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Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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tEkt&ifhukdMunfhNyD; w&m;a[mjcif;wkdY yg0if ayw,f/ 2/ ykpm0odu= odvkda&;eJYar;jref; vmcsufrsm; ukd ajzMum;jcif;/ 3/ tw Z mo, = rd r d u k d , f a wmf wk d i f u a[mMum;vdk a[mMum; oifh a[mjcif;/ (Oyrm-"rpMum? tewvuPokwf ponf) 4/ twKywdu = yk*KdvfwpfOD; wpfa,muf&JU y b0jzpfpOf taMumif; t&mpkHwkdYukd aemifvm aemif o m;rsm; od & S d r S w f o m;apvd k a[mMum;awmf rljcif;wkdYyJjzpfygw,f/ wpf r d o m;eJ Y w pf r d o m; vuf x yf xd r f ; jrm;jcif ; qk d w J h td r f a xmif a &;ud p [ m vlom;awG ,Ofaus;pjyKwJhtcsdefu pwifcJh w,f v k d Y qk d E k d i f y gvd r f h r ,f / rd b awG [ m tcsdefweft&G,fa&mufvmwJh om;orD;rsm;ukd rdb0w&m;&Swm eJtnD oifawmf&m trsK;d om; d Y h trsK;d orD;rsm;eJY vufxyfxr;f jrm;ay;Mu&w,f/ d orD;unm tcgrvifhapeJY? oD;csdefwefoD; yGifhcsdefwefawmh yGifh? tawmifpkH&if ysHoef;Mu wmyJ p wJ h p um;&yf a wG [ m td r f a xmif a &; udp&JU a&SUajy;edrdwfawGygyJ/ rd b 0w & m;ig;yg; ]]raumif;jrpfwm? aumif;&mTevwf? twwf f oifap? ay;a0ED;S &if;? xdr;f jrm;jcif;vQi?f 0wfig; tif? zcif r,fwwm}} / Ydk m}} }}/ raumif ; wJ h u d p r sm; rjyKvk y f & ef wm;jrpfjcif;? aumif;wJhudp BuD;yGm;a&;? pD;yGm; a&;? ynma&;? ukova&;udprsm;ukd jyKvy&ef dk f k f

FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smufonf/ 'kw, oH0gookw?f yxr orZD0ow?f 'kw, d d k d orZD 0 d o k w f a wG x J u aumuf E I w f a &;om; wif j yygr,f / td r f a xmif a &;eJ Y ruif ; Mu ao;wJhtwGuf pOf;pm; zG,f&m? qifjcifzG,f&m? erl e m,l z G , f & m wpf p k H w pf c k u k d &&S d o G m ;Mu vdrfhr,fvkdY ,kHMunfpGmarQmf vifhygw,f/ Ak ' b k & m;[m c&D ; &S n f a 'opm&D xG u f < uawmf r l & m a0& m jynf e J Y r"k & NrKd U tMum;rS m a&muf & S d a eawmf r l y gw,f / wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ 'G,H? 'G,H tpkHtpkHjzpfMuwJh ZeD;armifESHawGuvnf; c&D;oGm;aeMuw,f/ Ak ' b k & m;[m t&d y f t m0goaumif ; wJ h opfyifBuD;wpfyifatmufrSm tyef;ajzem;ae ckdufrSm ol<u,fvifr,m;ESpf a,mufwkdYu]]a[m [krm[krm bk&m;ocifygvm;}} d S d S vkdYajymvkduf&m c&D;oGm;vm&if;a&mufaeMuwJh ZeD;armifESHawGvnf; bk&m;&Sifukdzl;jrifMuyg w,f/ tJ'tcserm Ak'b&m;[m vifr,m; D d f S k rsm;eJYoufqkdifwJhw&m;ukd a[mMum;ay;awmf rlygw,f/ ]]c&D;oGm;vm 'g,dum 'g,dumrwkdY twlaeMuwJvifr,m;av;rsK;d av;pm;&Sw,f/ h d tJ'gawGuawmh1/ olaovifa,musfm;eJY olaor,m; twlwuGaygif;oif;aeMujcif;/ 2/ olaovifa,musfm;eJY ewforD;r,m; twlwuGaygif;oif;aeMujcif;/ 3/ ewfom;vifa,musfm;eJY olaor,m; twlwuGaygif;oif;aeMujcif;/ 4/ ewfom;vifa,musfm;eJY ewforD;r,m; twlwuGaygif;oif;aeMujcif; wkdYjzpfw,f}} c&D;oGm; ZeD;r,m;eJY vifa,musfm; armifESHawG[m Ak'bk&m;&JUa[mMum;csufukd Mum;MuwJhtcg wpfa,mufrsufESmwpfa,muf Munfum ighvif[m ewfom;vm; olaoaumif h vm;? ighZeD;r,m;[m ewforD;vm; olao aumifvm; qkdwJhtawG;rsm;eJY MunfhItuJcwf Muw,f/ Ak'b&m;u bmaMumif'va[mawmf k h D dk rlygvdrfh vkdYpOf;pm;aeMuqJrSm Ak'bk&m;u teuft"dym,fukdyg zGifhqkda[mMum;awmfrl vkuygw,f/ d f 1/ 'um 'umrwkdY avmu vifa,musfm; onf olYtoufukd owfavh&Sd\/ ray;onfukd ckd;,l avh&Sd\/ umrwkdY rSm;,Gif;pGmusifhavh&Sd\/ rrS e f p um;uk d q k d a vh & S d \ / ao&nf t &uf (rl;,pf aq;0g;rSeorQ) ukd aomufo;Hk avh&\/ f dS

Ak'*wum D d
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) "r | 0*f - w&m;wnf j cif ; tk y f p k 0d e d p , r[mrw 0w K

Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0wdjynf aZw0efausmif;awmf aeawmfrlaomtcg wHpkd; vufaqmifpm; rkd;rom;w&m;pD&ifukefaom trwfwkdYukd taMumif;jyK ]]e awe a[mwd "ra|m}} paom ESpf*gxmukd a[mawmfrl\/ e awe a[mwd "ra|m? a,ewH om[om ea,/ a,m p twH tew? Oabm edap,s y@dawm/ jref r muAsm w&m;qkH;jzwf pkd;vmbfpm;,l? w&m;buf rwnfxkdufol? usdK;rJh&Sdjim; ESpfyg;ukdrl? pkHprf;tyf qkH;jzwfy@dwf[l/
He is not thereby 'just' because he hastily arbitrate. The wise man should investigate both right and wrong.

t om[aoe "are? oare e,wD ya&/ "r *kawm ar"m0D? ]]"ra|m}} wd y0kpwd/

pum;ajy/ / tMuiftaMumif;aMumifh qkH;jzwftyfaom w&m;wkdYukd vsifjrefpGm (rSm;,Gif;pGm) qkH;jzwf\/ xkdokdY(wHpkd;vufaqmif pm;) qkH;jzwf aomaMumifh w&m;wnfol(w&m;olBuD;) rjzpf / trS m ;trS e f ( tusd K ;&S d o nf ? r&S d o nf ) uk d v nf ; aumif ; ? ES p f y g;pk H u k d v nf ; aumif ; (pkHprf;ar;jref;) ynm&Sdonf w&m;rSefatmifqkH;jzwf&m\/ jref r muAsm w&m;nDnTwf rcRwfatmifom? olwkdYEkdifrI IH;rIESpfjzm? w&m;apmifhwwf qkH;jzwfolom? xkdy@d wnf&Sdw&m;rSm/
The intelligent man who leads others not falsely but lawfully and impartially, and is guarded by the Dhamma is called "one who stands in the Dhamma (dhammattha)"

