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Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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pkd;&drfNyD; trsKd;orD; y#doaEwnfaomtcg olrtm; ajym&eftoday;xm;onf/ oaEwnf aomtcg uk,0efusaq;wkuauR;\/ ESpBf urf d f d f d wkdifwkdif uav;zsufcscJh&m aemuftBudrfwGif ukd,f0ef&ifhrmaeojzifh ysufrusbJ rdcifa&m uav;ygaoqkH;oGm;cJhonf/ trsKd ; orD ; onf aoqk H ; cgeD ; wG i f usdefpmqkdcJhonf/ usdefpmrSm- ]]igaovQif bDv;l rjzpfNy;D rde;f r\om;orD;rsm;ukd pm;Ekif d oljzpf&ygapom;}} [l\/ bDvl;rrjzpfaomfvnf; tdrfwGif yif aMumifrjzpfvm\/ r,m;jzpfol\ ,kwfrm&ufpufaom pdwftBuHukdodoGm;aom vifa,musfm;onf r,m;tm; dkufESufojzihf r,m;vnf; aoqkH; oGm;\/ r,m;onf aoNy;D aemuf tdrrmyif f S Muufrvmjzpf\/ usdefpmqkawmif;twkdif; aMumifr onf MuufrOwkdif; okH;Budrfwkdifwkdif pm;ypf\/ Muufruvnf; wwd,tBuraocg d f eD;wGif aMumifrESihfarG;zGm;vmaomol\ om;orD;rsm;ukd pm;Ekdifoljzpf&ygapom;[k qkawmif;usdefpmqkdvkdufjyefonf/ odjYk zihMf uufru usm;opfr jzpfvmNy;D aMumifru orifr jzpfjyef\/ usm;opfronf orifr arG;orQom;orD;rsm;ukd pm;ypf\/

FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ xkdYtjyif qif;&J'kursm;ukd z,f&Sm; ay;Ekdifaom o&P*kHokH;yg;\ aus;Zl;BuD;rm;ykH awGum; ajrmufjrm;pGm&Sdacsonf/ udoma*gwrDac: rdcifwpfa,muf onf olr\rwfwwfajy;t&G,f om;i,fav; aoqkH;oGm;&m ,lusHK;r& tylvkH;<u 'kutBuD; tus,f a &muf c J h o nf / ]aojcif ; } [l a om a0g[m&ES i h f vl a ojcif ; taMumif ; t&muk d rawGUrBuKHzl;bJ ukd,fqif;&J pdwfqif;&JBuD; pG m a&muf c J h o nf / ]uRef r \om;av;uk d aq;uk o ay;Muyg? touf j yef & S i f a tmif vk y f a y;Muyg}} [k wpmpm atmf [ pf & if ; vrf;ay:rSm avQmufajy;aecJh onf/ todPfynmESihfjynfpkHNyD; olrukd oem;Muifemrdolwpfa,mufu Tefjyvkduf ojzihf Ak'b&m;xHoa&mufom;onf/ Ak'b&m; k Ydk G k xHrS ]raoaq;} ukdawmif;onf/ bk&m;&Sifu olrtm; w&m;jyum u,fwifay;awmfrlvkd ojzihf ]]csporD; wpfBurwpfcgrQ vlraozl;wJh f d f tdrfrS rkefnif;aphukd&Smyg/ tJ'Drkefnif;aphukd wkdufauR;vQif oif\om;i,fav; jyefvnf touf&Sifvmygvdrhfrnf}} [k rdefYawmfrlvkduf avonf/ ud o ma*gwrD o nf wpf t d r f 0 if wpftdrfxGuf rkefnif;aphukd&SmcJh&m rkefnif;aph &&S d a omf v nf ; vl r aozl ; aomtd r f u m; wpftdrfrQr&Sd/ wpfcsKdUtdrfu om;orD;awG rsm;pG m ao uk e f N yD / wpf c sKd U rS m tarao? tazao/ wpfcsKUd uawmh vifav? r,m;ao/ wGif a*gwrD\ OD;acgif;xJwGif todPf wpfcsuf vif;vufoGm;onf/ ]]aMomf aojcif; w&m;qkdwm b,folukdrQ rnmwmwwfwJh oabmw&m;BuD ; ygvm;}} [k od o G m ;um om;aoukdpGefYypfum bduKeD 0wfcJhavonf/ Oyk o f t d r f w G i f qD r D ; xG e f ; n d & if ; rD;t&Sdefjzpfay:rI? aysmufysufoGm;rIukd IrSwf qif j cif v k d u f & m jzpf y suf f j rif c J h a vonf / Ak'bk&m; u-a,mp 0owH ZDa0? tyH trwH y'H/ {um[H ZD0dwH aoa,sm? yawm trwH y'H/ ("ry'? *gxm-114) tMuif o l o nf aojcif ; uif ; &m (trw)ukd rodrjrifbJ tESpfwpf&mae&jcif; xuf aojcif;w&m;udk aumif;pGmqifjcifojd rif um (w&m;xl;&&Sdum) wpf&ufrQom ae&jcif; u jrwfay\/ Ak'bk&m;&Sifu w&m;"rjzihf a[mjy awmfr&m udoma*gwrDax&Donf t&[wr*f l zkdvfaygufum &[EmtjzpfokdY a&mufcJhyg ownf;/ o&P*k(Ak'Ei"r)u 'kua&mufae H S hf ol u k d u,f w if v k d u f j cif ; yif j zpf a vonf / o&P*kH ukd,fvkH;NcKH w&m;tod ukd,f0,f &SdMuygap/ tTe;f -"ry'a'oemawmf earmor m or K ' b' E Z ed E o m&

Ak'*wum D d
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) r[m"e 0gPd Z 0w K

Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0wdjynf aZw0efausmif;awmf aeawmfrlaomtcg Am&mPoDjynfrS om0wdjynfokdY t0wfykqkd; a&mif;jcif;iSmvmaom r[m"eukeonf onf f ukefrpGefaomaMumihf om0wdjynfwGifyif aqmif; v rkd;v ywfvkH; aeOD;tHh[k BuH\/ bk&m;&Sionf qGr;f cH<uawmfrpOf xkueonf f l d k f tBuH u k d od a wmf r l NyKH ; awmf r l o nf / NyKH;awmfrlaom taMumif;ukd &SiftmeEm avQmuf o nf w G i f tmeE m ..r[m"e ukefonfonf ckepf&ufvnfvQif aornf jzpfvsuf tE&m,fukdrod/ aqmif;v aEGv rk;d vywfv;Hk t&yfwiaetHh Buavonf[k G f H rdefYawmfrl&m &SiftmeEmonf taMumif;ukd uk e f o nf t m; ajym\/ uk e f o nf v nf ; xd w f v ef Y o nf j zpf bk & m;trS L ;&S d a om oHCmukdyifh qGrf;auR;\/ bk&m;&Sifonf qGrf;bkOf;ay;NyD;aomf tEkarm'emjyKjcif;iSm ]]" 0H 0d o mrd } } paom*gxmuk d a[mawmfrl onf/ r[m"eukefonfonf aomwmyefjzpf ckepf&ufvnfvQif (OD;,Of;) acgif;cJemjzifhaovGef wkodwm ewfjynf jzpfav\/ " 0H 0odmrd? " a[rE*drSdok/ wd Amavm 0dpdaEwd? tE&m,H e AkZwd/ jref r muAsm t&yfa'o rkd;vtcg? t&yfu aqmif;vaEGrSm? igaernf[k rkdufolBuH&Sm? toufab; awG;rodyg/
Here will I live in the rains, here in the autumn and the summer : thus the fool muses. He realizes not the danger (of death).

apwD ykxkd; ausmif; "rmkH toD;oD;wkdYwGif ukokdvf,l aqmif&uaeMuolrsm;twGuf G f wuovoQio&(r[mo'raZmwdu"Z) a&;om;aom dk f f D d a*gyuESihf Ak'b@mawm pmtkyxuNf yD @mawmf f G
pmrlcGifhjyKcsuftrSwf rsufESmzkH;zGifhjyKcsuftrSwf 3207461107 3203320708

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

omuD0ifwdkY\b0ESihf uydv0wfEdkifiHawmf
f P(zs H &SiP(zsmyk)
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tyd k i f ; (2) Am&mPoDjynfrS rkqdk;wpfa,muf onf awmvnf&if; [dr0EmawmifteD;tyg; a&muf&Sdvm&mrS &mrrif;BuD;udk awGU&SdoGm;NyD; rSwfrdojzihf rif;BuD;tm; vma&mufOD;wdkufav onf / xd k t cg &mrrif ; BuD ; u Am&mPoD aejynfawmftajctaeudk ar;jref;pl;prf;&if; rk q d k ; avQmuf x m;csuf u d k em;axmif a epOf om;awmf(32)a,mufudk jrifawGUoGm;ojzihf rkq;kd u ar;jref;avQmufxm;&m rif;Bu;D u ol\ om;awmfrsm;jzpfaMumif;ESihf jzpfpOfudk rdefYMum; ajymqdkvdkuf\/ rkqdk;vnf; &mrrif;BuD;udk EIwfqufuefawmhNyD;aemuf Am&mPoDjynfodkY jyefoGm;cJhavonf/ rk q d k ; onf Am&mPoD j ynf o d k Y jyef v nf a &muf & S d v maomtcg &mrrif ; \ om;BuD ; jzpf o l Am&mPoD r if ; tm; if ; \ crnf;awmf &mrrif;ESihfawGUcJhyHktaMumif;udk avQmuf x m;avonf / crnf ; awmf \ owif ; ud k M um;&vQif Am&mPoD r if ; onf rkqdk;tm; vrf;jyapvsuf crnf;awmfrif;xH oGm;a&mufum Am&mPoD jyefvnfrif;jyK&ef avQmufxm;cJh\/ odkY&mwGif &mrrif;BuD;u Am&mPoD o d k Y rvd k u f v d k a wmh a Mumif ; ES i h f uavmyifBuD;wnf&Sd&m ae&m NrdKUopf? eef;opfwnfaxmifay;apvdaMumif; ajymMum; k ojzihf om;awmfBu;D Am&mPoDrif; onf if;\ crnf;awmfeMf um;onftwki;f uavmyifBu;D T h d wnf&m [dr0Emawmifajca'owGif NrdKUopf eef;opfwnfaxmifay;cJhavonf/ crnf ; awmf & mrrif ; aexd k i f & m uavmyifudk z,f&Sm; NrdKUwnf&aomaMumihf ]aumvd , Nrd K U? aumvd , jynf } [l vnf ; aumif;? usm;rsm;oGm;&mvrf;aMumif;ay: NrKd Uwnf&aomaMumihf As*yZNrKd U[kvnf;aumif; om;awmfBu;D Am&mPoDrif;ESifh rSL;rwftaygif; wdkYu emrnfay;cJhMu\/ NrdKUawmfwnfay;cJhNyD; aemuf &mrrif;BuD;\ om;awmf Am&mPoD rif;onf crnf;awmfrif;BuD;tm; dkaopGm uefawmhNyD; Am&mPoDjynfodkY jyefavonf/

yD,mrif;orD;BuD;onf om;awmf (32) a,muf t &G , f a &muf M uaomtcg om;awmfrsm;\ OD;&D;awmfjzpfaom omuD0if rif ; wd k Y \ orD ; rsm;taMumif ; ajymjyvsuf ESpouf&mrif;orD;rsm;udk oGm;a&muf,aqmif f l Mu&ef oifjyTefMum;ay;cJhonf/ r,fawmf TeMf um;onftwki;f om;awmf(32)a,mufwYkd h d uvnf; omuD0ifrif;ord;rsm; a&csKd;&m a&csKd; qdyoom;a&mufMunhMI uNy;D olwEpouf&m f Ykd G f Ykd S f rif;orD;rsm;udkac:,lcJhMuonf/ orD ; awmf r sm;taMumif ; Mum;od & vQif omuD0ifrif;rsm; pHkprf;&m orD;awmfwdkYudk ac:aqmifoGm;ol rif;om;i,fwdkYrSm trawmf BuD; yd,m\ om;awmfrsm;jzpfaMumif; od&SdMu & oabmwl MunfjzLcJhMuavonf/ ous rsKd;EG,fESihfaumvd,rsKd;EG,fwdkYonf odkYvQif armifESrcsif;vufxyfxdrf;jrm;cJhaom tpOf tvmrSm bk&m;tavmif;awmf od'wrif;vuf xufwiatmif tEG,awmfjyefym;cJavonf/ kd f f Y G h ]a'0'[ jynf a y:ayguf v mjcif ; } tavmif;awmf od'wrif;om;\ Muif,mawmfb'uem(odr[kw) ,aomf"&m Yk f rif;orD;\ arG;&yfXmaejzpfaom a'0'[ jynfay:aygufvm&yHrm uydv0wfjynf aeMu k S aom omuD0ifrif;om;wdkYonf wihfw,fvS

vsuf Munfvifat;jraom a&tkdifBuD;wckodkY oGm;a&mufNyD; a&upm;avh&SdMu\/ xdka&tkdif BuD ; ud k o muD 0 if r if ; om;rsm; a&upm;&m tdkifjzpfaomaMumihf (a'0=orKwdewfjzpfaom omuD0ifrif;rsm;\ '[=a&tkdif) ]a'0'[} [k ac:qdkcJhMu\/ aemif u mvMumaomf a&td k i f o d k Y a&vmupm;Muaom omuD0ifri;fom;wdonf Yk uydv0wfjynfodkY rjyefMuawmhbJ a&tkdifBuD; teD;0ef;usif pHae&m rif;wJrsm;wnfaqmuf aexdicMhJ uav&m umvMumvQif tiftm;rsm; k f jym;vmavawmhonf/ xdkYaemuf a'0'[a& tkdifudk tpGJjyKvsuf a'0'[wdkif;jynftjzpf ay:aygufvmcJhavonf/ uyd v 0wf E k d i f i H a wmf \ rif ; quf r sm; uydv0wfEkdifiHawmf tpOftquf tkyfcsKyfcJhMuaom rif;rsm;rSm &Spfaomif;ESpf axmifESihfq,fyg;&Sdavonf/ xdk&Spfaomif; ESpfaxmifhq,fyg;aom rif;wdkYwGif aemufqHk; rif;onf aZ,saoerif;jzpfonf/ aZ,saoe rif;rSm om;awmf oD[[EkESihf orD;awmf ,aomf"&m[laom om;orD;ESpfOD;&Sdonf/ xkdpOfumv a'0'[jynhf&Sifrif;rSm Oumourif;jzpf\/ Oumourif;\ rdzk&m; pmrsuf E S m 8 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

a*gwrAk'ESihf rif;wdkY\ avmuobm0"r jyemajz&Sif;enf;rsm; (1)

wu o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r m p&d , ? B.A) ]]bkef;awmfBuD;aom jrwfpGmbk&m; t&Sib&m;wdukd crnf;awmfoa'g'erif;w&m; f k Yk k BuD;onf zl;ajrmfvdkvSygNyD? aqGawmfrsKd;awmfwkdY tm; oN*K[fcsD;ajrmufrIjyKawmfrlygukefbk&m;}} ]]cspf o m; umVK'g,D aumif ; NyD igbk&m;onfaqGawmfrsKd;awmfwdkYtm; oN*K[f csD;ajrmufrIjyKaytHh? &[ef;oHCmtaygif;wdkY tm; xdktaMumif;udkavQmufxm;Muukefavmh? &[ef;rsm;onf c&D;oGm;&[ef;wdkY jyKusihf&rnfh 0w&m;udk jyKMuayvdrhfrnf}} ]]&Sifawmfbk&m; aumif;ygNyD}} xd k Y a emuf umVK'g,D r ax&f o nf &[E m taygif ; ax&f ( 20000)wd k Y t m; xdktaMumif;udk avQmufxm;avonf/ Ak'onf t*Fwdkif; rm*"wdkif;om; &[E m wpf a omif ; uyd v 0wf r S &[E m wpf a omif ; aygif ; ES p f a omif ; NcH & H v suf r[mou&mZf 103 ckEpf waygif;vjynhausmf S f (1) &ufaeYwGif &mZN*dK[fjynfa0VK0efausmif;rS xGufcGmawmfrl wpfaeYvQif wpf,lZem c&D; jzihf <uawmfrlonf/ wpfaeY wpf,lZem<uvQif &mZN*dK[f jynfrS ,lZem(60)a0;uGmaom uydv0wf aejynfawmfodkY (2)vjzihf a&mufvdrfhrnf[k &nfrSef;awmfrlum rvsifjrefvGef;aom (twk&d w)a'opm&D<ucsDawmfrljcif;jzpfonf/ ]]jrwfpmbk&m;&Sionf &mZN*Kd [jf ynf G f rS xGuf uydv0wfaejynfawmfodkY <uawmf rlaMumif;udk crnf;awmfoka'g'erif;BuD;tm; igoGm;ajymMum;aytHh}} [k umVK'g,D BuHpnf NyD;vQif 'd 0d"tbdnmPfjzihf aumif;uifodkY yswuf aumif;uifc&D;jzihf <uoGm;awmfrum H l oka'g'erif;Bu;D \ a&Teef;awmf oufqif;av onf/ oka'g'erif;BuD;onf t&SifumVK 'g,D r ax&f u d k awG U jrif & vQif tvG e f y if 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om&Sdum ]]cspfom; umVK'g,D <uawmfrlyg? ae&m xkdifawmfrlyg}} d k a opG m avQmuf x m;yif h z d w f u m oljrwfwdkYESihfom xdkufwefaom &mZyvif

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

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"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ (2) ou'g*grd y k * d K vf ( ou'g*grf ) vlYbHkodkY wpfBudrfomvmawmhrnfhyk*dKvf/ (3) tem*grd y k * d K vf ( tem*grf ) aovQif umrok*wd(7)bHk rjzpf&awmhbJ ly-t&lyjA[mbHkomjzpf y&dedAmefpH0ifrnfhyk*dKvf/ (4) t&[E y k * d K vf ( &[E m ) udavomtm;vHk; y,fowfNyD;jzpf y&dedAmefpH0ifawmhrnfhyk*dKvfwdkY jzpfygw,f/
AN ARIYA is a Noble one An Ariya is a noble one who has destroyed some or all of the defilements. He is precluded from falling to the woeful state of apaya. (1) The Streamwinner or Sotapana who has entered the steam of Path-knowledge, having attained Path-consciousness and Fruition-Consciousness and who is destined to realize parinibbana, the Ultimate Peace, after having seven rebirths at the most. - (2) The Once-Returner or Sakadagami who having reached the second stage of Path-knowledge will be reborn only once as a human being before realizing the Ultimate Peace. - (3) The Non-Returner or Anagami who having reached the third stage of Path-Knowledge will be reborn only in the Fine-Material Sphere or the Non-material Sphere before realizing the Ultimate Peace. (4) The Arahat or Arahata who has destroyed all the defilements and is pipe for realizing the Ultimate Peace.

