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Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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(u) Ak ' b k & m; ra[mMum;onf u d k a[mMum;onf[kjyjcif;? Ak'bk&m;a[mMum; awmfrlxm;onfrsm;udk ra[mMum;[kajymjcif; onf tjypf&\/ w&m;r[kwonfudk w&m;[k dS f a[majymydkYcsjcif;? a&;om;jcif;? jzefYcsdjcif;? w&m;tppfrSefudk rw&m;[kajym? a&;? ydkYcs? jzefYcsd? xkwfa0jcif;wdkYonfvnf; xdkYtwlyif tjypfBuD;avonf/ xdkYjyif bk&m;rynwfonf udk ynwfonf? bk&m;ynwfonfudk rynwf [kajymjcif;? 0denf;r[kwonfukd 0denf;[kjyjcif;? f 0denf;udk 0denf;r[kwf[k qdkjcif;ponfwdkY vnf; tjypftvGeBf u;D avonf/ oAnKjrwfA' k tm; apmfumonfrnf\/ a[majymolrsm; a&;om;olrsm;? ydcsorsm;? xkwa0olrsm;? jzefcsd Yk l f Y olrsm;? txl;owdcsyfMup&mjzpfonf/ aqmif;yg; Ak'bk&m; a[mMum; awmfrwmbmvJ? ra[mMum;wmu bmawGvJ l qdkwmudk cGJjcm;wifjyygrnf/ jrwfAk' a[mMum;jcif;? ajzqdkawmf rrlcJhjcif;taMumif;t&mrsm;udk a&S;OD;pGm wifjy csifygonf/ Ak ' b k & m;vuf x uf a wmf vnf ; t,l0g'ESifh ywfoufaom udprsm; IyaxG;ayG f vDvsuf&Sdonf/ t,l0g'trsKd;rsKd; udk;uG,frI bmomtpm;pm; uGJjym;jcm;em;vsuf&Sdonf/ xdktcg 0g'csif;NydKifrIrsm;? aqG;aEG;rIrsm;? jiif;cHk rIrsm;? apmfum;rIrsm;? uyfo;D ? uyfowfar;cGe;f

FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ 3/ tE0g avmaum-avmutqHk;&Sdjcif; 4/ teE0g avmaum- avmutqHk;r&Sdjcif; 5/ wHZD0HwHo&D&H- toufESihf cEm? toufESihf kyfcEmudk,fudp 6/ tnHZD0H tnHo&D&H-toufu wpfjcm;? cEmudk,fuwpfjcm;? jyem 7/ a[mwd wxm*awm y&r&Pm-ow0g aoNyD;aemufjzpfjcif;/ (wxm*awm=ow0gonf? y&r&Pm-aoqH;k NyD;aemuf? a[mwd=jzpfaeao;\-teuf) 8/ ea[mwd wxm*awm y&r&Pm-ow0g aoNyD;aemuf rjzpfjcif;udp 9/ a[mwdp e pa[mwd wxm*awm y&r& Pm-jzpfwmvnf;&Sd? rjzpfwmvnf;&Sdjcif;/ 10/ ae0 a[mwd e pa[mwd wxm*awm y&r&Pm-vHk;0rjzpfawmhjcif;/ tw0g'? tw'd|dudktajccHaom t,l 10 rsKd;wdkYudk tusKd;r&Sd Ak'bk&m; ra[mMum;ay/ ajzMum;awmfrljcif;r&SdcJhacs/ Ak'bk&m; a[mMum;awmfrlonfudk ]Asmuw}ac:\/ ra[mMum;jcif;udk ]tAsm uw} ac:\/ Ak ' b k & m; a[mMum;awmf r l a om w&m; 4 yg; 1/ 'kuopm- qif;&Jjcif;trSefw&m;/ 2/ ork',opm-qif;&JaMumif;trSefw&m;/ 3/ eda&m"opm-qif;&J'kucsKyfNidrf;jcif; trSef w&m;/ 4/ 'kuea&m"*grdeD y#dy'g r*opm-qif;&J 'ku d csKyfNidrf;&modkYa&mufaMumif; tusifhvrf;rSef vrf;aMumif;rSef trSefw&m;/ avmu kyfemrfESpfyg; 'kuopm w&m;yJ &Sdonf/ wG,fwmrIwPSmu 'kujzpf aMumif;ork',opmjzpfonf/ 'ku? ork',? Nidrf;rIeda&m"opm edAmefudkrsufarSmufjyKEkdif rnf/ r*opm (r*i&pyg;)jzihf 'kuujkd rifatmif f S f I&rnf/ r*opmudk xlaxmif&rnf/ 'kuudk 'kuvdkYrjrifao;orQ edAmefudkvdkcsifMuOD;rnf r[k w f a y/ (&nf T e f ; pm- ygarmu c sKyf ? a'gufwmeErmvmbd0Ho? AsmuwtAsmuw w&m;awmf) rH k & G m aeZm

Ak'*wum D d
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) Amvd o d u 0w K

Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0wdjynf aZw0efausmif;awmf aeawmfrlaomtcg oH C mtaygif ; NcH & H v suf qG r f ; cH < uawmf r l txG u f w G i f t&d , mtrnf & S d a omol o nf ig;rQm;ae\/ teD;okdYa&mufvQif bk&m;&Sifonf &Sifom&dykw&m? &Sifarm*vmef paom om0u wkdY\trnfukdar;awmfrl ig;rQm;aeolukdvnf; oifhtrnfum; tolenf;..[kar;awmfrl\/ tuREkfyfum; t&d, rnf\[k avQmuf&mwGif &yfawmfrl ]]e awe t&da,m a[mwd}} paom *gxmukd a[mawmfrlonf/ ig;rQm;aeol t&d,onf aomwmyefwnfav\/ e awe t&da,m a[mwd? a,e ygPmed [d Howd/ [d Hom oAygPmeH? ]]t&da,m}} wd y0kpwd/ jref r muAsm ow0gESdyfpuf okdYtwGufaMumifh? t&d,ppf rjzpfEkdifyg? ow0gcyif; cspfjcif;aMumifhom? t&d, rkcsqkdtyfpGm/
He is not therefore an Ariya in that he harms living beings; through his harmlessness towards all living is he called an Ariya.

pum;ajy pum;ajy/ / tMuiftaMumif;aMumifh ouf&Sdow0g tpm;pm;wkdYukd nif;qJESdyfpuf\/ xk d o k d Y n i f ; qJ j cif ; aMumih f ol o nf t&d , mol j rwf r jzpf / ouf & S d o w 0 gtm;vk H ; wk d Y u k d (arwmyGm;aom tm;jzifh) rnOf;qJrESdyfpufaomaMumifh xkdolukd t&d,moljrwf[l ac:a0: ynwf orkwftyfayonf/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

0D&d,jzpfaMumif; wpfq,hfwpfyg;
H &SifP(zsmyk)
w&m;wdukd r&Eki?f vHv0D&,pduxwf Yk d Yk d k f k avh & S d a om ol o nf o mvQif xd k avmuk w & m w&m;? r*f w &m;? zdkvfw&m;wdkYudk &Ekdifonf? odkYjzpf 0D&d, w&m;onf &cJ v S p G m aom avmuk w & m r*fzvw&m;wdu&&Sjd cif;? tusK;d aus;Zl;&Sonf kd f Yk kd d [l 0D&d,\ tusKd;aus;Zl;udk Ijrifqifjcif avh&Sdjcif;/ (3)oG m ;&mvrf ; aMumif ; ud k aumif ; pG m qif j cif j cif ; tvH k ; pH k a ombk & m;? yap u Ak ' g ? t&d,mom0ut&SifjrwfwdkYonf 0D&d,wnf; [laom vrf;aMumif;jzihfom? bk&m;tjzpf? yap u Ak ' g tjzpf ? t&d , mom0utjzpf o d k Y a&mufawmfrlMuukef\/ odkYjzpf0D&d,onf bk&m;? yapuAk'g? t&d,mom0uwdkY oGm;&m ajzmih f r wf a omvrf ; aMumif ; BuD ; jzpf o nf ? vrf;aMumif;udk ysi;f &dowYkd rvduygEki?f vHv l k f d Yk 0D & d , aumif ; ol w d k Y o m vk d u f y gEk d i f \ [l qifjcifavh&Sdjcif;/ (4) 'g,umwd k Y vS L 'gef ; onf h qG r f ; ud k d k a ojcif ; / &[ef;wdkYrSm'g,umwdkYu rGefjrwf aom qGrf;udkvSL'gef;vkdufaomtcg ]qGrf; 'g,umrsm;onf oif\aqGrsKd;rsm; r[kwfMu? oihfudkrSDNyD; toufarG;vdkaomaMumihf vSLMu onf v nf ; r[k w f ? pif p pf r S m uk o d k v f aumif;rI\ BuD;jrwfaomtusKd;udkom vdkvm; vSL'gef;Muukef\? jrwfpGmbk&m;uvnf; 'g,umwdkY vSLaomqGrf;udkaygYaygYpm;NyD; aygY aygYae&ef cGihfjyKawmfrlcJhonfr[kwf? &[ef; w&m;udtm;xkwum oHo&m0#frS vGwajrmuf k f f Mu&ef&nfoefom cGihfjyKawmfrljcif;jzpfonf odkYaomqGrf;udk ysif;ysif;&d&d vHkYv0D&d, r&Sdaomolonf pm;oHk;jcif;iSm rxdkuf? vHkYv? 0D&d,udk BudK;pm;tm;xkwfaomolom pm;oHk; jcif;iSmxdkufonf[l qifjcifavh&Sdjcif;/ (5) cH , l & rnf h tarG \ jrif h j rwf y H k u d k qif j cif j cif ; jrwfpGmbk&m;xHrS om0uwdkY cH,l& rnfh tESpfonf o'g? oDv? ok*? pm*? ynm? [d&D? Mowywnf;[laom olawmfaumif; w&m;ckepfyg;wdkYjzpfonf/ xdkolawmfaumif; w&m;ckepfyg;wnf;[laom jrwfpGmbk&m;\ tarGtESpfudk ysif;&daomolonf rcH,lEkdif? avmu om;qdk;? orD;qdk;rsm;udk rdbwdkYu igwdkY\ om;orD;r[kwf [l om;orD;tjzpfrS pGefYypfxm;ojzihf rdbwdkY uG,fvGefaomtcg xdkom;orD;rsm;tarGr&ouJhodkY ysif;&daom olonfvnf; olawmfaumif;w&m;ckepfyg; wnf;[laom jrwfpGmbk&m;\ tarGtESpfudk r&Ekdif? vHkYv0D&d,&Sdaomolom &Ekdifonf[l qifjcifavh&Sdjcif;/ (6) q&mjzpf a om jrwf p G m bk & m;\ jrif h j rwf a wmf r l y H k u d k qif j cif j cif ; ig\q&mjrwfpGmbk&m;onf jrwfawmfrlvS\? y#doaEaeawmfrlaomtcg? awmxGufawmfrlaomtcg? bk&m;jzpfawmfrl aomtcg "rpBuFmw&m;OD;a[mawmfrlaom tcg om0wdjynf wdwdrsm;udk a&rD;tpHk wefcdk;jym#d[mjy ESdrfeif;awmfrlaomtcg? wm0wd HomewfjynfrS ouFe*dk&fjynfodkY <uqif ; awmf r l a omtcg? tm,k o cF g & vTwfawmfrlaomtcg? y&dedAmefpHawmfrlaom tcgwd k Y avmu "mwf p Mu0Vmtaygif ; wd k u f w pf a omif ; wk e f v I y f & \/ oif o nf rQavmuf j rih f j rwf a om jrwf p G m bk & m;\ om;awmfpifppf? orD;awmf pifppfjzpfygvsuf omoemESihfqdkif&m olawmf aumif;w&m;udk tm;rxkwfbJ ysif;ysif;&d&d aygYaygYwefwef aejcif;iSm roihavsm[ qifjcif avh&onf/ f f l dS (7) rdrd\ rsKd;dk;jrihfjrwfyHkudk qifjcifjcif; ig\ rsK;d d;k onf ,kwnonf r[kw?f f hH Zmwfa&m,SufrIrS vGwfuif;oefY&Sif;vSpGmaom r[mor w rif ; rS qif ; ouf u m Mou m u rif;\ tEG,awmfjzpfaom oka'g'erif;Bu;D ESihf f r[mrm,ma'0DwdkY\ ajr; &m[kvm\ nDaxG; jzpf o nf ? &m[k v monf jrwf p G m bk & m;\ a&T&ifawmfESpf om;awmfppfjzpf igonf omuD0ifrif;om; bk&m;om;awmftrnfukd cH,l vsuf&Sdonf/ pmrsuf E S m 10 ok d Y

owd y |meygVd a wmf 0d b if ; t| uxmESihf r[mowdy|meokwf t|uxm ponfwwif 0D&,jzpfapaom w&m;wpfq,hf Ykd G d wpfyg;&Sd aMumif;jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;awmf rlcJh\/ 0D&d,jzpfapaMumif; w&m;wpfq,hf wpfyg;wdkYrSm (1) tyg,f a b;ud k p Of ; pm;qif j cif j cif ; / igonf 0D&d,udk avsmhaygh aygYaygY qqaevQif aoonfaemuf tyg,fbHkodkY us a&mufaumif; usa&mufoGm;vdrhfrnf/ tyg,f av;bHteuf ]i&J} bHousjyefvQif aMumufruf k k Ykd zG,faumif;aom ESdyfpufjcif;trsKd;rsKd;wdkYjzifh BuD;pGmaom'kuudk cHpm;&aomtcgvnf; aumif;? wd&pmefb0usa&muf uGefydkufp onfjzihf zrf;qD;cH&NyD;aemuf vlrsm;jyKorQ cH& aomtcgvnf;aumif;? Nydwmb0usa&muf umv&SnfpGm iwfrGwfjcif;'kuudk cHpm;& aom tcgvnf;aumif; tol&um,fbHkodkY usa&mufNyD; tawmifajcmufq,f? tawmif &Spfq,fyrmP&Sd? tdk;ta&rQomjzpfaom cEmudk,fBuD;jzihf avwdkufcH&jcif;? aeylcH&jcif; paom qif;&J'uukd cHpm;ae&aomtcgvnf; k aumif;? orm0g,mr=aumif;pGmvHvpduxwf Yk k f k tyfaom w&m;aumif;wdkYudk tm;xkwfEkdifcGihf r&SdNyD ,ckb0? ,cktcsdefrSmom tm;xkwfcGihf &Sdonf[l qifjcifavh&Sdjcif;/ (2) 0D & d , \tusKd ; tmed o if u d k I j rif avh & S d j cif ; ysif;&daeaomolonf? oHo&m0#frS uRwfvGwfum avmukw&mr*fw&m;? zdkvf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

pMu0Vmac: avmuoH;k yg;udk zefw;D jzpfay:aprI

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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aom omoemjyKvk y f i ef ; awG u d k bG m ;ueJ awG U jrif v d k u f & ojzih f txuf y gtwd k i f ; tHMh ojcif;rsm;pGmjzihajymqdcs;D usL;vdurjd cif;jzpf f k k f ygonf/ ][kwfygw,f bk&m;? t&Sifbk&m;? yxra&mufuawmh bmrSr&Sao;ygbl;? wynhf d awmf yDyDjyifjyifeJY pwifwnfaxmifvmwmu (1998)ckESpfu jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DESpfrSmawmh ausmif ; om;? ausmif ; ol (11)OD ; &S d y gw,f / 'kwd,? wwd,ESpfrSm (14)OD;? pwkw? yrESpf rSm (20)OD;? q|rESpupNy;D ,cktcsetxd aygY f d f aemf? ausmif;om; ausmif;olOD;a& (40)rS (60)xd &S d v mygw,f b k & m;? wjznf ; jznf ; wdk;wufvmwmaygYaemf} [k q&mawmfOD;aAm"d nmPu pma&;oltm; 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om ajymjyaeonf/ pma&;oluvnf; om"kac:rd ygw,f/ Mum;odjrifawGU&aom Ak'bmom0if olawmfpifrsm;taejzihfvnf; pma&;olenf;wl 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpfrdrSmtrSefyif/ &|ygvomoemjyKausmif ; um; awmifukef;tjrifhrSm wnfxm;ojzihf wihfw,f rI&Sdovdk? ausmi;f0if;twGif;rSmvnf; om,m at;jrvSayonf/ ausmif;\ ta&SUxdyfu apwDawmfu xD;xD;rm;rm; tylaZmfcaeonf/ H o&ufyif? 'nif;yifawGESihf tkyftkyfqdkif;qdkif; rdIif;rdIif;pdkpdk? pdwfudkqGJaqmifavawmhonf/ ausmif;wdkuf\ at;jrom,myHku bmoma&; ESihf a0;aeolrsm;udk vmcsifpdwfay:vmatmif bmoma&;ESihf eD;olrsm;twGuf txufxuf aom Pfx;l PfjrwfawG&atmif qGaqmif J yHhydk;ay;aeouJhodkY jzpfayawmhonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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oEmef tpOfxm0& at;jraeaomaMumihf onf;cHrItwGuf txl;aMumihfMupdkufp&m rvdk awmhay/ omoemjyKjcif;[lonf wpfenf;tm; jzihf qdk&aomf a&&SnfwdkufyGJwpfck qifETJae& jcif;jzpf&m onf;cHrI t&nftcsif; csKdUwJhaeyg vQif aumufdk;rD;yrm? wpfcPom atmifjrif Ekdifrnf? aemufydkif;tzsm;SL;oGm;ayvdrhfrnf? tpaumif;ygvsuf taESmif;raocsm? jzpfoGm; ayvdrfhrnf? tcsufudk cyfaygYaygY wGufxm; vQif ygpifatmifvGJoGm;Muayvdrhfrnf/ tcsKdU omoemjyK&m ratmif j rif M ujcif ; rS m ]onf;cHrI} [laomtcsuf csKdU,Gif;aeaom aMumihfjzpfonf/ onf;cHrI (cED)tm;aumif;rS om awGUBuHKvmaom avmu"H tcuftcJudk zsufcGJausmfvGefEdkifrnf/ pifppf onf;cHrI(cED) [lonf pdwxm;jrifjh rwfowom jyKEi&maom f l Ykd dk f tajccH pGrf;tm;jzpfayonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m; onf tavmif;awmfb0u yg&rD(10)yg; tjym; (30)ud k jznh f u sih f a wmf r l & m onf ; cH r I (cED)udk tajccHxm;&ayonf/ aemufqHk;awmh oAnKwPocif bk&m;&Sifjzpfawmfrl vm& ayonf/ 'k w d , tcsuf u m;= jrif ; uJ h o d k Y vsifjref omoemjyKjcif;[lonf trGefjrwfqHk; aom uk o d k v f v k y f i ef ; jzpf a omaMumih f cyf oGufoGuf jyKvkyf&ayonf/ at;wd at;puf raeoihfyg? a`ErJhpGm ysmavmifcyfaejcif; rsKd;vnf; rjzpfoihfyg/ wnfwnfNidrfNidrfESihf cyf o G u f o G u f jyKvk y f a qmif & G u f & ayrnf / ]tbd w a &x uvsmaP=aumif ; aom (ukodkvf) vkyfief;rsKd; oGufvufvsifjrefpGm jyKvkyf&rnf}[k jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;xm; onf r[kwfyg avm/ yxdumeH "m0aEm oDCwarm= c&D; oGm;ol vltaygif;wGif ajy;oGm;olonf tvGef vsifjref\? 0g jrefjrefa&muf\wJh/ o'gusrf;xJu jyxm;aom jy,k*f O'g[kPav;wpfcyif? t"dyg ,fum; wmoGm; f k vS\/ ae&mpHk? u@pHk oHk;pGJEkdifaom tzdk; wef p um;wpf c G e f ; jzpf \ / t"d y g ,f u d k &nf & G , f pm;ok w f o k w f ? oG m ;ok w f o k w f ? vmokwfokwf? usihfoHk;&rnf? okwfoHk;usrf; aus&rnf[k a&S;vlBuD;olrwdkY ajymMu[ef wl a yonf / ok w f o D v u e f ? ok w f r [m0g? ok w f y gax,s[l a om yd # uwf o H k ; yH k w G i f yg0if a om ok w f o H k ; usrf ; ud k aus&rnf [ k ajymxm;av[ef oHo,? 0uF0kpf pum;rsKd;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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jzpfayonf/ vkd&if;rSm aumif;aomtvkyfudk cyfoGufoGuf cyfjrefjref BudK;pm;vkyfudkif&rnf/ aoG;at;raeoihf[k qdkvdk&if;jzpfayonf/ wwd , tcsuf u m;= qif u J h o k d Y cGetm; oef? omoemjyK&m pdw"mwfcetm;? f f G f P cGetm; aumif;&rnf? pdw"mwfaysmno?l f f h hH tawG;tac:Pfr&SdvQif rxda&mufEkdifay/ ]pdawe ed,aw avmaum= avmuBuD;udk pdwu OD;aqmif\? raemykA*rm"rm= pdwom f F f vQif a&SUoGm;acgif;aqmifjzpf\} oabm w&m;ud k ud k , f p m;jyKxm;aom qE B uD ; &if BuH o rQNyD ; onf ? pd w f y sKd a wmh ud k , f E k ? pd w f a xmif ; awmh u d k , f a us? pd w f o m &Sifapm? bk&m;a[m} paom pum;yHkrsm;udk a&S;vlBuD;olrwdkY xm;&SdcJhMuonf/ xdkYaMumihf omoemjyK&m pdw"mwfcetm; aumif;&rnf? f G f aemufwpfcku PcGeftm; aumif;&rnf/ PcGeftm; raumif;vQifvnf; atmifjrif oih f o avmuf ratmif j rif E k d i f ? acwf E S i h f tnD t ajrmf t jrif Pf & S d r S tod Pf A[k o k w &S d r S uG u f a usmf jrif w wf r S v nf ; BuH w d k i f ; atmif aqmif w d k i f ; ajrmuf M uay vdrrnf/ fh pwk w t csuf u m;= jcaoF h u J h o d k Y &Jrmef? omoemjyK&m &Sdoihf &Sdxdkufaom &JpGrf;owd &SdrS atmifjrifEkdifonf/ oGm;oihfu rnfonfh a'orsKd;rqdk oGm;&J&rnf? ajymoihf vQif rnfonfy*Kd vrsK;d udrqdk ("rvrf;aMumif; h k f k twdkif;) ajym&J&rnf/ rnfonfhy&dowfrsKd; rqdk 0ifqefY &rnf? a[m&Jajym&J&&rnf? xduoYdk dS k hJ a[m&J ajym&Jatmifvnf; avhvmxm;&rnf/ BuKd wif jyifqifxm;&rnf? odrom atmifjrifrI Yk S &ayvdrfhrnf? omoemjyK&m yGJwdkif;ra&Smif? ETwi;f atmifjrifvorsm;taejzihf txufyg ]pH} J kd kd l av;csufudk tav;teufxm;NyD; vdkufem aqmif&Gufoihfayonf/ q&mawmf O D ; aAm"d n mPum; txufygpHav;csufESihf jynhfpHkaom omoemh tmZmenfwpfyg;jzpfayonf/ vufcxm;aom H wdi;f &if;om;vlrsK;d EG,av;rsm;twGuf pm;0wf k f aea&;? ynma&;? usef;rma&;rStp t&m&m wm0ef , l N yD ; apmih f a &S m uf x m;&ayonf / pufBuD;wpfckvdk aeYpOfvnfywfaeayonf/ pma&;oltaeeJYvnf; ESpfpOf qefwpftdwf qDwpfyHk;udk q&mawmf OD;aAm"dnmPOD;pD;ae aom &|ygvomoemjyKausmif;odYk vSL'gef;cJyg h onf/ pma&;ol vSL'gef;aom qefwpftwf d

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tNrrjywfEv;Hk oGi;f qifjciftyfaom w&m;ig;yg; J S

Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; tNrrjywf ESv;kH oGi;f qifjciftyf aom w&m;ig;yg;wdukd okwef jzpfaom toufraoorQ rmefrusaom rmecJBuD; jzpfayonf/ J Yk yd#uwf t*Fkw & edum,fygVdawmf yu tbdPSokwf a[mawmf rnfolrqkd touf&SifaevQif rmef w<u<ujzpfMuNrJjzpfonf/ xkdrmejzifh rmefw<u<ujzpf ,pfrl arhavsmhaeMuaom rlygonf/ ow0gwkonf 'kpkuf (10)yg; tukovw&m;wkudk uk,wif wkuwe;f Yd d kd f Yd d f dk d f G tNrJ r jywf ES v H k ; oG i f ; qif j cif t yf a om w&m;ig;yg; cs;D rGr;f pdwwl rlav;csujf zifh yufyufpufpufjyKMuuke\/ ZD0wrmefonf f f d (1) igonf tdkjcif;oabm&Sd\/ xdkoabmudk rvGefqefEdkifygwum;/ rQqkd;0g;vSaom ygywrw&m;jzpfayonf/ xkdZD0dw rmefw&m; qkd;BuD;ukd aojcif;oabmqifjcif ajzazsmufy,f&Sm;Ekdifav\/ uJhodkY tNrJrjywf qifjciftyf\/ (2) igonfemjcif;oabm&Sd\/ xkdoabmudk rvGefqefEdkifygwum;/ tm;enf ; csd e J Y o G m ;atmif pG r f ; aqmif E k d i f \ / uJ h o k d Y ZD 0 d w rmef (3) igonf aojcif;oabm&Sd\/ xdkoabmudk rvGefqefEdkifygwum;/ uif;vGwfjcif;? tm;enf;oGm;jcif;tusKd;ukd &nf&G,f aojcif;w&m;ukd (4) igtm; cspfcifolwkdYESifh auGuGif;&rSmygwum; odkYtNrJrjywf qifjcif&av\/ (4) cspf a omol w k d Y E S i h f a uG u G i f ; &jcif ; oabmuk d qif j cif j cif ; onf qifjciftyf\/ (5) igonf uHomvQif tarGcHOpm&Sdacs\/ igonf aumif;qdk;ESpf cspfciftyfaomolwdkYtay:rSm cspfcifMuifem wG,fwmwyfrufjcif; wefuHudk jyKrdcJhaomf? igonfomvQif igjyKrdaomuH\ aumif;arG &m*w&m; ukd y,f&Sm;&jcif;tusKd;&Sd\/ om;cspf? orD;cspf? r,m;cspf? aqGcspf rsKd;cspf? taygif; qdk;arG xkdESpfaxGudk raoGtrSefcH&rSmygwum;/ odkY tNrJrjywf qifjciftyf\/qifjcif&rnf/ ig;yg;aom toif ; cspf ? Op m cspf ? yp n f ; cspf ? &mxl ; cspf tp&S d a om tcspf taMumif;t&m wdkYudk rdef;r? a,mufsm;? vl&Sif &[ef; rnfolrqdk oHo&mxJrSm w0Jvnfvnf ,pfrl;arhavsmhaeMuaom ow0gwkdYonf xkdtcspfukdtajccH 'kpkduf (10)yg; tukokdvfw&m;wkdYukd vGefvGef tNrJrjywf ESvHk;oGif;qifjciftyfukef\/ MuL;MuL; jyKvk y f M uuk e f \ / tcspf w nf ; [l a om &m*w&m;onf tNrJ r jywf ES v H k ; oG i f ; qif j cif E d k i f j cif ; \ tusd K ;w&m;rsm; oHo&mxJu rxGufEkdifatmif tyg,f tusOf;pcef;xJrSm 'kurqkH;Ekdif (1) tdkjcif;oabmudk qifjcifjcif;onf a,mAermefukdy,f&jcif; atmif zefwD; Ekdifaom w&m;qkd; w&m;,kwfBuD;jzpfav\/ xkdcspfciftyfaomolwdkY tay: jzpfaom tcspfw&m;qkd;ukd tusKd ; &S d w ,f / a,mA e rmef qd k o nf u m; t&G , f a umif ; jcif ; ud k cspfolauGuGif;&jcif;? w&m;oabmukd qifjcif y,fazsmufay;Ekdif trSDjyKjzpfavh&SdMuaom rmefrmejzpfonf/ xdkrmefrmejzifh rmef,pfarhavsmhMuaom ow0gwdkYonf av\/ tcspfayhgoGm;atmif avsmhoGm;atmif vnf; pGrf;aqmifEkdif\/ 'kp&kduf(10)yg; tukodkvf w&m;wkdYukdjyKrSm;Muukef\/a,mAermef uJhodkY cspfciftyfaom olwkdYtay: cspfcifwG,fwmjcif; &m*\ [lonf rQqdk;&Gm;av\/ xkdrmefukd tkdjcif;oabm qifjcif uif ; jywf j cif ; tm;enf ; jcif ; tusKd ; uk d &nf & G , f cspf o l w k d Y E S i f h y,fazsmufEkdif\/ xkdokdY qifjcifvkdufojzihf xkdrmefonf avsmhus auGuGif;&jcif;oabmukd qifjcif &avonf/ H dS f d f vGipifuif;yoGm;\/ avsmyg;tm;enf;oGm;\/ xkaMumifh xkuoYdk aom (5) uHomvQif tarGc&\/ uH\aumif;qk;d ESpaxG tarGudk uk,omcH& hf h d d hJ pH & \[k qif j cif &jcif ; onf tuk o k d v f ' k p k d u f w &m;qk d ; rS tusKd;ukd&nf&G,f tkdjcif;obmukd qifjcif&avonf/ (2) emjcif;oabmukdqifjcifjcif;onf tma&m*srmefukd y,f&jcif; uif;vGwf&jcif;tusKd;&Sd\/ udk,fjyKaomuH udk,fomcH&rnf pH&rnf[k rqifjcifygu? tusKd;&Sd\/ tma&m*srmef [lonfrSm tema&m*guif; usef;rmjcif;ukd tukodkvf'kpdkufqdk;udk jyK&JMurnfjzpf\/ pOf;pm;qifjcifygu 'kpdkuf tpGJjyK jzpfaom rmefrmejzpfavonf/ xkdrmefrmejzifh ,pfrl;arhavsmhMuukef aom ow0gwdkYonf (10)yg; tukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk rjyK&JMuacs/ xdkYaMumifhuru ur'g,m' oabmudk qifjcifjcif;onf 'kpku(10)yg; tukovf w&m;wdudk Zuf&vuf&J 0uf0ufuJG jyKvyMf u d f dk Yk J k uke\/ tma&m*s rmefrmeonf rQrurJ aomw&m;qk;d Bu;D jzpfay\/ 'k p d k u f ( 10)yg; tuk o d k v f w &m;wd k Y u d k rjyKvk y f & J a tmif f dk f xk d t ma&m*srmef rmew&m;qk d ; uk d emjcif ; oabmqif j cif y,f a zsmuf a y;Ed k i f a Mumif ; / tm;enf ; atmif j yK vk y f E d k i f a Mumif ; kd f Yk uif;pifvGifhaysmufoGm;atmif y,fazsmufEkdif\/ tm;enf;avsmhyg; xif&Sm;avonf/ odkY 'kpdkuf(10)yg; tukovw&m;wdrS uif;vGwf jcif ; ? tuk o d k v f w &m;avsmh y g;tm;enf ; jcif ; tusKd ; ud k & nf & G , f ? oG m ;atmif xk d ; ES u f E k d i f \ / xk d Y a Mumif h uJ h o k d Y tma&m*srmef uif;vGwfjcif;? tm;enf;jcif;tusKd;ukd&nf&G,f emjcif;oabmukd uru ur'g,m' oabmudkqifjcif&avonf/ ]]w&m;ig;yg;wdkYudk tNrJrjywf qifjcifEdkifMuygap}} qifjcif&avonf/ (3) aojcif ; oabmuk d qif j cif j cif ; onf ZD 0 d w rmef u k d Nidrf;csrf;OD; y,f&jcif;tusKd;&Sd\/ ZD0dwrmef [lonf touf&Sifoefjcif;ukdtpGJjyK f

NEW VISON OF DHAMMA

12

"r0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

DOCTRINAL APPROACH

The world is exploding and it is passing you by

[Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif
At that time of the morning the streets of the small village were empty but beyond them the country was full with trees, meadows and whispering breezes. The one main street was lighted and everything else was in darkness. The sun would come up in about three hours. It was a clear starlit morning.

oihukd yxm;cJNh y;D aemuf urmBu;D ayguuaew,f f f JG

driving, meditation seems to come so naturally. You are aware of the countryside, the houses, the farmers in the field the mark of the passing car and the blue sky through the leaves.

ol u puf r I y nmpuf u &d , mawG e J Y ywf o uf v d k Y ES p f N cd K uf pdwf0ifwpm;&Sdw,f/ um;wpfpD;&JUpuftpdwftydkif;awGudk jzKwfwyf tJ'Dreufcif;wkef;u &Gmi,fuav;&JU vrf;awGay:rSm vlol jyifqifavh&Sdw,f/ oljyifqifvdkufwJh um;[marmif;ESifwJh tcgrSm t&dyfta,mifawG uif;rJhokOf;qdwfvdkYaew,f/ &GmtjyifzufqDrSmawmh topfpufpufvkdyJ aumif;wmudkawGUMu&w,f/ um;armif;wJhtcg opfyifawG jrufcif;pdrf;awGeJY wD;wdk;pum;qdkjrnfaewJh avajyav jrifawGU&wJh jrifuGif;awG[m 0dyem ur|mef;IrSwfyGm;rsm;wJhtcg nif;uav;awG jyefYjyefYBuJ&SdaeMuw,f/ &Gmv,fu vrf;rBuD;wpfvrf; jrif a wG U I r S w f M u&avh & S d w J h oabmjrif u G u f I u G u f a wG [ m xJrSmyJ rD;a&mifawG vif;xdefaeNyD;awmh t&m&mwdkif;[m rJarSmifvdkYae obm0tavsmuf 0ifvmwwfMuyHkvJ BuHK&wwfygw,f/ qJyg/ aemufo;kH em&DavmufMumrSom aeuxGuvmrSmjzpfygw,f/ 'gu f vrf;ab;0J,mwpfavQmufu jrifuGif;jrifuGufawGrSm vlae Mu,fpHkn&JU tkPfOD;okyfyJjzpfygw,f/ tdrfawG? v,fuGif;jyifawGxJu v,form;awG? vrf;ay:rSm armif;ESif The snow peaks and the glaciers were still in darkness jzwfoef;oGm;MuwJh um;awGeJY opfudkif;opf&GufawG Mum;uaejzwfNyD; and almost everyone was sleeping. The narrow mountain roads awGUae&wJh aumif;uifjymjym rdk;wdrfvTmawGudkvJ tqdkif;vdkuf todkif; had so many curves that one couldn't go very fast, the car was new and being run in. It was a beautiful car, powerful with good vdkufjrifaeMu&ygw,f/
lines.

ESif;zHk;awmifxGwfawGeJY a&cJawmifawG[m tarSmifxkxJrSm yJ&Sdaeao;w,f/ &Sd&SdorQtm;vHk; tdyfarmusaeMuqJjzpfygw,f/ awmifay:u vrf;usO;f uav;[m jrefjrefououf rarmif;Ekiavmuf G f G d f atmif tauGUtaumufawGu rsm;jym;vSw,f/ um;topfuav; wpfpD;uawmh armif;ESifajy;vTm;aew,f/ um;aMumu oGifjyiftae txm; om;em;NyD; puftm;aumif;wJh um;uav;wpfpD;jzpfygw,f/
In that morning air the motor ran most efficiently. On the auto-route it was a thing of beauty and as it climbed it took every corner, steady as a rock. The dawn was there, the shape of the trees and the long live of hills and the vineyards; it was going to be a lovely morning; it was cool and pleasant among the hills. The sun was up and there was dew on the leaves and meadows.

You are not even aware that meditation is going on, this meditation that began ages ago and would go on endlessly. Time isn't a factor in meditation, nor the word is the meditator. There's no meditator in meditation. If there is, it is not meditation. The meditator is the word, thought and time, and so subject to change, to the coming and going. It's not a flower that blooms and dies. Time is movement.

tJ'Dreufcif;avxkxJrSm tpGrf;ukefarmif;ESifajy;vTm;ae w,f/ awmifwufum;vrf;ay:rSmawmh olu tvSwpfyg;jzpfvkdYaeyg w,f/ vrf;twuftawGUtaumufwdkif;rSm Nidrfhoufouf auGU0dkuf armif;ESifaew,f/ Munhfae&if;rSmyJ tkPfwufawmhr,fav/ opfyif rm;rm;BuD;awG&JU t&dyfoPmefawG? awmifukef;awGeJY pysufNcHawG&JU &Snfvsm;vSwJh tem;owfaumufaMumif;awGeJY 'DESpfoufp&m reufcif; [m vif;ygawmhr,fav/ awmifwef;wcdk awmifBudKawmifMum;awGrSm vSyausmh&Sif;wJh jrLESif;awGu qdkif;vdkYaeav&JU/ ajymae&if; qdkae&if; You are sitting on the bank of a river, watching the warSmyJ aevHk;BuD;vJ xGufjyLvdkYvmcJhygNyD/ ESif;pufESif;rIefawG[m opf&Guf ters, the current and the things floating by. When you are in the opfcufawGeJY jrufcif;jyifxJu jrufyifav;awGay:rSm pD&&DwGJcdkaeMu water, there's no watcher. Beauty is not in the mere expression, pJjzpfw,f/ it's in the abandoment of the word and expression, the canvas
He always liked machinery; he dismantled the motor of a car and when it ran it was as good as new. When you are and the book.

'gawGukd cifAsm;wdowdxm;rdwmu 0dyem ur|mef;w&m; Yk I r S w f y G m ;rsm;aeyguvm;&,f v d k Y a wmif owd j yKrd r ,f r xif b l ; ? wu,fawmh vGeavNy;D aom umvwm&Snuwnf;u pwifcwhJ 'Drwf f f hJ I S yGm;rsm;jcif;[m rqH;k Ekiatmif qufvufwnf&aeOD;rSmjzpfw,f/ 0dy d f dS emur|mef;w&m; IrSwfyGm;rsm;jcif;tvkyfrSm ydkif;jcm;owfrSwfrI tcsdef umv[mtaMumif;&if;tcsufwpf&yfawmh r[kwfygbl;/ IolqdkwJh ynwf[mvnf;yJ taMumif;&if;wpf&yfr[kwygbl;? Irwym;rsm;jcif;qdk f S f G wJh 0dyem tvkyrm ]Io}l qdwm wu,fawmh r&Sygbl;/ &Saeygw,f f S k d d vdkYqdk&if 'grSr[kwf &Sdae&ifvnf; IrSwfyGm;rsm;jcif;tvkyfawmh r[kwf awmhygbl;/ Iolqdkwm[m ynwfjzpfw,f/ tawG;eJY tcsdefumvjzpf w,f/ 'gaMumihf rlvtaMumif;t&mu vmjcif;eJY oGm;jcif;? 'grSr[kwf jzpfjcif;eJY ysufjcif;&,fvdkY ajymif;vJoGm;w,f/ yGihfum;vmNyD;wJhaemuf EGrf;a<uoGm;wJh yef;wpfyGihfvnf;yJ r[kwfygbl;/ tcsdefumvqdkwm a&GU vsm;rIyg/

NEW VISON OF DHAMMA

"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ cifAsm;[m jrpfwpfpif;&JU urf;ezl;rSm xdkifaeNyD; pD;qif;aewJh a&tvsOfeJY pD;arsmvmaewJh t&m0wKawGudk IMunhfaew,fqdkMuygpdkY/ cifAsm;&JU pdwftmHkwpfckvHk;[m pD;qif;aewJh jrpfa&tvsOfxJrSm pl;0if epfarsmaeyg&if tJ'DpOfrSm Iol[m vHk;0qdwfokOf;csKyfqHk; aysmufuG,f aerSmjzpfygw,f/ eufdIif;rItvSw&m;qdkwm azmfxkwfjyovdkY r&ygbl;? ynwfa0g[m&pum;vHk;awG? azmfxkwfjyorIawG&JU ty? yef;csDa&;qGJwJh uif;AwfpawGeYJ pmtkyawG&UJ tjyifzufrmyJ tvSw&m;qdwm &Sygw,f/ f S k d

13

work that we are engaged in. This is an actual fact. If one may point out, no one comes between me and another.

tck'DudprSm cifAsm;rSefw,f&,fvkdY uRefawmfu twwf rajymEkdifygbl;? *dkPf;*Pwpf&yfxlaxmifwmyJjzpfjzpf? wpfjcm;bmyJ vkyfvkyf wm0ef,lrIwpf&yfuawmh &SdMu&rSmjzpfw,f/ t&Sdeft0g MoZm xlaxmifrIryg&SdyJeJYvnf; jzpfwnfEkdif&if jzpffwnf&rSmyg/ wu,fawmh MoZmt&Sdeft0g qdkwmu twlwuG aygif;pnf; aqmif&GufrI? twlwuG aqG;aEG;ajymqdkrIawGudk tvHk;pHk ysufpD;apyg How peaceful the hills, the meadows and these trees D kd f d f Ykd are: the whole country is bathed in the light of a passing morn- w,f/ tJ'vtvkyrsK;awG[m uReawmfwwawG yg0ifywfoufaeMuwJh ing. Two men were arguing loudly with many gestures, red in the tvkyfe,fy,ftoD;oD;rSm jzpfysufBuHKawGUaeMu&wJh udpawGvJyJjzpfyg face. The road runs through a long avenue of trees and the ten- w,f/ 'gu wu,fhjzpf&yftrSefawGyg/ tu,f wpfOD;wpfa,muf derness of the morning is fading. uom axmuf j yajymqd k a umif ; ajymqd k E k d i f r ,f q k d & if uRef a wmf h e J Y rdi;f ysysawmifue;f awG? pdr;f vJvhJ jrufcif;awGeYJ a[m'Dopfyif wpfjcm;wpfpwa,mufMum;udk b,fourS 0ifaESmufEirm r[kwygbl;/ I k h kH l dk f S f awGudk Ijrifae&wm b,favmufrsm; Nidrf;csrf;at;jrvdkufygbdovJ "What you are saying is of the utmost importance. All aus;vufwpfckvHk;udk reufcif;tvif;eJY aq;aMumoefYpifNyD;cgprSm that you write and say should be printed and circulated by a vlESpfa,muf[m us,favmifus,favmifeJY tcsif;rsm;aeMuw,f/ ajc small group of people who are serious and dedicated. The world [efvuf[eftrlt&mtpHkeJY olwdkY&JU rsufESmawGuvnf; teDa&mifvTrf; is exploding and it is passing you by." ]]cifAsm;ajyma[maewmawGu wu,fhudk ta&;ygygw,f/ vsuf? vrf;u opfyifwef;wpfavQmufudk jzwfoGm;Muw,f/ 'Dawmh reuf cif;&JUEl;nHajyjypforarGUjcif;awG[mvJ uif;qdwvYkd aysmufq;kH oGm; cifAsm;a&;orQ? a[majymorQawGudk tav;teufxm;MuwJh vlwpfpk h d f f u yHkESdyfxkwfa0jzefYcsdMurSmjzpfw,f/ urmBuD;uaygufuGJaew,f/ awmhw,f/ The sea stretched before you and the smell of eucalyp- cifAsm;udk y xm;cJhrSmjzpfw,f/
tus was in the air. He was a short man, lean and hard of muscle: he had come from a far away country, darkend by the sun. After a few words of greeting, he launched into criticism. How easy it is to criticuse without knowing what actually are the facts. He said: "You may be free and live really all that you are talking about, but physically you are a prison, padded by your friends. You don't know what is happening around you. People have assumed authority, though you yourself are not authoritarian." I am afraid again you are not fully aware of what is happening. At one time a small group took the responsibility of circulating what has been said. Now, too, a small group has undertaken the same responsibility. Again, if one may point out, you are not aware of what is going on.

bmawGb,fvdkjzpfysufaew,fqdkwm cifAsm; jynhfjynhfpHkpHk vHk;0rodwJhtwGuf uRefawmftawmfhudk xdwfvefYpdk;&drfrdygw,fAsm/ wpfcsdefu vlwpfpkavmufuyJ cifAsm;a[majymcJhwmawGudk yHkESdyfjzefYcsd oihf&JUa&SUrSm us,fajymwJhyifv,fjyif? avxkxJu ,luvpf zdkY wm0ef,lcJhMuw,fav/ tckvnf; tJ'DvlwpfpkuyJ 'Dwm0efudk ,lcJh &eHY? t&yfykyk wkwfwkwfcdkifcdkif vufjyifudkif;udkif;eJYvl[m tvGefa0;oD Muwmjzpfw,f/ xyfNyD;ajymjy&r,fqdk&if wu,fvdkY wpfOD;wpfa,muf acgifwJh we,f&yfaus;wdkif;wpfyg;uvmwJhvl jzpfwmudk aeavmif u axmufjyajymqdkaumif;ajymqdkr,fqdk&ifjzihf bmawGjzpfaew,fqdk wmcifAsm;odjrifvmEkdifrSmyg/ xm;vkdY ndKarmif;aewJh olYtom;ta&u azmfjyaeygw,f/ He made various criticisms but they were based on aswpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf EIwfcGef;qufpum; enf;enf;yg;yg; sumptions and passing opinions. Without defending, one pointed ajymMuNyD;wJhtcgrSmawmh olu a0zefa&;jrm;awG '&pyfypfvTwfawmh out what was actually taking place. But.... wmygyJ/ wu,fhtjzpfoepf tppftrSeftaMumif;w&m;awGudk rod&Sd olu a0zefrIawG trsKd;rsKd;vkyfcJhayr,fh 'gawGtm;vHk;[m yJeYJ a0zefwm[m b,favmufrsm; vG,uvuygovJ/ olpNy;D ajymwm xifjrif,lqcsufawGtay:rS tajccHwJh rcdkifrvHkwJh xifjrifcsufawG f l kd f u jzpfygw,f/ rdru,rrd umuG,wmr[kwyJ wpfO;D wpfa,mufu trSef d kd f d f f ]]cifAsm;[m cifAsm;a[majymaewJh twdkif; taESmiftzGJUu wu,fjzpfysuaewmawGukd axmufjyaewmjzpfw,f/ 'gayw,fv.. f Ykd uif;aumif;uif;ygr,f/ 'gayr,fh vufawGUusus kyfykdif;t& ajym&&if How strange human beings are. cifAsm;[m wu,fawmh tusOf;uscHae&wmjzpfw,f/ cifAsm;&JU vlqwm[m b,fuavmufrsm; tHz,o&J xl;qef;tHMh ozG,f kd h G f rdwaqGawGu 'gudk ckcumuG,ajymqday;aeMuw,f/ cifAsm;&JU ywf0ef; aumif;vdkufygovJvdkY/ f H f k usifrSm bmawGjzpfaew,fqdkwm cifAsm;rodbl;? cifAsm;udk,fwdkifu The hills were receding and the noise of daily life was MoZmxlaxmifolr[kwfayr,fh vlawGuawmh t&Sdeft0g MoZmudk around one, the coming and going, sorrow and pleasure. A single t[kwfxifwwfMuwmyJav....}} tree on a hillock was the beauty of the land. And deep down in
I am not sure you are right in this matter. To run a school or any other theng there must be a certain responsibility and it can and does exist without the authoritarian impalication. Authority is wholly detrimental to co-operation, to talking things over together. This is what is being done in all the the valley was a stream and beside it ran a railroad. You must leave the world to see the beauty of that stream.

awmifue;f awG[ma0;vdYk a0;vdusecw,f/ aeYo"l0vlrb0 k Yk f hJ I &JU toHAvHawG? vmjcif;eJY oGm;jcif;qdkwJh toGm;eJYtjyefawG? qif;&Jjcif; 'kueJY csrf;omjcif;okcw&m;awG[m vlwpfa,muf&JU 0ef;usifywfvnf