pum;ajy/ / w&m;Oya'ESifhnDpGm (rsufESm rvkdufaomtm;jzifh) olwyg;wkdY (EkdifrIIH;rIESpf&yf) ukd rcRw,i;f &atmif qk;H jzwfwwfaom w&m; Oya'ukapmifoum ynmESijhf ynfpaom ynm&Sd f G d h d h Hk ukd w&m;wnfol (w&m;olBuD;) [l qkdxkdufavonf/ ukd,fusifhoDvr&Sd/ pdwfoabmxm;,kwfnHh\/ pkHwGJum; vifa,musfm;uvnf; olao o0efwkdwwf\/ orP? jA[Prsm;ukd qJa&; aumif? r,m;uvnf; olaoaumif olao aumifcsif; aygif;oif;aexkdifMuolrsm;jzpf\/ Ncdrf;ajcmuf\/ quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / r,m;jzpf o l u vnf ; enf ; ES i f E S i f vif rH k & G m aeZm a,musfm;uJhodkYyif oDvr&Sd/ azmufjyefbd\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/ oabm obm0udk pdppfpl;prf;avhvmMunhfaomtcg ig igwdkY igh[m igYOpmponfh igwnf;[laom twpGJrsm;? twrmefrsm;jzihf jynfhaeaom tZw pd w f v T m jyif B uD ; ud k o mawG U aeMuav&m tmumo [if;vif;jyifav[me,f\ yHk[efoPmef oGifjyifvuPmudk qvif'g xk v H k ; &S n f yH k o P m ef a vm? od k Y r [k w f 0ef ; 0d k u f a uG U ywf a eaom aMumifvdrfavSum;yHkoPmefavm[l cGJjcm;r&jzpfaeMu&onf/ tw? rme? igpGJjyif;xefvsuf&Sdaeaom urmavmuBuD; xJ w G i f tmumo [if ; vif ; jyif a v[me,f \ yH k [ ef o P m ef oGifjyifvuPmudk omreftm;jzihf qvif'g xkvHk;&SnfyHk [kwfr[kwf r[kwfvQif auGYywf &pfacGoGm;aom aMumifvdrfpuf0ef;yHkjzpfrnf[k tMurf;zsif;csihfwGuf cefYrSef;NyD; vufcHvdkufMu&rnfomjzpfonf/ tqihf tajctaeodkY qdkufa&mufaeNyDqdkonfESihf vHk;0jynhfpHkaeNyDjzpfaom tajccHtaMumif;w&m;rsm;ESihf twl vdkufwm xufydkaeNyD;jzpfaom udk,fusihfodumrsm; t<uif;r&Sd jynhfpHkaeaom tqihfokdY qkdufa&mufaeygNyD} [lAk'u a[mMum;cJhygonf/ kyfoufoufudk tajccHNyD; trSefwu,fpdwful;MunhfHkjzihf taESmiftzGJUrS uif; &Sif;vGwfajrmufaeaom owdESihf tNrJ,SOfvsuf &Sdaeaom pdwfudk em;vnfod&SdEkdifMurnfjzpfonf/ xdktaESmiftzGJUrS uif;&Sif;vGwfajrmufaeaom owdESihf tNrJ,SOfvsuf&Sdaompdwfjzihf wpfckwnf; wpfpdwfwnf; wpfkyfwpfemrf wnf;tjzpfwnf&Sdaeaom pdwfuav;csKyf qHk;aysmufuG,foGm;NyD; onhaemuf tueftowf tydwtyif t[eftwm;r&Sd tqH;k r&Saom f Y f Y d wnfae&mBuD;twGif; wodrhfodrfh xdawGUcHpm; &if; yDwd jzpfae&muae wpfcsdefwnf; wpfNydKifwnf;wGif igwnf;[laom twuif;qdwfoGm; onfhtjzpfodkYqdkufa&mufayonf/ igqdkwm b,fvdkuae pwifjzpfwnfvmwmvJ qdkonfudk aocsmpGmawG;ac:Munhfaomtcg igjzpfwnfvmzdkY&m taESmiftzGJUrS uif;rJhaom tmumo[if;vif;jyifav[me,fxJrSm b,fvkdtawGU tBuHK&atmif &SmazGEkdifzG,f&mr&Sdonfudk awGU&ygonf/ xdkYaMumihf igqdkwm b,fvdkuae pwifjzpfvmonfqdkwmudk puf0ef;yHkoPmef&Sdaom tmumo[if;vif;jyif av[me,fodkY tjyefYtESHY0ifa&mufxdk;azmufNyD; aphpyfpGm &SmMunhfaomtcg tuefY towf? tydwftyif twm;tqD;rsm;r&Sdaom wpfOD;wpfa,muf wpfpHkwpfckqdkaom wpfkyfwpfemrfrS uif;qdwfonfh tem'dteE twd k i f ; tqyrmP qd w f o k O f ; aomtqih f od k Y r [k w f tajctae wpf&yfqDodkY jrihfwufqdkufa&mufoGm;ygonf/ &Sifr[mAk'aCmo\ 0dok'dr*fusrf;rl tmumo [if;vif; jyifav[me,fESihf ywfouf azmfjy&m ]taES m if t zG J U t[ef Y t wm;? twm;tqD ; uif ; rJ h a om tmumo[if;vif;jyif av[me,fqdkonfrSm ur|mef;w&m;yGm;rsm;? tm;xkwfaeolwpfa,muf\ owdESihf,SOfvsuf&Sdaom pdwftpOfrS r*fpsmefodkY ul;0ifoGm;aom pdwfrSm tuefYtowf tydkif;tjcm;r&Sdaom wpfcwnf;aom emrfywrS uif;qdwvsu&dS aom tqH;k tqr&Saom k k f Ykd f f d tmumo[if;vif;jyif av[me,f\ teEoauFwoabmodkY wpfpHk wpf&m tcuftcJr&Sd0ifqHha&muf&SdoGm;avonf}} [k azmfjyxm;onf udkawGU&onf/ tmumo[if;vif;jyif av[me,fqdkonfrSm kyf0wKtpdkif tcJj'yfr[kwfaom wnf&SdrIwpf&yfom jzpfonf[k tNrJwrf;qdkovdk pmrsuf E S m 9 ok d Y

Ak'a*gwr\ pMu0Vm(urm)tjrif
wu o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r m p&d , ? B.A)

(,cif t ywf r S t quf )

tmumo[if;vi;fjyif av[me,fESihf qufpyfaeaom vlYcEmudk,frSm rsufpd? em;? ESmacgif;? yg;pyftp&Sdaom taygufrsm; onf tmumoav[me,fESihfpyfaom t&mrsm;omjzpfonf[l a[mMum;cJhygonf/ rdvdEymwGif t&Sifem*aoeu ]]tmumo[if;vif;jyifav[me,fqonfrm cdiciNf rNJ rq,l kd S k f kd J JG qk y f u d k i f j yEk d i f a om t&mr[k w f ? tyd k i f ; tjcm;tuef Y t owf r &S d ? tem'd t eE tqH k ; tpuif ; qd w f a om t&momjzpf o nf } } [l a[mMum;tajzay;cJhonf/ Ak'a*gwru &SiftmeEmudk ]]tmeEm igbk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfwdkif tem'dteE tqHk;tp tydkif;tjcm;r&Sd &Snfvsm;vSpGmaom bmrQr&SdvGwfaeaomt&mudk rMumcP pl;prf;qifjcifae&yg\}} [la[mawmfrlcJhonf/ xdkrSquf Ak'u &SiftmeEmudk qufvufrdefYMum;&m ]]&[ef;oHCmrsm;taeESihf rdrdwdkY\ twGif;odpdwfrsm;udk pl;prf;pdppfaeMu&rnf jzpfygonf/ xdkodkYpdwfudk pl;prf;pdppf &SmazGae &if;uae twGif;pdwfuav;onf qdwfNidrf at;csrf;oGm;NyD;aemuf wpfckwnf; wpfpdwfwnf; wpfkyfwpfemrfwnf;om&Sdaom pdwf uav;jzpf v mrnf / aemuf q H k ; csKyf N id r f ; aysmuf u G , f o G m ;aom tjzpfrsKd;qDodkY tvdkvdk a&mufoGm;rnf/ xdkuJhodkY jzpfay:vmonfESihf wpfNydKifeufwnf;vdkvdkrSmyif rdrd\cEmudk,fwpfckvHk; taESmiftzGJUrS uif ; &S i f ; vG w f a jrmuf N yD ; aeaomtjzpf u d k vuf i if ; rd r d u d k , f w d k i f xdawGUcHpm; em;vnfaeoltjzpf ajymqdkaeMujcif;jzpfayonf/ tmumo[if;vif;jyif av[me,fEiywfoufaom oGijf yif S fh vuPmyHk[efoPmefrSm vHk;0ef;aomyHkoPmefrsKd;omvQifjzpfoihf onf[k xifjrif,lq,HkMunfaerdMuonf/ trSevufawGUtm;jzihf oifwYkd uREyw\ twGi;f tZwpwf f kf f Ykd d

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;udk jyqkdonf/

em;cdk&m(2)
r[mcE D ( &ef u k e f a qmif )

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf pdwfESvHk;ESifhb0udk Nidrf;csrf;aponf/

(rsufESmzkH;pmrsufESmrS)

