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jzefYcsda&;
vIiMf unfjzL"r0&pmaywkuf d D d zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufwwm;NrKd e,f? &efueNf rKd /YU H U k zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEav;) zke;f 02-39801

Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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EDITORIAL
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trSm;w&m;z,f&Sm; trSefw&m;ukd odEkdifMuygap

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csrSwfawmfrlxm;ayonf/ tpmtm[m&onf b0&yf w nf &S i f o ef a &;twG u f r&S d r jzpf vd k t yf o vd k oHk;aqmif&mwGifrl Pf,SOfqifjcif pm;oHk; &ayonf/ tpmonf aq;jzpfovdk tpmonf yif ab;jzpfEdkifonfyif/ tpmvnf; aq;? aq;vnf; tpm? tpm;rawmf wpfvkwfabmZerwnL-tpmpm;&m twdkif;t&SnfyrmPudk odyg/ (c) Ak'omoemh0efxrf; &Si&[ef;wdonf f Yk tvSLcHyk*dKvfrsm;jzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf ]]y&'wLyZD0duyk*dKvfrsm;}} jzpfonf/ y&'wLy ZD0du [lonf olwpfyg;wdkYu ay;vSLjcif;udk trSjD yK touf&i&yfwnf&olrsm;[k qdvay S f k kd onf/ udk,fydkifypnf;r&Sd? tdk;? tdrf wdkufwm r&Sd? y&dabm*awGr&Sd? ZeD;? r,m;? orD;? om;awGr&Sd/ tem*g&du-tdrf&mrwnfaxmif aom yk*dKvfrsm; jzpfav\/ C&m0go..td r f & mwnf a xmif avmuDvabmifrmaexkiMf uNy;D tdraxmifom; Yl S d f arG ; ? jcES , f a jr ; aom vl a &;vl & mrsm;pG m pnf;pdrfOpmESihf aexdkifMuaom vl 'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkYu tm*g&rkedo'gw&m;&SdolwdkYu omoemh0efxrf;&Sif&[ef;wdkYtm; vSL'gef;Mu& avonf/ t"dutm;jzifh qGr;f ? ouFe;f ? ausmif;? aq;[laom ypnf;av;yg; vSL'gef;Mu&av onf/ o'gMunfvif yg&rD&SifwdkYu ypnf; 0wKrsm; axmufyHhvSL'gef;jcif; yp,mEk*['ge jyKMu&avonf/ tvSLcHyk*dKvf &[ef;oHCm awmfwu w&m;"rjzihf jyefvnfaus;Zl;qyfMu Ykd &avonf/ "rmEl*[ w&m;jzih axmufyHhcsD; ajrmufjcif;trIukd arwma&SUxm; jyKMu&av onf/ 'g,um 'g,d u mrwd k Y u ]]arw m pd w f o uf ? aqmif & G u f cspf c if ? cif r if E I w f c sd K ? vd k v Qif zd w f M um;? wwf t m;vS L ap? 0wf i g;axG ? jyKav 'g,um..}}qd 'g,um..}} k o nf h t wd k i f ; arw m pd w f t&if;cHjzifh cspfcifMunfndKjcif;? EIwf >ruf? EI w f x G u f c sd K omaompum;rsm;jzih f quf q H &jcif; ]]vdktyfonfrsm; trdefY&Sdyg..}} pojzihf zGifh[avQmufxm; zdwfMum;&jcif;? rdrdwwfpGrf; oavmuf vSL'gef;jcif;wdkYudk jyKMuavonf/ 'g,um 'g,dumrwdkY\ 0w&m;ig;yg; ausyGef &ayonf/ xktwlyif tvSLcHy*Kd v&[ef;oHCm Yd k f awmfwdkYuvnf; rdrdwdkY\ ypnf;av;yg; 'g, um 'g,dumrrsm;tm; q&mh0w&m; (&[ef; 0w&m;) ajcmufyg;wdkYjzihf jyefvnfaus;Zl;qyf csD;ajrmuftyfMuayonf/ &[ef ; oH C m (q&m) usih f 0 wf ajcmuf y g;rS m ]]raumif ; jrpf u m? aumif ; &m T e f v pf ? topf a [mMuL? emzl ; xyf r H ? ewf x H w if & m? arw m vnf ; jyK? &[ef ; rI ? ajcmufckvGefaocsm}} [k qdkxm;csuftwdkif; ab;tE&m,f&Sdonfh udp rsm;-tyg,fav;yg; vm;a&mufaMumif; tukovf 'kpdkufw&m;rsm; dk rjyKvk y f & ef wm;jrpf j cif ; ? ewf & G m ok * wd r S edAmeftxd a&muf&SdapEdkifonhf udprsm;udk Tefjyay;jcif;? w&m;"rtopf tqef;rsm;udk emMum;cG i h f & atmif a[mMum; ay;jcif ; ? a[mMum;NyD ; aom w&m;rsm;ud k v nf ; rSwro&ausnufap&ef xyfra[mMum;ay;& f d d dS H jcif;? ewfjynfa&mufaMumif; ukovvrf;aMumif; kd f udk jyKvkyfapjcif;? arwm bm0emyGm;rsm; ay;&jcif; wdkYudk rvTJraoG jyKusihfMu&ayonf/ odrom ESpO;D ESp0 wm0efausyeMf uayvdrrnf/ Yk S f f G hf (*) *d[derkyum&meH? edprmrdo 'ge awm/ ua&mx "r'gaee? awoH ypL yum&wH/ (Ak ' 0 H o ? t|uxm) t"dym,fum; tdrfaeolvl 'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkYonf &[ef;oHCmwdkYtm; tNrJedp tmrdo'ge vSL'gef;Muojzihf aus;Zl;rsm;Muukef \/ xdaus;Zl;&Sif vl'g,um? 'g,dumrrsm;tm; k

(u) ]]oaAowm tm[m&Xddwdum-}} ow 0 gwd k Y o nf tpmtm[m&ud k wnf r S D touf & S n f &yf w nf & avonf / tpm tm[m&onf vlom;awGtygt0if ouf&Sd ow0gtm;vHk;wdkYtwGuf r&Sdrjzpf vdtyfaom t&mjzpfonf/ ]]xrif;touf (7) k &uf? a& touf wpfreuf}} [laom jrefrm qdkdk;pum;yif &Sdonf/ xrif; (tpmtm[m&) rpm;bJ (7) &ufom aeEdkifonf/ a&onfum; raomufbJ wpfreufomaeEdkifonf..[k tMurf;zsOf; em;vnf&onf/ >cif;csufawmh &SdEdkifygonf/ rnfodkYjzpfap ]tpm} onf vlom;wdkY twGuf t"duta&;BuD;aMumif; xif&Sm;yg onf/ tpmtwGuf pm;zdtwGuf tvkyvyae Yk f k f Mu&onf/ tpm;wpfvwtwGuf tvkyyae k f f I f Muonf/ vlwdkYwGif pm;a&;? 0wfa&;? aea&;? use;f rma&;[l ta&;av;yg;&S&mwGif pm;a&; d ud p o nf tpOD ; jzpf o nf / b0&S i f o ef a &; twGuf t"duvdtyfcsujf zpf\/ vlawGomru k Ak'omoemh0efxrf; &Si&[ef;wdonfvnf; pm;? f Yk 0wf? aea&;? use;f rma&;[laom ta&;av;yg; tav;xm;Mu&onfyif/ pm;zdkYtwGuf qGrf;? cJz,?f abmZOf? 0wfa&;twGuf ouFe;f ? aea&; G twGuf ausmif;ocFrf;? usef;rma&;twGuf aq;ypnf;rsm; vdktyfonfyif/ odkY&mwGif oH;k aqmifcpm;&mwGif pnf;urf;csuawG&onf/ H f dS uefYowfcsufawG&Sdonf/ aygvQifaygovdk bHk;abmvatm oHk;aqmifcGifhr&Sd/ &SmazG&m? oHk;aqmif&m..ponfwdkYwGif uefYowfcsuf? pnf;urf;csuf 0denf;odumyk'fawG Ak'bk&m;u

FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ &[ef;oHCmrsm;u aus;Zl;qyfaomtm;jzifh w&m;"ra[mMum;jyoay;jcif; "r'getrI jyKMu&rnf..[ljzpfonf/ &Si&[ef;wdonf tvSLcHy*Kd v[k qdk f Yk k f aomfvnf; twkdif;twmyrmPudk od&rnf/ twdi;f twmyrmPodNy;D tvSLcH&efuom Ak' k kd bk&m;rdefYMum;awmfrlyg\/ twdkif;twm (2) rsdK; (1) tvSLcH&m twdi;f twmodjcif;/ k (2) pm;aomufo;kH aqmif&m twki;f d twmudkodjcif;/ (1) tvSLcH,l&m twdkif;twmod jcif;/ u/ vSLzG,f0wKtjynhftpHk&Sdaomf vnf; tvSL&Sifu o'gw&m;enf;yg;aevQif tenf;i,fom tvSLcH&onf/ c/ tvSL&Sifu o'gw&m;aumif; trsm;tjym; vSL'gef;vdaomfvnf; vSLzG,ypn;f k f u enf;yg;aevQif o'gw&m;udk iJhnm enf; enf;om tvSLcH&onf/ */ tvS L &S i f u vnf ; o' g w&m; aumif;NyD; trsm;tjym;vSLcsif? vSLzG,fypnf; uvnf; trsm;tjym;yif&aomfvnf; tvSLcHu dS rdrtwki;f twmudovsuf rQwvHavmufom d d k d k kH tvSLcH&onf/ (C) tpm;tpm? abmZOf r S m wd k i f ; wm od & rnf / y#docFga,medaom yd@ygwH y#d ao0grd? ae0 '0g, e r'g, e r@em, e 0d b l o em,? ,m0a'0 rum, Xd w d , m ,myem,? 0d [ d H o l y &w d , m jA[p&d,m El*[m,? wdyl&mPmea0'eH y#docFgrd? e0 a0'eH e Oyga'mrd? ,Mwmp ar b0dwd? te0Zwm p zmok0d[ma&mp/ y#docFga,medaom tm[m&H tm[m a&,smodoih f a vsmf p G m ES v H k ; oG i f ; ynmjzih f qif j cif tpmtm[m& oH k ; aqmif & m\/ &SmrSD;&m\/ earmor m or K ' b' E Z ed E o m& (rH k & G m aeZm)

Ak'*wum D d
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) or[kv bduK 0wK

Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0wdjynf aZw0efausmif;awmf aeawmfrlaomtcg olwyg;ukd y&dwfowfrsm;onfukd jiLplukefaom &[ef;wkdYukd taMumif;jyK ]]e0gu&Prawe}} paom ESpf*gxmukd a[mawmfrl\/ e 0gu&Prawe? 0Paygu&wm, 0g/ om"k layg ea&m a[mwd? kuD rp&D oaXm/ , apwH orkpdEH? rlvCpH orl[wH/ o 0Ea'gaom ar"m0D? ]]om"klayg}} wd 0kpwd/ jref r muAsm tajymaumif;x qif;vSkHrl? 0efwkdaumufuspf wqpfjiLpl? w&m;rsm; ukd,ftm;udef;ol? pOfrSwfaMumif; olaumif;rjzpfol/
Not by more eloquence, nor by beautiful apperance does a man become "goodnatured", should he be jealous, selfish, and deceitful.

pum;ajy/ / ajyjypfom,m aumif;pGmpum; ajymMum;umrQjzifhvnf;aumif;? tqif;vSy pum;ajy wifhw,fjcif;&SdkHrQjzifhvnf;aumif;? jiLpl0efwkd wpfukd,faumif;BuHum aumufuspfpOf;vJol jzpfaevQif aumif;aomoabm&Sdaom vlwpfa,mufrjzpf/ jref r muAsm tMuifoltm; wpfyg;jiLpl? pOf;vJaumufuspf tjrpfEIwf,l? axG;NyD;tefvpf tjypf&Sdol? ynm&Sd jzpfbdolaumif;[l/
But in whom these are wholly cut off, uprooted, and extinct, that wise man who has cast out hatred is indeed called "good-natured".