PORTENT; OMEN

14

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

atmufrsufcrf;vIyfaomedrdwfudk a&S;olawmfaumif;rsm; rSwf,lavh&SdyHk

armif x d e f 0 if ; (opf a wm) a0E&mrif;Bu;D onf om;awmforD;awmfwukd plZumykPm; Ykd xH vSL'gef;pOf r'Drdzk&m;\ vuf,mrsufpdvIyfaMumif; Zwut|uxm a0oE&ZmwfwGif qdkonf/ onfudkaxmufu a&S;olawmfaumif;wdkY onfvnf; tom;vIyfedrdwfudk owdjyKrSwf,lavh&SdaMumif; odEdkifav onf/ a0oE & Zmwf a wmf v mt|uxm r' D y d a cg tZ r ,m? 'k k y d a em 'd a |m? umva0? rlvzvmzvH? *a[wGm trH *rdmrDwd? urrmem rlvzvm zvmed O y"ma&od / (1) txm [w a wm cPd w d y wd / (2) wxm tH o awm O* D 0 y wd (0grH o ul # awm yp d p ywd ) / (3) 'u d P u d p zE w d / (4) zvd a em k u m tzvm0d , ? tzvmp zvd a em0d , cg, d H o k / (5) 'o'd o m eynm,d H o k / omud cg,d HEkacg'H? ykaA tblwykAH tZara[mwd? ud Hb0docwd/ (u) r,H S 0 g rE &ma,m b0d wd / (c) rryk w m 0g/ (*) O'g[k a0E& mwd pdaEwGm tm[/ cPduH ar ywdwH? 'udPudp zE w d ? tzvm zvd a emk u m ? oA m rk , S E d ar'd o mwd / ed r d w f v u P m oH a 0*vuF m rsm;vSow0g? wYdkoligum;? oHo&mwpfaMum? pkefqefarsm? aomuyifv,f? rqHk;zG,fwnhf? Pf0,fazGq? oHa0*udk? &MutHhiSm? qdkvkdufygthH? b*0gtwkv? oHl;vlYbESihf? b'upem? &m[kvmwdkY? 0uF bmXme? wpfcsdefuvQif? aomuZmwfvrf;? tvGrf;cef;wnhf? Murf;wrf; &ufpuf? nOftyrufaMumif?h pdwpufrMunf? r,fr'onf? wke&a,mif h d f f D f D 0g;? awmodkYoGm;aomf? aqmifxm;vufrS? wl&Gif;us\/ 'udPwnf? rsufpdonfvnf;? wkef&Dqwfqwf? wzsyfzsyfwnhf? trSwfrxif? toD; yifwdkY? rjriftoD;? tcsnf;ESD;&Sihf? roD;avdk;? opfyifrsdK;? NzdK;NzdK;oD[ef? jrif&jyef\? awmif,Hawmacsmuf? rsufpdarSmuf? awmifajrmufrxif? pdwfb0if? r&Tifrys? awGa0vS\? ihgwGufavvm;? om;wGufvm;ESihf? vifom;rif;jrwf? ab;&efuyfzdkY? trSwftom;? edrdwfvm;[k? pdwftm; avsmhi,f? aomu<u,fonf? awmv,f0uFbmidkcef;wnf;/

r' D r d z k & m;BuD ; vS n h f v nf i d k a <u;&mc&D ; wmyrmP wm, {u&w d H ? 0d p &d w |meH y&d * , S r meH ? yE m &o a,mZe? rw H ta[mod / / r'Da'0Drdzk&m;BuD;onf awmv,frSausmif;ocFrf;odkYta&muf om;awmfroD;awmfuav;rsm;udk rawGU&ojzihf wpfnOfywfv;kH wwGwf h wGwf ajymqdkidka<u;vsuf? 0uFbmausmif;ocFrf;ywfvnfawmtwGif; vSnhfvnf&mt&yfyrmPudk odrf;usHK;a&wGuf,ltyfygu? wpfq,hfig; ,lZem (wpf,lZem 8-rdkifEIef;jzihf rkdif 120 ESifESif&Sdonf)[k ygVdyd#uwf Zmwu0wKa0E&Zmwf? t|uxmwGif azmfjyyg&Sdygonf/ armif x d e f 0 if ; (opf a wm) aemuf a usmzk H ; rS uawmh olYtoufowfrI? olYOpmudkcdk;rI? olwpfyg; tdrf,mudk usL;vGef jypfrSm;rIpwJh 'kpdkufw&m;qdk;awGyJjzpfygw,f/ 'Dtvkyf 'DtjyKtrl? 'Dtajymtqkd? 'DtusihftBuHrsKd;awGudk ynm&Sdolawmfaumif;BuD;rsm;u pufqkyf&GH&SmawmfrlMuygw,f/ tJ'Dpufqkyf&GH&Smp&m tjypfqdk uJh&JUp&mtjypf&SdwJh tukodkvf tvkyfrsKd;awGudk om0ZtvkyfawG&,fvdkYvJac:qdkMuygw,f/ wu,f awmh 'DtvkyfawGudk raumif;aomtusihf? raumif;rI 'kpdkufw&m; &,fvYkd ac:qdMk uygw,f/ ygVdbmomu raumif;rI 'kpduukd tukov k f . (tuk* v)? tom"k? tokE&/ u|(u)/ ygy? 'k|('k)vkac:qdygw,f/ Yd k ygy qdkwmu 'kp&dwvdkYac:qdkwJh raumif;rI 'kpdkufw&m; (10)yg;udk Tef;ygw,f/ Papa means all ten types of Evil Actions (Duccarita)jzpfygw,f/ raumif;wJhtusihf? raumif;rI'kpdkufw&m;qdkwmu (10)yg; &Sdygw,f/ udk,fESihfqkdifwJh um,'kpdkufu (3)yg;? EIwfeJY qdkifwJh 0pD'kpdkufu (4)yg;/ pdwfeJYqdkifwJh raem'kpdkufu (3)yg;/ aygif;(10)yg; jzpfygw,f/
There are ten types of Evil Actions (Duccarita) committed throught in deeds; speech and intent are:-

rSm 0ef;&HvdkYjzpfwnfaeMuw,f/ awmifylpmuav;ay:u xD;wnf;BuD; &SdaewJh opfyifBuD;[ 'DajrjyifuGif;wpfckvHk;&JU tvSwpfyg;jzpfw,f&,f vdkY ajym&rSmyg/ awmifMum;csKdihf0Srf;&JU teufdIif;qHk; atmufajcrSm prf;acsmif;av;u rD;&xm;vrf;ab;uae arQmifNyD; pD;qif;oGm;aeav &JU/ tJ'Dprf;acsmif;uav;&JU prf;a&pD;oHtvSudk IjrifcHpm;EkdifzdkY&m 'DurmavmuBuD;udk cifAsm;&JUaemufausmrSm xm;ypfcJh&rSmjzpfw,f/ (tdE,awG;ac:ynm&Sif c&pf&em;rl&w;D \ Daily diary Jourd S f nal rS rSwfwrf;wpfyk'fudk xkwfEIwf jyefqdkygonf/) [H o m0wD - OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if

xdk'kpdkufonf (1) ygPmwdygw - olYtoufowfjcif;/

- - 1. panatipata-killing.

(2) t'dEm'ge-olYOpmcdk;jcif;/
- 2. adhinnadana-stealing.

(3) umarokrdpmpm&- olYom;r,m;tm;jypfrSm;jcif;/

- 3. kamesumicchacara- committing adultery with another man's wife. (udk,fESihfqdkifaom um,'kpdkuf 3 yg;? three types of evil committed through deeds)

(4) rkom0g' -vdrfvnfajymqdkjcif;/

TERAVADA PERSPECTIVE
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
- 4. musavada-telling lies.

15

(5) ydokP0gpm- ukef;wdkufjcif;/

- 5. pisunavaca-formenting truble between people. .

(6) zko0gpm-qJa&;wdkif;xGmjcif;/

- 6. pharusavaca-using abusive language. 7. samphappalapa-engaging in idle talk. (EIwfESihfqdkifaom 0pD'kpdkuf 4 yg;/ four types of evil committed through speech)

(7) oryvmy-tusKd;r&Sdaom pum;udkajymjcif;/

1. Kayaducarita= immoral act; physically committed offense; There are three kinds of immoral atc:- - (a) panatipata- killing. - (b) adinnadana- taking what has not been given. -mesumicchacara- sexual misconduct. - (c) ka

(*) umarokrdpmpm&- olYr,m;jypfrSm;jcif;&,fvdkY- 3 rsdK;&Sdyg w,f/

(8) tbdZm-olwpfyg;ypnf;udk rw&m;&vdk a&S;IBuHjcif;/

8. abhijja- covetousness.

(9) Asmyg'-olwpfyg;ysufpD;atmifBuHjcif;/ (10) rdpm'd|d-t,lrSm;jcif;/

- 9. byapada-thinking of bringing about someone's downfall. 10. micchaditthi-entertaining wrong views. .. (pdwfESihfqkdifaom raem'kpdkuf 3 yg;/ three types of evil intent)

k k dS (2) 0pD'p&dw= EIwjf zihajymqdonhf raumif;rI/ 0pD'pdu?f tjypf&whJ k f k 0pDurqwmawGuH I kd (u) rkom0g'- vdrfvnfajymqdkjcif;/ (c) ydokP0gpm- ukef;wdkufjcif;/ (*) zko0gpm- Murf;wrf;pGmajymqdkjcif;/ (C) oryvmy- odrfzsif;aompum;ajymqdkjcif;&,fvdkY 4 rsdK; &Sdygw,f/
2. Vaciducarita= evil committed through speech; There are four kinds of evils speech- (a) musavada- telling untruth. (b) pisunavaca - telling tales to foment trouble between . - people. - (c) pharusavaca -using alousive tanguage. (d) samphapalapa- engaging in idle talk.

'DtvkyfawG[m wu,fawmh raumif;wJh tukokdvf tvkyf awGyJjzpfygw,f/ tukokdvftvkyfqdkwmu tukovurqdkwJh raumif;rI? tukodkvf? tukokdvfpdwf? Akusala Kamma = Action which is unbenefical; demeritorious act; immoral acction jzpfygw,f/ tJ ' D t uk o vpd w f u d k tbd " r m tvk d t & zG i h f a omf ? xdktukokdvfpdwfonf avmbrlpdwf(8)yg;/ a'gorlpdwf(2)yg;? arm[ rlpdwf(2)yg;tm;jzihf aygif;pdwf(12)yg;&Sdygonf/
That Akusala means immoral act; unwholesome deed {8. kinds of immoral consciousness rooted in lobha (greed), 2. rooted in dosa (anger, ill-will, hatred) and 2. rooted in moha (delusion, ignorance), altogether 12 kinds of immoral consciousness are enumerated.}

(3) raem'k p &d w = pd w f j zih f B uH p D o nh f r aumif ; rI / raem'k p d k u f tjypf&SdwJh raemuHrIqdkwmawGu (u) tbdZm- olYpnf;pdrfudk &vdkorIa&S;IBuHpnfjcif;/ (c) Asmyg'- olwpfyg;udk ysufpD;apjcif;/ (*) rdpm'd|d- t,lrSm;jcif;&,fvdkY 3-rsdK;&Sdygw,f/
3. Manoducarita= wrongful intent, evil intent; There are three kinds of evil intent(a) abhijjha - covetuousness. - pa da- bearing ill-will toward another; (b) bya malevolence. - .. (c) micchaditt hi- entertaining wrong views.

'DtukodkvftvkyfrsKd;awGudk jyKvkyfajymqdk BuHpnfMuwJh olawG[m tyg,blrdqdkwJh tbd"rma'oemawmf tvdkt& raumif; rIuHtusKd;ay;&mjzpfwJh i&J? wd&pmef? Nydwm? tol&um,fvkdYa[mawmf rlwJh csrf;omjcif;r&Sd? qif;&J'kutwdomjzpfwJh tyg,fav;bHkwnf; [laom? Apayabhumi;- Woeful states; abodes devoid of happiness; miserable states; apaya planes of miserable existences. There are four states, namely, purgatory, the realms of animals, the hungry miserable departed beings called peta, and the abject loathsome beings called asura, destined for the evil. wdkYrSm

usa&mufMuNyD; BuD;pGmaomqif;&J'kuawGudk cHpm;Mu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ 'ghaMumih?f tJ'tukovtvkyq;kd awG[m qif;&JBu;D pGmcHpm;& D kd f f wJhtusdK;udkom ay;wJhoabm&Sdw,f&,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfwdkifu tJ'Dtjypf&SdwJh um,uHrI? tjypf&SdwJh 0pDuHrI? tjypf&Sd wJh raemuHrIawGeJY jynhfpHkwJhol[m? tJ'Dtyg,fi&JbHkrSm usa&mufcHpm; &ygr,fvdkY a[mawmfrlygw,f/ tJ'tjypf&whJ um,uHrqwhJ um,'kpdu?f tjypf&whJ 0pDuH D dS I kd k dS rIqdkwJh 0pD'kpdkuf? tjypf&SdwJh raemuHrIqdkwJh raem'kpdk ufawGeJY ywfoufvdkYvJyJ? tckvdkzGihfqdka[mMum;awmfrlygw,f/ (1) um,'kp&dw= udk,fjzihfjyKaom raumif;rI/ um, 'kpdkuf? tjypf&SdwJh um,uHrIqdkwmawGu(u) ygPmwdygw- olYtoufowfjcif;/ (c) t'dEm'ge- olYOpmcdk;jcif;/

tjypf r &S d w J h te0Z u r t vk y f r sm; te0Zokc0dyguvuPmukovm vdkYqdkwJh tjypfr&SdwJh tvkyawGqwmuawmh 'ge? "rp&d,pwmawGu <uif;wJ?h Oykoowif; f kd f D apmifhxdef;jcif;/ bk&m;? ykxdk;? apwD? ausmif;uefawGeJY oHCmawmfrsm;&JU a0,sm0pawGudk jyKvkyfay;jcif;/ trsm;toHk;jyKEkdifwJh O,smOf AdrmefjyK vkyfjcif;/ t&dyf&opfyifrsm; pdkufysdK;jcif;/ wHwm;aqmuf/ vrf;azmuf? vrf;jyif/ a&wGif;a&uefwl;azmfjcif;/ pufa&wGif;rsm;wl; ay;vSLjcif; tp&SdwJh trsm;tusdK;jyKwJhtvkyfawGudk vkyfaqmifMujcif;jzpfygw,f/ trsm;tusd K ;jyKwJ h v k y f i ef ; awG u d k azmf a qmif w J h t vk y f r sm; 'Daumif;rIuovtvkyawGukd vkyaqmifMuolawGudk vltrsm; k kd f f f u cspfcifMuygw,f/ jrwfEdk;Muygw,f/ dkaoav;pm;Muygw,f/ csD;rGrf; ajymqdkMuygw,f/ 'ghaMumihf 'DtvkyfawG[m vltrsm;&JU dkaojrwfEdk; p&m? tav;tjrwfjyKp&m? csD;rGrf;p&mawGomjzpfMuwJhtwGuf? te0Z ur tjypfr&SdwJhtvkyfawGjzpfw,fvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m; rdefYawmfrlygw,f/ 'DvdktvkyfawGudk jyKvkyfMuwJholawG[m? vlYbHkewf&yfawGrSm BuD;us,fjrihfjrwfwJh pnf;pdrfcsrf;omawGudk cHpm;pHpm;Mu&ygw,f/ 'ghaMumihf tJ'DtvkyfrsdK;awG[m? te0Zokc0dyguvuPm ukovmvdkY qdkwJh? tjypfr&Sdcsrf;omaomtusdK;ay;jcif; oabmvuPm&Sdw,fvdkY vJ rdefYqdkawmfrlygw,f/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

16
rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ olwpfyg;\toufukd wkd atmifvkyfvQif rdrd\touf onfvnf; wkdatmifvkyfjcif; cH&rnfjzpf\/ xkdtcg raojcif;]trw} [lonf teuf t"dym,f&Sdawmhrnfr[kwf/ jrifhjrwfjcif;"rudk tm;rudk; vQif jrifjh rwfjcif;"ruvnf; rdrujkd yef tumtuG,ay; rnfr[kw/ xdtcg d f f k udk;uG,f jcif; ]o&P}[lonfteuf t"dym,f&Sdawmhrnfr[kwf/ rl&if;&nf&,csuuwpfrsK;d ? vufawGUjzpfvmonfu wpfrsK;d jzpfvm\/ G f f trSef tm;jzifh "r[lonf olYoabm udkolaqmifonfom jzpf\/ twtaejzifh rdrdaqmifap csifovdk aqmifcdkif;r&/ ,aeY urmudkMunfhvQifvnf; rdrdwdkYtaejzihf vGwfvyfrI vQif ]armu } ud k v k d tPk j rLvuf e uf r sm;ud k xk w f y g\/ od k Y & mwG i f rLvuf mygovm;/ xdktPkjrLvufeufaMumifh vGwfvyfvmygovm;/ rvGwfvyfonfh tjyif yk d yif c sKyf c s,f j cif ; ud k cH & \/ xd k t Pk j rLvuf e uf a Mumih f raobJ y d k touf &S n f v mygovm;/ raobJ touf & S n f rvmonfhtjyif ydkyiftoufwkdvm&\/ tPkjrLvufeufonf rd r d w d k Y \ tm;ud k ; tm;xm;jyK&m jzpf v mygovm;/ tm;ud k ; tm; xm;jyK&m rjzpf o nf h t jyif yd k yif a Mumuf p &mjzpf v myg \/ okjYd zpfvQif tPkjrL vufeufonf vdtyfaom &nfre;f csuukd k S f r&apEkiaom aMumifh vlom;rsKd;EG,fpkrsm; tm;vH;k tygt0if avmuBu;D d f oHk;yg;vHk;twGuf wm0ef&SdvmEkdifonfudk xdkxdkynm&Sif wdkYrodEkdif ygavoavm/ xk d Y a Mumih f "r [ l o nf ol Y o abmuk d ol Y [ mol aqmif o nf o m jzpf\/ twtaejzihf rd r d u aqmif a pcsif o vd k aqmifcdkif; &rnfr[kwf/ukovf "ronf aumif;aomoabmudk om dk aqmifrnfjzpf\/ twtaejzifh ukodkvf"rtm; raumif;aom oabmud k aqmif c d k i f ; r&/ xk d e nf ; twly if tuk o k d v f " r o nf raumif;aomoabmudk aqmifrnfjzpf\/ twtaejzifh tukokdvf "rtm; aumif;aomoabmudk aqmifckdif;r&/ onf r S m "r w m jzpf \ / ed , mrjzpf \ / "r w m? ed,mrudk ausmfvGef tukokdvfu ukokdvfoabmudk aqmif vmatmif? ukokdvfuvnf; tukokdvfoabmudk aqmifvmatmif twtiftm;jzifh tu,fvkyfaqmifygu xdkodkYvkyfaqmifolonf wpfckaomaeYwGif BuD;pGm aomaemifwudk rvGJraoG &rnfjzpf\/ ured,mrESifh ywfouf jrwfpGmbk&m;u okdYa[mMum;awmfrl xm;\/ ]ur 0 d y gaum emr r,m0g auepd 0 g y#dAm[dwkH eoum} uH\tusKd;udk ig bk&m;ujzpfap? tjcm;ol wpfOD;OD;u jzpf a p wm;jrpf j cif ; iS m rwwf a umif ; / vlwonf vGwvyfrI ]armu}udk &vdonfre\/ raorI ]trw} Ykd f k S f udk &vdkonfrSef\/ tm;ukd;rI ]o&P}udk &vdkonfrSef\/ okdY&mwGif xdk vG w f v yf r I ? raorI ? tm;ud k ; rI w d k Y o nf rS e f u ef a omtusif h ormy#dy'gjzifom &Ekiaom w&m;rsm;jzpf\/ rSm;,Gif; aomtusihfh d f rdpmy#dy'gjzifh &Ediaomw&m;rsm; r[kw/ a&S;k;d olawmfaumif;vrf;jzifh k f f om &EkdifaomtusKd;jzpf\/ jzwfvrf;jzifh &Ekdifaom tusKd;r[kwf? rSefuefaom tusifh? ormy#dy'g[lonf r*if&Spfyg;yifjzpf\/ ,if;;udk rZdry#dy'g[lvnf; qdk\/ rSeuefaomtusihf rZdry#dy'gonf udk,fusifh odumjzLpifrI f oDv0dok'djzihf p 'kpdkufjzihf rdpmtmZD0rS wpfNydKifeufwpfaygif;wnf; a&SmifMuOfEirI 0d&wDoabm t& oDvr*io;kH yg;taejzifh avmukw&m kd f f tqH;k owf\/ xdkYaMumifh udk,fusifhodumjzL pifrIonf oDvjzihfp oDvjzifhyif tqHk;owf&\/ paom 0dok'dum; avmuDjzpf\/ qHk;

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/ aomoDv0do'um; avmukw&mjzpf\/ ESprsK;d vH;k 0d&wDapwoducsn;f k d f f omwnf;/ tu,f uk d , f u sif h od u m jzLpif r I u d k oD v jzif h p NyD ; oD v jzif h t qH k ; rowf E k d i f a o;vQif xd k u k d , f u sif h o d u m jzLpif r I o nf wu,fwrf;cdirmaom uk,usioumjzLpif rIr[kwao;/ trSetm;jzifh k f d f hf d f f t&[wr*fonf r*if&Spfyg;wGif oDvr*ifoHk;yg;wdkYu wpfNyKd iwnf; f wpfaygif;wnf; ,SOfygrS t&[wr*ftjzpfodkYa&muf\/ oDvr*ifoHk;yg; [lonfrm uk,usioumjzLpifrEiywfoufaom rSeuefaomum,uHrI S d f hf d I S hf f ]orm urE} ? rSeuefaom 0pDurI ]orm0gpm}? rSeuefaom toufarG;rI f H f ]or m tmZD 0 }wk d Y y if j zpf M u\/ xd k Y a Mumif h uk d , f u sif h o d u m jzLpif r I onfomvQif vlwdkYtaejzifh wu,fwrf;awmihfw tyfaomvGwfvyfrI ]armu} ? raorI ]trw}? tm;udk;&m jzpfrI ]o&P} wdkYudk ay;pGrf; Ekdifyg\/ okdYjzpf udk,fusifh odumjzLpifrIonf rsm;pGm tav;xm; tyfaom? rsm;pGm vdkufemusifhoHk;tyfaom? avmu 'kpdkufESifhrdpm tmZD0udk y,fowfEiojzihf ppfreaomNir;f csr;f rIukd aqmif MuOf;Ekiaom dk f S f d d f tusifh jrwfjzpfyg\/ avmu ppfrSefaom Nidrf;csrf;rI[lonfrSm 'kpdkufESifh rdpm tmZD0uif;NyD; okpdkufESifh ormtmZD0wdkY jzpfxGef;ae jcif;yifjzpf\/ okdYjzpfxGef;aejcif;onfyif armu? trw? o&Pukd &apjcif; jzpf\/ okdYjzpfav&m ukd,fusifhodum txGwfa&mufatmif jzLpif Ekia&;twGuf yHy;kd rIrsm;udvnf; vdtyfyg\/ ,if;yHy;kd rIrsm;um; ynmr*if d f h k k h ESpfyg;ESifh orm"dr*ifoHk;yg; wdkYudk yGm;rsm;jcif;? Budrfzef rsm;pGm jyKjcif;wdkY jzpfMu\/ ,if;r*ifig;yg;udk avmuDr*ifig;yg;[l qkd&\/ 0dyem vkyfief;wGif r*if ig;yg;jzifhompvkyf&\/ r*if&Spfyg;pvHk;jzifh pr& aumif ; / trS e f t m;jzif h 0d & wD r nf a om oD v r* i f o H k ; yg; onf 0dyem yg0ifEkdifjcif;r&Sd/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf 0d&wD onf IyGm;p&m kyfemrfcEmtmHkudk tmH krjyKbJ a&SmifMuOfp&m 'kpdkuf rsm;ESifh raumif;aom toufarG;jrLrIudkom tmHkjyKaom arG aMumifhjzpf\/ xkdYaMumifh a&SmifMuOfrIoabm ryg0ifaom bk&m;zl;jcif;? w&m;em jcif;paom aumif;rIukokdvf vkyief;rsm;vnf; a&SmifMuOfrI f 0d&wDapwodufrsm;onf yg0if,SOfEkdifjcif;r&Sdyg/ okdY&mwGif 0dyem udk yGm;yGm;? rnfonfhukokdvf aumif;rIudk vkyfvkyf a&SmifMuOfp&m 'kpdkufrsm;ESifh raumif;aom toufarG;rI ryg0ifao;apumrl xdk'kpdkuf rsm;ESifh rdpmtmZD0rS a&SmifMuOf&ef t"d|mefjyKaomtm;jzifh vkyfief;ukdrprD oDvudk cH,laqmufwnfMu\/ oD v uk d cH , l a qmuf w nf y grS v nf ; avmuD r * i f i g;yg;u rjzpf ay:Edkifao;aom oDvr*ifoHk;yg;ukd wpfNydKifeuf wpfaygif;wnf; ,SOwjJG zpfay:vmatmif yHhydk;Ekdifrnf jzpf\/ okdY oDvudk cH,laqmuf f wnfjcif;rSmvnf; ukd,fusihfodumjzLpifrItwGuf jzpf\/ okdY&mwGif oDvaqmufwnfrukd orm'ge0d&wD [lqd\/ orm'ge0d&wD um; I k wu,fwrf; cdirmaom 'kpduEihf rdpmtmZD0rS a&SmifMuOfrI r[kwao;/ k f k f S f xkdYaMumifh orm urE? orm0gpm? ormtm ZD0[laom 0d&wDapwoduf oHk;vHk;wdkYonf oDvodumyk'fudk aqmufwnf&mjzpf aom ukokdvfpdwf twlwuG wpfaygif;wnf; wpf NydKifeuf r,SOfEkdif jcif;jzpf\/ trSeftm;jzifh r*fpdwfESifh zdkvf pdwftcdkufom xdk0d&wD apwodufoHk;vHk;wdkYonf twlwuG wpfaygif;wnf; wpfNydKifeuf ,SOfEdkifMu\/ okYd jzpfom ykxZOfrsm;taejzifh 'kpdkufESifh rdpmtmZD0rS k cdkif rmpGm ra&SmifMuOfEkdifMubJ t&d,mrsm;om 'kpdkufESifh rdpmtmZD0rS cdkifrmpGm a&SmifMuOfEkdifMujcif;jzpfyg\/