aemuf a usmzk H ; rS w,f/ &[ef ; b0qd k w m[m tcsKyftm;jzihf ajym&r,fqdk&if &[ef;b0qdkwm[m pm;0wf aea&;twGuf cEmudk,fcsrf;oma&;udk OD;pm;ray;yJ cEmudk,f&JU aus;uRefjzpfae&muae vGwfajrmufa&;? oHo&mrS xGufajrmufa&;udk om t"du OD;wnfcsufxm;NyD; udavomacgif;yg; avsmhenf;yaysmuf a&;udkom wpdkufrwfrwf usihfaqmifae&wmjzpfvdkY ]&[ef;b0qdkwm [m avmburSm csrf;om\vdkY qdkMuwm tb,frSmygvJ} qdkwJh ar;cGef; &JU tajzrsm;yJjzpfygw,f/ (2) &[ef ; qd k w m oH k ; rsd K ;oH k ; pm;&S d y gw,f / (u) ax&= q,f0gtxuf &[ef;jzpfygw,f/ (c) rZdr=ig;0grS udk;0g&NyD;wJh &[ef;jzpfygw,f/ (*) e0=ig;0gatmuf &[ef;jzpfygw,f/
Member of the Buddhist Order: BHIKKHU One concerned about the dangers of recurring rebirths; recluse: 1. For a layman it is not easy to fully observe the precepts, to be engaged in giving charity or to develop meditation practice. As for a bhikkhu. Having his head shaven, there is no need for beautification or to care for or be attached to his hair. Thus he is light-hearted and carefree. When going round for alms-food from one house to another he take for his morning meal just enough to enable him to perform his meditation practice. Indeed, a spoonful of rice is not a burden for a door, he is content with whatever food he receives, whether good or bad, and thus he feels no craving for food. Beside, it is sufficient for him to stay under a shady tree for shelter. Food, clothing and shelter which are the most fundarmental needs of human beings are unimportant in the life of bhikkhu, A bhikkhu does not care much for physical pleasure. He tries to be free from being a slave of his body, for his ultimate goal is to lesson and get rid of rebirth. Indeed, the secluded life of a bhikkhu is the answer to the question, ''What is the meaning of peace and happiness." 2. There are three categories of bhikkhu: (a) Therabhikkhu= or elders are bhikkhus who have spent ten or more years in the Order; (b) Majjhimabhikkhu= or those middle standing who have been in the order from five to nine years; (c) Navabhikkhu= or newly admitted ones who have been in the Order for less than five years.

omrP&[ef ; qd k o nf r S m t&d , myk * d K vf j zpf \ t&d,yk*Kd vqwm[mjrifjh rwfpifMu,fojl zpfygw,f/ udavom f kd qdkwJhpdwfudk npfjiL;apwwf? ylyefapwwfwJhw&m;wcsdKUudkjzpfjzpf? tm;vHk;udkyJjzpfjzpf y,fowfxm;NyD;oljzpfygw,f/ wpfenf;ajym&&if tyg,fwHcg;ydwfxm;NyD;olvJjzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dyk*dKvf t&d,myk*dKvfudk orP&[ef;yk*dKvf&,fvkYdvJac:qdkygw,f/ tJ'Dyk*dKvfu (4) rsKd; (4) pm;cGJjcm;xm;ygw,f/ (1) aomwmyE y k * d K vf ( aomwmyef ) t&d,mr*fa&tvsOfodkY a&mufNyD;? r*fpdwf zkdvfpdwf&&SdNyD;ol trsm;qHk; ckepfb0jzpfNyD;onhfaemuf y&dedAmefpH0ifrnfhyk*dKvf/

ud a vomw&m;[l o nf txuf azmfjycJhwJh orPt&d,m yk*dKvfwdkY t<uif;rJh y,f owfawmfrlwJh pdwfudk npfjiL;apwwf? ylyefapwwfwJh w&m;wdkYudk udavomw&m;vdkYac:qdkygw,f/ tJ'Dudavomw&m;awGuawmh =vdkcsifwyfrufjcif;/ (1) avmb =trsufxGufjcif;/ (2) a'go =awGa0jcif;/ (3) arm[ (4) rme =axmifvTm;jcif;/ = t,lrSm;jcif;/ (5) 'd | d =rqHk;jzwfEkdifjcif;/ (6) 0d p d u d p m =xdkif;rdIif;jcif;/ (7) xd e =ysHUvGihfjcif;/ (8) O' p (9) t[d & d u =t&Sufr&Sdjcif;/ (10) taemw y =taMumufr&Sdjcif;&,fvdkY (10)yg;&Sdw,f/
KILESA Means: The things having the nature of causing anxiety and defiling the mind; these mind-defiling passions consist of : (1) Lobha = greed; (2) Dosa =hatred; (3) Moha =delusion; (4) Mana =conceit; (5) Ditthi =erroneous; (6) Vicikiccha =lacking incisiveness; (7) Thina =lethargy; (8) Udiccha =distraction;

TERAVADA PERSPECTIVE
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
(9) Ahirika (10) Anottappa =shame essness and =having no fear of moral constraints.

15

'e-jrif j cif ; qk d o nf r S m txufrSm azmfjycJhwJh orPbduK&[ef;awmfawGudk awGUjrif Mu&HkoufoufrQ r[kwfbJ qnf;uyfvkyfauR;jyKpkaqmif&Gufay;Mu& wJhtjyif orPbduK&[ef;awmfawGa[mazmfTefjyqkdqHk;rwJh w&m; a'oemawmf a wG u d k d k a oav;pm;pG m Mum;emrS w f o m;&jcif ; jzih f ? usi0wfovodumw&m;awGukd usiaqmifvYkd 0#fqif;&J'urvwajrmuf fh D fh k S G f &mvGwfajrmufaMumif; todPfynmawG &&SdMurSmjzpfygw,f/ orP'eqdwhJ a0g[m&pum;&JUt"dym,fukd a,bk,sNcKH ikH k Ny;D zGiq&i;f jy&r,fqyg&if? orPbduK &[ef;oHCmawmft&Sijf rwfawG fh kd S kd qdwm[m omoemh0efukd xrf;aqmifawmfr&if; avmutusKd ;awGuyg k l kd jznhfqnf;usihfaqmifawmfrlaeMuwJh tusihfoDvpifMu,fjrihfjrwfwJh olawmfpifyk*dKvfjrwfrsm;jzpfwJh &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;om jzpfygw,f/ tJ'&[ef;awmfrsm;a[mMum;awmfrww&m;"rawGukd em,lrwom;MuNy;D D l hJ S f awmh? rdrwtcsi;f csi;f jyefveaqG;aEG;zvS,Mf ujcif;[m aus;Zl;txl;&Sd d Ykd S f wJh BuD;yGm;csrf;oma&;tppf r*Fvmjzpfygw,f/
DASSANA meansDassana means not only seeing, but service to on them, remembering or hearing them, and to see their virtues through one's wisdom. Samanadassana broadly means service, seeing, remembrance of monks, listening to them or their Dhammas, listening to talks about them. They all are blessings.

&[ef ; orPwd k Y u d k j rif j cif ; txufrSmazmfjycJhwJh &[ef;omrPawGudkjrifjcif;qdkwmu? &[ef;oHCmawmfawGudk awGUjrifMu&wJhtcgrSm? tJ'D&[ef;oHCmawmf awG&JUtwGif;oEmefrSm&SdaewJh? udavomNidrf;at;aerI? udavomNidrf; at;aeatmif usiBfh uBH uKd ;ukwtm;xkwr?I pmayy&d,woifMum;rI? ydcsr?I f f d Yk omoemawmf&UJ wm0efawGukd xrf;aqmifaerI tp&Sw*PawGe?YJ oHCmh d hJ k f *kPawGuyg rdrPfrmxifvmatmif tmHjk yKNy;D MunhwmrsKd ;yJ jzpfyg f kd d S f I w,f/ tJ'DvdkMunhfIwJhtcgrSm yuwdrsufpd (rHopuK) eJYa&m Pf rsufpd (PpuK) eJYyg MunhfIwwfygrS &[ef;oHCmawmfudk awGUjrif (zl;jrif) &ma&mufygw,f/ 'Dvdk&[ef;oHCmawmfawG&JU udk,fwGif;rSmudef;atmifaewJh *kPfawGudk ynmrsufpd? PfrsufpdeJYjrifatmifrMunhfyJ? wdkYbkef;BuD;? olbe;f Bu;D qdwhJ tjyiftyA[d'uom tmHjk yKMunhygu? &[ef;oHCm Y k k kd f I qdkwJh orPbduKawGudkjrif&mra&mufyg/ &[ef;oHCmppfawGudk bkef;BuD;u uG,fxm;&mom a&mufrSmjzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumihf? orP 'er*FvmqdkwJh jrihfjrwfawmfrlwJhbduK&[ef;awmfawGudk zl;jrif&wJh twGuf tvGefw&maus;Zl;&SdvSwJh BuD;yGm;csrf;oma&;tppfr*Fvm rjzpfEdkifMuwmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'gaMumifh 'Dae&mrSm wduwe;f ajymqdvwmu? w&m;cspcif k f G k kd f Ak'bmom0if "roawmfpify*Kd vwi;f &[ef;oHCmudtppftrSeawGUjrif l k f kd k f atmif owdxm;NyD;awmh zl;jrifoihfMuygaMumif;yg/ &[ef ; oH C mtm;qnf ; uyf j cif ; &[ef;oHCmawmfwtm; qnf;uyfjcif;qdwmu? cdrtm;xm; Ykd k k DS ,HMk unfav;pm;pGm csO;f uyfwmyJjzpfygw,f/ zl;ajrmfxuw&[ef;oHCm dk f hJ udk qnf;uyfwm[m orP'er*Fvmrnfygw,f/ ynm&Sdolawmf

aumif;awGudk cdkrSDqnf;uyf&mvJa&mufwJhtwGuf y@dwao0er*Fvm vJjzpfygw,f/ dkaoxdkufoludkdkao&ma&mufwJhtwGuf *g&0r*Fvm vJjzpfygw,f/ ESdrhfcsxdkufoludk ESdrhfcs&ma&mufwJhtwGuf ed0gwr*FvmvJ yJ jzpfygw,f/ &[ef;oHCmawmfawGudk qnf;uyfwJhtwGuf 'DvdkBuD;yGm; csrf;oma&;tppf r*FvmawGtrsm;tjym;jzpfvm&ygw,f/ 'ghaMumih?f ud,tusKd ;pD;yGm;udtvd&MdS uwJoawG[m rMumcP k fh k k h l qdovdk &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;xHoYkd oGm;a&mufz;l ajrmfqnf;uyfoifMh uyg k w,f/ omoemawmfa&;? rdrd&JUukodkvfwdk;yGm;a&;twGufom 'Dvdk qnf;uyfoihfMuygw,f/ avmuDcsrf;oma&;twGufawmh qnf;uyfrI rjyKoihfMuygbl;/ &[ef ; oH C mawmf r sm;tm; vk y f a uR;jcif ; &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;tm;vkyauR;jcif;qdwmuawmh? auR;arG; f k wm? ulnDapmifha&SmufrIjyKwmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'DauR;arG;rI? &[ef;oHCm rsm;&JU trIupukd ulnaqmif&uay;rIawG[mvJ? &[ef;oHCmudk zl;jrif d D G f jcif;wpfrsdK;jzpfwJhtwGuf orP'er*FvmjzpfwJhtjyif? oHCmtm; auR;arG;apmifa&Smufrujkd yKvywtwGuf "rp&d,r*FvmvJjzpfygw,f/ h I k f hJ tjypfr&SdwJhtvkyfudk jyKvkyf&ma&mufwJhtwGufvJ te0Zr*FvmvJyJ jzpfygw,f/ &[ef;oHCmrsm;udk jyKpkvkyfauR;wJhtwGuf tckvdkxdkufoifh &m r*FvmawGeJYjynhfpHkvm&wmjzpfygw,f/ 'DvdkjzpfwJhtavsmuf? ausmif;uefbk&m;oGm;a&mufMuwJhtcg rsdK;rSm? udk,fwwfEdkifoavmuf &[ef;oHCmtm; auR;arG;vSL'gef;rI? 0wfBuD;0wfi,fjyKvkyfay;rI? tdyf&mae&mponfokwfoif&Sif;vif;ay;rI? ausmif;0if;twGif; aygif;jrufutpokwfoif&Sif;vif;ay;rI pwJh r*Fvm jzpfp&mtvkyfawGudk jyKvkyfoihfMuygw,f/ rdrdtwGuf opfoD;cl;rI? yef;cl;rIutp r*Fvmr[kwwtvkyawGuomjyKvyNf y;D ? tukovawG f hJ f kd k kd f wpfyHkwpfxrf;o,fydk;NyD;awmh tdrfudkjyefrvmoifhMuygbl;/ &[ef ; oH C mawmf r sm;tm; owd & jcif ; &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;tm; owd&jcif;qdwmu? atmufarhtrSwf k &rIyjJ zpfygw,f/ tdrrup? vlrupawGaMumihtvkyrsm;Ny;D &[ef;oHCm f I d I d f f awmfrsm;xH roGm;a&mufrqnf;uyfrvkyfauR;EdkifwJhtcgrsdK;rSm? rdrdwdkY OD;xdyfxm;NyD; udk;uG,faeMuwJh&[ef;oHCmawmfudk trSwf&aejcif;[m vJ &[ef;wdkYudk zl;jrifae&jcif;wpfrsdK;jzpfwJhtwGuf orP'er*Fvm jzpfwJhtjyif? rdrdpdwfudkaumif;pGmapmifha&Smufxm;&SdEdkifwJhtwGuf tw ormyPD"dr*FvmvJjzpfygw,f/ ukodkvfw&m;awGudk rarhravsmh&m a&mufwJhtwGuf tyrmP"rr*FvmvJjzpfapygw,f/ &[ef;oHCmawGukd atmufarhowd&aejcif;[m? tJ'vr*Fvm D kd trsm;tjym;jzpfapEkdifygw,f/ 'gayr,hf wkdYbkef;BuD;? olYbkef;BuD;qdkwJh yk*dKvfpGJtaeeJY trSwf&aerIrsdK;uawmh orP'er*FvmjzpfEdkifp&m taMumif;r&Sdygbl;/ &[ef ; oH C mawmf r sm;xH r S Mum;em&jcif ; Mum;em&jcif;qdkwmu qHk;rMo0g'pum;eJY? w&m;pum;rsm; Mum;em&wmyJjzpfygw,f/ rdrxoYkd csO;f uyfa&muf&vmwJh 'um? 'umr d H dS rsm; ukovym;rsm;Mu&atmif? vdrma&;jcm;&Svmatmif w&m;"rejf y kd f G d T qH k ; r Mo0g'ay;jcif ; [m &[ef ; oH C mawmf a wG & J U wm0ef 0 w & m; jzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk&[ef;oHCmuay;vkdufwJhqHk;rMo0g'qdkwJh w&m;vuf aqmifukd tjrwfwEd;k tav;xm;emMum;vkuem&rI[mvJ? &[ef;oHCm d f pmrsuf E S m 27 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ rTefMum;Ekdifatmif tm;xkwf jcif;jzpf\/ ]]b0yp,m Zmwd}} t& b0jzpfaom ]]uH}} &SdaeygvQif oHo&m Zmwf aqmif t jzpf j zif h oHo&m tawmrowf usivnf&rnf jzpf\/ f xd k Y a Mumif h ]]uH } } ud k ]b0ed a &m"m? Zmwd eda&ma"m}t& csKyfoGm;atmif vkyf &rnf jzpf\/ ]]uH } } ud k c sKyf o G m ;atmif v k y f j cif ; qkdonfrSm 'geuH? oDvuH? bm0emuHwdkYudk ]]vkyorQ 'ku} } [l aomtjrifjzihf ]]rvkyjf cif;}} f ukqvkd onfr[kw/ trSeqvonfuawmh d dk f f dk kd 'geuHuvnf; pGr;f tm;&Soavmuf vky&rnf/ kd d f odkY&mwGif xdkokdYvkyf&m ]]Oyg'ge eda&m"m b0ed a &m"m}} t& Oyg'gef r yg0if a tmif vk y f & rnf / Oyg'gef r yg0if a wmh v Qif ]]uH } } onfcsKyf NyD;om;jzpf\/ Oyg'gefryg0ifatmif vky&m ]]wPSmeda&m"m Oyg'ge eda&ma"m}} f t& wPS m ryg0if a tmif v k y f & \ [l jzpf y g\/ tusOf ; csKyf t m;jzif h qk d & vQif aumif;rIuov[orQukd rem;rae vky&rnf/ k dk f l f xdkokdYvkyf&mwGif &vwHh aomtusKd;[lorQudk vH k ; 0wG , f w m jcif ; ? wyf r uf j cif ; rjyKbJ vky&rnf/ xkovyjf cif;rsK;d ukom ]]uH}} udcsKyf f d Ydk k d k oG m ;atmif rT e f M um;Ek d i f a tmif vk y f jcif ; rnf \ / ]]uH } }csKyf r S a wmh b0Zmwf onfcsKyNf y;D om; jzpfawmh\/ b0Zmwf csKyfvQif ppfrSefaomcsrf;om ]]oEd okc}}ukd &awmh\/ xkdtcg oHo&m ZmwfaumiftjzpfrS vGwfNyD/ b0Zmwfvrf;rsm;udk zefwD; jcif; ]]uH}} onf {u&mZfjzpf\/ b0jywfvrf;udk zef w D ; jcif ; ]]Pf } } onf { u&mZf j zpf \ / b0Zmwf v rf ; ud k zef w D ; &m awG U jrif o rQ t&m&mudk rdrdtwGuf odrf;ydkuf\/ b0jywf vrf;udkzefwD;&m awGUjriforQ t&m&mudk avmutwG u f pG e f Y v T w f \ / pG e f Y v T w f & m vnf; bmudkrQ arQmfudk;jcif;r&SdbJ vGwfvGwf pGefYvTwfjcif;om jzpf\/ bmudkrQ arQmfudk;rI r&Sdjcif;onfyif wPSmudk csKyfatmifvkyfjcif; rnf \ / wPSmudk csKyfatmifvkyfjcif;jzifh &tyf a om tusKd ; xuf t wk d i f ; rod y d k BuD;rm;\/ trSeftm;jzihf vdcsi&tyf aom k f tusKd;w&m;\ 0rf;AdkufxJ ]]aomu}} onf yg0if v m\/ tb,f a Mumih f q k d a omf rd r d &xm;aom tusKd ; w&m; vuf v G w f q H k ; I H ; oGm;&rnfukd tNrJwrf; pkd;&drfylyef ae&aom aMumifh jzpf\/ rvdcsiygbJvsuf &tyfaom k f tusKd;w&m;\ 0rf;AdkufxJrl ]]aomu}} d onfyg0ifvmjcif;r&S/ tb,faMumifh qkdaomf tpuwnf ; u rd r d t aejzih f rvd k c sif a om tusKd;w&m; vufvGwf qHk;HI;oGm;aomfvnf; xkdokdYqHk;IH;oGm; onfhtwGuf pkd;&drfylyefp&m bmrQr&SdbJ 0efxkyf0efydk;rS vGwfajrmufoGm; ojzihf 0rf;omp&mom&Savaom aMumifjh zpf\/ d vl o nf rd r d w pf a ,muf w nf ;jzih f aejcif ; jzih f touf & S i f aeEk d i f o l r [k w f / ywf 0 ef ; usif \ taxmuf t ul r sm;pG m ud k &,lNyD;rSom aeEkdifoljzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh vl tay: ywf0ef;usif\ aus;Zl;rsm;pGm&Sd\/ ywf0ef;usi rdrdrSwpfyg;aom tjcm;vlom; f rsm;&Sd\/ wd&pmefrsm;&Sd\/ ewfa'0grsm;&Sd\/ awmawmifa&ajrrsm;&Sd\/ xdkouf&Sd oufrJh tm;vHk;onf vltwGuf aus;Zl;&Sifrsm; jzpf\/ xdkaus;Zl;&Sifrsm;\ aus;Zl;ukd yxrodzdkYvdk\/ aus;Zl; &Sirsm;\aus;Zl;udoNd y;D vQif xkaus;Zl; f k d udk qyf&efvdk\/ aus;Zl;qyfjcif;[lonfrSm rdrd\b0?rdrd\cEmudk ywf0ef;usiftwGuf toHk;jyK&m rdrd\pnf;pdrfOpmrsm; ukefcsif vnf; ukefoGm;Ekdif\/ rdrd\cEmtpdwftydkif; rsm; qHk;IH;csifvnf; qHk;HI;oGm;Ekdif\/ odkY tqHk;HI;cHNyD; aus;Zl;qyfjcif;udk yg&rDjznfhjcif; [k qkd&\/ trSeftm;jzihfvnf; yg&rD jznfh jcif ; [l o nf r S m vl w pf a ,muf t aejzih f vl Y w m0ef u d k vl a usyG e f p G m xrf ; aqmif j cif ; yif jzpf \ / avmutay: ukPmESifh arwm xm;Ekiorsm; taejzihf rdr\ tusK;d pD;yGm;xuf d f l d avmu\ tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;ud k OD ; pm;ay; aqmif&Guf&mwGif yDwdokcudk awGUEkdifyg\/ yDwdokcudk awGUygrSvnf; yg&rDudk jznfhusifhEkdif rnfjzpf\/ yg&rDudkjznfhusifh&mwGif "ronf obm0tm;jzif h yg&rD j znf h o l u pG e f Y v T w f vdkufaom ypnf;Opmrsm;? ajcvuft*Fgrsm;? toufcEmrsm;udk olckd;taejzifh ,loGm;onf r[k w f ? w&m;ol B uD ; taejzif h o m,l N yD ; jyefvnf&oifh aom tusKd;udk jyefvnfay; ay;av\/ xd k t usKd ; onf p Mu0aw; rif;\pnf;pdrxuf twki;f tqr&Sd Bu;D rm;yg\/ f d csrf;om&mwGifvnf; tEIdif;r&Sd csrf;omyg\/ rd r d \ uk d , f u sKd ;xuf avmu\ tusKd ; ud k OD;pm;ay;aqmif&Guf olrsm; onf tu,f r*f Pf? zdkvfPf edAmefudk r&ao;vQif awmifrS avmavm q,f ypu trsm;\ Munf d k r I ? trsm;\ av;pm;rI ? trsm;\ tm;xm;rI w k d Y u d k r,l E k d i f a vmuf a tmif y if &av\/ wrvGefum; yg&rDbkef;uHaMumifh pmrsuf E S m 18 ok d Y