pum;ajy/ / tMuifyk*Kdvftm; jiLpljcif;? 0efwkdpOf;vJaumufuspfjcif;wkdYukd (t&[wr*f pum;ajy jzifh) jzwfawmufum tjrpfygjyKwfatmif EIwftyf\/ axG;teftyfNyD;aom tjypf&Sdaom xkdynm&Sdukd aumif;aomoabm&Sdaom olawmf aumif;[k qkdtyf\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

f b0&SprsK;d tusK;d ay;aomtvSL

H &SifP(zsmyk)
t*FkwdK&fygVdawmf? t|uedygwf(4) 'ge0*fyrokwfwGif ]'gEkyywdw&m;} &Spfyg; &SdaMumif;udk jrwfpGmbk&m; tus,ftm;jzihf a[mMum;awmfrlcJhonf/ 'gEkyywd\ t"dyg,f rSm tvSLaMumihfaemuftcg &&Sdrnfh ]b0y#d oaE} yifjzpfonf/ tvSLaMumihf&&Sdrnfh b0 y#doaErSmvnf; &SpfrsKd;&Sdonf/ ,if;b0y#d oaEtusKd;ay;rI &SpfrsKd;udk tpGJjyKvsuf? tvSL 'geudk &SpfrsKd;cGJjcm;jcif;jzpfayonf/ &SpfrsKd; uGJjym;yHkudk tusOf;aumufEIwfjy&aomf (1) vlYb0 <u,f0csrf;omaom olrsm;udk jrif? xdkoluJhodkY vlcsrf;omb0 &&Sd &ef qkawmif;ywemjyKum? oDvcH,laqmuf wnfNyD; tvSL'gejyKaomaMumihf aovGefaom tcg vlcsrf;omb0 &&Sdjcif;? (2) pwk r [m&mZf ? ewf r sm;onf wefcdk;pnf;pdrfcsrf;omBuD;rm;rsm;jym;onf[k Mum;od&ojzihf xdkpwkr[m&mZf ewfjynf ewftjzpf&&Sd&ef qkawmif;ywemjyKum oDv cH,laqmufwnfNyD; tvSL'gejyKaomaMumihf aovG e f a omtcg pwk r [m&mZf e wf j ynf ewfb0&&Sdjcif;? (3) wm0wd Homewfrsm;onf pwk r[m&mZf ewfrsm;xufyif ydkrkd wefcdk;pnf; pdrfcsrf;omBuD;rm; rsm;jym;onf[k Mum;od&o jzihf xdkwm0wd Homewfjynf ewftjzpf &&Sd &ef qkawmif;ywemjyKum oDvcH,laqmuf wnfNyD; tvSL'gejyKaomaMumihf aovGefaom tcg wm0wd Homewfjynf ewfb0&&Sdjcif;/ (4) ,mrmewf r sm;onf wef c d k ; pnf;pdrfcsrf;omBuD;rm; rsm;jym;vSonf[k Mum; od&ojzihf xdk,mrmewfjynf ewftjzpf &&Sd &ef qkawmif;ywemjyKum oDvcH,laqmuf wnfNyD; tvSL'gejyKaomaMumihf aovGefaom tcg ,mrmewfjynf ewfb0&&Sdjcif;/ (5) wkodwm-ewfrsm;onf wefcdk; pnf;pdrfcsrf;omBuD;rm;rsm;jym;vSonf[k Mum; od&ojzihf xdkwkodwmewfjynf ewftjzpf &&S d & ef qk a wmif ; yw e mjyKum? oD v cH , l aqmuf w nf N yD ; tvS L 'gejyKaomaMumih f aovGefaomtcg wkodwmewfjynf ewfb0 &&Sdjcif;/ (6) edrme&wd-ewfrsm;onf wefcdk; pnf;pdrfcsrf;omBuD;rm; rsm;jym;onf[k Mum;od &ojzihf xdkedrme&wdewfjynf ewftjzpf &&Sd &ef qkawmif;ywemjyKum oDvcH,laqmuf wnfNyD; tvSL'gejyKaomaMumihf aovGefaom tcg edrme&wd? ewfjynf ewfb0&&Sdjcif;/ (7) y&edrdw 0o0wDewfrsm;onf wefcdk;pnf;pdrfcsrf;omBuD;rm;rsm;jym;vSonf[k Mum;od&ojzihf xdky&edrdw0o0wDewfjynf ewftjzpf&&Sd&ef qkawmif;ywemjyKum oDv cH,laqmufwnfNyD; tvSL'gejyKaomaMumihf aovGefaomtcg y&edrdw 0o0wDewfjynf ewfb0&&Sdjcif;/ (8) jA[mrsm;onf toufwef;vnf; &Snf\? tqif;lygvnf;vS\? csrf;omjcif; vnf; rsm;jym;vS\[k Mum;od&ojzihf xdkjA[m jynf jA[mtjzpf&&Sd&ef qkawmif; ywemjyK um oDvcH,laqmufwnfNyD; tvSL'gejyKaom aMumihf aovGeaomtcg xdjk A[mjynf jA[m f b0udk&&Sdjcif;[laom b0y#doaEtusKd; &Spf rsKd;udk tvSL'geaumif;rIu ay;pGrf;EkdifaMumif; a[mMum;awmfrlcJhonf/ a'eomawmft& tydk'f(8)rSm 'geoufoufjzihfyif jA[mb0udk &&SdEdkifouJhodkY jrwfpGmbk&m; a[m Mum;xm;aomfvnf; pifppfrSmrl 'geaumif;rI oufoufjzihf jA[mb0udk &&SdEdkifonf[l rrSwf,ltyfay? tvSL'gejyKolonf El;nHhodrf arGUaompdw&NdS y;D oDvudvNkH cKH atmif apmihxe;f f k f d aexdkifvsuf jA[0d[m&w&m;av;yg;udk yGm; rsm;aexdiavh&aom tvSL'gejyKoonf jA[m k f dS l b0udk &&SdEkdifonfhtaMumif;udkpGJ jrwfpGm bk&m;a[mMum;awmfrljcif;jzpfonf/ rdrdtvdk&Sdtyfaom vlcsrf;om? b0 ESifh ewfcsr;f omb0ckepfb0wdukd oDvaqmuf Yk wnfygu tvSL'gejyKNyD; qkawmif;vQif &&Sd EkdifaMumif; orKwdopmoabmt& jrwfpGm bk&m;trSetwdi;f a[mMum;awmfraomfvnf; f k l oHo&m0#fqif;&Jwi;f u rvGwuif;Ekionfukd G f d f qkawmif;Ny;D aumif;rIjyKMuolrsm;tm; wduwe;f k f G

tm;ay;jcif;rl r[kwfay/ orKwdopm oabm t&a[mMum;awmfrljcif;omjzpfonf/ taMumif;udkqdk&aomf jrwfpGmbk&m; onf oHo&m0#f'kubHkom; ow0grsm;udk 0#f 'kue,frS vGwfajrmufapvdkaom wpfckwnf; aom qEawmfom&SdaomaMumihfjzpfonf/ xdaMumihvnf; 'geESifh ywfoufNy;D trsK;d tpm; Yk f cGJjcm;jyqdk a[mMum;qHk;rawmfrlNyD;aemuf 'ge aumif;rIaMumihf &&Sdtyfaom vlcsrf;om? ewf csrf;om? jA[mcsrf;omb0rsm;onf cEmig;yg; tedp? 'ku? teww&m;rsm;omjzpf cEmig; yg;ESihf rqufqH&mjzpfaom 0d0eddw cEm ig;jzm oHo&m0#fqif;&JrS vGwajrmuf&m edAmef f a&mufaMumif;qkrGefaumif;udk awmif; 'ge aumif;rIjyKMu&ef wdkufwGef;awmfrlcJhjcif;jzpfay onf/ usrf ; T e f ; r[mAk ' 0 if tEk ' D y eD u srf ; &S i f P(zsmyH k )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE Of WORLDLY PHENOMENA

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CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE Of WORLDLY PHENOMENA

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CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE Of WORLDLY PHENOMENA

"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

13

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TALK ON THE DHAMMA

14

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armifxdef0if; (opfawm)
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PODIUM DHAMMA
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

15

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DHAMMA DWE

16

"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

umr*kPig;yg; tjypfrsm;ESihf Oyrmq,fyg; f

oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm mpm) ty o m'gbd u a 0? umrm A[k ' k u m / A[k y g,mom? tm'D e a0g {w b d a ,sm/ ]]&[ef;wd?Yk tmHig;yg; umr*kPw&m;wdonf? om,mESpouf k f Yk f zG,fr&Sdukef/ rsm;aomqif;&J? rsm;aomylyefrIom&Sdukef\/ tmHkig;yg; umr*kPfw&m; tjypfonf tvGefyifrsm;jym;vSacs\..}} [k jrwfpGm bk&m;onf aemufyg&[ef;wdkYtm; a[majymqHk;rawmfrl\/ odkY a[m ajymqHk;rawmfrl&m? Oyrmq,fyg;wifpm; qHk;rawmfrlavonf/ (1) t|d u uF v l y rm umrm tmHig;yg; umr*kPw&m;wdonf? td;k ajcmufEifh wlue\/ k f Yk S k f tom;r&Sdaom tdk;onf t&ombmrQr&SdouJhodkY? umr*kPfwdkYonf vnf; jrwfaomt&om bmrQr&Sday/ td;k udk udu0g;aeaom acG;tdonf t&om&SE;kd Ed;k jzihf rvTwf k f k d Ediatmifjzpfaomfvnf;? t&omudrum; rawGU&/ tarmomtzwfwif k f k l ouJo?Ykd umr*kPuvnf; t&omaumif;Ed;k Ed;k jzihf pGrufaeMuolwonf h f kd J Ykd vnf;? t&omaumif;udkrawGU&yJ? 'kuomtzwfwifMu&avonf/ (2) rH o ayol y rm umr umr*kPfwdkYonf usD;iSufcsDaqmifxm;aom tom;wpfESihf wlue\/ om;wpfukd csaqmifaomus;D iSuukd us;D iSursm;pGmwdu 0di;f tHk k f D f f Yk k vk,ufx;kd qdwue\/ om;wpfuvwvurS xd'urS vGwuif;av\/ f k f kd T f kd f k k f xdkom;wpfudk tjcm;usD;iSufu csDaqmifjyefvQif? ,cifenf;twdkif; 0di;f tHv,ufx;kd qdwc&av\/ om;wpfukd csaqmiforQus;D iSutm;vH;k k k k f H D f om;wpfudktaMumif;jyK 'kuawGUMu&ukef\/ umr*kPfwdkYonfvnf; pGJvef;,laqmifwwfaom yk*dKvf[l orQwdkYtm; 'kursm;pGm ay;Edkifavonf/ umr*kPfudktaMumif;jyK owfMu? jzwfMu? &efjzpfMu? ppfwdkufMu? tqdyfaomufaoMu ponf jzihf 'kuBuD;pGm a&mufMuukef\/ (3) wd P k u L yrm umrm umr*kPfwdkYonf jrufrD;SL;ESihfwlukef\/ jrwfrD;SL;onf udkif ol\vufudk avmifouJhodkY? umr*kPfwdkYonf rdrdudk pGJol? rufol? wG,fwmolrSeforQaomyk*dKvfwdkYtm;? tylrD;avmifMuap\/ aomu? y&da'0paom tylrD;awmufvTrf;rdk;apwwfMu\/ (4) t*F g &umol y rm umrm umr*kPwonf rD;us;D wGi;f tpkEifh wlue\/ rD;us;D wGi;f ? rD;us;D f Ykd S k f tpktyHkBuD;onf usa&mufvmorQ t&m0wKtm;vHk;udk jymusatmif avmifouJhodkY? umr*kPfxJodkY ckefqif;vmaom wPSmaumifvlrdkufwdkY onf 'kurD;avmif wufwufajymifvlvHk;rvSjzpfMuukef\/ &ifxJrSm rD;avmif &ifuGJemusaoqHk;Muav\/ (5) ok y d e ul y rm umrm umr*kPfwdkYonf tdyfrufESihfwlukef\/ tdyfrufrufpOfwGif csrf;ajrhom,mt&om&Sdaomfvnf; tdyf&mrSEdk;xaomtcg bmrQ&Smr& ouJhodkY? umr*kPfwdkYonfvnf; awGUpwkef;uawmh [kwfEdk;Edk;xifMu& aomfvnf;? awGUNyD;aomtcg bmrQrusef? bmrQr&Sd? bmt&momrS jyp&mr&SdjzpfMu&av\/ (6) ,mpd w ul y rm umrm umr*kPwonf iSm;&rf;xm;tyfaom acwcPoH;k ypn;f ESifh f Ykd wlukef\/ acwiSm;xm;aomypnf;onf cPomoHk;pGJ&onf/ jyefay; vkduf&aomtcg bmrQrusef&pfawmhyJ? vufvGwfjzpf&av\/ umr *kPfwdkYonfvnf; awGUwkef;qHkwkef;cPoHk;ypnf; jzpfMu\/ cPom aysmfvkduf&\/ t&om,lvkdufMu&\/ cPomarmf&<um;Mu&\/ oHk;pGJ NyD;aomtcg bmrQrusefawmhay/ umr*kPfwdkYonf cPoHk; wpfyGJwdk; omjzpf\/ tojymwpfaxmifay; oD&drmrnfaom jynhfwefqmrESifh aysmc&aom olaX;onf? eHeufvif;aomtcg aysmc&wmtukeaysmuf? f hJ f hJ f Vif;widkif rdIifae&aomtacsodkY a&muf&av\/ (7) k u z vl y rmumrm umr*kPfwdkYonf opfyif\toD;ESihf wlukef\/ toD;&Sdaom opfyifonf toD;udktaMumif;jyK opfoD;cl;,lolwdkY\ ypf? csdKif? csdK;? zJh? zsufqD;jcif;cH&ouJhodkY? umr*kPfudk rSD0JolwdkYonfvnf; xdkumr*kPf wdkYudk taMumif;jyK rdrdya,m*? olwpfyg;ya,m*jzihf qif;&J? ylyef? 0rf;enf;? aMuuGJ&jcif;'kuodkY a&mufMu&avukef\/ ukorif;onf ybm0wDudk taMumif;jyK? udk,fpdwfqif;&J cH&av\/ od0drif;onf Orm'EDudk wyfrufrdaomaMumihf wkdif;ausmf jynfausmftl;awmfBuD;jzpf aomu'kuBuD;pGm awGU&av\/ nDawmf tmeErif;om;onfvnf; Zey'uvsmPDaMumifh rpm;EdirtdyEif wrdif k f f kd I rdiwawGawG aomutylawG a0cJ&av\/ '*HNk rKd Uom;rif;eEmonfvnf; I f h &SifarGUEGrf;tacsmtvSaMumihf irdk;&dyfrdausmif; trsdKcH&um aoyGJ0if&Sm &avonf/ ewfoQiaemifrif;om;onf "mwkuvsmrif;orD;udk taMumif; f jyK &m*l;aemuf arSmufarSmufrm;rSm;jzpf? 'kuB u;D pGma&muf&av\/ S cspfolESihfuGJuGm &nf;pm;ylrdMuolwdkYonfvnf; a&xJckefcs? tqdyf aomufMu ponfya,m*aMumihf aoqHk;Mu&\/ odkY umr*kPfwdkYonf opfyif\toD;ESihfwlyHkOyrmwdkYudk rSwfom;Mu&m\/ tqdyfoD;ESihfvnf; OyrmjyKMuao;\/ (8) tod o l E k y rm umrm umr*kPwonf pOf;wD;wH;k ESiwue\/ pOf;wD;wH;k qdonfrm f Ykd fh l k f k S om;iSufwdkYudk ckwfjzwf&m "m;ckwfcH opfwHk;jzpf\/ xdkopfwHk;ay:odkY a&mufvmorQ Muuf? iSuf? qdwf? 0uf? trJ? ig; tp&Sdaom ow0gwdkY\ tom;udk xufpGmaom"m;jzihf vSD;ckwfjzwfpOf;av\/ xdkxdkow0gwdkY onf pOf;wD;wHk;ay:odkYa&mufvQif bmrQckcHvIyf&Sm;cGifhr&/ vnfpif; taocHMu&av\/ tckwftjzwfudk cHMu&av\/ tvm;wl umr*kPfpOf;wD;wHk;odkY qdkufa&mufvmorQaom umrvdkufpm; irkdufom;wdkYonf? trdkufr rdrm,mwdkY\ 'ku"m;jzihf tqHk;pD&ifjcif; cHMu&av\/ 'ku"m;onf umr*kPfwnf;[laom pOf;wD;wHk;ESifh tvkyfwlrdwfaqGo*F[jzpfMuavonf/ umrvdkufpm;ol wdYk umr*kPpOf;wD;wk;kH odYk a&mufvmvQiyif? 'ku"m;onfvnf; vsijf ref f f pGm a&muf&Sdvm\/ umr*kPfpOf;wD;wHk;odkY a&mufvmorQ ow0gwdkYudk tvGwfray; vsifjrefpGmckwfjzwfcsvdkufav\/ uJhodkYvQif pOf;wD;wHk; ESihf "m;? umr*kPfESifh'kuwdkY ,SOfwGJvdkufzufjzpfMu&yHkudk Oyrmwifpm; pOf;pm;Mu&efjzpfayonf/ (9) ow d o l v l y rm umrm umr*kPfwdkYonf "m;oGm;? vSHoGm;ESifh wlukef\/ "m;oGm;? vSHoGm;wdkYrnfonf &Sjcif;? jywfjcif;? pl;jcif;? xkd;0ifjcif;udp&SdouJhodkY?