17

trSeftm;jzifh vlwdkY onf rdrdwdkY\ ywf0ef;usif tjcm;aom vlrsm;ESifh ouf&Sd ow0grsm;vnf; &SdMuao;&m ,if;wdkYESifh rvGJra&Smif om qufqMH u&\/ xduoYdk qufqMH u&m Nir;f csr;f pGm qufqzvyg\/ k hJ d H Ydk kd Nidrf;csrf;pGm rqufqHEkdifvQif tNrJwrf; ylyefjcif;? aMumuf&GHUjcif;? pkd; &drjf cif;? xdwvefjY cif;wdukd cHpm;ae&rnf jzpf\/ Nir;f csr;f pGm qufqEizYkd f Yk d H dk f qd k o nf u vnf ; rd r d w d k Y t aejzif h rd r d w d k Y b uf r S ud k , f u sif h o d u m jzLpif r S j zpf \ / rd r d w d k Y b uf r S ukd,fusifhodumjzLpifrSvnf; tjcm; olwdkYbufu udk,fusifhodum jzLpifvmrnfjzpf\/ xdktcg avmu 'kpdursm; uif;a0;vmrnf jzpf\/ 'kpdursm;uif; a0;vmonf ESitrQ k f k f hf okpdkufrsm; xGef; um;vmrnfjzpf\/ okpdkuf rsm;xGef;um;vmvQif vlwdkY awmihfwMuaom vGwfvyfrI? raorI? tm;udk;EkdifrIwdkYudk wjznf;jznf;csif;&vmrnf jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh jrefrmEkdifiHom;rsm; taejzifh ppfrSefaom vGwfvyfrI armu? ppfrSefaom raorI trw? ppfrSefaomtm;udk;&m o&PwkdYudk &vdkMuygvQif rcdkifrmao;aom udk,fusifhodum wnfaqmufrI orm'ge0d&wDrS cdkifrmaom udk,fusifh od u m wnf a qmuf r I or w 0 d & wD o k d Y a &muf a tmif cd k i f r maom t"d|mefjzifh rjzpfraeBudK; yrf;tyfygonf/ ae&m orw 0d&wD[lonfrSm rnfonhf 'kpdu?f rnfonfh k rdpmtmZD0 ESifh awGUawGU rusL;vGefawmhaom a&SmifMuOfrIjzpfyg\/ okdY&mwGif ukd,fusifhodumjzLpif a tmif tm;xk w f & m ta&;BuD ; aom tcuf t cJ w pf c k & S d \ / ,if ; tcuf t cJ u m; tepf e mcH a wmh rdrdu? tusKd;cHpm;awmh olrsm;u jzpfonfudk rausEkdifrcsrf;Edkif jzpf r I y if j zpf \ ? ,if ; cH , l r I o nf ]ou m &}ES i f h ywf o uf \/ oum& rdrdtepfemcHxm;vQif xdktusKd;udk rdrdom&NyD; tjcm; olrsm; r&apvdk aomoabmyg0if\/ xkd oabmum; 'd|dESifh,SOf aom avmbyif w nf ; / xd k Y a Mumif h uk d , f u sif h o d u m ud k jzLpif atmif w nf a qmuf & m xd k t cuf t cJ u d k jzLpif a tmif wnf a qmuf & m xd k t cuf t cJ u d k owd o r Z Of j zif h ausmf v G e f tyf y g\/ OD ; a&T a tmif

"r0&onf Ak'\ ax&0g'"rw&m;ppf w&m;rSef D xGef;um;&efjzpfonfqkdonfh cH,lcsufESifhtnD vdIifMunfjzL"r0D&pmaywkdufESifh 'D*spfw,fpmMunfhwkdufrS 2009 ckESpftwGif; jzefYcsdxkwfa0vkdufNyD
1/ "r0D&\ "roHpOfrsm; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuodkvfoQifoD&d) 2/ jzwfoef;csdefed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;) ('kwd,tBudrf) 3/ urmhvlom;rsm;ukd;uG,f&m bmomBuD;rsm;ESifh 0g't,ltqrsm; (wuodkvfoQifoD&d) 4/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpk ("ry') (Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESifh pkd;jrifhvwf) 5/ Ak',Ofaus;rI&wem t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY) 6/ olawmfaumif;wkdYtvSLay;enf; t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY)

qufvufxGufrnfhpmtkyf
a*gyuESifh Ak'b@mawmf (wuodkvfoQifoD&d)

DHAMMA VISION

18

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oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm)

vdkvm;cJcufqkig;csuf w&m;awmfum; t*FkwdK&fygVdawmf yuedygwf |okwvm&Sonf/ jrwfpmbk&m;onf xdowukd aZw0ef f d G k k f *Euk#Dausmif;awmftwGif; temxydPfolaX;tm; a[mMum;awmfrl avonf/ &cJ v S p G m aom qk i g;csuf y d a r *[ywd " r m ? |m uE m remyg? 'kvbm avmuod H/ avmu vdvm;? ESpouf? jrwfE;kd tyfueaom &cJvpmaom k f k f S G qkig;csufwdkYonf&SdMuukef\/ uwary - tb,f i g;yg;wd k Y y genf ; (1) tm,k a|m? uaEm remayg? 'kvabm avmuod H/ (2) 0aPma|m/ (3) okcH |H/ (4) ,aom a|m/ (5) o*g|m? uEmremyg? 'kvbmavmuod H/ ouf&Snf? qif;vS? csrf;om&? NcH&HausmfMum;/ ewfjynfum;? ig;yg;wdkYygaywnf;/ EI w f w zG z G pd w f w <u<uawmif ; jcif ; aMumif h r &Ek d i f aroHacg *[ywd? yEH? "rmeH |meH? uEmeH? remygeH? 'kvbmeH? avmuod H/ etm,mp ea[wk0g? eywem a[wk0g/ y#dvmbH 0'grd/ qkig;yg;wdkYudk EIwfu wzGzGawmif;jcif;aMumihf pdwfu w<u<uawmifhwaejcif;aMumihf r&Ekdif/ &Ekdifonf[k igbk&m;ra[m/ aroHacg *[ywd? yeH? "rmeH? |meH? uEmeH? remygeH? 'kvbmeH avmuod H/ tm,mpe a[wk0g? ywem a[wk0g? y#dvmabm tb0daum? "aue [ma,x/ qkig;yg;wdkYudk EIwfuawmif;jcif;? pdwfuawmif;jcif;aMumihf &aumif;rnfqdkygu avmu rnfolrS rjynhfpHkaomol[l r&SdEkdif acs/ touf&Snfolcsnf;? tqif;vSolcsnf;? csrfomolcsnf; jzpfMurnf omjzpfonf/ qk a wmif ; aeH k j zih f ? awmif ; waeH k j zih f r&Ek d i f eacg *[ywd t&[wd? t&d, om0aum? tm,kumarm? tm,Hktm,mpdwHk0g/ tbdeEw0g/ d kH touf&nvaom jrwfpmbk&m;\ wynh(Ak'bmomwynh) S f kd G f f onf touf&Snfjcif;qkudkEIwfu wzGzG awmif;jcif;? pdwfu vdkvm;

awmif;wjcif;iSm? rxdkufroihfacs/ (qkawmif;aeHk? awmif;waeHkjzihf r&Ekdifay) touf & S n f j cif ; uk o d k v f u d k usih f o H k ; xd k u f \ tm,k 0gyda[wk? tm,kumare *[ywd? t&d,om0aue? tm,koH 0wedumy#dy'g? y#dyZwAm/ d touf&Snfjcif;wnf;[laom qkvmbfudk taMumif;jyK touf&Snfvdkaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynhfonf (Ak'bmom0if wynhf aumif;onf) touf&Snfjcif;udk jzpfapwwfaom ukokdvf(tusihf)udk jyKvkyfusihfoHk;xdkufvSay\/ tm,koH0wed? um[d y#dy'g? y#dyEm tm,k? vmbm, oH0wwd/ xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynhf(Ak'bmom0ifwynhfaumif;) onf usihfoHktyfaom? touf&Snfjcif;udk jzpfapwwfaom ukodkvf(tusihf) onf? touf&Snfjcif;qkvmbfudk {uef&jcif;iSmjzpfygay\/ qif ; vS c srf ; om NcH & H u m ewf & G m a&muf j im; qk v mbf r sm; aom vmbDa[mwd? tm,k 'dA0g? rEko0g? xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;\ wynhfukokdvf&Sif (Ak'bmom0if wynhf) onf ewfjynfjzpfaomtcg ewfouf&njf cif;qkvmbfuvnf;aumif;? S kd vlYjynfjzpfaomtcg vlYtouf&Snfjcif;qkvmbfudkvnf;aumif; &&Sd av\/ xd k Y t wl tqif ; vS v d k o l ? csrf ; omvd k o l ? tNcH t &H r sm; ausmMf um;vko?l ewfjynfa&mufvo?l Ak'bmom0if wynhjf zpforeygu d kd l S f qkawmif;Hk awmif;wHkrQjzihf raeoihfyg/ xdkqkvmbfudk jzpfap&apEkdif aom ukokdvf(tusihf)udk jyKvkyfusihfoHk;&m\/ ,if;odYk jyKvyusio;kH ygu qif;vScsr;f om? Nc&umESifh ewf&m k f fh H H G a&mufjim;? qkvmbfrsm;udk rrSm;{uef? &rnftrSefjzpfonf/ xdkolonf ewfjynf jzpfygu ewftvS? ewfcsr;f om? ewftausmtarmfjzpfav&m f \/ um;vkvm;cJcuf qkig;csuuazmfjy&m |okwetusO;f csKyjf zpf d f kd f \/ touf & S n f v d k a omf (1) qG r f ; ? tm[m&pm;zG , f r sKd ; pH k ? (2) tazsmf , rum aomufa&? (3) a&ppfwdkYvSLjcif;? (4) wHwm;aqmufjcif;? (5) vrf;c&D; Z&yfwefaqmif;? ausmif;? apwD? taqmuftODwdkYudk wnfaqmufjyKjyif jcif;? (6) anmifa&oGe;f jcif;? (7) aq;0g;"mwfpmvSLjcif;ponfh aumif;rI ukokdvfwdkYudk jyK&m\/ tqif ; vS v d k a omf (1) t0wftxnf? ouFef;? (2) yef;? (3) eHYom? eHYomaysmif; vSLjcif;? (4) wHjrufvSnf;jcif;? (5) csKd;a&? ajcaq;a&? rsufESmopfa&

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

19

&[ef;wdkYzef&nfqdk;0wf&jcif;ESifh OD;jynf;acgif;wHk;&jcif;taMumif;
cif a rmif r d k ; (awmif B uD ; ) &[ef;wd toGiEpyg;onf tjcm;wpfyg;aom yk*Kd vwEihf Yk f S f f Ykd S rwl wrlx;l jcm;\/ xd&[ef;wd\ toGiEpyg;rSm (1) umom0"m&PH k Yk f S f ac: zef & nf q d k ; aomouF e f ; ud k 0wf H k j cif ; ? (2) b@Kbma0g OD;acgif;jynf; onfjzpfjcif;/ (OD;jynf;acgif;wHk;tjzpf) ESpfyg;wnf;[k ygVdyd#uwf rdvdEyOmygVdawmfESifh ed,wdkY azmfjyygonf/ &[ef ; wd k Y z ef & nf q d k ; aomt0wf u d k 0wf & jcif ; taMumif ; t0wftxnf[lonf umrwPSmjzpfyGm;&m 0wKwdkYjzpf onf/ vlw\toGif vlw\t0wfwefqm[lorQwum;? umrwPSm Ykd Ykd Ykd trsm;qHk; jzpfyGm;&m 0wKwdkYaywnf;/ xdkYaMumihf &[ef;wdkYonf? xdkumrwPSmtxl;xl;tjym;jym; rjzpfyGm;ap&ef zef&nfqd;kaomt0wfouFef;udk 0wfHk&onf/ wu,f awmh? ab;&efwdkYonf xdkvlwdkY\ vdkcsifwyfrufp&mt0wfwdkYaMumifh jzpfukef\/ xdkab;&efwdkYonf zef&nfqdk;aom t0wfudk0wfqifxm;ol tm; rjzpfEif ruyfa&mufEiay/ olc;kd "m;jy[lu vlwut0wfuom kd kd f Ykd kd vdkvm;\/ vlwdkYr0wfaom &[ef;wdkYom0wfaom t0wftxnfudk rvdk vm;acs/ xdaMumihf zef&nfq;kd aomt0wftxnftwGu?f cd;k ,lv,uf Yk k ESypufowfjzwfrI ab;&efruif;&onf/ taMumif;aMumihf &[ef;wdYk d f S onf zef&nfqdk;aomt0wfouFef;udk 0wfHkMu&jcif;jzpfonf/ vSLjcif;? (6)trsm;oGm;vm&mvrf;? bk&m;? wefaqmif;? ausmif;? Z&yf? opfyif&dyfponfwdkY jruf? trdIuf okwfoifjcif;? a'gocsKyfwnf;jcif; ponfwdkYudkjyK&m\/ csrf ; omvd k a omf (1) ,OfydkYvSLjcif;? xD;? zdeyf? awmifa0S;ponfwdkYudk vSLjcif;? (2) touf*kPfBuD;aomol? rusef;rmol? bk&m;? oHCm? w&m;usihfol? w&m;a[mol? w&m;pmayydkYcsa&;om;olwdkY\ a0,sm0pudk aqmif&Guf ay;jci;fponfudkjyK&m\/ tNcH t &H r sm;NyD ; ausmf M um;vd k a omf (1) bk&m;xD;? wHce?f ukum;? rkav;yGm;? MuufvQmrsm; vSLjcif;? G (2) edAmefaqmfjyKjcif;? (3) &wemoHk;yg; *kPfawmfbGJUrsm; &GwfzwfylaZmf jcif;? (4) w&m;pmrsm; &Gwfzwfjcif;? (5) w&m;"ra[mMum;ydkYcsjcif;? (6) csD;rGrf;pum;ajymMum;jcif;? (7) tuJh&JUpum;a&Smifjcif;? (8) m w&m;rjzpf&atmif csKyfwnf;jcif;? (9) rk'dwmw&m; yGm;rsm;jcif;ponf wdkYudk jyK&m\/ ewf j ynf a &muf v k d a omf (1) ig;yg;oDv? tmZD0XruoDvNrJjcif;? (2) wwfEkdiforQ vSL'gef;jcif;? trsufa'goa&Smifjcif;? trSefpum;? cspfzG,fpum;udk ajymMum;jcif;? a,mur? vifom;wdkYtm; dkaopGm vkyfauR;jcif;? *g&0 w&m;aqmufwnfusihfoHk;jcif;ponfwdkYudk jyK&monf/ oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm) ouF e f ; [l o nf r S m &[ef;wdkY0wfHkaomouFef;[lonf? wefzdk;ysuf? tawGUtxd El;nHrysu?f tqif;ysuwnf;[laom oH;k rsKd ;ysut0wftxnfjzpfonf/ h I f f (u) ouF e f ; prsm; qk w f j zwf v d k u f & aomaMumih f wefzdk;ysufoGm;onf/ (c) pyfcsKyf? csKyfdk;trsm;tjym;jzihf xd&SaomaMumifh tawGU txdMurf;wrf;NyD;? El;nHhaomtawGUtxdysufoGm;onf/ (*) ouFef;a&mifzef&nfqdk;vdkufaomaMumihf? vSyaom ta&miftqif;wdkYysufoGm;onf/ uJhodkY oHk;rsdK;oHk;pm;ysuf t0wft xnf (bdEy#) tjzpfodkYa&muf&SdoGm;onf/ xdkYaMumihf if;ouFef;udk 0wfHk&olonf om,mrIenf;yg;\/ olcdk;"m;jywdkYuvnf; zef&nfqdk;t0wfudk vdkvm;rIr&Sdojzihf? if;wdkY\ ab;&efrSvnf; at;Nidrf;\/ xdkodkYaomtaMumif;rsm;aMumihf? &[ef;onf zef&nfqdk;aom tpkwfpkwftjywfjywfcsKyfpyfxm;aomouFef;udkom 0wfHkMu&jcif; jzpfonf/ &[ef ; wd k Y O D ; jynf ; acgif ; wH k ; &jcif ; taMumif ; qHyifaMumihfMuzG,fwpfq,hfajcmufyg;&Sdonf/ xdkYaMumifhMu zG,f taESmifht,SufrSuif;ap&ef qHyifudk&dwfjzwfy,fvSD;? OD;jynf; acgif;wHk;&avonf/ qHyif aMumifhMuzG,f (16) yg;wdkYrSm(1) qHxHk;? qHnyf? a&TbD;tp&Sdaom wefqmqif,if&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (2) tajytjypfjyK&jcif;tp&Sdaom taESmifht,Suf/ (3) qDvdrf;&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (4) acgif;avQmf&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (5) yef;yef&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (6) tarT;tBudKifvdrf;&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (7) acgif;avQmfa& xHk&ESyf&aomtaESmifht,Suf/ (8) zefcg;oD;&Sm&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (9) oQpfoQm;oD;&Sm&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (10) qHyifeufaq;qdk;&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (11) aoQmifxHk;&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (12) bD;jzihfNzD;&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (13) qHyiftvSjyKjyif&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (14) xHk;NyD;aoQmifudkjyefajz&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (15) oef;&Sm&aom taESmifht,Suf/ (16) qHyifuRwfaomf? jywfaomf? pdk;&drfylaqG;idka<u; Mu& ukef\/ &ifywfpnfwD;NiD;wGm;&ukef\/ awGa0jcif;odkY a&mufMu &uke\/ onfum; qHyifac:& aum|mo\ aMumifMh utNy;D 'kuB u;D f wpfq,hfajcmuf qHyiftjypfwnf;/ cif a rmif r d k ; (awmif B uD ; )

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

v,fwDq&ma

The Ledi Dham

D d v,fweAmefw

a&;om;jyKp

MAHA THERA L
(edAme'DyeD)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) xd k Y a Mumih f &[E m wd k Y \ pk w d c E m csKyf N id r f ; rI r S m om y&rw t ocF w ed a &m"op m r[med A m ef B uD ; ud k {uef p if p pf &xdkufonfomvQifwnf;/ 1500- udavomwdkY\ wpfckrusef tukefcsKyfNidrf;rIrSom &xdkufonfr[kwfao;/ aomwmywdr*fudk& oum,'d|dtp&Sdaom tcsdKUaomudavomwdkY\ aemufwpfzefjzpfay:jcif;r&Sd/ t<uif;rJhcsKyf Nir;f rIonfvnf; y&rwtocFweda&m"opm r[medAmefBu;D t0iftyg d yifwnf;/ aomwmyefy*Kd vtm; tyg,fcEmpkEiwuG 7 b0rStxuf k f S hf terw* b 0cE m oH o &m0#f B uD ; \ tNyD ; csKyf N id r f ; rI o nf v nf ; xdkoum, 'd|d tp&Sdaom tcsdKUaomudavomwdkY\ csKyfNidrf;rIwGif wpf c suf w nf ; wpf v H k ; wnf ; ygav\/ xd k t erw* b0cE m oH o &m0#f B uD ; \ tNyD ; csKyf Nid r f ; rI o nf v nf ; y&rw t ocF w eda&m"opm r[medAmefBuD;yifwnf;/ tar;/ / xdkwpfcsufwnf; wpfBudrfwnf; NyD;pD;MuaomcsKyfNidrf;rI (2) yg;onf tb,fyk*dKvfoEmefrSm a&mufavoenf;/ tajz/ / aomwmyefyk*dKvfoEmefrSm a&mufavonf/ tar;/ / xdkcsKyfNidrf;rI (2) yg;udk tb,folonf &avoenf;/ tajz/ / aomwmyefyk*dKvfonf &avonf/ tar;/ / xdkcsKyfNidrf;rI (2) yg;[laom tvGefcufcJeufeJvSpGmaom pcef;odkY tb,folonf qdkufa&mufavoenf;/ tajz/ / aomwmyefyk*dKvfonf qdkufa&mufavonf/ <uif ; usef a om'k u E S i h f csKyf N yD ; 'k u E d I i f ; ,S O f y H k aomwmyef t jzpf o d k Y a &muf a omtcg awG U &ef ? BuH K &ef <uif;useao;aom 0#f'uEifh awGUBuKH z,upr&S/ csKyNf ir;f avNy;D aom f k S G f d d d 0#f'ku\tenf;? trsm; EdIif;,SOfyHkudk odkYjyqdkvwHYaom okwefwdkYudk axmuf odtyf\/ ed'ge0* oH,kwfygVdawmf tbdor,0*f okwf aygif; (10) vm\/ / vmyHkum;jrwf p G m bk & m;onf yxrok w f - tar;/ / wpfckaom vufonf;ay: ajrrIefYudkwifxm;NyD;vQif &[ef;wdkYudk Continue from last week

(Nibbana Di pan

Therefore, paramattha asankhata nirodhasacca mahanibba na should be obtained not only at the cessation appeasement of the cutikhandha constituent groups of existence of the araharts, but also at the cessation-appeasement of defilement. It should be obtained not only at the cessation-appeasement of 1500 defilements without leaving any one; but also at the attainment of sotapattimagga, the complete cessation-appeasement of some defilements, sakkayaditthi, the personality-belief, etc. without appearing anymore is included in the paramattha asankhata nirodhasacca mahanibbana. For the stream-enterer, sotapanna, the cessation-ap-yakhandhas and endless khandhas after peasement of the apa seven births are contained together at the same time in the cessa- tion-appeasement of some defilements sakkayaditthi-personalitybelief, etc. That complete cessation appeasement of the endless . bhavakhandhas, the constituent groups of existence, samaara. round of sufferings, is also paramattha asankhata nirodhasacca mahanibbana. Question: In whom do the two cessation-appeasement reach at the same time? Answer: The two cessation-appeasements reach at the same time in the stream-enterer, sotapanna. Q: Who gets those two cessation-appeasements? A: The stream-enterer, sotapanna gets them. Q: Who has attained to those two cessation-appeasements, the very authentic state. A: The stream-enterer, sotapanna has attained to it. [Here ends how the cessation-appeasements of only defilements is the main thing] Comparing the remaining sufferings with the sufferings that have already ceases.

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

21

awmfbk&m;BuD;

usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

w&m;awmfrsm;

awmf pawmfrlaom

ma on Nibba na
i = The Manual of Nibbana)
odkYrdefYawmfrl\/ cspfom;&[ef;wdkY ig\vufonf;ay:&Sdaom ajrrI e f Y E S i h f r[myx0D ajrBuD ; tm;vH k ; &S d a om ajrrI e f Y w d k Y o nf tb,fuom rsm;Muukefoenf; [k rdefYawmfrl\/ tajz/ / yx0DajrBuD;&Sdaom ajrrIefYwdkYudk EdIif;,SOf onf&Sdaomf vufonf;ay:rSm&Sdaom ajrrIefYpkonf tvGefyifenf;yg;vS \/ EdIif;,SOfjcif;iSm rxdkufwefyg[k avQmufxm;Muav\/ cspfom;&[ef;wdkY- twlyif owuwKy&r aomwmyef yk*Kd vtm; use&ao;aom (7) b0 0#f'uEihf ukeNf ir;f Ny;D aom terw* f f dS k S d tem*wf0#f'kuwdkYudk EdIif;,SOfonf&Sdaom usef&Sdao;aom (7) b0 0#f 'kuonf tvGefenf;yg;\/ EdIif;,SOfjcif;iSmyif rxkdufwefav[l a[m awmfrl\/ {0H r[d'daum acg bdua0 "rmbdora,m {0H r[d'daum "rpuKy#dvmabm/ / (yxrokwf tcsKyfygVdawmf/) bdua0? &[ef;wdkY/ "rmbdora,m? opm (4) yg; xdk;xGif; odjcif;trIonf/ {0Hr[d'aum? odpOfrQavmuf wefc;kd Bu;D vS\/ "rpuK d Yk y#dvmabm? aomwmywdr*fPf[laom "rpuKudk &jcif;trIonf? {0Hr[d'daum? odpOfrQavmuf wefc;kd Bu;D vS\/ (um;teuf/) Yk odvQif aomwmyefjzpfonfEiwpfNyKd ieuf aomwmyefy*Kd vf Yk S fh f k onf &tyfaom a&muftyfaom terw* tem*wf0#f'kuNidrf;jcif; [laomtusdK;udk a[mawmfrl\/ xdkNidrf;jcif;tusdK;onf y&rw tocF weda&m"opm r[medAmefBuD;yifwnf;/ xdkterw* tem*wf0#f'ku Nidrf;jcif;onf xdkyk*dKvfrSm qdkufa&mufvmaom Nidrf;jcif;yifjzpf\/ b0rsm;pGm urmrsm;pGm yg&rDwdkYudkjznfhusihfvmcJhaom ol onf xdktcgrS rdrdpdwfoEmefrS oum,'d|dtp&Sdaom udavomtcsdKU wdkY\ csKyfNidrf;jcif;udk&av\/ a&mufav\/ terw* tem*wf0#f'ku \ csKyfNidrf;jcif;udk &ayNyD? a&mufayNyD/ rQavmufaom 0#f'kuwdkY\ csKyfNidrf;jcif;udk a&mufayNyD[k twkr&SdBuD;jrwfaom yDwdaomreudk jzpfapae&av\/ Oyrm/ / Oyrmum;- tpdk;&u wpfa,mufaomoltm; axmifwpfoufvw&yfr&Sd axmif'Pfay;av\/ (4) &uf? (5) &ufaerd G f aomf ,ckaeYaexGufrS (7) &ufrQom axmifrSmaeap? 7 &ufjynhfvQif vGwfap[laomtrdefYudk &jyef\/ (7) &ufrStxuf toufxufqHk; cH&vwUH aomaxmif'Pfonf xdtrdexwonfEiwpfNyKd ieuf wpfcsuf k Yf k f S hf f wnf; Nidrf;av\/ xdkolonf xdkNidrf;csufudk &av\/ a&mufav\/
The comparison of vattadukkha, round of sufferings with the sufferings that have already ceased The comparison of vat.t.adukkha, round of sufferings remained to encounter, on becoming a stotapanna, with the vattadukkha round of sufferings which have already ceased and no more to encounter should be understood through these suttas which will be shown. There com eleven suttas from abhisamayavagga, nidanavagga samyutta pali. How? First sutta Question: The Buddha, having put some dust on one of His finger nail, said to the bhikkhu; "Bhikkhus, which is much more, the dust on my finger nail or the dust on the whole earth?" Answer? "If the dust on the whole earth were compared the dust on the finger-nail will be too little; it is not fit to be compared", said the bhikkhus. "Bhikkhus, in the same way, if the vat.t addukha suffer. ings in the remaining seven births of the stream-enterer, sattakkhattuparamasotapanna puggala were compared with the vattadukkha sufferings of his future which have already ceased; .. the vattadukkha sufferings in the remaining seven births will be .. too little. They are not fit to be compared." said the Buddha. . evam mahiddhiko kho bhikkhave dhammabhisamayo . evam mahiddhiko dhammacakkhu patilabho. [essential pali of first . sutta] Bhikkhave= bhikkus dhammabhisamayo= the enlightenment of the noble truths . evam mahiddhiko= is of such great power. dhammacakkhu patilabho=the attainment of the . . - evam mahiddhiko sotapatti magga, the eye of wisdom is of such great power. [This is the meaning] Thus, the consequence obtained by the stream enterer as soon as he becomes a stream-enterer, namely the appeasement of endless future vat.t.adukkha sufferings has already been expounded by the Buddha. That consequence, the appeasement is the paramattha asankhata nirodhasacca mahanibbana. That ap-

by

LEDI SAYADAW

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22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ijy|mef;onf/

peasement of the endless future vattadukkha sufferings is the .. very appeasement which reaches that person. One who has already practised paramit-perfections for many births, for many world cycles, then only attains, attains to the cessation-appeasement of some defilements such as personality-belief, etc., he attains, attains to the cessation-appeasement of the endless future vattadukkha-sufferings. He dwells in the .. incomparable great interestpleasure, pitisomanassa, with the thought: "I have already attained, attained to the appeasement of such and such defilements. I have already attained to the cessation appeasement of such and such vat t.adukkha suffer. ings." Example: The judge of a law court sentenced a criminal to imprisonment for life. After four or five days, he got the amnestly order and he would be released only after seven days imprisonment with effect from sunrise of that day. The imprisonment for life which he would have to suffer appeased at the same time with amnesty order. He obatined that appeasement. He attained to that appeasement. The appeasement after seven days was attained not only after seven days. He felt very delighted with the thought: "I have only seven days" dukkha-suffering. I have already been freed from future dukkha suffering." Another example A man was punished with seven days imprisonment for a theft of one kyat. Moreover, on the same day being sued by another man, he was punished with seven months imprisonment for a theft of one hundred kyats. Moreover, on the same day being sued by another man, he was punished with seven years imprisonment for a thef of one thousand kyats. On that day, he was sent to the prison. On the same day he got the amnesty order and he was immediately freed from the seven years and seven months imprisonment; only seven days imprisonment remained with him. Also in this example, the suffering of seven years and seven months' imprisonment ceased and appeased altogether with the amnesty order. He got the appeasement; he attained to it. Another example A man owes one lakh kyats. Anyhow he repays and only seven kyats remaim. He has to worry about seven kyats only, no more to worry about ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-three kyats; he becomes appeased. He gets that appeasement; he attains to it. A man is seriously suffering from one thousand boils all over the body. Having got a good treatment, nine hundred and ninety-three boils are cured and appeased; he has to suffer only the remaing seven small boils on his feet. Just as the examples mentioned above, the sotapanna, the stream-enterer too, gets a special advantage, a special privilege of the complete cessation-appeasement of apayadukkhasufferings. In the woeful course of existence and the complete appeasement of infinite round of sufferings, vattadukka after .. seven births. He is so such delighted with the interest-pleasure, pitisomanassa. (To Be Continue)