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ oN*K[fusrf;tvdkt& aombPpdwf(59)yg; vH;k ESi,O\/ aombPpdw(59)yg;wdYk jzpfwi;f fh S f f kd jzpfwdkif; ta'goapwodufygvsuf&Sd\/ t a'gow&m;onf tmHktrsKd;rsKd;udk tmHkjyKEkdif \/ arwmw&m;[lonfum; ow0gynwf wpfrsKd;wnf;udkom tmHkjyKEkdifayonf/ 'gerItrsK;d rsK;d jyKvy&mvnf;aumif; k f oD v trsKd ; rsKd ; aqmuf w nf u sih f o H k ; Mu&m vnf;aumif;? t a'go yg&onfcsnf;jzpf\/ odaomf ,if;ta'gojzpfwi;f ta'go ygwdi;f Yk kd k arwm[l rrSwf&/ oHk;q,hfwpfbHkom;jzpf onfh ow0gynwfudk tmHkjyKum ]ow0grsm; csrf;omygap} pojzihf ow0gwdkY\ tusKd;pD; yGm;csrf;omudk vdkvm;aom tjcif;t&mrsm;jzihf ta'go apwoduf-aphaqmfrI arwmjzpfrS om xdta'go apwoduuarwm[k ac:qdk k f kd &\/ arwmESihf ywfoufarwmw&m; (528)yg;&Sdonf[k trsm;ajymqdktodtrSwf jyKxm;Muonf/ pifppfrSm arwmw&m;udk,fu (528)rsKd;&SdaeaomaMumihfr[kwf/ y#dord'gr*f ygVdawmfvm&Sonfh twdi;f arwmydoyGm;rsm; d k Yk &rnfh enf;vrf;aygif; (528)rsKd;&Sdaeonfh twGufaMumihf arwm(528)yg;[laom pum; acwfpm;aejcif;jzpfonf/ (528) oG , f a rw m jzpf y G m ;yH k r S m yk*Kd vow0gwdukd tydi;f tjcm; rxm;jcif;wnf; f Yk k [laom taem"do (5)rsKd;&Sd\/ ,if;wdkYrSm(1) oaA o w m = tvH k ; pH k a om ow 0 gawG ? (2)oaAygPm=tvHk;pHkaom touf & S d o nf h t &mawG ? (3) oaA b l w m=tvH k ; pH k a om ud k , f x if & S m ;&S d onf h o w 0 gawG ? (4) oaAyk*avm= tvHk;pHkaom yk * d K vf a wG ? (5) oaA t w b m0y&d , myE m tvH k ; pH k ud k , f t w a bmtwG i f ; tusH K ; 0if a eaom t&mawG ponf h ig;rsKd ; onf taem"d o ig;rsKd ; yif j zpf o nf / oHk;q,hfwpfyHktwGif;&Sd &SdorQ ow 0gawGukd taem"do ig;rsK;d &Sonfteuf wpfrsK;d d h rsKd;jzihf ac:qdk pdwfuTwfudkif;vdkufvQif tvHk;pHkr<uif;rusefyg0ifukefawmh\/ taem"d oig;rsKd;wGif ryg0ifaom ow0g[l r&Sd aomaMumihf ig;rsK;d udk taem"doyk*Kd vig;rsK;d f [kac:&\/ (rSwfcsuf=taem"do [laom ygVd yg&Sdonfh ]Mo"do'g} onf tydkif;tjcm;[laom teufudka[m\/ taem"do? tydkif;tjcm; rxm;[laom t"dyg,fudka[m\/ arw m ayrES i h f avmuud k c spf o l pma&;q&mr wu o d k v f vd I i f M unf j zL\ arwmonf vlow0grsm;tm; vHk;udk &nfTef; aom txufazmfjycJhonfh taem"doarwm vnf;jzpfayonf/ cifye;f jzpfoukd wuovG l dk f vd I i f M unf j zL ajymMum;cJ h a om pum;rsm; onf ]vl ow0gawG tay:olr xm;&SdcJh aom arw m ayr pd w f j zih f vl o w 0 gawG b0tjrif r S e f M uatmif Ak ' " r E S i h f b0 jzwf o ef ; csd e f t usKd ; vS M uatmif aqmif &G u f N yD ; ae&pf v S n h f y g} [l a om oabmjzih f pmrsuf E S m 6 rS &Sif;vif;azmfjy ajymqdkaeMuonf/ odaomf tcsetcgumvESifh wpfcsef Yk d f d wnf; wpfNydKifwnf;wGif r*fpsmefw&m;udk yG m ;rsm;tm;xk w f a eol w pf a ,muf \ pd w f tpOf ,if;tmumo[if;vif;jyif av[m e,fqdkaom yHkoPmeftjzpf pdwf tm;jzihf od j rif , H k M unf r d o nf h t avsmuf xd k o d k Y vHk;0ef;aom tmumoav[me,f\ qHkrSwf ae&mrS &yfwnfvsufIMunhfavhvmaomtcg igpG J ? igwd k Y p G J od k Y r [k w f ig[l a omtpG J pdwfrsm;jzpfaom twpGJudk xif&Sm; odom ay:vGifpGmawGU&Sd&ayonf/ xdoaomtaMumif;rsm;aMumifh cHpm; k Ykd odjrifEkdifaom jzpfwnfrI tm;vHk;wdkYonf pMu0Vm urm? tmumo[if;vif;jyif av[me,f\ A[dkcsufESihfqufpyfrI&Sdonfh enf;wl igwnf;[laom twpGJonfvnf; jzpfwnf aygif;pyfyg0ifvsuf&Sdvm&jcif;jzpf onf/ r*fpsmefusihfpOfw&m;udk pwifusihf cgp tcsd e f u mvrsm;wG i f ? tyd w f t yif twm;tqD;uif;rJaom tmumo[if;vif;jyif h av[me,f o nf jzef Y u suf , S u f o ef ; vsuf tmH k w nf & S d a erI t wG i f ; od k Y xd k ; azmuf 0 if a&mufvmwwfonfudk pdwftmHk xifjrif vmwwfygonf/ pdwful;yHk&dyfjzihf xif[yfvmaom pdwZtmumoav[me,fonf ae&mtESHY us,fjyefYvm&mrS tmHkwnf&SdaerI A[dkcsufodkY xdk;azmufum taESmif? tzGJU? tuefYtowf? twm;tqD;uif;rJh qdwoO;f aeaom owdEifh f k S

cif y G e f ; jzpf o l u d k tawG ; tjrif 'eES i h f cspf j rwf E d k ; jycJ h [ ef v nf ; jzpf a yvd r h f r nf .../ rnf o d k Y y if j zpf a p pma&;q&mr wu o d k v f v d I i f M unf j zL\ cif y G e f ; jzpf a om ]ol } wpf a ,muf ,ck t csd e f r S m pma&; q&mr wu o d k v f v d I i f M unf j zL\ arw m ayrud k vuf u d k i f u sih f o H k ; vsuf vl o w 0 g awG b0jzwf o ef ; pOf b0jr i h f w if a &; qdkif&m vdIifMunfjzL "r0D& pmaywdkufBuD; wnf a xmif v suf "r 'ge ppf p pf (ax& 0g')jzpf a om Ak ' \ txl ; xl ; tjym;jym; aom "r a 'oem yef ; &eH Y r sm;ud k xH k r T r f ; ysH U oif ; aeapvsuf &S d a eavNyD . ../ &S i f P(zsmyH k ) ,SOfvsuf&Sdaom tod"mwfonfjzpfay:vm& onf/ xd k t aES m if t zG J U tuef Y t owf twm;tqD; uif;rJqwoO;f aeaom owdEifh h d f k S uyfvsuf&Sdaom todpdwftpOfrSonf wqihf wufvsuf t&mcyfodrf; yuwd qdwfokOf;ae aysmufaeaomtjzpf odkYr[kwf tajctaeodkY tvd k v d k q d k u f a &muf o d j rif e m; vnf v m ayawmhrnf/ t&mcyf o d r f ; yuwd q d w f o k O f ; csKyf a ysmuf a eaomtjzpf u d k tvd k v d k q d k u f a&muf odjrifem;vnfvmonf\aemuf0,f tmH k w nf & S d a erI tZw t vT m onf v nf ; z,f&Sm;aysmufuG,foGm;NyD;vQif aemufqHk; tqihf pdwfjzihfod&Sdjcif;? odkYr[kwf pdwfjzihf rod&SdEkdifjcif;[laom odrI(2)rsKd;pvHk; wpfckrS r[kwfawmhaom NyD;jynhfpHkonfh todPf yGivif; xGe;f aygufvmawmhonf} [l Ak'0g' fh t,l t qt& pd w f \ taES m if tzG J U rS vG w f a jrmuf r I obm0ud k y if tmumo [if;vif;jyif e,fy,f[k qdkygonf/ wu o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r m p&d , ? bD a t)

CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE Of WORLDLY PHENOMENA

10

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[H o m0wD OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) 0d * wyp a ,mwd oreE&0d*wm pdwapwodum "rm y#KyEmeH pdwapwodumeH "rmeH 0d*w ypa,e ypa,m/ 23/ 0d * wyp , 0d * wyp a ,mwd 0d*wypnf;[lonfum;? oreE&0d*w-rdrd\ tjcm;rJh aumif;pGmuif;&Sif;ukefNyD;aom? pdwapwodumpdwfapwodufjzpfukefaom? "rm-&[EmwdkY\ pkwdpdwfMuOfaom emruEmw&m;wdkYonf? y#KyEmeH-rdrdESihf twlaemufqufwzefjzpfukefaom? pdwapwodumeH-pdwf apwodufjzpfukefaom? "rmeH-&[EmwdkY\ pkwdpdwfESihfwuGjzpfukefaom? emruEmw&m;wdkYtm;? 0d*wypa,e-0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,mOyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd- jzpfay\/ 24/ t0d * wyp , t0d * wyp a ,mwd t0d*wypnf;[lonfum;? pwma&m-av;yg;ukefaom? tlydaem-emrfjzpfukefaom? cEm-a0'emuEm? onmuEm? ocFg&uEm? 0dnmPuEmwdkYonf? tnrnH-tcsif;csif;? t0d*w ypa,e- t0d*wyp, owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pwma&m-av;yg;ukefaom? r[mblwm-yx0D? tmayg? awaZm? 0ga,mwnf;[laom r[mbkwfkyfwdkY onf? tnrnH-tcsif;csif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ MouEdaP=cEmig;yg;&Sdukefaom ya0gum&bHk y#doaEcP? emrlyH-y#doaEemrfcEmESihf [', 0wKkyfonf? tnrnH-tcsif;csif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aumaus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pdwapwodum-pdwfapwodufjzpfukefaom? "rm-a0'emuEm? onmuEm? ocFg&uEm? 0dnmPuEm wnf;[laom emruEmav;yg;wdkYonf? pdwork|memeH-pdwfaMumihfjzpfukefaom? lygeH-pdwZkyf? y#doaE urZkyfwdkYtm;? t0d*wypa,e- t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ r[mblwm-yx0D? tmayg? awaZm? 0ga,mwnf;[laom r[mbkwfkyfav;yg;wdkYonf? Oyg'glygeHr[mbkwfav;yg;udk pGJrSDjzpfaom Oyg'gkyfwdkYtm;? t0d*wypa,e? t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,mOyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ pum,weH-puKyom'kyfrsufpdtMunfonf? puK0dnmP"mwk,mp=jrifodpdwf? puK0dnmP"mwftm; vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkjrifodpdwf puK0nmP"mwfEifh ,SOjzpfueaom? "rme-apwoduf d S f k f w&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ aomwm,weH-aomwyom'kyfem;tMunfonf? aomw0dnmP"mwk,mp-Mum;odpdwf aomw0dnm P"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkMum;odpdwf aomw0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom "rme-apwodufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum &aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ Cmem,weH= Cmeyom'kyfESmacgif;tMunfonf? Cme0dnmP"mwk,mp-eHodpdwf Cme0dnmP "mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkeHodpdwf Cme0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme -apwodufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumi;f? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum -aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/