rd p m y#d y 'gjzih f j yKaom 'ge? oD v ? bm0emwkdYonf tvGefqHk; tusKd;ay;Ekdifygu vlrif;b0? ewfrif; b0? jA[mrif;b0udkom ay;Eki\/ b0oH;k yg;rS vGwajrmuf&ef edAmefukd d f f ray; Ekdifacs/ vlrif;csrf;om? ewfrif; csrf;om? jA[m rif;csrf;om[lonf orKwdopmt&om csrf;omjzpf\/ t&d,opmt&qkvQif csr;f om d r[kwf? qif ; &J o mjzpf \ / t&d , op m t& wu,fwrf;ppfrSefaom csrf;om[l onfum; edAmefcsrf;om omvQif jzpf\/ vlwonf cPwki;f cPwki;f ]]uH}} Ykd d d ud k j yKaeMuonf / xk d o d k Y j yK&mwG i f um,uH jzpfcsifjzpfrnf/ 0pDujH zpfcsijf zpfrnf/ raemuH jzpfcsif jzpfrnf/ wpfckckaom uHudkawmh jyK aeonfum; trSefyifjzpf\/ xdkokdYjyK ae&jcif; onfvnf; uHESifhuif; ow0g[lonf r&Sd aumif;aomaMumifh jzpf\/ uH o nf v nf ; uk o k d v f u H E S i f h tukodkvfuH[l ESpfrsKd;&Sdjyef&m ae&m tukodkvfuHudk rqdkvdkbJ ukokdvfuHudkom qkdvdkyg\/ tukokdvfuH[lu raumif;usKd; ud k o may;aMumif ; txl ; ajymp&mrvk d / tm;vHk;vufcH ,Hk MunfNy;D om;jzpf\/ xdaMumifh Yk tukovf uHukd rqkvbJ ukovuuom qkvkd kd d kd kd f H kd d jcif;jzpf\/ ukokdvfuHuvnf; aumif;usKd;ay; aMumif; odNy;D om;jzpf\/ ok&mwGif aumif;usK;d Yd [l o nf or K wd o p m t& aumif ; usKd ; ES i f h t&d , op m t& aumif ; usKd ; [l ES p f r sKd ; &S d jyef\/ orKwopmt& aumif;usK;d [lonfrm d S vl csrf;om? ewfcsrf;om? jA[mcsrf;omwdkY jzpf M u\/ t&d , op m t& aumif ; usKd ; [lonfrSm edAmefcsrf;omjzpf\/ jrwfpGmbk&m; \ a'oemawmft& vl csrf;om? ewfcsrf;om? jA[mcsrf;om [lonfrm trnfrQomcsr;f om S jzpf\/ wu,fawmh qif;&Jomwnf;/ xdaMumihf edAmefcsr;f omudk awmifw Yk h Mujcif; jzpf\/ awmifwonfh twki;f vkcsi;kd h d d f rS e f y gvQif b0Zmwf u d k od r f ; rS j zpf a yrnf / oHo&mZmwfcay: jA[mb0jzihf ]]u}}vdkuf? kH ewfb0jzifh ]]u}}vdkuf? vlYb0jzifh ]]u}}vkduf? wd&pmefb0jzifh ]]u}}vkduf? i&Jom; b0jzihf ]]u}}vkujf zifh ]]u}}cJ&av&m yGMJ unhy&dowfrsm; d h f taejzifh om,mzG,fjzpfaomfvnf; um, uH&irsm; taejzifrl yifyef;vSyg\/ qif;&Jvyg S f h S \/ xdaMumifh xkqif;&JrsK;d rS vGwajrmuf Ekdif&ef Yk d f b0Zmwfudkodrf;zdkY tm;xkwf& ayrnf/ b0Zmwf o d r f ; zd k Y tm;xk w f jcif;qkd onf r S m b0Zmwf q &mjzpf a om ]]uH } } ud k

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"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/

17

Ak'bmom0ifaumif; wpfa,muf

auwkrwDjr[oFm

(vk y f o m;rsm;aumvd y f ) (2) ork',opm (qif;&Jjcif;\taMumif;trSef w&m;) (3) eda&m"opm (at;Nidrf;jcif;trSefw&m;) (4) r*opm (at;Nidrf;jcif;\taMumif;trSef w&m;wdkYjzpfMuygonf/ opmav;yg;w&m;awmfonf vlomrefwdkY odEkdifcJaom tvGefeufeJonhf w&m;jzpf\/ a*gwrAk'wpfyg;wnf;omvQif w&m;uk d od j rif e m;vnf o nf r [k w f a y/ ra&rwGuEiaom bk&m;wkonf yGiawmfrNl y;D f dk f Yd fh edAmef0ifcJhNyD;jzpfonf/ opm av;yg;w&m; awmfukd odjrifcJha[mMum;cJhMuonf/ opmukd rodMu avmu oHo&mvnf aeMu&jcif; jzpfonf/ avmu oHo&musifvnfMuukef aom vlow0gwkdYonf qif;&Jjcif;('kuopm) ESihfawGUBuKHae&onfrsm;rSm(1) ow0gtjzpf arG;zGm;vm&jcif; (Zmwd'ku) (2) tkd&jcif; (Z&m'ku) (3) em&jcif; (Asm"d'ku) (4) ao&jcif; (r&P'ku) ponfwkdYonfum; ow0gwkdif; awGUBuKH&aom 'kuqif;&Jjcif; trSew&m;rsm;yifjzpfaMumif; Ak'bmom0ifrsm; f cH,lMuygonf/ Ak ' b mom0if w k d Y o nf qif ; &J j cif ; ('ku)opmrS vGwuif;atmifaomfvnf;aumif;? f oHo&m0#fqif;&JrS vGwuif;atmifaomfvnf; f aumif; jyKvkyf&rnfholrSm rdrd\]uH} ESihf uH\ tvkyf (0g) um,uH (ukd,fjzihfjyKrI)? 0pDuH (EIwfjzihfajymqkdrI)? raemuH (pdwfjzifhBuHpnfrI) rsm;yifjzpfaMumif;? Ak'bmom0ifwYdk ,kMH unfMu ygonf/ cH,lvkyfaqmifMuygonf/ Ak ' b mom0if w d k Y \ ,k H M unf c suf u m; (u) ]aumif;uH} ESihf ]qkd;uH} uHw&m;wkdYukd ,kHMunfjcif;/ (c) ]aumif ; uH } ES i h f ]qk d ; uH } ES p f y g;wk d Y \ aumif;usKd;? qkd;usKd;wkdYukd ,kHMunfjcif;/ (*) o&P*kH(3)yg;jzpfaom Ak'jrwfpGmbk&m;ukd ,kHMunfjcif;/ (Ak'Ho&PH *pmrd) bk&m;\w&m;awmfukd ,kHMunfjcif;/ ("rHo&PH *pmrd) bk&m;\wynhom;? oHCmawmfwudk ,kMH unfjcif;/ f Ykd

rsufarSmufumv Ak'bmom0ifwdkY wGif trsm;pkonf rd;dk zvmAk'bmomjzpfMuol om rsm;Muygonf/ rdrwu;dk uG,&m Ak'bmom d Ykd f w&m;awmf\ tESpfom&udk ajcajcjrpfjrpf od&onfh Ak'bmom0ifaumif; wpfa,mufjzpf dS &ef vktyfygonf/ Ak'bmom0if aumif;jzpf&ef d Ak ' j rwf p G m w&m;awmf u k d tajccH usus od&Sdem;vnfxm;&ygrnf/ Ak ' j rwf p G m onf tjcm;aom bmom&yfrsm;ESirwl uGjJ ym;jcm;em;xl;jcm;csuf fh rsm;&Sygonf/ Ak'bmomw&m;awmfwif tjcm; d G rnfonhfbmomwGifrS rawGUEkdifaom xl;jcm; csufrSm(u) Ak'jrwfpGmbk&m;onf r[mvlom;ppfppf jzpfjcif;/ (c) zcif oka'g'eESihf rdcifr,fawmf r[m rm,ma'0DwdkY om;awmfjzpfjcif;/ (*)arG;zGm;&ma'o vkreomarm tifMuif;awm D a'0'[jynf (,cktac: eDaygEkdifiH) arG;zGm; jcif;/ (C) taMumif;tusK;d w&m; y#dporkyg 'fw&m;? opmw&m;(4)yg;? vuPma&;(3)yg;? owd y|mef(4)yg;ESifh r*i(8)yg;w&m;wd&jdS cif;ponf f Yk wkdYonfAk'bmom w&m;awmf\xl;jcm;csuf rsm;jzpfygonf/ Ak'jrwfpGmbk&m;\ taumif;qkH;? trGefqkH;aom w&m;onfum; ]]opmav;yg;}} w&m;jzpf\/opmqkdonfrSm trSefw&m;jzpf \/ ,if;opmtrSefw&m;rsm;ukd Ak'bmom 0ifwdkY ,kHMunfMuygonf/ (1) 'ku opm (qif;&Jjcif;trSefw&m;)

(oHCo&PH *pmrd) wkonfum; Ak'bmom0if H Yd ppf p pf w k d Y \ t*F g &yf r sm; ]uk d , f c H t m;} tppftrSef rsm;jzpfMuygonf/ ]]Ak'bmomw&m;awmfonf "r wu,ft&Sdw&m;rsm;ukdom "r[kac:ygonf }} Ak ' a *gwr\"r o nf avmu wu,f & S d o nh f rsuf j rif r sm;? jrif E k d i f o nh f usih f E k d i f o nh f t&S d w &m; rsm;? avmu ow0grsm;wGi&MdS uonhf ]]pdw?f apwodu?f ky?f f t0dZm? wPSm? uH(apwem)? Owk? tm[m& rsm;}} ponft&Sw&m;rsm;ukd "r[k cH,ygonf/ h d l jrwf A k ' \ w&m;awmf r sm;onf usihfokH;vQif&&SdEkdifonfh tusKd;w&m;rsm;tjzpf ,kHMunfMuonfrSm]]b0\qif;&J'kurSeforQ tm;vkH;z,f&Sm;Ekdif onf/}} ]]rdrd\usihfonfh tusifhu rdrd'kuukd z,f&Sm; ay;Ekdifonf}} [l,kHMunfMuygonf/ Ak'a*gwru a[mMum;xm;onfrSm- uH (tvkyf)omvQif ukd,fykdifOpm&Sdonf/ - uH (tvkyf)omvQif tarGtESpf&Sdonf/ - uH (tvkyf)omvQif taqGtrsKd;&Sdonf/ - uH (tvkyf)omvQif taqGcifyGef;&Sdonf/ - uH (tvkyf)omvQif ukd;uG,ftm;xm;&m &Sdonf/ - uH (tvkyf)omvQif ow0g[lorQwdkYukd t,kwf? tvwf? tjrwf ponfxl;jcm;uGJjym; atmif zef w D ; ay;Ek d i f \ / ]]rd r d j yKaomuH (um,uH? 0pDu?H raemuHtvky) rSwyg; zefw;D f olr&Sd[k a*gwrAk'u jywfom;pGma[mMum;cJh ygonf/ vl? ow0g? opfyif? awmawmif? a& ajr? ork'&m? av? rD;tpkHwkdYukd zefqif;onf [k,MHk unfonhf t,l0g'ESirwljcm;em;ygonf/ fh Ak'bmomESihf tjcm;aom t,l0g' rsm; tqk;H pGe&nfre;f csujf cif; vk;H 0jcm;em;onf f S rS e f a omf v nf ; ,aeY r suf a rS m uf u mv Ak'bmomt,l0g'rsm;twGif;okdY tjcm;aom t,l0g'rsm; csif;eif;0ifa&mufae&m,lxm;NyD; jzpfaeonfudk Ak'bmom0iftrsm;pkwYkd owdrrl rdMuyg/ jzpfMu&onf/ tcsKdUaom t,ltq rsm;onf bmomjcm;t,ltqrsm;jzpfygonf/ ,if;t,ltqrsm;ukd Ak'bmom0ifrsm;onf kd;&m"avhxkH;wrf;tjzpf ,kHMunfvufcHae onfukd awGU&Sd &ygonf/ ,aeY c sd e f c g Ak ' b mom0if t rsm; vufcHxm;Muonhf ,kHMunfrIrsm;rS tcsKdUaom t,ltqrsm; vGJrSm;pGmvufcHxm;rIrsm;jzpf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ ylaZmfvQif aumif;usKd;rsm;rsm;&&Sdrnf[k ,lq onf/ wefckd;enf;aom kyfyGm;apwDwdkYukd &Sdckd; ylaZmfvQif aumif;usKd;enf;enf;om&onf[k ,lqonf/ (6) vuf0g;jyifvuPmwGif touftm,kvrf; aMumif;wkdvQif toufwdkonf/ touftm,k vrf;aMumif;&SnvQif touf&nonf[k ,lq f S f onf/ (7) vlaoNyD;(7)&ufvnfrS 0dnmOf tdrfrSxGuf onf/ kyomaoonf? 0dnmOf(tw)useaeNy;D f f b0ul;ajymif;onf/ (8) a>r0ifvkdY? ysm;pGJvkdY csrf;omonf/ (9) zGwfwufvdkY? Vif;wem;vdkY ckdufonf? qif;&J onf[,qonf/ k l (10) vuf,ufac:wJh tkyuav;&SvYkd ykvif; f d tpdrf;xJrSm ESif;qDteDyGihfpkdufxm;vkdY? ykdufqHeJY ykHazmfxm;wJhZD;uGufkyf&SdvdkY vmbftaqmif aumif;onf[k ,lqonf/ Ak'jrwfpGmbk&m;omoemukd;uG,f olrsm;onf xkdtrSm;rsm; jcm;em;csufrsm;ukd a&Smif&Sm;Mu& rnfjzpfygonf/ Ak'0g' bmomw&m;onf tjcm;jcm; aombmom&yf r sm;wG i f r &S d a om xl ; jcm; csuf r sm; &S d o nf u k d owd r l o ih f y gonf / ,if;wkdYonf(1) uHEiu\taMumif;tusK;d ukd ,kMH unfonhf S fh H ]y#dporkyg'f} taMumif;tusKd;w&m;jzpfjcif;/ (2) a0zefykdif;jcm;pdwfjzm,kHMunfcGihf&Sdaom 0dbZ0g'jzpfjcif;/ (3) opm(4)yg;jzpfaom ork',opm (qif;&J aMumif;trSe)? 'kuopm(qif;&Jjcif;trSew&m;) f f eda&m"opm(csKyfNidrf;jcif;w&m;)? r*opm (tvkyfusifhpOfw&m;) rsm;&Sdaom 0g'jzpfjcif;/ (4) vuPma&;(3)yg;jzpfaom tedp(rNrjJ cif;) vuPm? tew(ukd,frykdifqkdifjcif;? ajymif;vJ jcif;)vuPm/ (5) r*if&Spfyg; (orm'd|d? ormouFy..orm orm"d) usipOfvrf;aMumif;&Saom 0g'jzpfjcif;/ hf d (6) owdy|mefw&m;(4)yg;jzpfaom (u) um,mEkyemowdy|mef (c) a0'emEkyemowdy|mef (*) pdwmEkyemowdy|mef (C) "rmEkyemowdy|mefw&m; (4) yg; &S d a om 0g'jzpf j cif ; ponf w d k Y o nf tjcm;bmomESihfrwl uGJjym;jcm;em;vsuf&Sd ygonf/ ]]owd } } w&m;[l o nf u m;owdw&m;onf atmifjrifrIukday;Ekdifonf/ owdw&m;onf trSeftrSm;ukd cGJjcm;qifjcif Ekionf/ d f owdw&m;onf qif;&Jjcif;ukd cHpm;&rIEifh qk;H I;H S rIukd &ifqkdifEkdifaom ]]b0tm;rmef}} jzpfonf/ owdw&m;onf pdwf\wnfNidrfat;csrf;rIukd ay;Ekdifonhf ]]orm"d}} w&m;jzpfonf/ owdw&m;onf kyf? emrf? "r? ocFg&wkdY\ obm0uk d [k w f w k d i f ; rS e f p G m od E k d i f a om ]]0dyemPf}} ay;Ekionf/ d f xkdtcsufrsm;aMumihf tMuifa,m*D onf ]]owd}} ukd vufukdifjyKxm;vQif rdrdonf rdru;dk uG,&m Ak'bmomwk\ uk,yitm;jzpf d f Yd d f dk f aom ]]aumif;uHESihfqkd;uHwdkYukd ,kHMunfjcif;}} ]]o&P*k(3)yg;ukd ckirmpGm,kMH unfjcif;}} rdrwYkd H d f d \ uk;d uG,&mtrSef Ak'bmomw&m;awmfjrwf f ukd rdrdtoufESihf xyfwljrwfEkd;wefzkd;xm;NyD; umuG,fxdef;odrf;jcif;wdkY jynhfpkHpGm&SdaevQif olawmfpifa,m*Donf ]]r,dr;f r,kif ausmufpm d wkdifuJhokdY}} rdrdbmomw&m;bufrS ckdifrmpGm &yf w nf a eEk d i f o l ]]Ak ' b mom0if a umif ; wpfa,muf}} jzpfygapaMumif; arwmavmif; a&;om;vkdufygonf/ auwk r wD j r[oF m (vk y f o m;rsm;aumvd y f ) rS D N id r f ; jyK (1) t&SifZ0e (arwm&Sif)\ tqkdtrdefYrsm;/ (2) nKdaomif;\ urmhbmomBuD;av;ck/ (3) wu o k d v f & S i f o D & d \ ur m h v l o m;rsm; ukd;uG,f&mbmomBuD;rsm;\ t,ltqrsm;/ pmrsuf E S m 16 rS jrwfaombHkb0odkY a&muf&rnfrSm rvGJ {uef trSefjzpfav\/ xdaMumifh oHo&mZmwfaqmif tjzpfrS Yk vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf ]]uH}} udkzsufvdkvQif Pfukd yGm;pD;atmif vkyftyfyg\/ Pfudk yGm;pD;atmif vky&mwGivnf; yg&rD&zYkd vdtyf f f dS k yg\/ yg&rD&atmif vky&mvnf; avmu\ dS f tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;twG u f rd r d \ tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;ud k pGefYvTwfjcif; ]]'geyg&rD}}rS p&rnf jzpfyg\/ yg&rD r sm;jynh f v maomtcg r*f Pf zd k v f Pf u d k &vmrnf j zpf \ / r*f Pf zdvPfu&onfEiwpfNyKd ieuf ]]uH}} onf k f kd S fh f ysuf a vNyD / oH o &mZmwf a qmif t jzpf r S vGwfavNyD/ xkaMumihf oHo&mZmwfaqmif tjzpfrS Yd vGwfajrmufvdkygvQif rdrd\ ukd,fusKd;udkpGefY trsm;\tusK;d udk aqmif&ujf cif;wnf;[laom G yg&rD vrf;pOfrS wpfyg;tjcm;vrf;pOf[l r&SdNyD[l em;vnf&m\/ OD ; a&T a tmif

