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Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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FORE ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ vlrsK;d wkudk ae0g&D[k ac:qkMd uaMumif;ESifh ygwef Yd Ekiior;f ykuc&ykrm omuDvrsK;d wkonf olwYkd d f H d d f H H S l Yd \ tpOf t vmtwk d i f ; k y f & nf a csmarm vSyonhf trsK;d orD;wpfO;D ukd ]ukrm&DewforD;}} tjzpf a&G;cs,fum NrKdUawmftwGif; vSnfhvnf ylaZmfaom"avh&Sdonf/ xkdokdY ylaZmfyGJusif;y Mucsd e f ppf r uf w k d u f c k d u f j cif ; trI rjyKbJ &yfem;xm;avh&aMumif; a*:&cg;vlrsK;d aeygvD dS wdkYu xkdtcsdefukd tcGifhaumif;,lum ygwef Ek d i f i H u k d ousomuD v l r sKd ; ae0g&D w k d Y x H r S odrf;ykdufcJhaMumif; od&ayonf/ xkdtcsdefrSp ,aeY w k d i f ousomuD 0 if v l r sKd ; rsm;onf a*:&cg;vlrsK;d aeygvDw\ tkycsKycvwef;pm; Ydk f f H l b0jzihf aexkdifMu&aMumif; od&Sd&ayonf/ wpf c sd e f u rd r d w d k Y t rsKd ; tEG , f E S i h f wjcm;trsK;d tEG,rsm; ra&m,Suatmifxe;f Ekif f f d d &&SdcJhMuaom ]ousomuD} [laom*kPfukd tcsKdUomuD(ac:) ae0g&DvlrsKd;wdkY rxdef;EkdifMu awmhaMumif;vnf; od&ayonf/ ousomuD (ac:) ae0g&DvlrsKd;wdkYonf jrefrmvlrsKd;rsm;ESihf qifqifwlMuonf[k c&D;oGm;rSwfwrf;a&;ol wk d Y u ajymqk d M uonf / uk v m;vk d r 0wf b J jrefrmvkd0wfpm;MurnfqkdvQif ousomuDESihf jrefrmrSm cGJjcm;&yif cufvdrfhrnf[kqkdMu\/ tcsKdUtcsKdUpum;rsm;ESihf tcsKdUaom *Pef;ocsFmwdkYrSmvnf; jrefrmESihfwlnDaeonf [k qkdayonf/ ousomuD(ac:)ae0g&DvlrsKd; wkdYonf &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;ukdjrifvQif olwdkY trsKd ; tEG , f a*gwr\ wynh f & [ef ; awG [l a om ,k H M unf r I & S d rsm;rsm;rvS L Ek d i f M u aomf v nf ; ol w d k Y w wf E k d i f o rQ vS L 'gef ; Mu aMumif;od&Sd&ay&m ]]bk&m;&Sif\ aqGawmf rsK;d awmf ousomuD0if+ ae0g&D+trsK;d aumif; om;orD ; awG ol w yg; vuf a tmuf u vGwfajrmufum tdEd,wkduf i,fwGif jyefvnf xGef; ay:vmNyD;jzpfaom Ak'\ tqkH;tr t&d y f t m0gouk d ck d v I H c G i f h & &S d M uygap}} [k qEjyKqkawmif;arwmykdYo&if; ]]omuD0if wkdY\b0ESihf uydv0wfEkdifiHawmf}} orkdif; aqmif;yg;tusO;f csKyudk ed*;Hk urwf tqk;H owf f vkduf&ayonf/ &S i f P (zsmyk H ) rS D N id r f ; &mZ0if? r[m0if? Ak'0ifusrf;rsm;ESihf acwfopfc&D;oGm;rSwfwrf;rsm;rS aumufEkwfpkpnf;a&;om;ygonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

10

"r0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/ ynmoif M um;ay;awmf r l a om q&mawmf rsm; q&mawmfavmif;vsmonf 0if;u'wf&Gm? uHomausmif;q&mawmf b'E 0dpuP? yJcl;NrdKU? omoemhr@dKifygVdwuodkvf ausmif ; wd k u f q &mawmf b' E y nmaZmw (t* r [my@d w )? b' E o H 0 &(t* r [m y@dw)? b'EynmoD[(t*r[my@dw)? b'EZmae,s? b'EPdE? b'Eo,r? b'E H ukov? rEav;r[m0do'g Hwuopf? pnf&if k k kd f S ausmif ; q&mawmf b ' E y &r? b' E e aE m bmom bd0Ho? rpdk;&drfwdkufopfq&mawmf b'Eaum0d'gbd0Ho? &efukefNrdKU EdkifiHawmf y&d,womoemhwuovrS ygarmucsKyq&m d kd f f awmftrSL;jyKaom oifMum;^pDrq&mawmfrsm;? H jyify ynm&Sifq&mBuD;rsm;jzpfMuygonf/ atmif j rif c J h a ompmar;yG J r sm;ES i f h tvS L cH &&S d c J h a ombJ G U wH q d y f a wmf r sm;rS m - yJ c l ; Nrd K U?0d e ,m"d u pmar;yG J tBuD ; wef ; trSwftrsm;qHk; yXrausmfbJGY(1970) jynfESpf/ - EdkifiHawmftpdk;&"rmp&d,pmcswef;pmar;yGJ omoe"Z "rmp&d,bJGU(1973)ck/ - ygVd * k P f x l ; wef ; omoemh " Z "r m p&d , 0d e ,ygVd y g&*l b J G Y E S i f h tpd k ; &pmar;yG J 0 d e nf ; ig;usrf;atmif 0de, 0d'lbJGY(1992)ck/ - rZdredum,foHk;usrf;atmif rZdr edum, 0d'lbJGU (1998)ck/ - oxHkNrdKU? ok0Pblrd y&d,wdomoe[dw pmar;yJG yd#uw,yg&*lbJGY (1984)ck/ - yedum, yd#uw,yg&*lbJGY (1997)ck? - omoewuoDv"rmp&d,bJGU/
B.A(Buddhism) - omoewuoDv r[m"rmp&d,bJGY/ M.A(Buddhism) - Ed k i f i H a wmf t pd k ; &rS quf u yf a om

y&d , wd o moemta&;ygaom aMumifhomvQif bk&m;vufxuf tqufquf? q&mvufxuftqufrS omoemh0efaqmif ax&f t &S i f r sm;u y&d , wd p mayrsm;ud k qufvufycsoif,l vufqifurf;o,faqmif Ykd h cJhMuayonf/ jrefrmhordkif;tqufqufwGif tkycsKyob&ifrsm;uvnf;*E"&? 0dyem"l& f f l k l omoemh0efaqmif ax&ft&Sif rsm;udk bJUG wHqyf d awmf r sm; quf u yf u mcsD ; ajr m uf y l a Zmf c J h Muonf/ udkvdkeDacwfESifh vGwfvyfa&;&NyD; aemuf r sm;wG i f v nf ; yxrjyef p mar;yJ G obifrsm; usi;f yay;jcif;jzifh y&d,wdomoem udk apmifha&SmufcJhonf/ onf w G i f r u y&d , wd o moem wnfwjhH yefym;a&;twGuf wdy#u"& rif;uGe;f Y G d q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\ tajrmftjrifBuD;rm;pGm tm;xk w f t aumif t xnf a zmf c J h r I a Mumif h &efukefNrdKUESifhrEav;NrdKUrsm;wGif EdkifiHawmf y&d,wdomoemhwuodkvfBuD;ESpfckudk 1348 ck E S p f ? c&pf E S p f 1986 ck E S p f w G i f z G i f h v S p f EkdifcJhonf/ odkYjzpf wuodkvfBuD;ESpfck\ oufwrf;onf 25 ESpf aiG&wk umvodkYyif wdkifcJhayNyD/ wuodkvf\aiG&wk tBuKdumv 24ESpf odkYa&mufonfhtcsdefwGif "ryg&*lbJGUcH q&mawmfwpfyg; ay:ayguf zl;ajrmfci&cJayNy/ G fh h D xdkt&Sifum; t*r[m *E0gpuy@dwbJGU& b'Eax&dEyif jzpfygonf/ zG m ;jrif o ef Y p if j cif ; ES i f h omoemh a bmif o d k Y 0if a &muf j cif ; q&mawmfavmif;vsmudk yJcl;wdkif;? a0gNrdKUe,f? 0if;u'wfaus;&Gm crnf;awmf OD;a&T? r,fawmf a':jrodef;wdkYrS 1314 ckESpf? OD;wefcl;vjynfhausmf(3)&uf paeaeYwGif rD;SL; oefYpifzGm;jrifawmfrlonf/ 1325 ckESpf? wefcl;v? (11) ESpfom; t&G , f w G i f 0if ; u'wf & G m ? uH o mausmif ; q&mawmf b'E0dpuPudk OyZm,fjyK crnf;awmf r,fawmfwdkY\ yp,mEk*[ukdcH,l um &SifomraPabmifodkY0ifa&mufcJhonf/ &Sifax&dE[k bJGUtrnf&cJhonf/ 1334 ckEp?f uqkevwGif &efueNf rKd U S f k A[ef;NrdKUe,f? r[mpnfomoemh&dyfom? c@ odr r[mpnfq&mawmfBu;D b'EaombP f (t*r[my@dw? qXoH*g,emoH*Dwd ykpu q&mawmf ) tm; OyZm,f j yK jrif h j rwf aom&[ef ; tjzpf o d k Y a &muf & S d o nf / t&S i f ax&dE [kyif bJGUtrnfwGifygonf/

r[m*E0gpu y@dwbJUG wHqyf (2000)jynfEpf d h S ESifh t*r[m *Er[m0gpuy@dw bGJYwHqdyf (2005)ck wdkYudk tvSLcH&&SdcJhygonf/ xdrwpfqifh omoema&;0efBu;D Xme? k S Ediiawmfy&d,wd omoemh wuovf tkycsKyf k f H kd f a&;A[dktzGJYrS pnf;urf;Oya'rsm;a&;qJGum omoe wuov "ryg&*lbUGJ ay:xGuvma&; D f twGuf t&nftcsif;rDaom bJGU,lusrf;pm&Sif rsm;tm; bGJYqufuyf&ef qHk;jzwfcJhygonf/ ,if ; qH k ; jzwf c suf t & omoewu o D v "ryg&*lbJGY (Ph.D) udkpwiftaumiftxnf azmfaqmif&GufcJhygonf/ ,if;bJUG ,lusr;f pmjyKp&mwGif aiGuef k k

aMu;usrsm;vS y gonf / ,if ; vk y f i ef ; rsm; acsmarmpGm taumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Guf Edkifa&;twGuf vIdifMunfjzL"r0D& pmaywdkuf ykdif&SifOD;wifpkd; (&JrSL;csKyf- Nidrf;)? a':trmwif (uG e f v G e f ) rd o m;pk r S usyf a iG (10)od e f ; (q,f o d e f ; )uk d ya'omyif r wnf p d k u f x l vSL'gef;cJhygonf/ "ryg&*l (Ph.D) bJGYtwGuf t&nf tcsif;rD oifwef;om;rsm;a&G;cs,fNyD;? bJGU,l usrf; pmrsm;a&;om;jyKpkaomtcg oHCmawmf rsm; tcuftcJr&Sda&;om;jyKpkEdkifa&;twGuf vIdifMunfjzLrdom;pkESifh rdwfaqGrsm;u "ryg&*l usr;f jyKpqJ q&mawmf(8)yg;wdtm; yifzwum k Yk h d f qGrf;uyf? ouFef;uyfvSLjcif;tygt0if wpfyg; vQif usyf w pf o d e f ; uspD vS L 'gef ; cJ h y gonf / ,if;uJhodkYaom yHhydk;rItpkpkudktaMumif;jyK q&mawmfb'Eax&dEonfomoe wu o D v "r y g&*l b J G Y , l ] ] PALIYAGATO f k G f ABHISAPAVICAYO }} usr;pmudwifoi; omoe wuoDv"ryg&*l(Ph.D) bJGYwHqdyf awmfudk EdkifiHawmfy&d,wdomoemh wuodkvf (&efukef)wGif tpOD;qHk; tvSLcH&&SdcJhygonf/ ,cktcg q&mawmfonf EdkifiHawmf y&d,wdomoemhwuodkvf(&efukef) yd#uwfqdkif&m ygVdpmayXmewGif ygarmu ^ XmerS L ;tjzpf v nf ; aumif ; ? ax&0g'Ak ' omoemwnfwHhjyefYyGm;a&;udk &nfoefvsuf vIiMf unfjzL"r0&*sme,fwurS xkwa0vsu&dS d D kd f f f aom]]"r0&}}*sme,f\ Mo0g'gp&d,q&mawmf D wpfyg;tjzpfvnf;aumif;? omoemhwm0ef rsm;udk xufxufoefoef xrf;aqmifvsuf&Sd aMumif; azmfjy&if; q&mawmf\ oDv*kPf? orm"d*kPf? ynm*kPfrsm;udk OD;cdkufylaZmftyf ygonf/ q&mawmf \ "r y g&*l ( Ph.D) bJGYtvSLcH&&Sdjcif; txdrf;trSwf*kPfjyKcsD;usL; ylaZmfyJGudk 2010 jynfhESpf? {NyDv(4)&ufaeY (4-4-2010) oHvsifNrdKU? xef;yifukef;(3)vrf;? atmifokcy&d,wdpmoifwdkufwGif eHeuf(9) em&DtcsdefrS pwifusif;yrnfjzpfygonf/ "r 0 D &

THOUGH ABOUT THE DHAMMA

"r0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,f tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/
DOCTRINAL APPROACH

11

txD;usefjcif;onf b0emusifrIjzpf\
[Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif
It is good to be alone. To be far away from the world and yet walk its streets is to be alone. To be alone walking up the path beside the rushing, noisy mountain stream full of spring water and melting snow's is to be aware of that solitary tree, alone in its beauty. The stream was muddy, slate coloured. The fields aloove it were full of wild flowers. The air was pure and there was enchantment. On the high hills there was still snow, and the glacieers and great peaks still held the recent snows; they will still be white all the summer long.

The Loneliness is the Pain of Life

txD;usetjzpfqwm[m wu,fawmh aumif;w,f? avmu f kd c&D;vrf;wpfavQmufrSm &ifaumhacgif;armhNyD; cyfrwfrwfavQmufvSrf; EkdifzdkYqdkwm[m 'DurmavmuBuD;eJY vGwfuif;NyD; txD;usefjzpfaerSom jzpfEkdifrSmyg/ aEGOD;rdk;a&awGeJY ESif;cJaysmf&nfawG pkzGJUNyD; qlnHpGmw[kef xdk;pD;usaewJh awmifusacsmif;uav;eHab;u awmifwufvrf;uav; rSmavQmufvr;f ae&if; txD;usejf zpfaezdqwmudk xD;xD;Bu;D jzpfwnfae S Yk kd MuwJh opfyifawGuajymqdaeMuygav&JU/ txD;usejf cif;&JUtvSw&m;yg k wJ/ h
The loneliness of a a man in the street is the pain of life; he's never alone, far away, untouched and vulnerable. To be full of knowledge breeds endless misery. The demand for expression, with its frustrations and pains, is that man who walks the streets; he is never alone. Sorrow is the movement of that loneliness.

acsmif;uav;[m &THUESpfa&mifeJYoifykef;ausmufeufa&mifx aeygw,f/ tJ'Dacsmif;a&pD;txufu v,fuGif;jyifBuD;xJrSmawmh tdkif;awmyef;uav;awGu azG;azG;vIyfaew,f/ jzwfoef;wdkufcwf vmwJh avajyuav;[m oefYpifMunfvifNyD; qGwfysHU MunfEl;zG,f aqmifaeavw,f/ rdk;xdjrifhrm;awmifwHwdkif;BuD;awG tay:rSmawmh ESif;0wfZm jrLu vTrf;NcHKaeqJjzpfw,f/ ESif;zHk;a&cJawmifawGeJY awmifxGwf awmif,rm;awGay:rSmawmh vwfvwfqwfqwf usqif;vmwJEi;f zuf h S ESif;vTmawGu aEG&moD&SnfumvwpfavQmufvHk; qGwfqGwfjzLaeOD; awmhrSmaygYav/
It was a marvellous morning and you could have walked on endlessly, never feeling the steep hills. There was perfum in the air, clear and strong. There was no one on that path, coming down or going up. You were alone with those dark pines and the rushing waters.

vrf;ay:u vlwpfa,muf&JUtxD;usefjcif;qdkwm[m wu,f awmh b0&JU emusifrI'kujzpfapygw,f/ oluawmh b,fokdYaomtcg rS txD;userjzpfygbl;? a0;uGmaew,f? uif;vGwaew,f? cHEipr;f &nf f f dk f G rJhaew,f/ todynmawG jynhfpHkatmif vkyfaewmawG[m tqHk;tp r&SdwJh twd'kuawGudk ay:aygufapygw,f/ pdwf&Sdwdkif;rjzpf&vdkY tm;rvdk tm;r&jzpfrIawG? emusifcHpm;rI awGeJYwuG? azmfxkwfzGihfcsvdkufzkYd awmif;qdkrIawG[m vrf;wum vSnhfvnf vGihfarsmaewJh tJ'DtxD;usefvlom;wpfa,muf&JU vdktif qEawGyJjzpfw,f/ ol[mb,fawmhrS wpfudk,fwnf; rjzpfygbl;? aomuAsmyg'awGqdkwmu txD;usefjzpfrIuae aygufzGm;vmMuwm jzpfw,f/
That mountain stream was full and high with the melting snows and the rain of early spring. You could hear big boulders beings pushed around by the force of on-rushing waters. A tall pine of fifty years or more crashed into the water; the road was being washed away.

tHhzG,faumif;avmufatmif xl;uJaewJh reufcif; wpfckjzpf ygw,f / tqif a jyajyeJ Y qif a jcavQmwpf a vQmuf r &yf r em; awmufavQmufqdkovdk oifavQmufvSrf;vmcJhw,f/ 'Dtcdkuf aoGUueJ wdkufjzwfoGm;wJh avat;xJrSm &Sif;oefYpdrfhouf pl&S&S&eHUu ESm0rSm wpfcsufa0SUoGm;av&JU/ 'Dawmifay:vrf;uav;[m qif;vmolvJr&Sd? wufvmMuol uvJ r&S/ qif;olwufowpfO;D wpfa,mufrQr&S?d rdi;f ndK Ua&mif rJawmx d l I aewJh xif;SL;yifawGeYJ 'a&maomyg; wpf[ex;kd pD;arsmaewJh awmifus k f acsmif;a&awGeJY twl oif[mwpfa,mufxD;wnf; txD;usefjzpfaeqJ ygyJ/
The sky was that astonishing blue that only the mountains have. You looked at it through leaves and the straight pines. There was no one to talk to and there was no chattering of the mind. A magpie, white and black, flew by, disappearing into the woods. The path led away from the noisy stream and the silence was absolute. It wasn't the silence after the noise, it wasn't the silence that comes with the setting of the sun, nor that silence when the mind dies down. It wasn't the silence of museums and churches but something totally umrelated to time and space. It wasn't the silence that mind makes for itself. The sun was hot and the shadows were pleasant.

tJ'awmifusacsmif;uav;[m aEGO;D rd;k a&awGeYJ ESi;f cJaysm&nf D f awGewif jynhvQvaeygw,f/ ausmufqiausmufw;kH Bu;D awGuawmif YJ f H Ykd kd f kd '&rif;Murf;oGefqif;vmwJh a&pD;tm;eJY wGef;wdkufdkufcwfoGm;aeoHawG udk oifudk,fwdkif Mum;Ekdifygw,f/ oufwrf;tm;jzihf ESpfaygif;ig;q,frQ ru Mumanmif;&ihfusufaeNyDjzpfwJh xif;&SL;yif&SnfBuD;wpfyif[m acsmif;a&pD;xJrSm usKd;usvdkYaeav&JU/ vrf;rBuD;uawmh acsmif;a&pD;&JU 0g;rsKdwdkufpm;oGm;wmudk cHpm;ae&&Smw,f/

THOUGH ABOUT THE DHAMMA

12

"r0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

aumif ; uif [ m awmif a wG r S m om&S d w wf w J h tH h M op&m awmifjyma&mifudk rwfrwf rm;rm; wajzmihfwnf; wef;aewJh xif;SL; yifawGeJY xif;SL;&GufawGMum;uae oifjrifawGUae&w,fav/ 'Dae&m rSm ab;uae pum;pjrnfajymqdkay;zdkY&m tazmfo[JvJrvkd? pdwfudk axG&mav;yg; ajcmufjcm;apr,fh toHAvHawGvJr&Sd? tjzLeJY trnf; pyfusm;xm;wJh iSufusm;wpfaumif kwfw&wf xysHNyD; xif;SL;awmxJ rSm aysmufuG,foGm;av&JU/ awmifay:vrf;uav;[m qlnHoHa&m,SufpD;arsmaewJh awmifusacsmif;uav;&JU ta0;wpfae&mqDudk OD;wnfaeygw,f/ wdwfqdwf NidrfoufrIu tjynhft0 NcHKvTrf;xm;ygw,f/ qlnHoHawG kwfcsnf; qdwfNidrfoGm;NyD;rS wdwfqdwfoGm;wmrsKd;r[kwfygbl;/ tkPf OD;qnf;qmcsdefeJYtwl usa&mufvmwwfwJh wdwfqdwfrIrsKd; r[kwfovdk pdwf[mwjznf;jznf; wpp NidrfoufoGm;cdkuf jzpfay:vmwJh wdwfqdwf rIrsKd;vJr[kwfygbl;? jywdkufBuD;awGeJY bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;BuD;awGxJu wdwfqdwfaerIrsKd;vJr[kwfyg/ 'gayr,fh ajymvdkwmu umveJY Xme vHk;0okOf;qdwfoGm;wJhtjzpfrsKd;yJjzpfw,f/ pdwftvdkeJY zefwD;&,lxm; wJh NidrfoufwdwfqdwfrIrdsKd;vJr[kwfyg/ ae[m ylavmifwJh oabm&Sdovdk t&dyf[m at;Nidrf;wJhoabm&Sdygw,f/ 'gu 'DxufydkNyD; at;Nidrf;oGm; wmjzpfw,f/
He only discovered recently that there was not a single thought during these long walks, in the crowded streets or on the solitary paths. Ever since he was a boy it had been like that , no thought entered his mind.