PODIUM DHAMMA
"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/ umr*kPfwdkYonfvnf; umrvkdufpm;MuolwdkYtm;? aomu? y&da'0? 'kujzpfMuatmif jyKvkyfMu\/ umr*kPfudktaMumif;jyK idkaomolonf umr"m;&Sjcif;? umrvSHpl;0ifjcif; cH&oljzpfav\/ umr"m;vSHtckwfcH&? tpl;0ifcH& aom umrvkupm;olwonf? rsuarSmufwrvGe'uB u;D pGm awGUBuKH Mu d f Ykd f f k &ukef\/ [&dwp&aohonf rk'kvuPrdzk&m;udk irf;irf;wufBudKufrd avaomaMumihf umr"m;tckwfcH&? umrvSHtpl;cH&? psmefavsmjyKwf us 'kuBuD;pGm cHpm;&avonf/ (10) oy o d l y rm umrm umr*kPwonf tqdypaygif; a>rOD;acgif;ESihf wlue\/ a>rOD; f Ykd f k k f acgif;\teD;odYk a&mufo?l uyfo?l xdoreorQ a>rtqdyEmrIwcMH u& l S f f S f rsufpduef;ukef\/ a>rwHawG;tyufcH& rsufpduef;Mu&\/ a>rudkufcH & aoqH;k Mu&uke\/ xdtwl umr*kPtqdyxoYkd qduoa&mufo?l f Yk f f H k f l umr*kPftwGif; oufqif;olrSeforQ? umr*kPftqdyfjyif;jyif; qif;&J jcif;BuD;ru qif;&J'kuuyfa&mufumysufpD;Mu&av\/ umrtqdyoihrsm;avav? 'kursm;avav jzpf\/ ewfjynf f f onf umrtqdyfrsm;aom umra>racgif;BuD;[k qdkoihf\/ ewfjynf a&mufaom ykxkZOfonf umra>racgif;BuD;\ trIwftudkufcH&aom aMumihf ewfjynfrS pkawolwdkif; i&JodkY wdkufdkufqif; i&J'kuwnf; [laom tqdyfaiG Yudk cHMu&ukef\/ umr*kPftm;BuD;aom t&yfonf tqdyjf yif;xefaom a>rOD;acgif;t&yf[k qdoih\/ umr*kPtm;Bu;D av k f f av? umrtqdyfjyif;xefavavjzpf\/ umrtqdyfjyif;avav i&J 'kuus,fyGm;avavjzpfonf/ umr*k P f q d k o nf r S m (1) tdk;/ (2) om;wpf? (3) jrufrD;SL;? (4) rD;usD;pk/ (5) tdyfruf/ (6) tiSm;ypnf;/ (7) opfyif\toD;/ (8) pOf;wD;wHk;/ (9) "m;oGm;vSHoGm;/ (10) tqdyfpka>rOD;acgif;/ aygif; Oyrm (10) yg;ESifh wlonf[k okwef yg#uwf rZdryPmoygVdawmf/ 0denf;yd#uwf ygpdwfyg#dawmf/ r[mAk' 0ifwdkYwGif azmfjyyg&Sdavonf/ mpm) oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm pmrsuf E S m 15 rS &[ef;wdkY cspfcifESpfouf jrwfEdk;cifwG,ftyfwJh? tmHkig;yg; wdkYonf? umre,fxJ xif&Sm;&SdMuayukef\/ ]]wa bd u K ? embd e E w d ? embd 0 'wd ? eaZmom,? wd | wd } } xdEpoufcifw,p&m tmHig;yg;udk &[ef;wpfyg;onf rESpf k S f G f k oufbl;? ta&;rpdkufbl;? rsdKrwwfvJ jzpfraebl;qdk&ift,H 0kpwd bdua0 bduK(1) em0go*awm rm& (2) erm& 0oH * awm (3) Or K u rm&ygaom (4) eAa' g aom? r&AE a ee (5) e,xm umru&PD a ,m ygyd r awm/ &[ef;wdkY? xdkcspfcifESpfouf? rufarmp&m? wG,fwmp&m? cspfoHa,mZOf aemufqHwif;p&maumif;vSwJh? tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om? tawGUtmHkumr*kPfudk rESpfoufaom? pum;xJyifxnhf rajymvspvsLIaom? rsKd rwwfr[kw?f ta&;rvkyaom? onfuoaom? f f hJ Ykd ihgom;awmf &[ef;tmZmenfudk(1) rm&fewfe,fxJra&mufol (vGwfoluRwfol) (2) (3) (4) (5)

17

rm&fewftvdkodkY rvdkuf&ol rm&fewfuvnfyif;BudK;uGif;tpGyfrcH&ol rm&fewf\ aESmifBudK;twnf;rcH&ol rm&fewfjyKorQ rEk&ol? rm&fewfudk tHwk&efjyKEkdifol? atmifEdkifol[l igbk&m;qdkawmfrl\/ vnf; &[ef;udkom a[mtyfygaomfvnf;? &[ef;csnf; omr[kwf? vlewfwd&pmef? yk*dKvfrcGJjcm;? tmkHig;yg;ESihf tNrJawGUxd BuHKBudKufaeMu&aom yk*dKvftm;vHk;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;u &nf&G,fawmf rlayonf/ xdkYaMumihf lygHktp&Sdaom tmHkig;yg; umr*kPfw&m;wdkYudk? rcspfcif rESpfoufaom? jrifvQifjrifumrw? Mum;? eH? &omcH? awGUxd vQif? Mum;um? eHum? &omcHum? awGUumrw? tmHkxdef;csKyf 0dyem tvkyuom tm;xkwaom? vl&i&[ef;tm;vH;k ? rm&fewf\tus,csKyf f kd f S f f tjzpfrSvnf;aumif;? rm&fewftvdkodkYvdkuf&oltjzpfrSvnf;aumif;? uRwfvGwfoljzpfMuayvdrfhrnf/ rm&fewfu vnfyif;udk BudK;uGif;aESmif BudK; tpGyfrcH&? twnf;taESmifrcH&oljzpfvdrhfrnf/ rm&fewfjyKorQ Ek&aom olr[kwry?J oHo&m0#ftwGi;f u vGwuif;&oljzpfayvdrrnf/ f l f hf tmHkig;yg;wyfrufwG,fwmolrjzpfatmif? tmHkig;yg;udk rwyfrufrwG,fwmoljzpfatmif? um,'kpdkuf? 0pD'kpdkufudk y,fEdkif aom oDvudkvnf;aumif;? raem'kpdkuf pdwfrkdufpdwfdkif;udk ESdrfeif;Edkif aom orm"dukdvnf;aumif;? oHo&mwpfcGifu tpOfcsdK;uyf ygvm aom udavomtEko,"mwfukd tjrpfjywfy,fowfEiaom 0dyem dk f ynmudkvnf;aumif; yGm;rsm;EdkifMuonfjzpf? bk&m;omoemawmf twGif;yif t&d,mpcef;odkY wufvSrf;EdkifMuygap/ t&darw,sbk&m; tyGiu?kd tE&uyfwpfuyf? urmajrrsuEmjyifwpf,Zem (6-wdiig;&m hf f S l k f twGif;) wufonftxd rapmihfMupdkYESihf? apmifhvQifvnf; raocsm? xdk bk&m;ESivjJG yefvQif urmqH;k Hru? aemufurmwpfoe;f ausmrS bk&m; fh k d f yGihfrnfjzpfaomaMumihf urmwpfodef;txd apmihfMu&ygu 'kuawG trsdK;rsdK;wdkYESihf &ifqdkifMu&OD;rnfjzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumihf? okwefyd#uwf ed'ge0*oH,kwfygVdawmf? y|rm& ygookwfawmfudkudk;? pD&ifa&;om;awmfrlaom? rHk&GmNrdKUta&SUv,fwD ausmif;wdkuf y"meem,uq&mawmfbk&m;BuD; t*r[my@dw b'E uk@v\ r[mokw'DyeDusr;f vmaqmify'ukd xkwEw atmufwif k f f k f G azmfjytyfygonf/ rm&f e wf a usmh u G i f ; rS rvG w f u if ; ol a qmif y k ' f tmHkig;&yf? ESpfoufvwf? rm&fewfESdyfpufrSm/ tus,fcsKyfjyef? tusOf;cH? vGwf&efr&Sdyg/ uGif;avsmonfBudK;? vufjyefBudK;? aESmifBudK;wnf;awmhrSm/ rm&fewfjyKorQ? EkMu&? 'kuawGU&rSm/ oHo&mwGif;? acsmifydwfoGif;? vGwfjcif;r&Sdyg/ rm&f e wf a usmh u G i f ; rS vG w f u if ; Muol r sm; tmHkig;yg;? rvkdufpm;? w&m;wnfhrwf&m/ rm&fewfab;u? a0;a0;y? at;jrcsrf;omrSm/ edAmefc&D;? ab;vGwfNyD;? at;BuD;at;&rSm/ oHo&m0#f? jrefpGmvGwf? uRwf&a0;&rSm/ rm&ygo? okwfawmfjy? rSwfMuusihfMuyg/ ]]'k u c yf o d r f ; uif ; Nid r f ; csrf ; omMuygap..}} Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE

18
aemuf a usmzk H ; rS

"r0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ (1) yg&mZdu tmywf/

1.

Susikkhita' ; Su=well, sikkhita=learned/ Trained =Well-learned/ trained .This word covers learning, comprehension, obedience and practice.

- -- Para j1ka apatti.

(2) oHCm'dodoftmywf/
2.

tJ'DxJrSm ygvmwJh ]0de,} qdkwmu udk,ftrlt&m ,Ofaus; atmif EIwftrlt&m ,Ofaus;atmif? qHk;roGefoifyJhjyifay;wwfwJh ,Of a us;rI q d k i f & mpnf ; urf ; awG to make them well-bred and disciplined jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DygVdpum; ]0de,} udk 0denf;vdkYjrefrmvdk jyefqdkxm;Muwmjzpfygw,f/
''Vinaya'' means moral discipline, moral rules, moral conducts. - tJ'D 0denf;u &[ef;wdkYtwGuf ]&[ef;0denf;} Anagariya vinaya-monastic discipline, disciplinary rule for the sangha eJY - - vlwdkYvdkufem&r,fh ]vlY0denf;} qdkwJh Agariya-vinaya-lay discipline rules of conduct for Laypeople &,fvdkY ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm; &Sd&mrSm

. Sanghadisesa apatti. thullaccaya apatti.

(3) xkvpnf;tmywf/
3. 4. 5.

(4) ygpdwftmywf/

pacittiya apatti.
- patidesan1 apatti. .

(5) yg#da'oeDtmywf/ (6) 'ku#tmywf/

6.

dukkata apatti.

&[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;taeeJY jrwfpGmbk&m;udk,fwdkif xm;&SdawmfrlwJh ynwfcsuf odumyk'fudk vGefusL;rdaomaMumihf oihfa&mufwJh tjypf tmywftrsKd;tpm;(7)yHkodkY ra&mufatmif usihfjcif;? tmywfroihf& atmifusihfjcif;[m &[ef;0denf;rnfygw,f/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf ajym& r,f q d k & if ]pwk y g&d o k ' d o D v }}ud k aumif ; pG m apmih f p nf ; jcif ; [m ]&[ef;0denf;} rnfygw,f/ 'D0denf;u t&[wzdkvfa&mufatmif usihfjcif;jzihf avmuD avmukw&m csrf;omudk&EkdifwJh twGuf r*Fvmrnfygw,f/ &[ef;jrwfwdkYaumif;pGmapmihfpnf;awmfrlMuwJh av;yg;aom yg&dok'doDvjzpfwJh ]pwkyg&dok'doDv} ''Catuparisuddhi s1la'', Moral purity of monks founded on four aspects) qdkwmu (1) ygwdarmu oH0&oDv - ygwdarmurnfaom odumyk'fudk ,HkMunfrI o'gw&m;jzihf apmihfpnf;aMumif;tusihfoDv/
(1)P1timokkha Samvara s1la- Observance of the Monastic Rules (by means of faith/ Saddha)

(7) 'kAmoDtmywf tm;jzihf (7)yg; 7. dubbasita apatti.jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdk&[ef;aumif; &[ef;jrwfwdkYaumif;pGmapmihfpnf;awmfrl MuwJh usihf0wfudk ygVdbmomtm;jzihf ]odum}vdkYvJac:ygw,f/

-" "sikkha mens: training for one for one aspiring to become adisciple of the Buddha. tJ'DodumqdkwmrSmu consisting of:

(1) t"doDvodum (oDv) - oDvudk vHkNcHKatmifapmihfxdef;jcif;/

1. adhisila sikkha- training in higher morality.