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

19

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THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

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The Ledi Dham

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MAHA THERA L
(edAme'DyeD)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) rdvdEyOm edAmefESihfpyfaom uxmaygif; (7) vm\/ tqHk; uxmtar;/ / edAmef\wnf&mt&yfonf &Sdygoavm[k rdvdErif;u ar;\/ tajz/ / edAmef\wnf&mt&yfrnfonf r&Sd[kajz\/ tar;/ / wnf&mt&yfr&Scaomf edAmefvnf;r&S?d edAmefukd rsuarSmuf d hJ f jyKonf[aom pum;onfvnf; trSm;omjzpf\[k rif;Bu;D uqdav\/ l k tajz/ / wnf&mt&yfr&Sdaomfvnf; edAmefonf&Sd\/ edAmefudk rsufarSmufjyKonf[laompum;onfvnf; trSefyifjzpf\/ Oyrm/ / Oyrmum; rD ; yG w f a oma,musf m ;onf (2) ck a om opfom;udk yGwfonf&Sdaomf rD;udk&\/ xdkrD;\ wnf&SdaeESifhaom wnf & mt&yf [ l r&S d / pMumrif ; \tusih f 0 wf w d k Y u d k u sih f a om pMumrif ; avmif ; tm; pMum&wemonf qd k u f a &muf v m\/ pMum&wemwnf&SdaeESifhaom wnf&mt&yf[lr&Sd/ twlwnf &mt&yf r&Sdaomfvnf; edAmefonf&Sd\/ 0dyemw&m;udk tm;xkwf aomolonf edAmefudk rsufarSmufjyK&onf trSefyifjzpf\[k ajzay\/ pum; pMumrif ; avmif ; \ pu 0 w d t usih f 0 wf u d k usihfaom tcg pMum&wemonf jzpfay:qdkufvmonf[laom Oyrm? rD;yGwfaom Oyrmrsm;udkaxmuf edAmefonfvnf; &[Emyk*dKvf y&dedAmefrpHrDu tNrJxm0&&SdaeESihfonfr[kwf/ xdkyk*dKvfpHae&ef edAmefonf xdkyk*dKvf y&dedAmefpkwdcsKyfonf\tjcm;rJhjzpfay: vmonf[k ,lMuukef\/ rdvEyOmygVdawmfum; rD;Oyrm? pMum&wemOyrmwdom d Yk ,ckrSjzpfay:vmaom tjcif;t&mudk qdkayonf/ edAmef[laom Oyar ,sbufum; jzpfay:vmaomtjcif;t&mudkrqdkay/ ]]orm y#dyaEm edAmeH opdua&mwd}} [l rsufarSmufjyK&aMumif;udkom qdkayonf/ xdaMumifh rdvEyOm edAmef\wnf&m 'dom? a'or&Sjd im;aomfvnf; Yk d edAmefonf {uef&\/ aumif;pGmusiEiygvQif edAmefukd {uefrsuarSmuf dS fh kd f f jyK&\/ rQaomteufudkomod&\/

(Nibbana Di pan

(Comtinue from last week) In the milindapaha there come seven discussions -na. In the last discussion:about nibba Q: "Is there any place for nibbana to exist? said King Milinda. A: "There is no place for nibbana to exist" said Ven. Na gasena. Q: "If there is no place to exist, there isn't nibbana. The -na' is also wrong', said the King. word 'encounter niba A: Even though there is no place to exist, yet there is nibba na. The word 'encounter nibbana' is also right. Example: If a men who makes fire rubs two pieces of wood, he will get fire. There is no place for that fire to exist beforehand. To the Sakkavatti king-to-be who is practising the duties of cakkavatti king, the cakkaratana carriage comes. There is no place for cakkaratana carriage to exist beforehand. Just so, even though there is no place to exist, yet there is nibbana. One who practises --insight meditation really encounters nibbana. Thus anvipassana -gasena. swered the Ven-Na In this discussion, seeing the example of the sakkaratana carriage comes to the cakkavatti king-to-be when practising the duties of cakkavatti, and the example of rubbing wood to get fire, nibbana too, has never existed forever before the arahat attains to parinibbana. They take that nibbana for him to abide in arises -na cuti-death. immediately after his parinibba - Whereas in milindapaha pali, only in the example of . fire, in the example of cakkaratana carriage, the present state of appearing (of fire and cakkaratana carriage) is mentioned; but on the side of nibbana the state of appearing is not mentioned. The only encountering nibbana is mentioned thus: "samma patipanno . - nibbanam sacchikaroti". Therefore in milindapaha pali, even . -na to exist, there is though there is no direction, no place for nibba certainly nibbana. If the dhamma can well be practised, nibbana can certainly be encountered. So far this meaning is understood.

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

21

awmfbk&m;BuD;

usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

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ma on Nibba na
i = The Manual of Nibbana)
edAmefEipyfvsO;f aomt&mXmewd y#da0"Pfjzihf edAmef S fh Yk udk ypu'| jrifawmfrMl uukeNf y;D aom t&d,mwd\ EIwxupum;awmf d Yk f G f rsm;onfom yrmPjzpfonf/ edAmefudk ypu'd|rjrifzl;Muukefaom yk*dKvfwdkY\pum;jzpfcJhvQif usrf;a&;q&mwdkY\ usrf;*efpum;yif jzpfaomfvnf; pdwcsomonfr[kwao;/ odaomfvnf; edAmefpum;rSm f f Yk rSm;rnf? wdrf;rnfudk tvGefBuD;aMumifhMupdk;&drfzG,fr&Sd/ aAm"dyud,w&m; (37) yg;wdkYrSmom rSm;rnf? wdrf;rnfudk tvGefaMumifhMupdk;&drfcGifh&Sdonf/ aAm"dyud,w&m; (37) yg;wdkYudk tm;xkwjf cif;rS uif;vGwaomolwonf edAmefpum; b,fvtrSeukd f Ykd kd f yif ajymqdkaeukefaomfvnf; xdkedAmefESifhtvGefa0;uGmMuukef\/ Oyrm/ / cdkifNrJpGmaom BudK;vGefwdkYjzifh ajc? vufwdkYudk tusyf t wnf ; wk y f c snf opf a zmif B uD ; ay:wif jrpf j yif arQmtyfukef aomolwdkYonf rsuawmifwpfcwfrQ r&yfrem;Muuker f f l atmufwpfciyifv,f&&m a&aMumif;tvkuom arsmMuavuke&m\/ G f dS d f f xdkolwdkYonf tnmpum;udk trSeftuefajymqdkMuukefaomfvnf; olwdkYajymqdk&m tnmt&yfESihfrlum; Mumava0;avomjzpfMuukef\/ twl aAm"dyu,w&m; (37) yg;wdukd tm;rxkwMf uukerl d Yk f tpm;umr*kPf? t0wftmHkumr*kPf? ae&m? xdkif&m? tdyf&m? ausmif;? uef? t&dyftm0go umr*kPfBudK;vGefwdkYjzihf tusyftwnf; wkyfcsnf t0dZmw&m;\ yGm;rsm;&m? yGm;rsm;aMumif; yknbdocFg& tyknmbdocFg& w&m;wdkYudkom aeYpOfvkdufpm; tm;xkwfMuukefojzihf tyg,f (4) yg;wnf;[laom atmufwpfcGif 0#f (3) yg;wnf;[laom yifv,f&Sd&modkYom a&aMumif;vkdufaeYpOfarsmygaeMuukefaom olwdkY onf edAmefpum;udk trSeftuef &Hzef&Hcg ajymqdkukefjim;aomfvnf; olwajymqd&m tnmedAmefEirum; Mumava0;avomjzpfMuukeonf/ Ykd k S hf l f edAmefpum;udk trSm;twdrf;ajymqdkMuukefjim;aomfvnf; aAm"dyu,w&m;wdukd trSetuefo ae&mwustm;xkwMf uuke d Yk f d f rdru,cEm Bu;D us,pmzH;k vTr;f rduraeaom t0dZmarSmifwuBf u;D \ d dk f f G k f J kd jyufysuf&m? jy,faysmufaMumif; tyg,fADZ? 0ADZ? 'kuADZ? b0ADZ? oHo&mADZjzpfMuukefaomukodkvf? tukodkvfuHa[mif;? uHopfwdkY\
In connection with this nibbana, the only words of ariya -na by penetrating ennoble ones who have already seen nibba lightenment are the pamana-authority. If the words are of the persons who have never seen nibbana, even though they are authors words of the books, still they can never be taken safely. But don't fear too much for mistaking the words about nibbana. Only in the bodhipakkhiya dhamma, the 37 factors pertaining to the enlightenment, the mistaken ideas are much to be feared. Those who are not practising the 37 bodhipakkhiya dhamma and however talking rightly about nibbana, they are very far away -na. from that nibba Example Those who have already been bound hand and foot lightly and put on a big timber raft and drifted along the river, without stopping for the wink of an eye, may float down stream towards the sea. Even though they are talking rightly about the upland, yet they are farther and farther away from that upland they are talking about. Similarly those who do not practise the 37 bodhipakkhiya dhammas by being bound tightly with the ropes of sensual lust for the objects, namely, food, clothes, dwelling places of seats and beds, houses, monasteries, water pools, lakes, shading places and induldge daily in them developing avijja -bhisankhara apoabhisankhara formation ignorance, poa good, formation evils, are carried down stream daily towards the four lower worlds, the sea of three vattas. Even though they sometimes happen to talk rightly about nibbana, yet they are merely farther and farther away from the upland nibbana they are talking about. Even though they may talk wrongly about nibbana, as they understand rightly bodhipakkhiya dhammas and practise properly to dispell the great darkness of avijja-ignorance which envelops in their bodies, practise daily to defeat new and old, good and evil kama actions, the seeds of apaya four lower worlds of suffering, the seeds of vat t a, the seeds of dukkha-suffering, ..

by

LEDI SAYADAW

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ijy|mef;onf/

. - the seeds of bhava rebirths, the seeds of samsara; those who are rowing up stream stage by stage of practice towards the vivatt.a . dhamma, the upland nibbana, the seven visuddhi purification may talk wrongly about nibbana, but they will indeed reach ulti-na. mate nibba . There is the samsara mahaogha, the great current; there . is also a way out of that samsara mahaogha, going up to the shore; there is also away floating down to the middle of maha ogha, the great current were there is no shore. Six oghas . The eye in the present body is one of the endless samsa ra mahaoghas, great current. The ear, the nose, the tongue, the . body and the mind are also each endless samsara mahaogha. -yatana make 6 endless Thus the total 6 internal bases ajjhattika . samsara mahaogha the great currents. Of those 6 mathaoghas; the eye in its internal body has . no origin in the samsara so as to determine the time when it begins; it is too long; the dormain of the eye is as deep as maha av1ci, the great hell; as wide as the endless east, west, south, -north; it can extend to the infinite cakkavala universes. The thinking and clinging to his internal eye base as . 'my eye, I see, my body' is the drowning in the eye samsara maha ogha, the great current. The enjoying, induldging in the visual objects is the down floating in the middle of shoreless mahaogha, the great current. . These beings in multitude are drowned in their eye samsa ramahaogha, the great current respectively for the endless period of samsara round of rebirths and are floating down only in the middle of shoreless mahaogha, the great current up till now. Now, there is the thinking and clinging to his internal eye as 'my eye, I see, my body'. The disappearing, the cessation. appeasement of that clinging is the other shore of the eye samsa ramahaogha, the great current. The man who is drowned the floating down in the eye ocean, when freed from his clinging to his eye, will reach the . other shore of eye samsaramahaogha, the great current. You should do the work of dispelling the great darkness of avijja-ignorance which covers that eye, to abandon the lustful enjoyment and induldgence in the visual objects and cut out the clinging to the present eye. That work is the up-stream rowing to the upland nibbana, the other shore of eye-samsaramahaogha, the great current. [This is the talk about Bhava and abhava] Payogasampatti Payoga, the work of dispelling the darkness of avijjaignorance present in his eye means the work of contemplating to realize the impermanence, suffering, disease, broil, etc., the defects ad1-navas that come from 40 bhavana development. It is the work of contemplation on the eye to attain the knowledge of impermanence, dukkha-suffering and selflessness (aniccavijja a -ana, anattavijjaana.) - na, dukkhavijja . Example There is a broil on his body; the very tiny maggots

qkwepf&m? qkwepfaMumif;udom aeYpOfvupm;tm;xkwMf uukeojzihf f f k dk f f 0dok'd (7) yg;wnf;[laom txufwpfcGif edAmefwnf;[laom 0d0"r &Sd&modkYom y#dywdtpOfvdkuf avSmfcwfqefwuf aeMuukefaomolwdkY onf edAmefpum;udk twdrf;trSm;ajymqdkrdMuukefjim;aomfvnf; pifppf {uefwu,frSefaom edAmefodkYom a&mufMuayukefvwHU/ oHo&mwnf;[laom terw* r[mMoCBuD;onf&Sd\/ xdkoHo&mr[mMoCBuD; urf;&Sd&modkYqefwufaom vrf;vnf;&Sd\/ urf;r&Sd&m r[mMotv,fodkY pkefarsmaomvrf;vnf;&Sd\/ MoC (6) yg;/ / rdrd,ck&Sdaeaom udk,fcEm puKonf terw*oHo&mr[mMoCBuD; (1) yg;? aomw? Cme? Zd0Sm? um,? raemwdkYonfvnf; terw*oHo&m r[mMoCBuD;wpfyg; wpfyg;pD? odkYvQif tZwdum,wew&m; 6 yg;onf terw*oHo&m r[m MoCBuD; (6) yg;jzpf\/ xdk (6) yg;wdkYwGif rdrd\ tZwoEmef puKonf terw* oHo&mwGif tb,ftcgupjzpfonf[k tpjzpf&mumvyifr&Sd? tvGef&Snfvsm;\/ e,ftm;jzifh puK\jzpf&me,fonf r[mt0DpdodkY qdkufav\/ tus,tm;jzihf puK\jzpf&me,fonf ta&SU? taemuf? f awmif? ajrmuf tqHk;r&Sd? pMu0VmteEESHYjym;Edkif\/ rdrd\ tZwjzpfaom puK ig\puK[k xifrSwfpGJvrf;rI? igjrifonf[k xifrSwfpGJvrf;rI? ig\udk,f[k xifrSwfpGJvrf;rIonf puK oHo&mr[mMoCBuD; epfrIjrKyfrIaywnf;/ rdrd\tZwpuKjzihfjrif& aom tmH0wKwukd om,mrI? vdupm;rIwonf urf;r&S&m r[mMoC k Ykd k f Ykd d BuD;tv,f pkefarsmaejcif;aywnf;/ ow0gtaygif;wdonf toD;toD; rdrd rdrw\ puKoo&m Yk d Ykd H r[mMoCBuD; terw*oHo&m umvywfvHk; epfjrKyf urf;r&Sd&m r[mMoCBuD;\ tv,fom ,aeYxufwdkif twGifpkefarsm aeMu ukef\/ ,ckrdrd\ tZwt*Fgjzpfaeaom puK ig\puK[k xifrSwfpGJvrf;rI? igjrifonf[k xifrSwfpGJvrf;rI? ig\udk,f[k xifrSwf pGvrf;rIonf&\/ xdpvrf;rI\ aysmufuif;csKyNf ir;f jcif;onf puKoo&m J dS k JG d H r[mMoCBuD;\ wpfzufurf;aywnf;/ rdrd\udk,ft*Fgjzpfaom puKork'&m epfjrKyfarsmygae& aomolonf rdr\puK rdr\pGvrf;jcif;jywfuif;aomtcg puKoo&m d d J H r[mMoCBuD;\ urf;odkYqdkufav\/ rsufpdjzihfjrif&aom tmHk0wKom,mrI? vdkufpm;rIwdkYudk kyfodrf;y,f&Sm; ,ck&Sdaeaom rdrdpuK wG,fwmpGJvrf;jcif;udk jywfuif;apjcif;iSm xdkpuKrSm zHk;vTrf;aeaom t0dZmarSmifvHk;BuD;? arSmifcBJ u;D ? arSmifwuBf u;D udk y,f&m;rIwvijfh cif;ya,m*udk jyKMuuke&m kd S f T f \/ xdkya,m*rIonf rdrdpuKoHo&mr[mMoCBuD;\ wpfzufurf;&Sd &m tnmodkYqefwufavSmfcwfaom trIpkaywnf;/ (um; bm0? tbm0ES i f h p yf a om pum;pk w nf ; /) d d kd ya,m*or wd/ / rdr\puK&Saeaom t0dZmarSmifwuBf u;D w udk y,f&Sm;rIwfvTihfjcif; ya,m*rIqdkonfum;- rdrdpuK\ tedptjzpf? 'kutjzpf? a&m*tjzpf? *@tjzpf tp&Sdaom bm0em 40 rSmvmaom tjypfa'go tm'De0wdukd twyfjrifEi?f xifEiatmif Munhym;rsm;jcif; Yk kd kd f f I G ya,m*rIukd qdownf;/ puK tedp0ZmPf? 'ku0ZmPf? tew0Zm k d d d Pfudk&atmif tm;xkwfrIaywnf;/ d k f k Oyrm/ / Oyrmum;- rdr\ud,t*FgrSm temwpfconf