pG,fpkHvSol
EkHonfhP? okwr&Sd? oDv&Sdaomf oDvtwGu?f ESpoufueMf u? cs;D rGr;f &\/ f k oDvr&Sd? okw&Sdaomf? wwfonfh csnf;ESD;? usK;d rNy;D [k? rcs;D rGr;f Mu? uJ&&\/ h UJ okw oDv? pG,fpkHvSrl? xkdoolukd? ewfvaumif;csD; tHrNyD;[k? thcsD;aumfa&mf? l h H &Sc;dk ylaZmf aumfa&mfO;D cku?f &Sc;dk xku&i/hf d d d d f S rCa'ovuFmopf
there was still that pleasant smell in the air and the rains would bring a different smell. It was a long way down to the chalet.

vlawGjynfhodyfusyfnyfaewJh NrdKUjy vrf;rawGrSm? 'grSr[kwf tckvdkwpfckwnf;aom {upmawmifay:u vrf;usOf;uav;rSm? avQmufvSrf;vmcJhwJhc&D;&SnfBuD;wpfavQmufrSm tawG;uav;wpfp wpfavrQ r&Sb;l qdwmudk rMumao;cifurS olu,f olovu&ygw,f/ d k Y kd d kd f vl i ,f b 0 uwnf ; upNyD ; 'D t wd k i f ; ? ol Y p d w f x J r S m bmtawG ; rS 0ifa&mufrvmcJhygbl;/
He was watching and listening and nothing else. Though with its associations never arose. There was no image-making. One day he was sussenly aware how extraordinary it was; he attempted often to think but no thought would come. On these walks, with people or without them,any movement of thought was absent. This is to be alone.

oluolpwup;l pduapmifMh unfchJ w,f/ pl;pduem;qifcw,f/ Y d f kd k f h k f hJ bmrSrawGrjrif rMum;odcygbl;/ tawG;eJtawG;&JUtodi;f t0ef; tqG,f Y hJ Y k tyG m ;awG v J x <urvmcJ h M uygbl ; / awG ; ac:BuH q yH k a zmf M ujcif ; vJ r &S d c J h y gbl ; / wpf a eY a wmh t J ' d t jzpf [ mb,f a vmuf r sm;xl ; jcm; qef ; Mu,f t H h M ozG , f a umif ; vd k u f y govJ q d k w m ol u k w f w &uf trSwfrxif owdjyKawGUodvkduf&ygw,f/ 'Dtjzpf'Dtodudk rMumcP qdkovdk oljyefawG;Munfhayr,fhbmrSjyefrvmawmhygbl;/ olavQmufvSrf;cJhwJh 'Dc&D;vrf;wpfavQmufrSm? tazmfyg onfyJjzpfjzpf? tazmfrygonfyJjzpfjzpf? tawG;rsm; &JUOD;wnfa&GUvsm;rI awGuawmh vHk;0okOf;qdwf vdkYaeNyDjzpfygw,f/ 'g[mwpfudk,fxD;wnf; txD;usefrI&JU okyfouefvJyJjzpfygw,f/
Over the snow peaks clouds were forming. heavy and dark; probably it would rain later on but now the shadows were very sharp with the sun bright and clear.

ESif;zHk;a&cJawmifxGwfawGay:rSm wdrfawmif wdrfvdyfawG uav;vHndKUrIdif;tHkzJGUvdkY aeMuw,f/ odyfrMumcifrSm rdk;u&Gmaumif;&Gm ygvdrfhr,f/ tckaeawmhum aea&mif0if;yMunfvifaewmeJYtrQ wdrfawmifwdrfvdyf awm&dyf awmif&dyfawGu jywfjywfom;om; jrifaeMu& qJyg/ avwpfcsuftaemhrSm aveJYtwlpD;arsm ygvmwJh ESpfoufMunfEl;p&m&eHYu Nidrfoufae av&JU/ aemufrMumcifrSm rdk;u wjcm;&eHYwpfrsKd;udk o,faqmifvmygvdrfhOD;r,f/ 'gawGu? rdrdem;cdk&m awmifay:opf om;wJi,fwpfvHk;qDodkY OD;wnfaewJhawmifqif; vrf;wpfavQmufrSm BuHKqHkawGUodvdkuf&wJh tjrifawGyJjzpfygw,f/ (tdE,awG;ac:ynm&Sif a*sc&pf&em;rl&w;D (J.Krishnamurti d S f \ Daily diary Journal rS rSwfwrf;wpfyk'fudk xkwfEkwfjyefqdkygonf/) [Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

13

jrwfpGmbk&m;ocif avsmif;pufawmfrl&if; a[mMum;awmfrlaom

*k[|uokwea'oemawmf f
Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; t&Sifyda@mv bm&'GmZ&[ef;tm; *k[|uokwefa'oem awmfudk *Euk#Dausmif; anmifapmif;awmf avsmif;pufawmfrl&if; jrwfpGmbk&m;ocif a[mMum;awmfrlonf[k okwefyd#uwf? r[m0* t|uxmwGif azmfjyyg&Sdygonf/ aumor D j ynf **F g jrpf a uG U teD ; jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifonf om0wdNrdKU oDwif;oHk;awmfrlpOf yda@mvbm&'GmZmrax&fonf aumorDjynf **FgjrpfauGUO,smOfodkY oGm; aeYoefYawmfrlonf/ xdkO,smOfum; jrpfauGUjzpfaomaMumifh t&dyftm0go avajy avnif;wdkYjzihf vGefpGmat;jrqdwfNidrfav\/ rax&fonf a&S;a&S;aom b0wduvnf;? O,smOf usupm;aysmarGUcJb;l aomaMumih?f rMumrMum Yk f f h <ua&mufaeYoefY&TifNyHK;oDwif;oHk;awmfrlavh&Sd\/ Oawerif ; O,smOf u pm;xG u f t vm aumorjD ynh&if Oawerif;onfvnf; xkaeYeeufapmapmu f S d H yif O,smOfupm;xGufawmfrl rsm;pGmaomaeYtzdkYywfvHk; uckefoDusL; &TifjrL;vsuf O,smOfupm;awmfrl\/ rif;BuD;onf xdkodkYO,smOfupm;&if;jzihf ol&m,Zfrl;avaomf wpfa,mufaomeef;wGif;ol\&ifcGif tdyfaysmfoGm;av\/ <uif;aom eef;wGif;olvSysdKjzLwdkYum;? rif;BuD;pufawmfac:awmfrlacsNyD[kqdkum? rif;udk azsmajzae&mrSx O,smOfx yef;opfo;D wdukd cl;qGwMf uvsuf f J Yk aysmf&TifpGmaeMupOf? aeYoefYaeawmfrlaomrax&fjrwfudkjrifMu NiroufpmcsO;f uyf&c;kd Ny;D vQi?f rax&fu0i;f 0ef;Nc&vsuf xdiMf uuke\/ d f G dS kd kd H H k f eef ; wG i f ; ol w d k Y w&m;emMujcif ; rax&fjrwfvnf; ormywf0ifpm;ae&mrSx? xdeef;wGi;f olwYkd k tm; w&m;awmfudk a[mMum;av\/ xdkeef;wGif;olwdkYonfvnf; w&m; awmfudk ESpfoufMunfndKum om"kac:qdkoHwnHnHjzihf w&m;emMuukef av\/ rif;BuD;udk &ifcGifjzihf ayGUodyfaeaom eef;wGif;olrdef;rysdKonf O,smOfx aysm&ijf rL;xl;aeMuaom tjcm;aomeef;wGiowukd remvdk J f T f l Ykd jzpf? rdrd\udk,fudkvIyf rif;BuD;udk EdI;av\/ Oawerif;vnf; tdyae&mrSE;kd vwfaomf 0di;f 0ef;azsmajzaeMuaom armif;rwdtm; rjrif f k f Yk &? [dktysufrawG b,foGm;aeMuovJ[k ar;jref;av\/ eef;wGif;olvSysdKjzLonf ]]t&Sifrif;BuD; olwdkYwpfawG t&Sif rif;Bu;D tay:rSm cpm;,k,rIayhgavsmaeMuygw,f/ [dO,smOfxrm&SwhJ h k J S d &[ef;udawmh 0di;f 0di;f vnfcpm;azsmajzaeMuygw,fb&m;}} [k avQmuf k k k f k av\/ rif ; BuD ; trsuf a csmif ; acsmif ; xG u f rif;BuD;vnf; trsufxGufum? yda@mvbm&'GmZax&f&Sd&m odYk vsipmoGm;av\/ rif;Bu;D udk jrif&avaomf eef;wGi;f oltcsKd Uwdonf f G Yk x &yfaeMu\/ tcsdKUum; ]]t&Sifrif;BuD;? &[ef;awmf\txHrSm w&m;em,lawmfrlMuyg}} [k avQmufwifMu\/ Oawerif;BuD;vnf; a'goydkrdkvGefuJvmum rax&fudk&Sdrcdk; awmhb?J racsriHajymqdar;jref;av\/ rax&furl tvkuoihf ajz;ajz; k d f aq;aq; ajzqdkav\/ ar;ajzMu[ef r S m Oawerif;- udk,fawmf bmtwGuf 'Dudkvm&ovJ bm&'GmZrax&f- 0da0u- (qdwfNidrfat;csrf;rI) twGuf 'Dudk vm&jcif; jzpfygw,f/ Oawerif; - 0da0u qdwNf irat;csr;f rItwGuf vmw,fqwu,awmf d f kd hJ kd f u rdef;rawGeJY ywfjcm0dkif;NyD; xkdifaewmudk;/ udk,fawmf 0da0uqdkwm bmvJ ajymygtHk;.../ rax&fjrwfonf rif;onfum; odv ar;jref;jcif;r[kw[k kd f qHk;jzwf bmrQrajymbJ qdwfqdwfaeav\/ cgcsOf t eD a umif r sm;jzih f w k d u f & ef Oawerif;u ]]tdk..&[ef;? oifonfum; pum;rajym wkPSd abm NidrfaeacsNyD/ toifNidrfNidrfrae&atmif vkyfjy&rSmbJ[kqdkum? rax&f\udkf,fay:odkY cgcsOfaumifrsm;udk BuJjzefYcs&ef tmaomuyef;yif toih&aeaom cgcsOteDtwpfxyukd csKd ;,lav\/ cgcsOteDaumif f dS f kH k f f xkyfonf Oawerif;udk,fay: BuJjzefYvsufom; jzpfoGm;av\/ Oawerif;onf &mZa`Eysuf trsujf yif;pGmxGu cgcsOtkH f f wpfxkyfudk csdK;,ljyefum rax&fjrwftay:BuJcs&eftvmwGif yda@mv bm&'GmZmrax&fonf ]]rif;um; ig\udk,fay:odkY cgcsOfxkyfudk cgcs jypfrm;ygrl tyg,fi&JoYkd usa&muf&mawmhrnf}} [k oem;ojzih?f rdrxoYkd S S d H ra&mufrD aumif;uifodkY wuf<uoGm;avawmh\/ aumif ; uif r S a jrvQd K ;NyD ; bk & m;xH a wmf o d k Y aumif;uifrS om0wdajrjyifodkYqif;ouf? ajrodkYvQdK;um aZw0efausmif;wduf *Eu#ausmif;awmfwif jrwfpmbk&m;avsmif;puf k k D G G awmfraeaom anmifapmif;awmfa&SUrSmay:vmNy;D jrwfpmbk&m;&Sitm; l G f &Sdcdk; xdkifaeav\/ jrwf p G m bk & m;w&m;a[mMum;awmf r l j cif ; jrwf p G m bk & m;onf ]]td k . .bm&'G m Z? tcsd e f t cgr[k w f bmhaMumihfvm&oenf;}} [k ar;awmfrl\/ rax&fvnf; OaweESifh awGUBuHKcJh&orQtaMumif;pHkudk avQmufxm;avaomf? jrwfpGmbk&m;onf ]]tdk..bm&'GmZ? umr*kPfudk wyfrufaewJh? tJ'DOawevlpm;tm; 0da0uw&m;pum;onf bmtusKd ;rsm;Ediygrnfenf;}}[k rdeawmfrNl y;D vQif k f Yf anmifapmif;awmfrxrxdibJ avsmif;pufawmfr&if; t&Siya@mv S k f l f d bm&'GmZrax&ftm; *k[|uokwefa'oemawmfudk a[mMum;awmfrl avonf/ Oawerif ; o&P*H k w nf j cif ; rax&fjrwfonf aemufwpfzefO,smOfo<Ykd uaomtcg Oawe rif;onf? rax&fxHqnf;uyf odvdkorQaom"rwdkYudk ar;jref;av\/ rax&fuvnf; ajzqdk&Sif;jy\/ xdkrif;onf rax&ftay: MunfndKo'g jzpfyGm;um? ygPkaywHo&P*HkaqmufwnfoGm;avownf;/ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

14

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

aemuf a usmzk H ; rS wmu? pdwfxm;ESvHk;xm;tygt0if tjcm;udk,fusihfw&m;rsm;tm;vH;k jzLpifwnfNiraeatmif (bm0emw&m;tay:tajccHNy;D ) yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf d f &wJh tusihfw&m;jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DjA[p&d,tusihfjrwfudk? t|uxmq&mawGu zGihfqdk azmfjyMu&mrSm? 'gew&m;udkvJ tJ'DtusihfjrwfrSm xnhfoGif;azmfjyMu wmudk awGU&ygw,f/ 'D'geqdwmuvJ wu,fawmh apmifxe;f jcif;oDv k h d w&m;tpkxJrSm yg&Sdwmjzpfygw,f/ bmhaMumihfvJqdkawmh pm&dwoDv (udk,fusihfw&m;aumif;atmif apmifhxdef;jcif;) eJY qufpyfyg0ifaevdkYyJ jzpfygw,f/ pifMu,fjrihfjrwfwJhtusihfoDvudk apmifhxdef;NyD;awmh? orx0dyembm0emyGm;rsm;tm;xkwaeMuwJoawGuvJy?J 'DwyqdwhJ NcKd ;NcH f h l k pGm usihf&wJhr*Fvmw&m;udk olapmifhxdef;xm;wJh oDvw&m;twGuf taxmuftyHhjzpfap&atmif usihfaqmifMuNyD;? jA[p&d,r*Fvmajrmuf atmif 0dyembm0emw&m;udvJ BuKd ;pm;Ny;D yGm;rsm;tm;xkwaeMuwm k f awGU&ygw,f/

awmfrlygw,f/ t"dym,fu tJ'Darwm? ukPm? rk'dwm? OayumqdkwJh jA[0[m&w&m;av;yg;udk ow0gtm;vH;k wdtay:rSm ay;ydoe;f avmif; d Yk Yk G NyD; jA[pdk&fw&m;yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfjcif;[m jrihfjrwfaomyk*dKvfwdkY\ tusihfjrwfjzpfwJh jA[p&d,r*Fvmrnfygw,fwJh/ op m av;yg;jrwf w &m;ud k od j rif a pwJ h w &m; jrihjf rwfwhJ ewfw?Ykd jA[mwd&UJ bHArmefawGrm? 'grSr[kwf ewfwYkd Yk k d S jA[mwdkY&JU avmuudka&mufapEdkifwJh jrihfjrwfolwdkYusihfaqmifMuwJh tusihfjrwfjzpfwJh? jA[mh0d[m&w&m;qdkwm[m av;rsdK;av;pm;ydkif;jcm; xm;&SdwJhw&m;jzpfygw,f/ 'Dw&m;udk jA[mpdk&fw&m;vdkYvJ ac:Muyg w,f/ tJ'Dw&m;awGuawmh(1) arwm- wPSmuif;wJhcspfjcif;rsdK;eJY cspfcifjcif;/ (2) ukPm- tMuifem? arwm? pmemdkif;yif;rIeJY cHpm;em;vnfwJh oem;jcif;/ (3) rk'dwm- csrf;omwJholawGudktmHkjyKNyD;awmh 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjcif;/ (4) Oayum- pdwfNidrfNidrfoufouf? acgif;at;at;xm;NyD; vspfvSLI jcif;wdkYyJjzpfygw,f/ Difference between the Brahmacarriya and Tapa 'gaMumifh wytusihf&,fvdkY ac:qdkMuwJh (udk,fwdkifNcdK;NcHpGm Difference can be verified as Tapa is the purity of Mo- usiw) tusie?YJ jA[p&d,tusijfh rwfukd usiEiatmif taxmuftyHh hf hJ fh fh kd f rality (it belong to S1la) whereas Brahmacariya is other purities ay;wJhtjyif? t&d,op'eeJY opmav;yg;jrwfw&m;udk odjrifap - including purity of Mind (this belongs to the Bhavana). atmif? 'DjA[p&d,tusijfh rwf[m ulyay;ygw,fvYkd rdeqawmfrygw,f/ hH Yf kd l
It must be noted that Dana (offering) also should be included in the S1la- group, because it is related to the Carittas1la . (Morality as to observance.) A virtuous meditator has Tapa- man . gala in him as he is endowed with S1la, and Brahmacariya- man gala as he practises meditation too. Brahmacariya is conducive to Ariyasacca Dassana There mention Four Kinds of Brahmavihara (Subline or Divine Abodes), namely:(1) Metta - platonic love or loving- kindness; (2) Karuna - compassion; - - rejoicing at other's good fortune; (3) Mudita (4) Upekkha - equanimity, and Tapa (Self- restraint) is conducive to Brahmacariya (Noble Practice). and Brahmacariya is conducive to Ariyasacca Dassana (Realisation of the Noble truths).

ud k , f E I w f w d k Y a pmif h x d e f ; jcif ; oD v udk,frI (um,uH)? EIwfrI (0pDuH) wdkYudk rusL;vGefrdatmif apmifxe;f jcif;/ odumyk'wukd aqmufwnfjcif;udk oDvvdac:qdygw,f/ h d f Ykd Yk k

MORALITY- S1la Moral conduct; restraint in physical and verbal actions. Morality denotes being virtuous and abstaining from evil actions both physical and verbal. It also prescribes virtuous conduct. (Caritta s1la and Moral rules and regulations.)

pm&d w o D v qd k o nf r S m pm&dwoDvqdkwmu? olawmfaumif;wdkYusihfxdkufwJhoDv? usi0wfovwduac:wmjzpfygw,f/ wenf;ajym&&ifawmh jynhatmif hf D Yk dk f jznhfusihftyfwJhoDvrsdK;[m pm&dwoDvvdkYac:qdkygw,f/ Ak'bmom0ifoawmfpifrsm;rSm? rdrxuftoufoum*kP0gBu;D l d d f olwdkYudk &Sdcdk;rI? c&D;OD;BudKqdkrI? vuftkyfcsDrI? tdktaojyKrI? 0wfBuD;0wf i,fjyKrI tp&SdwJh qdkif&mqdkif&m usihf0wfrsm;&SdMuygw,f/ tJ'Dusihf0wf rsm;udk jznhatmifjznhusi,&wmaMumihf pm&dwovvdYk ac:qdygw,f/ f f hf l D k

MORAL OBLIGATIONS- Caritta s1la Virtuous conduct; virtue as keeping By moral obligations is meant certain obligations that must be fulfilled. In Buddhist ettics certain moral obligations are incumbent on one such as: showing reverence and attending on one's elders who may be senior in age or in status, and one has to fulfil them. Such fulfilment is called virtuous conduct, Caritta s1la.

jrih f j rwf o l w d k Y u sih f a qmif & m jA[ 0 d [ m&"r Ak'bmom0ifolawmfpifjrihfjrwfolwdkY\ tusihfjrwfw&m;rSm olawmfoljrwfwdkY xm0&vufudkifpGJoHk;MuwJhw&m;u jA[0d[m&w&m; jzpfygw,f/ urmteEpMu0VmteE jriftyfrjriftyf &S&orQow0gawG d dS tay:rSm rdrEiwpfom;wpfpyfxxm;Ny;D cspjf cif;w&m;xm;&SEiwm[m d S fh J d kd f 'DjA[m0d[m&"rvdkYac:qdkMuwJh jA[pdk&fw&m;yJjzpfygw,f/ 'D"rw&m; [m av;yg;tjym;&Sdygw,f/ (1) arw m w&m; &Sd&SdorQ ouf&Sdow0gawGtay:rSm tusdK;vdkvm;wJhw&m; jzpfygw,f/ Ak'bmom0ifoawmfpifw[m cyfor;f ukeaomow0gawG l Ykd d f tay:rS m ? wPS m uif ; wJ h c spf j cif ; rsd K ;jzpf w J h arw m eJ Y , S O f w J h p d w f e J Y aexdkifMuavh&Sdygw,f/
1. METTA - LOVING KINDNESS Goodwill; benevolence, The Buddhist live with thoughts of Platonic love or loving- kindness and goodwill towards all beings.

jA[ 0 d [ m&yG m ;rsm;jcif ; onf jA[ p &d , rnf \ / ]]av;jzmjA[? 0d[m&udk? oAowm? ow0gtaygif;? ydkYoGef; avmif;? av;aMumif;jA[pdk&f? yGm;pdrfhcdkavmh..}} rHka&G;q&mawmfu jA[p&d,r*Fvm&JUoabmudk 'DvdkzGifhqdk

(2) uk P mw&m; ow0gteEwtay:rSm oem;Muifemjcif;? oem;nmwmjcif;? Ykd txl;ojzihf qif;&J'uawGUBuKH aeMuwJow0gawGukd oem;MuifemMu&rSm k h jzpfygw,f/ oem;nmwm ukPmxm;Mu&rSmjzpfygw,f/

TERAVADA PERSPECTIVE
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
2. KRUNAA - COMPASSION . One must have compassion on miserable beings.