(2) t"dpdw odum(orm"d) -psmefw&m;udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&jcif;/

2. adhicitta sikkha- training in superior mentality.
~~

(3) t"dynm odum(ynm)-0dyem bm0emyGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&jci;f/

3. adhipanna sikkha - training in superior wisdom.

(2) `E d , oH 0 &oD v -tbd Z ma'grepaom tuk o d k v f r jzpf &atmif puKa`E? aomwda`E? Cmeda`E? ZD0a`E? um,da`E? reda`E[aom) dS l a`E (6)yg;udk owdw&m;jzihf apmifhpnf;jcif;oDv/
2. Indriya Sanvara sila- Restraint of six sense-faculties (by means

of mindfulness /Sati)

(3) tmZD0 yg&dok'doDv- toufarG;0rf;ausmif;jzpfaom um, ya,m* 0pDya,m*\ (0D&d,tm;jzihf) pifMu,faMumif;oDv/

effort/ v1riya)

3. Aj1va parisuddhi S1la- Purification of livelihood (by means of

(4) yp,oEddwoDv- ynmjzihf qifjcifjcif;jzihf pifMu,faom yp n f ; av;yg;oH k ; aqmif a Mumif ; tjypf u if ; aom apwemonf yp , oE d d w oD v rnf \ / (]]y#d o cF g a,med a om}} ponf j zih f a[mtyfaom oDvjzpf onf/)
4. Paccaya Sannissita S1la- Wise contemplation of four requisties
~~(by means of wisdom/panna (Patisanikha yoniso etc.) -

'gu &[ef;awmfrsm;usihfaqmifawmfrlMu&wJh t&[wzdkvf a&muf edAmefaygufusihf0denf;rsm;yJjzpfygw,f/ vlwdkYvkdufemusihfaqmifMu&r,fh "ruawmh ]tukov uryxw&m;(10)yg;} a&SmifMuOfjcif;qdkwJh vlY0denf;jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D vlY 0denf;udk aumif;pGmoif,lqnf;yl;jcif;? usihfaqmifjcif;[m ,ckb0 pD;yGm;csr;f omaemifb0 pD;yGm;csr;f omudk &GuaqmifEiwtwGuf Bu;D yGm; f dk f hJ csrf;oma&;tppf r*Fvmjzpfygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm Ak'bmom0ifwdkif; rusihfrae& {uef usihfoHk; aqmufwnfMu&r,fh tajccH vlY0denf; "rw&m;jzpfwJh ]t&d,uE(5) yg;oDv}}udk t`rGwfrQ ajymjyvdkygw,f/ 'DoDvudk ]yoDv? ig;yg; oDv}}vdkY vJac:Muygw,f/ yoDv Panc as-la the five precepts [consisting of:1 (1) olYtowfowfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjci;f/
1. 2.

abstaining from killing. abstaining from taking what is not given. abstaining from sexual misconduct. abstaining from telling lies. abstaining from taking intoxicants.

(2) olwpfyg;Opmudk cdk;jcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;/ (3) olwpfyg; om;r,m;udk usL;vGefjcif;rSa&SmifMuOfjcif;/

3.

tJ'Daemuf &[ef;oHCmawmfrsm;taeeJY jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfwdkif ynwfawmfrlwJh odumyk'fudk vGefusL;aomaMumihf oihfa&mufwJhtjypf? tmywfqkdwm ygVdbmomjzihf ]tmywd} vdkYac:yg w,f/ tJ'tjypf tmywfu (7)yg;&Sygw,f/ ''Apatti" means offense D d
incurred by contravention of the monastic code of conduct. Seven classes of such offenses are classified. tJ'Dtmywf (7)yg;u

(4) vdrfvnfajymqdkjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;/

4. 5.

(5) t&ufaopmaomufpm;jcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;/ 'Dyovac: (5)yg; oDvudk t&d,moljrwfBu;D rsm; tifrwef D rS ES p f o uf j rwf E d k ; awmf r l M uwJ h t wG u f ]t&d , uE o D v }vk d Y v J

THERAVADA PERSPECTIVE
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ ac:qdkygw,f/ 'Davmufudkawmh Ak'bmom0ifyk*dKvfwdkif; vdkvkd od&SdMuNyD;jzpfygvdrfhr,f/ 'gayr,fh oDvudk vHkNcHKatmif wdwdusus vduemapmihxe;f vdorsm;twGuawmh 'DavmufoeYJ rvHavmufygbl; k f f d k l f d kH k tJ'Dapmihfxdef;&r,hf odumyk'f 5 yg;teufu wpfyg; wpfyg; pDrSm(1) ud k , f w d k i f v G e f u sL;jyKvk y f r I ? (2) ol w pf y g;tm; vG e f u sL;zd k Y & ef apcdkif; wdkufwGef;rI? (3) csD;rGrf;ajymqdkrI? (4) olwpfyg; vGefusL; I onfudk ESpfouf oabmwlrqdkwJh t*Fg(4)yg;pD uGJjym;vmwJhtwGuf odumyk'f 5 yg;u vGefusL;wJhzufrSm 20-apmihfxdef;wJhzufrSm 20 pkpkaygif; 40 jzpfvmygw,f/ trsm;tm;jzihf tukokdvfrI? ukodkvfrI awGrSm 'Doabmt*FawG &Ekdifygw,f/ uk d , f w k d i f wd k u f w G e f ; ? csD ; rG r f ; pd w f u l ; yG m ;jyef r I ? rS w f , l ES p f q ,f o m/ 'k p d k u f q ,f y g;? enf ; wl y G m ;? rS w f o m;av;q,f y g/ 'Dt*Fg 20 vHk;udk vHkNcHKatmif xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smufol trsKd; udkrS t&d,uE 5 yg;oDveJY jynfhpHkoludkom oDvudk vHkNcHKNyD; vlY0denf; eJY tnDxe;f odr;f aexdiol vloawmfaumif;vkYd ac:qdEirmjzpfygw,f/ d k f l k dk f S ig;yg;oD v ? tusKd ; u? BuD ; vS t H h z G , f o m/ ur m oacsF , s? csrf ; om&? qH k ; used A m ef o m/ 'Dae&mrSm vl0enf;eJY pyfvsO;f vdYk tenf;i,f &Si;f jyvdygw,f/ Y d k um,uH 3 yg;? 0pDuH 4 yg;? raemuH 3 yg; vHkNcHKaeol[m wjcm; owfrSwfxm;wJh vlYpnf;urf;rsm;udkvJ vHkNcHKpGm vdkufemNyD;jzpfawmhw,f qdwhJ oabmeJY t|uxmq&mrsm;u tukov uryx w&m;(10)yg; k a&SmifMuOfjcif;udkom vlY0denf;taeeJY zGihfqdkazmfjyygw,f/ wjcm;vdkuf em&r,fh vl0enf; vlpnf;urf;awGr&SawmhwtwGuf 'Dw&m;(10) yg;udk Y d Y d hJ omzGifhjywmr[kwfygbl;/ ]*d[d0de, okwmef} vdkYac:wJh ]od*Fgvokwf} rSmvmwJh a&SmifMuOf&r,fh tusihfawG? vdkufemjyKusihf&r,fh tusihfawG? 'D ]r*Fv okw}f ? ]y&mb0okw}f ? ]0ovokw}f ponfwrm ygwJh Te;f qdazmfjycsuf Ykd S k rsm;[mvJ vlY0denf;jzpfygw,f/ wd k i f ; jynf E k d i f i H t vd k u f owf r S w f x m;wJ h pnf ; urf ; rsm;? vlrsK;d tvduf owfrwxm;wJpnf;urf;rsm;? bmoma&;tvkuf owfrwf k S f h d S xm;wJh pnf;urf;rsm;? NrdKUjy &yfuGufaus;Zltvdkuf owfrSwfxm;wJh pnf;urf;rsm;? ausmif;pnf;urf;? tdrpnf;urf;ponfwvJ vl0enf;awG f Ykd Y d yJjzpfygw,f/ 'Dpnf;urf;awGudk em;vnfatmifvkyfNyD; vkdufemjyKusihf aexdkifjcif;[m BuD;yGm;csrf;oma&;r*Fvmjzpfygw,f/ wdw&i;f &Si;f vk&i;f ajymygqd&if vlwi;f vlwi;f uk,Eifh EIwukd k kd S d S k kd kd d f S f tjypfuif;atmif xdef;ausmif;jyKjyifaexdkifwwfol[m ]0dea,mp okodudw} r*FvmeJY jynfhpHkNyD;jzpfygawmhw,f/ 'gYaMumihf udk,fEIwfESvHk; oHk;yg;pvHk; tjypfuif;atmif apmihfxdef;ae&olawG[m BuD;yGm;csrf;om a&;vrf;aMumif;ay:rSm wufa&mufavQmufvSrf;ae&olawG[m jzpfyg w,f/ aysmhaysmif;wJh pdwfESvHk;eJY udk,fEIwfwdkYudk qHk;rusihfoHk;aeEkdifjcif; [m ]0de, okodudw r*Fvm}rnfygaMumif; wifjyvkdygw,f/ ~~ - (4) okbm odw 0gpm ynm subhasita vaca panna]ok b mod w } - aumif ; pG m ajymqd k t yf a om +]0gpm} ]0gpm} pum;&,f v d k Y j zpf y gw,f / 0pD ' k p d k u f r jzpf ? rk o m0g'pwJ h tjypf vGwfatmif aumif;pGmajymqdktyfwJh pum;udk ]ok b mod w 0gpm} vdkYac:wmjzpfygw,f/

19

]ygVdyd#uwfawmf okwedygwf} rSm ]pum;t&mt*Fg(4)wef} taMumif;azmfjyygw,f/ 1/ okbmodw - tcsif;csif; roihfjrwfMuatmif &efwdkufay;wJh pum;rsKd;udk rajymbJ uGJjym;aeolrsm;udk nDTwfatmif? nDTwfaeol rsm;udk ydkrdknDTwfatmifaumif;rGefpGmajymqdkjcif;/ 2/ "r- teuft"dyg ,fuif;rJwhJ pum;zsi;f udk rajymqky?J tjzpftysu?f "r h d taMumif;t&m oabmrSeuom w&m;ESifh tnDqavsmatmif ajymqdk f kd D f jcif;/ 3/ yd, -qJa&;armif;rJ usefqJjcif;? tp&SdwJh Murf;wrf;wJh pum;rsKd;udk rajymqdkyJ? om,majyjypfESpfvdkYzG,fjzpfwJh yD,0gpm em;csrf;omatmif ajymqdkwJh pum;rsKd;udkom ajymqdkjcif;/ 4/ op= vdrfvnfvSnhfywfwJh pum;rsKd;udk rajymqdkyJ rkom;ryg trSef op twdkif; ajymqdkjcif;/ aumif;pGmajymMum;? w&m;ESihf,SOf? em;0ifcsrf;omrSef&m `rGwfvG,f? av;oG,f EIwf0,f t*Fg*kPf/ 'Dt*Fg (4) yg;eJY jynfhpHkwJh pum;[m aumif;pGmajymMum;tyf wJhpum; okbmodw0gpmrnfygw,f/ tjypfvJuif;ygw,f/ ynm&SdawG &JU uJh&JUrIudkvJ rcH&yg/ 'gudkyJ pum;t&m t*Fg 4 wefvkdYac:ygw,f/ b,fpum;rsK;d udyJ jzpfjzpf? 'Dt*Fg 4 yg;eJY jynhpatmif nDwf k f kH T atmif ajymqdkyg&if ]okbmodw0gpm} jzpfygw,f/ 'Dt*Fg 4 yg;eJY rjynhf pHkwJh pum;rsKd;omjzpfaew,fqdkyg&if b,fvdkyJ emcsifpzG,fjzpfatmif oG,o,0u0uajymqdayr,fh ]okbmodw0gpm} raumif;aMumif;ajym f G f kd f kd f k qdkwJh ydefzsif;ao;odrfwJhpum;omjzpfygw,f/ aumif;jrwfrSefuefwJh pum;ajymqdkjcif;[mvJ 'Db0pD;yGm; csr;fom? aemifb0pD;yGm;csrf;omeJY edAmefudk rsufarSmufjyKjcif;&JU taMumif;jzpfwJhtwGuf BuD;yGm;csrf;oma&; r*Fvmrnfygw,f/ ]]EIwfr*Fvm? pum;rSmum;? tomtcsKd? ol-emvdkatmif rdefYqdkjcif;vQif wefqmqif\}} vdkY Mo0g' txl;ysKdUrSmqdkrdefYygw,f/ wom[d "D& yn A[kkw? a"m&,SoDvH 0w0E r&d,H/ wH wm'doH oyK&doH okar"H baZx euw yxH0 pEdrm/ xdkYaMumihf- wnfvnf;wnfMunf? ynmvnf;&Sd? tMum;tjrif vnf;rsm;? OD;pD;0efaqmifjyKvkyf edAmefa&mufaMumif;udkvnf; Tefjy wwf? oDv"kwifjzLpifaom tusihfvnf;&Sdaom ynm&Sdolawmfaumif; udk vrif;onf euwfwm&mwdkY oGm;&mvrf;aMumif;twdkif; tpOfvkduf ouJhokdY tpOfvdkuf qnf;uyfMu&m\/
Therefore, with the intelligent, the wise, the learned, the enduring and dutiful Ariya- with such a virtuous, intellectual man should one associate, as the moon follows the starry path. (Dhammapada, chapter XV, Sukhavagga (Happiness) Sakka Vatthu, Verse-208)

"r 0 D & -oE m atmif tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' o moemjyKwu o k d v f ? &ef u k e f N rd K U/