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CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE Of WORLDLY PHENOMENA

"r0D&onf avmuNidrf;csrf;rItwGufjzpfonf/ Zd0Sm,weH Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwk,m wHor,kwume "rmeH t0d*w ypa,e ypa,m/

11

Zd0Sm,weH-Zd0Smyom'kyfvQmtMunfonf? Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwk,mp-vsufodpdwf Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwftm; vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkvsufodpdwf Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwfESihf,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-apw odufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aumaus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ um,m,weH um,0dnmP"mwk um,m,weH-um,yom'kyu,tMunfonf? um,0dnmP"mwk,mp-xdopwf um,0dnmP"mwf f kd f d d ,m? wHor,kwume "rmeH tm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkodpdwfum,0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-apw t0d*w ypa,e ypa,m/ odufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl; jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ lyg,weH puK0dnmP lyg,weH-lygHktqif;onf? puK0dnmP"mwk,mp-jrifodpdwf? puK0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumi;f? "mwk,m wHor,kwume "rmeH wHor,kwumeH-xdkjrifodpdwf puK0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-apwodufw&m;wdkY t0d*wypa,e ypa,m/ tm;vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ o'g,weHaom w0dnmP"mwk,m o'g,weH- o'gHktoHonf/ aomw0dnmP"mwk,mp-Mum;odpdwfaom w0dnmP"mwftm;vnf; wHor,kwume "rmeH aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkMum;odpdwfaomw0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "re-apwoduf t0d*w ypa,e ypa,m/ w&m;wdkYtm; vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m- Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ *Em,weH Cme0dnmP"mwk,m *Em,weH-*EmHkteHYonf? Cme0dnmP"mwk,mp-eHopwf Cme0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor d d wHor,wume "rmeH k ,kwumeH-xdeopwCme0dnmP"mwfEifh ,SOjzpfueaom? "rme-apwoduw&m;wdtm;vnf;aumif;? k H d d f S f k f f Yk t0d*wypa,e ypa,m/ t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ &om,weH Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwk,m wHor,kwume "rmeH t0d*wypa,e ypa,m/ &om,weH-&omHt&omonf? Zd0m0dnmP"mwk,mp-vsuopwf Zd0m0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif; k S f d d S wHor,wumeH-xdvsuopwf Zd0m0dnmP"mwfEi,O jzpfueaom? "rme-apwoduw&m;wdtm; k k f d d S S fh S f k f f Yk vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdj zih?f ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd jzpfay\/ azm|Am,weH-azm|AmHktawGUtxdonf? um,0dnmP"mwk,mp-xdodpdwfum,0dnmP"mwftm; vnf;aumif;? wHor,wumeH-xdxopwf um,0dnmP"mwfEi,Ojzpfueaom? "rme-apwoduf k k d d d S fh S f k f w&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ lyg,weH-tqif;? lygHkonfvnf;aumif;? o'g,weH-toHo'gHkonfvnf;aumif;? *Em,weH-teHY *EmHkonfvnf;aumif;? &om,weH-t&om&omHkonfvnf;aumif;? azm|Am,weH-tawGUtxd azm |AmHkonfvnf;aumif;? raem"mwk,mp-tmHkudkodHkrQ odwwfaom pdwf raem"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdktmHkudk odHkrQodwwfaompdwf raem"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-apw odufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? t0d*wypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl; jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\. ,HlyH-tMuif[',0wKkyfudk? edm,-trSDjyK? raem"mwkp? tmHkudk odHkrQ odwwfaompdwf? raem"mwfonfvnf;aumif;? raem0dnmP"mwkp-tmHkudk txl;odwwfaompdwf raem0dnmP"mwf onfvnf;aumif;? 0wEd-jzpfukef\/ wHlyH-xdk [',0wKkyfonf? raem"mwk,mp-tmHkudk odHkrQ odwwfaom pdwf? raem"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? raem0dnmP"mwk,mp-tmHkudk txl;odwwfaom? pdwf? raem0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumi;f? wHor,kwumeH-xdkraem"mwf? raem0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOf jzpfukefaom? "rme-apwodufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumi;f? t0d*w ypa,e-t0d*wyp,owdjzihf? yp a,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ (yp , ed a ' a om ed | d a wm)

azm|Am,weH um,0dnmP "mwk,m wHor,kwume "rmeH t0d*w ypa,e ypa,m/

lyg,weH? o'g,weH? *Em,weH &om,weH? azm|Am,weH? raem "mwk,m? wHor,kwume "rmeH t0d*wypa,e ypa,m/

,H lyHed, raem"mwkp raem 0dnmP"mwkp 0wEd? wHlyH raem"mwk,mp raem0dnmP "mwk,mp wHor,kwume "rmeH t0d*w ypa,e ypa,m/

DHAMMA TALK

12

"r0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

a'oemawmf e d * H k ; ES i h f qk a wmif ; {w m 0wmp (1) ed | d w m,mem ,maoe? y|mea'oeu a rm/ {0HuvsmPouFyg? oDCH odZEK ygPdeH/ (2) y|meH oroE? qAP&Hod eduEH/ ,w m tw - ya&omeH ? Pmavmum y0k E K / (3) a"0Zem Ak Z E K ? oE m oar m "d bm*d a em/ 'n yknm[H? Za[,sH " Zmwd,H/ (4) a'a0g 0wk umave? &mZm &u w k bl r d u H / oaA yla&EK ouFyg? od'EK Z,r*Fvm/ (1) p-ed*Hk; urwf tqHk;owfygtHh? {wm0wm- {w0aEe0peuare? rQtwdkif; t&Snf&Sdaom o'gtpOfteuftpOfjzihf? r,m-igonf? &pdawm vudawm-a&;om;pD&iftyfaom? t,Hy|mea'oeuarm-y|mef;a'oemusrf;jrwf r[monf? tem,maoe-rNidKrjiifryifryef;yJ ed|awm,xm-1371 ckwefaqmifre;f vqef; (1) &uf we*FaEGaeY Ny;D qH;k ouJo?Ykd {0H-twl? ygPde-ow0gwd\? uvsmP ouFyg -aumif;jrwf d k h H Yk aom tBuHtpnfwdkYonf? oDCH-vsifjrefpGm? odZEK-NyD;jynhfpHkMuygapukefownf;/ (2) y|meH- orE*kPfvQrf; r[my|mef;a'oemawmfudk? oroE-oHk;oyfawmfrlaom? wxm*w-a&S;bk&m;wdkYuJhodkY vmjcif;aumif; awmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;tm;? qAP&HodeduEH-ajcmufyg;aoma&mifjcnfawmfwdkY\ xGuf<uawmfrljcif;onf? a[mwd,xm-jzpfawmfrlouJhodkY? {0H-twl? twya&omeH-rdrdolwpfyg;ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm;aom yk*dKvfwdkYtm;? Pavmum-Pfwnf;[laom ta&miftvif;wdkYonf? y0EKwpfaeYwpfjcm;wdk;yGm;Muygapukefownf;/ (3) rdem ykane -a'oemawmfjyKpk xdkaumif;rIaMumihfvnf;aumif;? taneykane- ukokdvfrS wpfyg;? tjcm;aom ukodkvfaMumifhvnf; aumif;? o'gvlvl pdwfMunfjzL olawmfaumif;tppftrSefjzpfMuaom? Zem-vl&Siftaygif; olawmfaumif;wdkYonf? a"0-&Sifcspfa*gwr bk&m;dkuf&m omoemawmfyifvQif? oarm"dbm*daem-orm'd|d trSefodzdkY ukodkvfwdkYESihf rcsdKUukefi jynhfpHkMuukefonfjzpf? AkZEK-bHkpOf pHanmif;? aAm"daESmif;ESihf taMumif;oihf? yGihfawmfrlMuygapukefownf;/ t[Hp-igonfvnf;? 'yknH-y|mef;a'oem usrf;jrwf[r[mudk a&;om;jyKpk& ukovudkvnf;aumif;? tnyknH-y|mef;usrf;udk a&;om;jyKpk ukovrS wpfyg;aom ukodkvfwdkYudkvnf;aumif;? "Zmwd ,H{0-ypKyefrsufarSmufb0yifvQif? Za[,sH-pGefY&ygvdk\/ (4) a'a0g= rdk;onf? umave- oihfavsmfavsmufywfaumif;jrwfaomtcgumv? 0wk-&Gmygapownf;/ &mZm-EkdifiHt&Sifbk&ifrif;jrwf wnf;[laom EkdifiHawmftBuD;tuJwdkYonf? blrduH-ajrwnfjim; ow0gtrsm;udk? &uwk-&if0,farG;zGm; om;tvm;odkY apmihfjim;Ekdifygapo wnf;? oaA-cyfodrf;ukefaom? ouFyg-aumifaomtBuHtpnfwdkYonf? yla&EK-jynhfpHkawmfrlMuygapukefownf;/ Z,r*Fvm-atmifqkcsrf;om atmifr*FvmwdkYonf od'EK-jynhfpHkMuygapukefownf;/ 'kuywmp ed'Kum? b,ywm pedA,m/ aomuywm p edamum? a[EKoaAyd ygPdaem/ 'kuywm-qif;&J'kua&muf aeMuukefaom? oaAyd-<uif;rJhOHk tvHk;pHkvnf; jzpfMuukefaom? ygPdaem-ow0gtaygif;wkdYonf? ed'Kump? qif;&J'kua&muf aeMu&jcif;rS uif;a0;Muukefonfvnf; a[mEK-jzpfMuygap ukefownf;/ b,ywm-aMumufvefYrat;? ab;ESihf&ifqdkif? awGUBuHKaeMuukefaom? oaAyd-<uif;rJhOHk tvHk;pHkvnf; jzpfMuygukefaom? ygPdaemow0gtaygif;wdkYonf? edA,mp-aMumufvefYuif;uGm? ab;b,mr&SdMuukefonfvnf;? a[mEK-jzpfMuygapukefownf;/ aomuywm-pdk;&drfaMumihfMujzpf aeMuukefaom? oaAyd-<uif;rJhOHktvHk;pHkvnf;jzpfMuygukefaom? ygPdaem-ow0gtaygif;wdkY onf? edaump-aMumihfMurJhvQif;? pdk;&drfjcif;r&SdMuukefonfvnf;? a[mEK-jzpfMuygapukefownf;/ (y|mef;a'oem 0dyemusihfpOfw&m;awmfudk qufvufa&;om;ylaZmfrnfjzpfygonf/) [H o m0wD - OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if