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(3) rk ' d w mw&m; csrf ; omwJ h o l a wG uk o d k v f a umif ; rI j yKwJ h o l a wG t ay:rS m 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;ompdwfxm;&SdNyD;? trQay;a0wJhukodkvfaumif;rItzkdYudk 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om om"kac:qdkMuygw,f/ tJ'vkd olwpfyg;wduovaumif;rIjyKvyMf uwmudk 0rf;ajrmuf D Yk k kd f k 0rf;om aumif;csD;jyK om"kac:qdkrIqdkwm[m? ac:qdkwJh olpwapwemxufoef&if xufoefoavmuf b0aygif;rsm; d f pGm aumif;usKd;ay;Ekdifygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpfjcif;? om"k Ekarmf ac:qdkjcif;jzihf? ukodkvfjyKolcsrf;omaomolwdkYeJYxyfwlxyfrQ aumif;usK;d csr;f om&&Scpm;Ekirmjzpfw,f/ 'gaMumihvy?J trQay;a0wJh d H d f S f J ukovf tzdukd Ak'bmom0ifrsm;u 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om om"kac:qdMk u& dk Yk wmvJjzpfygw,f/ ax&0g'Ak'omoemawmfrSm trQay;a0wmwdkY om"kac:qdk Mu&wmwdkY[m tvGefta&;ygwJh udpwpf&yfjzpfygw,f/ txl;ojzihf uG,veol bd;k bGm;rdbrsm;? aqGrsK;d om;csi;f rsm;twGuf oHCmawmfawG f G f udk yifzwNf y;D owfowfrwrwf ukovaumif;rIawG jyKay;Mu&ygw,f/ h d S f S dk f 'D&&SMd uwJ'geukovudk wrvGeuae om"kac:qkEiMf uyg&ef h dk f f d dk Nydwmb0u uRwfvGwfNyD; ewfb0 ewfavmuukd csufcsif;a&muf Mu&ygw,f/ aoqk H ; ol r sm;u rawmf w qtm;jzih f pm;&rJ h a omuf & rJ h 0wf&rJNh ywmb0rSm a&mufc&if vltcsi;f csi;f awGvdk ay;vkauR;vdr&yg/ d hJ Yd Yk tckvdk trQay;a0jcif;? om"kac:jcif;rsKd;rSwpfyg; wjcm; vGwfajrmuf EkdifwJhenf;vrf;r&Sdygbl;/ oHCmawmft&SifjrwfawG&JU *kPfaus;Zl;[m 'DudprSm tvGefukd xif&Sm;odomvSygw,f/
3. MUDITA-REJOICING By rejoicing other's good fortune and, in other's deed of merit and saying well-done (sadhu). "one gains the same amount of merit as the author of the deed". Sharing of merit gained and saying ''will-done" in appreciation, play a vital role in Theravada Buddhism. Offering . of food to samgha, in memory of one's departed parents, relatives and friends is especially important. Should they be reborn as ever -hungry beings (petas), in need of food and clothes as those miserable beings are wont to be, one's call to share merit will be their any means of release, for if they were to say ''well-done" in response, they would be immediately reborn in the celestial realm. . This also makes the attributes of the Samgha monastic order most evident.

(4) Oayu m w&m; 0rf;rom 0rf;renf;jzpfjcif;/ vspfvsLIjcif;oabm/ csrf;om aom ow0g? qif;&Jaom ow0grsm;tay:rSm tnDtrQIEkdifwm[m OayumjA[pkd&fw&m;yJjzpfw,f/
4. UPEKKHA-EQUANIMITY Neutral state of mind. The mental equipaise to regard the happy beings and the miserable beings alike with the same detachment is one of the four subline abidings called Equanimity.

arw m qk d o nf r S m u 'Dae&mrSm tvsOf;oihfvdkY arwmqkdwmukd tbd"rmenf;t& tenf;i,fajym&r,fqkd&if 'Darwmoabm"mwf[m cspfcifpkdpGwf

ap;uyfwwfwJhtwGuf tJ'Dta'goapwodufukdyJ ]arwm} vdkYac:ae Mujcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'Darwm[m tyrnmjA[0[m&rSmygwJh w&m;wpfrsK;d vnf;yJ d jzpfygw,f/ cspfcifjrwfEkd;tyfwJh ow0g(ynwf)ukd tmkHjyKvkdY jzpfay: vm&ygw,f/ ow0gwpfOD;OD;ukd tmkHjyKvkdY a'go jzpfwJhtcgrsKd;rSm tJ'Da'goeJY,SOfaewJh pdwf"mwf[m pkdpkdzwfzwfr&SdbJ ajcmufuyfuyf jzpfum tmkHjyK ygw,f/ arwmuawmh ow0gawG&JUtay:rSm pkdpkd zwfzwf ap;uyfwJhoabmeJY tmkHjyKygw,f/ ta'goukd arwmvkdYac:qkd&ayr,fh ta'gotukefvkH;ukd arw m vd k Y r ,l o if h y gbl ; / bk & m;zl ; ? w&m;em pwJ h t cgrsKd ; awG r S m jzpfwJhta'gou arwmr[kwfygbl;/ ow0gawG&JU tusKd; pD;yGm;ukd vkvm;cspcif&mrSmjzpfwhJ ta'gouom arwmvdac:qk&rSmjzpfygw,f/ d f Yk d arw m wk arw m a,mif r sm; aqG c spf r sKd ; cspf ? ZeD ; armif E S H c spf p wJ h wPS m ayrt&if ; cH tcspfrsKd;uvnf;yJ cspftyfoltay:rSm pkdpGwfap;uyfNyD; tmkHjyK wwfygw,f/ 'geJYyJ tJ'DtcspfrsKd;ukdvnf; arwmvdkYyJac:ae Muygw,f/ arw m ppf u uk o k d v f o abm&S d y gw,f / wPS m ayrtcspf uawmh avmbqkwhJ tukovf yJjzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumihf 'DaqGcsprsK;d csp?f d kd f ZeD;armifEcsppwJh oHa,mZOfruif;wJtcsprsK;d [m arwm ppfr[kwyg/ HS f h f f wPSmayr arwmwk arwma,mifrQomjzpfygw,f/ a*[d w ayrtcspf 'DtcspfrsKd;ukd ]a*[dwayrtcspf} vdkYvnf;ac:ygw,f/ ygVd&JUoabmteufu tdrfrSm rSDwJhtcspfvdkY t"dym,f&ygw,f/ 'DvaqGcsprsK;d csp?f ZeD;armifEcspf pojzihf csptyfotay:rSm dk f HS f l b,fawmhrS arwmppf rjzpfEkdifbl;vkdYawmh rrSwfoifhygbl;/ tcgaygif; rsm;pGm tBudrfaygif;rsm;pGm arwmppfjzpfEkdifp&mawG&Sdygw,f/ 'gaMumihf 'Dae&mrSm arwm&JUtusKd;ukdjyMu&mrSm om;i,fukd EkdYwkdufaewJhEGm;r&JU tpGrf;owdukd xkwfazmfjywwfMuygw,f/ arwmppfeJY om;i,fukdEdkYcsKdwkdufauR;aewJhEGm;rukd rkqkd;u vSHeJYxkd;owfvkduf&m arwmppfwefcdk;owdaMumihf EGm;rukd vSHrpl;bJ vSHoGm;[m xef;&Guftvm; acGvdyfoGm;w,fvkdY tqkd&Sdygw,f/ vk d & if ; tcsuf u awmh rcG J E k d i f r cG m &uf a tmif oH a ,mZOf wG,faewJh tcspfqkdwmu wPSm ayr a*[dwayr arwmwk jzpfygw,f/ cGJomcGmom tusKd;pD;yGm;ukd vkdvm;wJhcspfcifrIrsKd;u arwm ppfjzpfygw,f/ arw m bm0emyG m ;rsm;Mu&rS m 'gaMumifh arwmbm0emukd yGm;rsm;&mrSm a'goqkdwJh ta0; &efol arwmwkqkdwJh teD;&efol? 'DESpfrsKd;ukd a&Smif&Sm;NyD;awmh yGm;rsm; &rSmjzpfygw,f/ 'DuaeYqkd&if wpfurmvkH;rSm a'gorD;awG awmufavmif aeygw,f/ 'Da'gotwGufeJY vufeufawGpGJukdifMuNyD; tkyfpkzGJUum tcsif ; csif ; owf j zwf a eMuygw,f / 'D a 'gorD ; uk d taMumif ; jyKvk d Y wpfaeYwpfaeYrSm aoMu&wJholawG[m axmif*Pef;txufrSmom &Sdvdrfhr,fxifygw,f/ rD ; rsm;rD ; Ek d i f q k d w J h o abmeJ Y 'D v k d v uf e uf a wG p G J u k d i f u m tcsif;csif;owfjzwfaeMuvkdY Nidrf;at;rIwpfpufuav;rS &EkdifMu p&mr&Sdygbl;/ vlawGuom aoaMuysufpD;MuNyD;awmh wjznf; jznf;eJY ukefoGm;p&mom&Sdygw,f/ 'D a vmuf q k d ; &G m ;wJ h a 'gorD ; uk d Nid r f ; owf z k d Y t aumif ; qk H ; vufeufuawmh arwmqkdwJh a&pifa&at;omjzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh vlom;wkdif;tay:rSm wu,fukd tusKd;vkdvm; toD;oD; arwm xm;MurSom a'gorD;awGNidrf;at;vdkY urmBuD;vnf; at;csrf;om,m

TERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

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"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ jA[ p &d , jrwf a omtusih f \ ed r d w f y k H jA[p&d, jrwfaomtusifh&JUusihf0wfodumukd okH;rsKd;okH;pm; cGJjcm;NyD; azmfjyMuygw,f/ tjrifhrm;qkH;usihf0wfodumuawmh NcKd;NcHpGm usihfBuHtm;xkwfMu&wJh wytusihfoabmaqmifwJh (t"doDvodum) jzpfNyD;? tjrifhrm;qkH;pdwfukd wnfNidrfatmifusifhaqmif&wJh jA[p&d, tusihfjrwf jzpfwJh (t"dpdwodum) eJY? tJ'Daemuf tjrifhrm;qkH;aom bm0emr,Pf? 0dyemPfawGukd jzpfay:apwJh t&d,ope vkdYvnf; ac:qkdMuwJh (t"dynmodum) tusihfjrwfawGukd jA[p&d, jrwfaomtusifh apmihxe;f usiaqmifawmfrMl uwJh olawmfaumif;awGu f d hf tywfwukwfusihfBuH BuKd;ukwf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfawmfrlMuygw,f/ tJ'D jA[p&d,tusihfjrwf&JU edrdwfykHaqmif tusihfjrwfrsm; uawmh okwef yd#uwf oDvuE0*ygVdawmfEifh t|uxmusr;f rsm;rSm S azmfjyawmfrlwJhtwdkif;ajym&&if (u) 'ge (pGeYfBuJ ay;urf;vSL'gef;jcif;)/ (c) a0,sm0p (toufodum*kPf0gBuD;rm;ol q&morm;? bkd;bGm;rdb? tpfudk tpfr ponfy*K vrsm;tm; ajcqkyvufe,fjyKpvyauR;Mujcif;)/ k d f f k k f (*) r*fav;wef zkdvfav;wef edAmefavmukw&mw&m;awmfjrwfwdkYukd t&d,mr*ifw&m;&Spfyg; tusihfjrwfw&m;vrf;pOftwkdif; avQmufvSrf; Muonhf usihf0wf"roDvwkdYukd rusKd;rayguf raysmufrusm; apmifhxdef; vkdufemjcif;/ (C) ,kwfrmzsOf;okef umr*kPf arxkefaysmfyg;tusihfrSm; rsm;rS vkH;0qefYusifa&SmifMuOfapmihfxdef;jcif;wkdYyJ jzpfygw,f/
SYMBOLOFTHE BRAHMACARIYA Training (Sikkha) is classified into Three Kinds, such as Training in the higher Morality(+Tapa) (Adhis1la Sikkha), Training in the higher Mentality (+Brahmacariya) (Adhicitta Sikkha) and Training in the higher Wisdom (+Ariyasacca Dassana) (Adhipaa Sikkha). Brahamacariya is symbolised by (a) Dama (offering); (b) Veyyavajja (Service to the elders, parents etc.); (c) Observance of precepts, Four Subline State, Eightfold Noble Path. (d) Avoidance of sexual intercourse (Sellekhasutta).

p&m&SdaerSmjzpfygw,f/ arw m yG m ;rsm;yk d Y o jcif ; tusKd ; w&m;rsm; arwmyGm;rsm;ykojcif;qkwm[m wjcm;'gerI? oDvrIwxufyNdk y;D Yd d Ykd tusKd;BuD;w,fvdkY a[mawmfrlygw,f/ arwmyGm;rsm;ykdYorIaMumihf &&SdwJhtusKd;u (11)yg;&Sdygw,f/ 'gawGuawmh(1) csrf;ompGmtdyf&jcif;/ (2) csrf;ompGmEkd;x&jcif;/ (3) raumif;tdrfrufrjrifruf&jcif;/ (4) vlwdkYcspfcifESpfoufMujcif;/ (5) ewfwdkYcspfcifjrwfEkd;Mujcif;/ (6) ewfwdkYapmihfa&Smufjcif;/ (7) rD;? tqdyf? vufeufroifhEdkifjcif;/ (8) pdwfvsifjrefpGm wnfMunfjcif;/ (9) rsufESmkyfqif; Munfvif&Tifysjcif;/ (10) aoaomtcg jA[mjynfodkYvm;&jcif;/ arw m bm0emaqmif y k ' f td y f E k d ; csrf ; om? aumif ; pG m td y f r uf ? cspf v suf v l e wf ? apmifhvufeufrsm;? rD; qdyf "m;wkdY? a&Smif&Sm;ukd,frSm? vsifpGm pd w f w nf ? &T i f M unf r suf E S m ? aocgrawG U ? vm;avjA[ m ? q,f h w pf j zmonf ? arw m yG m ;rI - tusKd ; wnf ; / / wpf a eY o k H ; cg? tk d ; wpf & mjzih f ? csuf u mxrif ; ? auR;arG ; jcif ; xuf ? r,G i f ; pif p pf ? Ek d Y w pf n p f p m? ok H ; Bud r f c grQ? arw m yG m ;rsm;? usKd ; BuD ; rm;onf ? bk & m;jrwf p G m rd e f Y c G e f ; wnf ; / /
Advantages of Spreading Loving-Kindness. There are Eleven Advantages of Spreading Loving Kindness, namely: 1. To Sleep well; 2. To wake well; 3. No bad dreams; 4. Being loved by humans; 5. Being Loved by deities; 6. Being looked after by deities; 7. Not to be afflicted by fire, poison and weapons; 8. First concentration; 9. Joyful appearance; 10. Death without bewilderment, and 11. Rebirth in the Brahma world after death.

]]jA[ p &d , ? ud p u m;? *gravh v m? npf n L;pG m om;? ,k w f r m zsif;okef? umr*kPf[k? arxkef aysmfjcif;? MuOfuif;kHrQ? usihf[De jzihf? cwd,Zmpf? vlrif;jzpf\? yGm;vpfy&duH? ed,Hrqdwf? edrdwf y#dbm? xifkHomwd? OypmrQ? rZdrjzihf? a'0ewfppf? jzpf\trSef? psmef t y e m? &atmif o mvQif ? vG e f p G m usih f v wf ? tjrwf p &d , ? Ow r um;? avmbtmom? iwf r G w f p G m jzih f ? wPS m awmif h w ? qmr0onh f ? umra'0? aywrnf w k H ? ewf a jcmuf y k H ? vk H ; pk H aMumfx? ig;umr\? [Depm&? ,kwfrmpGom;? tr*aEmf? eHrapmf tusih f o D v &S d a om*k P f - od u m bJ ? rk d ; ay:wd r f p G e f ? jynf e d A m ef ? trG e f j A[ m ? pif M u,f p G m \..}} &[ef ; oH C mwk d Y apmih f x d e f ; usih f o k H ; tyf w J h usih f 0 wf u k d (rmCa'0) od u m vd k Y a c:qk d y gw,f / tJ ' D o d u m rS m ok H ; rsKd ; ok H ; pm;&S d y gw,f / Sensual pleasure are unpleasant, have a lot of misery, tJ'DodumokH;yg;uawmhweariness and defects, thus said the Buddha. )(1) t"doDvodum (oDv) oDvukd vkHNcKHatmifapmihfokH;jcif;/ Worry arises through sense-pleasures, (2) t"dpdwodum (orm"d) - psmefw&m;ukd yGm;rsm;jcif;/ Danger arises through sense-pleasures, (3) t"dynmodum (ynm) - 0dyemw&m;tm;xkwfjcif;/ [l There is neither worry nor danger, (3)yg;&Sdonf/ As to the person who is free from sense-pleasure.
TRAINING-SIKKHA Training (sikkha) for one aspiring to become a disciple of the Buddha, consisting of:- (1) Adhis1la sikkha (S1la)- training in higher morality; - (2) Adhicitta sikkha (Samadh1)- training in superior mentality; - (Paa)-training in superior wisdom. (3) Adhipaa sikkha For the arising of this blessing (Brahimacariya),one should view sense-pleasures as defects or disadvantages and one should entirely refrain from sexual intercourse.

"r 0 D & -oE m atmif tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' o moemjyKwu o d k v f ? &ef u k e f /

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/ od k Y & mwG i f uRef a wmf w d k Y o nf tm;xkwfvdk olrsm; jzpfMu\/ tEdkiftxuf avmuud k p k e f o l r sm; r[k w f ? avmuud k jyK tm;xkwfvdkolrsm; r[kwfMu/ xdkenf; qef o l r sm;jzpf M u\/xd k Y a Mumif h avmuud k twl y if rd r d w d k Y \ Ak ' b mompmayud k vnf;aumif;? avmu\ pGrf;yum;jzpfaom vnf ; aumif ; ? rd r d w d k Y \ Ak ' o moemawmf rw&m;rI E S i f h tEd k i f usif h r I ud k vnf ;aumif ; udvnf;aumif;? urmajrjyif t"Ge&npm jrwfE;kd aeygu tav;tjrwfjyKaeygu avmu k Yf S f G wnf a pjcif ; iS m Bud K ;yrf ; &m w&m;ojzif h rS rvGwfajrmufEdkifbJ &dSaeayvdrfhrnf/ trSef tm;jzifh uRefawmfwdkYonf avmurS xGuf jzpfa&;udkomvdkvm;Muyg\/ kd l Yk f trS e f t m;jzif h uRef a wmf w d k Y o nf ajrmufvorsm; jzpfMu\/ xdaMumifh uReawmf w&m;ojzif h qH k ; r&me,f a jr ]"r 0d e ,} wdkYonf avmuudkqefaomtm;jzifh rw&m;rI BuD ; jyif ; vmol r sm; jzpf M u\/ xd k Y a Mumif h rSefvQif rnfonfhykHpHrsKd;jzifh &dS&dS? tEdkifusifhrI f h kH H S k uRefawmfwdkYonf rw&m; ojzifh tEdkifusifh rSevQif rnfonfyprsK;d jzifh &d&Sd rjrwfE;kd EdiMf ubJ? k rd r d t rsKd ; om;rsm; BuD ; yG m ;vmvQif v nf ; tav;tjrwfrjyK EdiMf ubJ w&m;ojzifh qH;k rrI BuD ; yG m ;jcif ; ud k rES p f N cd K uf / rd r d p mayrsm; udkom jrwfEdk;wwfMu\/ tav;tjrwfjyK wd;k wufvm vQivnf; xdoYkd wd;k wufvmjcif;udk wwfMu\/ f k w&m;ojzifh qHk;rrIudkom jrwfEdk;Mu rjrwf E d k ; / rd r d w d k Y \ Ak ' b mom jyef Y y G m ; vmvQif v nf ; xd k o d k Y jyef Y y G m ;vmjcif ; ud k onf rSefyg\/ odkY&mwGif uRefawmfwdkYonf tav;tjrwf r jyK/ od k Y cH , l r d j cif ; rS m avmuaeMuolrsm; jzpfMu&av&m avmu w&m;ojzif h q H k ; r&m ]"r 0 d e ,}e,f a jr udkvnf;aumif;? avmu\ pGrf;yum;jzpfaom BuD;jyif;&jcif;\ tusKd;oufa&mufrIaMumifh rw&m;rI E S i f h tEd k i f u sih f r I u d k v nf ; aumif ; wpfpHkwpfckaom twdkif;twmtxd cG i f h j yK jzpfyg\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;\ a'oemawmft& &aom tajctaersKd; &dSaumif;&dSEdkifyg\/ rw&m;jcif;udk ]t"r}[k qd\/ tEdiusijhf cif;udk xd k o d k Y & d S c J h a omf apwD a wmf x D ; ud k wif & m k k f ]t0de,}[k qdk\/ xdkYaMumifh rw&m;ojzifh jirf;rqifbJ rjzpfEdkifojzifh jirf;qif&ouJhodkY tEdkifusifhjcif;udk ]t"rt0de,}[k qdk\/ xdkYtwl rw&m;rIESifh tEdkifusifhrIudk rjyKbJ ur m h o rd k i f ; wG i f t"r t 0d e , enf ; jzif h aeEd k i f c G i f h r &d S o jzif h jyKjcif ; om jzpfonf[k k f l qdi&mqdi&mvlrsK;d rsm;xlaxmif cJonfuvnf; cdirmpGm cH,xm;tyfyg\/ k f k f h kd xd k o d k Y cH , l x m;ygu xD ; awmf u d k awGU&\/ qdkif&mqdkif&m bmompmayrsm; xl a xmif c J h o nf u d k v nf ; awG U &\/ qd k i f & m wifNyD;aomtcg jirf;udk zsufouJhodkY rdrdwdkY G qdkif&m omoemawmfrsm; xlaxmifcJhonfudk w&m;ojzifh qH;k rrItwGuf aqmif&uNf y;D aom vnf ; awG U &\/ t"r t 0d e ,enf ; jzif h tcg rw&m;rIESifh tEdkifusifhrIudk zsuftyf\/ xlaxmifjcif;qdkonfrSm ppfat;toGifjzifh tjrifrsKd;jzifh aqmif&Gufjcif;rsKd;udk a&S;acwf jzpfap? ppfyltoGifjzifhjzpfap rw&m;ojzifh Ak ' b momEd k i f i H a wmf r sm; awG U Ed k i f y g\/ xdkYaMumifh Ak'a'oemawmf tukodkvfyif tEdkifusifh xlaxmifjcif;yif jzpf\/ od k Y xl a xmif j cif ; jzif h v nf ; jzpfap ]tukodkvf}rSef; odNyD; ocFg&w&m; avmutjrift&qdkvQif t"rqkdaomfvnf; taejzif h jzpf y suf I y,fazsmufEdkifygu t"r[k txifao;r&/ t0de,qdaomfvnf; pdwmEkyem owdy|meftjzpfIrSwfyGm;rsm; k S Yd f Ykd t0de,[k txifao;r&/ tb,faMumifh qdk tyfaMumif;xm;&d\/ xkaMumifh uReawmfwonf ykxZOfrsm;jzpfMuonfh tm;avsmpm xD;wif&ef k f G aomf avmuonfyif t0dZmNcH&H wPSm d t&if;cHaom rw&m;rI ]t"r} ESifh tEdkifusihfrI jirf;qif&ovdk "r0e, twGuf t"r t0de, ]t0d e ,}wd k Y \ bl r d e uf o ef pd k ; pH & mjzpf \ / udk vkyf&vQifvnf; t"rt0de,rSef; odNyD; xkdYaMumifh rw&m;rIESifh tEdkifusifhrIwdkYonf rdrd xdkt"rt0de,udk y,fzsufEdkifatmif BudK;pm; wd k Y p d k ; pH & mavmu tmPmvT r f ; Ed k i f M ujcif ; tyfyg\/ trsKd ; bmom omoem twG u f jzpf\/ t&Sdeft0gjyK EdkifMujcif; jzpf\/ G f od k Y j zpf om vl r sKd ; a&;jzpf a p? aqmif&u&m ]igYtrsK;d rS igY trsK;d }? ]igYbmomrS bmoma&;jzpfap?udk;uG,f&m omoema&; igYbmom}? ]igY omoemrS igYomoem} [laom jzpf a p xd k x d k a &;&mwk d Y o nf rw&m;rI E S i f h tpG J t vef ; rsKd ; uRef a wmf w d k Y rjyif ; xef / tEdiusirw\ tultnDjzifh urmajrjyif tu,f jyif;xefvQifvnf; "r0de,ES i f h k f hf I Ykd f xGe;f xGe;f ajymifajymif xlaxmifEiMf ujcif;jzpf\/ nDrnfr[kw/ kd
rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