7 &ufrStxuf Nidrf;csufudk (7) &ufaphrS&onfr[kwf/ ighrSm (7) &uf 'kuom&Sawmhonf/ (7) &ufrtxuf 'kuN ir;f ayNy[k tvGe0rf;ajrmuf d S d D f &\/ (Oyrmtwd k i f ; rS w f a v/) Oyrmwpf e nf ; / / wpfenf;- vlwpfa,mufrSm wpfusyf wefjypfrItwGuf (7) &uf axmif'Pfay;av\/ wpfzef xdkaeYrSmyif wpfa,mufaomol\ pGqcsuf wpf&mwefjypfrtwGuEifh (7) v axmif J kd I f S 'Pfay;jyefav\/ wpfzef wpfa,mufaomol\pGJqdkcsuf wpfaxmif wefjypfrItwGuf (7) ESpf axmif'Pfay;&jyef\/ xdkaeYrSmyif axmifodkY csav\/ xdaeYrmyif wpf&mwefr?I wpfaxmifwefrI vGwNf ir;f ap[laom Yk S d pD&ifcsufudk &jyefav\/ &onfESifhwpfNydKifeuf (7) v? (7) ESpf axmif 'PfrI Nidrf;av\/ (7) &uf axmif'PfrIom rNidrf;bJ usef&Sdav\/ Oyrmudkvnf; xdk (7) v? (7) ESpf axmif'Pf'kuonf vGwfaptrdefY&onfESifhwpfNydKifeuf Nidrf;av\/ Nidrf;jcif;udk xdkol&av \/ a&mufav\/ Oyrmwpf e nf ; / / wpf e nf ; - wpf a ,muf a omol r S m aMu;aiG wpfodef;a<u;wifav\/ BuHzefqyfay;avaomf (7) usyfrQ usef&Sdav\/ 7 usyfwGufom ylyef&awmhonf/ (99993) udk;aomif; ud;k axmifu;kd &mud;k q,fo;kH usywuf at;Ny;D Nir;f Ny;D jzpfav\/ xdat;rI? h f G d k Nidrf;rIudk &av\/ a&mufav\/ wpfa,mufaomolrSm temtaygif; wpfaxmif? wpfu,v;kH ayguf tvl;tvJcae&\/ aq;awGU tem kd f H aygif; (993) ud;k &mud;k q,ho;kH vH;k aysmufuif;av\/ ajcrSmuse&aom f f dS temi,faygif; (7) vHk;twGufom cH&awmhonf/ odaom Oyrmrsm;uJoYkd aomwmyefy*Kd vonfvnf; tyg,f Yk h k f rS 'ku\tNyD;Nidrf;jcif; (7) b0rS txuf terw*0#f'ku\ tNyD;Nidrf; jcif; [laom tusdK;xl; tcGihfxl;udk tNyD;&av\/ tvGef0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;omjcif; aomreESihf cHpm;&av\/ pHpm;&av\/ 'k w d , ok w f / / 'kwd,okwf tvsm;? teH? tapmuf ,lZem (50) &Saom tukejf ynfaom a&&Saoma&tdiBf u;D rSm oref;jruf d h d k zsm;jzihf xkwf,laom a&aygufi,fwpfckESihf wpftdkifvHk;&Sda&udk EdIif;,SOf aom Oyrmvm\/ wwd , ok w f / / wwd,okwfrSm jrpfBuD; 5 oG,f&Sda&ESihf xdkjrpfBuD; (5) oG,frSxkwf,ltyfaom (2) ck? (3) ckaom a&aygufi,f Oyrmvm\/ pwk w o k w f / / pwkwokwfrSm (2) ck? (3) ckaom a&ayguf i,fudk csefvSyf jrpfBuD; (5) oG,f&Sd tukefcef;ajcmufav&m usefaom a&aygufi,f (2) ckESihf (3) ckESihf ukefcef;avaom a&pkOyrmvm\/ y r ok w f / / yrokwfrSm qD;aphcefY&Sdaom ajrvHk;i,f (7) ck ESihf r[myx0DajrBuD; Oyrmvm\/ q|rok w f / / q|rokwfrSm qD;aphcefY&Sdaom ajrvHk;i,f 7 ckudk csefvSyf r[myx0DajrBuD;ukefav&m usefaomajrESihf ukefaom ajr Oyrmvm\/ ow r ok w f / / owrokwfrSm r[mork'&m 4 pif;a&ESihf xdkrSxkwf,ltyfaom a&aygufi,f (2) ck? (3) ck Oyrmvm\/ f S f Y dS e0rok w f / / e0rokwrm rkenif;aphcef&aom ausmufom; i,f (7) ckESihf ,lZem (3000) &Sdaom [dr0Emawmif Oyrmvm\/ 'orok w f / / 'orokwfrSm xdkausmufom;i,f (7) ckudk csef vSyf [dr0Emawmif ukefjcif;a&mufav&m xdkusefaom ausmufom; i,f (7) ckESihf ukefjcif;a&mufav&m [dr0Em&Sd ausmufpkOyrmvm\/ a'oemawmfpkum;- aomwmywdr*fodkY tqdkufwGif tem *wf oHo&m cEm'ku terw*w\ csKyNf ir;f rIukd y"mejyK a[mawmf Ykd d rlaom okwefa'oempkaywnf;/ wG i f a &G U um; <uif ; aom'k u E S i h f csKyf N yD ; 'k u Ed I i f ; ,S O f y H k N yD ; \/

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r0D&onf Ak'\"rw&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/

23

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

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"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/ oihfavsmfpGm ESvHk;oGif;aomaMumihf? 6/ wdkifyif aqG;aEG;aomaMumih?f 7/ cspcifoEifh aygif;azmf f l S &aomaMumihf? 8/ oihfavsmfaom t&yfXme aexdkif&aomaMumihf ynmonfBuD;&ihf\? &ihf usujf cif;oda&muf\/ &Spyg;aomtaMumif;wdYk Yk f onf ynmoef Y & S i f ; Ek d i f a omtaMumif ; wd k Y aywnf; qdcNhJ y;D aomtaMumif;&Spyg;wdonf k f Yk tMuif ol w d k Y t m; &S d u k e f \ / xd k o l w d k Y t m; Pf y nmonf x l ; jcm;uG J j ym;\}} vd k Y ajymvkdufygowJh uG,f/ wpfzefrdvdErif;BuD;u ]t&Sifbk&m; em*aoe ajrtzdonf wdiyifjcif;\ tjypf Yk k f &Spfyg;rSvGwfuif;yg\/ tuREfkyfonfvnf; avmu vG e f j rwf a om wd k i f y if o ih f a om? tazmfo[Jygwnf;? tuREfkyfwdkYonf vQdKU0Suf tyfaom twdkiftyifudk tpOfapmihfpnf;Ekdif avmufaomolvnf;jzpfyg\/ tuREfkyfonf touf&norQ umvywfv;kH vQKd U0Sutyfaom S f f twdkiftyifudk apmihfpnf;ygtHh? tuREfkyfonf jyqdkNyD; &Spfyg;aomtaMumif;wdkYjzihf ynmBuD; &ihfjcif;odkY a&mufyg\? ,cktcg tuREfkyfuJh odkYaom wynhfudk &EkdifcJyg\/ aumif;pGmusihf aom wynhftay: tuREfkyfuJhodkY wynhfudk &EkdifcJ\/ aumif;pGmusihfaom wynhftay: tMuifESpfq,hfig;yg;aom q&m\ 0wfedAm'f tzdkYt&mwdkY&Sdyg\/ xdkESpfq,hfig;yg;aom q&m\ 0wfedAm'ftzdkYt&mwdkYjzihf q&monf ajzmihrepm vduemusiaqmiftyf\/ ESpq,hf f S f G k f fh f ig;yg;aom q&m\ 0wfedAm'ftzdkYt&mwdkY[l onf tb,fwdkYenf;[lrl t&Sifbk&m;em*aoe avmu q&monf rdrdwynfhtay: rqnf;uyfoihf aom yk*dKvf? qnf;uyfoihfaom yk*dKvfudk odtyf\? wynhaygYwefonf raygYwefonfukd f od t yf \ ? wynf h t wG u f ae&mxd k i f c if ; ud k odtyf\? emzsm;rusef;onfudk odtyf\/ qG r f ; abmZOf & r&ud k od t yf \ / wynh f \ xl;jcm; rxl;jcm;udkodtyf\? rdrdoydwfwGif; a&muf & S d a om abmZOf u d k a0zef t yf \ / raMumuf v ih f ? oif \ tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;onf wd;k wufae\} [k tm;ay;tm;ajrmufjyKtyf\/ od k Y a om yk * d K vf E S i h f twl w uG q uf q H aygif;oif; ae\[k wynh\ taygif;toif;udk f odtyf\/ &Gmtaygif;toif;udkodtyf\? ausmif; taygif;toif;udotyf\/ xdwynfh k d k ESihf twl&,farmjcif;? jrL;xl;jcif;udkrjyKtyf? xdkwynhfESihf twlwuG pum;ajymqdkjcif;udk jyKtyf\/ tenf;i,frQ cRwfacsmfwdrf;yg;onf ud k j rif a omf v nf ; cH t yf \ / av;pm;orI aumif;pGmjyK&m\/ q&mh0wfudk rcsKd;rzsuf&m rvQd K Ur0S u f j yKvk y f & m\/ twwf y nmud k t<uif;rxm;oifMum;ay;&m\/ wynhfudk twwfynmwdkY jzpfaptHh} [k tzpdwfxm; &m\/ ]wynhonf tb,foYkd tusK;d rqkwf f ,kwayrnfenf;} [k Bu;D yGm;apvdaom pdwxm; f k f &m\/ wynh f u d k twwf y nmtif t m; tpGr;f tm;jzihf tm;&Sonfujkd yKt}hH [laom pdwf d udkxm;&m\/ arwmpdwfudk a&SUIxm;&m\? ab;&efa&mufaomtcgwd rpGeypf&m? jyKvyf Yk Yf k zG,faom 0wfrarhavsmh&m cRwfacsmfazmuf jyefvwfaomf w&m;ojzihf cs;D ajrmufa[mMum; &m\/ um; wynhfusihf&ef q&m\ 0wf ed A m'f * k P f t*F g wd k Y w nf ; ? xd k q d k c J h N yD ; aom 0wfedAm'f*kPft*FgwdkYjzihf tuREfkyf aumif;pGm usihfawmfrlygavmh/ t&Sifbk&m; tuREfkyftm; ,HkrSm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ qdwfcsKdyrm0uF0kwd jyem aemifvmvwHUaom t"GefYumv0,f olrSef igrSefjiif;cHkjcif;onf jzpfygvwHU? aemifvm vwHUaom t"GefYumvvnf; t&Sifbk&m;ESihf wl a om ynm&S d w d k Y u d k & cJ h y guk e f v w H U ? ol wpf y g;wd k Y pG y f p G J j cif ; ud k ES d y f e if ; jcif ; iS m xd k jyemar;cGe;f wd tuREytm; ynmrsupukd Yk kf f f d ay;awmfrlygbk&m;vdkY avQmufxm;vkdufw,f/ rif;jrwf Oygoum\ usihf0wf*kPf t*F g wd k Y o nf q,f y g;wd k Y w nf ; tb,f q,fyg;wdkY enf;[lrl- rif;jrwf avmu Oygoumonf oHCmESihfwlrQaom csrf;om qif;&J&Sdoljzpf\? w&m;awmfvQif tBuD;trSL; xm;oljzpf\? Opmypnf;tiftm; tavsmuf a0zefcGJjcm;jcif; arGUavsmfoljzpf\? bk&m; omoemawmf ysuf j ym;qk w f , k w f o nf u d k Mum;odawGUjrifaomf wdk;wufpnfyifjcif;iSm vHkYvpdkufxkwf\? aumif;aomt,l0g'&Sdol jzpf \ ? 'd | ok w rk w r*F v m t,l r S uif ; vG w f touf [ l a om taMumif ; taMumif;vnf; omoemawmfrS wpfyg;aom oludk q&m[l rTefMum;? xdkOygoumonf ud k , f t rl t &m EI w f t rl t &m ud k v nf ; apmihpnf;\? oihwihnwjf cif; arGUavsmo?l f f f D G f aysmfydkufoljzpfonf/ rjiLplwwfoljzpfonf/ aumufuspf pOf;vJonfh tpGrf;jzihf omoem awmf usufpm;usifvnfolr[kwf? bk&m;udk udk;uG,f&m[k qnf;uyfol? w&m;awmfudk vnf ; aumif ; ? oH C mawmf u d k v nf ; aumif ; udk;uG,f&m[k qnf;uyfoljzpf\? rif;jrwf onfwdkYum; Oygoum\ usihf0wf*kPft*Fg q,fyg;wdkYwnf; xdktvHk;pHkaom usihf0wf*kPf

rmepdkuf&Sdolonf rme\ tpGrf;tm;jzihf vd k c sif w yf r uf t m;BuD ; ol o nf avmb\ tpGrf;jzihf? ysif;&dolonf ysif;&donfhtjzpf aMumihf? tBuHwpfckwnf;udkom pl;pdkuf BuHpnf olonf tBuHwpfckwnf;udkom pl;pdkufBuHpnf aomaMumihf i,f&G,frdkufrJolonf i,f&G,f rd k u f r J o nh f t jzpf a Mumih f wd k i f y if t yf a om tusKd;udk ysufpD;ap\vdkY ajzMum;vdkufygw,f/ rd v d E r if ; BuD ; \ pum;uk d em;vnf p G m ES i f h &Sifem*aoeu em;pkdufaxmifpOfrSmyJ rdvdE rif;Bu;D u xyfrNH y;D awmh t&Sib&m; em*aoe f k uk d ; a,muf w k d Y o nf vQKd Y 0 S u f t yf a om twkdiftyifukd xkwfazmfwwfukef\/ tb,f ukd;a,mufwkdYenf;[lrl- &m*pdwf&Sdol? a'go pku&o?l arm[pku&o?l aMumuf&xwvefY d f dS d f dS YHG d f wwfol? vmbftmrdo tav;jyKol? rdef;r? aoaomuf M uL;? y@Kyf o l i ,f yk * K vf uk d ; a,muf w nf ; vk d Y avQmuf y gw,f / t&Sifem*aoerax&fu xkd;ukd;a,mufaom yk*dKvfwkdYtm; wkdifyifaom tb,ftjypf&Sd oenf;[k ar;vkdufaomtcgrSmawmhrdvdErif;BuD;u t&Sifbk&m; em* aoe- &m*pkduf&Sdolonf &m*\pGrf;tm;jzifh vQKdY0Suftyfaom twkdiftyifukd zGifhazmfxkwf wwf \ / a'gopk d u f & S d o l o nf a'go\ tpGrf;jzifh? arm[pkduf&Sdolonf arm[\ tpGr;f jzif?h aMumufwwfoonf aMumufjcif;\ l tpGrf;jzifh? vmbftmrdo tav;jyKolonf vmbf t mrd o [l a om taMumif ; aMumif ; ? rd e f ; ronf ynmenf ; onf h tjzpf a Mumih f ? aoaomuf MuL;olonfvnf; ao&nfao&uf aomufpm;jcif; vQyfay:onfh tjzpfaMumifh? y@Kyfonf pdwfxm;rwnhfrwfaomaMumihf? oli,fonf pdwfaeEke,fajymif;vJvG,faom aMumihf vQdKU0Suftyfaom twdkifyifudk zGihfazmf wwf\/ odkodyfrxm;Ekdif? avmu yk*dKvf udk;a,mufwdkYonf ,kwfrmqdk;pG wpfcPrQ jzpfukef\/ pdwfwkefvIyfukef\/ vQyfay:avmf vnfue\/ yk*Kd vu;kd a,mufwEihf wdiyiftyf k f f Ykd S k f aom twdkiftyifonf vsifjrefpGm aygufMum; wwf\} vdkY ajymMum;vdkufygawmhowJhuG,f/ rdvErif;Bu;D u qufNy;D ]t&Sib&m; d f k em*aoe &Spyg;aomtaMumif;wdaMumihf ynm f Yk onf BuD;&ihf\? &ihfusufjcif;odkY a&muf\? tb,f&pyg;wdenf;[lr}l 1/ t&G,Bf u;D &ihaom S f Yk f aMumihf ynmonf BuD;&ihf\? &ihfusufjcif;odkY a&muf\? 2/ tNcHt&Htausmftapmrsm;aom aMumihf? 3/ tzefzefar;jref;aomaMumihf? 4/ a&qdyfyrmq&mESihf aygif;azmfaomaMumihf? 5/

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/

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igYom; a&Smifwdrf;udk,fcHynm oifzdkYvdkNyD

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uGrf;tpfab;udk a&Smifwwfatmif oif,ljcif; jzpfaMumif;avQmufxm;onf/ xd k t cg q&mawmf u NyH K ;aeNyD ; aemuf oHCmtrsm;Mo0g'ay;aom OykofaeY nwGif xdkudpudk qHk;rMo0g'ay;&if; pmcs armif y @d E S i h f [d k u d k & if (2)yg;uawmh bef;avmif&Gmu &[ef;vlxGuf armifomat; rdef;rESihfywfoufvdkY olYtazu omat;udk qH;k rMo0g'ay;Ny;D oifoifwynmav; oifxm; h hJ zdkY vdktyfwJhtaMumif;ajymovdk ajym&rvdk jzpfaeNyDuGJU} [k rdefYMum;onf/ omat;udk olYtaz qHk;rMo0g'ay; wJhtaMumif;ESihf oifoihfwJh ynmtaMumif; taMumif;pHk tus,uav;odyg&apbk&m;} [k f wdkuftkyfbkef;BuD;u avQmufxm;onf/ at; bkef;BuD;wdkYwynhf aombP &[ef;b0u xGufNyD; rdef;r&owJh? aombP u vltrnfomat;qdkwJh tvGefat;at; ae wwfNyD; rdef;rudkvJ aMumuf&owJh? olYrdef;r? rdpeu a'gif;wif armif;wifxufxufjrufjruf d f oGufvufcsufcsmNyD; pum;ajymvJ a[ma[m 'di;f 'di;f tvkyvyvJ wH;k qdwu?f usm;qduuf k k f k f k kd k kd vkyfavh &SdowJh/ 'Dawmh vlat; omat;crsm rd e f ; r tvd k u sae&owJ h ? rd e f ; r rd p d e f u tvdkrus cPcP eD;&mESihf aumufayguf vdkYcH&wJh tBudrfaygif;uvJrsm;vSNyDwJh yxrpwif c H & pOf u zcif B uD ; u

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ onf vl Y a bmif uk d a Mumuf v ef Y o G m ;ojzif h b' d , rif ; om;trS L ; jyKaom ig;OD ; aom omuD 0 if r if ; om;wk d Y E S i f h t wl &[ef ; jyK\/ usi0wfy#dywfudk aeY? nrjywf tm;xkwvsuf hf f tpOftwkdif;aom 0dZmPfwdkYukd rsufarSmuf jyKawmfrl wpfae&m xkdif&if;yif 'dApuK tbdnmOfjzifh wpfaxmifaom pMu0Vmukd xkwfcsif;jrifEkdif\/ onfum; y'krkw&m bk & m;ajcawmf & if ; qk a wmif ; yw e m jyKcJhjcif;\tusKd;qufyifjzpfygonf/ t&S i f t Ek k ' g onf tb,f a om aumif;rIuHaMumifh okdY 0dZmokH;yg;ESifh jynhfpkH &onfudk jyefvnfo;Hk oyfMunfaomtcg if; h onf tEbm&jrufxrf;orm;b0tjzpfukd jyef v nf jrif v m\/ ig\taqG c if y G e f ; jzpf a om ok r eol a X;onf tb,f t &yf jzpf a eav oenf ; [k Munf h I a omtcg rk @ ed * k H ; r[mrk @ Oygoum\om;i,f plVokrejzpfaeonfudk jrif\/ xkpVokreonf d l omoemh0efxrf; &[ef;jyKvsuf qH&dwfjzwf NyD ; onf \ tqk H ; wG i f t&[w z k d v f o k d Y a&muf a wmf r l r nf h t aMumif ; uk d aumif ; pG m odjrifawmfrl\/ aumif;uifc&D;jzifh <uoGm; awmfr r[mrk@OygoumjrifvQif om;Bu;D l r[mokretm; tdrfokdYyifhap 0gwGif; okH;v ywfvkH; xkdtdrf oDwif;okH;yg&ef avQmufxm; aomtcg tEk'g rax&fonf onf;cHawmfr k l 0gwGif;okH;vywfvkH; oDwif;okH;aeawmfrl\/ oD w if ; uRwf a omtcg r[mrk @ onf t&Sifoljrwftm; ouFef;okH;xnfESifh qD? qef? wifvJwkdYukdvSL'gef;\/ r,lvkd[k jiif;y,f awmfrl\/ 0guyfqkdaomyk*KdvfwkdYonf &oifh &xk d u f a om 00god u mvmbf j zpf y g tvSLcHxkdufygonf[k avQmufxm;onfhtcg t&SiftEkk'gu ighxHwGif uyd,um&uvnf; r&Sd? omraPvnf;r&Sdjcif;aMumifh rcH,ljcif; jzpfayonf[k rdefYawmfrl\/ OygoumBuD ; u r[mok r euk d &SifomraP jyK ac:oGm;yg[kavQmuf\/ r[mokreukd igtvkr&S[k rdeawmfraomtcg d d Yf l plVokre udkom &SifomraPjyKay; ygavm[k avQmufaomtcg rax&fu aumif;ygNyD[k 0efcH plVokreukd &SifomraPjyKay;awmf rl\/ plVokreonf qH&dwf&if; oifMum;ay; xm;aom wpyu (qHyif? arG;ni;f ? ajconf;? vufonf; oGm;? ta&xl ta&yg;) ur|mef;ukd ESvkH;oGif; &mrS qH&dwfy,fNyD;onf\tqkH; t&[wzkdvf okdYa&mufoGm;av\/ tEk'g rax&fonfx&m wpfq,fh k dk G ig;&ufrQ oDwif;ok;H Ny;D aemuf jrwfpmbk&m;tm; G zl;ajrmf&ef okreomraP\aqGrsK;d wkudk cGiyef Yd hf Mum;um tEkk'grax&fESifh okreomraP wkdYonf aumif;uifc&D;jzifh <uoGm;awmfrl Mu\/ t&SiftEkk'gESihf omraPwdkYonf [d r 0E m t&yf vrf ; ck v wf awmausmif ; oufqif;awmfrl em;aeawmfrlpOf wpfn ywf v k H ; pBuF <uNyD ; tm;xk w f a wmf r l & mrS rax&f r S m avemjyif ; pG m ay:ayguf v m\/ okreomraPu a0'emonf rnfonfh aq;jzifh csrf;om&ygoenf;[k ar;avQmufav aomf taemwwtkdifrSa&jzifh csrf;om&onf omjzpf a yonf \ [k q k d a omf omraPu taemwwtkdifrSa&ukd wynhfawmfaqmif,l vmygrnf h t aMumif ; avQmuf a omtcg t&Sifu aumif;ygNyD[k qkdNyD; xkdtkdifaeaom yEue*g; rif;onf ighukdod\[k qkdonf/ e*g;rif;tm; cGifhawmif; a&wpftkd;,laqmif cJ h y g[k &S i f o mraPtm;rd e f Y q k d a wmf r l \ / omraPonf ,l Z emig;&m uG m a0;aom taemww a &tk d i f & S d & mod k Y aumif ; uif c&D;jzifh<uoGm;\/ xkdaeY e*g;rif;onf e*g;r uacs onftaygif;ESihf a&upm; aysmfjrL;vsuf &Sd\/ okreomraPukdjrifkHESihf trsufxGuf ae\/ taemwwtkdifrS a&ukd,l&efvmonf jzpf e*g;rif;onf a&ukdrdrd\yg;ysOf;jzihfzkH; td y f a e\/ &S i f o mraPonf e*g;rif ; u rd r d t ay: trsuf x G u f a eonf u k d o d aq;tjzpf a omuf oH k ; &ef v m,l j cif ; jzpf a&wpftkd;avmufay;yg [k qkdygonf/ e*g;rif;onf **FgjrpfrSa&ukd toif onf oGm;a&mufNyD;,layavmh[k qkdonf/ xkdtcg &SifomraPu taemwwa&tkdifrS a&ukdomtvkd&Sdygonf/ ig\q&monf a& udkom aq;tjzpfjzihf okH;aqmifvkdjzpfonf [k qk d o nf / xk d o k d Y t csD t csjzpf a ecsd e f w G i f &SifomraPu toife*g;rif; toifonf tu,f wefcdk;pGrf;tif&SdcJhygvQif tkdifrS a&ukd r,laqmifEkdifatmif BuHaqmifygavmh [k qkdonf/ xktcg &SiomraPonf tmumo d f |ewf w k d Y x H o G m ; avmuygvewf r if ; BuD ; av;yg;? odMum;rif; ok&mrewfrif;? oEKodw ewfrSp jA[mjynfwkdifatmif oGm;a&mufNyD; vSnhfvnf taem&wtkdifaeaom e*g;rif;