SPECIAL DHAMMA TALKS

"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

13

a0'emjzpf M u&onf r S m zaMumihfavm- uHaMumifhavm

Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; y#dporkyg'f zaMumifh a0'em/ / uHomvQif y"me a[mrjyyg/ / xdkt&m PfrSmcsifhpm;/ / bd"rm a0'em 0dyguudk a[mjyvsufom;/ / y#d p o rk y m 'f a 'oemawmf t qd k y#dporkym'fa'oemawmfrSm zaMumihf a0'emjzpfaMumif; udk a[mMum;awmfrlonf/ tbd " r m a'oemawmf t qd k tbd"rma'oemawmf urypnf;udka[mawmfrl&mrSm? ow0gwd\oEmefwif jzpfjzpforQaom'kua0'em? okca0'emwdonf Yk G Yk twdwfumv jyKtyfaomukodkvf? tukodkvfonf ememuPduur ypnf;wyfom jzpfay:vmaMumif;udk a[mawmfrl\/ 'k u a 0'em[m uH ? pd w f ? Owk ? tm[m&aMumif h v nf ; jzpf oda[mawmfraomfvnf; urypn;f om rSwMf u&rnf/ Yk l 'kua0'emwdrm uHaMumihomr[kw/ OwkaMumif?h pdwaMumih?f tm[m& Yk S f f f wdkYaMumihfvnf; jzpfavonf/ ar;jref ; pl ; prf ; aomar;cG e f ; yk p m tvd k odkYaomf? ,ckar;jref;plprf;vmaomar;cGef;rSm? pmayusrf;*ef vmzGiqcsursm;t& zaMumihf a0'emjzpfy/ uHaMumihf a0'emjzpfykH fh kd f kH wdkYudk ,HkrSm;oHo,&Sd ar;jref;vmaomykpmjzpfayonf/ zyp , ma0'em a0'emjzpf&mtaMumif;ESpfyg;wdkYwGif zaMumihfa0'emjzpf& yHkudk azmfjyaom y#dporkym'fa'oemum;? ]]um,y#dp? azm|aAp Oy Z wd ? um,0d n mPH / wd P H o *F w d z aom? zyp , ma0'em? a0'emyp,mwPSm}} ponfjzihfa[mawmfrlonf/ zaMumih f a 0'emjzpf y H k r S m a'oemawmf wPS m onf ? a0'emaMumif h j zpf o nf / a0'emonf zaMumihfjzpfonf/ ,if;zaMumihf a0'emjzpfyHkrSm? tZwoEmef wpfu,v;kH ysUH ESvsuwnfaom? um,yom'ESi?fh A[d' kd f YH f rS jzpfaom? oDw (at;rI) OPS (ylrI) paom azm|AmHk? ESpfyg;pHkwGif oDw[laom azm|AmHkESihf aygif;pHkxdckdufrIaMumifh? xdcdkuf&mudk,ft*Fg t&yfrSm? um,0dnmPfpdwfonf wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:\/ um,yom'? azm|A m H k ? um,0d n mPf p d w f a ygif ; rS xdkum,yom'? azm|AmkH? um,0dnmPfpdwf oHk;yg;wdkY aygif;pnf;pka0;rdMuonf&Sdaomf? zac:aom emrf"mwfw&m;onf wpfzGm;zGm;jzpfay:Muav\/ xdkzaMumihf tcsrf;tyludk cHpm;wwf aom 'ku a0'emw&m;wdkYonfvnf; wpfzGm;zGm;jzpfay:avukef\/ zaMumif h o k c a0'emwd k Y j zpf y H k xdtcgrD;vHjI yefvQi?f ,if;csr;f at;aom 'kua0'emrsm; tukef k csKyfNidrf;? aEG;axG;csrf;omaom okca0'emrsm;jzpfay:vmav\/ tZwum,yom'ESihf? A[d'OPS azm|AmHkwdkY aygif;pHkqdkufwkdufrIudk pGJum,0dnmPfpdwfjzpfay:avonf/ ,if;"mwfoHk;yg;aygif;pnf;rIudk pG um,or jzpfay:avonf/ um,orudp um,or J k JG Zm a0'emjzpfay:av\/ um; y#dporkym'fvmaomzaMumihf okca0'em? 'kua0'emwdkY jzpfyHkrsm;yifwnf;/ ememu P d u ur y p n f ; onf o m twd w f u mvjyKtyf a om uk o d k v f u H ? tuk o d k v f u H u d k taMumif;cH okca0'em? 'kua0'emjzpf&m? ememuPu urypn;f d ? a[mawmfrlaomt&mrSm? tvHk;pHkaom 0dyguf0dnmOf urZkyfwdkY onf? ememuPuypn;f ESifh uif;jzpfjcif;r&S/ y#doaEtcgjzpfaom d d 0dygufemruEmurZkyf? y0wdtcgjzpfaom 0dygufemruEmurZkyf wdkYonf? urypnf;wyfomjzpfay:vm&avonf/ odkYa[mawmfrl aom t&monf ememuPdu urypnf;om a[mawmfrlaomt&m jzpfayonf/ jzpf j zpf o rQuH p D r H & mom a'oemawmfudkaxmuf ow0gwdkY\oEmef okc? 'ku jzpfjzpforQwonf? ukovuH tukovuH pDr&momjzpfMu&avonf/ Ykd kd f kd f H uHqHk;jzwf&momjzpf&avonf/ uHjyKjyif&momjzpf&avonf/ uHpDrH&m omjzpf&avonf/ jzpfjzpforQwdkYonf uH\trIBuD;omjzpfavonf/ jzpfysuforQwdkYrSmvnf; uH\trIcsnf;omjzpfav\/ pmayusrf ; *ef w d k Y r S t qd k t rd e f Y uHay;rS&onf/ uHauR;rS 0onf/ uHESdyfpufu qif;&Jonf/ uHu,fr csrf;omonf[k? t&m&mwdkif;rSm uH\tvkyfomjzpfonf[k ,lMu\/ xdt,lrsKd ;udk pmayusr;f *efw odqav\/ oAyaAuw k Ykd Yk kd H k a[wk'd|d[kqdk\/ ,H u d m ,H yk & d o yk * a vm? y#d o H a 0a'wd ? okcH0g'kuH0g t'kur okcH0g? oAH wH ykaA uwa[wk / / ,Hu- trSwr&Sd wpfpwpfa,mufaom? t,Hy&oyk*avmd d f kH k d a,musm;om;jzpfaomyk*Kd vonf? okc0g- okccsr;f omudvnf;aumif;? f f H k 'kuH0g-'kuqif;&Judkvnf;aumif;? y#doHa0a'wd- cHpm;\/ wHoAH- xdk tvHk;pHkaomcHpm;rIonf? ykaAuwa[wk-a&S;jyKtyfaom ukodkvf tukodkvf\ taMumif;omwnf;/ yk a A u wa[wk ' d | d t ,l r S m ; tvH;k pHaom okc? 'ku[orQwonf ukovuH tukovuH k l Ykd kd f kd f pmrsuf E S m 15 ok d Y