17

aAm"d y ud , usif h p Of t &qd k v Qif t&m0wKwi;f wGif vuPm onf oH;k qif&\/ kd h Sd yxr ]rwlaom vuPm}? 'kwd, ]wlaom vuPm}? wwd, ]wlrwlESpfrsKd;pHkrS vGwfaom vuPm}[l oHk;qifhjzpf\/ Oyrm tm;jzifh qkd&vQif o&ufyifjzpf\/ o&ufyif[lonf o&ufyifomjzpf\/ r&rf;yif r[kw/ xdaMumifh f Yk o&ufyif r&rf;yifEirwlaom vuPm&d\/ S hf S od&mwGif o&ufyifonf tjcm;opfyifrsm;ESifh Yk opf y if omrntm;jzif h wl a omvu P m &dSjyef\/ xdaemuf oufryavmu wpfcv;kH Yk hJ k f k onf t|uvmyfytaejzifh wl rwl vuPm k f ESpfrsKd;vHk;udk vGefjyef\/ wl rwl vuPm ESprsK;d vH;k udk vGeNf y;D wl rwlvuPmESprsK;d vH;k rS f f vG w f a jrmuf j cif ; aMumif h t|uvmyf k y f u d k opf y if v u P m&d S o nf [ k v nf ; qd k E d k i f \ / opfyifvuPm r&dS[kvnf; qdkEdkif\/ xdkenf; twl o&uf y if vu P m &d S onf [k vnf; qdkEdkif\/ o&ufyif vuPm r&dS[kvnf; qdk Edkif\/ trSetm;jzifh opfyifEihf ywfouf f S t|uvmyfyukd qdcsiovdk qdEi\/ onf k f k f k kd f rSm t|uvmyfkyfonf opfyifESifhywfouf wl rwlEprsK;d pHrS vGwaomvuPm &dSaom S f k f aMumifh jzpf\/ xdkoabmudk &Sif;atmif jyef qdk&vQif urmwnfp yxr t|uvmyf kyfom&dS\/ xdkY aemuf opfyifrsKd;pk jzpfvm\/ xdkY aemuf opfyifrsKd;pkxJrS o&ufyif? r&rf;yif ponfjzifh wpfrsKd;ESifhwpfrsKd; rwlaom opfyif rsm; jzpfvm\/ qdv&if;rSm t&m0wK wdi;f wGif k kd k ]rwl} vuPm? ]wl}vuPm ESifh ]wl rwl}rS vGwfvuPm[l vuPmoHk;rsKd;&dSaMumif; wifjyvk&if;jzpf\/ "rwmt& 0dyeme,f d ajrwGifvnf; y&rww&m;rsm;wGif obm0 vuPm? omrnvuPmESifh oEdvuPm [l vuPmoHk;rsKd;yif &dS\/ trsKd;bmom omoem ESifhywfouf&mvnf; rwlvuPm? wlvuPmESihf wl rwlEpyg;pkrS vGwf vuPm S f H [l vuPmoH;k rsK;d yif&\/ od&vmjcif;rSm Sd Yk Sd "rwmt& a&SmifvGJ r&jcif;aMumifh &dSvm jcif;jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh tusKd;pD;yGm; oHk;rsKd;vHk;udk oltwki;f twmESiol tav;tjrwfjyKtyf\/ Y d hf rdom;pktusK;d pD;yGm; uGuuuuom OD;wnf f G f kd aqmif&Guf&efrjzpfEkdif/ tb,faMumihfqkdaomf rdom;pktusK;d pD;yGm;\ aemufu, trsK;d om; G f tusKd;pD;yGm;onf &Sdjyefav\/ odkY vQif (1)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

18

"r0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ Eki\/ ]urm0g'}onf ]trsK;d om;a&;0g'} xuf d f h tm;aumif;ojzifh tcsif;csif; qefYusifvmvQif ]urmh0g'}u ]trsKd; om;a&;0g'}udk acszsuf Eki\/ oabmudk 0dyem e,fy,f wkuf d f d duawGEi\/ 0dyeme,fy,fwif tedp? 'ku? k f Y kd f G tewwnf;[laomomrn vu P monf kyfemrfESifh aMumif;usKd;wd\ obm0vuPm Yk xuf tm;aumif;ojzifh omrnvuPmu obm0vuPmudk acszsuf\/ wpf z ef oE d v u P mu omrn vuPmxuf tm;aumif;ojzifh edAmef\ oEdvuPmu kyfemrfwdkY\ tedp? 'ku? tew w nf ; [l a om omrnvu P mud k acszsuf \ / jzpfpOfrSm t&d,opmwkdif atmifreuefaom jzpfpOfjzpfojzihf avmu S f a&;&mt& or K wd o p m e,f y,f vnf ; rS e f u ef o nf y if j zpf \ / xd k Y a Mumif h y&rw e,fy,f t&d,opmwdkifatmif rSefuefaom jzpfpOf oH;k rsK;d udk avmua&;&mvnf; orKwd opmt& rSefuefatmif toHk;jyKEkdif ygonf/ xd k Y a Mumif h uRef a wmf w k d Y o nf jrefrmvlrsKd;udk urmajrjyif t"GefY &SnfpGm wnf y gapjcif ; iS m aqmif & G u f & m jref r m EkdifiHom;wpfOD;csif;\ yk*vdu wm0eftae jzifhvnf; Munfh&rnfjzpf\/ trsKd;om;a&; wm0eftae jzifhvnf; Munfh&rnfjzpf\/ urmh vlom;wdkY\ wm0eftaejzifhvnf; Munhf&\/ bmoma&;ud k xl a xmif & mvnf ; aumif ; ? omoema&;udk xlaxmif&mvnf;aumif; xdkYtwlyif jrefrmEkdifiHom; vlwpfa,muf\ yk*vd uwm0ef t aejzif h v nf ; Munh f & \/ trsK;d om;a&; wm0eftaejzifvnf; Munh&\/ h f ur m h v l o m;rsm;\ wm0ef t aejzif h v nf ; Munh&\/ odMYk unhf Ny;D rSom uReawmfwonf f f Ykd trsK;d bmom omoemawmftwGuf aqmif&Guf zG,f [lorQudk aqmif&Guf&ayvdrfhrnf/ xdoaqmif&u&mwGif q&mESi'um k Ydk G f hf wdkYonf tcsif;csif;trSDo[JjyK aqmif&Guf &rnfjzpf\/ q&m\wm0efum; "rmEk*[ wm0ef jzpf\/ 'um\wm0efum; yp,mEk* [wm0efjzpf\/ "rmEk*[[lonfrSm "rjzifh csD;ajrmufjcif; jzpf\/ yp,m Ek*[[lonfrSm ypnf;jzifh csD;ajrmuf jcif;jzpf\/ jrefrmEdkifiH trsK;d bmom omoemtwGuf aqmif&uaom G f tcg 'umrsm;onf wu,fwrf;aqmif&Guf Muolrsm;jzpf\/ wdkufdkufwm0ef,l aqmif &G u f M uol r sm; jzpf M u\/ od k Y & mwG i f ol w k d Y aqmif&Gufaomtcg olwdkY\oEmef cdkifrm aom ]"r0de,} &Sd a&;onf y"mejzpf\/ ]"r0e,} tkwjf rpfay: trsK;d bmomomoem d ud k wnf a qmuf E k d i f r S o m ax&0g' Ak ' bmomESihf nDwaom wnf aqmufrjI zpf\/ G f xd k w nf a qmuf r I r sKd ; ud k o m uRef a wmf w d k Y jrwfEdk;\/ uRef awmfwdkY tav;tjrwfjyK\/ xdkuJhodkY wnfaqmufEia&;twGuf 'umwd\ kd f Yk oEmef tajccHtwjf rpftaejzifh ]"r0e,}udk k d q&mrsm;bufu jyKpk ysKd;axmif ay;zdkY vdk\/ xdojYkd yKpysK;d axmifay;rSvnf; "rmEk*[jzifh cs;D k k ajrmuf&ma&muf\/ trS e f t m;jzif h ud k , f u sif h od u m jrifhrm;rItay: tajcrcHbJ &&dSvmaom pdwf"mwfcdkifrmrIESifh todynm <u,f0rIonf twudkBuD;onfxuf BuD;atmif cdkifrmonf xuf cdkifrmatmifom wnfaqmufay;Edkifyg \/ tw B uD ; rm;vmonf E S i f h t rQ tw cdkifrmvmonfESifhtrQ ]igYrdom;pk aumif;pm; a&;om y"me} [laom cH,lcsufonf cdkifrm vm\/ xdkxuf&ifhvQif ]igYvlrsKd;aumif;pm;a&; om y"me} [laom tjrifonf cdkifrmvm\/ urmhordkif;udkMunfhvQif igY rdom;pk aumif ; pm;a&;omy"me[l a om ]ouf O D ; qHydkif} pepfonfvnf; "rwmESifhqefYusif aomaMumif h u sqH k ; cJ h & aMumif ; awG U jrif & \/ od k Y j zpf a v&m tw t ay: tajccH aom 0g'[lorQonf "rwmESifh qefYusif aomaMumif h ppf r S e f a om Nid r f ; csrf ; rI E S i f h ppfrSefaom csrf;ajrhrIudk rjzpfEdkifapojzifh wpf c k a omaeY wpf c k a omtcsd e f w G i f rvG J raoG usqHk;rnfjzpfaMumif; ,HkrSm;oHo, r&d S t yf y gacs/ tewtay:tajccHaom ax&0g' onfomvQif "rwmESihf rqefusiaomaMumifh Y f ppfrSefaom csrf;ajrhrIudk jzpfapEdkifojzifh urm wnf o a&G U wnf & d S r nf j zpf \ / ax&0g' Ak ' b momonf o mvQif pd w f " mwf c d k i f r mrI ES i f h t od < u,f 0 rI u d k ud k , f u sif h o d u m jrif h r m;rI t ay: wnf a qmuf x m; aomaMumif h t jcm; 0g'rsm;uwnf a qmuf ay;aompd w f " mwf c d k i f r mrI E S i f h tod y nm <u,f 0 rI w d k Y E S i f h r wl b J "r w mt&rd r d \ rd o m;pk u d k v nf ; aumif ; pm;ap\/ ur m avmutwGif;&Sdvlom;tm;vHk;udk vnf ; aumif ; pm;ap\/ ax&0g'ESihf tjcm;0g'rsm; \ t"du jcm;em;csufrSm odkYjzpf\/ ax&0g'onf PfpGrf;&dSoavmuf 0D&d,pGrf;&dSoavmuf BudK;pm;&vm aom tusKd;tjrwf[lorQudk avmutwGuf pGefYvTwfjcif; ]tavmb}

rd r d ? (2) rd r d \ trsKd ; om;? (3) ur m [l jzpfpOfrsm;onf "rwm tm;jzifh oHk;rsKd;&SdMu\/ ok d Y j zpf trsKd ; bmom omoemtwG u f aqmif & G u f & m "r w mud k ausmf v G e f N yD ; aqmif&Gufr&/ xd k Y a Mumih f]igY } twG u f uG u f u G u f ] igY av;udkomMunhfNyD; aqmif&Guf vQifvnf; "r w mud k a usmf v G e f a qmif & G u f & ma&muf aomaMumif h atmif j rif & ef c J ,Of ; \/ tu,f atmif j rif y guvnf ; yl y l a vmif avmif atmif j rif j cif ; rsKd ; jzpf a&&S n f wnf w H h & ef c J , Of ; jyef \ / xd k Y a Mumih f r d r d \ tusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf aqmif&Guf awmhrnf qk d v Qif trsKd ; om;tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;ES i h f xd y f w d k u f & if r qk d i f & avatmif qif j cif & \/ wpfzeftrsKd;om; tusKd;pD;yGm;twGuf aqmif & G u f a wmh r nf q k d v Qif v nf ; ur m h tusK;d pD;yGm;ESifh qefusibuf rjzpf&avatmif Y f tNrJwrf; owdorZOfPf,SOf qifjcif tyf\/ bmomtwGuf aqmif&Guf&mvnf; aumif;? omoemawmftwGuf aqmif&Guf &mvnf ; aumif ; xd k e nf ; twl "r w mud k rausmfvGefbJ rdrdtqifh? trsKd;om;tqifh? urmhtqifh[l tqifhvdkufaqmif&Guf&\/ odkY aqmif&GufrSvnf; "r0de,ESihftnD aqmif & G u f & ma&muf \ / ]igY r d o m;pk u d p igaumif ; onf x if o vd k v k y f r nf } [l vnf;aumif;? ]igYtrsKd;om;a&;udp igaumif; onf xifovdkvkyfrnf} [lvnf;aumif; cH,lcsufrsKd; r&Sdaumif;ay/ tu,f xkd cH,lcsufrsKd; &SdvQifvnf; Ak'bmomcH,lcsuf r[kw/ rw&m;ojzihf tEkdifusifh aqmif&Guf f jcif;rsKd;omjzpf\/ Ak'bmom tjrift&qkdvQif ]rd r d tqifh}\ e,ferdwftvGef ]trsKd;om;a&; tqif h } onf & S d \ / trsKd ; om;a&;tqif h \ e,f e d r d w f t vG e f ]ur m h t qif h } onf & S d \ / vuPm[m &aewenf;t&qkvQif ]rdrtqif}h d d d onfrwlaom vuPmudkaqmif\/ ]trsKd; om;a&;tqih f } onf w l a omvu P mud k aqmif\/ ]urmtqih}f onf wlrwlEprsK;d vH;k rS h S f vGwaomvuPmudaqmif\/ oabmt& f k ]wl}aomvuPmonf]rwl}aom vuPm xuf tm;aumif;ojzifh ]rwl}aomvuPmudk acszsufEkdif\/ 0g'tjrif j zif h ajym&rnf q d k v Qif ]trsKd ; om;a&;0g'}onf ]rd o m;pk 0 g'}xuf tm;aumif;ojzihf tcsi;f csi;f qefusivmvQif Y f ]trsKd;om;a&; 0g'}u ]rdom;pk 0g'}udkacszsuf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ &oudk &Sm\/ tjcm;0g'rsm;um; PfpGrf; &doavmuf 0D&,pGr;f &dS oavmuf BuKd ;pm; S d &vmaom tusKd; tjrwf[lorQudk rdrdtwGuf odrf;ydkuf jcif; ]avmb} ]&o}udk &Sm\/ odkY vQif 0g'ESpfrsKd;onf OD;wnfcsuf yef; wdkifcsif; jcm;em;\/ jrefrmEdkifiHom;wdkYonf jrefrmEdkifiH yp,mEk*[jzifh trsKd;twGufvnf; BudK;pm; Mu\/ bmomtwGufvnf; BudK;pm;Mu\/ omoemtwGuvnf; BuKd ;pm;Mu\/ xdoYkd BuKd ; f k pm;Mu&mwGif olwdkY\ oEmef ]"r 0de,}udk tajccHolrsm;vnf; &dSEdkifMu\/ tjcm;0g' rsm;ud k tajccH o l r sm;vnf ; &d S E d k i f M u\/ "r0de,udk tajccHonfqdkapOD;? w&m;od ]"r0de,} [kwfcsifrS [kwfrnf/ pmayod ]"r 0de,}rsK;d jzpfcsivnf; jzpfEi\/ trSetm;jzifh f kd f f "r0de,[laom trnfonf pmayodvnf; ygEdkif\/ w&m;odvnf; ygEdkif\/ omrn tm;jzifhqdkvQif ESpfrsKd;vHk;yif ygEdkif\/ w&m; od[lonfrSm udk,fusifhodumudk ajymif;vJ oGm;apEdkifaom ]tod} jzpf\/ tar&du Ak'bmom bkef;awmf BuD;rsm; omoemjyKrIESifh pyfvsOf; q&m awmfwpfyg;u odkY trdefY&dS zl;\/ ]olwpfyg; Edii yd#uwfawmfrsm;udk oifMum;ydcsay;jcif; k f H Yk tm;jzifh pmod ayod ynmodtaejzifhawmh jzpf E d k i f w ,f v d k Y ,H k M unf y gw,f / w&m;od tqifhodkYa&mufatmifawmh jzpfrS jzpfEdkifyg rvm;vdkY oHo,&dSrdw,f}[l jzpf\/ jrefrmEdkifiHvnf; rdrdwdkY\ oEmef "r0de,udk tajccH trsKd; bmom omoem awmf t wG u f aqmif & G u f j cif ; jzpf y gaMumif ; ckepfoHcsD a<u;aMumfolrsm; &dSyg\/ xdkolwdkY onf tw rme 'd|paom ygVda0g[m& rsm;udk d wu,fuRr;f uRr;f usiusif zGiqEiorsm;vnf; f hf kd kd f l jzpf M uyg\/ od k Y & mwG i f ol w d k Y \ vuf a wG U aqmif&Guf csufudk Munfhaomtcg ]]rdom;pk aumif;pm;a&;}} e,fedrdwfudk rausmfvGefEdkif olrsm;om jzpfaMumif; awGU&\/ trsKd;om; aumif;pm;a&; e,fedrdwfESifh avmuvlom; rsm;tm;vHk; aumif;pm;a&; e,fedrdwfudk olwdkY onf pd w f u l ; ,Of u r m om xm;Mu\/ vufawGUurm rxm;Muygacs/ od k Y j zpf om jref r mEd k i f i H trsKd ; bmom omoemawmf\ cdirmrIonf yk*acwf k f H rS p a&wG i f v Qif ES p f a ygif ; (900)ausmf &dSNyDjzpfaomfvnf; cdirmoifoavmuf cdirm k f h k f aom tqifhodkY ra&mufao;aMumif; awGU& yg\/ wu,fcirmd;k rSeygvQif jrefrmEdiionf kd f f k f H ud k , f u sih f o d u m ud k tav;tjrwf j yKaom ax&0g' ouf0if,HkMunfaomEdkifiH jzpfonfh tm;avsmfpGm urmajrjyifwGif tukodkvf 'kpdkuf tuif;qHk;EdkifiHjzpf ayvdrfhrnf/ jrefrmEkdifiHudk urmhEdkifiHBuD;rsm;ESifh EdIif;,SOfvQif kyfydkif;qdkif&m zGHUNzdK;rI aemufus csif usrnf ? twwf y nmyd k i f ; qd k i f & m zGHUNzdK;rIvnf; aemufuscsifusrnf/ usygap udp r&dS/ odkY&mwGif udk,fusifhodumjrifhrm;rI e,fy,frl a&SUqH;k xdywef;tusq;kH EdiijH zpfap f k f csifyg\/ vrf;Tefomoemtjzpf ax&0g' vnf; &dSNyD;jzpfyg\/ xdkYaMumifh xdktqifhodkY a&mufEdkifa&;twGuf q&mESifh'umwdkYonf