27

ESifh igppfxkd;rnfjzpfaMumif;? vma&muf MunfhIMuygukefavmh[k vSnhfvnfajymMum; xm;\/ xkdtcg ewfwkdYuvnf; vma&muf MunhfMu\/ okreomraPu aumif;uif ae e*g;rif;tm; okH;BudrfwdkifwkdifcGifhyef\/ e*g;rif;uvnf; toifonf a&ukd,lEkdifu ,lyg[k okH;Budrfwkdifwkdif jyefMum;ajymqkdae\/ okreomraPonf wpfq,fhESpf ,lZem&Saom jA[mrif;Bu;D cEmuk,udk zefqif; d d f e*g;rif;\yg;ysO;f ukeif;xm;\/ yg;ysO;f onf d a&atmufousom;onftcg yg;ysO;f \tay: Ydk G h ok d Y a &wd k Y o nf tef x G u f wuf v m\/ omraPonf aumif;uifrSyif a&tkd;ESifh a&ukdjynhfap\/ ewfjA[mwkdYonf aumif;csD; Mobmay;ukefMu\/ e*g;rif;onf omraPi,frSm ewf j A[ m taygif ; wk d Y \ tv,f w G i f igh t m; t&Suc[k qkum omraPi,fuzrf;Ny;D cHwi;f f JG d dk G xJxnfhoGif;um **FgjrpfwpfzufodkYypfvGifhrnf [kBuHNyD; omraP\aemufodkY jyif;xefaom t[kefjzifhvkduf\/ &SifomraP\wefcdk;awmf aMumifh e*g;rif;onf vkdufrrDEkdifcJhyg/ okreomraPonf rdrd\OyZm,f q&mxHokdY a&ukdqufuyfvSL'gef;\/ e*g;rif; onf aemufrSvkdufvm t&SiftEkk'gtm; odkYavQmufxm;ajymqkd\/ a&ukdray;bJ ,lvmonf[kqkdNyD; raomuf&efajymonf/ xkdtcg t&SiftEkk'gu e*g;rif;qkdjcif;onf [kwfrSefygoavm[k &SifomraPtm;ar;&m if;ua&uk,Eiygu,lyg[k qkcjhJ cif;jzpfonf/ d l dk f d xkdYaMumifh a&ukd,lvmjcif;jzpfonf/ aomuf awmf r l y g[k q k d o nf / t&S i f t Ek k ' g u &SifomraPonf &[EmjzpfaeNyD;oljzpfaom aMumifh r[kwfrrSefaompum;ukd rajymqkdjcif; jzpfonf/ okdYjzpf t&SiftEkk'gonf xkda&ukd aomufokH;jcif;jzifh avema&m*gaysmufuif; oGm;ygawmhonf/ e*g;rif ; u t&S i f t Ek k ' g tm; omraPi,fonf ewf? jA[mwk\tv,f Yd wGif rdrdtm; t&SufcGJcJh\/ wynhfawmfonf xkomraPi,f\ESv;Hk udvnf; cGrnf? ajcwkudk d k J Yd vnf;ukdifqGJ **Fgjrpfwpfzufurf;odkY ypfcs&ef BuHpnfrdygonf[k avQmufxm;\/ xkdtcg t&SiftEkk'gu toife*g;rif;? omraP i,ftm; BuD;us,faomwefcdk; tmEkabmfonf &Sd\/ toifppfNyKdifu Ekdifrnfr[kwfaMumif;? onf;cHjcif;jzifhom aeygavmh[k rdefYawmfrl\/ pmrsuf E S m 30 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

28

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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jrifhodef;(armfuRef;)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf )
21/ t&SiftmeEmtm; bk&m;&Sif ESpfodrfh jcif ; ES i h f csD ; usL;axmremjyKjcif ; bk&m;&Siftm; aemufxyfar;jref; avQmufxm;&efr&Sdawmhojzifh t&SiftmeEm onf? y&da'0u vTr;f rd;k zdp;D xm;av vGw&m f odkY <uoGm;awmfrlNyD; opfyifwpfyifudk rSDvsuf idka<u;awmfrlygavonf/ odkYidka<u;&if; rdrdrSm usiBfh utm;xkwqJ (aou) yk*Kd vwpfO;D rQom H f f &Sdao;aMumif;/ atmifjrifrIudk odrf;ydkufEdkif&ef twGuf xyfr qufvufBuKd ;yrf;tm;xkw&ef H f use&aeao;aMumif;/ rdrtay: r[mukPm f dS d w&m;Bu;D rm;awmfraom q&mocifrm rMumrD l S yif &Sdawmhrnfr[kwf/ rdrd\ESpfq,fig;ESpfMum wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhrItwGuf rnfonhftusdK; aus;Zl;rsm; usef&pfcJhygavoenf;[k pOf;pm; awG;awmaeawmfrygonf/ xdtcseyif q&m l k d f ocif bk&m;&Siu oltm;tac:vTw ac:,l f Y f awmfrlygonf/
21. The Buddha's consolation and prise for him. Ananda as he has no more to ask the Buddha, overpowered by grief, went aside, leaned against a tree and wept. Thinking that he was only a trainee (sekkha), still had to attempt and conquer, and the Teacher who had so much compassion for hom would soon be no more, what remained as the fruit of his twenty five years of service? At that time, the Teacher sent for him.

tmeEm? qufvufBudK;yrf;tm;xkwfygav/ rMumrDyif oifcspfom;onf tmo0cyfodrf;rS uif;Nir;f vGwajrmufom;ayvdrrnf}} [k rderm d f G fh Yf S awmfrlygonf/ auseyf0rf;ajrmufMu&onf/ 'ghtjyifvwi;f u l kd Then the Buddha said: "Do not ol&UJ w&m;udk tcgcgyd em;Mum;vdMk uayonf/ Y k be sorrowful Ananda, wept no more; have tmeEmwGif odkYaom xl;jcm;tHhrcef;aom I not told you many time that everything tm**kPf&nfrsm;&Sdacsonf/}} changes and vanishes? How could something that has risen not vanish? For a long time, A nanda, you have attended on the -gata, gladly, sensitively, sincerely Tatha and without reserve, with deeds, speeches and thoughts of loving kindness. You have made great merit; A nanda, keep on striving and soon you will be free from all cankers."

xdkYaemuf ewfvlwdkY\ q&mwpfql jzpfawmfrlaom bk&m;&Sifonf &[ef;wdkYbuf odkY vSnhfawmfrlNyD; t&SiftmeEmtm; csD;usL; axmremjcif;udk xkwfazmf>rufMum;awmfrlyg onf/ ]]cyfor;f aomyGiawmfrNl y;D aom bk&m;&Sif d fh wkdYrSm tmeEmuJhodkYaom tvkyftauR;&[ef; rsm; &SdawmfrlcJhMuayonf/ tem*wfumvwGif yGihfawmfrlMurnhf bk&m;&Sifrsm;tm;vHk;wdkYonf vnf; tvm;wltvkytauR;&[ef;rsm;&Sawmf f d rlMuayvdrfhrnf/ ol\vltrsm;ESihfqufqHrI t&nftaoG;rSm tHhcsD;av;jrwfzG,fyif/ &[ef; wpfpwonf tmeEmudk oGm;a&mufawGUqHvQif k Ykd k olYudkjrifawGU&jcif;aMumifh olwdkY0rf;ajrmuf &Tifvef;Mu&onf/}}
"All the Buddhas of the past had such excellent attendants as Ananda and all Buddhas of the future will have them too. His skill in dealing with people is admirable. If a company of bhikkhus goes to see Ananda, they become joyful on seeing him."

"If Ananda speaks to them on the Dhamma they are pleased by his discourse; and they are not content to hear him but they want to listen more. And it is also with the bhikkhuni s, the laymen and the laywomen: each assembly taught by him is always delighted and every one wants to listen to him further. A nanda has such remarkable extraordinary qualites."

]]cspfom;tmeEm? 0rf;enf;ylaqG; raeygvihf? xyfrH idka<u;raeygESihfawmh? t&m cyfor;f onf rwnfNr?J ajymif;vJMuvsuf d ysufpD;aysmufuG,fMu&onf/ jzpfay:vmonhf t&monf rysufpD;raysmufuG,fzdkY b,fodkYjzpf EdkifygthHenf;[k oihfudk igbk&m;onf Budrfzef rsm;pG m rd e f Y M um;awmf r rl c J h y gavoavm/ cspom;tmeEm? umvMumjrihpm? igbk&m;tm; f f G oifcspom;onf 0rf;ajrmuf&ivef;pGm tvkuf f T f d odpGm? pdwfa&mudk,fygESihf r>cif;rcseftuefY towfr&Sd? um,uH? 0pDuH? raemuHwdkYjzihf apwemarwmxm;vsuf vkyfauR;cJhNyD;avNyD/ oifcspfom;onf BuD;us,frGefjrwfvSpGmaom aumif;rIuovw&m;udk jyKcNhJ y;D avNy/ cspom; k kd f D f

22/ bk & m;&S i f \ aemuf q H k ; w&m;a'oem awmf j rwf B uD ; ES i h f aemuf q H k ; rd e f Y r S m csuf bk&m;&Sifu csD;usL;axmremjyKawmf rlNyD;aemuf t&SiftmeEmonf bk&m;&Sif\ oufawmfxif&m;wnfaeawmfrjl cif;udk wpf&uf S ESpf&ufcefY tcsdefqdkif;xm;Edkif&ef pum;vrf; aMumif;ajymif;awmfrlvdkufygonf/ tu,f bk&m;&Sifonf uJhodkYNrdKU&GmreD;awmBuD;xJrSm y&dedAmefjyKawmfrrlyJ prg? &mZN*dK[f? om0wd? omauw? aumorD? Am&mPoDwdkYuJhodkYaom NrdKUawmfBuD;rsm;teuf wpfNrdKUNrdKUrSmomqdkvQif xdNk rKd UawmfBu;D rSmaexdiMf uaom wynh'g,um? k f 'g,dumrrsm;u y&dedAmeftcrf;tem;udk ydkrdk Then the Teacher turned to the crf;em;pGm usif;yylaZmfEkdifMurnfjzpfaMumif; bhikkhus and proclaimed the praise of Ananda: tBuHjyKavQmufxm;awmfrlygonf/
22. Last great Teaching and last words left by the Buddha. After the Buddha praised him, Ananda, to extend the life of the Buddha for one or two days, chage the topic. He suggested that it might to better if the Buddha did not pass away here in the back woods, but in one of the great capitals, such as Campa , Ra jagaha, Sa vatthi, Saketa, - -- Kosambi , Baranasi where there, the funeral ceremony could be performed better by the lay disciples living there.

]]tmeEmu w&m;oabmudk ajym Mum;vQif olw&m;a'oemawmfaMumifh auseyf Y ESpfoufMu&onf/ olwdkYonf olYw&m;em& onfukd ra&mif&EiMf ubJ wd;k yifemMum;vdMk u h J dk ayonf/ tvm;wlpGmyif bduKeDrsm;? 'g,um rsm;? 'g,dumrrsm;rSmvnf; odkYyif jzpfMuay xdkYaMumihfyifvQif ]]r[mok'e}} onf/ olYw&m;udkem&vQif y&dowfwkdif;yif wnf;[laom aemufq;kH okwawmfBu;D udk a[m f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/ Mum;awmfrcygacsonf/ bk&m;&Sionf y&deAmef l hJ f d jyKawmfrl&m anmifapmif;xufavsmif;awmf rlvsufuyif ukodemHkonf rnfonhftwGuf ta&;rygaomae&mwpfcv;kH 0r[kwaMumif;udk k f t&SitmeEmtm; vGepmrSyif tao;pdwuspm f f G f G &S i f ; vif ; a[mMum;awmf r l & S m ygavonf / a&S;vGeavNy;D aomumvwpfc bk&m;&Sionf f k f ]]r[mok'e}} [laom pMu0aw;rif;tjzpf ESifh ae&mwGif eef;pHcNhJ y;D onhaemufwivnf; f G f pMu0aw;rif;tjzpfEifh ajcmufBurxufrenf; S d f ae&mwGif cEmcscJhNyD;jzpfaMumif; ,cktBudrf onf ckepfBudrfajrmufjzpfNyD; aemufqHk;vnf; jzpfaMumif;/ xdkbk&ifEdkifiHawmfBuD;\ xnf0g om;em;rIESihf BuD;usrfcrf;em;rIwdkYrSm zsufqD; acsrIef;cH&NyD; ysufpD;aysmufuG,foGm;cJh&avNyD/ pifppftm;jzihf onfrSm cyfodrf;aomocFg& wdukd w&m;ESitnD oHa0*yGm;rsm;Eki&ef yk*Kd vf Yk hf d f wpfOD;wpfa,muftzdkY vHkavmufygaMumif; &Sif;vif;jyawmfrlygonf/
Thereupon the discourse about -sudassana', explained in great detail, 'Maha to him, why Kusinara was not an unimportant place at all. He had lived there a long time ago as the Universal Monarch,'Maha -sudassana," and he left his bodies there not less than six times as Universal Monarchs: this was the seventh and last than six times. The splendour and magnificence of that Kingdom had been destroyed, had dispappeared and vinished. This indeed, was enough to make one develop remorse according to the Dhamma of the conditioned things.

33

rsm;u 0gi,folrsm;udk trnfemrjzihfjzpfap? trsdK;tEG,ftrnfudkjzpfap? ]]igh&Sif}} (tm0k aom) [kjzpfap ac:Mu&rnf/ wzef 0gi,fol rsm;u 0gBuD;olrsm;udk ]]t&Sifbk&m;}} (baE) [k vnf;aumif;? ]oufawmf&Snft&Sifbk&m;} (tm,om) [kvnf;aumif; ac:Mu&rnf/}}
Now the Buddha left words to follow after is Demise. "A nanda, when I have passed away, bhikkhus should no longer address each other as they do at present by the term 'avuso' (friend). Ananda senior bhikkhus should address the junior ones by name, or by family name, or by the term 'avuso'. And the junior ones should address the senior ones by the term 'bhante' or 'ayasma' (Venerable Sir)."

onf bk&m;&Siftm; rar;vdkuf&avjcif;[k aemifwr&Muap&ef rdrdwdkY\ ,HkrSm;ucFgudk azmfxwMf uavavmh[k oH;k Burwiar;awmfrl k d f kd f aomfvnf; &[ef;wdrm qdwqwom&SaeMuyg Yk S f d f d onf/ xdkYaMumihfyif bk&m;&Sifu olwdkYonf q&mocifbk&m;&Sifudk dkaoorIjzihf ar;jref; jcif;rjyKMujcif;jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ odkYjzpfvQif &[ef;wpfyg;onf ol\oDwif;oHk;azmftm; ol\ oHo,udkajymEdkifonf[k rdefYMum;awmfrl onhwiatmifyif &[ef;wdonf qufvuf f dk f Yk EIwfqdwfaeMuygonf/
Then the Master addressed the bhikkhus and asked them whether they had any doubt on the Buddha, or the Dhamma, or the Samgha, or Magga, or the . Practice. They should express their doubts so that they would not regret it later for not asking him. For the third time too, the bhikkhus remained silent. So the Buddha said that, it might be that they did not ask question out of respect for the Teacher, then one could tell his companion his doubt. Even when this was said, the bhikkhus continued to remain silent.

]]cspfom;tmeEm? igbk&m;r&Sdawmh onhfaemuf oHCmonf tu,f tvdk&Sdjim; tH?h ta&;rBu;D aomti,fpm; 0denf;odumyk'f awmfwdkYudk y,fEIwfEdkifayonf/}}

"A nanda, after I have passed away, the Samgha, the Order of bhikkhus, may, if it wishes to, abolish lesser and minor Rules of Discipline."

bk&m;&Sifonf y&dedAmefpH0ifawmfrl tHr;l rl;rSmyif? TeMf um;rIukd qufvufjyKawmfryg h l onf/ ]]cspfom;tmeEm? igbk&m;r&Sdawmhonhf tcg &[ef; ]qE} tay: jA[mh'Pfudk csrSwf jy|mef;Muavmh/}} t&SiftmeEmu ]]bkef;awmf BuD;jrwfawmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;? jA[mh'Pf qdonfrm tb,fygenf;bk&m;}} [k ar;avQmuf k S yg\/ ]]tmeEm? &[ef; ]qE} udk olajymcsif&m ajymygap? vTwfxm;vkdufyg/ tjcm;&[ef;wdkY oef;acgifausmfcJhavNyD/ bk&m;&Sif u olwdkY tBuHay;jcif;udkjzpfap? qHk;roGefoif y&deAmefp0ifawmfrNl y;D onhaemufwif q&mr&Sd jcif;udkjzpfap? wm;jrpf[efYwm;jcif;udkjzpfap d H f G S f d Yf l awmhNyD[k rxifrSwfMuap&ef bk&m;&Sifu rvkyMf uawmhEi}fh } [k bk&m;&Sireawmfrygonf/ The Buddha on his deathbed, t&SitmeEmtm; ]]igbk&m;r&Sawmhonhaemuf f d f wGif ]"r} ESihf ]0de,} onf oifcspfom;wdkY\ continuedl his instructions, "A nanda, after I have passed away, let the Brahma q&mtjzpf&Sdaevdrfhrnf}} [k rdefYrSmawmfrlyg danda (Brahma penalty) be imposed upon .. onf/ Bhikkhu 'Channa,' Ven. A nanda asked,
It was past midnight. The Buddha said him never to think after his Demise, that they no longer had a teacher; "For the Dhamma and vinaya would be your teacher after I am gone." "Venerable Sir, what is the Brahma danda?" .. The Buddha said "A nanda, let Bhikkhu Channa say whatever he wishes to. The other bhikkhus should neither advise him nor admonish him, nor inhibit him."

onfwGif t&SiftmeEmu taMumif;tcsufwdkYjzihf pyfvsOf; rnfolrQ oHo,r&Sdyg[k rdrd,HkMunfygaMumif; avQmuf xm;awmfrlygonf/ oHk;vlYq&mocifbk&m;&Sif u tmeEmonf ol\,HkMunfcsufudkom ajym Mum;EdkifaMumif;? bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkifrSm rl bk&m;&Si\ xd;k xGi;f odjrifawmfraom oAnKw f l Pfawmfjzihf tvdkvdkodawmfrlaMumif;? ,ck &S d a eaom &[ef ; tm;vH k ; wG i f ted r f h q H k ; rS m aomwmyefjzpfaMumif;? ,Hrm;ucFguif;&Si;f jcif; k S rSm aomwmyeftqihfodkYa&muf&Sdjcif;\ vuPmrsm;teuf tcsuwpfcsujf zpfaMumif; f jzifh t&SitmeEmudk wnfrwfay;awmfrygonf/ f h l

,ckrl bk&m;&Sifonf y&dedAmef pH0if awmfrlNyD;aemuf vkdufemMu&ef rdefYrSmcsufrsm; xm;&SdawmfrlcJhygacs\/ ]]cspfom; tmeEm? igbk&m;r&SawmhvQi?f &[ef;wdonf tcsi;f csi;f ? d Yk ,ckac:ajymaeouJoYkd ]]ihg&Si}f } (tm0kaom) [k h qufvufrac:Muawmhvih?f 0gBu;D aom &[ef;

xdktcg bk&m;&Sifonf &[ef;wdkYtm; xdkYaemufrSm bkef;wefcdk;awmfrsm; ol w d k Y o nf bk & m;&S i f t ay:vnf ; aumif ; ? w&m;"rtay:vnf;aumif;? oHCmtay: ocif bk & m;&S i f o nf &[ef ; awmf r sm;tm; f l vnf;aumif;? r*vrf;pOftay:vnf;aumif;? aemufq;kH rdeMYf um;csuukd ay;oem;awmfrygav tusihfjrwftay:vnf;aumif; wpfpHkwpf&m NyD/oHo,&Savoavm[k ar;awmfrygonf/ igwdYk d l

Now, Ven.Ananda said that he had confidence that no one had doubt concerning these things. The Master corrected him that Ananda could only say about his confidence but he himself knew out of his own, the Buddha's Insight, Sabbauta a -na. The least of all of the bhikkhus present was a Sotapanna. (Stream Winner). The absence of doubt is one of the signs of this attainment.

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34

"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ bk&m;&Sifonf rsufvHk;awmfudkrSdwf vsuf yxrpsmef? aemuf 'kwd,psmef ponf jzihf ae0onmemonm,wepsmef (onm vnf;r[kwf? onmr[kwfonfvnf;r[kwf aom tmHkudk tajcjyK 0ifpm;&aompsmef) odwif 0ifpm;awmfrNl y;D aemuf onmESia0'em Yk kd hf wdkY csKyfNidrf;onhftqihfodkY a&muf&Sdawmfrlyg onf/ tqihrm eda&m"ormywfyif jzpfyg\/ f S
The Buddha, closing his eyes, entered the first Jhana, then the second -na and so on till Nevasaanasaa- Jha -na (State of Absorption base on yatana Jha the neither perception nor non-perception) and he attained the State of Cessation of Perception and Feeling. It was Nirodhasamapatti.