TALK ON THE DHAMMA

14

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

'kH;,drf;awG&ifxJa&mufvm&if
Ek d i f c if a &T ( {'if ) bmoma&;tawG;eJY "raqmif;yg;awG a&;aewJh uRefawmfhudk ar;Muw,f/ tJ'gu uRefawmftcka&;wJhaqmif;yg;&JU acgif;pOfudk oDcsif;xJu pmom;udk bmaMumihfoHk;&wmvJaygY/ [kwfuJh? uRefawmfajymjyrSmyg/ ]]"r&o}} vdkYac:wJh w&m;&JU t&om[m wu,fwrf;udk,fwdkifjyKusihfNyD; odjrifvdkuf&NyDqdk&if tJ'D rdrcpm;vdu&wJh ]yDw}d w&m;&JUt&omaygYav/ ud,wpfO;D wpfa,muf d H k f k f wnf; BudwfNyD; cHpm;ae&wmrsKd;udk tm;r&bJ? wpfyg;olrsm;udk rdrduJhodkY odjrifcHpm;apvdkwJh apwemawG[m wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:vmNyD;? ajymcsif a[mcsifwJhpdwfawG tvdkvdkjzpfay:vmwJhtwGuf tck uRefawmfa&;ae wJh "raqmif;yg;udk ]'Hk;,drf;awG&ifxJa&mufvm&if} qdkwJh tqdkausmf pdk;vGifvGifoDqdkcJhwJh oDcsif;pmom;av;udk oHk;cJhwmjzpfygw,f/ bmjzpf vdvqawmh uReawmfwu&if';kH ,dr;f tueJY oDcsi;f *Dwudk em;qifvuf Yk J kd f Ykd kd &&if ucsifckefcsifwJh pdwfu uRefawmfwkYd&ifwGif;udk wdk;0ifvmvdkYyJjzpf w,f/ tJ'Dvdk "rt&omcHpm;NyD; ajymcsifa[mcsifwJh uRefawmf[m ud k , f a jymvd k w J h taMumif ; t&mawG u d k ud k , f e m;vnf w J h oabm OyrmawGeYJ wifpm;ajymqdwtcg pmzwforsm;taeeJY avmuDupawGeYJ k hJ l d a&m,SufNyD; tawG;awGrcRwfacsmfapvdkyg/ zwfIol rsm; tmHku "rbufukd Gwui;f xm;r,fq&if OL;okr*Fv vufo;kH awmf pum;vH;k rsK;d f kd kd ]oabmygw,fvdkY} ]oabmqdkufr,fvdkY} ajymcsifygw,f/ 'gayr,fh enf;enf;av;awmh Pfpdkuf&r,f/ 'grS bm0emr,Pf jzpfr,f av/ qdkMuygpdkY/ oum,'d|d ]jzKwfyg jzKwfyg} pum;uajym&wm vG,fwm/ bl;oD;? ocGm;oD;udk yg;yg;av;eJY tcGHEGmovdkrsKd;cGmvdkY jzKwf vdkYr&bl;/ wkwfum;awGrSm Munfhzl;w,f r[kwfvm;? pdwfxJujzpfay: vmwJh "m;? tJ'v"m;rsK;d &&Satmif usi&r,f/ tJ'gu y&rwf"m;? 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'gyJawGUrSmyg/ aMomf Yk H aMomf aMomf vluaysmufoGm;NyDudk;/ [kwfw,f [kwfw,f vlaysmuf oGm;NyD/ 'geJYbmawGMunhfao;vJ? 32 yg;aom tdk;tom;t&nfawG Buao;w,fav/ aMomf aMomf [kwwmaygY/ tJ'gua&m ]bmvJ} tJ'gu H f bk&m;a[mw,f/ yx0D"mwf 20 eJY? tmayg"mwf 12 yg;wJh/ [kwfw,f av/ tdk; tom; tzwftkyfpku yx0D"mwf? t&nftkyfpkuawmh tmayg"mwf? tJ'Dt&nftkyfpkeJY tzwftkyfpk pkaygif;vdkufwJhtcg yHkpH oPmefqdkwm ay:vmwmr[kwfvm;/ OyrmMunhfav zkefrIefYawGudk a&eJYa&mNyD; yHkazmfMunhfaygY? uRefawmfwdkY i,fi,fwkef;uaqmhzl;wmyJ/ zkefawGudk a&eJYe,fNyD;awmh qifkyf? jrif;kyf? EGm;kyf? vlkyfawGyHkazmfNyD; aqmhMuwmav/ NyD;awmh tdk;wdkYyef;uefwdkY pHkvdkY/ udk,fhpdwfwdkif;us yHkpH awGazmfNyD; aqmhupm;Muwm/ ouf&SdoPmefawGa&m oufrJhkyfyHkawG a&m pHkaewmyJ/ tJ'gt&nfeJYtzwf ESpf&yfaygif;pyfxm;wJh "mwfyJaygY/ 'DvkdyJ udk,fvdkYac:wJh igvdkYajymwJh vlvdkYqdkwJh armifjzLjzpfwJh t&mrSm bmvJbmvJqdkwJh igvdkYajymwJh vlvdkYqdkwJh armifjzLjzpfwJht&mrSm bmvJ bmvJqdkwJh "m;eJYcGmMunhfvdkufwJhtcgrSm igigvdkYajymaewmawGu kyf awGygvm;vdkY jrifMuNyDr[kwfvm;/ kyfrSmu av;rsKd;&Sdw,f/ uHaMumihf&,f? pdwfaMumihf&,f? Owk aMumihf&,f tm[m&aMumihf&,fqdkwJh av;rsKd;av;pm;jzpfMuw,f/ 'gudk pmoifovdk ajyma[mae&if &Snfr,f/ tJ'gaMumihf pdwfaMumihfjzpfwJh kyfeJY pdwfjzpfay:yHkudk jrif&if bm0emt&mNyD;ajrmufw,f/ tJ'Dawmh uHaMumihfjzpf&wJh kyfu urZtMunfkyfawGjzpfw,f/ tJ'gu rsufpdwdkY em;wdkY? ESmacgif;wdkY? vQmwdkY udk,faumifwdkY [m',0wKvdkYac:wJh ESvHk; tdrfaygYav/ ygVdtoHeJYajym&if tm,we 6 yg;vdkYa[mw,f/ tJ'D ajcmufXmerSm pdwfjzpfp&mawGu tmHk ajcmufyg;vmNyD; wdkufwGef; wm/ 'Dawmh puK0dnmOfvdkYac:wJh odpdwfawGjzpfawmhwmygyJ/ trSefawmh 'gu b,folYvHkYvya,m*aMumihfrS jzpfwmr[kwf bl;? olYoabmeJYoljzpfaewm/ xif&Sm;wJhOyrmjyygqdk&if MunfvifwJh t&mrSm t&dyfxifovkdaygY/ rSeftMunf a&tMunfwdkY&Sdw,fav/ tJ'D a&SUrSm&yfMunhf iHkYMunhfygvm;/ udk,fht&dyfudk jrif&wmyJ r[kwfvm;/ [kwfw,f jrif&w,f/ jrif&r,fav/ 'gu obm0w&m;awGyJ b,fol

TALK ON THE DHAMMA

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ u xifygvdkY trdefYay;vdkYvJ/ b,folu t&dyfxifatmif vHkYvpdkufp&m vdkvdkYvJ/ tJ'Dvdk vHkYvya,m*rygvdkY obm0vdkY qdkxm;wmjzpfw,f/ 'gayr,fh vlvdkYowfrSwfkyfawGuawmh tmHkawGxifapwwf wJh uHu jyKvkyfay;wJh tMunf"mwfawGygawmh olYqdkif&m qdkif&m tmHk eJY wdkufwdkif;rSm jrifp&mqdkjrifw,f/ Mum;p&mqdk Mum;w,f/ eHp&mqdk eHw,f/ pm;p&mqdk t&omjzpfw,f/ xdp&mqdk tawGUawGjzpfw,f/ NyD;awmh [',0wKvdkYac:wJh ESvHk;om;tv,frSm wnfwJh aoG;tMunf tJ'gu pdwful;BuHpnfrIawGukdjzpfapw,f/ 'gawGtm;vHk;u obm0 "rcsnf;yJ/ bmaMumihfvJqdkawmh vlyJjzpfjzpf ewfyJjzpfjzpf wd&pmefyJjzpf jzpf uHjyKjyifay;yHku twlwlyJr[kwfvm;/ tJ'DuHu jyKvkyfay;wJh kyfawGjzpfvdkY uHrZkyfvdkYac:wm/ 'DtxJrSm igrygbl;? 'Dawmh jrifwmb,folvJaygY/ jrifwmu pdwf? emrf w&m;yJ/ (wpfenf;)0dnmOfvdkYac:w,f/ 0dnmOfqdkwm BuHwwf? odwwf udkif;Twfwwfwmudk pdwfvdkYac:w,fav/ tJ'gawGaMumihf jzpfaeorQ aysmufoGm;orQ? bmvJ bmvJeJY apmihfMunhfvkdufwJhtcg aMomf aMomf oum,'d|dvdkYac:wJh igwaum aumaewm/ kyfeJYemrfygod&NyDaygY? 'gaMumihf bl;oD;yJcGmcGm? ocGm;oD;yJcGmcGm? "m;&SdzdkYvdkovdk? igtpGJ oum ,'d|dtpGJudkcGmzdkY&m? bmvJ bmvJqdkwJh Pf"m;av;udk oHk;MuygpdkYvdkY/ Ed k i f c if a &T ( {'if ) pmrsuf E S m 13 rS aMumihfom jzpfMu&onf[k uHw&m;udkom ,lonfjzpf? ykaAuw a[wk'd|dt,ljzpfonf[k a[mawmfrlavonf/ odkYjzpf tvHk;pHkaomcsrf;omrI? qif;&JrI? okca0'em? 'ku a0'emrIwdkYudk uHoufoufomr,loihf/ r,ltyf/ uHPf0D&d,oHk;yg; pvHk;udkom,loihfonf/ qef p yg;rsd K ;aph p d k u f y sd K ;Mu&mOyrm avmu toD;tESHudktvdk&Sd? rsdK;aphwdkYudk pdkufysdK;&m? pyg;rsKd ;aphonf pyg;yifukd jzpfap\/ ajronf xdpyg;yifukd tm;&Satmif k d axmufyHh\/ a&onfvnf; xdkpyg;yifudk BuD;rm;zGHUxGm;tm;&Sdatmif axmufr\/ ajra&wdYk rvHavmufaomt&yf? pduysKd ;tyfaompyg;yif k k f wdkYudk vlwdkYu ajraumif;atmif aMumifhMupdkufrI? a&vHkavmufatmif aMumihfMupdkufrIwdkYESihf tm;jyKay;rS? tvdk&SdtyfaomtoD;tESHudk &&Sd cHpm;&ouJhodkY uHonf rsdK;aphESihfwl\/ okc'kucsrf;omrIqif;&JrIonf pyg;yifESihfwl\/ ya,m*orwd[kqdktyfaom? vHkYv0D&d,\jynhfpHkjcif; onf ajraumif;ESifhwl\/ todtvdrm Pfynmonf a&vHkavmuf jynhfpHkonfESihfwl\/ tod t vd r m Pf y nmrul o l w d k Y rcsrf ; om pyg;rsdK;aphu tyifudkaygufay;aomfvnf;? ajra&wdkY taxmuftyHur&aompyg;yifonf tusKd ;rrsm;ouJo?Ykd xdtwl pyg; h kd h Yk rsdK;aphESihfwlaomuHu? pyg;yifESihfwlaom vl\tjzpfudk wnfaxmif ay;aomfvnf;? ajra&ESiwaom vHv0D&,[kqtyfaom ya,m*or fh l Yk d kd w?d todtvdrmPfynmrulaomolwonf csr;f omokcwdEifh rjynhpkH Ykd Yk S f Edkif&m/ xdkYaMumihf ow0gwdkYcsrf;omjcif;\taMumif;udk? uHPf0D&d, okH;yg;wdkYudkxnhf a[mMum;awmfrljcif;jzpfavonf/ uH o uf o uf u d k c snf ; tm;rxm;&m odkYjzihf tm;rBuD;aomukodkvfuH pDrHaomolwdkYrSm uHudkom