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf Ak'\"rw&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/ &S d & m\/ xd k t emrS m tvG e f o d r f a rG U ao;i,f v S p G m aom oH a o'Z ydk;avmufi,fwdkYonfusf w&G&Gaeukef\/ xdkolonfrlum; rsufpdrSm yg'&uftcdk;BuD;vS yuwdrsufpdESihfMunhfIav&m xdkydk;avmufi,fwdkY udk rdru,tom;aumif;yif xifav xdtom;\ yGm;rsm;jynhNf zKd ;jcif; d dk f k udom tvd&\/ tom;EkwufayNy[k 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om&S\/ yd;k avmuf k k dS D d i,fwuu ,m;,Honfukd tom;Ekwuf ,m;,Honf[xifav\/ Ykd kd f k wpf&Haomtcg MunfvSpGmaom rSefbDvl;jzihfMunhfav&m yd;k avmufwukd tukejf rifav\/ xdtcgrS oJwe?f tlwef aMumuf&UHG jcif; Ykd k k jyif;pGm jzpfav\/ pdwfcs rtdyfEdkif? rpm;Edkif&Sdav\/ xdkydk;avmufwdkY raysmufbJ wm&SnfaecJhvQif twGif;a& twGif;om;wdkYudk twGifpm; txJoYkd tonf;ESv;kH wdif rMumrDay: oGm;tHaomtcGiukd ajrmfjrif k h hf tvGefvQifpdk;&drfjcif;jzpfav\/ Oyrm1/ temESihf udk,fcEmwl\/ 2/ ydk;avmufi,fwdkYESifh puKyom'kyfpkwl\/ 3/ yg'&ufrsufpdESifh yuwdaom ykxkZOf\ Pfrsufpdwl\/ 4/ t0dZmESifh yg'&ufcdk;pkwl\/ 5/ rSebv;l udk pD&ifaomq&mESifh bm0em (40) udk a[mawmf f D rlaom t&Sifom&dykw&mr[max&fBuD;wl\/ 6/ rSebv;l Bu;D ESifh tedp0ZmPf? 'ku0ZmPf? tew0Zm f D d d d Pfwl\/ 7/ ydk;avmufwdkYudk rdrd\udk,faoG;? udk,fom;aumif; xifrSwf onfESihf rdrdudk,ft*Fgjzpfaeaom puKudk ig\puK[k xifrSwfpGJvrf; rI? xdkxdk0wKudk jrifaomtcg igjrifonf[k xifrSwfpGJvrf;rI? puKudkyif touf&Sifaom twZD0[k pGJvrf;rIwl\/ 8/ rSebv;l ESiMhf unhaomtcgrS rdr\tom;r[kw?f touf\ f D f d touf\tE&m,fujkd yKEiaom yd;k avmufawG w&G&jG rif&avvQif cP kd f csif; cPcsif;jzpfrI? csKyfrI w&G&Gaeaom aAm"dyud,w&m;udk yGm;rsm; ojzihf tedp0dZmPf? 'ku0dZmPf? tew0dZmPfESihf rdrd\puKudk MunhfIaomtcgrS cPcsif; cPcsif;jzpfrI? ysufrI w&G&Gaeaom puK "mwfi,frIwdkYudk jrif&rIwl\/ 9/ ydk;avmufwdkYudk jrif& ydk;avmufrSef;odonfESihf wpfNydKif euf xdkydk;avmufwdkYtwGufjzpfyGm;oGm;&ef trsdK;rsdK;aom 'kuBuD;i,f aMumufrufzG,fawGudk jrifoGm;onfESihf xdkpuK&Sdaom (40) aom aMumufrufzG,fawGudk jrifoGm;rIwl\/ tvGeorarGUaom yd;k avmufi,fwrmvnf; &G&&&G vIy&m;rI f d f Ykd S G G f S udk jrifryif rdru,u t*Fgr[kw?f yd;k avmufawGjzpfaMumif;udk xif&m; S d kd f S avouJhodkY? rdrd\ rsufpd (2) vHk;rSm&Sdaom puK"mwfi,fwdkYrSmvnf; &G&G&G&G cPcsif; cPcsif;jzpfrI? ysufrI[laom O'yA,rIwdkYudk jrifrSom puKonf ow0gr[kwf? puKonf igr[kwf? 'kutpkrQomjzpfonf[k xif&Sm;avonf/ (um; terw*oHo&mESihftrQ tedp0dZmPf? 'ku0dZm Pf? tew0dZmPf[laom rSefbDvl;udk r&onhftwGuf ,aeYxuf wdkif rdrdepfrGef;arsmygvmcJhaom rdrd\puKoHo&mr[mMoCBuD;\ urf;wpfbufoYkd rdrqefwuf&maom ya,m*orwukd jyqdaompum; d d k &yfwnf;/) (qufvufazmfjyygrnf/)

23

happen to germinate actively. When that man having a cloudy vision, looks at them, mistakes them to be his good flesh and desires to develop it; he is delighted with the thought that the new flesh is rising up. He mistakes the biting of tiny maggots and the itching to be the itching caused by the rising up of new flesh. Once when looking through a clear microscope, all the maggots are seen. Only them he gets greatly terrified with his liver and intestines trembling. He cannot sleep well; he cannot eat well. He fears so much for he expects if those maggots do not disappear but lust long they will eat way the inner layer of the skin and the inter flesh till the liver, the heart and the intestines will be seen. In this example 1. The broil is similar to this body. 2. The tiny maggots are similar to the eye-base. 3. The sick eye is similar to the very mind-eye of puthujjana worlding. 4. The clouds in the eye are similar to avijja. 5. The inventor of the microscope is similar to the Ven. Sariputta mahathera who has already expounded the 40 -vna development. bha 6. The microscope is similiar to the knowledge - - aniccavijjaana, dukkhavijjaana, anattavijjaa. 7. Thinking maggots to be his own good flesh and blood is similar to the thinking and clinging to the eye which is a part of his body to be 'my eye'. On seeing those visual objects, thinking, and clinging to those objects as 'I see' and even the eye as aliving attajiva, a self and a life. 8. Only when looking through a microscope, the sight of active maggots, not his own flesh, which can be adanger to life is similer to the instand appearing and vanishing of active eye element, when developing bodhipakkhiya dhamma and seeing with the knowledge of imperma nence, dukkha-suffering and selflessness (aniccavijja - - nana,. duddha-vijjaana and anattavijjaana) 9. On seeing the maggots, as soon as knowing that they are maggots, the fearful sight of coming various big or small troubles of sufferings is similar to the insight of 40 (bhavana) fearful things in that eye. Only when seeing the active movements just as knowing clearly that they are not a part of his body, they are maggots; just so the eye- element in the two eyes is prominent only when seeing the udayabbaya ana, momentary appearing and momentary vanishing, it is prominent that the eye is not a person, the eye is not a being, the eye; is not I, it is only a mass of dukkhasuffering.' [This is the talk showing: "As he does not get the microscope of the knowledge of impermanence, suffering and self- - - lessness, aniccavijjaana, dukkhavijjaana, anattavijjaana; and showing the payoga sampatti, the work of rowing up stream to . the other shore of the eye-samsaramahaogha, the great current in which he was drowned and floating down up till now."] (To be continue)

DHAMMA TALKS

24

"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

ygvmNyD;om;yg? ygrSmvm;
Ak a ' g &o- t&S i f E m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&- arS m f b D )

You have already had Haven't you?

buddho Rasa Ashin Inda cariya, (Bodhi yakenyain Tawya, Hmawbi) ur K em 0w w d avmaum? ur K em 0w w d yZm/ ur e d AE e m ow m ? &xm PD0 ,m,awm/ owavmuBuD;[m uHaMumihfjzpf&w,f/ ow0gawG[mvnf; uHaMumifhjzpf&w,f/ ow0gwdkYudk uHwdkYonf oGm;aeaom &xm;vSnf;em;apmihfuJhodkY zGJUcsnfxm;ygw,f/ ukodkvfuHaMumihf ausmfapmowif; yef;vdkoif; &w,f? csD;rGrf;cH&w,f/ tukodkvfuHaMumifh qHk;IH;ysufpD;&w,f? owfjzwfnif;yef; ESdyfpufjcif;? aESmifzGJUjcif;cH&w,f/ t0dZm wPSmruif;Muao;vdkY oHo&mtwGif; avQmufvSrf; aeorQawmh ukodkvf? tukodkvfajcvSrf;awG a&m>yrf;aeMurSmjzpfw,f/ twdw?f ypKye?f tem*wf umvoH;k &yf bHo;kH xyfrm ukovu?H k S kd f tukodkvfuHwdkY\ taMumif;tusdK;qufquf vnfaeMu&w,f/ rwlnatmifjyKMuwJh uHtaMumif;awGu zefw;D ay;vkuaom D d f tcg ow0gawG[m uHcsif;rwlMu? tusdK;ay;jcif;rwlMujzpf&w,f/ oHo&mwpfcGifrSm b0awGutvDvD XmeDawGutrsdK;rsdK;? tusdK;ay;awGu tzHkzHk? pdkufpHk trdkufpHkb0awGudk ausmfjzwf&awmh aumif;usdK;ay;r,hf aumif;uHawGvnf; wdwfwqdwfygvmNrJ? raumif; usdK;ay;r,hf raumif;uHawGuvnf; t&dyfozG,fygvmNrJjzpfw,f/ vloGm;av&m t&dyfygovdk ow0gawG&JUaemufodkY aumif;? raumif;uHawGu xufMuyfruGmvkdufaew,f/ vuf&SdZeD;r,m;? orD;om;ESihf pD;yGm;awG? aqGrsdK;wdawGu wpfb0om awGUEdiw,f/ uHw&m;uawmh oihaemufwaumufaumuf k f f vdkufygaeygw,f/ oifh&JUoHo&mc&D;tazmf[m uHomjzpfygw,f/ aumif;uHyg awmh tazmfaumif;&w,f/ raumif;uHygawmh razmfraumif;&w,f/ tazmfaumif; raumif;uawmh rdrdvkyf&yfay:rSm rlwnfaeygw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu ow0gawG[m uHomvQif udk,fydkif Opm&Sdw,f? uHomvQif tarGcHOpm&Sdw,f? uHomvQif taMumif;&if;&Sdw,f? uHomvQif taqGcifyGef;&Sdw,f? oHomvQif ykef;atmif;vJavsmif;rSDcdk&m&Sdw,f? [k a[mMum; xm;ygw,f/ 'Dawmh vuf&u,yiwypn;f ? ud,yiwtarG? vuf&dS taqG dS kd f kd f hJ k f kd f hJ cifyGef; om;orD; ZeD;? vuf&SdrSDcdk&mawG[m udk,fydkifppfppfr[kwf twk awG[mjzpfw,f/ twkqdkrSawmh tppfavmuf wefzdk;r&Sdwwf? wpfyGJwdk; rQom jzpfygw,f/ yGJwdkif;wdk;r&qdkwm PfrDatmif odygav/ b0oH o &mrS m uH v rf ; ay:avQmuf a eMuwmjzpf a wmh
Kammuna vattati Loko, Kammunavattati paja. - satta, Kammani bandhana - niva yayato. rathassa . The world has come out because of kamma. All beings also emerge thank to Kamma. So the Kamma follows beings like the wheels binding with a cart. Some are famous because of their good kamma. Some are destroyed and some are killed because of their bad Kamma.There are good deeds and bad deed that are mixed together through the cycle of rebirth. The good deed and bad deed alternate due to cause and effect in the past, in the present and in the future. When the different Kamma they do create, all beings have different Kamma. Going through the cycle of rebirth, there are various kinds of kamma which are good deeds and bad deed following to all beings like shadow in scilence. There are shadows following the human being and similarly good deeds and bad deeds also follow the human beings. The present wife, properties, relative, sons and daughters that you can meet for only present lift but the kamma follow you through the cycle of rebirth. So your kamma is your friend in the cycle of rebirth. If your friend is good deeds, you will get good friend. If your friend is bad deed, you will get bad friend and it depends on you. According to Buddha teaching, all beings have kamma as their heirs. Their kamma are their cause and effect. Their kamma are their good friends and also their reliable things. Thus the present properties, the present good friends, the present wife, the present sons and daughter are not real. So the imitation is not as valuable as reality and it can be used for a while. Some become human, celestial and Vyhma thank to their good deed' some are reborn in realms of continuous suffering or as an animal or as an ever - hungry being (peta) because of their bad deeds. They make good deed and bad deed again and again or repeatedly. In this way, the good deeds and bad deeds they do piles up behind them waiting to pay. Just now, we have in health of body and long life span but we have already had kamma that are suffering from disease, short life spans and handicap. They are waiting to apy us. So anyone can die or suffer from disease or be blind and deaf or handicap in tomorrow Today the rich person can be poor in tomorrow. In fact we shouldn't be proud for our wealth, for our bad deeds are waiting for us to pay. Even a bagger may be rich because he did not only good deed but also bad deeds in the cycle of rebirth. Though your are poor in the present life but your good kamma may be waiting for you to pay. So you shouldn't feel depressed for being poor, you should do good kamma. There is a saying that we can not see our

DHAMMA TALKS
"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/ aumif;uH&JUydkYorIaMumihf vlYb0? ewfb0? aumif;psmef&JUydkYorIaMumihf jA[mb0? raumif;uH&JUydkYorIaMumihf i&J? wd&pmef? Nydwm? tol&um,f b0awG a&mufcJhMuw,f/ b0wki;frmvnf;aumif;? raumif;uHawGu xyfxyfjyKaeav d S awmh ow0gwpfO;D wpfa,muf\aemufu,aumif;uH? raumif;uHawG G f pkyHkaeawmhwmyJ? tJ'DuHawGu wpfcsdefcsdefrSm tusdK;ay;ygvdrhfr,f/ ,ckb0rSm ouf&nuse;f rm ud,t*FgawG jynhpae&ygaomf S f k f f kH vnf; toufwdkzdkYuH? a&m*gjzpfzdkYuH? udk,ft*FgcsdKU,Gif;zdkYuHawGu &Sdae rSmyJ/ tusdK;ay;cGihfromao;vdkY tusdK;ray;ao;wmyJ&Sdaewm/ tcg tcGihfoifhvQif tusdK;ay;zdkY t&efoihfapmihfaeygw,f/ 'Dawmh ,aeY ae&ayr,hf reufjzefaoEdkifygw,f/ ,aeYusef;rmayr,hf reufjzef a&m*gjzpfEdkifygw,f/ ,aeYudk,ft*FgjynhfpHkaeayr,hf reufjzef rsufpd uef;jcif;? em;yif;jcif;? ajcvuft*FgcsdKU,Gif;jcif; ponfrsm; jzpfEkdifyg w,f/ ,aeYoaX;jzpfaeaomfvnf; reufjzef qif;&Jom;jzpfom;Ediw,f/ l G k f ig jynhpcsr;f omaew,fvYkd rmefwufraeeJ?Y raumif;uHawGu tusKd ;ay; f kH zdkY rsufpypfaew,f/ raumif;uHu tusdK;ay;omvdkY olawmif;pm; qif;&Jom;jzpf aeayr,hf olcsrf;omwpfa,mufjzpfoGm;Edkifw,f/ bmjyKvdkYvnf;qdkawmh oHo&mrSm raumif;uHawGcsnf;yJ jyKwmrSr[kwfbJ? aumif;uHawGjyKxm;wmvnf; &SdcJhzl;w,f/ oifqif;&J aeayr,h?f aumif;uHtusKd ;ay;zdYk apmifaeygw,f/ tusKd ;ray;Ediao;vdYk h k f om &yfMunhfae&wmjzpfw,f/ 'Dawmh igqif;&Jw,f[k pdwf"mwfusaezdkYrvdk? aumif;uHawG jyKzdkYomvdkygw,f/ ]]uHxrf;vmwm rjrifEdkifbl;}} [k a&S;qdkdk;pum; t&Sd om;rdkY rjrifEdkifwJhuHrsm;udk aumif;uHaumif;Pfjzihf BudK;pm;ae&rSm jzpfygw,f/ rsd K ;aph w l p G m ,m'doH 0yaw rDZH? wm'd o H [&aw zvH / uvsmPum&D uvsmPH ? ygyum&D p ygyuH / tcsdKrsdK;aphpdkufysdK;ygvQif tcsdKoD; aumif;pGm oD;\/ tcg;rsdK;aphpdkufysdK;ygvQif tcg;oD; aumif;pGm oD;\/ xdkYtwlom- aumif;uHjyKolonf aumif;usdK;&\/ raumif;uHjyKolonf raumif;usdK;&\/ tJ'g[m ured,mrjzpfw,f/ vuF m 0dyguf[onf? Mumr&Sncif? jyefvnfwwfrsKd ;? raumif;usKd ;jzih?f l f aemufydk;vkdufwuf? olYudkzsufu? udk,fysufwwfpGm? olxufom&Sihf/ apwem qd;k aumif;? taMumif;ESpjf zm? vl&m0,f? "rwmtd;k ? Y G yrmEdI;rl? cg;rsdK;csdKrsdK;? aphpdkufysdK;u? xdkrsdK;tvm;? rjcm;wlNyD;? cg;csdKoD;odkY? om;Bu;D rif;ysKd ? rSwyuoavm ? oluo&rf;? raMumhMurf;ESi?fh vlEr;f udp? f kd f Ykd kd S usKd ;rvSb;l ? ed,mrrsKd ;? aumif;tqd;k wnh?f jypfusKd ;ESpyg;? jzpfwwfjim;\? f bk&m;aomfrS rvGwf&bl;/ (rCa'0vuF m ) oHo&mc&D;vrf; uHxrf;avQmufaeolawG[m twdw?f tem*wf?
good kamma. The same seeds . . Yadisam. vappate m1jam, . . Tadisam harate phalam. . Kalyana Kari Kalyanam, . - Papakar1ca Papakam. If you plant the sweet seeds, you must get sweet fruits. If you plant the bitter seeds, you must get bitter fruits. So good deeds is good result and bad deeds is bad result. On the other hand, it is law of nature. "Figurative Speech" If you plant the sweet seeds, you must pay for it. It you destroy other, you will be destroyed more than them. It is law of kamma. If you plant sweet seeds, you must get sweet fruits and if you plant bitter fruits. So never do bad deeds and even our lord Buddha was not free from his bad kamma. In the cycle of rebirth, a person's course and effect is concerned with his past, his future and his present life. He is forced by the power of his kamma. Being reborn in kins-man of wealthy person at the present life or nut being reborn like that depend on the past good kamma. So a person who had good fortune in the past can be a kins- man of the king and kins- man of the wealthy person. Having long life span, great strength and nut being handicap also depend on their past good kamma. Not only that but also the person kamma wisdom and diligence concern with them. The destiny of A nanda There was a rich person called Ananda a in Savathi. Forty crores was belong to him but he was very mean. He held the meeting with his relative giving instruction for his son, Mulathiri. "Dear son, Never think of yourself as a rich person, Never donate your properties to anyone, try to increase your properties. If you spend a penny, your properties will be dwindled away." "The stone for eyes is thinner and thinner by rubbing. Termites collect the ground to be a small hill and the bees also collect the nector to get their house. So save your money your house." When he passed away longing his properties, he was conceived in the beggar. near the Savathi and kept five golden pots before he died. The king Kosala gave the title of the wealthy person to his son. As soon as Arnanda was conceived, one thousand baggers from the village were harded to beg than before and got penniless. They thought that there was a wiked person among them. So they devided all the beggers from the village into two groups. In this way, they found Ananda parents among them. They drove out his mother out of village and she gave birth him not having square meal. He was so ugly that the organs on his body were irregularly. His mother loved him so much and could not give up him. It was the power of mother's loving kindness. When she went to usual place to beg with her son, she got nothing because of her son's bad deed. Only when she left her son in her house, she got something. When he grew up, he also begged every house. One day when he reached his previous house, he remembered his