19

jref r mEd k i f i H "r 0 d e ,ud k tajccH t k w f j rpf tjzpf x m;NyD ; trsKd ; bmom omoemud k urmajrjyif t"GefY&SnfpGm wnfygapjcif; tusKd;iSm udk,fpDt"d ywdwyfNyD; tm;xkwf tyfyg\/ xdkodkY tm;xkwfygu vuform;\ yJcGyfdk; vuform;\ vuf&monf tp yxr bmrQrxif[k xif&aomfvnf; "rwm oabmtm;jzifrl wpfaeYxuf wpfaeY yd yd h k k xifvm&ouJoYkd jrefrmEdiionfvnf; wpfaeY h k f H xufwpfaeY tukodkvf 'kpdkuftuif;qHk; tNir;f csr;f qH;k EdiitjzpfoYkd a&mufvm&rnfrm d k f H S aocsmaMumif; ,HkMunftyfyg\/ OD ; a&T a tmif

vdIifMunfjzL"r0D&pmaywkdufESifh 'D*spw,fpmMunfwurS f h dk f jzefcsxwa0vkuNf yD Y d k f d

1/ "r0D&\ "roHpOfrsm; 2/ jzwfoef;csdefed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuodkvfoQifoD&d) (Nidrf;csrf;OD;) ('kwd,tBudrf)

3/ urmhvlom;rsm;ukd;uG,f&m bmomBuD;rsm;ESifh 0g't,ltqrsm; (wuodkvfoQifoD&d) 4/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpk ("ry') (Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESifh pkd;jrifhvwf) 5/ oEdokcokdY avScg;ckepfoG,f 6/ Ak',Ofaus;rI&wem 7/ olawmfaumif;wkdYtvSLay;enf; 8/ a*gyuESifh Ak'b@mawmf 9/ jyifytdyfrufwpfck (wuokdvfoQifoD&d) t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY) t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY) (wuodkvfoQifoD&d) rkd;[def;(om;*sme,fausmf)

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? usrf;

v,fwDq&maw

The Ledi Dhamm

by

D d v,fweAmefw

a&;om;jyKpkawm

MAHA THERA LED

(edAme'DyeD)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) rdrd\ tZwt*Fgjzpfaeaom aomwoHo&m r[mMoC? CmeoHo&m r[mMoC? Zd0SmoHo&m r[mMoC? um,oHo&m r[m MoC? reoHo&m r[mMoC-wdvnf; puKoo&m r[mMoCuJoYkd Yk H h &Snvsm;yH?k eufi;f yH?k us,0e;f yHk ponfrsm;udk aphppm a0zef odav/ f Id f S kH G d kH txl;um;- 1/ rdr\ aomw ig\em;[lvnf;aumif;? wpfpwpf&m aom toHudkMum;aomtcg igMum;onf[lvnf;aumif;? ig\ em;onfMum;wwfaom twaywnf;? t&Sijf zpfaomZD0aywnf; [l vnf;aumif;? wG,fwmpGJvrf;jcif;onf rdrd\ aomwoHo&m r[m MoC rdrd epfre;f arsmygjcif;rnf\/ xdw,wmpGvrf;jcif;\ jywfuif; G k G f J csKyfNidrf;jcif;onf xdkaomwoHo&m r[mork'&mBuD;\ wpfzufurf; aywnf;/ 2/ rdrd\Cme ig\ESmacgif;[lvnf;aumif;? wpfpHkwpfck aomteHYudk eHaomtcg igeHonf[lvnf;aumif;? ig\Cmeonf eHwwfaom ightwaywnf;/ t&Sifjzpfaom ZD0aywnf;[lvnf; aumif;? wG,fwmpGJvrf;jcif;onf rdrd\CmeoHo&m r[mMoC rdrd epfre;f arsmygjcif;rnf\/ xdw,wmpGvrf;jcif;\ jywfuif;csKyNf ir;f jcif; G k G f J d onf xdkCmeoHo&m r[mork'&mBuD;\ wpfzufurf;aywnf;/ 3/ rdrd\Zd0Sm ig\vQm[lvnf;aumif;? wpfpHkwpf&maom &omHuo;kH aqmif tcsKd ? tcsOponfukd odaomtcg igodonf[ k kd f l vnf;aumif;? ig\vQmonf t&omudkodwwfaom ightwaywnf;/ t&Sifjzpfaom ZD0aywnf;[lvnf;aumif;? wG,fwmpGJvrf;jcif;onf rdr\ Zd0moHo&m r[mMoC rdrepfre;f arsmygjcif;rnf\/ xdw,wm d S d G k G f pGJvrf;jcif;\ jywfuif;csKyfNidrf;jcif;onf xdkZd0SmoHo&m r[mork'&m BuD;\ wpfzufurf;aywnf;/ 4/ rdrd\ udk,ft*Fgum, ig\udk,ft*Fg[lvnf;aumif;? wpfpHkwpfckaom 0wKtmHkudkxdodaomtcg igxdonf? igodonf [lvnf;aumif;? ig\ud,t*FgBu;D i,fonf xdodwwfaom ihgtw k f aywnf;/ t&Sijf zpfaom ZD0aywnf;[lvnf;aumif;? wG,wmpGvrf; f J jcif;onf rdr\um,oHo&m r[mMoC rdrepfre;f arsmygjcif;rnf\/ d d G xdkwG,fwmpGJvrf;jcif;\ jywfuif;csKyfNidrf;jcif;onf xdkum,oHo&m

(Nibbana Di pani = T

(Continue from last week) Also in the internal ear-samsaramahaogha, nose-samsara. . mahaogha, tongue-samsaramahaogha, body-samsara-mahaogha, . mind-samsaramahogha, how long the period of time, how deep, how wide, etc. Should be understood in detail just as in the eye. samsaramahaogha, the great current. Special 1. The clinging to his ear as ''my ear". When hearing a certain sound "I hear it." My ear is my atta-self that hears; it is the owner, j1va-life" means his drowing and drifting away in his ear. - samsara-mahaogha, the great current. The cut out and cessation. appeasement of that clinging is the other shore of that ear-samsa ramahasamuddra the great ocean. 2. The clinging to his noses as 'my nose', when smelling certain odour "I samell it", my nose is my atta-self that smells, it is the owner, jiva-life" means his drowing and drifting away in his . -nose-samsara mahaogha, great current. The cut out and cessation-appeasement of that clinging is the other shore of that nose. -samsara mahasamuddra the great ocean. 3. The clinging to his tongue as ''my tongue", when eating and knowing the taste of sweetness, sourness etc., 'I know the taste, my tongue is my atta-self that tastes, the owner, jiva-life" . -means his drowing and drifiting away in his tongue-samsara maha ogha the great current, the cut out and cessation-appeasement of . - that clinging is the other shore of that tongue-samsara maha - the great ocean. samuddra 4. The clinging to his body as ''my body', when contacting with a certain touch and knowing as "I touch, I know; big and small parts of my body are my atta-self that contacts and knows; it is the owner, j1va-life" means his drowing and drifiting away in . -his body-samsara mahaogha, the great current. The cut out and cessation-appeasement of that clinging is the other shore of that . -body-samsara mahasamuddra the great ocean. 5. The clinging to his mind as 'my mind', whenever thinking and knowing 'I think, I know; my mind is my atta-self that thinks and know; it is the owner, j1va-life" means his drowing and drift. -ing away in his mind-anamatagga samsara mahaogha the great

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

21

&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

uf? usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

m;jyKpkawmfrlaom

mma on Nibba na
by

efw&m;awmfrsm;

A LEDI SAYADAW
r[mork'&mBuD;\ wpfzufurf;aywnf;/ 5/ rdrd\raem ig\pdwf ig\raem[lvnf;aumif;? rdrd BuHorQ odorQudk igBuHonf igodonf[lvnf;aumif;? ig\pdwf? ig\raemonf BuHwwf? odwwfaom ightwaywnf;/ t&Sifjzpfaom ZD0aywnf;[lvnf;aumif;? wG,wmpGvrf;jcif;onf rdr\pdw[aom f J d f l re[laom terw*oHo&m r[mMoC rdrdepfrGef;arsmygjcif;rnf\/ xdkwG,fwmpGJvrf;jcif;\ jywfuif;csKyfNidrf;jcif;onf xdkreoHo&m r[m ork'&mBuD;\ wpfzufurf;aywnf;/ odkY oHo&m0JMoCudkvnf;aumif;? oHo&m0JMoC\ wpfzufurf;jzpfaom edAmefudkvnf;aumif;? rdrd\0JMoC\ wpfzuf urf;jzpfaom edAmefuvnf;aumif;? rdr\ 0JMoC rdrepfre;f aeMuyHk kd d d G udkvnf;aumif;? rdrd\ 0JMoCrSuRwfvGwf urf;wpfzufodkY a&mufMu yHkudkvnf;aumif;? taotcsm ae&mwus odrSwftyf\/ / (<uif ; aom tcsufpkudkum; puKqdkcJhNyD;aomtwkdif; aphpHkpGmodav/) (u) orka'g? orka'gwd bdua0 tkw0g ykxkZaem bmowd? aeaombdua0 t&d, 0dea, orka'g? r[m {aom bdua0 O'u&mod r[m O'uPa0g/ (c) puK bdua0 yk&o orka'g? w lyra,m a0a*g? d a,m wH lyr,H a0*H o[wd? t,H 0kpwd bdua0 twed puKork'H oODrd Hom0H o*g[H o&uoH wdaPm yg&*Fawm xav wd|wd jAm[aPm/ (*) aomwH bdua0 yk&do orka'g? w o'ra,m a0a*g? a,mwH o'r,H a0*H o[wd? t,H 0kpwd bdua0 twed aomwork'H oODrd Hom0H o*g[H o&uoH wdaPm yg&*Fawm xav wd|wd jA[aPm/ (C) CmeH bdua0 yk&do orka'g? w *Era,m a0a*g? a,m wH *Er,H a0*H o[wd? t,H 0kpwd bdua0 twed Cmeork'H oODrd Hom0H o*g[H o&uoH wdaPm yg&*Fawm xav wd|wd jA[aPm/ (i) Zd0m bdua0 yk&o orka'g? w &ora,m a0a*g? S d a,m wH &or,H a0*H o[wd? t,H 0kpwd bdua0 twed Zd0Smork'H
current. The cut out and cessation-appeasement of that clingling . -is the other shore of that mind-samsara mahasamuddra the great ocean. Thus you should not properly the samsara whirlpool; . -nibbana, the other shore of samsara whirlpool; how he is drowned in his whilpool; how he is freed, how he gets out and reaches the other shore of his whirlpool [understand the remaining facts in detail as already shown for the eye] (a) samuddho samuddo ti bhikkhave assutava puthujjano -sati, neso bhikkhave ariyassa vinaye samuddo, maha eso bha -rasi maha udakannavo. bhikkhave udaka .. (b) cakkhu bhikkhave purisassa samuddo, tassa rupamayo . . . -pamayam vegam sahati, ayam vuccati bhikkhave vego, yo tam ru . . . - . attam cakkhusamuddam saumin savattam sagaham sarakkhasam -hmano. tinno parangato thale titthati bra .. . (c) sotam bhikkhave purisassa samuddo, tassa saddamayo . . . . vego, yo tam saddhamayam vegam sahati, ayam vuccati bhikkhave . - . . -ham sarakkhasam tinno attani sotasamuddam saumin savattam saa .. - . parangato thale titthati brahmano. .. . . (d) ghanam bhikkhave purisassa samuddo, tassa . . . . gandhamayo vego, yo tam gandhamayam vegam sahati, ayam .. . -nasamuddam saumin savattam vuccati bhikkhave attani gha . . . -rangatto thale titt hati brahamano. sagaham sarakkhasam tinno pa .. .. (e) jivha bhikkhave purisassa samuddo, tassa rasamayo . . . vego, yo tam rasamayam vegam sahati, ayam vuccati bhikkhave . . attani jivhasamuddam saumin savattam sagaham sarakkhasam . -rangato thale titthati brahmano. tinno pa .. (f) kayo bhikkhave purisassa samuddo, tassa . photthabbamayo vego, yo tam phatthabba mayam vegam sahati, . . ayam vuccati bhikkhave attani kayasamuddam saumin pavattam, . . -ham sarakkhasam tinno parangato thale titthati brahmano. - . saga .. .. (g) mano bhikkhave purisassa samuddo, tassa dhammamayo . . . vego, you tam dhamma mayam vegam sahati, ayam vuccati . . bhikkhave attani manosamuddham saumin savatta sagaham . sarakkhasam tinno parangato thale titthati brahamano salayatana .. .. . samyutta pali.] . (a) bhikkhave =bhikkhus,

pani = The Manual of Nibbana)

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ijy|mef;onf/

asutava puthujjano= the worlddings who haven't heard my dhamma samuddo samuddo bhasati =say the ocean, the ocean bhikkhave =bhikkhus, ariyassa vinaye = in the teachings of the Buddha who has the noble conduct eso =what the worldings say samuddara ocean, na sauddo =is not a real ocean. eso =what the worlding say 'samddara ocean' mahaudakarasi =is the great mass of water mahaudakannavo =is the great water ocean. .. (b) bhikkhave =bhikkhus purisassa cakkhu =the eye, eye-element of a being samuddo =is a real ocean tasa rupamayo =there is the velocity of wave caused vegao atthi by the impression of visual sight is that eye-ocean. yo . . =a certain man rupamayam tam =can suppress and dispel that wave . vegam sahati velocity caused by the impression of visual sight ayam vuccati =this man is called tinno = the one who has already crossed .. over . - attani =the eye-samsara the great ocean in . cakkhusamuddam his body. - . saumin =together with the waves. . savattam =together with the great whirl-pool . -ham saga =together with the sharks and big fishes that catch the beings. . sarakkhasam =together with the water giants parangato =who has already reached the other shore of nibbana. thale titthati =the noble one who has already bahmano landed on the land of nibbana. (c) bhikkhave =bhikkhus purisassa =the ear, ear-element of a being is . sotamsamuddo a real ocean tassa saddamayo = There is the velocity of wave vego atthi caused by the impression of sound in that ear samuddra ocean. . yo saddamayam tam=a ceartin man can suppress and . vegam sahati =dispel that wave velocity caused by the impression of sound . =this man is called ayam vuccati tinno =the one who has already crossed .. over . - attani sotasamuddam =the ear-samsara, the great ocean in his body saumin =together with the waves . savattam =together with the great whirlpool . -ham saga =together with the sharks and big fishes that catch the beings . sarakkhasam =together with the water giants - . parangato =who has already reached the other shore of nibba na

oODrd Hom0H o*g[H o&uoH wdaPm yg&*Fawm xav wd|wd jA[aPm/ (p) uma,m bdua0 yk&o orka'g? w azm|Ara,m d a0a*g? a,mwH azm|Ar,H a0*H o[wd? t,H 0kpwd bdua0 twed um,ork'H oODrd Hom0H o*g[H o&uoH wdaPm yg&*Fawm xav wd|wd jA[aPm/ (q) raem bdua0 yk&do orka'g? w "rra,m a0a*g? a,mwH "rr,H a0*H o[wd? t,H 0kpwd bdua0 twed raemork'H oODrd Hom0H o*g[H o&uoH wdaPm yg&*Fawm xav wd|wd jA[aPm/ (oVm,weoH , k w f ygVd a wmf / ) (u) bdua0? &[ef;wd/ tkw0g? igbk&m;\w&m;udk rMum; Yk zl;aom/ ykxkZaem? ykxkZOftaygif;onf/ orka'g orka'gwd? ork'&m ork'&m[l/ bmowd? ajymqdkMu\/ bdua0? &[ef;wdkY/ t&d, jrwf a omtusih f & S d a om igbk & m;\/ 0d e a,? tqH k ; trjzpf a om omoem/ {aom? ykxkZOfwdkYac:a0:Muaom ork'&monf/; e orka'g? ork'&m tppfr[kwf/ bdua0? &[ef;wdkY/ {aom? ykxkZOf wdYk ac:a0:Muaom ork'&monf/ r[mO'u&mod? rsm;pGmaom a&tpk omwnf;/ r[mO'uuPa0g? rsm;pGmaom a&tP0gomwnf;/ (c) bdua0? &[ef;wdkY/ yk&do? wpfa,mufwpfa,muf aom ow0g\/ puK? rsufpd[laom puK"mwf (1) ckonf? orka'g/ ork'&mtppfaywnf;/ w? xdkpuKork'&mtm;? lyra,m? lygHk\ xifjcif;aMumifhjzpfaom/ a0a*g? vdIif;[kefonf/ twd? &Sd\/ a,m? tMuifolonf/ lyr,H? lygHk\xifjcif;aMumifhjzpfaom/ wHa0*H? xdkvdIif;[kefudk/ o[wd? ESdrfeif;y,f&Sm;Ekdif\/ t,H? oludk/ oODrd H? vdIif;wHydk;ESifhwuGaom/ om0H? Av0grkc 0JBuD;ESihfwuGaom/ o*g[H? twif;zrf;wwfaom ig;ref;? ig;qifEiwuGaom/ o&uo?H a&bDv;l ESifh S hf wuGaom/ twe?d rdru,/ puKork'?H puKoo&m r[mork'&mBu;D d kd f H ud/ wdaPm? ul;ajrmufNy;D aom ol[? *g&*Fawm? edAmefwnf;[laom k l urf;wpfzufodkY a&mufNyD;aomol[l/ xav? edAmefwnf;[laom Munf;uke;f xuf/ wd|wd? wnfayaom/ jAm[aPm? oljrwf[/ 0kpw?d l qdktyf\/ (*) bdua0? &[ef;wd/ yk&o? wpfa,mufaomow0g\/ Yk d aomwH? em;[laom aomw"mwf (1) ckonf/ orka'g? ork'&m tppfaywnf;/ w? xdkaomwork'&mtm;/ o'ra,m? o'gHk\ xifjcif;aMumihfjzpfaom/ a0a*g? vdIif;[kefonf/ twd? &Sd\/ a,m? tMuifolonf/ o'r,H? o'gHk\xifjcif;aMumifhjzpfaom/ wHa0*H? xdkvdIif;[kefudk/ o[wd? ESdrfeif;y,f&Sm;Edkif\/ t,H? oludk/ oODrd H? vdIif;wHydk;ESihfwuGaom/ om0H? Av0grkc0JBuD;ESihfwuGaom/ o*g[H/ twif;zrf;wwfaom ig;ref;? ig;qifEiwuGaom/ o&uo?H a&bDv;l ESifh S hf wuGaom/ twed? rdrdukd,f/ aomwork'H? aomwoHo&m r[m ork'&mBuD;udk/ wdaPm? ul;ajrmufNyD;aom ol[l? yg&*Fawm? edAmef wnf;;[laom urf;wpfzufodkY a&mufNyD;aomol[l/ xav? edAmef wnf;[laom Munf;ukef;xuf/ wd|wd? wnfayaom/ jA[aPm? oljrwf[l? 0kpwd? qdktyf\/ (C) bdua0? &[ef;wd/ yk&oo? wpfa,mufaom ow0g Yk d \/ CmeH? ESmacgif;[laom Cme"mwf (1) ckonf/ orka'g? ork'&m tppfaywnf;/ w? xdCmeork'&mtm;/ *Era,m? *E\ xifjcif; k kH

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf Ak'\"rw&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/ aMumifhjzpfaom/ a0a*g? vdIif;[kefonf/ twd? &Sd\/ a,m? tMuifol onf? *Er,H? *EmH\ xifjcif;aMumifjh zpfaom/ wHa0*? xdvi;f [keu/ k k Id f kd o[wd? ESdyfeif;y,f&Sm;Edkif\/ t,H? oludk/ oODrd H? vdIif;wHydk;ESihfwuG aom/ om0H? Av0grkc 0JBuD;ESihfwuGaom/ o*g[H? twif;zrf;wwf aom ig;ref;? ig;qifESifwuGaom/ o&uoH? a&bDvl;ESifhwuGaom/ twed? rdrdukd,f/ Cmeork'H? CmeoHo&m r[mork'&mBuD;udk/ wdaPm? ul;ajrmufNyD;aomol[l/ yg&*Fawm? edAmefwnf;[laom urf;wpfzufodkYa&mufNyD;aomol[l/ xav? edAmefwnf;[laom Munf;uke;f xuf/ wd|wd? wnfayaom/ jA[aPm? oljrwf[/ 0kpw?d l qdktyf\/ (i) bdua0? &[ef;wd/ yk&o? wpfa,mufaomow0g\/ Yk d Zd0Sm? vQm[laom Zd0Sm"mwf (1) ckonf/ orka'g? ork'&m tppfay wnf;/ w? xdZ0mork'&mtm;/ &ora,m? &omH\xifjcif;aMumifh k d S k jzpfaom/ a0a*g? vdIif;[kefonf/ twd? &Sd\/ a,m? tMuifolonf/ &or,H? &omHk\xifjcif;aMumifhjzpfaom/ wHa0*H? xdkvdIif;[kefudk/ o[wd? ESdrfeif;y,f&Sm;Edkif\/ t,H? oludk/ oODrd H? vdIif;wHydk;ESihfwuG aom/ om0H? Av0grkc 0JBuD;ESihfwuGaom/ o*g[H? twif;zrf;wwf aom ig;ref;? ig;qifESihfwuGaom/ o&uoH/ a&bDvl;ESihfwuGaom/ twe?d rdru,/ Zd0mork'?H Zd0moHo&m r[mork'&mBu;D ud/ wdaPm? d kd f S S k ul;ajrmufNy;D aom ol[/ yg&*Fawm? edAmefwnf;[laom urf;wpfzuf l odYk a&mufNy;D aomol[/ xav? edAmefwnf;[laom Munf;uke;f xuf/ l wd|wd? wnfayaom/ jA[aPm/ oljrwf-[l/ 0kpwd? qdktyf\/ (p) bdua0? &[ef;wd/ yk&o? wpfa,mufaom ow0g\/ Yk d uma,m? udk,f-[laom um,"mwf (1) ckonf/ orka'g? ork'&m tppfaywnf;/ w? xdum,ork'&mtm;/azm|Ara,m? azm|AmH\ k k xifjcif;aMumifhjzpfaom/ a0a*g? vdIif;[kefonf/ twd? &Sd\/ a,m? tMuifolonf/ azm|Ar,H? azm|AmHk\xifjcif;aMumifhjzpfaom/ wHa0*H? xdkvdIif;[kefudk/ o[wd? ESdrfeif;y,f&Sm;Edkif\/ t,H? oludk/ oODrd H? vdIif;wHydk;ESihfwuGaom/ om0H? Av0grkc 0JBuD;ESihfwuGaom/ o*g[H? twif;zrf;wwfaom ig;ref;? ig;qifESihfwuGaom/ o&uoH/ a&bDvl;ESihfwuGaom/ twed? rdrdudk,f/ um,ork'H? um,oHo&m r[mork'&mBuD;udk/ wdaPm? ul;ajrmufNyD;aom ol[l/ yg&*Fawm? edAmefwnf;[laom urf;wpfzufodkY a&mufNyD;aomol[l/ xav? edAmefwnf;[laom Munf;uke;f xuf/ wd|wd? wnfayaom/ jA[aPm/ oljrwf-[l/ 0kpwd? qdktyf\/ (q) bdua0? &[ef;wd/ yk&o? wpfa,mufaom ow0g\/ Yk d raem? pdwf-[laom raem"mwf (1) ckonf/ orka'g? ork'&m tppfay wnf;/ w? xdkraemork'&mtm;/ "rra,m? "r\ xifjcif;aMumifh kH jzpfaom/ a0a*g? vdIif;[kefonf/ twd? &Sd\/ a,m? tMuifolonf/ "rr,H? "r\xifjcif;aMumifjh zpfaom/ wHa0*H? xdvi;f [keu/ o[wd? kH k Id f kd ESdrfeif;y,f&Sm;Edkif\/ t,H? oludk/ oODrd H? vdIif;wHydk;ESihfwuGaom/ om0H? Av0grkc 0JBuD;ESihfwuGaom/ o*g[H? twif;zrf;wwfaom ig;ref;? ig;qifESihfwuGaom/ o&uoH/ a&bDvl;ESihfwuGaom/ twed? rdrdudk,f/ raemork'H? raemoHo&m r[mork'&mBuD;udk/ wdaPm? ul;ajrmufNy;D aom ol[/ yg&*Fawm? edAmefwnf;[laom urf;wpfzuf l odYk a&mufNy;D aomol[/ xav? edAmefwnf;[laom Munf;uke;f xuf/ l wd|wd? wnfayaom/ jA[aPm/ oljrwf-[l/ 0kpwd? qdktyf\/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf/)