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

v,fwDq&ma

The Ledi Dham

D d v,fweAmefw

a&;om;jyKp

MAHA THERA L
(edAme'DyeD)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf )
onmuEmrSm b,foif;? b,f[mudk igod\/ igrSwfrd\/ igrarh[k om,mpGJvrf;rIonf onmuEm om,mpGJvrf;rIwnf;/ ocFg&uEmum; tvGefrsm;jym;\/ xif&Sm;&mrQudk qdkaytHh/ 1/ ihgpdwfrSmawGUonf/ / (zom,mrI) 2/ igaphaqmfonf igapwem&Sonf? igapwemr&Sd (apwem d om,mrI) 3/ ihgpdwfNidrfoufonf/ / ({u*wmom,mrI) 4/ ig ESvHk;oGif;onf/ / (reodum& om,mrI) 5/ igBuHzefonf? ig0dwufrsm;onf/ /(0dwufom,mrI) 6/ rnfonhftmHk ig\pdwf w&pf0J0Jaeonf/ (0dpm& om,mrI) 7/ ig ESpfoufonf? igtm;&onf/ / (yDwdom,mrI) 8/ ig tm;xkwfonf? igaMumihfMupdkufonf/ / (0D&, d om,mrI) 9/ b,foif;? b,f[mudk igtvkd&Sdonf? igjyKvdkonf? ig ajymqdkvdkonf/ igjrifvdkonf/ igMum;vdkonf/ igoGm;vdk onf ponfum;/ / (qEom,mrI) 10/ igvd k c sif o nf ? igcif r if o nf ? igawmif h w onf ? ponfum;/ (avmb om,mrI) 11/ igpdwfqdk;onf/ / (a'goom,mrI) 12/ igrodEi?f igrxifEif rjrifEionf/ (arm[ om,mrI) kd kd kd f 13/ igMunfndKonf/ / (o'gom,mrI) 14/ igatmufarhonf/ / (owdom,mrI) 15/ raumif;rI ig&Sufonf? igpufqkyfonf? ig&GHUonf/ ([D&d om,mrI) 16/ igaMumufonf? igxdwfvefYonf/ /(Mowyom,mrI) 17/ igvSLonf? igay;urf;pGefYBuJonf/ / ('ge pGJvrf;rI) 18/ igapmifxe;f onf? igapmihpnf;onf/ / (oDv pGvrf;rI) h d f J

(Nibbana Di pan

(Continue from last week) In the group of mental formations, things are numerous; only prominent things will be mentioned here. 1. I have mind-contact[enjoyment in phassa, contact] 2. I incite, I have intension, I have no intension [enjoyment in cetana ,volition] 3. My mind is calm [enjoyment in one-pointedness of mind ekaggata] 4. I mind [enjoyment in minding, manasikara] 5. I think out, I have much thinking [enjoyment in vitakka] 6.I am thinking over such and such object again and again [enjoyment in vicara, discursive thinking] 7. I like, I am quite satisfied [enjoyment in p1tizest] 8. I try, hard, I make effort [enjoyment in viriya, effort] 9. I want such a thing; I want to do; I want to speak; I want to see; I want to hear, I want to go, etc. [enjoyment in the desire, chanda] 10. I like, I love, I long for, etc. [enjoyment in lobha, greed] 11. I am angry. [enjoyment in dosa, hatred] 12. I cannot understand I cannot perceive, I can't see [enjoyment in moha, delusion] 13. I have faith and confidence in [enjoyment in saddha, faith and confidence] 14. I remember [enjoyment in sati, mindfulness] 15. I am ashamed of evils, I am disgusted [enjoyment in hiri, shame] 16. I fear, I am startled [enjoyment in fear, dread ottappa] 17. I offer something [enjoyment and grasping at almsgiving and liberality, dana] 18. I take the precepts [grasping at morality, s1la] 19. I know, I am able, I am clever, I foresee [grasping at wisdom] That grasping contains the danger of the hell] In the group of consciousness, [grasping as ]I think; I

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

21

awmfbk&m;BuD;

usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

w&m;awmfrsm;

awmf pawmfrlaom

ma on Nibba na
i = The Manual of Nibbana)
19/ igodonf? igwwfonf? igvdrmonf? igajrmfjrifEionf/ kd f (ynmpGvrf;rI)// pGJvrf;rItvHk;pHkonf tyg,fa b; J i&Jab; tNyD;yg0ifavonf/ 0dnmPuEmrSm (igBuHonf igodonf ig\pdwf ighraem[k pGvrf;onf/) pGvrf;rItvH;k pHonf tyg,fab;twGi;f 0ifvsuf ygav J J k onfcsnf;/ ewfjzpfaomolwdkY rdrdukd,fcEmudk wPSm? 'd|djzihf pGJvrf;rI? jA[mhjzpfaomolwdkY rdrdudk,fcEmudk wPSm? 'd|djzihf pGJvrf;rIwdkYvnf; tyg,fab; oHo&mab; tNyD;yg0ifrIudk odav/ (um; vlYcEm vlYcsrf;om? ewfcEm ewfcsrf;om? jA[mhcEm jA[mhcsrf;ompkonf i&J\tyif;toif;om jzpfonf[laom pum; tus,f,kwdwnf;/) odkYvQif tyg,fab;? oHo&mab;udk aMumufaomolonf vltjzpf? ewftjzpf? jA[mtjzpfxJrSm udk;uG,f&mudk &Sm? xdk vlYcEm? ewfcEm? jA[mcEmwdYk tuketjzpfNir;f rI? Zmwfor;f rIwpfconfomvQif h f d d k udk;uG,f&mtppfjzpfavownf;/ (um; cH p m;? pH p m;rI ? ok c ? aomre a0'emr&S d a om oE d ok c rsd K ;onf o m {uE o k c rsd K ;rS e f a Mumif ; ud k ted p y k ' f E S i h f p yf jyqd k a om tcef ; wnf ; /) ]]yuEm'kum}} yk'f ESdyfpufjcif;? nif;yef;jcif;trIudk 'kuudk qdonf/ xdcEm 5 yg;onf ow0gudk 'ku 'ku'PfcsuEihf ESypufni;f k k f S d f yef;\/ ocFg&'ku'PfcsufESifh ESdyfpufnif;yef;\/ 0dy&dPmrtwGufESihf ESdyfpufnOf;yef;\/ Oyrm/ / Oyrmum; ,ck E S p f pyg;? toD ; tqef ? ajymif;qeftoD;tqef? yJtoD;tqef? ESrf;toD;tqefwdkYudk &vdkaom olonf ,refEpuyif rsKd ;xm;rIEipyfaom vkyr?I aqmifrawGukd rsm;pGm S f S fh f I 'kupdkuf&\/ aemufESpfxGef&ef? ,uf&ef? uRJ? EGm;ESifhpyfaom 'kurI? rdk;us aomtcg v,f,mvkyfcif; &Sif;vif;okwfoifrI? xGefrI? ,ufrI? pdkufrI? BurEipyfaom 'kup?k apmifa&Smufjcif;ESipyfaom 'kup?k rd;k a&acsmarm J I S hf h fh
know; my consciousness; my mind] All of these graspings contain the dangers of the hell. I should be understood that the devas' grasping of their body with sensual lust and wrong view, the brahmas' grasping of their body with sensual lust and wrong view also contain the . dangers of the hell and the round of rebirths samsara altogether. [This is the exposition how human body, human happiness, deva's body, deva's happiness, brahma's body, brahma's happiness are merely the assocites of the hell.] Thus he who fears the danger of the round of rebirths, . samsara cannot find the refuge in the state of human beings, devas and brahmas. The only cessation of becoming the bodies of human beings, devas and brahmas is the real refuge. [This is the chapter dealing with the exposition of the appeasement happiness, which has no suffering, neither enjoyment nor happiness nor delightful feeling, is the real happiness, in connection with the word anicca, impermanence.] ~ In pali, "pancakkhandha dukkha" torture is called . suffering. Those five constituent groups of existence torture the begins with bodily and mental pains, the dukkha dukkha oppression; torture them with the formations suffering, sankhara dukkha oppression; torture them with change, viparinama oppression. Example Those who want to get paddy, maize, bean, pea, sesame this year had to take the trouble of doing much work sush as keeping seeds even last year. Next year they have to take much trouble in ploughing and with buffellows and oxen, when the rain falls the trouble of clearing the fields, planting and growing, the trouble of guarding, the trouble of reaping and collection when the paddy is ripe, the

by

LEDI SAYADAW

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ijy|mef;onf/

trouble of separating grains from the stalk and putting them into the granaries. All kinds of troubles begining with the trouble of keeping the seeds last year till the putting the grains into the granaries this years are merely sankara formations of rice, maize, pea, sesame which have been kept in the granaries. Moreover, the troubles of taking them out from the granaries and drying in the sun, pounding, grinding and cooking and the trouble-taking till putting into the mouth, the throat and the stomach are also sankharadukkha or rice, suffering due to formations. Each rice grain becomes cooked rice for putting into the mouth, only after they had taken the troubles of keeping the paddy in the granaries and more than one thousand or ten thousands of troubles, sankhara dukkhas, the formations suffering. Hence each cooked rice grain tortures the begins who cannot live without rice with more than one thousand or ten thousands of sankhara dukkhas, formations suffering. [This is the sankhara dukkha, formations suffering in the cooked rice.] Begining from the keeping of seeds in the previous year and all sorts of working to get rice, maize, pea, beans are all merely perishable things whenever met with dangers. Before reaching the mouth, there are many facts and conditions for the paddy to perish, more than one thousand or ten thousands. If met with the dangers of fire, flood, robbers etc., or if the rain and the wind do not favour, if any condition goes wrong, much physical and mental suffering will come to be. [This is also viparinama dukkha in rice, suffering in change.] On seeing the perishable nature of the seeds etc., when met grains the perishable condition, liable to damage; the trouble of keeping maintaing, worrying about the paddy with the thought that the perishable condition may come. [This is also viparinama dukkha from rice, suffering in change.] That rice perishes badly since it is chewed. On reaching the stomach if it cannot be digested one may get into trouble different kinds of diseases. Even if it is digested the different kinds of suffering connected with stool, urine, phlegm etc., may come to be. [This is the last viparinama dukkha, suffering in change.] Dukkha-dukkha, the intrinsic suffering mixes with (1) sankhara dukkha, formations sufferings in cooked rice, beginning with the keeping of seeds till putting into the mouth as the mossel of food and (2) the three kinds of aforesaid viparinama-dukkha of rice, suffering in change.

toD;tESHrSnhfaomtcg &dwfrI? aumufrIESifhpyfaom 'kurIpk? e,frI? eif;rI? avSYrI wdkufoGif;usDwGif;oGif;rIESihfpyfaom 'kurIpkudk rsm;pGm'ku pkduf&\/ ,refESpfu rsdK;xm;rIESihfpyfaom 'kurIwdkYrSp wdkufwGif;? usDwGif;odkY oGif;xm;rIESihfpyfaom 'kurIwdkYwdkifatmif tvHk;pHkaom 'ku pdu&rIonf wduwi;f uswi;f oda&mufNy;D aom pyg;? ajymif;? yJ? ESr;f wd\ k f k f G D G Yk Yk ocFg&rIwdkYcsnf;yifwnf;/ wpfzef wkdufxJ? usDxJrSxkwf aevSef;rI? axmif;rI? zGyfrI? csufa&;jyKwfa&;ESifhpyfaom 'kurIpk? cHwGif;xJ vnfacsmif;xJ 0rf;xJodkY a&mufonhfwdkifatmif 'kupdkuf&aom trIpkonfvnf; xrif;\ocFg& 'kurwomwnf;/ I Ykd cHwGif;odkY a&mufaomxrif;wdkY wpfckwpfckaom xrif;vHk; onf rsdK;xm;rIrSp taxmif? taomif;ruaom ocFg&'kurIwdkYudk vkyfaqmifrIrS xrif;vHk;tjzpfodkYa&mufonf/ xdkYaMumihf xdkwpfckwpfck aom xrif;vHk;onf xrif;ESifhruif;Edkifaom ow0gudk taxmif? taomif;ruaom ocFg&'ku'PfcsufwdkYESifh ESdyfpufnOf;yef;av\/ (um; xrif ; ocF g &'k u w nf ; /) ,refESpfxm;aomrsdK;rSp pyg;oD; pyg;qef? ajymif;oD; ajymif;qef? yJoD; yJqefjzpfvm&ef tvHk;pHkaom Bud,mpk? taqmuftOD pkonf ysufcGifhqdkufvQif ysufpD;wwfaom Bud,mpk? taqmuftODpk csnf;omwnf;/ cHwGif;odkYra&mufrD a&S;tzdkY ysufpD;oGm;&ef tcsufpkonf taxmif? taomif;ru rsm;jym;\/ wpfckckaom tcsuf rD;ab;? a&ab;? cdk;olab; ponfESihfawGUBuHKcJhaomfvnf;aumif;? rdk;a&;? ava&; racsmarGUcJhaomfvnf;aumif;? wpfckaomtcsuf ysufuGuf oGm;onf&aomf rsm;pGmaom um,du'ku? apwodu'kuonf jzpf& dS \/ ( onfum; xrif;twGufESihf cH&aom 0dy&dPmr 'kuawGwnf;/) rsdK;pyg;ponfwdkY\ ysufpD;cGihfqdkufvQif ysufpD;wwfaom oabmudkvnf;aumif;? ysufpD;&ef tcGifhtvrf;pk? ysufpD;&ef tcsufpk udvnf;aumif;? od&if; jrif&if;&SaomaMumihf rysurpD;ygapjcif; tusKd ; k d f iSm odrf;qnf;rIESifhpyfaom 'kupdkuf&rI? apmifha&Smufxdef;ausmif;jcif; ESipyfaom 'kupu&rI? ysup;D cGiquvmtHxif ylyifaMumihMf u pd;k &drf fh kd f f hf kd f h &aom 'kurI/ (onfvnf; xrif;twGufESihf awGUBuHK&aom 0dy&dPmr 'k u c snf ; wnf ; /) xdkxrif;onf 0g;vdkufonfrSp rvSry azmufjyefysufjym; av\/ 0rf;xJodkYa&muf tpmraMu&SdcJhvQif tema&m*gESihfpyfaom 'kutrsdK;rsdK;udkjzpfap\/ tpmaMuusufcJhvQif usifBuD;? usifi,fESihfpyf aom 'kutrsKd ;rsKd ;? cRcef;ovdy?f wHawG;ponfEipyfaom 'kutrsKd ;rsKd ;/ J S fh (onf u m; tqH k ; owf j zpf a om xrif ; \ 0d y &d P mr'k u c snf ; wnf ; /) 'ku 'kuonfrum; rsKd ;xm;rIrp cHwi;f xrif;vkwa&muf l S G f onf wdkifatmif xdkxrif;\ ocFg&'kurIwdkYESifhvnf;aumif; qdkcJhtyfNyD; aom 0dy&dPmr'ku (3) rsdK;wdkYESifhvnf;aumif; a&maESmvsuf ygav\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