]][E'ged bdua0 tmrE,mrd a0g? 0,"rm ocFg&m tyrma'e orma'x/}} t"dym,frSm]]td k - &[ef ; wd k Y ? oif w d k Y t m; igbk & m;rS m Mum;awmf r l c J h t H h ? cyf o d r f ; uk e f aom ocF g &w&m;wd k Y o nf ,d k , G i f ; qk w f ,k w f ysuf p D ; aysmuf u G , f & rnh f obm0 "r w m jzpf a yonf / cd k i f c H h N rJ N rH a om owd j zih f (ud k , f p D u d k , f i S vG w f a jrmuf a &; twG u f ) vH k Y v 0D & d , pd k u f x k w f B ud K ;yrf ; &pf M uuk e f a vmh / }}

wdukd b0\tajccHtaMumif;&if;wpf&yftjzpf Yk rS bk&m;&Sifu pGefYvGwfawmfrlvkdufonhftcsdef xdkw&m;wdkYtay: pGrf;tm;BuD;rm;vSaom tusdK;oufa&mufrIyifjzpfygacsonf/

It was in the early summer morning past the midnight of the fullmoon day of the Vesakha (Kason), on Tuesday, in the year 148 Maha Era, that the Buddha -parinibbana. At that moment attained Maha the earth trembled violently and thunderroars with flashes of lightening appeared in the sky. Such was the powerful effect on the natural elements at the moment he renounced them as a basis for life. To Be Continued

Then the Bhagava gave his last instruction to the Bhikkhus: "Handa dani -mantayami vo vayadhamma bhikkhave a . --dena sampadetha" which sankhara appama means:"O bhikkhus, I declare this now to you; it is the nature of all conditioned things to decay and disintegrate. With steadfast mindfulness, strive diligently (for your own liberation.)"

jrih f o d e f ; (armf u Ref ; ) pmrsuf E S m 7 rS ryef ; &Muonf / aumif ; aom rd b aqG r sKd ; wumtaygif;toif;wdkYESihf aygif;oif;& onf/ b0tp y#doaEumvwGif ur ? pdw? Owk? ADZ? tm[m&wdkYaygif;qHkrdojzihf touf"mwfjzpfay:vm&onf/ xdkb0yif aumif;aomtouf&nr?I temuif;rI? pdwcsr;f S f f omrI? ud,csr;f omrIwukd &&SMd uonf/ xd"mwf k f Ykd k ed , mrwd k Y a ygif ; qH k r d o jzih f tod " mwf a c: 0dnmP"mwfjzpfay:vmonf/ 0dnmP"mwf owdaMumihf todPfrsKd;pHkuGJjym;jzpfay:vm Muonf/ ow0grsK;d pHu Mum;yHrwlMuonf rSm k k pdwfcsif;rwl uHcsif;rwl? tusKd;ay;aom Owk csif;rwl? tpmtm[m&csif;rwl? rsKd;dk;ADZrwl? touf w nf & S d M ujcif ; rwl M u vl r sKd ; pH k ? ow0grsKd;pHk uGJjym;jcm;em;Mu&onf/ ta&mif taoG;? yHoPmef vSrvS csr;f om? qif;&J? ynm k wwf rwwf tm;vHk;uGJjym;Muonf/ uG J j ym;rI o nf "r e d , mrac: obm0"raMumihfom jzpf&ygonf/ obm0 "r zefwD;ay;rIrSwpfyg; tjcm;zefqif;&Sif r&Sd acs/ oHa0*"rjzpfaom rdrdjyKonhfuH? pdwf? Owk? tm[m&? touf? todaMumihf ow0gwdYk onf b0oHo&m0,f qlBuHKedrhfjrifh tqihfqifh vQif usifvnfaeMu&onf/ zefqif;&Sifonf rQ tao;pdwf tEk p d w f zef q if ; Ek d i f z G , f r&S d y g/ obm0 "ronfomvQif odYk tEkpwjf zpfysuf ajymif; d vJjzpfay:a&; wm0efudk ,lEkdifygonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

xdktcdkuf t&SiftmeEmu t&Sif tEkk'gtm; bk&m;&Sify&dedAmefpH0ifoGm;awmf rlNyDvm;[k ar;awmfrlygonf/ t&SiftEkk'gu bk&m;&Sifonf todpdwfwdkYcsKyfNidrf;aeaom tqihfrSm &Sdawmfrlaomfvnf; y&dedAmef pH0if awmfrrlao;aMumif; jyefMum;awmfrlygonf/

,cktcg tifMuif;awmBuD;wpfckvHk; onf vHk;vHk;wdwfqdwfNidrfoufvsuf&Sdygav onf/ ]a0omc} umv (jrefrmvdk uqkefv) \ vjynf0ef;onf taemuft&yf 0ifcgeD;qJ h qJ a&mufvmawmhrnhf aeYopfwpfc\ vif;vk k vktcsdefuav; tpysdK;ygavNyD/ bk&m;&Sif\ toHawmfudk xyfrHrMum;Mu&awmhygNyD/ tcsdKUtcsdKUaom&[EmESihftem*grfjzpfawmfrl Muukefaom &[ef;awmfrsm;? vlrsm;? ewfjA[m rsm;onf w&m;awmf\ oabmobm0tay: qifjcifoHk;oyf? IrSwf? yGm;rsm;vsuf bk&m;&Sif tm; aemufqHk;ylaZmfjcif;jzihf ylaZmfawmfrlMuyg onf/ tcsKd UtcsKd Uaom ou'g*rf? aomwmyef ESifh omrefyxZOfwrm Buwvsuia<u;ylaqG; k k Ykd S d f f kd Muygonf/
Now, the whole Sal grave was in deep silence. The full moon of Vesakha (Kason in Myanmar) was about to set in the west and the small hours of the next day began, There was no more voice of the Buddha to be heard. Some bhikkhus, men devas and brahmas, who were - Arahants and Anagami (non-returners) paid their last homage to the Buddha contemplating and reflecting on the nature of the Dhamma. Some of them who were - Sakadagami (Once-returners), Sotapanna and ordinary worldings wept and lamented silently.

At that time A nanda asked Ven. Anuruddha, had the Buddha passed into Parinibbana yet? Ven. Anuruddha replied that the Buddha was in the State of Cessation of Consciousness, but had not yet passed into Parinibbana.

bk&m;&Sifonf tpOftwdkif; quf vuf eda&m"ormywfrSxawmfrlNyD; psmef w&m;wdkYudk txufrSatmufodkY tpOftvdkuf 0ifpm;awmfrljyef&m wpfqijhfyD;wpfqihfjzihfyif yxrpsmefoywdif pkeqif;0ifpm;awmfrygonf/ kd k f l xdkYaemuf wpfqihfNyD;wpfqihf pwkwpsmefxd jyefvnfqefwuf0ifpm;awmfrlNyD; aemufqHk; y&dedAmef0ifpHoGm;awmfrlygavawmhonf/
Subsequently the Buddha rising from Nirodasamapatti, entered the Jhanas in reverse order, he came down step by step to the first Jhana and he went up step by step to the fourth Jhana finally passed -na. into Parinibba

bk&m;&Sify&dedAmefpH0ifoGm;awmfrl aom xd k a eY r S m r[mou & mZf (148) ck a0omctcg uqkevjynf?h t*FgaeY oef;acgif f ,HuausmvecNhJ y;D aemuf aEG&moD\ eHeufapm kd f G f apmyifjzpfyg\/ xdtcsewif r[myx0DajrBu;D k d f G onf onf;xefpGm wkefvIyfvsuf 0if;0if;vuf vuf vQyjf yufjcif;wdEitwl rd;k csKe;f oHrsm;onf Yk S hf aumif;uif jrnf[nf;vmygawmhonf/ onfrSm obm0\ tajccHt&if;tjrpfw&m;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

35

tar
vlom;wdkif;wGif rdcifqdkwm &SdMu pNrJyif/ tarESihfruif;Muolrsm;yDyD tarh&JU taMumif;? tarh&JU*kPfaus;Zl; trSwfw&jzpf p&m? tar\vkyfaqmifcsufrsm; ponftm; jzihf tarESihfqufpyfywfouforQ ajymp&m? qdkp&m? a&;p&mtaMumif;t&mawG udk,fpD&Sd aeMurnfrSm rvGJygbl;/ avmurSm ysup;D aysmufu,om;wJh f G f G t&mawG&JUae&mrSm tvm;wlt&nftaoG; udkufnDwmawGeJY tpm;xdk;vdkY &aumif;&EdkifrSm yg/ odayr,hf ud,ukd ud;k vvG,f q,fvrSmzGm; Yk k hf jrifay;cJhwJh tart&if;udkawmh b,fvdkrS tpm;xd;k cHpm;em;vnfEirmawmh r[kwygbl;/ kd f S f z0g;vufESpfvHk; ycHk;vufESpfopf t&G,fupvdkY t&G,fa&mufNyD;onhftcsdeftxd om;orD;rsm;&JU teD;qHk;ae&mrSm tazhxuf taruydk&SdaewwfvdkY tarhudk ydkrdkcifwG,fae wwfolawGu rsm;aewwfygw,f/ b0qdkwJhausmif;awmfBuD;rSm pm&if; oGi;f cH&Ny;D uwnf;u tajymtqdvrma&;jcm; k d &S d & ef ? toG m ;tvmtaetxd k i f ,Of a us; odrfarGU ap&ef? tpm;taomufpm;onhftcg pnf;pepf useap&ef? ynma&;eJYywfoufvm vQif v nf ; ? xl ; cRef x uf j ruf a pvd k a om oGefoifqHk;rrIawG aeYpOf rarmEdkifryef;Edkif ydkYcsaewwfwJh tar[m om;wdkYorD;wdkY&JU twef;ydiq&mrBu;D qd&ifvnf; rrSm;bl;ayhg/ k f k 'ghtjyifvnf; &iftyruGm&SaepOfu k f d pvdkY &ifcGifajymif; cdkvIHoGm;MuwJh om;awGorD; awGudk b0c&D;rSm cRwfacsmfwdrf;apmif;rIr&Sd& avatmif trsm;qHk;vrf;TefqHk;rwwfMuwm vnf; taryJjzpfaewwfjyefygw,f/ atmifjrifrawGqwc;l Ny;D aysm&iae I G f f T f wJh om;wdkYb0? orD;wdkYrdom;pkav;awGudk jrifawGUwJhtcg ESvHk;om;u dkufcwfvmwJh auseyfESpfoufrI yDwdawG[m tarh&JUqif;&J yifyef;cHcJh&NyD; om;wdkYorD;wdkYtwGuf tpp t&m&m pGefYvTwftepfemcHcJh&wJh b0'kuawG tm;vH;k udk oify;kH acsavh&wwfwmvnf; tar dS yJ r[kwfvm;/ 'Dvdk yDwdtNyHK;awGeJY &Tef;vJhawmufy aewwfwhJ tarh&UJ rsu0ef;awG[m wpfcgwpf&H f rSmawmh om;wdorD;wd&UJ rodrurrawGaMumihf Yk Yk kd f J I aMuuGJpGwfpdkNyD; ,lBuHK;r&jzpf&wmvnf; tar ygyJ/ 'gayr,hf om;orD;awG &ifqdkifrajz &Sif;EdkifwJh b0'kuawGudk rQa0cHpm;wwfNyD; taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm BuHKawGUvm&wwfwJh ab;'kuawGuvnf; a&SUurm;rm;&yfNy;D &ifqif kd kd ajz&Sif;ay;wwfwmvnf; taryJjzpfaeav awmh tar[m olwdkYtwGufawmh rDScdktm;udk; &m ol&Jaumif;wpfOD;ygyJ/ om;wd k Y t wG u f 'D v d k t zuf z uf u apmifha&SmufrI? xdef;odrf;jyKpkrI? vrf;aumif; Tejf yrI? tepfemcHr?I ay;qyfrawGjynhvQr;f ae I f wJh tarh&JUaus;Zl;jrif;rdk&fOD;ru &SdaecJhwm awGukd avmuD*Paus;Zl;awGeYJ b,fvyifqyf k f kd aeOD;awmh aus;Zl;w&m;awGqyfvdkY rukefEdkif ygbl;/ rdbaus;Zl;udk todjrifq;kH eJY jynh0pGm f aus;Zl;qyfEdkifcJholudk TefjyygqdkvQif jrwfAk' &Sifawmfbk&m;rSwpfyg; wpfjcm;r&SdEdkifygbl;/ tavmif;tvsmb0aygif;rsm;pGmrSm qyfcJhzl; jyKcz;l wJh aus;Zl;w&m;awGukd jyqd&r,fqvQif hJ k kd awmif vlomrefawG vkdufrrDEdkif&atmifygyJ/ aemuf q H k ; b0rS m yif crnf ; awmf oka'g"erif;BuD;udk a&Teef;awmftwGif;rSmyif tem*grf t&d,mtjzpfodkY ydkYaqmifay;cJhNyD; aemuf oHo&mrS vGwfajrmufatmif aus;Zl; qyfcJhygw,f/ r,fawmfjzpfcJhzl;wJh oEKdw ewfom; udkvnf; wm0wd HomewfwdkY&Gmtxd <uawmfrlum arG;aus;Zl;udkausatmifqyf EdkifcJhwmyg/ EdcsKd wuauR; arG;jrLcJwhJ rdaxG;awmf Yk dk f h a*gwrD u d k v nf ; Ed k Y E S p f v H k ; zd k ; ausH k w if r u tNrdKufedAmefaomifurf;txd ydkYaqmifay;NyD; aus;Zl;qyfcJhwmyg/ rdbaus;Zl; txl;odwwf NyD; aus;Zl;qyfwJh om;orD;awGxJrSm jrwfAk' &Sifawmfbk&m;udk rSDEdkifol r&Sdawmhygbl;/

tyrm'Mobmo (oxHk)

&wemjrwfoHk;yg;eJY wpf*dkPf;wnf; xm;&avmufatmif aus;Zl;*kPBf u;D rm;vdYk rdb ESpyg;udk qnf;uyfvyauR;jyKpjk cif;[m avmuD f k f r*Fvmwpfyg;&,fvdkY r*FvokwefrSm xnhfoGif; a[mMum;awmfrlcJhwmyg/ b,facwf b,fumv b,fvvrsKd ; kd l rSmrqdk om;orD;awG&JU vdktyfcsuf? cHpm;csuf awGukd em;tvnfEiq;kH yk*Kd vawG[m rdbawG kd f f ygyJ/ 'gayr,hf zcifxuf rdcifjzpfol tarwdi;f k u ydkr,fxifygw,f/ 'hgaMumihfyJ rmawm0g'qHk;rpm? om; a&TOqHk;rpm? om;a&TawmifqHk;rpmpwJh tqHk; trawGukd a&S;ynm&Siq&mawmfBu;D awGu zGUJ f oDcJhMuzl;ygw,f/ ur m h p mayavmuawG r S m qd k & if vnf; zcifawGeJYywfoufvdkY trSmpum;awG? ay;pmawG&SdcJhovdk rdcifawG&JU aus;Zl;awG? rSm wrf;awG udk,fpDudk,fpD&SdaeMuwmygyJ/ 'Dvdkrsm;jym;wJhtxJu armfvNrdKifNrdKU? zm;atmufawm&"r&dyfomrS ur|memp&d,? "ruxduq&mawmf t&Sifa&0wa[mMum;cJh a&;om;cJwhJ tar "Mother" qdwhJ t*Fvyf h k d pmvHk;aygif;&JU zGifhqdkcsufudk emMum;rSwfom; vkduf&vdkY trsm;udk rQa0cHpm;apvdkwmaMumihf udk,hfcHpm;rItwdkif; t"dym,fzGifhqdka&;zGJUNyD; azmfjyay;vkdufygw,f/ rl & if ; zG J U qd k a &;om;cJ h o l u awmh a[mif;0g'f*RefqifjzpfNyD; vGefcJhwJh (94) ESpf tMum (1915) ckESpfqDujzpfygw,f/
"M-O-T-H-E-R" "M" is for the million things she gave me, "O" means only that she's growing old, "T" is for the tears she shed to save me, "H" is for her heart of purest gold, "E" is for her eyes, with love-light shining. "R" means right, and right she'll always be, Put them all together, they spell "MOTHER". A word that means the world to me. Howard Johnson (C.1915)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

36
gabe me,

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

"M" is for the million things she

t"dym,f&wJh "old" qdwhJ pum;vH;k udk ud,pm; k k f jyKaomtm;jzihf tp pum;vHk;av;jzpfwJh 'O' om;udk taray;cJhwJh prf;a&yrm udk a&G;cs,fcJh&wmyg/ ararharwmawG om;&JUcRw,i;f csuf tm;enf; f G "T" is for the tears she shed to csuf nHzsi;f csuawGaMumihf b0rSm qH;k I;H rIawG save me, h f tMuyftwnf;awGeYJ &ifqiBf uKH awGUwJtcgwdi;f kd h k om;eJYnDav; nDrav;awG i,fpOf ukPmw&m;tjynhfeJY ESpfodrfhrIawG ay;cJhwJh b0u aqGrsdK;awGeJY ywf0ef;usifu rdom;pk tar &Hzef&Hcg om;&JUrcHcsifpdwfeJY BudK;yrf; pD;yGm;a&;udk iJhuGufvdkY om; orD;rsm;rsm; r,lzdkY tm;xkwfrIaMumihf rjzpfpavmuf atmifjrifrI tBuHjyKwJhtcgwkdif; tarjyefvnfacsycJhwJh tpd k Y t an m uf u av; awG U jrif & wmawmif pum;av;wpfcGef;udk tckt&G,fxd om;&JU em; tarhrsuEmrSm auseyfEpoufrI yDwtNyKH ;awG tmHkrSm pGJxifMum;a,mifaeqJygtar/ f S S f d eJY rk'wmyGm;aecJwmawG[m om;twGuawmh d h f tBuHay;vmolawGudk tarwkefYjyef razmfjyEdiavmufwhJ cGetm;opfawGukd wd;k ap wJh pum;u ]]uReri,fpOfarG;zGm;pOfu rdcifu k f f f cJhwm trSefyg/ wpfcgwpf&HrSmawmh tarjrif rD;wGi;f rSm qH;k yg;cJ&w,f/ b0c&D;rSm txD;usef h awGUcsifvSwJh atmifjrifrIyef;wdkifudk a&muf tm;i,fpGm jzwfoef;cJh&w,f/ tckudk,fwdkif atmif vrf;Tefjyoay;wmudkyJ ZGwftwif; rdcifjzpf&wJhb0rSm ukd,hfom; orD;awGudk waZmufuef;vkyvpweYJ ud,xif&mud,vyf b,f a wmh r S txD ; usef t m;i,f w J h b0rsd K ; f kd d f k f k f k jyefawmhvnf; olaumif;r,fxifvdkYvkyfwmyJ ra&mufap&bl;? nDtpfudkarmifESrawG odkuf avqdNk y;D Oayumpdwuav;eJY ESv;kH oGi;f ajzodrhf odkuf0ef;0ef;eJY pnf;pnf;vHk;vHk;&SdNyD; aysmfp&m f aecJhwmvnf; taryJav/ aumif;wJh rdom;pkb0udk zefw;D ay;csivyg}} vdYk f Ykd b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf om;i,fpOfupvdkY tar cH,lcsuftjynhfeJY tNrJwrf;ajymjywwf taray;qyfcJhwJh jyKpk,l,rIawG apmifha&Smuf ygw,f/ cJrawG? yifyef;qif;&JrawG axmufyrawGtm; h I I hH I om; orD;awGrsm;vdkY rdom;pkb0 vHk;[m udef;*Pef;csNyD; a&wGufjcif;iSm rpGrf; &SifoefapzdkY tazeJYtwl BudK;pm;kef;uefcJh&wJh EdiawmhvYkd twdi;f tq rcefre;f EdiwhJ tarh&UJ b0c&D;Murf;wpfavQmuf om; orD;awGudk k f k Y S k f ay;qyfrawGukd wefz;kd jrihrm;vSaom "million" taMumif;jyKNyD; 0rf;omvdkYrsuf&nfuscJh&wJh I f qdwhJ ta&twGujf ya0g[m&pum;vH;k udk ud,f rsuf&nfawG om; orD;awGaMumifhyJ 0rf;enf; k k pm;jyKaomtm;jzihf 'M' qdkwJh tppum;vHk;udk vdkY uscJh&wJh rsuf&nfawG rSwfrSwf&& om;&JU ,lNyD; "Mother" qdkwJh a0g[m&pum;vHk;&JU rvdrmrdurvwvy&yfaMumihf tar,lusKH ;r& k f J S hJ k f tprSm azmfjyxm;vkduf&wmyg/ uscJh&wJh rsuf&nfawG aqGrsdK;wpfcsdKU&JU rnm "O" means only that she's grow- rwm csdK;ESdrfajymqdkrIaMumihf rcHcsifpdwfeJY uscJh ing old. &wJh rsuf&nfpawG? 'DvdkESvHk;om;u dkufcwf om;udk pwifarG;zGm;vmcsdefupvdkY vmwJh cHpm;rItrsdK;rsdK;aMumihf ykvJrsuf&nfawG ynmoifwJht&G,f pD;yGm;&SmwJht&G,f tckvdk pD;qif;cJh&aomfvnf; om;wdkYpdwfysuftm;i,f rdom;pkb0wpfckudk ydkifqdkifaewJh tcsdef txd rSmpdk;vdkY t&m&mudk acgif;armh&ifqdkifEdkifpGrf;&Sd vlre,fy,ftoD;oD;rSm 0ifqatmif xde;f odr;f rI wJh tarh&JUrsuf&nfMum;u tm;rmefawGudk jrif I hH vrf ; T e f r I axmuf y H h p G e f Y B uJ r I a wG e J Y twl awGUavawmh "tears" qdwhJ pum;vH;k uav;udk k udk,fqif;&J pdwfyifyef;jcif;rsm;eJY ajrawmif yJ jrwfE;kd vGe;f vdYk ud,pm;jyKwtaeeJY tppum; k f hJ ajrmufjrihfwifay;cJhwJh tarhom; orD;awG vHk;av;jzpfwJh "T" udkyJ a&G;cs,fcJh&jyefygw,f/ vlvm;ajrmufNy;D ajr;awGuyg rarmEdif ryef;edif kd k k "H" is for her heart of purest acsmhjrLxdef;ausmif;aewJhtar? tck tar gold, ydkifqdkifcGihf&vmwmuawmh tdkrif;&ifha&mfvm oH;k avmuxGwxm; jrwfA'&iawmf f k S f &jcif;qdkwJh Z&m'kuawGyJ r[kwfvm; tar/ bk&m;\ *kPfaus;Zl;awmftaygif;onf xkwf 'DvdkeJYyJ tcsdefumv ,E&m;&JU 0g;NrdK azmfusL;&ifjh cif;iSm rwwfEi&ovdk ow0gtm; kd f rIatmufrSm wpeJYwptdkrif;&ifha&mfvmwJh vHk;wdkYtay: xm;&Sdaom r[mukPmawmfESihf tarh&JU kyfoGifudkjrifawGU&wJhtcg vGefqefvdkY arwmpGr;f yum;onfvnf; wdi;f csijfh yqdjk cif;iSm k r&wJh "red,mrudk oufaownf azmfjyvdkwJh rwwfaumif;aom tyrmParwm&SifBuD; twGuf toufBuD;&ifhaom tdkrif;aomvdkY jzpfawmfrlygw,f/ avmurSm tjzLpifqHk;aom

ESvHk;om;ydkif&SifBuD;ygyJ/ om; orD;awGtay:rSmxm;wJh rdcif wdkif;&JU ESvHk;om;rSm ,dkzdwfvmwJharwm"mwf awG[mvnf; ta&miftaoG;uif;rJMh uygw,f/ tar om;tay:rSmxm;cJwhJ arwm h w&m;awG [ mvnf ; prf ; a&yrmat;jr MunfvifvSygw,f/ ,cifvlrIb0e,fy,frSm usivnf vIy&m;cJpOfwe;f u pdwtvdaemuf f f S h k f k vk d u f y gNyD ; avoif h & mvd k u f y gpD ; arsmaewJ h om;qdk;om;rdkufBuD;udk zcifjzpfolu rsufESm vTJEdkifcJhayr,hf ylyefrIrsm;pGmeJY qif;&Jyifyef; ae&olu taryJav/ uHMurmqdwm BuKd wifrodEiayr,f k kd f vdkY uHpDrH&mudkawmh b,folrS jiif;y,fEdkifpGrf; r&SdMuygbl;/ aemufqHk;wpfaeYrSmawmh om; i,f p Of u wnf ; u cspf a Mumuf d k a ocJ h & wJ h oxHk NrdKUrSmaexdkifaom bdk;av;&JUvrf;TefrI aMumifhyJ vrf;rSm;uae vrf;rSefay:a&muf atmif tar qGJwifEdkifcJhw,fav/ vH;k 0arQmvihrxm;cJwhJ b0opfwpfck f f h udk wpfqpfcsdK;vdkYqdk&rSmxuf qefYusifbufvdkY ajym&if ydkoihfavsmfr,fxifygw,f/ edrfhuswJh vlrb0yHprS jrihjf rwftxufwef;uswhJ yAZw I k H d b0udka&mufatmif ydkYaqmifay;cJhwJh tarh arwmpGrf;u BuD;rm;vGef;vSygw,f/ aysmfarGU zdkY tvGefcufcJvSwJh b0opfrSm acwcPom vlBuD;rdbawG&JU qEjznhfqnf;ay;r,fvdkY rSw,cayr,hf aysmarGUaevkuwm q,fpEpf f l hJ f d f k S wpfckausmfvkdY omoemhysdK;cif;xJrSm O,smOfrSL; awmif jzpfaeyga&mhvm;tara&/ tar..tar[mav rdcifaumif; wpfOD;jzpfHkomru jrwfAk'&Sifawmfbk&m; tvdkus omoemhtarGcH jrihfjrwftxufwef; uswJ h b0awG u d k wuf v S r f ; &OD ; r,h f &[ef ; r,f a wmf b0ud k y g tvd k v d k c H , l N yD ; jzpf&ygNyDtar/ rdbwki;f rdbwdi;f &JU &ifxEv;kH om; d k J S xJrm om; orD;awGtay:xm;&Swarwmw&m; S d hJ awG &if;ES;D ay;qyfrawG[m tarQmuif;wJh pkef I f a&oabmyJ &SdwwfMuwmyg/ ta&miftaoG; uif;rJwhJ tpifMu,fq;kH toef&i;f qH;k ESv;kH om; h Y S ydkif&SifawGyg/ 'Dvdk a&TESvHk;om;ydkif&SifjzpfwJh tarh &JU aus;Zl;*kPukd xkwazmfvwmaMumihf ]ESv;kH f f kd k hJ om;} vdYk t"dym,f&wJh "Heart" qdwpum;vH;k av;&JU tp 'H' udyJ ud,pm;jyKpum;vH;k tjzpf k k f xyfrHa&G;cs,fcJh&jyefygw,f/ pmrsuf E S m 38 ok d Y