15

tm;rxm;oihf? csrf;omokcESihfjynhfpHk? okca0'emjzpfaomt&mrSm? ur y p n f ; ud k o m taxmuf t xm;jyK? uH o uf o uf u d k c snf ; om tm;rxm;&m? uHPf0D&d, oHk;yg;pvHk;udk tm;jyK&rnfjzpfonf/ um;? uHaMumifh a0'emjzpfyHkrsm;yifwnf;/ zaMumih f a 0'emjpzf o nf q d k & m jyqdkcJhaom y#dporkym'fa'oemawmf? zyp,ma0'em? zaMumifha0'emjzpf\[k a[mawmfrlaomt&mrSm? okwefa'oem awmfjzpf? xif&m;aomtaMumif;? eD;aomtaMumif;udk a[mawmfrjl cif; S jzpfonf/ pd w u P wpf c suf t wG i f ; jzpf y H k y#dporkym'fa'oemrSm? taMumif;tusdK;&vQif? pdwuP wpfcsufyif? taMumif;tusdK;cGJ a[mawmfrlaomt&mjzpfonf/ um,yom'ESifh|jzpfaom azm|AmHkaygif;qHkrdMuaomtcg? ememu Pdu tpGrf;owdaMumihf? um,0dnmOfpdwfonf? or,kw"rESifhwuG jzpf&m? oHk;yg;aygif;qHkrdjcif;udkyif z[k ac:jcif;jzpfonf/ z aMumih f y if a0'emjzpf o nf / onf r S m pd w u P wpf c suf yif taMumif;tusdK;cGJ a[myHkjzpfonf/ ok c a0'emqd k o nf r S m t&m okco[*kwf um,0dnmOf0ygufpwonf? ukovf d d f kd uHaMumifhyif? trSefpifppfjzpf&avonf/ um,0dnmOf0dygufpdwfESihf twlwuGjzpfaom? a0'emapwoduuyif okca0'em[kq&avonf/ f kd kd onfum; uHaMumifha0'emjzpfyHkrsm;yifwnf;/ onfvQif zaMumihfa0'emjzpfyHk? uHaMumifha0'emjzpfyHk rsm;ESihfpyf ar;jref;pl;prf;vmaomykpmtwGuf 0doZemtajzrsm;yif wnf;/ ]]pl;prf;ar;jref;aqG;aEG;jcif;jzihf trSefudkodMuygap..}} Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

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COVER SPECIAL FEATURE

16
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"Nothing" Cannot Produce "Something" [laom ure,mrt& uH[ d l

bmrQajymp&mr&Sd/ bmrQajymp&m r&Sdaom b0jzihf touf&Sifae& jcif;um; aoma&,s olaX;om;twGuf avmu edAmefwpfrsKd ;yif jzpf acs\/ wpfckaomaeYwGif aoma&,solaX; om;onf oli,fcsi;f wpfa,mufEitwl a&csKd ; S fh &ef ,mOfi,fwpfpD;jzihf a&qdyfodkYxGufcJh\/ aemufygta>ct&Hrsm;vnf; rsm;pGmyifyg\/ xdaeYum; aoma&,soaX;om;twGuf b0\ k l wpf q pf c sd K ;tauG U ud k j zpf a y:aprnh f a eY j zpf onf udk olrod/ aoma&,solaX;om;onf vrf;wGif &Sifr[mupnf;rax&fESihf awGU\/ &S i f r [mup n f ; um; tvG e f o y m ,f a om rax&fjzpf\/ avmu a0g[m&jzihfajym&vQif tvGefacsmaom? tvGefvSaom rax&fjzpf\/ aoma&,sol a X; om;onf ol \ ZeD ; \ tvSudkomtvSxifcJh xifxm;cJ&mrS &Sir[m h f upnf;rax&f\tvSudk jrifvkdufaomtcg tvSudkomudk;uG,fwwf olwdkY xHk;pHtwdkif; &if o yf I a rmtH h M ooG m ;av\/ tH h M oH k o m qd k v Qif v nf ; ud p r &S d ? ,ck r l & if o yf I a rm tHhMoHkrQomru tvSudk rufarmwwfaom wPSmjzihf odkYolu awmihfwvkduf\/ rax&fonfrlum; ighr,m;jzpf ygrlum; aumif;avpGmh? odkYr[kwf ighr,m;\ tqif;onfvnf; rax&f\tqif;uJhokdY jzpfygrlum; aumif;avpGmhawmifhwcsufonf ol\b0udk wpfrsKd ;wzHk ajymif;vJom;apEdiaom awmifw G k f h csujf zpfre;f olrod/ tu,fodvQivnf; S f odkY awmifhwcsufjzpfrnfr[kwf/ ,ckawmh olu rawmifwoihfaomawmifhwjcif;rsdK;udk olu awmifhwrdvkdufavNyD/ av;ndKUrSvTwf vk d u f a omjr m ;onf rpl ; 0if a pcsif a om t&m0wKudk tm;ukefpl;0ifoGm;ovdk awmifhw vkdufaom tukodkvfonf aoma&,solaX; om;udk csufcsif;yif a,musfm;b0rS rdef;rb0 odkY ajymif;vJapvkdufygNyD/ olonf &Sifr[m upnf;rax&ftay: jypfrSm;rdaomtukodkvf uH a Mumih f aoma&,sol a X;om;b0rS aoma&,solaX;orD; jzpfoGm;&acsNyD/ odkYaomjzpf&yfudk aq;ynm&yf rsm;u rsm; u rnf o d k Y q d k M urnf rod a omf v nf ; ur 0 d o a,mtpd a E a ,sm t&aoma&,s ol a X;om;onf a,musf m ;ppf p pf r S rd e f ; r ppfppfjzpfoGm; onfuawmhtrSef/ '@m&D r[k w f / xd k Y a Mumif h tpdaE,sudk pdaE,s

r&SdvQif uH\tusdK;udkjzpfay:apEdkifvdrhfrnf r[kwf/ xdkYaMumihf teEjzpfaom uHrsm;onf rd r d w d k Y \ tusd K ;ay;cG i h f u d k iH h v ih f a eMu\/ aygufu&ef toihtaetxm;wGif &SaeMu\/ JG f d xdktckdufwGif aemufqHk; tusdK;ay;cGifhudk jyKEdkif aom uHonfvm\/ xdk ]]uH}} udk ]]peufwH}} ozG,jf zpfaom uH[qd&\/ 'ea0g[m& l k tm;jzihfrl oym,um&P [lqdkav\/ ure,mrt& aoma&,s olaX;om; d \ oEmef rdef;rjzpfapEdkifaom uHwdkYonf

t&dyfozG,fvkdufygvsuf &SdMuyg\/ xdkuHwdkY onf rdrw\ tusKd ;ay;cGiukd iHvihvsuf &Sae d Ykd fh h f d Muav&m aemufqHk; oym,um&Pudk &Mu avawmh\/ ae&m oym,um&P[l onf aoma&,solaX;om;u &Sifr[mupnf; rax&ftm; ol\r,m;jzpfapcsiaom tukovf f kd uH w nf ; / xd k oy m ,um&Pjzpf a om tukodkvfuHudk taMumif;jyK ol\oEmef&Sd rdef;rjzpfapwwfaom uHrsm;u pkaygif;um aoma&,soaX;om;tm; aoma&,soaX;om; l l b0rS aoma&,solaX;orD;b0odkY csufcsif; tusdK;ay;vkdufjcif; jzpfav\/ aoma&,solaX;om;\ oli,fcsif; ESihf ta>ct&Hrsm;onf aoma&,solaX;om; udk &SmMu\/ rnfonhfae&mrSmrS &SmrawGU aomtcg olwdkYonf olYudk tdrfjyefoGm;NyD[l rSwfxifMuNyD; aoma&,sjynfodkY jyefMu\/ aoma&,solaX;om;\ rdbrsm;udk tusdK; taMumif;ajymjyMu\/ rdbrsm;u wwfEiorQ kd f aoma&,sol a X;om;ud k &S m azG M ujyef \ / aemufq;kH aoNy[,lqNy;D &ufvnfqr;f oGyf D l G Muav\/ aoma&,solaX;orD;onf ajcOD; wnhf&modkY oGm;av\/ uHtm;avsmfpGmyif wuodkvfjynfodkYoGm;aom vSnf;ukefonfrsm; ESihf awGU vSnf;rsm;\aemufrS tpOfwpdkuf vdkufav\/ xdkYaemuf ajcvsifrvdkufEdkifaom tcg tzd;k tcuday; vSn;f udp;D av\/ vSn;f k k ukefonfrsm;uvnf; trsdK;orD;\ tqif; oPmefuMkd unhNf y;D wuovjf ynfu olaX;om; kd tm; quf o &ef &nf p l ; NyD ; trsd K ;orD ; ud k aumif;rGepmapmiha&Smuf ac:aqmifom;Mu f G f G \/ wuodkvfjynfodkY a&mufaomtcg vSnf;ukefonfrsm;onf wuodkvfjynfom; olaX;om;tm; tusdK;taMumif;udk ajymjyMu \/ wuodkvfjynfom; olaX;om;wGifvnf; ZeD;r&Sojzihf aoma&,soaX;orD;udk odr;f yduf d l k av\/ trSeftm;jzihf b0Murm\ zefwD;rIudk cH & jcif ; jzpf \ / trsd K ;om;ES i f h t rsd K ;orD ; wd k Y td r f a xmif j yKMu&mwG i f a &puf a Mumif h v nf ; jzpfEdkif\/ eD;pyfrIaMumifhvnf; jzpfEdkif\/ taMumif;ESpfrsdK;wGif wpfrsdK;rs;dK;aMumihf jzpf E d k i f \ / od k Y u srf ; *ef qd k \ / wuodkvfjynfom; olaX;om;ESihf aoma&,s olaX;orD;wdkY tdrfaxmifjyK&mum; a&puf aMumihfomjzpf av\/ trsdK;orD;onf a,musfm;b0jzihf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfaponf/