(To be continue)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'\"rw&m;awmf tppftrSefxGef;um;jyefhyGm;&efjzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifhqdk&vQif vlonf rdrd\ywf0ef;usif&dS vludk Munfh\/ Munfhp&mtmHkum; vlyifjzpf\/ odkY&mwGif olMunfhaom rsufpdu yyrsufpd jzpfaevQif vludk vl[lrjrif? vludk jrefrm[l jrifcsifvnf; jrifrnf/ wkwf[l jrifcsifvnf; jriffrnf/ ukvm; [lvnf; jrifcsif jrifrnf/ t*Fvdyf[l jrifcsifjrifrnf/ odkY jrifjcif;onf vlukd yyrsupjd zifh MunfaomaMumifh jzpf\/ yy[onfrm f h l S wPSmrme 'd|dwdkY\ trnfjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh vludk yyrsufpdjzifh MunfhvQif cspfjcif;aomfvnf; jzpfrnf/ rkef;jcif;aomfvnf;jzpfrnf/ cspf jcif;ESifhrkef;jcif; xdkESpfrsKd;wGif wpfrsKd;rsKd;onf rkcsraoG jzpfayvdrfhrnf/ yyrsufpdjzifh vludkMunfhwwfjcif;onf xdkMunfhol\oPmef yrm' w&m; vTrf;rdk;aeaomaMumifh jzpf\/ yrm'w&m;[lonfrSm ukodkvf jzpfatmif tm;xkwfjcif; arharhavsmhavsmhjzpfaeatmif jyKwwfaom w&m;jzpf\/ ,if;yrm'w&m;um; oludk,fwdkifvnf; tukodkvfjzpf\/ udef;atmif;jcif;cH&aom yk*dKvfudkvnf; tukodkvfukd vkyfrdatmif zefw;D \/ tu,f vludk jA[pdk&frsufpdjzifhMunfhygu jrefrm[lvnf; rjrif? wkwf [lvnf; rjrif? ukvm;[l rjrif? t*Fvdyf[l rjrif? vl udk vl[lom jrif\/ xdkt jyif vludk 0efBuD;csKyf[lvnf; rjrif? Hk;apmifh[lvnf; rjrif/ trSeftm;jzifh vludk 0efBuD;csKyf [l vnf;aumif;? Hk;apmifh[l vnf;aumif; jrifjcif;onf yy rsufpdjzifh MunfhrSjrifwwfaom tjrifrsKd;jzpf\/ jA[pdk&frsufpdjzifh Munfhaom tcg jrifaom tjrifrsK;d r[kw/ f jA[p&rsupjd zifh vluMkd unf vltjzpfjrifaomtcg xdjk rifol kd f f h \ oEmef cspfjcif;vnf; rjzpf? rkef;jcif;vnf; rjzpf? cspfjcif;ESifh rkef; jcif; ESpfrsKd;pvHk; tukodkvfjzpf\/ ae&m cspjfcif;udk tbdZm [lqdk\/ rkef;jcif;udk a'gre[lqd\/ tbdZmESihf a'grerSm usrf;*efoHk; k a0g[m&jzpf\/ trSetm;jzifh jA[p&rsupjd zifh Munfwwfaomolrsm;\ f kd f f h oPmef arwm? ukPm? rk'dwm? Oayum [laom ukodkvfw&m; rsm;om jzpfMuyg\/ od k Y tjrif E S p f r sKd ; uG J j ym;oG m ;&m tmH k y d k i f ; taejzif h uGjJ ym;jcif;r&d/ rsupd taejzifrl uGjJ ym;oGm;jcif;&d\/ wpfcaom rsupu S f h S k f d yy rsufpd? wpfckaomrsufpdu jA[pdk&frsufpd? yyrsufpdonf arhavsmhjcif; yrm'w&m;tay: tajccH\/ jA[pdk&f rsufpdonf rarhavsmjh cif; tyrm'w&m;tay: tajccH \/ tajccHcsi;f uGjJ ym;ojzihf rsupcsi;f uGom;\/ rsupcsi;f uGom;aomtcg tjrifcsi;f uGom;av\/ fd J G fd J G J G tjrifcsif;uGJ oGm;aomfvnf; olYtjrifESifhol rSefonfyifjzpf\/ vludk wkwf? ukvm;? t*Fvdyf? jrefrm [lvnf;aumif;? olaX;? qif;&Jom; [lvnf; aumif; ac:a0:jcif;onfvnf; rSef\/ xdktrSefrsKd;udk yg&dbmodu opm[lqdk& \/ yg&dbmodu opm[lonfrm ajymd;k S ajympOft& rSeaom trSefjzpf\/ vludk vl[lom jrifjcif;onfvnf; f orKwd opmt& rSefonfyifjzpf\/ bmrQtjiif;yGm;p&m r&dS/ tu,f xdvuyif orm"dPfrsupjd zifh Munfygu vl[ k l kd f h l yif rjrifawmh/ kyEiemrftjzpfom jrif\/ y&rwopmt& avmu f S hf wGif yk*dKvfow0g[lr&dS/ xdkYaMumifh vludkMunfhaomfvnf; vltjzpf rjrifbJ kyemrf tjzpfom jrifjcif;jzpf\/ xdk tjrifonfvnf; trSeyifjzpf f f \/ ,if;trSefum; y&rw opmt& rSefjcif;jzpf\/ odkY&mwGif rlvtmHk um; vlyif jzpf\/ ajymif;vJjcif;r&d/ tjrifrsm;um; ajymif;vJMu\/ S ajymif;vJMuaomfvnf; xdk tjrifrsm;onf opmrsm;yif jzpf\/ opmqdk
rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

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aomfvnf; opmcsif;um; rwlygacs/ rwl aomfvnf; xdkxdkyk*dKvfrsm;\ rsufpdESifh jrifaxmifhudk MunfhwwfvQif tjiif;yGm;&efr&dS/ xdkaMumifh jrifaxmifhESifh rsufpdudkom rSefuefpGm em;vnf;zdkY vkdyg\/ tu,f vluyif 0dyemPfrsupjd zifMh unfygu xdvukd kd f h k l yif vl[lvnf; rjrif/ kyfESifhemrf[lvnf; rjrif/ odkY&mwGif jzpfysuf tjzpfom jrifav\/ xdtjrif vnf; trSeyifjzpf\/ trSm; tjrifr[kw/ k f f xdojYkd rif&m tyrm'tay: tajccHaom orm"dtm;aumif;aomaMumifh k jzpf\/ odkYjzpfav&m rlvtmHku vlyifjzpfaomfvnf; tjrifcsif; tqif h q if h uG J j ym;&m rsuf p d E S i f h j rif a xmif h u d k v d k u f tjrif c sif ; tqifhqifhuGJjym;oGm;jcif; jzpf\/ xdkodkY uGJjym;oGm;aomfvnf; olYtqifh ESifhol rSefMuonfcsnf; jzpf\/ wpfpHkwpf&m jiif;cHkzG,fr&dS/ tu,f vl u k d y if r*f Pf r suf p d j zif h M unf h y gu vl u d k vltjzpfvnf; rjrif? kyfESifh emrftjzpfvnf; rjrif? jzpfysuftjzpfvnf; rjrif/ odkY&mwGif wu,fwrf; jrif&onfuawmh jzpfysufwdkYqHk;&m edAmefomjzpf\/ tjrifrm trSeq;kH tjrifjzpf\/ trSetm;jzifh avmu S f f [lonf oknwomjzpf\/ oknw oabmudkjrifrSom wu,fwrf; ppfrSefaom t&d,opm tjrifjzpf\/ xdkodkY tjrifrsm;tqifhqifhuGJjym;aomfvnf; txufxuf tqifjh zifh jrifMuolrsm;onf atmufatmuf tqifjh zifh jrifMuolrsm;ESihf jiif;cHkrI r&dSMu/ odkY&mwGif atmufatmuf tqifhjzifh jrifMuolrsm; onfom txufxuf tqifjh zifh jrifMuolrsm;ESifh jiif;cHwwfMu\/ xdoYkd k k jiif;cHkwwfjcif;rSm txuf tqifhuom atmuftqifh\ rsufpdESifh jrifaxmifuom jrifpr;f EkiNf y;D atmuftqifu txuftqif\ rsupEihf h kd G d h h f d S jrifaxmifhudk jrifpGrf;Edkifjcif;r&dSaomaMumifh jzpf\/ xdoYkd rlv tmHwpfck wnf; jzpfygvsuf tjrifrsm; tqifhqifh k k uGJjym;jcm;em;jcif;rSm Munfholrsm;\ oEmef yyw&m;oHk;yg;wdkY txltyg; jcm;em;rIaMumifh jzpf\/ yy w&m;oHk;yg;udk tw[l qdk& \/ tw[onfrm wPSmjzifponfvnf;&d\/ rmejzifh pGJ onfvnf;&d\/ l S h JG S S 'd|djzifhpGJonfvnf;&dS\/ xdkaMumifh yy w&m;oHk;yg;wdkY\ txltyg; [lonfrSm tw\ txltyg; yifjzpf\/ odkYjzpf&m twpGJ vrf;jcif; tm;BuD;ojzifh tw pGJxlvGef;aom yk*dKvfwdkYonf olwpfyg;ESifh jiif;cHwwfMu\/ k tb,faMumifhqdkaomf olw\tjrifonf yy rsufpdjzifhom Ykd jrifwwfaom tjrifrsKd;jzpfaomaMumifh jzpf\/ trSeftm;jzifh twpGJ yg;vmonfESifhtrQ olwdkY\ tjrifonfvnf; jrifhrm;onfxuf jrifhrm; vm\/ aemufq;kH edAmefukd jrifonftxd jrifrm;vm\/ xdtcgolwonf h k Ykd tjcm;olrsm;ESihf jiif;cHjk cif; yg;yg;vm\/ aemufq;kH tjcm;olrsm;uom olwdkYESifh jiif;cHkMuaomfvnf; olwdkYonf tjcm;olrsm;ESifh jiif;cHkjcif; r&dS Muawmhacs/ ae&m twpGJ[lonfrSm igwpfa,mufwnf;taejzifh pGJjcif;om&dSonf r[kwf? trsKd;taejzifh pGJonfvnf;&dS\/ EdkifiHtaejzifh pGJonfvnf;&dS\/ twpGJ\ teufudk usrf;*efrsm; ' ar0 opH? armC rnH[lqdk\/ qdkvdk&if;rSm ]][monfom opm? tjcm;[m tm;vHk; tcsnf;ESD;}} [l jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh xdktqdk trdefYt& ]]igonfom opm? ighvlrsKd; onfom opm? igh wdkif;jynfonfom opm}}[l ]]u,frjcif;}} oabm rygbJ ]]armufrmjcif;}}oabmygaeorQ tm;vHk;twcsnf;om jzpf\/ pmrsuf E S m 28 ok d Y

DHAMMA DEW

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"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