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"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

past life and went in to the house. At first the guards from three arches did not hear him. On arriving the fourth arch way, the son of Mulathiri saw him and cried out loudly. The servants in Mulathiri's house beat and pounded him. Moreover they dreive out him and threw him at the heap of rubbhis. Going on alms round following Shin Ananda, the Buddha arrived that place and talk about the wealthy person of A -. So Shin Ananda called Mulathiri all the crowed also folnanda lowed him. The Buddha asked Malthiri if he knew that child or nut. Not knowing that child, he confused it. So the Buddha told him that the boy was his father but he did not believe it. The Buddha told the boy to show the five golden pots he kept. In this way, Mulatheri believed about it and paid homage to lord Buddha. The Buddha kept on expounding Dhamma. Nothing to depend Putta matthi dhana matth1, iti balo vihaati, -hi attane natthi, atta . Kuto putta Kuto dhanam. I have beloved children and properties. In this way, not knowing imperminance, a fool is worried because of attachment. Being destroyed his beloved children and properties, he was not fresh enough to donate, his belongings. By the time he is dying, there is nothing to bring and there are no children and properties. On finishing the Buddha teaching, most of beings attained Sotapati fruition. Although Ananda has god kamma as a rich person, he attached his properties and he was so mean that he could not donate his properties. Thus he became a begger and beg nothing in the second life. He could not bring his properties to next life and Moreover he was beaten and pounded by the servants form his own house. So only good kamma and bad kamma you can bring through you life. It you want to meet kamma you must do good deeds. ( To be continute )

ypKyeumvawGrm taMumif;tusKd ;qufaeMuygw,f/ urowpr;f tm; f S d G \ wGef;ydkYorIudk cH&ygw,f/ ,ckrsufjrifavmurSm rif;rsdK;? olaX;? ol<u,frsdK;wdkYjzpfjcif;? xdktrsdK;wdkY rjzpfapumrl csrf;om<u,f0jcif;wdkY[m twdwfu BuD;rm; aom aumif;uHrsm;ygvmNyD;om;jzpfygw,f/ twdwfuHaumif;olwdkYom rif;rsdK;? ol<u,frsdK;ponhf csrf;omrsdK;wdkYudk &Edkifygw,f/ touf&njf cif;? csr;f omjcif;? cGetm;Bu;D jcif;? ud,t*FgjynfpkH S f k f h jcif;wdkY[mvnf; twdwfuHaumif;jcif;wdkY ygvmNyD;om;jzpfw,f/ qif;&Jjcif;? toufwjkd cif;? ud,t*FgrjynhpjkH cif;paom qd;k usKd ; k f f rsm;[mvnf; twdwuraumif;jcif;wdaMumifjh zpfygw,f/ ,if;wdvnf; f H Yk Yk ygvmNyD;om;jzpfygw,f/ xdkaumif;usdK;qdk;usdK;awG[m twdwfuHygvmNyD;om;jzpfovdk ypKyefuH? Pf? 0D&d,awGvnf; yg&ao;w,f/ tmeE m &J U uH M ur m om0wdjynfrSm tmeEmolaX;BuD;wpfa,muf&Sdw,f/ uka# av;q,f<u,f0csrf;omw,f/ tvGefESajrm0efwdkw,f/ (15) &ufwdkif; aqGrsdK;awGudk pnf;a0;yGJac: rlvoD&dtrnf&SdwJhom;udk qHk;rw,f/ cspom;..uka#av;q,fypn;f awG[m rsm;vSNy[k rSwraeeJ?Y f D f &Swypn;f wdukd ray;urf;rvSL'gef;tyfb;l ? topfp;D yGm;wdukd wd;k yGm;ap& d hJ Yk Yk w,f/ tojymwpfcukd ukeatmifvyotm; Opm[m wjznf;jznf;ukef k f k f l w,f/ rsufpOf;aoG;ausmuf[m aoG;ygrsm;vQif ukefw,f/ ydk;? &G? cs wdkY[m awmifydkYjzpfatmif pkw,f/ ysm;wdkY[m ysm;vydkYjzpfatmif pkw,f/ tJ'gudkMunhf pD;yGm;pkum tdrfrSmtkyfcsKyf&w,f[k qHk;rw,f/ xdkolaX;BuD;u aemiftcg a&Ttdk;BuD;ig;vHk;udk om; ]]rlvoD&d}} udk rajymMum;bJ Opmudrjzpfaom ESajrm0efwjkd cif;rsm;jzihf aovGejf cif; k DS aMumihf xdkom0wdjynf\ wHcg;teD;&Gm 'Gef;p@m;r\0rf; y#doaE wnfavw,f/ yaoe'Daumovrif;Bu;D u olaX;Bu;D ao om; ]]rlvoD&}d } udk olaX;ae&m xm;w,f/ 'Gef;p@m;rsdK;wpfaxmifwdkY[m twlwuGom tcpm;trIudk jyK toufarG;jcif;udkjyKav&m? tmeEmolaX;BuD; y#doaEaeonfrS p tcaMu;aiG r&? rQwHkrQvnf;r&? vHk;0r&MuaomaMumihf igwdkY txJrSm vl,kwfrm&Sdwef&m[k ESpfzdkYcGJMuw,f/ toD;oD;wpf0ufpDcGJ&m xdktmeEmolaX;BuD;\rdbwdkY[m toD;tjcm; odomxif&Sm;awmh\/ 'Dawmh tmeEmolaX;\ rdcif'Gef;p@mrudk ESifxkwfMuojzihf xGucmcJ&w,f/ 'Ge;f p@m;ronf r0a&pmpm;om om;udzm;jrif&&Sm f G h k G w,f/ xdkuav;[m vuf? ajc? rsufpd? em;? ESmacgif;? cHwGif;wdkY[m &SdNrJaomae&mr&SdbJ t*FgcsdKU,Gif;ojzihf ajrzkwfbDvl;uJhodkY tqif;rvS jzpf&w,f/ rdcifonf kyfqdk;wJh'kutdk;om;av;udk rpGefYypfEdkifonhftjyif vlpOfrrSDvdkYydkcspfae&w,f/ 'guawmh rdcif&JUjzLpifwJharwmowdawG yg/ rdcif'Gef;p@m;ronf xdkuav;udkayGUcsDoGm;aomaeYwGif &aeusae&mrSmawmif wpfpwpfcrr&? uav;udtrrmxm;oGm;aomf kH k S k d f S &aeusae&m&w,f/ xduav;t&G,a&mufaomf cGuwpfcay; awmif;pm;apyg k f f k onf/ xdkuav;onf tdrfpOftwkdif; vSnhfvnfawmif;onf&Sdaomf temeEmolaX;BuD;jzpfpOf a&S;,cifujzpfcJhzl;aomtdrfodkYa&mufoGm;NyD;

vQif b0a[mif;udk odpGrf;Edkifaom Zmwd&Pf&onfjzpf rdrdtdrf odkY 0if\/ a&S;OD;pGm wHcg;rkcfoHk;ckapmihfwdkY apmifholawG[m rodvkduf& bJ av;ckajrmufwHcg;a&mufvQif ]]rlvoD&d}} olaX;\om;i,fjrifvQif tvGefxdwfvefY idka<u;jrnfwrf;ukef\/ rlvoD&dolaX;\ tvkyftauR;tapmifhta&SmufwdkYonf xdkcGufjzihfawmif;pm; kyfqdk;vSwJhom;av;udk ]]bkef;usufoa&rJhaom [,f..ol,kwf? ,ck jrefjrefxGufoGm;avmh}} [k dkufykwfaxmif;xk ESifxkwfNyD; trdIufpGefY&m ypfxm;Muw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf t&SiftmeEmrax&faemufrSvkdufvsuf qGr;f cHvnvnfonf&aomf xdt&yfoa&mufawmfrvQif t&SitmeEmax&f S fh dS k Ykd l f udk xdtaMumi;fureawmfrojzihf t&SitmeEmax&fu rlvoD&oaX; k kd d Yf l f d l udk ac:\/ vltaygif;wdkYvnf; pnf;a0;vkdufvmMuukef\/ jrwfpmbk&m;onf rlvoD&oaX;udac:awmfr ]]oli,fukd G d l k l odyg\avm}}-[k ar;awmfrojzihf ]]rodygbk&m;}} [k avQmufxm;onf&dS l aomf ]]toif\zcif tmeEmolaX;BuD;aywnf;}} [k rdefYawmfrlojzihf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ rlvoD&dom;u r,HkMunfojzihf ]]tmeEmolaX;BuD; oif\om;tm; ig;vHk;aoma&Ttdk;BuD;udk ajymjyavmh}} [k bk&m;&Sifu rdefYawmfrlojzihf ,HkMunfavawmhonf/ xdk rlvoD&dolaX;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyfav\/ xdkYaemuf jrwfpGmbk&m;onf quf w&m;a[mawmfrlavonf tm;ud k ; &mr&S d ykwm rwd "e rwd? wd Amavm? 0d [ nwd / twm [d twaem ewd uk a wm yk w m uk a wm"eH / ar- ihgtm;? ykwm- cspfcifyGm;pD; om;orD;wdkYonf twdoEd- &Sdukefao;\/ ar- ightm;? "eH- a&TaiGpom; ypnf;Opmrsm;onf/ twd- &Sdacs\/ wd- odkY/ kd f kd k l dk f rmavm- tedpvuPmudk aumif;pGmrxif rjrifpupuf ykxZOfvruonf 0d[nwd- ork',aESmiftdrf aomu&SdefaMumihf pdk;&drfyifyef;&\/ wxmyd- xdkig\Opm om;ygorD;ysufpD;acs&m pdwfrSmndK;EGrf; rvSL'gef; Edkifatmif yifyef; aeao;aomfvnf; twaem- ao&manmifapmif; waysmif;acGacGa&m*gawGUaom rdrdtm; pmrsuf E S m 15 rS udk zl;jrif&jcif;wpfrsdK;jzpfwJhtwGuf? orP'er*FvmjzpfwJhtjyif? w&m;awmfudk ylaZmf&ma&mufwJhtwGuf ylZeD,r*FvmvJjzpfygw,f/ tqHk;trMo0g'udk oif,lqnf;yl;&ma&mufwJhtwGuf 0de,okodudw r*FvmvJjzpfygw,f/ oifawmfwtcgrSm w&m;awmfemMum;&wJtwGuf h hJ h vJyJ umave"rom0er*Fvm? "romupmr*FvmvJjzpfygw,f/ qHk;r oGeoifwtwdi;f vkuemjyKusi&wJtwGuf aom0pwmr*FvmvJyJ f hJ k d f fh h jzpfygw,f/ 'hgaMumihf &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;udk qnf;uyfudk;uG,folwdkif; &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;xHu w&m;"rvufaqmifaumif;rsm;rsm;&vmrS om? &[ef;oHCmrsm;udk qnf;uyf&usdK;eyfrSmjzpfygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY ausmif;ocFrf;rsm;udka&mufoGm;MuwJhtcgrSm? oHCmawmft&Sifjrwfrsm; xHrS qHk;rMo0g'cH,ljcif;? rodwm r&Sif;wmawGudk ar;jref;avQmufxm; jcif; pwJhudprsdK;awGeJYom tcsdefudkukefvGefapoifhMuygw,f/
Advantages of seening monks Advantages of seeing monks are of Four Kinds, such as opportunity of offering, worshipping, seeing and listening respectively. Seeing can be classified into two kinds, namely, to see . with flesh eyes (not real seeing) (Mam sacakkhu), and to see with through wisdom- eyes, that is, to see their virtues (a real seeing) (anacakkhu). It should be noted that if one is not possessed of a noble insight vision, one cannot be called a right seer or abserver. Only one who is possessed of the noble vision can classify the right seer and the wrong seer, and one who is not possessed of the noble vision cannot. Anguttara Tika Nipada, Titthana Sutta, mentioned that .. there were three points to know the persons believed in the Triple

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twmyd- ,liifp&m udk,fcEmrQvnf; ewd- r&SdawmhacsNyD ykwm- cspfcifyGm;pD; om;orD;wdkYrl ukawm twd- tb,frSm&SdygawmhtHhenf; "e- ypnf;Opmonfvnf; ukawm twd- tb,frSm &SdygawmhtHhenf;/ a'oemawmf\tqH;k rSm ow0gawG opmw&m;xl;udk odjrifMu NyD; tusdK;&Sdaom a'oemawmfjzpfawmfrlw,f/ tmeEmolaX;Bu;D [m twdwutaMumif;zef olaX;Bu;D b0 f H jzpfcJh&w,f/ &vmwJhOpmypnf;awGudk jrwfEdk;HkrQru pGJvef;avaawmh ray;&uf? rvSL&ufjzpfcJhNyD; olaX;BuD;b0rSajymif;oGm;aomtcg 'kwd, b0rSm olawmif;pm;jzpf&w,f/ olawmif;pm;jzpfwmawmif awmif;r& wJh olawmif;pm;jzpf&w,f/ 'Dypn;f awG[m wrvGeb0odYk ,lom;vdr&onhtjyif jzpf&m f G Yk f b0rS awmif;pm;&if; ud,yiwtra&mufawmh ol,wrmvdtajymcH& k f kd f hJ d f k f Yk NyD; dkufykwfjcif;awmif cH&w,f/ xdaMumihf b0oHo&mwGif vuf&ypn;f ,lom;vdr&? ukovf Yk dS G Yk kd uH tukodkvfawGom ygrSmaocsmygw,f/ aumif;wJhb0 aumif;wJhokcawG awGUcsifvQif aumif;uHawGjyKyg/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf/)
Gem and endowed with saddha as in the following:(1) To worship monks and persons endowed with morality and practice. (2) To listen to the dhamma of the virtuous. (3) To take delight in performing charity, (or) To be happy if there is offering.

a&S;ynm&SdBuD;rsm;\ tqdktrdefYrsm; ]]orPjA[P? bduKponf? emrac:Tef;? &[ef;&aoh? [loa&GUudk? zl;awGUajrmfI? MunfndKrIvnf;? wpfckrSwfav}} vdkY rHka&G; q&mawmfu orP'er*Fvm&JUoabmudk rdefYqdkxm;ygw,f/ ]]oljrwftrsm;? &[ef;tm;rl? jypfrm;r&S?d daobdu? jzefcsarwm? S k Y d udk,fhvdkyg\}} vdkY Mo0g'xl;ysdKUu qdkygw,f/ ]]odrfarGUtpm? acrm&nfrSef;? &[ef;wdkYtm;? &efjyKrSm;aomf? av;yg;y,faiGU? qif;&JawGU\}} vdkYvJyJ Mo0g'xl;ysdKUrSmqdkygw,f/ ]]ql;ESizufoi?f vlEi&ium;? ql;wGizufus? ql;uszufayguf? hf G S hf S f f tjypfa&muf\}} vdkY om;a&TcJqHk;rpmrSm qdkygw,f/ ]]xufjruf0eq?l tqdy[onf? oifoomrQ? aowwfpm&i?fh S f f l h l Gh S orP jA[Pm? t&d,m[k? oCFm&[ef;? usicef;jrwfo?l tqdyrum;? fh f l &Sive;D &if;? a&Goif;yif;ESi?fh r<uif;ysup;D ? avmifonfr;D od?Yk aoNy;D quf f l f h quf? i&Jusuf\}} vdkY rCa'0vuFmu qdkygw,f/ ]]ausmif;ESiouFe;f ? qGr;f yef;arT;MuL? aq;0g;[lom;? tvSLypn;f ? fh qnf;ooltm;? trsm;cspfrsdKU? olwdkYrSDtyf? ESHYpyfowif;? ruif;w&m;? vm;vnf;ewfbHk? tifig;pHk[k? ,HkusHK0rf;om? tcg0,f? q&mum;rdk;? uREfkyfrsdK;wnhf? rndK;&atmif? &GmoGef;aqmifavmh}} vdkYvJ wGif;oif;rif; BuD;u rk'kvuPysdKUrSm a&;zGJUrdefYqdkxm;ygw,f/ "r 0 D & oE m atmif tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' o moemjyKwu o d k v f ? &ef u k e f /

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"r0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

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yxrH*gxmudk avhvmylaZmfjcif;
armif r sd K ;xG e f ; (jrif ; NcH ) yxrH*gxmudk r,fvrkapwDawmf twGi;f &Sd tbd"rmoifwef;aqmifwif awGU&yg G onf/ if;tbd"rmtaqmifwif pHrm,fawmfrl G aom Ak'kyfyGm;awmf\yvif azmfjyxm;yg onf/ tbd"rmoifwef;wufvmaom oifwef; om;rsm;u *gxm\t"dym,fudk odvdkMu aMumif; r,fvrkb&m;a*gyuOu|Bu;D u ajym k ygonf/ xdaMumihf yxrH*gxmudk avhvmylaZmf Yk &ef taMumif;wpf&yfjzpfvmygonf/ yxrH*gxmudk avmuDod'dtvdk&Sdol wdkYu bdk;bdk;atmif tNrJ&Gwfojzihf od'dayguf oGm;onf[k qdkTef;MuaMumif; od'dvdkvm;ol wdkif; &GwfzwfMuaMumif; Mum;od&ygonf/ vlYavmuxJwGif raocsmra&&mrIawG rsm;ae awmh? aocsmcsif a&&mcsioawGu yxrH*gxm f l udk avmuDa&;&m tm;ud;k p&mtjzpf &GwMf u\/ xdktcg *gxm\tpGrf;onf raem oawem [m& (jzpfapvdkaomapwem\ aphaqmfrI aMumihf) t& vdk&mqEjynhf0cGifh&Mu\/ wdk; &GwzwfMu\/ yd,HMk unfMu\/ od&mwGif f k Yk aus;Zl;jyKrIonf avmuDa&;jzpf 0tusdK; (oHo&mvnfaMumif;) om jzpfyg\/ yxrH*gxmudk aphaphpyfpyfavhvmyg u opm (4) yg;\ rlvteuf (4) yg;? a0zef ydkif;jcm;odtyfaom teuf (12) yg;? aygif; opmteuf (16) csufudk aESmif;vlAk'bmom 0ifwYkd tvG,wul ESv;kH oGi;f Ediap&ef a&S;jrefrm f k f BuD;rsm; pD&ifcJhonf[k qdkEdkifygonf/ *gxmonf ]]tbd"rm#Dum oacFy 0Pem}} wGif azmfjyyg&SaMumif; EIwwufaqmif d f tyfaMumif; a&S;q&mawmfBu;D rsm; rdeqygonf/ Yf kd EIwfwuf&aeaom opmteuf (16) csufudk ESv;kH oGi;f qifjcifEiNf y;D 0d0tusKd ; (oHo&mvGwf kd aMumif;) &&SdapEdkifygonf/ xdkYaMumihf 0tusdK;wnf;[laom c&rf;csOfoD;rSnhf\ aus;Zl;jyKrIwGifr&yfbJ 0d0 tusdK;wnf;[laom raemr,ywjrm;uJhodkY wefzdk;xm;tyfaMumif; wifjyvdkygonf/ yxrH * gxm (od k Y ) op m teuf (16) csuf *gxm yxrH ou vuP aruy'H? 'kwd,m'd y' ed'eawm?