23

thale titthati =the noble one who has already brahmano landed on the land of nibbana. (d) bhikkhave =bhikkhus purisassa =the nose, nose-element of a being - . ghanamsamuddo is a real ocean. tassa gandhamayo=there is the velocity of wave vego atthi caused by the impression of odour in that nose-ocean . yo gandhamayam tam=a certain man can suppress and . vegam sahati dispel that wave velocity caused by the impression of odour . ayam vuccati = this man is called tinno attani =one who has already crossed over .. . - . ghanasamuddam = the nose-samsara the great ocean in his body saumin =together with the waves . savattam =together with the great whilr-pool . sagaham =together with the sharks and big fishes that catch the beings. . sarakkhasam =together withe water giants -rangato pa =who has already reached the other shore of nibbana thale titthati =the noble one who has already brahmano =landed on the land of nibbana. (e) bhikkhave =bhikkhus, purisassa =the tongue, tongue-element of a jivhasamuddo being is a real ocean. tassa rasamayo =there is the velocity of wave caused vego atthi by the impression of taste in that tongue ocean. yo rasamayam tam= a certain man can suppress and . vagam sahati dispel that wave velocity caused by the impression of taste. . ayam vuccati =this man is called tinno attani =the one who has already crossed . - jivhasamuddam =over the tongue samsara the great ocean in his body. saumin =together with the waves . savattam =together with the great whirlpool . -ham =together with the sharks and big saga fishes that catch the beings . sarakkhasam =together with the water giants parangato =who has already reached the other shore of nibbana thale titthati =the noble one who has already brahmano landed on the land of nibbana. (f) bhikkhave =bhikkhus parisassa kayo =the body, body-element of a being samuddo is a real ocean tassa photthabbamayo= there is the velocity of wave .. vego atthi = caused by the impression of touch in that body ocean. yo photthabbamayo=a certain man can suppress and vego sahati dispel that wave velocity caused by the impression of touch . ayam vuccati =this man is called tinno attani = the one who has already crossed .. to page 26

DHAMMA TALKS

24

"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

ygvmNyD;om;yg? ygrSmvm;
Ak a ' g &o- t&S i f E m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&- arS m f b D )

You have already had Haven't you ?

buddho Rasa Ashin Inda cariya, (Bodhi yakenyain Tawya, Hmawbi) TRANSLATE into English by Htet Htet Aung (Hledan) (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) tm*E K &J U uH M ur m pk jrwfpmbk&m;vufxufawmftcgu om0wjd ynfrm tm*EKu G S olaX;Bu;D wpfa,muf&cw,f/ ol[m twdwuolaX;jzpfz&ef aumif;rI dS hJ f Ykd uHawGygvmNyD;oljzpfw,f/ aumif;rIuHygvmawmhvnf; olaX;jzpf vm&w,f/ tm*EKuolaX;BuD; twdwfuHygvmNyD;oljzpfaomfvnf; rGefjrwfwJhypnf;qdkvdkY bmwpfckrQ roHk;aqmifEdkifbl;;/ pm;wJhxrif;u vnf; qefuGJxrif;eJY ykef;&nf[if;csnf;yJ/ 0wfwJht0wfuvnf; t0wf ta[mif;tEGrf; raumif;wJht0wf? pD;wJh,mOfuvnf; &xm;tdk &xm; aqG;? aqmif;wJhxD;uvnf; opf&GufxD;av;wJh/ 'guvnf; twdwfuH ygvmNyD;om;jzpfygw,f/ 'DolaX;BuD;[m o'guvnf; rGJvkdufwm? aumif;rIqdkvdkY bmwpfckrQ rjyKbl;wJh/ tarGqufcHzdkY&m om;orD;vnf; wpfa,mufrS r&Sb;l / twdwuH ygvmNy;D om;jzpforYkd csr;f omayr,hf ta>ct&Huif;yg d f l w,f/ 'guvnf; olYtukodkvfuH ygvmNyD;om;jzpfw,f/ olY&JUygvmwJh tukodkvfuHaMumihf qefuGJxrif;? Murf;wrf;wJh t0wf? &xm;tdk? opf&GufxD;wdkYudkom oHk;aqmifvdkw,f/ aumif;wm rSeforQ roHk;vdkbl;jzpf&w,f/ xdtm*EKuolaX;Bu;D [m toufxif&m;&SaepOfumvrSm 'ge k S d paom aumif;rIwdkYudk bmwpfckrQ rjyKrl aocJh&w,f/ aumovrif;BuD;u aovGefaomtcg tarGquf tarGcHr&Sd wJtwGuf tm*EKuolaX;Bu;D \ useypn;f Opm&wemawGukd rif;b@m h f awmftjzpf odrf;,lNyD;o,faqmif&m? ckepf&ufwdkifwkdif o,faqmifcJh& ygw,f/ xdkYaemufwGif aumovrif;BuD;[m jrwfpGmbk&m;xHawmfodkY csOf;uyfw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u... ]]jrwfaom 'umawmfrif;BuD; aerGef;wnhftcsdeftcgrSm.. b,ft&yfrS vmcJhygovJ}} [k rdefYawmfrlygw,f/ aumovrif;BuD;u]]jrwfpmbk&m; om0wjd ynfrm tm*EKuolaX;Bu;D uG,vevYkd G S f G f tarGqufcH? tarGcr&SwhJ ypn;f Opm&wemawGukd rif;b@mawmftjzpf H d odrf;,lNyD;vmcJhygonfbk&m;}} ]]jrwfpmbk&m;? tm*EKuolaX;Bu;D [m tvGersm;jym;wJh ypn;f G f Opmrsm;udk &&Syiqixm;aomfvnf; rGejf rwfwypn;f OpmqdvYkd bmwpfck d kd f kd f hJ k rS roH;k aqmifb;l / qefuxrif;ESihf yke;f &nf[if;udom pm;w,f/ yduqH JG k k f avQmft0wfudkom 0wfw,f/ &xm;tdk &xm;aqG;udkom pD;w,f/
(Continue from lastweek) The destiny of Agantu At the buddha times there was a wealthy person called Agantu in Savatthi. He had good kamma as a rich person and so he became a wealthy person. Yet he could not use good things and he did not have decent meal and wore shabby clothes. He took the old cart and used the umbrella of the leaves because he had already had in the past life. He had poor volition and did nothing good deed. There was no heir for him. There was no one to takecare of him because of his post bad kamma. According to his bad kamma, he did not use good thing. Thus he died doing nothing good deeds. There was no heir and so the king Kosala kept his properties as king's finance and brought them for seven days successively to the royal place. On approaching the Buddha, the King Kosala was asked where he came back. He said that he came bach from Agantu's house in order to keep his properties as King's finance because their was no heir for him. Then he asked the Buddha why he become the wealthy person and why he had not used good things and why he did not get to heritage his properties though he had a lot of properties. The shadow from past life Not using good things, having a lot of properties and not having children were cause and effect that Agantu did. Once upon a time, he became a rich person in Vessantara. One day Taggarathika paccekabuddha descended to the door of Vessantara with higher psychic power. He went on alms round and reached near the Agantu house in the city. During that time, Agantu had decent meal in the early morning and sat near the door cleaning his teeth. When he saw paccekabuddha, he wanted to offer something to paccekabuddha. So he called his wife to offer alms-food and went to his duty. Oh hearing this words, his wife was very happy and offered a lot of delicious alms-food in to the alms-bowl. She never heard such a words from her good man. When paccekabuddha came back with dawn-cast eyes, on the way he met the Agantu who lifted the lid of alms bowl. As soon as he saw the delicious alms food, he failed the volition that arises after giving (Apara-cetana). He thought if he fed this meal to his servants, they would over come the different ties_ of his bussiness. After offering, he failed the volition that arises often giving (Apara-cetana). If one gives with a firm belief in kamma and its result and if one does so with keenness and a feeling of happiness at the time of offering and also before and also before

DHAMMA TALKS
"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/ opf&GufxD;udkom aqmif;w,f/ o'gw&m;uvnf; rGJvkdufwm? b,folY udkrQvnf; ray;urf;rvSL'gef;bl; bk&m;}} ]]'Davmuf ESajrmap;ESJ o'grGJwJholwpfa,mufjzpfygvsuf tb,faumif;rIaMumihf tvGefrsm;jym;wJh ypnf;Opm&wemawGudk &&Sd xm;ygovJbk&m;}} ]]tb,fraumif;rIaMumifh &&Sdxm;wJhypnf;Opm&wemawGudk rGefrGefjrwfjrwfoHk;aqmifcHpm;vdkpdwf r&SdygovJbk&m;}} ]]tb,fraumif;rIaMumihf tarGquf tarGcom;orD;&wem H rsm; rxGef;um;ygovJbk&m;}} [k rif;BuD;u avQmufxm;ygw,f/
and after, that gift is indeed a great gift. . Ayam pana gantva bhujitva niddayissati, -to. Natt.ho me so pandipa . . He thought bhikkhus would sleep after having almsfood, so his charity (Dhana)bore no fruits. Offering alms food to paccekabuddha, he had good kamma to be rich but he could not use good things because of failing the volition that arises often giving (Apara-cetana). Similarly, Tithakumara, younger brother of king Asoka thought about it. The king Asoka became thank to Nigyawta Sarmanay. He donated Asorkayama monastery but also affered alms food for six thousands bhikkhus every day. Yet his younger brother, the prince Tithakumara did not still admire Buddha Sasana He thought all the bhikkhus might be happy having the alms-food and sleeping at good place and told his brother, Asoka about it. The king Asoka felt sorry to hear that. One day, he pretended he was angry with his brother and told him that he had to be executed after seven days. During seven days, he could have facilities as a king. Form that time on, he could not eat and sleep and be happy, got frighten. After seven days, he told his brother, king Asoka he got frighten thinking brother, king Asoka he got frighten thinking to be killed. The king Asoka told him that even he felt unhappy thinking to be killed and to a bhikkhu, he practiced Anapana concerning with Sanskhara and so he dare not eat and sleep unawarely. From that time one, he believed in three gems (Buddha, Dhamma, Sanga) and also became a bhikkhus A bhikkhu meditates both for him and for his lay people, so they could not be happy having alms-food and sleeping at good place. Moreover, they share the loving kindness for their lay people and obey the rule and regulation laid by Buddha. They meditate and preach the Dhama to attain the Nibbuna (cessation of suffering). The Buddha told king kosala that Agantu had no one who took care of him because of his kamma he did.

25

Misaunderstanding upon bhikkhus

twd w f r S t &d y f
'g,umrif ; BuD ; ,if;ypnf;aygrsm;jcif;? rGefrGefjrwfjrwfroHk;aqmifvdkjcif;? om;orD;rxGe;f um;jcif;wd\ taMumif;wduvnf; tm*EKuolaX;Bu;D yJ Yk Yk kd jyKvkyfcJhwmjzpfw,f/ 'g,umrif ; BuD ; tm*EKuolaX;BuD;[m vGefavNyD;aomumvu Am&mPoD jynfrSm olaX;BuD;jzpfzl;w,f/ wpfaeYaomtcgrSm w*&odcD yapuAk'g t&Sifoljrwf[m *Erm'eawmifrS tbdnmOfpD;um aumif;uifc&D;jzihf <uvmNyD; Am&PoDNrdKUwHcgrSmqif;ouf Am&mPoDNrdKUxJodkY qGrf;cH vSnhfvnf&m olaX;BuD;tdrfwHcg;odkY a&mufcJhw,f/ xdaeYrmawmh olaX;Bu;D vnf; apmapmpD;pD; rGejf rwfwabmZOf k S hJ rsm;udk oHk;aqmifNyD; tdrfwHcg;rkcfrSmxdkifNyD; oGm;Mum;rsm;udk oefY&Sif;a&; jyKvyaew,f/ olaX;Bu;D u yapuAk'g udjk rifvQif ay;vSLcsipwjf zpfay: k f f d vmNyD; r,m;udkac:um ]]&Sifr &[ef;tm; qGrf;vSLvdkufMuyg}} [k rajympzl; ajymMum;NyD; rif;tm; cpm;&efxGufcGmNyD;oGm;w,f/ olaX;uawmfBu;D vnf; ]]ig[m olaX;Bu;D eJtwlaevmwmvnf; Y MumNyD/ vSL'gef;ygqdkwJhpum;rsdK;udk rMum;&zl;bl;/}} o'gw&m;&SNd y;D om;jzpfaom olaX;uawmf[m vGepm0rf;ajrmuf f G jzpfNyD; yapuAk'g\oydwfawmfudk,l tvGefrGefjrwfvSpGmaom qGrf; abmZOfwukd oydwjf ynhatmif avmif;vSLylaZmfNy;D oydwuuyfygw,f/ Ykd f f kd yapuAk'g t&Siojl rwfonf oydwuyu acgif;idupujf zihf f f kd kd f k f kd jyef<uvmwmudk c&D;vrf;tMum;wGif olaX;Bu;D jyeftvmESifh awGUqHav k &m.. ]]t&Sifbk&m; tdrfrSm qGrf;tvSLckdkif;cJhwm qGrf;&cJhyg\avm}} [k ajymajymqdkqdk oydwfudk,liif zGifhvSpfMunhfw,f/ olaX;Bu;D [m rGejf rwfwqr;f tjynf&aomoydwuMkd unhNI y;D hJ G dS f f pdwMf unfvifapjcif;iSm rpGr;f Ediawmhb;l / ,cifu qGr;f avmif;vkuyg[k k f d f ajympOfujzpfaom o'gonfjzpfcaomfvnf; rGejf rwfwqr;f udk jrifawGU hJ hJ G &aomtcg pdwfESvHk;rom,mrIjzpfw,f/ o'gjzpf&rnhftpm; rap& yGm;oGm;avw,f/}} ]]igonf xrif;udk uRefwdkYudkvnf;aumif;? trIvkyfwdkYudk vnf;aumif; auR;arG;onf&Sdaomf xdkxrif;udkpm; ig\trIBuD;i,f? tcuftcJawGudk jyKvkyfEdkifygvdrhfr,f? ,ckawmh ig[m IH;avpGwum;}} [k- vSLNyD;aemuf ty&apwemjynhfpHkpGm jyKjcif;iSm rwwfEdkif awmhbl;/ tvSLay;wJhtcgrSm apwemoHk;yg;nDGwfrS BuD;us,frGefjrwf aom tusKd ;Bu;D rm;ygw,f/ tvSLudk rvSLrD a&S; aumif;aompdw&onf f dS

(To Be Continue)

jzpf vSL&m\/ vSLpOfpdwfudk MunfndKjcif;jzpfap&m\/ vSLNyD;vnf; 0rf;ajrmufjcif;udk jzpfap&m\/ tvSLqdk&if 'Dt*FgoHk;yg;nDrS tusdK;ay; aumif;rGeygw,f/ f

&[ef ; wd k Y t m; tjrif r S m ;
t,H ye *Em bkdwGm ed'g,dwd? ea|m ar aom y@d ygawm/ &[ef;onfum; rdrdae&modkYoGm;a&muf rGefjrwfaom qGrf;abmZOfudk pm;oHk;NyD;vQif tdrfyJaevdrhfrnf/ ig\ xdkay;vSLvkdufwJh qGrf;[m ysufpD;avpGwum;[k ESvHk;romr,mjzpfw,f/ ]]rif;Bu;D tm*EKuolaX;Bu;D [m yapuAk'g tm; vSLjcif;aMumihf ypnf;Opmcsrf;om<u,f0zdkY twdwfuHygvmNyD;om;yg/ yapuAk'gtm; vSL'gef;NyD;aemuf ty&apwemysufcJhjcif; aMumihf rGerejf rwfjrwfpnf;pdrukd roH;k aqmifEi}f } [k a[mawmfrygw,f/ f G f dk l xdkolaX;BuD;awG;awmovdk taomurif;BuD;\nDawmf wdukrm&rif;om;vnf; ajymcJhzl;w,f/ taomurif;BuD;[m edaj*m"omraP\ a[majymrIaMumihf Ak'bmom0ifjzpfcNhJ y;D taomum&mrausmif;Bu;D aqmufvyvLS 'gef;vsuf k f

DHAMMA TALKS

26

"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

&[ef;awmfajcmufaomif;wdkYudk aeYpOfqGrf;0wfjyK vSL'gef;cJhygw,f/ odkYaomfvnf; nDawmftdrfa&SUrif;om; ]]wdukrm&}} [m omoemawmfudk av;pm;MunfndKjcif;r&Sdao;/ awmxJrSm vGwfvyfpGm pm;aomufNy;D wm0efraysm&ijf rL;xl; ajy;vTm;aewJorifawGuoYkd &[ef; hJ f T h hJ awmfrsm;udvnf; rif;eef;awmfu vSL'gef;wJh rGejf rwfwqr;f abmZOfwukd k hJ G Ykd pm;oH;k Ny;D tdy&maumif;wdtdycg aysmjf rL;aeMuw,f[k txifa&muf f Yk f 'DtaMumif;udk aemifawmftaomurif;udk twdtvif;ajymMum;rdw,f/ 'Dpum;Mum;&awmh rif;Bu;D pdwraumif;jzpfonfEifh wpfaeYrm f S S awmh Oyg,fwHrsOfjzihf pdwfqdk;[efjyKvsuf/ ]]nDarmif wd ,aeYrSp ckepf&ufrif;jyK&r,f? ckepf&uf aphvQif oifhudkowfrnf}} [k trdefY&SdvkdufvQif nDawmfonf rif;pnf;pdrf udk cHpm;&aomfvnf; rpm;Edi?f rtdyEi?f wrdiriwawGawGjzihf ydecsKH ; k f kd I f Id f f aMumufvefYaew,f/ ckepf&ufaphvQif rif;\a&SUawmfoac:ar;aomtcg ]]ao& Ykd rnhab; awG;aMumufaomaMumihf nKd ;EGr;f ydecsK;H aeygaMumif;}} oHawmf f f OD; wifavw,f/ ]]nDawmf oifonfyifvQif ao&rnhfaeY&ufudkodjrifygu raysmf&TifEdkifbJ &Sd&ao;vQif? t&SifoljrwfrSm? tmemygeESifhpyfaom aojcif;w&m;udk tNrym;aeonfjzpf pm;umtdyum tb,frmvQif J I G f S wm0efrJhaysmf&TifaeEdkifrSmvJ}} [k..nDawmfudk vufawGUjy qHk;rawmfrlvkduf&m? omoem awmf ouf0if,MkH unfNy;D aemufyi;f wGif wdukrm&[m &[ef;jyKom; kd G cJhygw,f/ 'Dawmh &[ef;wd[m 'um? 'umrwd\qGr;f udpm;Ny;D pm;vku?f Yk Yk k d tdyfvdkuf aysmf&TifvdkufaeawmfrlMuonfr[kwf? udk,hftwGufESifh trsm; twGuf tvkyfvkyfaeMuygw,f/ 'um? 'umrwduvnf; arwmyGm;ae&ygw,f/ ud,vuem Yk kd k f dk f &rnfh pnf;urf;rsm;udkvnf; vkdufem&w,f/ udk,hfw&m;udk,fIyGm;ae& w,f/ 'um? 'umrrsm;wdkY o'gyGm; edAmefoGm;rnhfvkyfief;pOfawGudk vnf; TefMum;ae&ygw,f/ ]]jrwfpmbk&m; om;orD;ta>ct&Hukd tb,faMumifr&ygovJ G h h bk&m;}} [k avQmufaomf om;r&jcif;\taMumif;vnf; xdoyif jyKcb;l k l hJ w,f[k rdeawmfr aumovrif;Bu;D awmif;yeftyfojzihf twdwaqmif Yf l f a[mawmfrlygw,f/

rkd;[def;(om;*sme,fausmf)onf vnfacsmif;uifqma&m*g a0'emukd cHpm;ae&csdefwGif ol\ c&D;oGm;aqmif;yg;rsm;ukd tNyD;owf pmacsmukdifNyD;cJhygNyD/ jrefrmrIESifh jrefrmwkdY\ EknHh aysmaysmif;rI us,jf yefeufi;f aomavmutjrif? trsK;d om;a&; h Id pdwf"gwfukd yDyDjyifjyifrnfokdYjyocJhonf azmfusL;jzefYMuufcJh onfukd pmzwfolwkdYavhvmod&SdEkdif&ef rSwfwrf;wifxkwfa0 jzefYcsdvkdufEkdifygNyD
tassa dhammamayo=there is the velocity of waves vego att hi caused by the impression of mental .. objects in that mind ocean. . yo dhammamayam= a certain man can suppress and . tam vegam sahati dispel that wave velocity caused by the impression of mental objects. . ayam vuccati = this man is called tinno attani mano = the one who has already crossed . - . samuddam over the mind-samsara great ocean in his body. saumin =together with the waves . savattam = together with the great whirlpool . -ham saga =together with the sharks and big fishes that catch the kings. . sarakkhasam =together with the water giants - . parangato =who has already reached the other shore of nibbana thale titthati = the noble one who has already brahmano landed on the land of nibbana. .

(quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / )

(from page 23) kayasamuddam . - over the body samsa ra the great ocean in his body. saumin =together with the waves . sa vattam =together with the great whilpool . -ham saga =together with the shanks and big fishes that catch the beings sarakkhasam =together with the water giants . pa rangato =who has already reached the other shore of nibbana. thale titthati =the noble one who has already brahmano landed on the land of nibbana . bhikkhave =bhikkhus purisassa mamno = the mins, mind-element of a being samuddo is a real ocean.

(g)

(To be continue)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

27

a'oemw&m; ta[mrSm;vQif
armifqef;opf(bkduav;)
]]"rpum; aeYwdkif;Mum;u pdwfxm;azG;vuf odPfxuf\}} q&mawmf t&SifqEm"du\ tqdk trdefYpmESpfaMumif;udk zwf&olwdkif; w&m; "rEifh arGUavsmvpwrsm; wzGm;zGm;ay:vmay S f kd d f rnf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf w&m;emjcif; tusKd;rsm;udk odomxif&Sm;atmif vdk&if;? wdk&Sif;a&;om;xm;aomaMumihfjzpfonf/ "r [ l o nf [k w f r S e f a omoabm tusKd;oihftaMumif;oihfaumif;pGma[majym tyfaom pum;jzpfonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;a[m Mum;awmfrlaom oHk;yHkyd#u ygVdt|uxm #Dumpaom usrf;*efrsm;jzpfonf/ xdkw&m; "ronf *kPfawmf(6)yg;jzihf jynhfpHkvSay\/ pv,fq;kH oH;k yg;tpHk aumif;jcif;*kPEifh jynhpkH f S f pGma[mMum;awmfrltyf\/ usihfaqmifolwdkY tm; ,ckb0ypuyif 'd|udk,fwdkif awGUjrif cH p m;&aom *k P f a us;Zl ; wd k Y E S i h f jynh f p H k \ / umvra&GU usihfonfhaeYwGifyif awGUjrif,Hk Munf&aomaumif;usK;d csr;f omESivnf; jynhpkH fh f awmfrl\/ vma&mufIjrifaus;Zl;wifNrJjzpf vmyg I y g usih f B uH y g[k ryg ygatmif ac:aqmif o G w f o G i f ; wd k u f w G e f ; jcif ; iS m xdkufwefpGmaom *kPfxl;0daooESihfvnf; jynh f p H k a wmf r l \ / rd r d u m,tZw w G i f &&S d aygufa&mufudk,fawGUajrmufatmif uyf aqmifxdkufaom *kPfxl;0daooESihfvnf; jynh f p H k a wmf r l \ / ynm&S d o l &S i f v l t aygif ; olawmfaumif;wdkYonf toD;oD;aom rdrdwdkY oEmef um,pdw okcESpfjzmcHpm;odjrif& aom *kPx;l 0daooESivnf; jynhpawmfr\/ f fh f kH l w&m;awmf o nf xd k o d k Y * k P f a wmf rsm;ESifh jynhpvnf; oH;k yg;&wemwGif wpfyg; f kH tyg t0ifjzpfum ylaZmfcH&jcif;jzpfonf/ Ak' bmom0ifwdkYonf w&m;&wemudk tjrwfqHk; xm; ylaZmfHkru ]]"rpum;aeYwdkif;Mum;}} & atmifvnf; *kjyKem,loihfayonf/ w&m;em ,ljcif;onftcsnf;ESD;rjzpfyg/ tusKd;w&m; ig;yg;&&S d a Mumif ; ud k y * k F w & t|uxm rSwfom;cJh&zl;onf/ xdktusKd;w&m; ig;yg;rSm 1/ rMum;zl;onfudk Mum;em&jcif; 2/ Mum;zl;onfudk pifMu,fapjcif;?

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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w,f/ Ak'a[mMum;wJhedAmefa&mufaMumif; w&m;ukd uk,wivnf; trSetuefrvdrwrf;? d f dk f f f [efraqmifwrf;? vkyw,f/ olwpfyg; ukvnf; f d em;vnf o abmayguf a tmif apwem t&if;cHeJY tkd;cHoufoufeJY aMu;? vmbfoyf yumr,lbJeJY vSnhfvnfa[majymykdYcsw,fqkd wJhyk*Kdvfukd ypnf;av;yg;eJY ulnDaxmufyHhwm [m omoemukd csD;ajrmufwmygyJ/ tJ'Dyk*Kdvf [m vl0wfaMumifjzpfw,fq&if ol&UJ omoem dk Y jyKvkyfief;rSm taxmuftuljzpfapr,fht&m awG ulnyy;dk wm[m omoemukcs;D ajrmufwm D hH d ygyJ/ omoeEk*[ygyJ/ / OD;xGef;ajymwJhtxJrSm OD;wifhatmif/ ]]ed A m ef a &muf a Mumif ; w&m; a[majymyk d Y c s oifMum;ay;w,f} qkwm&,f? ]aMu;? vmbfoyf d yumr,lb}J qkwm&,f uReawmfowdjyKrw,f d f d As/ OD;xGef;okH;wm [kwfw,fAs/ edAmefa&muf aMumif;w&m;a[mwJouom ]]"ruxdu}} vdYk h l dk ac:qkwtaMumif;ukd "ro*FPrm awGU&w,f d hJ D S As/ aemufNyD; Ak'u olYom;wynhfom0uawG ukd? vlawGukd w&m;vSnhfvnfa[mzkdY apvTwf wJhtcg aMu;,lNyD; vmbfoyfyum,lNyD; a[m ajym&r,fvdkY uRefawmfrawGUbl;cifAs/ 'gu uRefawmfavhvmtm;enf;vdkYvnf; jzpfEkdifyg w,f / uRef a wmf r awG U wmomajymwmyg/ &[ef; oHCmawG[m 'g,um? 'g,dumr awGqDu ypnf;av;yg; tvSLcHxm;NyD;yDyJ/ uRef a wmf awG ; rd w ,f A s/ uRef a wmf u k d vlwpfa,mufu tdrfay:vnf;ac:wifxm; w,f/ xrif;vnf; auR;xm;w,f/ t0wf vnf;qifw,f/ aeraumif;&if aq;vnf; ukay;w,f/ tJ'Dvkd vlukd tcaMu;aiG,lNyD; uRefawmfa&cyfay;r,f/ xif;cGJay;r,fqkd&if cifAsm; uRefawmhfukd b,fvkdxifrvJ/ xm;yg awmhav/ OD;xGef;ajymaewm t&SdefysufoGm; w,f/ qufajymyg/ uRef uRefawmf/ / ckeu uRefawmfajymcJhovkdygyJ/ Ak'&UJ tqk;H trukd uk,wivnf; t[kwwrf;? d f dk f f rnmwrf;? [efraqmifwrf; vkdufemusihfokH; w,f/ olwpf yg;vduemusio;Hk Ekiatmifvnf; k f fh d f a[majymykdYcs oifMum;ay;w,f/ tJ'Dvlukd ulnyy;dk ay;wm? wenf; vSLwm[m omoemukd D H csD ; ajr m uf w m ygyJ / tJ o nf v d k r [k w f b J ukd,fwkdifuvnf; Ak'tqkH;trukd rvkdufem rusihfokH;? olwpfyg; vkdufemusihfokH;Ekdifatmif vnf; ulnyy;dk ay;jcif; tvsi;f r&Swo?l ouFe;f D hH d hJ 0wfNyD; enf;trsKd;rsKd;eJY vdrfnmtvSLcHaewJhol? pmrsuf E S m 31 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

30

"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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Mumyef;qkdaom yef;trsKd;EG,f0if yef;wpfrsKd;[m &THUTefawGxJuae oefY&Sif;&m a&jyifxufokdY kef;xGufvmpNrJyg/ wcsKdUaom MumawG r S m awmh &G H U T e f u k d vG w f a tmif rkef;xGufEkdifbJ &GHUxJAGufxJrSmyJ b0ukdtIH; ay;vkdufMu &w,f/ wcsKdUMuawmh vdyfawG? ig;awG&JU pm;aomuf0g;NrKdjcif;ukdcHMu&w,f/ a&atmuf r S m yJ b0qk H ; Mu&w,f / a&ay: a&mufvmwJh Mumyef;av;awGMuawmhvnf; ae(okdY)va&mif qrf;rSom yGifhEkdifMuw,f/ uk r k j 'mqk d & if va&mif q rf ; rS yG i f h E k d i f o vk d y'krmqkd&ifvnf; aea&mifxdrSom yGifhvef; EkdifMuwmr[kwfvm;/ vlYb0xJukd vlwpfa,mufarG;zGm; a&muf&vmwmuvnf; taMumif;rJr[kwb;l / dS h f tyg,fav;bkH? i&J? wd&pmefponfh &GGHUTefxJ uae kef;xGufvmwmr[kwfvm;/ vlYjynf a&muf&Sdvmjyefawmhvnf; orxqkdwJh ae\ tvif;a&mifudk rcH,?l 0dyemqkwhJ at;jrwJh d v&JUtvif;a&mifukd cH,lcGihfr&&SdMuolawGrSm awmh vljyefjzpfojl zpf? ewfjynfa&mufoa&muf l jA[mjynfa&mufola&mufeJY udavomTefxJ rSm w0JvnfvnfeJY oHo&mukd aysmf&TifpGm raMumufr&GHU vSnhfvnfaeMuw,f/ tJ'Dvkdjzpfaejcif;[m bmaMumifhvJ vkdYMunhfvkdufawmh &m*? a'go? arm[qkdwJh udavomrD;awG&JU awmufavmif0g;NrKdjcif;udk cHMu&vkdYygyJ/ udavomrD;awG[m waiGUaiGU avmifuRr;f aevkYd zGr;D eJww,f/ tJ'gu twGi;f J Y l rD;ayhg/ aemufwpfr;D uawmh awmrD;vkd w[ke;f [k e f ; awmuf a vmif a ewJ h umr*k P f r D ; ygyJ / 'D a e&mrS m ajymp&menf ; enf ; &S d v mw,f /

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lygkH[laom arGUavsmfzG,f&m&Sd\wJh/ rsufvkH; uvnf; lygkHvSvSyyav;awGukd Munhfaecsif w,f/ em;qkdwJhtMum;tMunf"mwfuvnf; om,memaysmfzG,ftoHav;ukd Mum;aecsif w,f/ Ny;D awmh ESmacgif;uvnf;yJ arT;aomteHY av;awG u k d &rS a useyf w ,f / b,f o l u rS teHYqkd;ukd vufrcHcsifMuygbl;/ 'DlygkkH pwJh umr*kPfawGukd tNrJarGUavsmfawmifhwaewm jzpfawmh wPSmu vIHUaqmfNyD; Munhfcsifaewm yJ/ arT;BuKicsiaewmyJ? t&omaumif;aumif; d f f awG pm;csif a ewmyJ / tawG U txd a umif ; aumif;awG awGUxdcsifaewmyJ/ 'gawG[m ow0gwkdif; vlwdkif;&JUvufawGUw&m;awGygyJ/ pOf;pm;Munhfvkdufawmh 'gawG[m awmrD;vkdyJ w[kef;[kef;awmufavmifaewJh tjyifrD;awG ygyJ/ vkdcsifwm&csif? &NyD;awmhvnf; bmrS r[kwygbl;/ f xkduJhodkY jzpfaejcif;[m Elemonf wpfa,muf rD;uifovkdygyJ/ rD;uifNyD;&if t,m;aysmufvkduf? temaysmufvkduf? emvm &if rD;uifvu?f ,m;ae&ifr;D uifvueYJ oHo&m dk dk f aumif ; vS c snf & J U ? vnf a eawmh w mygyJ / t&om &SdvScsnf&JUqkdNyD; wPSmyGm;atmif t&omcH ZdrcNH y;D awmh rpm;eJ?Y rMunhe?YJ rxd f f awGUeJY? 'gawGukd wPSmpdwfeJY jyKvkyfaewJh tcgrSmawmh ElemonfrD;uifovkdyJ tqkH; owfrm r[kwygbl;/ S f aemufNyD; uREkfyfwkdYvlom;awG[m ntdyf,m0ifwJhtcgrSmvnf; udavomrD;? umr*kPfrD;awG[m wGif;jyifESPf&yfnyfNyD; awmufavmifjcif;ukd cHae&wmygyJ/ ntdyf&m 0ifwJhtcg om;orD;a&;? pD;yGm;a&; ponfjzihf aeYcif;rSmjzpfysufNyD;orQukd jyefNyD;pOf;pm;ae vkdufMuwm? avmifNyD;om;rD;awGuae tckd; taiGU xGufovdkygyJ/ tdrfrufxJxdawmif awmufavmifNyD; tckd;aiGUawGxGufaevkdufMu ao;w,f/ ighom;orD;ukd 'Dudpav;atmifjrif atmif aqmif&Gufay;vkdufwm b,favmuf auseyfp&maumif;vJqNdk y;d aysm&iaevkuwm? f T f d f tJ'g tck;d xGuaewmyJayhg/ &m*eJY vSnpOf;pm; f fh vkduf? a'goxGufp&mawGpOf;pm;NyD; pdwfawG wkdvm? acR;awGw'D;'D;us? arm[eJYawGa0NyD; 'DaeY vkyfvkdufwJhudp[m aumif;&UYJvm;? rSef&JU vm;eJY tJ'gawG[m jzpfNy;D udp? avmifNy;D wJr;D u h tck;d xGuaewmayhg/ umr*kPtaeeJuawmh f f Y ajymp&mawmifrvkdbl;aemf/ taztar? tbk;d tbGm; aeraumif; vkdY aq;wkduf&rSmukdawmifrS (7)em&D ukd&D;,m; Zmwfum;av;MunhNf y;D rS aq;wkur,fqwmu d f dk

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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35

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

36

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ pnf;jcm; vkdufygonf/ ,cifu ]]tokH;cscH}} tjzpf MunfEl;aomuRefawmhfukd ]]EGm;}} [l orkwMf u ygonf/ rodrom0ifa&mufxm;aom &,lvkd pdwfjzpfjcif;rS &&Sdxm;aomydkifqkdifrI ysufpD;onhf tcsdef jzpfwwfaomylavmifrIu uRefawmh ESvkH;om;ukd avmifNrKdufoGm;ap cJ h o nf / tpyxrOD ; qk H ; rd k Y cH E k d i f & nf w d k Y u wpfazmufazmuf jrnfatmif avmifuRrf; aom ESvkH;om;ukdoem; wwfaeonf/ MunfEl; jcif ; wpf q twG u f emusif j cif ; rsm;ES p f q &&SdcsdefwGif b0uay;aom oifcef;pmaMumihf 'Pf & mjzpf o G m ;onh f ES v k H ; om; cH E k d i f & nf r&SdrIa&mufoGm; uRefawmfta0;okdY vGihf& onf/ twdwf'Pf&mrS ]EGm;}[laom ynwf pum;wpf c G e f ; u tok H ; csynmuk d pd w f 0 if pm;wwf a p&ef uRef a wmf h u k d w k d u f w G e f ; vmcJ h o nf / ypf y ,f x m;aomynwf w d k Y u jrifwwfvmaom tokH;cscHESvkH;om;aMumihf kef;<utouf0if &Sifoefvmonf/ tqkdawmf cspfaumif;\ ]]ynwfawGukd tppfvkdY,kHpm; vk d u f r ,f ? cspf o l x m;cJ h w J h v S n f h p m;jcif ; rsm; tv,f}} [laom pmom;ukd owdxm;rdvdkuf onf / t&m&m cH p m;aysmf 0 if w wf a om ES v k H ; om;rS rNrJ a om trS e f w &m;aMumih f vuf a wG U usvmaom ES v k H ; om;tjzpf E S i h f uRefawmfvlvm;ajrmufcJh&ygonf/ b0oifcef;pm&ap&ef oefYpifaom ESvkH;om;wpfck t&if;jyK&ygonf/ tokH;cscHol? tokH;csolrsm;tMum; tokH;wnhfjcif;rS&aom MunfE;l rIudk odjrifc&onf/ pepfusonhf ky&if hJ f S um;wpfckvdkyif/ onfwpfuGuf tokH;wnhf jcif;aMumihf MunfE;l auseyf&rnfrBuao;/ 'ku H trS e f w &m;uk d o mjyvk d o nh f avmuaemuf pmrsufESmwpfcku xdwfvefYwkefvIyfp&mrsm; a&mufvmavawmhonf/ vlwi;f cHpm;em;vnf dk Ekdifaom tcspftaMumif;jzihf b0oifcef;pm ]tokH;csjcif;} taMumif; uRefawmfwifjycJhyg onf/ jrwfEkd;aomrdwfaqGppfrS &efol? rkef;wD; vG e f ; aom&ef o l r S rd w f a qG j zpf o G m ;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;jzihf wifjyaomfvnf;&Ekdif jim; xif&Sm;aomtaMumif;um; Pf&nfrrD olrS Pf&nfjrifhrm;oltxd cHpm;wwfaom ]cspfjcif;} jzpf ]tokH;csjcif;} taMumif;ukd OyrmES i h f y if wif j ycJ h & ygonf / cspf a &; cspf&m r[kwfaom tjcm;acgif;pOfrsm;vnf; jyqk& rnfqvQif b0qkonfu onfvygyif/ d dk d dk reufjzef rnfolYtokH;csrIukd ukd,fucH&rvJ? ]avmuukd igb,fvkdtokH;csrvJ} [laom omref v l o m;0g't,l E S i h f ]ig avmuBuD ; twGuf b,fvkdtokH;cscHvkyfrvJ} [laom r[mvl o m;t,l w k d Y j zih f pd w f u l ; aomu trsKd;rsKd; &SdMuonf/ BuKdwiftuGufcs pDrHovkdjzpfMuol rsm;&SdouJhodkY tuGufcspDrHovkdjzpfrvmbJ arQmfvifhrdaomESvkH;om;rsm; emusifrIESihf&if; vku&olrsm;vnf;&Srmyif/ arQmvifcsuaMumifh d f d S f h f ]omw,f ? emw,f } rwG u f a wmh r d a tmif avmu oifcef;pmu vufawGUtrSef w&m; rsm;jzihf IjriftokH;cswwf? tokH;cscH wwfNyD; tok H ; wnh f a ewwf a tmif oif a y;aepNr Jjzpfonf/ aojcif;ukd raMumufrdapzkdY avmu vlom; uRefawmfwdkYu bk&m;&Sifukd bk&m; ocifukd tokH;csaerdonf xifygonf/ tjyef tvSef tokH;csaeonhf avmu tokH;csjcif; udpwGif w&m;jcif;? rw&m;jcif;rsm;jzihf pdppf &if; b0udtqk;H owf&rnf[om uReawmf k l f xifrwronf/ uReawmf\&ifxrS o,HZmw S f d f J zGixwaygufuJG rIudk zwfapzkYd pmIorsm;ukd fh k f I l uRefawmf tokH;cs rdNyDxifygonf/ wd u P

wnfNirryef;wkiudk uk,witwGuf uReawmf d f I d f d f dk f f arQmfrSef;cJhygonf/ odrfarGUonhf ESvkH;om;ESihf toufqufNyD; txufwuf&ef kyfykdif;qkdif&m tqihfjrifhzkdY&m pdwfr0ifpm;aom uRefawmfh ESpfvkH;om;onf rmefrmeuif;pifNyD; tvGef oefYpifonhf e,fy,f usifvnf&if; pdwful; ,Oftdrfrufrsm;jzihf epfarsmaeonhftjzpfrS tw v nf ; uif ; pif ? cuf r mrI v nf ; &S d a om pd w f E S v k H ; tjzpf o k d Y b0 oif c ef ; pmtwG u f avhusiajymif;vJay;vd vm;awmhrodEiyg/ fh k dk f ukd,fcsif;pmpdwfjzihf bbm0tvSukd uRefawmfkd;kd;om;om;yif jrwfEkd;rdygonf/ okdYaomf vkdcsifvQifawmh kef;uefvIyf&Sm;rS &wwfNyD; rvkdcsifvQifawmh vkH;0r&wwfonhf avmuobm0t& odr;f ykuvpwuif;pifcsef d f dk d f d uRefawmf\pdwfESvkH;u jrifhaeoavmuf kyfykdif;qkdif&mb0uawmh edrfhusoGm;&onf/ okdYaomf twdwfESihfvuf&Sd uRefawmhfykdifqkdifrI taqmifta,mifwdkYu olrxufomvGefae ojzihf aemufxyfuReawmfyiqiaom k;d om;rI f dk f dk f ESihf Nidrf;csrf;aomwG,fwmrIwdkYukd vufawGUus onfhtjzpfa&mufap&ef olru r&t&ykHazmf onf/ &,lvkdpdwfuif;pifjcif;rS &ifwGif;rSarQmf vihfwwfvmNyD; olr\tokH;cscHuRefawmfjzpf vmcJ h & onf / b0uk d r wG , f w maomf v nf ; cspfolukdwG,fwmwwfvmNyD; tqkH;pGefaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;? tqkH;pGefaomwnfNidrfrI[laom yef;wkdifrsm;ukd tjrwfwEkd;xm;&mrS cspfol twGu[aom yef;wkiukd ajymif;vJO;D wnfcrd f l d f hJ onf/ &,lvkdpdwfuif;oltwGuf &,lvkdpdwf &S d o l u tok H ; csrI r sm; jyKvm&awmh o nf / ]]tok;H cs cHb0}} ukd uReawmfauseyfcygonf/ f hJ okdYaomf ay;qyfonhfuRefawmhfcH,lcsufESihf rwlaom &,lwwfolwpfOD;u olrtwGuf uRefawmhfukd NyKdifqkdifvmcJhonf/ cl;qGwfvkd ol r sm;jcif ; uk d auseyf E S p f o uf o l t wG u f aemufxyfNyKdifqkdif olawG&Sdao;onf/ auseyf ESpfoufaomolr aysmfEkdifygap/ uRefawmf ajzodrfhaeygrnf/ jrwfEkd;jcif;rsm; xkwfjyrIukd ESpoufotm; tvkus jzpfap&if; aysm&irudk f l d f T f I MunfEl;pGmMunhfaecJhrd onf/ olrukd &,lvoawGEifh olr\um&ef dk l S xyfwnvmonf/ udpr&Syg/ ,cifuwnf;u l D d &,lvkdjcif;ESihf wG,fwmcJhjcif;r[kwf/ okdYaomf pdwfuqef;aejyefonf/ olrukd wG,fwmrI aMumihf tem;rSrcGmvkdaomfvnf; rvkdtyfvQif tem;roGm;csifonhfrmew&m;u ESvkH;om; xuf OD;armhvmum olrESihfuRefawmhfukd