reD vdrmzdkY
a&Tnmol (a&Tbdk)
uRerwdYk i,fi,fwe;f u &GwqcMhJ u&wJh ynmay;uAsmuav; f k f kd wpfyk'fudk owd&vkdufrdygw,f/ reD u av; rl r l , m,m xD ; uav;eJ Y v m/ / vmygapawmh vmygawmh q&mac:vS a yh g / warmh a rmh e J Y pmawG o if pma&;pmzwf o if / / pma&;pmzwf bmvk y f z d k Y reD v d r m zd k Y . ../ / uRefrwdkYa&m vdrmMuygNyDvm;/ rdkufaeMuwkef;yJvm;vdkY udk,hf ud,ukd jyefar;Munh?f awG;Munhrygw,f/ tvdrmqdwm pmrSm&Sw,fvYkd k f f d k d vJ vlBuD;rdbawGu ajymMuqdkMuw,fr[kwfvm;/ uRefrwdkY vdrmMu& atmif pmawGudka&m zwfMurSwfMu odem;vnfMuyg&JUvm;/ aus;Zl;&SiBf u;D rsm;jzpfawmfrMl uwJh v,fwq&mawmfb&m;Bu;D eJ?Y D k rmefvnfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;wdkY rdefYqdkawmfrlMuwmudk wpfqihfpum; wpfqihfem; Mum;emrSwfom;rdcJh&bl;ygw,f/ ]]cEm? tm,we? "mwf? opmavmufrS rod&if vlr[kwfbl;}} wJ/ h 'gu pmyg/ uRefrwdkYAk'bmom0ifolawmfpifrsm; vufudkifjyK tav;tjrwfxm;MuwJh tbd"rmckepfusr;f udk tusO;f csKH ;xm;wJh oN*K [f usrf;vdkYac:wJh oifdk;usrf;rSm azmfjyoifMum;xm;wJh tbd"rmoabm w&m; tvdrmpmrsm;yJ jzpfygw,f/ uRefrwdkY vdrmcsif&if pmoifMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ pmxJu A[kokw ynm&yfrsdK;pHkwdkYu uRefrwdkYudk vdrmvmMuaprSm trSefjzpfyg w,f/ 'Doabmudk em;vnfMuapzd&m a&S;olaumif;olrewu ]]tvdrm Yk G f Ykd pmrSm&Sd}} vdkY rdefYqdkTefMum;awmfrlcJhMuwmyg/ Ak'bmom jrefrmvlrsdK;awG[m? b0rSm 'grSr[kwf oHo&mrSm &cJBuHKcJawGcJjcif;w&m;qdkwJh 'kvbw&m; (5) yg;eJY jynfhpHkawmfrlMuwJh tvGeftifrwef ukodkvfuHxl;MuwJh vlrsdK;rsm;vJjzpfMuygw,f/ tJ'D&cJjcif;qdkwJh 'kvbw&m;rsm;qdkwmu (1) Ak'Kyg''kvb qdkwJh bk&m;jzpfay:onfudk &cJjcif;/ [kwfygw,f a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m; ocif yGihfawmfrlwJh? tJ'DjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifomoemawmf rqdwfokOf;ao; wJh umvyg/ (2) rEkwy#dvmbm'kvbvdkYqdkwJh 'Dbk&m;omoem awmf yGihfqJwnfqJumvrsdK;rSm vlYtjzpfudk &cJjcif;qdkwJh tjzpfyg/ 'Dvdk jrwfpGmbk&m;omoemawmfrSm vlvmjzpf&wmayrihf? olawmfaumif; rdbwdkY&JU0rf;rSm jzpfMu&wmvJ &cJjcif;? jzpfcJjcif;yg/ (3) orwd 'kvbo'gw&m;jynhfpHkrI&cJjcif;/ [kwfygw,f/ olawmfaumif;Ak'bmom omoem0if rdcifzcifwdkYrS qufcH&&SdwJh o'gw&m;eJY uRefrwdkY vljzpfcJh Mu&wmr[kwfygvm;/ (4) yAZdwbm0'kvb- &[ef;tjzpfudk &cJjcif; wJh/ 'Dvdk &[ef;tjzpfudk rSefuefpGm&&SdaewJh omoemawmfwGif;umv rsdK;jzpfwJh ,ckrsufarSmufumv rsufarSmufb0rSm uRefrwdkYwawG oHCmppf oHCmrSef? &[ef;ppf &[ef;rSef orkwdoHCmawmfawGomru? t&d,moHCmawmfawGudkyg uHxk;vQifxl;ovdk zl;awGUylaZmfEkdifMuwm [mvJ tifrwefrS &cJwJhtjzpfBuD;yg/ (5) o'rom0etwd 'kvbolawmfaumif; oljrwfavmif;awG a[mMum;jyoqdq;kH rawmfrwhJ w&m; k l a'oemawmfrsm; Mum;emrSwfom;EdkifcGihfqdkwmvJ tvGeftifrwefrS &cJ wJh 'kvbw&m;BuD;jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdktcgaumif; tcGifhaumif;rsdK;eJY BuHKBudKufcGihf&&SdaeMuwJh vuf&Sdb0rsdK;? tcgumvrsdK;? tajctaersdK;rSm jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif a[m Mum;awmfrlwJh y#dporkyg' a'oemawmf "rvm ]]cEm? tm,we? "mwf? opm}} w&m;rsm;udk aumi;fpmodem;vnfMuatmif oif,qnf;yl; G l avhvmMuNyD;? 0dyembm0em"rrsm; yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfEdkifMurSom ]]uRefrwdkYwawG vlvdrmrsm; jzpfMur,fvdkY ajymqdkvdkygw,f/ ]]tE d b l a wm? t,H a vmaum}} avmuBu;D [m rduaeygw,f/ trduw&m;wdom zH;k vTr;f aeyg k f k f Yk w,f/ avmb? a'go? arm[qdwhJ w&m;qd;k w&m;rduawGom avmu k k f udk zHk;vTrf;aeygw,f/ avmuqdwmu ysuwwf? tzefwvJvJ ysuwwfwoabm k f f hJ &SdwJh jzpfpOfw&m;BuD;yg/ tJ'DavmuxJrSm (u) owavmuvdkYqdkwJh ouf&Sdow0gawGjzpfpOfw&m;/ (c) MoumoavmuqdkwJh a&? ajr? awm? awmif? ow0gawG wnfaeMu&mbHkXme/ (*) ocFg&avmuqdkwJh jzpfrI? ysufrI? jyKjyifpD&ifrIawGvTrf;aewJh oabm&,fvdkY? oabmBuD; (3) yg; &Sdygw,f/ tJ'DavmuBuD;xJrSm usifvnfaeMu&wJh uRefrwdkYwawG tm;vH;k wd[m r*vac:qdwhJ edAmef0ifp&mvrf;aMumif;vrf;jrwftay: Yk Ykd k H ra&mufEdkifao;orQ rkdufqJrdkufNrJ rkdufaeMuOD;rSmjzpfygw,f/ ]]tod? tvdrm? bm0em-Pfynm}} qdwm[m r*vrf;aumif;vrf;jrwfBu;D ay: k udk a&mufzdkYtwGuf tvGefudk ta&;BuD;ygw,fvdkY a&S;ynm&Sdolawmf aumif;BuD;rsm; rdefYqdkqHk;rawmfrlMuygw,f/ ]]vl r d k u f e J Y v l v d r m [m vl Y b 0 vl Y c E m &Muwmcsif ; u twlwlygyJ../ y#dporkym'fa'oemt&? t0dZm? ocFg&aMumihf yp K y e f c E m ig;yg;jzpf w J h ? 0d n mPf ? emrf k y f ? oVm,we? z? a0'emawGudk &&SdvmMuNyD;? vmyHkrSmwlaomfvnf; oGm;yHkrSm rwl yg}} vlvdrmu r*jA[p&d, tusihfjrwfudkusihf? vlrdkufu r* jA[p&d,tusijfh rwfurusiy?J t0dZm? wPSmeJom om,maewJtwGuf kd hf Y h ,kwfaomw&m;awGeJYom qufNyD;oGm;aeygw,fvdkY aus;Zl;&Sifrdk;ukwf q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u Amvy@dwokwfudk udk;um; a[mMum;awmfrl ygw,f/ uRerwdwpfawGvnf; vdrm,Ofaus;olrsm;jzpfvmMu&atmif f Yk r*jA[p&d,tusihfjrwfudk usihfaqmifEdkifMu&eftwGuf? vdktyfwJhtod tvdrm bm0emynmrsm;udk oGefoifjyoqdkqHk;rEdkifrnhf ynm&Sdolawmf aumif;rsm;xH enf;cHem,lMu? orx0dyembm0emw&m;rsm; usiBfh uBH uKd ;ukwtm;xkwMf uzdYk vdNk yjD zpfaMumif;? apwemaumif;jzihf wifjy f pmrsuf E S m 26 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/

25

jrwfAk'\tvkyftauR; t&SiftmeEm
jrifhodef;(armfuRef;)
twG J (16) trS w f (4)wG i f jrwf p G m bk & m;\ vusf m awmf & H &S i f o m&d y k w &mrax&f j rwf B uD ; y&d e d A m ef p H o G m ;NyD jzpf a Mumif ; &S i f t meE m u avQmuf xm;&m? jrwf p G m bk & m;u om&d y k w & m y&d e d A m ef j yKoG m ;&mwG i f oif c spf o m;\ oDv? orm"d? ynmESihf ypa0uPmPf wd k Y u d k ,l a qmif o G m ;avovm;[k ar;&m &SiftmeEmu r,laqmifoGm;yg bk&m; [k jrwf p G m bk & m;tm; jyef v nf a vQmuf xm;jcif ; wG i f tqH k ; owf x m;ygonf / ,ck t cg ,if ; \tquf u d k twG J (18) trS w f ( 2)rS p quf v uf a zmf j yoG m ; ygrnf / bk&m;&Sifu qufvuf ]]tmeEm? tm;vH;k aom cspociforsm;ESifh aouGEi&iuJG f l l J S fh S f rvGJraoG cGJcGm&rnf[k igbk&m; ,cifuwnf; u today;a[mMum;rxm;aybl;vm;/ jzpfay: vmjcif;? wnf&aejcif;? ocFg&w&m;wd\ jyKjyif dS Yk pD&ifrIudk cH&jcif;ESihf ,dk,Gif;aqG;ajrUvmjcif; wnf;[laom obm0&Sdavonhft&mwdkYudk wpfOD;wpfa,mufu rysufpD;ygapESihf[k qE jyK qkawmif;r&Ediay/ xdaMumihyif tmeEm k f Yk f oif c spf o m;ud k , f w d k i f o nf y if cspf o m;\ axmuf w nf&mjzpfygap? cspfom;udk,fwdkif onf omcspf o m;\ud k ; uG , f tm;xm;&m o mcspf jzpf y gap/ tjcm;rnf o nh f t &mud k r Q ud k ; uG , f t m;xm;rae ygES i h f / "r o nf o m cspfom;\axmufwnf&m jzpfygap/ "rrSvGJ rnfonht&mudrQ ud;k uG,tm;xm;raeygESi}fh } f k f [k rdefYMum;awmfrlyg onf/
nanda have I not previously proclaimed that there must be separation, while living and through deat, from all that are dear and beloved. Of that which has the natuer of arising, of existing, of being conditioned and of decay, one cannot wish that it should not come to dissolution. Therefore, Ananda let yourselves be your won firm support, and let yourselves and not anything else, be your refuge; let the Dhamma be your own firm support, and let the Dhamma and not anything else, be your refuge".

xdrwzef bk&m;&Sionf &mZN*Kd [oYkd k S f f <uoGm;awmfrygonf/ wefaqmifre;f vuG,aeY l k f wGif t&Sifarm*vmef ukd,fawmfBuD;onf &mZ N*Kd [jf ynf? ]]od*v}d } awmifay:&Sd ]]umVodvm}} d trnf&Sdaom ausmufzsmxufwGif y&dedAmef pH0ifawmfrlacsonf/
Then the Buddha went to Rajagaha. On the waning day of Kattika, Ven. Moggallana attained Parinibbana on stone -. slab called "Kalasila" on "Isigili" hill in Ra -jagaha.

17/ csuf 17/ t&SiftmeEm\ tm;enf;cRwf,Gif;csuf rsm; ]]rd ]] * oD o }} Mu,f x G e f ; vif ; aom (jrefrmvdkewfawmf? 'DZifbmvcefY) vjynhfaeY wGif bk&m;&Sionf &[ef;awmfrsm;vkuygvsuf f d f 0Zdwdkif; ]]OuapvNrdKUawmf}} odkY <uawmfrlyg onf/ xdNk rKd UwGif bk&m;&Sionf t*om0uBu;D f ESpfyg; y&dedAmefpHawmfrloGm;Muojzihf 0rf;enf; ylaqG;aeMu&Smonhf &[ef;awmfrsm;udk w&m;"r jzihf ESpfodrfhapawmfrlNyD; owdy|mefav;yg; - a'oemawmf (pwkowdy|me) udk a[mMum; The Buddha then continued: "A awmfrlygonf/
17. His defects On the full moon day of Migasi sa (Nadaw in Myanmar and about December), the Buddha, accompanied by the bhikkhus, went to "Ukkacela City" in Vajji country. There he solaced with Dhamma to the bhikkhus who grieved for the passing away of two chief disciples, and expounded the sermon of Four Foundations of Mindfulness (Catusatipatthana). .. -

Mu,f}} xGe;f vif;aom (jrefrmvdk wydw?JG azazmf Yk 0g&DvcefY) vjynhfaeY? r[mou&mZf (147)ck? (bDpD 544) jzpfyg\/ bk&m;&Sifonf a0omvD NrKd UwGi;f odYk qGr;f cH<uNy;D aemuf t&SitmeEmvkuf f d ygvsuf ]]pmygv}} ewfuGef;odkY aeYoefYpif&ef <uoGm;awmfrlygonf/ pmygv ewfuGef;? bk&m;&Sifu ]Oa'e}? ]a*gwru}? owr}? ]A[k ykw} ? ]om&E'} ESifh ]pmygv} ewfue;f toD;oD; G wdkYonf om,mMunfEl;zG,faumif;Muyg\/ a0omvDrSmvnf; xdkYtwlyif[k rdefYMum;awmf rlygonf/

-Then the Buddha went to Vesali . - gha' It was the full moon day of 'Ma (Tabotwe in Myanmar and bout February), 147 Maha Era (544 B.C), after the alms-round in Vesali , the Buddha, followed by - Ananda, went to 'Capala', shrine for day - rest. The Buddha said, at Capala shrine, that each of the shrines 'Udena', Gotamaka', 'Sattamba', 'Bahuputta', Sarandada' and 'Ca -la' was delightful and Vesali too. -pa

xdkrSwpfzef bk&m;&Sifonf a0omvD jynfoYkd <uoGm;awmfrygonf/ xdaeYonf ]]rmC l k

qufvuf rnfolrqdk 'dyg'f av;yg;ud k yG m ;rsm;vsuf tzef w vJ v J avhusihfum olpD;eif;zdkY tajccH,mOftjzpf toihjf yifqifxm;cJygvQi?f tu,fxdoonf h k l tvdk&Sdjim;tHh? tm,kuyfwpfckvHk;aomfvnf; aumif;? xdxufyaomfvnf;aumif; wnfEif k kd kd onf/ igbk&m;onf wefcdk;'dyg'fwdkYudk tNyD;wdkif yGm;rsm;xm;NyD;avNyD/ xdkYaMumihfyif igbk&m;&Sitvd&awmfrvQif tm,kuyfywfv;kH f k dS l aomf v nf ; aumif ; ? xd k x uf y d k aomf v nf ; aumif;? wnfaeawmfrlEdkif\[k rdefYMum;awmf rlygonf/
He continued that if whosoever,

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"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/ pmygvewfuGef; oDwif;oHk;awmfrl&if;BuD;rm; cdirmaomowdw&m;ESifh ud,awmfwiaumif; k f kf f kd f pGm od&SdawmfrlNyD; tm,kocFg (touf&Sifwnf &S&ef jyKjyifp&ifrI pGr;f &nfwefc;kd ) udk vTwawmf d D f rlvkdufavNyD/
The Blessed One gave such plain hints three times and A nanda three times failed to catch the hints. The Blessed One expelled him who seated himself under a near by tree and was still in stupor. Suddenly, at that time, the earth vehemently trembled and resounded with the rool of thumder bursting loudly in the sky with unseasonable fleshes of lighting. So, he went to the Buddha and asked him why. The Buddha said, three months later, he will pass utterly into Parinibbana. Tatha-pala shrine, with gata, staying at this Ca mindfulness and clear comprehension, relinquished the Power of Sustaining Vital. ity (ayusankhara). main for the whole life-span. The Bhagava replied that it was not the appropriate time to say this. When A nanda requested for three times, the Bhagava inquired if he had faith in the Ommiscience (8 abbauta an . -gata. When A nanda affirmed a) of Tatha this, Tathagata asked him why he them persisted against the Tathagata up to three times.