oreD 'kedrm or'k? oed'k urawm 0dbaZ yxare 0dem? teuf t "d y m ,f 1/ t- xdkopm (4) yg;\? 2/ yxrH- a&S;OD;pGmaom? 3/ {uy'H- wckwckaomyk'fonf? 4/ ouvuP- rdrd rdr\oabmvuPmud?k d H 5/ ed'eawm- wdkufdkufa[mvsuf? XdwHwnf\/ 6/ 'kwd,m'dy'H- 'kwd,tp&Sdaomyk'fonf (0g) 'kwd,? wwd,? pwkwyk'fonf? 7/ o-r-ed ork',opm? r*opm? eda&m" opmwdkYudkvnf;aumif;? 8/ 'k-ed-rm- 'kuopm? eda&m"opm? r*opm wdkYudkvnf;aumif;? 9/ o-r-'k ork',opm? r*opm? 'kuopm wdkYudkvnf;aumif;? 10/ o-ed-'k ork',opm? eda&m"opm? 'ku opm wdkYudkvnf;aumif;? 11/ ed'eawm- tcsif;csif;oabmTefjy a[mvsuf? XdwH- wnf\/ 12/ wd- odkY? 13/ yxare- rdr\oabmvuPmudk xifpm d G jyaom yxryk'fESihf? 14/ 0dem- uif;? urawm- tpOftm;jzihf? 15/ y@dawm- ynm&Sonf? 0dbaZ? a0zef&m d \/ op m wk d i f ; teuf (4) csuf p D x G u f y H k (u) 'kuopm (1) 'kuopm\xifpmjzpfaomteuf= yDVea|m G (ESdyfpufjcif;)

(2) opm (3)yg;udk axmufIxifpGmjzpf uk e f a omteuf = Yk (uu) ocFw|= taMumif;w&m;wd\aygif; jyKjyiftyfonf\tjzpf (cc) oEmy|= ylyefapjcif; Yk (**) 0dy&dPmr|= Z&mr&Pwdonf azmufjyef aptyfonf\tjzpf (3) opm (3) yg;jzihf axmufIyHkaxmufI enf ; (uu) ork',opm\ tm,l[e| (tm;xkwf wwf aygif ; pnf ; wwf o nf \ tjzpf u d k axmufIvsuf 'kuopm\ (ocFw|) [laom teufonfvnf;aumif;? (cc) r*opm\ ed,smea|m (0#faumif\ udavomjzihf ylavmifjcif;rSvGwfajrmufaom oabm) udk axmufIvsuf 'kuopm\ oEm y|[laomteufonfvnf;aumif;? (**) eda&m"opm\ trwa|m (aojcif;? ysup;D jcif;uif;onf\tjzpf[aomteuf) udk f l axmufIvsuf 'kuopm\ 0dy&dPmra|m[l aom teufonfvnf;aumif; xifpmjzpfMu\/ G (CC) odkY 'kuopm obm0tm;jzihf teufwpfck? ork',? r*? eda&m"opmwdkYrS teufudkaxmuf teuf (3) ck aygif;teuf (4) eufjzpf\/ xdkYaMumihf 'kuopm o-r-ed [lqdktyf\/ (c) ork ' ,op m (1) ork',opm\xifpGmjzpfaomteuf = tm,l[e| (tm;xkwwwf? aygif;pnf;wwfonf f \ tjzpf[laomteuf) (2) opm (3) yg;udkaxmufI xifpGmjzpf uk e f a omteuf

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"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ 'k [l qdktyf\/ (C) r*opm (1) r*opm\xifpGmjzpfaomteuf? ed,sm e| (0#frxuajrmufaMumif;\tjzpf [laom S G f teuf) (2) opm (3) yg;udkaxmufI xifpGmjzpf uk e f a omteuf (uu) a[wG|? edAmefoa&mufaMumif;\tjzpf Ykd [laomteuf (cc) 'e|? opm (4) yg;udk jrifwwfonf\ tjzpf[laomteuf (**) t"dyaw,s|? opm (4) yg;udkjrifjcif; udp tBuD;trSL;\tjzpf[laomteuf (3) opm (3) yg;jzihf axmufyaxmufenf;/ op I kH I (uu) ork',opm\ edAmefodkYa&mufjcif;\ taMumif;r[kwonfukd axmuf r*opm\ f a[wG|onfvnf;aumif;? (cc) eda&m"opm\ tvGefodrfarGUaomedAmef (trw|) udk axmufI r*opm\ 'e| onfvnf;aumif;? (**) 'kuopm\ wpHkw&mBuD;uJvTrf;rdk;tpdk; r&bJ qif;&Jpmaom 'ku (yDVe|) udk jrifojzihf G r*opm\ t"dyaw,s|onfvnf;aumif;? (CC) odYk r*opm obm0tm;jzihf teuf wpfck? ork',? eda&m"? 'kuopmwdkYrS teuf udk axmufI teuf (3) ck aygif; teuf (4) ckjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh r*opm o-ed-'k [l qdktyf\/ opmteuf (16) csuukd yxrH*gxm f jzihf xyfumxyfum yGm;rsm;tyfygonf/ xdtcg k opm (4) yg;udk odvmygrnf/ odHkESihfr&yfbJ t&Sdw&m;jzpfatmif avhusihf&ygrnf/ opm (4) yg;udk t&Sdw&m;jzpfatmif avhusihf&efvrf;aMumif; (u) 'kuopmonf odtyfaom t&d,mopm w&m;jzpfaMumif; pGJNrJatmif avhusihf&ygrnf/ rnfuJhodkY avhusihf&rnfvJ/ 'k u o p m ud k yd k i f ; jcm;od a tmif avhusi&ygrnf/ tusO;f csKytm;jzihf Oyg'geu h fh f Em (5) yg;onf 'ku[k rawGra0qHk;jzwf odtyfygonf/ (c) ork'opmonf yg,ftyfaomt&d,pm jzpfaMumif; pGNJ ratmifavhusi&ygrnf/ rnfuoYkd J fh hJ avhusihf&rnfenf;/ 'kuopmudkjzpfapaom taMumif; w&m;onf ork',opmjzpfaMumif;? ork', opm[lonf wPSm[k rSwf,ltyfaMumif;? wPS m onf b0opf u d k j zpf a pwwf a om ESpoufwyfrufjcif;ESiwuGjzpfaom xdxb0 f hf k kd tmH tvGeEpoufjcif;oabm&S\[k rawG k f S f d ra0odatmif avhusihf&ygrnf/ (*) eda&m"opmonf qdkufa&muftyfaom t&d,mopmjzpfaMumif;udk pGNJ ratmif avhusifh J &ygrnf/ 'kuudkod 'kujzpfaMumif; ork', udk ody,f&ygrnf/ xdktcg 'kucsKyfonhfae&m a&muf & ef tcG i f h & \/ tcG i f h t a&;onf trS e f & S d a om ed a &m"op m [k od & ygrnf / eda&m"opmudk t&Sdw&m;tjzpf cH,lvdkygu wPSmpGefY? wPSmudka0;pGmpGefY? wPSmrSvGwf ajrmuf&m? wPSmjzihf ruyfNid&m wPSmcsKyf&m eda&m"opmodkY qdkufa&mufrnf[k rawGra0 odatmif avhusifh&ygrnf/ (C) r*opmonf yGm;rsm;tyfaom t&d,opm jzpfaMumif;udk pGJNrJatmifavhusihf&ygrnf/ r* opmudk 'kuea&m"*grdey#dy'g t&d,opm[k d D odvsuf 'kucsKy&moda&mufaMumif;? tusiref f Yk fh S jzpfonf[k rawGra0 od&ygrnf/ tusihfvrf; pOfrSm r*if (8) yg;jzpfaMumif; pGJNrJaomtod jzihf t&Sdw&m;odkY OD;wnfajymif;vJ&ygrnf/ (1) orm'd|d 'kuudkod? 'kujzpf aMumif;od? 'ku csKy&mudo?d 'kucsKy&modYk a&mufaMumif; tusifh f k f udk odjcif;jzpfygonf/ (2) ormouFy- tButpnf (3) &yfEijhf ynfpkH H S h jcif ; (uu) umrtmHkrS vGwfaomBuHpnfjcif;? (cc) zsuq;D jcif;rS vGwuif;aom Bupnfjcif;? f f H (**) n i f ; qJ j cif ; rS v G w f u if ; aomtBuH u d k BuHpnfjcif;/ (3) orm0gpm- pum; (4) rsKd ;a&SmifMuOfjcif; (uu) r[kwfrSefajymqdkjcif;udka&Smifjcif;? (cc) ukef;pum;udk MuOfa&Smifjcif;? (**) Murf;wrf;ke&if;aompum;udk a&SmifMuOf Yf jcif;? (CC) Nydefzsif;aompum;udk MuOfa&Smifjcif;? (4) ormurE- um,urI (3) yg;udk a&Smifjcif; um,uH (uu) olYtoufowfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;? (cc) ray;onhypn;f ud,jl cif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;? f k (**) umr*kPw rSm;,Gi;f pGmusijfh cif;rS a&Smif f Ykd MuOfjcif;/ (5) ormtmZD0- rSm;aomtoufarG;rIukd y,fpeYf G rSefaomtoufarG;rIjzihf toufarG;jcif;/ (6) orm0g,r- qE (4) yg;udk jzpfapjcif; (uu) rjzpfao;aom tukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk rjzpfap&ef qEudkjzpfap\/ tm;xkwf\/ vHvjyK\/ pdwucs;D ajrmuf\/ aqmufwnf\/ Yk f kd

(uu) ed'gea|m- 0#fqif;&Juay;wwf? aqmifEi;f kd S wwfonf\tjzpf[laomteuf/ (cc) oHa,m*a|m- 0#f,SOfapjcif;teuf? (**) yvdaAm"a|m- r*fPfzdkvfPfudk wm;jrpfwwfonf\tjzpf[laomteuf? (3) opm (3) yg;jzihf axmufIyHkaxmufI enf ; (uu) 'kuopm\ yDVe|udk axmufIojzihf ork',opmrS ed'ge|onfvnf;aumif;? (cc) eda&m"opm\ 0da0ua|m (udavom ocFg&wdkYrSuif;qdwfjcif;) udk axmufIojzihf ork',opmrS oHa,m*a|monfvnf;aumif;? (**) r*opm\ ed,sme| (0#frSxGufajrmuf aMumif;\tjzpf[laomteuf) udk axmufI ojzih f ork ' ,op m yvd a Am"a|monf vnf;aumif; xifpGmjzpfMu\/ (CC) odkY ork',opm obm0tm;jzihf teufwpfc?k 'ku? eda&m"? r*opmwdrS teuf Yk udkaxmufI teuf (3) ck? aygif; teuf (4) ck jzpf\/ xdkYaMumihf ork',opm 'k-edr [l qdktyf\/ (*) ed a &m"op m (1) eda&m"opm\ xifpGmteufjzpfaom teuf / / ed &P| (xG u f a jrmuf & m\ tjzpf [laomteuf) (2) opm (3) yg;udk axmufI xifpGm jzpf u k e f a omteuf (uu) 0da0u|? udavomocFg&wdrS uif;qdwf Yk jcif;teuf/ (cc) tocFwa|m? taMumif;w&m;wdkYonf rjyKjyiftyfonf\tjzpf[laomteuf/ (**) trwa|m? aojcif;? ysufpD;jcif;uif; onf\ tjzpf[laomteuf? (3) opm (3) yg;jzihf axmufIyHkaxmufI enf ; / (uu) ork',opm oHa,m*a|m (0#f ,SOf apjcif;teuf) udk axmufojzihf eda&m"opm I rS 0da0ua|monfvnf;aumif;? (cc) r*opm\ a[wGa|m- edAmefodkYa&muf aMumif;\tjzpf[laomteufudk axmufIo jzihf eda&m"opmrS tocFw|udkvnf;aumif;? (**) 'kuopm\ 0dy&dPmr|udaxmufojzihf k I ed a &m"op m rS trw|onf v nf ; aumif ; xifpGmjzpf\/ (CC) odkY eda&m"opm obm0tm;jzihf teufwpfc?k ork',? r*? 'kuopmwdrS teuf Yk udk axmufI teuf (3) ck? aygif; teuf (4) ckjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh eda&m"opm o-r-

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/ (cc) jzpfNyD;aom tukodkvfw&m;wdkYudky,f&ef qEudk jzpfap\/ tm;xkwf\/ vHkYvjyK\/ pdwfudkcsD;ajrmuf\/ aqmufwnf\/ (**) rjzpfao;aomukodkvfw&m;wdkYudkjzpfap &ef qEudkjzpfap\/ tm;xkwf\/ vHkYvjyK\/ pdwfudkcsD;ajrmuf\/ aqmufwnf\/ (CC) jzpfNyD;aomukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk wnfNrJ ap&ef raysmufysuap&ef? wd;k wufjzpfym;ap&ef f G yGm;rsm;rIjynfpap&efqEukd jzpfap\/ tm;xkwf h kH \/ vHvjyK\/ pdwucs;D ajrmuf\/ aqmufwnf Yk f kd \/ (7) ormowd- owdy|mef (4) yg;ESihf jynhfpHk jcif ; / (uu) um,mEk y emowd y |mef &Sd&rnhfvHkYv= jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaomvHkYv &Sd& rnf/ jynfhpHk&rnhfw&m;= vHkYv&Sd? orZOf&Sd? owd&Sd y,f&rnhfw&m;= tbdZm? a'gre vkyf&rnhftvkyf= kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf Iwwfaom tavhtusihfjyKvkyf/ (cc) a0'emEk y emowd y |mef &Sd&rnfhvHkYv? jynfhpHk&rnfhw&m;? y,f &rnhw&m;rSm twlwjl zpfNy;D vky&rnhtvkyrm f f f f S a0'emwdkYudk tBudrfBudrfIwwfaom tavht usihfjyK&rnf/ (**) pd w m Ek y emowd y |mef &Sd&rnfhvHkYv? jynfhpHk&rnfhw&m;? y,f &rnhw&m;rSm twlwjl zpfNy;D vky&rnhtvkyrm f f f f S pdwfudk tBudrfBudrfIwwfatmif avhusihfrI jyK&rnf/ (CC) "r m Ek y emowd y |mef &Sd&rnfhvHkYv? jynfhpHk&rnfhw&m;? y,f &rnhw&m;rSm twlwjl zpfNy;D vky&rnhtvkyrm f f f f S oabmw&m;wd oabmw&m;wdukd tBurBf urf Yk Yk d d Iwwfatmif avhusihfrI jyK&rnf/ (*) ormorm"d- ed0&P (5) yg;rS vGwaMumif; f w&m;/ (uu) y|rpsmef o d k Y a&muf aejcif ; / umr*kPfrSuif;? tukodkvfw&m;rS uif;? 0dwuf0dpm&ESifhwuGjzpfaom (ed0&P) uif;jcif;aMumifhjzpfonhf yDwdokc&Sdaom y|r psmefa&mufae\/ (cc) 'k w d , psmef o d k Y a &muf aejcif ; / 0dwuf 0dpm&Nir;f jcif;aMumifh rdroEmef d d pdwfudkMunfvifapwwfaom orm"daMumifh jzpfonhf yDwdokc&Sdaom 'kwd,psmefodkY a&muf ae\/ (**) wwd , psmef o d k Y a &muf aejcif ; yDwvnf;uif;jcif;aMumihf trQvsuf d I owd&Sdvsuf qifjcifvsufae\/ okcudkvnf; udk,fjzihfcHpm;\/ tMuifwwd,psmefaMumifh xdkoludk trQIol? owd&Sdol? csrf;omol[k t&d,mwdkY csD;rGrf;\/ (CC) pwk w p smef o d k Y a &muf aejcif ; / csrf;omqif;&Judk y,fjcif;aMumifh vnf;aumif;? a&S;OD;uyif 0rf;omjcif;? ESvHk; romjcif;wdkY\ csKyfjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? qif;&Jcsrf;omuif;aom OayumaMumifhjzpf aom owd\pifMu,fjcif;&Sdaom pwkwpsmef odkY a&mufae\/ w&m; (8) yg;onf 'kueda&m" *grdedy#dy'g t&d,opm[k ac:ygonf/ oarm[0daem'eD bmom#Dumtvdk t& tusO;f csKyrwEi&ef pkpnf;wifjyygOD;rnf/ f S f kd f (u) 'kuopmudk tusOf;csHK; zGifhqdk&m'kuH? 'kujzpfaom (0g) "k0okb ponfr[kwf pufqkwfzG,f&m tcsnf;ESD;om jzpfaom t&d,opH? t&d,opm[k zGifhqdk\/ (c) ork',opmudk tusOf;csHK;zGihfqdk&m'kuork'a,m? 'kuudkjzpfapaom (0g) wPSmrS<uif;aom t0dZmpaom taMumif; wdkYESifh aygif;rdavaomf 'ku\jzpfaMumif;jzpf aom t&d,opH? t&d,mopm[k zGifhqdk\/ (*) eda&m"opmudk tusOf;csHK; zGifhqdk&m m'kueda&ma"m? 'kucsKyf&mjzpfaom (0g) oHo&m'kuj zpfaom aESmiftr\r&S&mjzpf d f d aom (0g) oHo&maESmiftdrf[laom'ku\ r&Sd aMumif;jzpfaom (0g) 'ku\aemufwpfzefrjzpf aom csKyjf cif;\taMumif;jzpfaom t&d,op?H t&d,opm[k zGifhqdk\/ (C) 'kueda&m"*grdeDudk tusOf;csHK; zGihfqdk &m'kuea&m" *grde?D 'kucsKy&ma&muf d f aMumif;tusihfjzpfaom (0g) 'kucsKyf&modkY tmHkjyKaomtm;jzihf oGm;wwfaom? y#dy'g qE&o\ a&mufaMumif;tusi[aom t&d, dS l fh l opH? t&d,opm[k zGihfqdk\/ NcH K wif j yvQif yxrH * gxmonf opm (4) yg; jrwfw&m;udk yxrqihf udk,f? EIwf? pdwfwdkY udef;zdkYtaMumif;w&m;jzpfyg\/ xdrSwqihf opmw&m;udk todw&m;rS t&Sw&m; k d tqiha&mufatmif tm;xkwygu oHo&m0#f f f qif;&JrS vGwfajrmufcGihf&Murnfjzpfygonf/ odkYjzpf yxrH*gxmonf avmuD o'omru avmukw&m oHom&0'kuawm d