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DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

37

vlwdkif;twGuf yd#uoHk;jzm odrSwfp&mrsm;

aZmfndKat; (ausmif;ukef;)
a*gwrjrwfpmbk&m;tavmif; awmf G onf (29) ESpft&G,fwGifawmxGuf 'ku& p&d,mtusiukd (6) ESpMf umatmif usiaqmif fh fh NyD;aemuf? oufawmf (35) ESpfwGif oAnKw bk&m;&Siftjzpf a&mufawmfrlonf/ xdkrS (45) ESpMf umumvjzpfaom oufawmf (80) t&G,f wGif y&dedAmefpHawmfrlonf/ bk & m;&S i f o nf bk & m;jzpf o nh f tcsdefrS p y&dedAmefpH0ifonftxd (45) 0gywfvHk; ow0gteEwdkYtm; a[mazmfTef Mum; qdkqHk;roGm;cJhaom w&m;awmfrsm;rSm tvGefyifrsm;jym; vSygonf/ xdkw&m;awmf wdkYudk tpktyHktm;jzihf vnf;aumif;? t*Fg tm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? taygif;tpktm;jzihf vnf;aumif; cGJa0Edkifygonf/ ]]yd # uwf o H k ; yH k t m;jzih f cG J a 0jcif ; }} 1/ okwE yd#u= taMumif;w&m;twKywd ZmwfaMumif;tvkduf a[mxm;aomw&m;pk/ 2/ 0de, yd#u= &[ef;a,musfm;? &[ef;rdef;r rsm; usiaqmifvuem&rnhf usi0wfoumyk'f fh dk f fh d rsm;/ 3/ tbd"rmyd#u= pdw?f apwodu?f ky?f edAmef [laomoabmtm;jzihf av;eufaomw&m;pk/ ]]t*F g (9) yg;jzih f cG J a 0jcif ; }} 1/ okw= bk&m;a[mokwf trnf&aomokwf rsm;/ (ZmwfaMumif;rsm;jzihf a[mxm;onf/) 2/ a*,s= *gxmES i h f p k P d , a&m a[mtyfaom w&m;rsm;/ 3/ a0,smu&P= "rpMumwdkYuJhodkY *gxm rzuf pkPd,oufoufjzihf a[mtyfaom w&m;rsm;/ 4/ *gxm= *gxmoufoufjzihf a[mtyfaom w&m;rsm;/ 5/ O'ge= 0rf;ajrmufMunfEl; &ihfusL;awmfrl tyfaom *gxmaygif; (82) *gxmyg0ifaom O'gef;ygVdawmf/ 6/ wd0wu= onhw&m;udk bk&m;&Sionf k f f odkYa[mtyf\[k Tefjyaom wd0kwfygVd awmf/ 7/ Zmwu= (550) paom Zmwfawmfrsm;/ 8/ tA K w"r = tH h z G , f r sm;ud k a[mMum;tyfaom w&m;a'oemrsm;/

9/ a0'v= ynm[laoma0'? ESpfoufjcif;[l aom wk|d &&Sdaomtcgwdkif; a[mawmfrlaom w&m;rsm;/ (a0'vokwf)/ rSwfcsuf/ / jA[P0g'rSvmaom aA'ifr[kw/ f aA'ifonf bk&m;a[mr[kwaMumif; owdjyKyg/ f ]]ed u m,jzih f cG J a 0jcif ; }} 'DCedum,= &SnfaomokwfwdkYudk pkaygif;xm; onf/ 1/ oDvuE0*f= okwfaygif; (13) okwfyg0if onf/ 2/ r[m0*f= okwfaygif; (10) okwfyg0ifonf/ 3/ ygxdu0*f= okwaygif; (11) okwyg0ifonf/ f f 'DCedum, okwaygif; (34) okwyg0ifonf/ f f rZdredum,= tvwfpm;okwfrsm;udk pkaygif; xm;onf/ 1/ rlvyPmo= okwfaygif; (50) yg0ifonf/ 2/ rZdryPmo= okwfaygif; (50) yg0ifonf/ 3/ Oyg&dyPmo= okwfaygif; (52) okwf yg0if onf/ rZdredum,f okwfaygif; (152) okwf yg0if onf/ oH , k w e d u m,= wl n D a omtcsuf w pf c k u d k rlxm; tcsuftvufa&m,Sufaygif;pyfae aom okwfrsm;yg0ifonf/ 1/ o*gxm0*oH,kwf= (10) 0*f yg0ifonf/ 2/ ed'ge0*oH,kwf= (10) 0*f yg0ifonf/ 3/ cE0*oH,kwf= (13) 0*f yg0ifonf/ 4/ oVm,we0*o,w= (12) 0*f yg0ifonf/ H k f 5/ r[m0*oH,kwf= (12) 0*f yg0ifonf

oH , k w e d u m,f ok w f a ygif ; (2889) okwf yg0ifonf/ t*Fw&edum,= {uedygw? 'kuedygw ponf k jzihf ydkif;jcm;NyD;? edygw (tydkif;i,f) (11) ck/ okwaygif; (2300) &Sonf/ t*FgwpfcpD wpfck f d k pDwdk; a[mawmfrlaomw&m;wdkYudk pkaygif; azmfjyxm;onf/ ck'uedum,= txufedum,fBuD; (4) &yfrS <uif;aom ao;i,faoma'oemwdkYudk pkaygif; azmfjyxm;onf/ 1/ ck'uyg|= wdkawmif;onhftpk (9) rsdK;yg0if onf/ 2/ "ry'= 0*faygif; (26) 0*f/ *gxmaygif; (423) *gxm&Sdonf/ 3/ O'ge= EIwrxwazmfusL;&ihtyfaom Ak'\ f S k f f pum;rsm;jzpfonf/ 0*faygif; (8) 0*f/ O'gef;*gxmaygif; (82) *gxm yg0ifonf/ 4/ wd0kwu= jrwfpGmbk&m;onf t&mudk rdefYawmfrlcJhonf[k t"dym,foufa&mufaom pum;OD;rsm; okwtpwdi;f ygonf/ tydi;f (4) f k k ydkif;? okwfaygif; (12) okwfyg0ifonf/ 5/ okweygw= okwi,frsm; pkaygif;xm;onf/ d f (5) 0*f/ (54) okw/ ykpmaygif; (60) yg0ifonf/ f 6/ 0drme0wK= bHeef;Adrmefqi&mtjzpftysuf k kd f wdkYudk azmfjyxm;onf/ 0*f (7) 0*f/ Zmwf0wK aMumif; (83) ck yg0ifonf/ 7/ ayw0wK= i&Javmu\qif;&J'kuudk azmf pmrsuf E S m 39 ok d Y

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

38

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ a&S ; tcgu Am&mPoD j ynf jA['wfrif; rif;jyKonf&aomf bk&m;tavmif; dS onf xdkrif;\ yka&m[dwfBuD;jzpfawmfrlcJh onf/ wHigonfwonf jrpfuGeypfMu\/ Ykd f xdktcg umr*kPf arGUavsmfaom ig;BuD;wpfaumifonf ig;rav;wpfaumif\ aemufoYkd vdu&if;u wHigonfwYkd uGeypfxm; k f f &m ae&mteD;odkY a&mufcJh\/ ig;rav;rSm uGefeHYudk& xdkae&mrS xGufajy;vGwfajrmuf oGm;aomfvnf; owdrrl-*lrjrifqouJoYkd umr dk h tqdyreaeaom ig;Bu;D onf xdueBf u;D csxm; f T f k G onhftjzpfudk owdrrlrd xdkuGeftwGif;odkY oufqif;usa&mufc&onf/ wHigonfwonf hJ Ykd xdkig;BuD;udk csufcsif;yif uGefrSxkwf oJjyif ay: ypfcsxm;vduonf/ wHigwd\ pdwu;l k f Yk f rSm xdig;Bu;D udk wHusivQKd rD;uifpm;aomuf k f &efjzpfonf/ xdkYaMumihf rD;arT;oluarT;? wHusif udk a&Golu a&Gjzihf jyKvkyfaeMuonf/ xkdpOf wGif toHt&m uRrf;usifvdrfrmaom bk&ihf yka&m[dwfBuD;onf xdkjrpfqdyfodkY a&csKd;&ef qif;oufvm&m oJjyifxufrS xdkig;BuD;\ ylaqG;idka<u;aeaomtoHudk Mum;rdavonf/ xdig;Bu;D onf umr*kPtmHaZmuyfaeojzihf k f k ,ckuJhodkY tawmroyfidka<u;aejcif;jzpfonf/ xdkpdwfjzihfaoqHk;aomf xdkow0gonf i&JodkY vm;&m\/ xd k Y a Mumih f xk d o w 0 gig;BuD ; ud k igu,fwifrSjzpfawmhrnf[k pdwfqHk;jzwfNyD; wHigonfwdkYxHoGm; [if;vsmtwGuf ig;udk awmif ; \/ wH i gonf w d k Y u Bud K uf & mig;ud k ,lawmfryg[k cGiay;aomf yka&m[dwBf u;D onf l fh oJjyifay:rS xdkig;udkomvQif aumuf,lvkduf onf/ xdkYaemuf ig;BuD;tm; ]umr*kPfaMumihf od k Y a oab;BuH K jcif ; jzpf o nf / xd k Y a Mumih f umr*kPftmHkudk avQmhavowdtNrJ&Sdav\} [k qH;k rpum;ajymqdNk y;D jrpfwi;f cs jyefvwf G T ay;vkuavonf/ d f Zmwfaygif;vQif &[ef ; \ ,ck r ,m;a[mif ; onf xdktcgu ig;rjzpfcJhNyD;? ,ckomoemawmf NiD;aiGUaeonfqdkaom &[ef;onf xdktcgu ig;BuD;jzpfcJhzl;um ,ckigbk&m;um; xdkpOfu ynm&Sdyka&m[dwfBuD;jzpfcJhzl;\[k Zmwfaygif; awmfrlygonf/ usrf ; ud k ; rp Z mwf / ig;&mh i g;q,f Zmwf 0 w K aZmf a emif pmrsuf E S m 37 rS jyxm;onf/ 0*f (4) ck/ 0wK (50) yg0ifonf/ 8/ ax&m*gxm= rax&fBuD; (107) yg;wdkY\ tqdktrdefYrsm;udk edygw (21) ckjzihf azmfjyxm; onf/ 9/ ax&D*gxm= rax&fr (73) yg;wdkY\ wifjy csufrsm;udk edygw (16) ckjzihf azmfjyxm;onf/ 10/ Zmwu= Ak'\ a&SUjzpfpOfrsm;udk tydi;f i,f k edygw (22) ck? Zmwf0wK (547) ckwdkYjzihf azmf jyxm;onf/ *gxmaygif; (9) axmifausmyg0if f onf/ 11/ r[meda'o= okweygwfusr;f vm? t|u d 0* a0g[m&wdkY\teuft"dym,fwdkYudk xyfrH zGifhqdkxm;onf/ 12/ plVeda'o= okweygwfusr;f vm? aemuf0*f d (3) ckwdkYudk xyfrHcsJUjyxm;onf/ 13/ o#dor'gr*= "r\tajccHtcsutvuf D f wdkYudk okyfcGJum a0zefjyxm;onf/ u@BuD; (3) ydkif; uxmac: tcef;i,frsm; yg0ifonf/ 14/ ty'ge= rG e f j rwf a omtjyKtrl w d k Y u d k usihfoHk;Muaom yk*dKvfwdkYtaMumif;udk azmfjy xm;onf/ u@i,f (55) ckwdkYjzihf? rax&fBuD; (550) wdkY\b0udkazmfjy u@ (4) ckwdkYjzihf ax&f&r (40) wd\ b0rsm;udazmfjyxm;onf/ D Yk k 15/ Ak'0Ho= (15)tqlqlukefaom bk&m;&Sif wdkY\ b0jzpfpOfudk azmfjyxm;onf/ 16/ p&d,myd#u= tavmif;awmf\ bk&m;jzpf atmif tm;xkw&m? yg&rDawmfwukd jznhqnf; f Ykd f awmfrlcJh&aom b0rsm;udk azmfjyxm;onf/ Ak'\ a&SUb0aygif; (35) ckom yg0ifonf/ rSwfcsuf/ / yd#u (3) yHk pm&if;wGif azmfjycJh aom 0denf; (5) usr;f ESihf tbd"rm (7) usr;f wdYk onf? edum,tvdkufcGJa0aomtcg ck'u edum, yg0ifaeonfjzpf tao;pdwf xyfrH azmfjyygrnf/ ]]0d e nf ; (5) usrf ; }} 1/ bduK0db*F= &[ef;a,musfm;rsm;twGuf ygwdarmuf? odumyk'f (227) yg; yg0ifonf/ 2/ bduKeD0db*F= &[ef;rdef;rrsm;twGuf ygwd armuf? odumyk'f (307) yg; yg0ifonf/ 3/ r[m0*= oHCtzGJU0if &[ef;rsm;vdkufem& rnhf usi0wfrsm;? vkyenf;vky[efrsm;udk tcef; fh f f aygif; (10) ckjzihf azmfjyxm;onf/ 4/ plV0*= oHCtzGJUtpnf;ESihfywfoufaom pnf;rsOf;Oya'wdkYudk tcef; (12) ckjzihf azmfjy xm;onf/

39

5/ y&d0g&= 0denf;odumyk'fwdkYudk usufrSwfvdk aom omoemh0efxrf;wdkYtwGuf tusOf;csKyf jyKpkxm;aom usrf;jzpfonf/ ]]tbd " r m (7) usrf ; }} 1/ "ro*FP= tydi;f (4) ydi;f cGjJ cm;vsuf ouf&dS D k k oufrJh "rtm;vHk;wdkY\ emrfobm0? kyfobm 0wdkYudk a&wGufjyxm;onf/ pdwf? apwoduf? kyfwdkYudk ukov? tukov? tAsmuwwnf; [laom rmwdumrsm;t& cGjJ crf;azmfjyxm;onf/ 2/ 0db*F= "rwdkY\ t"dym,fudk cGJjcrf;a0zefjy xm;aom 0db*Fac: tzGifhaygif; (18) ck yg0if onf/ 3/ "mwkuxm= y&rw"rwdkYudk u@ (14) ck cGJjcm;um 0de, (4) yg;wdkYjzihf tus,fw0ihf Edi;f ,SOjf yxm;onf/ I 4/ yk*vynwd= u@BuD; (10) wdkY (1) rS (10) txd ta&twGuf&Sdaomyk*dKvftrsdK;rsdK; wdkYudk eda'otvkduf xnhfoGif;xm;onf/ 5/ uxm0wK= Ak'bmom*dkPf;cGJrsm;\ t,l 0g'rsm;udk pkaygif;wifjyxm;onf/ 0*faygif; (23) ckjzihf ax&m0g'rS okwtaxmuf f txm; (500) ESihf? wyg;aom0g'rS okwfaygif; (500) wdkYudk EdIif;,SOfwifjyxm;onf/ 6/ y|me= "rtElavmr ponfwdkY y|me paom y|mef; (6) yg;wdkYjzihf yGm;tyfonfjzpf (24) yg;aom y|mef;ud&onf/ y|mef;wpfyg; k pD y#dp0g&paom 0g& (7) yg;wdkYjzihf wefqm qifxm;onf/ ]]yd # uoH k ; yH k aemuf q uf w G J u srf ; rsm;}} 1/ aewdusrf;= "ra&;&mESihfywfoufaom a0g[m&ESihft"dym,fwdkYudk &Sif;vif;azmfjyxm; onf/ 2/ ay#aumya'ousr;f = yd#uoH;k yH aumif;Ed;k k &m&m tcsuftvufwdkYudk aygif;pkazmfjyxm; onf/ 3/ rdvdEynm= yd#uawmfwGif tus,fw0ifh yg&Sdaom owd? orm"d? ynm paomtusihf w&m;rsm;udk? za0'em paomtjzpfw&m; rsm;udk aphpyfaocsmpGm tar;tajzrsm;jzihf wifjyxm;onf/ &nfTef;/ / EdIufEdIufcRwfcRwfar;wwfaom uReawmf\nDi,f armifNir;f csr;f ESiwuG odvkd f d fh &if;qE&Sdolrsm;twGuf/ 0efcHcsuf/ / ykodrfNrdKU? oD&d"rygv? Oygoum tzGJU\ "r'geukodkvfawmfrS &,lygonf/ aZmf n d K at; (ausmif ; uk e f ; )

jA[Hp&d,H- jA[p&d,H/ jA[H-jrwfaom? p&d,H- jrwf a omtusih f o nf r*F v mjzpf o nf / tusih f w nf ; / jrwfaomtusifhudkusihfjcif;onf BuD;yGm;csrf;oma&;tppf jA[p&d,H- jrwfaomtusihf/ jA[p&d,qdkaom jrwfaom r*Fvmjzpfygw,f/ tb,faMumifhqdkygaomf? udk,fusihfodum&Sd&SdeJY tusih f j zpf y gw,f / aumif;usdK;csrf;omzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufapEdkifzdkY&mtaMumif;&if;jzpfwJhtwGuf
To undertake the noble practice (Brahmacariyan) Brahmacariya means chastity or leading a Noble life. The Noble Practice. aMumifh jzpfygw,f/

pif M u,f j rih f j rwf o l yk * d K vf w d k Y \ tusih f jA[p&d,qdkwJhygVdyk'f&JUteuft"dym,f[m? jA[p&d,jrwfaomtusiukd t"duxm;Ny;D usiaqmifaeMuwJh pifMu,f jrihjf rwfwhJ fh fh t&d,myk*dKvfwdkY&JUb0udk &nfTef;wJhtjyif? tJ'Dt&d,myk*dKvfwdkY&JU usihfpOf"rtwdkif; vdkufemusihfaqmifwmvdkY qdkygw,f/ pifMu,fjrihjf rwfaomt&d,myk*Kd vw&UJ tusiukd pdppfavhvm f Ykd fh MunhfIwJhtcgrSm av;rsdK;av;pm;cGJjcm;NyD; awGU&SdMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'D

432109876543210987654321 432109876543210987654321
THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

jrwfaomtusiukd usijfh cif;onf r*Fvmrnf\/ fh

By Dhamma Vi-ra Thandar Aung , ITBM University, Yangon.

To practise the Noble Practice is a Blessing

" r 0D & - o Em atmif av;rsdK;av;pm;wdrm? arxkera&SmifMuOfjcif; (arxke0d&wd jA[p&d,)? Yk S f S a&mifh&Jwif;wdrf NcdK;NcHjcif;tm;jzihf? udavomtylrsm; Nidrf;at;oGm; atmif &[ef;w&m;udom usiaqmiftm;xkwjf cif; (orPjA[p&d,)? k fh jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum;awmfrlwJhvrf;pOf"rtwkdif; usihfaqmifjcif; f Ykd fh k fh (omoemhjA[p&d,)? t&d,myk*Kd vw\ usipOf"rtwdi;f usiaqmif tm;xkwfjcif; (r*jA[Pp&d,)/ tJ'DusihfpOf"rawGxJu yxroHk;rsdK; wdkY[m tckwifjywJh jA[p&d,qdkwJh jrwfaomtusihfw&m;&JU yxrydkif; rSm yg0ifNy;D ? aemufq;kH usipOf"ruawmh t&d,mwdotyfwhJ opmw&m; fh Yk d udk odjrifjcif;qdkwJh (t&d,op'e) tydkif;yJjzpfygw,f/
The Noble Practice- Brahmacariya Brahmacariya means chastity or leading a Noble life. The Noble Practice is classified into Four Categories, such as to refrain from sexual intercourse (Methunavirati Brahmacariya), the asectic practice of extinguishing defilements (Samanabrah. macariya), to practise according to the Teaching (Sasanabrahmacariya), and practice of the Noble Path (Maggabrahmacariya). The first three are included herein this blessing, whereas the last one will constitute the next, that is, Ariyasaccadassana Blessing.

Noble Practice is a blessing To practise the Noble Practic is a blessing, because it is wholesome, and it is the cause of welfare and development.

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