developed four Bases of Psychic Power -(cattaro iddhi pata), practised repeatedly, prepared them as his vehicle and his foundation, could, if he so desired, lived out the life-span (ayukappa) or even beyond -gata had perfectly developed it. The Tatha these powers, therefore, the Tathagata could, if he so desired, live out the life span or even beyond it.

t&SiftmeEmonf rdrd\vdktifqE? xdkonfhaemufwGif bk&m;&Sifu ay; tmoDoESihf twdtuswpfxyfwnf;jzpfonhf oem;awmfrlaom ay:vGifxif&Sm;odomaom rQyif ruG,fraxmifh? ay:ay:xifxifESifh t&dyft>rufpum;udk olr&dyfrdEdkifojzihf bk&m; odomay:vGiaom t&dyt>rufreMYf um;csuukd f f d f &Sitm; qufvufwnfaeawmfryg&ef rawmif; f l emMum;&ygvsuf? cyfodrf;aom ow0gwdkYudk yefcJhwmonf olYtjypfyifjzpfaMumif;? wm0ef oem;ojzihf wnfaeawmfrlyg&ef bk&m;&Sifudk raus? ysuf u G u f c J h a Mumif ; ? taMumif ; rS m ? yefMum;awmif;yefjcif;rjyKrygacs/ t&SitmeEm d f tu,fom oluawmif;yefcygvQi?f ESpBf urf hJ df onf t&dyt>rufpum;awmfukd Za0Z0gjzpf f xd bk&m;&Sijf iif;y,fawmfrvrrnfjzpfaMumif;? l d hf &dyfpm;rjcif;r&SdyJ ysufuGuf&jcif;rSm olYtay: odkYaomf oHk;BudrfwdkifvQif bk&m;&Sifvkdufavsm wGif vTrf;rdk;Edkifonhf wefcdk;tweftoihf&Sdae oabmwlayvdrhfrnfjzpfaMumif; ,cktcgrQ ao;aom ,kwrmonhf ]rm&fewf} u ol\pdwf f omr[kwf? a&S;,cifuvnf; wpfq,hfig;Budrf udk yl;uyfaESmuf,uxm;aomaMumif[k qdMk u S f h ,ckawmh enf;enf;rS wHqi;f raeawmh rQyif uJhodkYaom xif&Sm;odomonhf t&dyf Yk kd onf/ bJ? tm,kuyfywfvHk; wnfaeawmfrlyg&ef a&T t>rufudk olYtm; bk&m;&Sifu rdefYMum;awmfrlcJh Although A nanda was given bk e f ; awmf o cif b k & m;&S i f u d k t&S i f t meE Ny;aMumif;? rdeMYf um;csewi;rSmyif t&SitmeEm D d f dk f f such plain and broad hints, which certainly awmif;yefavQmufxm;ygawmhonf/ bke;awmf onf tcGifhta&;udk vufvGwfqHk;IH;apcJhNyDjzpf f coincided with his own longing he did not BuD;jrwfawmfrlaom bk&m;&Sifu odkYavQmuf aMumif; &Sif;vif;pGm odapawmfrlygonf/ beg the Buddha to stay alive out of comxm;&ef tcgroifhawmhaMumif; jyefvnfrdefY Then the Buddha made it dear to passion for all beings. It was said that Ananda failed to catc the hints, in his confu- Mum;awmfrlygonf/ t&SiftmeEmu oHk;Budrf A nanda that he had let the opportunity sion, his mind had been possessed by 'Ma wd k i f a tmif yef M um;avQmuf x m;awmf r l & m slip by: saying that it was his own fault, he -ra'.The Evil One, who still had some de- bke;awmfajcmufyg;ocifb&m;&Siu bk&m;&Sif had failed, in as much as he was unable to f k f grasp the plain hints given by the Tathaga gree of power over him. wdkY\ oAnKw PfawmfBuD;udk,HkMunfyg&JU -ta and he did not ask him to remain. For if bkef;awmfBuD;jrwfaom bk&m;&Sif avm[k ar;jref;awmfrygavonf/ tcditrm l k f he had done so, twice the Tathagata might onf odkYrQodomay:vGifvSaom t&dyft ,HMk unfygaMumif; t&SitmeEmu avQmufwif have rejected, but the third time he would f >rufukd oH;k Burwiwif rdeMYf um;awmfr&m t&Sif avaomf bk&m;&Sifu? odkYjzpfvQif bmhaMumihf have consented. He also reminded that not d f kd f kd l tmeEmu oHk;BudrfvHk;yif &dyfrdEdkifjcif;r&Sd? ysuf bk&m;&Siukd oH;k Burwiwif ZGww&Gwqefusif only now but already fifteen times previf d f kd f kd f f Y ously he had told him such a plain hint; uGufawmfrlcJhygacsonf/ a&Tbkef;awmfocif aeygoenf;[k ar;awmfrl&ygavonf/ each time Ananda had remained silent. bk&m;&Sifu olYudkESifawmfrlvkduf&m teD;&Sd Now, without a moment's hesita(To Be continue) opfyifwpfyifatmufwGif wpfudk,fwnf;xkdif tion, A nanda begged the Bhagava to rejrif h o d e f ; (armf u Ref ; ) vsuf awG a 0rd e f ; armaeqJ y if & S d y gacs\/ xdktcsdefwGif kwfw&ufyif urmajrBuD;onf pmrsuf E S m 24 rS tvGefyif jyif;xefpGmwkefvIyfNyD;? &moDtcsdef tyfygonf/ "r0D& rmru "rcspfcifolawmfpiftaygif;wdkY/ tcgr[kwf vQyp;D rsm; w0if;0if;ESihf aumif;uif f em;eJ Y M um;? EI w f e J Y & G w f ? pd w f e J Y B uH ? Pf e J Y o d ? bm0emowd wpfcGif rdk;csKef;oHBuD;rsm; us,favmifpGm vuf&SdcEm rwG,fwmeJY? aemifvmb0? rawmifhwyJ? aMumifhMu ZGJjzihf? tNrJrjywf? ayguf u G J ? xpf c sKef ; ? yJ h w if j rnf [ nf ; vsuf 0dyem? avhvmBudrfzef? tmpdPuH? jzpfaMumif;rSef rl? xdkonhfolum;? t,lrvGJ? uwdNrJ\/ &Sdaeyg \/ xdkYaMumihf t&SiftmeEmonf rD;pGJavmifrS? a&udkwaomf? r&jzpftif? yHkEdIif;,SOf? r*oaE? wnfNrJaeatmif? bk & m;&S i f x H oG m ; taMumif ; t&if ; ud k raocifu? jyifqifawmufavQmuf? arhraysmufESihf? acR;ayguf,dkpD;? aocgeD;0,f? tNyD;rkcs? ar;avQmuf y gacs onf / oH k ; vvG e f v Qif r*if&vdrfh? udpravsmf? taMumif; ay:? rawmfwq? r*fr&OD;? b0tpGef? wrvGefwGif? bk&m;&Sifonf cEmy&d edAmefpH0ifawmhrnf[k xl;cReftHhavmuf? ewfjynfa&muf? razmufrjyef? aomwmyefppf? {uefjzpfonf? rvpf rd e f Y M um;awmf r l v k d u f y g onf / 0dyemtusdK;wnf;/ / (aus;Zl;&Sif rdk;ukwfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;) a&S;a&S;aombk&m;&Sifrsm;uJhodkYyif ]]bm0emjrifuGif; Pftvif;&Muygap..}} vmjcif;aumif;awmfrlaom bk&m;&Sifonf a&T n mol (a&T b d k )

DHAMMA DWE
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

27

Aka'g&o t&SifEmp&d,
(aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&? arS m f b D )

t&dyfaumif;
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1/ (Parental love..by K-Sri Dhamma

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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34

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35

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Good question Good answers by Ven.Dhammika

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

36

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DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

38

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aiGMu,fpifwkdYaemufokdY vkdufoGm;jcif;
Follows the Starry path
By Dhamma Vi-ra Thandar Aung, ITBM University, Yangon,

(,cif t ywf r S t quf )

'D u aeY a cwf r D o d y H t wwf y nmawG x J u wpf c sd K Uwpf c sKd U twwfynmawG[m pmawGUa&mvufawGUyg oif,lavhvmMu&wJh twGuf txufrSmajymcJhwJh Am[kopxJrSm yg0ifw,fvdkYajym&rSmjzpfyg w,f/ 'DoytwwfynmawGteufu wpfcsKd U[m 'Db0 tusK;d pD;yGm; d H udom aqmif&uay;EkiwhJ ynm&yfawGjzpfygw,f/ wpfcsKd Uynm&yfawG k G f d f u 'Db0tusK;d pD;yGm;a&m aemifb0tusK;d pD;yGm;twGuuyg &Guaqmif f kd f ay;EkdifwmaMumihf 'DodyqdkwJh odytwwf[m ]]BuD;yGm;csrf;oma&; r*Fvmtppf}}jzpfw,fvdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;udk,fawmfwdkif rdefYqdkawmfrlyg w,f/ wpfzufu BuD;yGm;csrf;oma&;r*Fvmtppf twwfynmawG jzpfwnftusKd;jyKaeovdk tjcm;wpfzufrSmvJ vlom;awG&JU touf tkd;tdrfpnf;pdrfawGudk nOf;yrf;owfjzwf zsufqD;ypfpGrf;wJh tukokdvf ruif;wJh vufeufxwvyrtwwf? tqdy"mwfaiGU xkwvyrI twwf? k f k f I f f k f tzsupr;f tm;Bu;D rm;wJh EsLuvD;,m;vufeuf xkwvyrtwwf ynm f G f k f I awGuae tedrfhqHk; ydkufuGefNrHK;? ,ufoJh? TwfuGif;? axmifacsmuftp &SdwJh a&aeig;? ykpGef? ow0gi,fuav;awGeJY aus;iSuf? om;&J wd&pmef awGukd axmifzrf;owfjzwfwhJ vufeufu&,m wefqmyvmawGjyKvyf d d k wJh twwf? rl;,pfaq;0g;azmfpyfwJhtwwf? ao&nfao&ufvkyfwJh twwf y nmawG u 'D b 0tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;wpf c PomtwG u f o m aqmif&GufEkdifygw,f/ aemifb0tusKd;pD;yGm;udkawmh ysufpD;apwwfyg w,f/ wpfcsKdUtwwfawGu 'Db0tusKd;pD;yGm;a&m? aemifb0tusKd;pD;

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THRAVADAPERSPECTIVE

"r 0 D & -oE m atmif yGm;udkyg ysufpD;qHk;HI;apwwfygw,f/ 'gaMumihf 'DodytwwfynmawG [m avmuBuD;yGm;csrf;oma&;r*FvmrjzpfapyJ qkwf,kwfysufpD;a&; tr*Fvmtwwfynm Inauspicious Art rsm;omjzpfygw,f/ ]]raumif ; wH k v wf ? ygy0#f r S ? uif ; vG w f o rQ od y u J j rwf ? twwfxl;vnf;? wwfonfwaMumif;}} vkdY odyr*Fvm&JU oabmudk rHka&G; q&mawmfu rdefYqkdxm;ygw,f/ raumif;rI tukokdvf0J*,ufrS vGwfuif;orQ tjypfr&SdwJh vGefuJjrihfjrwfwJh odyynmtwwfxl;udk wwfuRrf; jcif;[m ]]odyr*Fvm}} rnfw,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ 'gYtjyif ]]ynmvGe f u sL;? *k P f t xl ; ES i h f ? aus;Zl ; &S d r l ? ]ynmvG xd k o ol t m;? acgif ; yg;qif ; &J ? &S d r nf c J \ }} vdkYvJyJawmifzDvm q&mawmfbk&m; u qdkrdefYawmfrlygw,f/ ]]BuD ; cd k i f v H k Y v ? Om[jzih f ? jcES i h f y H k x m;? ysm;ES i h f y H k a xmuf ? a&ayguf e nf ; ,l ? xl x l x x? oif M um;Mu od y j ynh f p H k uHkvHkynm? wwfvdrfrmaomf}} vkdYvJ ]OwdErif;ysKdU}}rSmqdkygw,f/
Once one has acquired some skill in any of these sences, that could be utilized as one's livelihood or as a hobby. In choosing a profession first make sure that it would be for the good of the people and it is not demeritorious.
~~(3) okodudw0de, ynm Susikkhita vinaya panna

Good/ Well learning in moral discipline

a,m-ud wm0dea,m k,fusihf0denf;udk tqHk;trudk? okodudawm aumif;pGmoifjcif;? usijfh cif;vkYd t"dyg ,f&ygw,f/ 'gudk okouw 0de, d d ynmvdqygw,f/ 'DynmrSmu ,Ofaus;rI"avheYJ usi0wfpnf;urf;rsm; Yk kd fh twdi;f pepfwus aqmufwnfaexdiwwfatmif avhvmoif,Ml u&wJh k k f ynm&yfjzpfygw,/f ]odudw} qdkwJh yk'f&JUteufu oifMum;jcif; Teaching rQom jzpfygw,f/ 'gayr,fh 'Dvkd oifrQeawmhjzihf r*Fvmrjzpfyg/ 'gudoif,l kH YJ k avhvmNyD; usifhrS practise vkyfEkdifrSom r*Fvmjzpfygr,f/ tqHk;tr udk aumif;pGmoabmayguf em;vnfatmif oif,lNyD;awmh oGefoif qHk;rwJhtwdkif; vdkufemum vufawGUjyKvkyfajymqkdaexdkifjcif;udk ]0dea,mp okodudawm} vdkYqdkygw,f/ pmrsuf E S m 18 ok d Y