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rS vGwajrmufci&apEdiaMumif; avhvmylaZmf f G fh k f tyfygonf/ xd*gxmudjk yKpcMhJ uaom a&S;jrefrm k k BuD;rsm;\ wdkYbdk;bGm;tarGtESpfrdkYvJ cspfjrwfEdk; tyfaMumif; wifjy&ayownf;/ rS D j irf ; ud k ; um; 1/ 0dyemnmPwED #Dum? pmrsuEm (328) f S jyKpkolyefawmif;q&mawmf (1983) pufwifbm (5 Burajrmuf)? ok"r0wD d f pmyHkESdyfwdkuf/ 2/ rlvyPmoygVdawmf jrefrmjyef? pmrsuEm(88) fS opm (4) yg; qifjcifjcif;tydkif; omoema&;OD;pD;Xme (1998) 3/ oarm[0daem'eD bmom#Dum? pmrsufESm (675)? (1998)? jyKpkol t&SifZeumbd0Ho armif r sd K ;xG e f ; (jrif ; NcH ) pmrsuf E S m 28 rS okdYwufNyD; aexdkifcJhonf/ tqihfwdkif; tqihf wdkif; wHcg;rsm;udk vHkatmifydwfxm;ouJhokdY tapmihfrsm;vnf; csxm;cJhonf/ rif;BuD;\ &nf&G,fcsufum; olowdarhNyD; rawmfwq qif;vmrdygu olYudkwm;jrpfzdkYyJjzpfonf/ okdYaomf bk&m;&SifwdkYpum;rnfonf vGJrSm;onf[l r&SdpNrJrdkY ckepf&ufajrmufonfh aeYwGif rif;BuD;\ r*FvmpD;awmfjrif;onf vefYNyD; rNidrfroufjzpfaeonf/ onfjrif;vefY onhtcgrsK;d wGif rif;Bu;D udjk rifrS vefwmaysmuf f Y tvd k v d k N id r f o G m ;wwf o nf / xd k Y a Mumih f rif;BuD;vnf; jrif;udkrsufESmjy&ef wHcg;em;odkY tvmwG i f wH c g;rsm;u tvd k t avsmuf yGivmMuouJoYdk tapmihawGuvnf; rif;Bu;D fh h f udk wm;&rnfhtpm; atmufa&muf onftxd tqihfqifh wGef;csvdkufMuavawmhonf/ odkYjzihf rif;BuD;onf tqihfqihf vdrfhusvmcJh&mrS atmufqHk;avSum;&if;odkY ta&mufwGif ajrrsKdcHcJh&NyD; i&JodkY oufqif;cJh &Smawmhonf/ onfrSm Asmyg'tukodkvf apwemuHaMumihf ajrrsKdcHcJh&&Smonf/ ckepf &ufajrmufonfhaeYjzpfouJhokdY okyAk'rif;BuD; \ aemufqHk;aeYvnf;jzpfayonf/ uRefawmfvnf; Ak'0ifxJrS okyAk' rif;BuD;\ tjzpfukd oHa0*,lum wpfzufom; ysufpD;atmif rBuHpnfrdzdkYom rdrdbmom qHk;r jzpfygawmhonf/ usrf ; ud k ; Zd e w y omueD u srf ; usD ; oJ a v;xyf q &mawmf jrwf r S L ;oG i f

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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33

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

34

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36

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a&S;oa&mcg jAnfAm&m? jA['wfrif; rif;jyKcg/ Ak'avmif;vsm xkdpOfu? vSn;f rSL;Bu;D b0/ wpfaeYumvtcsdefrSm? ukefoG,fc&D;xGufvdkYvm/ vSnf;aygif;ig;&m aqmif,lNyD;? oJuEm&c&D;/ rD;usD;pkokdY ylavmif&m? xkduEm&oJjyifrSm/ aeYtcgrSm em;aeMu? nukda&mufrS c&D;quf&/ xkdokdYc&D;ESifMu&m? Mu,fukdrSwfoGm;&yg/ wpfnaomcg xkdvrf;jy Mu,fukdMunfhrSwfcsufcs/ xkdt&yfokdY oGm;ukefMu/ odkYajymjyNyD; vrf;jyvQif? yifyef;vGef;tdyfaysmfpOf/ EGm;wdkYvQif tarSmifxJ? c&D;aemufjyefqGJ/

narSmifuGJ rkd;vif;cg? t&yfav;rsufESmMunhfvkduf&m/ a&mufaeyg tHhaypG? raeYu aecJhonfXme/ 'kujzpfayhg vSnf;om;awG? xif;wdkYa&wkdY ukefNyDav/ ai;rIdifawGa0 rBuHwwf? usayhgolwdkY pdwf"mwf/ ysufpD;tyfrnhftcsdefrSm awG;awmrdayhg vSnf;rSL;q&m/ igonf om0D&d,avQmh tm;vkH;ysufpD;Muacsayhg/ ravQmhvkHYv BuHq&m? olawGUcJhonhf vrf;wpfae&m/ jrufaeZmukdowd&? onfrSma&&Sdrnfrkcs/ if;Tefjy xkdae&m? tawmifajcmufq,fwl;rdyg/ odkYygaomfvnf; a&rxGuf/ tm;vkH;rSm pdwfysuf/ atmufokdYqif;ouf vSnf;rSL;rSm? ausmufzsmbufokdY a&mufoGm;yg/ ausmufzsm ol]em;}uyf? a&pD;oHukdMum;owwf/

a&&Sd&mudk rSwfom;um? vdk&mc&D; qufMuyg/ ypnf;Opmukefa&mif;cs? tjrwftpGef; BuD;pGm& jynhf0 olwdkYqE/ / twd w f \ yH k & d y f tcgwyg; &S i f a wmf j rwf p G m bk & m; om0wjd ynf? aZw0efausmif;awmf oDwif;ok;H awmfrlpOf ]]avsmhaom0D&d,&Sdonhf&[ef;}} ukd taMumif;jyK xkdZmwfukda[mMum;jcif;jzpfyg onf/ jrwfpGmbk&m; om0wdjynf oDwif; okH;awmfrlpOf trsKd;om;wpfa,muf jrwfpGm bk&m;&Sifukd MunfnKd&efa&mufvm\/ Ak'\ w&m;awmfudk emMum;Ny;D onhtqk;H wGif xktrsK;d f d om;rSm umr*kPfpnf;pdrfwdkY arGUavsmfaejcif; \tjypfujdk rifojzihf csucsi;f yif &[ef;jyKvuf f dk \/ xkd&[ef;onf jrwfAk'xHyg; ig;ESpfcefY oDwif;okH;aexkdif? 0dyemtusihfukdusihfNyD; bk&m;xHawmfrS if;tvk&aom ur|mef;w&m; d dS wdkYukd,l awmxGufawmfrlonf/ xkdawm if;wpfyg;wnf; 0gwGi;f ok;H vywfv;Hk oDwif;ok;H ur|mef;0dyemw&m;ukd tm;xkwfaomf jim; rnfokdYrQ tusKd;rjzpfxGef;acs/ xkdYaMumifh jrwfpGmbk&m;&SifxHokdY jyefvnf<ua&mufNyD; jrwf A k ' \ wih f w ,f a omtqif ; uk d o m zl;ajrmf jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum;aom w&m; a'oemawmfukd em,ljcif;trIukdom jyKav

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ awmhonf/ if;\tjyKtrlukd ,cifu if;ukd jrifzl;Muaom &[ef;wkYdujrifaomf tHhMoojzihf if;ukd taMumif;tusKd;ar;Munfhonf/ ]]oif onf &[ef;udpN y;D ajrmufojzifh usipOftm;vk;H fh ukef usihfp&mr&SdaomaMumifh ,ckuJhodkY jyefvmygoavm}} [k ar;Munf&m okr[kwf h Yd yg/ igonf rnfonhfPfpOfukdrQ rusihfBuHEkdif cJhyg/ xkdYaMumihf rdrdukd,fukd ruRwfxkdufao; aomolomjzpf\[k ,lqNy;D rnfonhur|mef; f w&m;ukrQ qufvufrusiBfh uawmhbJ ,ckuoYdk d H hJ jyefa&mufvmjcif;jzpfygonf[k &[ef;wkdY\ tar;ukd jyefvnfajzMum;jcif;jyK\/ if;\ ajzMum;csufukd &[ef;wdkYu oabmusESpfNcKduf jcif ; r&S d & um; if ; uk d jrwf p G m bk & m;xH ac:aqmifoGm;Muonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;xH a&muf a omf xk d & [ef ; \tjzpf t ysuf u k d &[ef ; wd k Y u avQmuf x m;Mu\/ xk d t cg jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu xkd&[ef;tm; ]]oifonf xk d & [ef ; wd k Y a vQmuf x m;ouJ h o d k Y 0D & d , avsmhvmonfrSefoavm}} [k ar;awmfrl\/ if;&[ef;uvnf; [kwf\[k 0efcHavonf/ xk d t cg jrwf p G m bk & m;u ]]oif onf tb,fhaMumihf okdYjyKrl&oenf;/ oifonf igay;aomw&m;wkdYukd usihfBuHtm; xkwf&ef awmokdY0ifvsuf tb,fhaMumifh w&m; &&ef tm;rxkwfEkdifoenf;? tb,fhaMumifh 0D&d, rpk d u f x k w f E k d i f & oenf ; }} [k xk d & [ef ; uk d tjypfwifawmfrNl y;D aemuf oifonf a&S;twdwf b0u xkdokdYr[kwf/ a&S;b0u tvGef0D&d,aumif;ol wpfOD;jzpfcJhzl;ygvsuf bmaMumifh oif\0D&d, vkHYvukd avQmh&oenf;[k qkdum a&S;twdwf ZmwfaMumif;ukd jyefajymif;>ruf[awmfrlyg onf/ a&S ; tcgu Am&mPoD j ynf jA[ ' wf rif ; rif ; jyKaomtcgor,wG i f Ak ' t avmif ; awmf o nf vS n f ; rS L ;BuD ; b0 jzpf\/ wpfaeY aomtcgwGif Ak'tavmif; tvsmjzpfaom vSnf;rSL;BuD;onf vSnf;om; ig;&mukdOD;aqmif ukefa&mif;c&D;&SnfxGuf vmcJ h o nf / if ; wk d Y o nf rD ; usD ; pk o k d Y yl a vmif a omoJ u E m &c&D ; uk d jzwf oef;Mu&onfjzpf aeYtcgwGif c&D;rESiEiMf u f dk bJ nokdYa&mufrS c&D;xGufMu&onf/ xkdokdY ntcgrS c&D;oGm;Mu&&m aumif;uifrS Mu,fudk trSwftom;jyKvsufoGm;Mu&\/ Mu,feuwf wm&mwkudk uRr;f usiaomolu if;Mu,fwudk Yd f Ydk Munhfum c&D;vrf;Tefjy&onf/ wpfnaomf xkdyk*Kdvfonf Mu,fukdtMunhfrSm;NyD; c&D;oGm; azmfwkdYukd xkdt&yfokdYoGm;Muukef[k ajymum yifyef;ojzihf tdyfaysmfoGm;\/ EGm;wkdYonf tarSmifxJ vmcJhNyD;aomvrf;zufokdYjyefvSnhf um c&D;aemufjyefqMJG uavonf/ eHeufr;dk vif; ywf0ef;usifukdMunfhavvQif raeYu if;wkdY pcef ; cscJ h a om ae&ma[mif ; od k Y jyef v nf a&muf&Sd aeonhftjzpfESihf BuKH&avonf/ vSn;f om;ig;&mwkonf 'kuvvBS u;D Yd S awGUBuK&NyjD zpf\/ if;wka&muf&aeaomae&m H Yd dS rSm pcef;a[mif;jzpf xif;wka&wkr&S/ rnfoYdk Yd Yd d csufjyKwfpm;aomuf? rnfokdYa&rkd;csKd;&rnfukd rodMuNyD/ vSnf;om;ig;&mwkdYonf rnfokdYrQ rBuwwfrpnfwwfonfjzpf pdw"mwftBu;D H f tus,fusum vufrIdifcsomaeMuukef\/ wGif bk&m;tavmif;jzpfaom vSnf;rSL;BuD; onf ,cktjzpf igonf ayghavsmh0D&d, rpkdufxkwfbJaeacsu tm;vkH;ysufpD;&m\/ igvkHYvpkdufxkwfwpfckckudk rvkyfrjzpfvkyfrS jzpfawmhrnfudk ok;H oyfr\/ xdpOf vrf;wpfae d k &m awGUcJaom awmaejrufwukd oGm;a&muf h Ykd pOf ; pm;rd \ / xk d t cg ol a wG ; rd o nf r S m xkdajrZmjrufwkdY\atmufwGif a&um; rkcs&Sd& rnf/ xkaMumifh vSn;f om;ig;&mwktm; xkae&m Yd Yd d odkY ac:aqmifwl;aponf/ vSnf;om;ig;&m wk d Y v nf ; tm;vk H ; 0k d i f ; a&&&S d a &;twG u f aqmif&GufMu&m tawmifajcmufq,ftxd a&mufatmif wl;rdMuonf/ okdYaomf a&um; wpf p uf u av;rS x G u f r vm/ xk d Y a Mumif h vSnf;om;wdkY pdwfysufvufysufjzpf&onf/ xk d t cg vS n f ; rS L ;BuD ; onf ol Y a emuf v k d u f vSn;f om;wkYd wl;xm;&m usi;f Bu;D xJou,wif Ydk kd f dk qif ; Munh f I U awmf r l o nf / usif ; xJ o k d Y ukd,fwdkif qif;oGm;&m ausmufjzmBuD;tay:okdY ajccsrdonf/ xkdYaMumifholonf ausmufjzmBuD; ay:okdY ol\em;ukduyfum toHukdem;axmif avvQif xk d a usmuf j zmBuD ; \atmuf w G i f pD;qif;aeaom a&oHukd Mum;&\/ xkdYaMumifh olonf 0rf;om tm;&jzihf vSn;f om;ig;&mwkudk Yd xk d a usmuf j zmBuD ; tm; tm;pk d u f k d u f c G J aponf / vS n f ; rS L ;BuD ; ck d i f ; onh f t wk d i f ; xk d a usmuf j zmBuD ; uk d vS n f ; om; ig;&mwk d Y wnDwTwfwnf; 0kdif;0ef;kdufcGJ vkdufaom tcg ausmufjzmBu;D uGom;um tv,facgifrS J G aea&wkdYyef;xGufvmavonf/ tm;vkH;yif 0rf ; omtm;&jzpf u m a&csKd ; ? t0wf a vQmf ? aomuf a &cyf o l c yf ? csuf j yKwf o l w k d Y u

39

csufjyKwfjzihf tvkyfIyfMuukef\/ ynm&Sdbk&m;tavmif;vSnf;rSL;BuD; \ ywf0ef;usifukdpl;prf;avhvmrI? ynmPf tajrmftjrifBu;D rm;rI? vSn;f om;ig;&m\ trdeYf emcHwwfrI? tcsif;csif; rcdkruyfwnDwTwf wnf ; yl l ; aygif ; aqmif & G u f w wf r I w d k Y a Mumif h wpfzUJG vk;H tpmiwf? a&iwfjzihf ao&rnhab;rS f vGwuif;um vk&myef;wkioYdk ta&mufvr;f Ekif f d d f S d Muavonf/ Zmwfaygif;aomf xkdtcgu vSnf;rSL; BuD;onf Ak'&Sifawmfbk&m;jzpfawmfrlcJhNyD; ,ck ur|mef;w&m;usihfBuHtm;xkwfrIwGif 0D&d, avsmenf;cJaom xk&[ef;u [kpOfu vSn;f rSL; h h d d BuD ; \tzG J U 0if ? vk H Y v 0D & d , ravsmh a om vSnf;om;wpfa,mufjzpfcJhzl;NyD; ,ckw&m;em y&dowfwkdYrSmvnf; xkdtcgu <uif;ukefaom y&dowfjzpfcJhzl;avNyD[k Zmwfaygif;awmfrlyg onf/ aZmf a emif usrf ; uk d ; ig;&mhig;q,fZmwf0wK? (anmifuefq&mawmf)? 0PyxZmwf/ pmrsuf E S m 19 rS jcif ; awG rsm;aewmud k zH k ; vd k Y zd v d k Y r &bl ; ? aemufNyD; olYrSm b0ifpdwfjrihfaewm&Sdw,f? olod? olwwf? olawmfqdkwmrsKd;aygY? wu,f awmh oluwpfzufom;tay: remvdkpdwf? 0efwdkpdwfBuD;w,f? igqdkwJh b0ifpdwf&Sdw,f? pdwfykdif;qdkif&mudk odEkdifr,fh usihfBuHrIawGudk vkyfw,f? tJ t"duw&m;cHu udk,fhpdwfudk ud k , f jzLpif p G m Munf v if p G m rxm;jcif ; &J U jyemyJ om;eJY orD;a&}} ]taz 'gqdk pGJvef;pdwfu odyfqdk; wmyJaemf} ]qd;k wmaygY om;&,f? Orm'E&UJ tvS D rSm pGJvef;oGm;wJh bk&m;avmif; od0Drif;BuD; awmif pdwfvGwf? owdvGwfjcif;jzpf&ao;wm yJuGm? om;eJYorD;udkajymcsifwmu vljzpf&wJh b0wpfavQmufrm avmb? a'go? arm[awG S udk avQmhEkdifoavmuf avQmhNyD; pdwfudk jzLjzL pifpifeJY trSm;trSefudk cGJcGJjcm;jcm; jrifatmif MunhfwwfzdkY vdkw,fqdkwmudk rSwfxm;MuaygY} ][kwfuJh taz} om;ESihforD;\ oHNydKifpum;tqHk;rSm ausmfrsKd;wpfa,muf pdwfudk jzLpifpGmxm;Ekdifyg apvkdYomqkawmif;rdawmhonf/ vif ; jrwf ( jref r mpm)

udavompifMu,fNyD;aom orPwkdYukd zl;awGY&jcif;

To see the holy person with purified mind

By Dhamma Vi-ra Thandar Aung , ITBM University, Yangon.

orP'e= ud a vaooarE D w d orPm

udavao= udavomtylawGu?kd oarEw=Nir;f at;apwwf D d d aomaMumihf? orP=orPrnf\/ ud a vomtyl u d k Nid r f ; owf N yD ; jzpf w J h &[E m yk * d K vf a wG ? udavomNidrf;atmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwfawmfrlMuwJh &[ef;yk*dKvfawG tukefvHk;udk orPvdkYac:qdkygw,f/ 'e= jrifjcif;? zl;awGU&jcif;qdkwmu atmufxpfqHk;taeeJY a[mxm;wJha'oemrQomjzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumihf tJ'DorPvdkYac:wJh orP&[ef;yk*dKvfawGudk jrif&jcif;? zl;&jcif;? qnf;uyf&jcif;? vkyfauR; &jcif;? owd&atmufarh&jcif;? Mum;em&jcif;qdkwJh jyKrlaqmif&Gufem,l rSwfom;&jcif;tm;vHk;wdkY[m tvGefaus;Zl;rsm;vSwJhtwGuf BuD;yGm;csrf; oma&;r*Fvmtppfjzpfygw,f/
SAMANADASSANA=To see the holy person with purified mind Samanadassana means meeting or seing of Noble person or Monks. Here, samana means one who deserves honour; religious or holy person, a monk. There include Arahants who have got rid of defilements, those who have pacified defilements and those who strive for the destruction of difilements.

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THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

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