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

37
pkdufqkd;\ onfbk&if vlYjynfukdomjyefa&mufvQif/ t&ifuvkd uREkfyftm; xyfkdufOD;rnf omwum;/ okdYpOf;pm;rd uREkfyfrSm oifwkdYuJhodkY raysmfyg/ aMumufvefYum rsuf&nfus uREkfyfikdyg&/ Ak'avsmif;vsm &Sif;jy&Sm toifhaMumufpdwf azsmufvkdufyg/ olYkyfcEm oN*dK[fNyD; ajrjrKyfNyD;NyDwnf;/ xkdbk&ifBuD; aemufwpfcg b0a[mif;okdY jyefrvm/ wpfae&m&m b0opf wpfpkHwpf&m oGm;jzpf/

aZmfaemif

trkef;cH bk&ifwpfyg;
bk&iftopf om;awmfukd? vltm;vkH;u cspfMunfnKd/ axmufcHBuKdqkd obifusif; pm;MuaomufMu aysmfyGJcif;/ rif;npf&mZm uG,fvGef&m tm;vkH;0rf;ajrmuf aysmf&Tifcg/ wpfae&mwGif ikdaewum; wHcg;apmihf yguvm;/ olYtm;ar;Munhf taMumif;ukd toifbmaMumifh okdYikd/ usKyfzcifukd oifESarsm cspfvGrf; ikdoavm/ olujyefajymonfrSm oGm;avolBuD; rif;&mZm/ (jymom'fwuf&mwGif &Spfcsuf) (jymom'fqif;&mwGif &Spfcsuf) olYOD;acgif;ukd jyif;pGmESuf/ emcsufuawmh tvGefyg aywljzihf xkonfyrm/ tb,frSmvQif xkdoltm; uREyvr;f rnfvm;/ fk f G okdYygaomfjim; uREkfyfikd tvGefpkd;&drf aMumihfMuykd/ xkdbk&ifqkd; aocsmvS i&JaZmufxkd;us/ b0a[mif;u jyKovkd i&Jxdef;ukd jyKrnfqkd/ olYvkdyif i&Jom; tkdufcH&vdrfhwum;/ cH&zefrsm; roufom i&Jxdef;wdkY qkH;jzwf&m/ vlYjynfukdom jyefykdYvkduf a[m'D bk&ifrkduf/

a&S;oa&mtcg jynfAm&m? r[myd*Fv rif;jyKcg/ Ak'avmif;vsm xkdpOfu xkdbk&if\ om;awmfb0/ ol\tb &Sifbk&if &ufpufMurf;MuKwf rqifjcif/ olpdwfxif&m olvQifpkdif; jyKrlajymqkd tvGefkdif;/ yrmEIdif;u ajym&vQif BuHBudwfpufokdY olYzcif/ BuHyrmvQif vlawGtm; ESdyfpufuvl rw&m;/ Muifempdwfxm; uif;rhJpGm vlrqefaom rif;&mZm/ qif;&Jcsrf;om vltm;vkH; olYzcifukd tvGefrkef;/ aemufqkH;rSmawmh ewf&GmpH wkdif;oljynfom; atmifyGJcH/ b0*fvQHatmif a<u;aMumf[pf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om Muonhftjzpf/

pifppf oifomaMumufpdwfykd olrsm;aysmfpOf toifikd/ okdYqkdrS xkdvlt olYpdwf oufom&/ / twd w f \ yH k & d y f ,ck Zmwf u k d jrwf p G m bk & m; aZw0efausmif;awmf oDwif;ok;H ckuf a'0'wf d rkdufukdtaMumif;jyK a[mMum;awmfrljcif; jzpfygonf/ a'0'wfonf bk&m;&Sifukd&efNiKd;zGJY jcif;aMumihf aZw0efausmif;teD;yif ajrrsKd ao\/ xkdowif;ukdMum;&aom wkdif;oljynf om; vltrsm;wkdYonf a'0'wfrkduf aoudef; qkdufonfukd 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpfMuukef\/ xk d t aMumif ; uk d wpf c k a omw&m;obif &[ef;wkdYtcsif;csif;ajymqkdaeMu&m bk&m;&Sif <ua&mufvmNyD; taMumif;ukdar;aomf &[ef; wk d Y u rnf a om a'0'wf a jrrsKd c H & jcif ; twGuf vlewfjA[mow0gtm;vk;H 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;om jzpfMu&jcif;taMumif;ukd ajymqkdae aMumif;yg [k bk&m;&Siftm;avQmufxm;&m bk&m;&Sifu a'0'wfonf a&S;uvnf; aocJh zl;onf&Sd\/ xkdtcgvnf; vltrsm;ESpfouf &Tifvef;jzpfcJh zl;ayonf[l twdwfukdaqmif awmfrlygonf/ a&S ; tcgu Am&mPoD j ynf w G i f r[myd*Fvrif; rif;jyK bk&m;tavmif;onf xk d b k & if \ om;awmf j zpf \ / xk d b k & if o nf tvG e f &uf p uf M urf ; MuKwf o jzih f jynf o l

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

38

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/ r[kw?f rdom;pktay:rSmyg wpfzufowftjrif eJY ajymqdkykwfcwfvmvQifvnf; rSefwJhtwkdif; &J&J0Hh0Hh jyefvnfajz&Sif;EdkifpGrf;vnf; &Sdwwfyg w,f/ tJ'DvdktcgrsdK;rSm &J&ifhwJhtoGifeJY xufjrufpl;&SaewwfwJh tarhrsuf0ef;tpHk[m tm;rmefawGtjynfh&SdaeyHkygyJtar/ om; orD;awG odkufodkuf0ef;0ef;eJY aysmf & T i f p &mrd o m;pk b 0ud k v nf ; tar[m wG , f w mcH k r if v G e f ; ol y g/ ajymwJ h t wk d i f ; yJ armifESrawGudk udk;a,mufwdwd tarzefwD; ay;EdkifcJhw,fav/ wpfjcm;rdom;pkawGrm&SwhJ om; orD; S d ESpfOD; oHk;OD;twGuf 0efydvScsnf&JUvdkY nnf;nL aeMucsdefrSm taruawmh tNyHK;rysufcJhygbl;/ t&dyfwMunhfMunhfeJY auseyfaewwfwJh tarh &J U yD w d r suf 0 ef ; awG r S m arw m tvif ; awG awmufyaeNrJygyJav/ reufu nrsdK;csKyfwdkif rsm;jym;vSwJh td r f r I u d p a wG a Mumih f wpf c gwpf & H yif y ef ; EGr;f e,faewJtarhrsu0ef;tpH[m tm;i,fpwf h f k d ysufrIyHkpHrsdK; b,fawmhrS rawGUjrif&wwfwm vnf; xl;jcm;csufwpfckygyJtar/ b,favmufyJ tdrfrIudprsm;rsm; rnfrQyif qif;&Jyifyef;armyef;aeygap om; orD;awG&JU wdk;wufatmifjrifrIudkvdkvm;wJh tar&JUrsuf0ef;awGuawmh arwm"mwfawG tpOfudef;atmif;aew,fqdkwm ul;pufcHpm; &ygw,ftar/ 'D v d k a rw m a&mif a wG jynh f v Qrf ; awmufyaewwfNrJjzpfwJh tarh&JUrsuf0ef;tpHk udk azmfTef;jyqdkvdkwJhtwGuf ]rsufvHk;} vdkY t"dym,f&wJh 'Eye' qdkwJh pum;vHk;xJu tp jzpfwJh 'E' pmvHk;uav;udk udk,fpm;jyKxkwf aqmifcJh&jyefygw,f/
"R" means right and right she'll always be,

trsm;u if;ukd &GUH rke;f Mu\/ olonf vlxtm; k BuHudk BuHBudwfpufwGif;odkYxnfh Budwfbd ouJhodkY ESdyfpuf\/ if;aovGefaomf jynfol vlxkwpf&yfvkH; taysmfBuD;aysmfMu\/ raysmf Ek d i f o l u cyf v S r f ; vS r f ; &S d a eaom wH c g; apmifhjzpf\/ olYukd olrsm;aysmf aeonhftcsdef bmaMumih f r aysmf b J id k a e&oenf ; [k ar;Munh\/ bk&ifBu;D onf eef;jymom'ftwuf f wGif &Spcsu?f tqif; &Spf csuf ol\OD;acgif;ukd f xkESufkdufykwfoGm;avh &Sd\/ ol\kdufcsufrSm tvG e f y if j yif ; xef v G e f ; ayay:wif N yD ; wlESihftxkcH&ovkd tvGefemvS ygonf/ ,ck xkdbk&ifBuD;uG,fvGefaomf i&JjynfodkY usrnf aocsmygonf / od k Y a omf vl Y j ynf r S m uJ h o d k Y i&Jxdef;wdkYtm; jyKvkyfaomf i&Jxdef;wkdYonf rcHEionhtqk;H if;ukvjYl ynfojYdk yefywef&m dk f f d Ydk onf/ vlYjynfodkYjyefa&mufygu ,cifwkef;u vkyif rdrtm; jyefvnfESypufrnfudk pk;d &dr d d d f f ikdjcif;jzpfygonf[k jyef&Sif;jyavonf/ xkdtcg bk&m;tavmif;u if;ukd &S i f ; jyawmf r l o nf / (oif h a Mumuf p d w f u k d y,f a zsmuf y pf y g/ ,ck ol o nf aooG m ; NyDjzpf ol\kyfcEmBuD;ukd ajrjrKyfoN*dK[fNyD; jzpf y gonf / xk d b k & if o nf wpf j cm;aom b0wpf c k o d k Y a&muf o G m ;ygvd r f h r nf / b0 a[mif;odkY jyefr&Ekdifawmhyg/ trSefawmh oifhtaejzihf aMumufpdwfykd olrsm;aysmf ouJ h o d k Y raysmf E k d i f b J id k a e&jcif ; jzpf o nf ) xk d o k d Y & S i f ; jyaomtcgrS wH c g;apmih f o nf pdwcsr;f om&m&um &,fEiNf yK;H Ekiygawmhonf/ f dk d f Zmwf a ygif ; vQif a'0'wf o nf xkdtcgu yd*Fvrif;jzpfNyD; igbk&m;um; yd*Fv rif;\om;awmfjzpfzl;ay\[k Zmwfaygif;awmf rlygonf/ aZmf a emif usrf ; uk d ; r[myd*vZmwf F ig;&mhig;q,fZmwfawmf anmifuefq&mawmf pmrsuf E S m 36 rS
"E" is for her eyes, with lovelight shining,

tp&S d w J h rvd k v m;tyf a om ud p & yf r sm;rS aemufqufwGJjzpfay:vmEdkifaom qdk;usdK;rsm; udk rjrifawGUvdwtwGuf tusKd ;udvvm;aom k hJ k kd yifu,pw&if;jzihf [efwm;ajymqdjk cif;? ydwyif kd f d f Y f wm;qD;jcif;? qlylBudrf;armif;jcif;awG &Sdaumif; &SdEdkifMuygw,f/ &Sdvnf;&SdcJhzl;ygw,f/ udk,hftvdkqE ,lqyHktjcif;t&m awG rwlnD qefYusifzufjzpfaevdkY om; (orD;) awGbufu ,lqaumif; ,lqMurSmygyJ/ 'gay r,hf tarb,fawmhrS rrSm;ygbl;/ om; (orD;) awG&UJ aumif;usKd ;jzpfxe;f rIuom tpOfvvm; G kd kd awGUjrifvdkwJhtar[m tNrJwrf;w&m;ojzihf rSefNyD;&if; rSefaewmygyJ/ urmavmuBuD;wpfckvHk;rSm ae&m a'o vlrsdK; bmomw&m; pwmawG rwlnD uGJjym;Muayr,fh rdcifwdkif;&JU&ifxJu apwem trSefeJY ajymqdkqHk;rrIawGtm;vHk;[m tNrJwrf; rSeuefaeMuw,fqwm ,Hrm;p&m rvdtyfwhJ f kd k S k trSefw&m;ygyJ/ om; (orD;) awGeJY ywfoufvm&if tNrJrSefuefaumif;rGefwJh tusdK;w&m;awGudk &apvdkwJh tarh&JUpdwf&if;apwemtrSefw&m; udk rSwwrf;wifxwazmfvwmaMumihf ]rSeuef f k f kd f aom}? ]w&m;rQwaom} vdkY t"dym,f&wJh 'Right' qdkwJhpum;vHk;udk udk,fpm;jyKaomtm; jzihf tp 'R' pmvH;k uav;udyJ aemufq;kH taeeJY k a&G;cs,fcJh&jyefygw,f/
Put them all together, they spell "Mother"

tar..tarhrSm wpfrlxl;jcm;wJh tjyKtrlav;awG &Sdaewmudkawmh tBuD;qHk; jzpfwJhom;u ydkvdkYowdjyKrd&ygw,f/ tar[m ajym&if a jymwJ h t wk d i f ; waoGrwdrf; jyKrlwwfwJholyg/ rdrdtay:om

]]"are ykwH rmaewDwd rmwm}} "are- w&m;ojzihf? ykwH- &ifrSjzpf aom om;udk? rmaewd- ,k,ydkufaxG;jrwfEdk; wwf\? wd wom- xdktaMumif;aMumihf tarqdkwJh *kPfyk'fudk ydkifqdkifcGihf&aeMuolawG ygyJ/ ]]w&m;ojzihf}} ("are) vdkY 0daooe wyfNyD; Tef;qdk&wmuawmh rdrdarG;zGm;cJh&wJh om; (orD;) ab;'kuwpfckckjzpfrSm? udk,fvuf t*Fg wpfckckxdcdkufemusifoGm;rSm? taygif; toif;rSm;,Gi;f rSm? tusipm&dwysup;D oGm;rSm? fh f trItcif;eJBY uKH awGU&rSm? use;f rma&; ynma&;

a&G;cs,fxm;cJhwJh tppmvHk;uav; awGtm;vHk;udk tpOftwdkif;twlwuGxm;vdkY pmvH;k aygif;vkur,fqvQiawmh "Mother", d f kd f ]]tar}} qdkwJh pum;vHk;a0g[m&jzpfay:vmcJh ygawmhw,f/ avmuBuD;xJrSm taMumif;trsdK;rsdK; aMumihf rdcif0w&m;rausyGefolawG &Sdaumif; &SrmygyJ/ 'gayr,hf 'Dpmpkrmawmh rdcifqefve;f d S S G aom rdcifaumif;awGudk &nfTef;vsuf *kPf aus;Zl;tcsKd Uudk om;orD;jzpfaeMuolawGtm;vH;k owdjyKIjrifvsuf arG;aus;Zl;udk txl;odwwf aus;Zl;jyKwwfoawG jzpfMuygapvdYk qErejf zihf l G (pmpkjzihf 2009 ckESpf? ZE0g&Dv (1) &ufaeYwGif uG,fvGeftedpa&mufcJhaom aus;Zl;BuD;rsm; arG;ordcif a':TefYTefYa0tm; rSwfrSwf&& aus;Zl;qyfyg\/) uwnKw uwa0'D r*Fvmw&m; ES i h f jynh f p H k M uygap/ ty r m' Mobmo (oxH k )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

39

2 ]]avmuNir;f csr;f rIEihf om,mpnfyifzNYGH zKd ;wk;d wufr&&Sap&ef}} Ak' "rw&m;xGe;f um;a&;? avmuygvw&m;ukd avmuom;tm;vk;H d S I d
ESvkH;oGif;vufcHusifhokH;EkdifMuapa&; vkdtyfygrnf/ 2 pmrsuEmae&mwGi?f q&mBu;D OD;a&Tatmif\ ]]Ak'avmuom;wk\ tEIi;f rJaus;Zl;&Sif (uk,usiA'0if)}}rS yg&rDawmfrsm;ukd f S Yd d h d f hf k jznfhusifhawmfrljcif;}} tykdif;\ tESpfxJrS tESpftpktcsKdUukd zwfrSwfvG,fulusifhokH;Ekdifap&ef a&G;xkwfazmfjyjcif;jzpfygonf/ t,f'DwmtzJGY
Oayu m yg & rD jrifhjrwfolrsm;taejzihf avmu\tusKd; pD;yGm;udkaqmif&Guf &mwGif avmu"H\xk;d ESucsuf [lorQukd avmu\rsuEmudaxmuf f f S k BuhHBuHhcHNyD;? rdrd\vkyfief;udk rsufjcnfrjywfaqmif&GufzdkYvdkyg\/ xkdodkYaqmif&Guf&mwGif t&yfoHk;a0g[m&jzifh ajymygu ]pm;vnf;'Dpdwf? oGm;vnf;'Dpdwf? tdyfvnf; 'Dpdwf}[laompdwfxm; rsKd;jzihfom aqmif&Guf&rnf jzpf\/ xkoYkd aqmif&urom Oayumyg&rDukd jznfusifh &ma&muf\/ d G f S h trSeftm;jzifh Oayumyg&rD [lonfrSm ywf0ef;usifrS dkufcwfvmaom aumif; usKd; qdk;jypfrsm;ukd vspfvsLINyD;? avmu\tpD;tyGm; twGuf rdrdtvkyfudkom vkyfNrJtwdkif; rzifhrETJbJ qufvufvkyfjcif;jzpf\/ wpf e nf ; tm;jzih f q d k & vQif avmu\ rsuf E S m ud k i J h u m tjcm;udktmHkrpdkufbJ? rdrd\ tvkyfudkom tmHkpdkufNyD; vkyfjcif;jzpf\/ tjcm;udk tmHkrpdkufjcif;udkyif ]vspfvsLIjcif;}}qdk\/ avmu"HESifhawGYBuHK&m rwkefvIyfzdkYta&;BuD;\ vkyfief;rsm;udkvkyf&mwGif avmu"Hw&m; &Spfyg;udk rvTJraoG awGYBuHK&rnfjzpfav&m? avmu"Hw&m;rsm;ESifhawGYBuHKwdkif; rdrdwdkY\ vkyief;ESiywfouf OD;wnfcsufvGJroGm;zdkYvdk\/ f hf avmu"H w &m;&S p f y g;wG i f om,mp&m av;yg;yg0if rom,mp&mu av;yg;yg0if\/ om,mp&muvnf; om,mp&m tavsmuf ? rom,mp&muvnf ; rom,mp&m tavsmuf OD;wnfcsufudkvGJoGm;apEdkif\/ om,mp&m om,maejcif ; onf avmboabm&d S \ / rom,mp&m rom,mjcif;onf a'gooabm&dS\/ avmbES i f h a'goonf tE&m,fyifjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh avmu"HESihf awGYBuHK&mwGif vspfvsLIzdkY ta&; BuD;\/ rwkefrvIyfzdkY ta&;BuD;\/ aumif;aomoabmjzihf rdrdukd cs;D ajrmufaomaMumifh ,if;cs;D ajrmufr om,mvQivnf; rdr\vkyief; I f d f twG u f t E & m,f y if jzpf \ / raumif ; aom oabmjzih f rd r d u d k ESrcsaomaMumifh ,if;Edrcsr rom,mvQivnf; rdr\ vkyief;twGuf d hf S hf I f d f tE&m,fyifjzpf\/ tE&m,fjzpfvmvQif vkyfief;onf ysufawmh rnfjzpf\/ xdaMumihf tE&m,frjzpf&avatmif avmu"HEifh awGBY uKH av Yk S wdkif; vspfvsLIEdkifzdkYvdk\/ rwkefrvIyf jzpfzdkYvdk\/ oaAowm uroum rdk;&Gmaomtcg rkd;onf rdrdpGrf;tm; &dSoavmuf &Gmay; vd k u f \ / tm;vH k ; tay: rQwpG m &G m ay;jcif ; jzpf \ / onf u d k orbm0'e}[l nDrQaomoabmmtm;jzihfIjcif; ]orbm0'e} qkd\/ odYk&mwGif rdk;a&udk &&dS&mum; wpfckESifhwpfck rwlMuacs/ &m0iftdk;uvnf; &Gm0iftdk;tavsmufjynfh\/ q,f0iftkd;uvnf; q,f0iftdk;tavsmufjynfh\/ rdk;&Gmonfuawmh tjynfht0yifjzpf\/ tm;vHk; tay: nDwlnDrQyifjzpf\/ odkYjzpfav&m rdk;taejzihf cGJjcm;jcif;r&dS/ odkY&mwGif rdk;a&udk &&d S & mum; nD w l r Qwl r jzpf ? t&rsm;jcif ; ES i f h t&enf ; jcif ; onf cH,lEdkifaom tiftm;tay:wnf\/ xdkYaMumihft&rsm;aomae&mu t&rsm;\/ t&enf;aom ae&mu t&enf;\/ olwdkY\tiftm;t& olwkYdcH,lEdkifoavmuf &jcif;omjzpf\/ rdk;uray;awmhr[kwf/ xkdodkYay;&m rkd;taejzifh tm;vHk;tay: aMumihfMupdkufjcif;um; twlwljzpfav\/ oabmtwdkif;yif Oayumyg&rDt& rdrdudk cspfaomolrsm; ESihf rdrukd rke;f aomolrsm;\ tusK;d pD;yGm;udk aqmif&u&m txl;tjcm; d G f r&dS/ twltrQ wGifus,fjzpfxGef;atmif aqmif&Gufay;onfomjzpf\/ odkY&mwGif tusKd;w&m;udk&&dS&mum; twljzpfcsifrSjzpf\/ olwdkY\ ]uH}t&omolwdkY &Murnfjzpf\/ ]uH}BuD;olrsm;u rsm;rsm;&? ]uH} i,folrsm;u enf;enf;&rnfjzpf\/ onf u d k y if ] oaA o w m ur o um} tm;vH k ; aom ow0gwdkYonf uHomvQif rdrdwdkY\Opm&dSukef\[l qkd&\/ Oayumyg&rDyg0ifonfh tydkif;ESpfykdif; Oayu m yg&rD vspf v sLI j cif ; tyd k i f ; ES i h f vspf v sLrI b J aMumihfMupdkufjcif;tydkif;[l tydkif;ESpfydkif;yg0ifonfukd oabm ayguftyf\/ tydi;f ESpyi;f wGif vspvsLIjcif;tydi;f udk ]tusK;d ydi;f }[l k f kd f k k qk d & \/tusKd ; yd k i f ; onf ]tew } ES i f h ywf o uf \ / aMumih f M upd k u f jcif ; tyd k i f ; ud k ]taMumif ; yd k i f ; }[l qd k & \/ taMumif ; yd k i f ; onf ]tw}ESiywfouf\/ hf Oayumyg&rD\taMumif;ydkif; Oayu m yg&rD o nf taMumif ; yd k i f ; (tw oabm)t& rdrtm;cs;D rGr;f olEihf rdrtm; uJ&UJ ol ESprsK;d vH;k yg0ifaom xkxow0gwd\ d S d h f d dk Yk tusKd;pD;yGm;udk jzpfxGef;atmifaqmif&Guf&m qEudkvnf; 'dyg'f xdkufatmiftm;xkwf\? pdwudkvnf; 'dyg'fxdkuf atmif tm;xkwf\? 0D & d , ud k v nf ; 'd y g'f x k d u f a tmif tm;xk w f \ ? 0D r H o ud k v nf ; 'dyg'fxdkuf atmif tm;xkwf\? enf;enf;rQravsmh/ onfrSm taMumif;ydkif; rdrd\tvdktwdkif; jzpf&avatmif aMumifhMupdkufonfh oabmjzpf\/ odkY&mwGif Oayumyg&rDt& rdrdtaejzihf rnfrQyifaMumifhMu pd k u f a pumrl ? xk d x k d o w 0 grsm;taejzif h tusKd ; ud k &&d S & mrl rdrd&apcsifonfhtwdkif; &Muonfr[kwf/ tewoabmt& olwdkY\uH twdkif;om olwdkY&Murnfjzpf\/

The Noble Advice ever given to Mankind

By Dhamma Vi-ra Thandar Aung , ITBM University, Yangon,

vlom;wdtwGuf tjrihjf rwfq;kH aom b0vrf;Tef Yk

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THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

raumif ; rI [ l o rQud k rjyK&m? uk o k d v f a umif ; rI E S i h f jynh f p H k a p&m\? rd r d \ pd w f u d k j zLpif a p&m\/ onf u m; bk & m;&S i f w d k Y \ tqH k ; traywnf ; /

. Not to do any evil. (Sabba papassa akaramam ) To cultivate good. (Kusalassa Upasampada) . To purify one's mind. (Sacitta-pariyodapanam ) This is the advice of the Buddhas.(etam buddhana . sasanam )