17

owd&p&m qifjcifyg
Zd a em&o t&S i f E o D [ (vS n f ; ul ; ) teD;uyfqHk;aom rdwfaqGppf? rdwfaqGaumif; BuD;wpfOD;jzpfvdkYaeygNyD/ pma&;ol[m r[m&efuef awmifyi;f k kd &JUtpGef; e,fNrdKUav;wpfNrdKUrSm pmayoif,lae vsufyg/ wpfaeYo qGrf;cHtdrfwpftdrfrSm 'umrwpfa,mufqGrf; avmif;&if; EIwfzsm;rS &Gwfqdkaeaom pum;av;udk em;pGefem;zsm; Mum;vdkufrdygw,f/ 'guawmh txufazmfjy cJhaom ]&Sifaygh? aoav; &Sifav; aoaygY} qd k w J h p um; av;ygyJ / yxrawmh pdwfxJrSmtenf;i,f Iyf axG;vdkYoGm;ygw,f/ qGr;f cHvrf;wpfavQmufv;kH xdpum;&JU t"dym,f k udk azmfr&cJhygbl;/ aemufqHk; ausmif;ayguf0 a&mufcgeD;rSyJ tajz xGufvmcJhygawmhw,f/ ]&Sifayghaoav;}qdkwmu touf &SdpOftcgrSm wpfenf;tm;jzifh vuf&SdypKyef tcsd e f a wG r S m aygh a ygh w ef w ef ? earmf e rJ h e J Y OmPfynmuif;rJhpGm aexdkifoGm;r,fqdk&if aoaomtcg aemifoHo&mrSm rsm;pGmaom 'kuawGudkav;av;yifyifeJYBuD;pGm cHpm;Mu &rSmyg/ ]&Sifav; aoaygh}qdkwmu ouf&Sd xif&Sm;&SdpOf tcsdefrSm b0udkwefzdk;&SdpGmeJY tav;*k j yKNyD ; aexd k i f o G m ;r,f / b0ud k av;eufpGmqHk;jzwfoGm;r,fqdk&if aoaom tcgaemifoo&mrSm 'kuuif;pGm ayghayghyg;yg;eJY H aumif;rGefpGmaoMu&r,fvdkY avmuvlom; awGudk txl;owday;xm;wJh pmydk'fav;yg/ [kwfvnf;[kwfygw,f/ pma&;olwdkY b0qdkwm tifrwefoufwrf;wdkwJh b0wpfck &,f y g/ vl o m;awG & J U touf w pf & m[m wm0wd omewfouftm;jzifwpfaeYEiwpfnOfY H h S hf (wpf&ufrQom)&Sdygw,f/ a*gwrjrwfAk'[m vlYoufwrf;wpf&mwrf;rSm yGifhxGef;cJhayr,fh? ,ck a cwf vl o m;wd k Y touf w pf & mae& w,f q d k w m r&S d o avmuf & S m ;yg;oG m ;ygNyD / 'D a vmuf wd k a wmif ; vS w J h vl U b0av;ud k t"dym,f uif;rJhpGmeJY tqHk;owfoGm;Mur,f qd k & if wpf e nf ; tm;jzif h aygh a ygh w ef w ef e J Y aexd k i f o G m ; Mur,f q d k & if a wmh oH o &m wpfzufurf;rSm 'kuBuD;pGm awGUBuHKMu&rnf qdkwm{uefrvJGygyJ/ ,ckacwfvltrsm;pk[m ud k , f h u d k , f u d k a oMurnf u d k owd r xm; pmrsufESm 26 okdY

]&S i f a ygh / aoav;?&S i f a v;? aoaygY } qd k w J h y nm&S i f B uD ; rsm;&J U pum;ud k pma&;ol \ A[k o k w tm;enf ; rI a Mumif h Mum;yif r Mum;zl ; cJ h y g/ wu,f a wmh aomwk Z epmoif o m;awG q d k w muvnf ; twef;&JUjyXmef;pmudk tjyif;txef usurw&? f S f tpd;k &yxrjyefpmar;yJBG u;D atmif jrifztwGuyJ Ykd f tpOfwpduBf uKd ;pm;aeMu&wJh aerem;nrtm; k aeYpm? n0grsm;udkavhvm usufrSwf ae&aomf vnf;y&d,wde,fy,frS pmoifom;aomwkZe awGyg/ wd k u f w m&J U pnf ; urf ; awG u d k ajr0,frusvuemaeMu&onftwGuaMumifh kd f h f jyif y A[k o k w awG e J Y tif r wef t vS r f ; a0; aoma&,sjynf om;ESpfa,mufudk &cJhzl;\/ ,ck wuodkvf olaX;uawmfb0jzihf om; ESpa,mufukd &jyef\/ pkpaygif; om;av;a,muf f k &cJavNy/ jzpf&yfum; qef;Mu,fv\/ Murm\ h D S tauGUum; 0uFygES,f &Sdav\/ wpfckaom aeYwGif olaX;uawmfonf avomjyLwif;rS tjyifoYkd ai;MunhaepOf rdr\ rdwaqGa[mif; f d f wpfa,mufudk awGU\/ xdkrdwfaqGa[mif;um; aoma&,sjynfom; ol\oli,fcsi;f yif jzpf\/ ol i ,f c sif ; ES i f h t wl y if ,mOf i ,f u d k p D ; um aoma&,sjynf a&csd K ;qd y f o d k Y oG m ;cJ h \ / &Sifr[mupnf;rax&fudk jrif jypfrSm;rdojzihf rdef;r jzpfcJh&\/ xdkpOfurl oli,fcsif;udk &Suf ojzihf wdwfwqdwfxGufajy;cJh\/ ,ck 'kwd, tBurjf yefvnfawGUqHaomtcg olaX;uawmf d k onf oli,fcsif;ESihf pum;ajymvdkvS\/ rdrd\ b0udk wuodkvfjynfyif ed*Hk;csKyfawmhrnf[l qHk;jzwfxm;ygaomfvnf; olaX;uawmf\ xdkqHk;jzwfcsufonf ysufjy,foGm;avNyD/ Oyed

ygw,f? pmaye,fy,frS A[kokwwdkYudk vnf; tcGifhromcJhonfhtwGufaMumifh MunfhIqnf; yl;cGifh r&cJhygbl;/ 'gaMumifhpma&;olwdkYvdk pmoifom;awG[m jyifyA[kowawGeYJ tvSr;f k a0;aeonf h t avsmuf wcsKUd w csKUd a om ynm&S i f B uD ; rsm;\ wef z d k ; &S d v S w J h p um;vH k ; awG u d k em,l r S w f o m;cG i f h r &cJ h y gbl ; / xd k t ajctaeawG u d k od & S d w J h p ma&;ol & J U q&morm;wpf O D ; u A[k o k w awG < u,f 0 vmatmif ynm&SifBuD;rsm;\ pum;awGudk od&SdcGifh&zdkYtwGuf ]"r0D&} *sme,fudktywfpOf ,l z wf z d k Y txl ; wd k u f w G e f ; cJ h y gw,f / 'D v d k e J Y pma&;olvnf; "r0D&*sme,fudk rSm,lzwfjzpfcJh ygw,f / tck a wmh " r 0 D & [m pma&;ol & J U , owjd zihf aus;Zl;jyKvmaom b0uHMurm \ tiftm;ESifh pGr;f tifukd rnfoonf wm;qD; l Ediygrnfenf;/ k f olaX;uawmfonf rdr\ taptyg; d wdkYtm; oli,fcsif; aoma&,sjynfom; olaX; om;udk tac:cki;f vku\/ aoma&,sjynfom; d d f olaX;om;onfvnf; ac:cdi;f onhtwki;f vkuf k f d d vm\/ aoma&,sjynfom; olaX;om;onf wuovjf ynfoYkd tvnftywfvma&mufonf kd r[kwf/ vSnf;aygif;ig;&mESifh ukeful;oef;&ef vma&mufjcif;jzpf\/ xdaMumihf olonf tjcm; Yk vSnf;ig;&mwdkYtm; acwxm;cJhNyD; vmcJhjcif; jzpf\/ aoma&,sjynfom; olaX;om;onf wuodkvfjynfoljzpfaeaom olaX;uawmfudk awGUjrifaomtcg rrSwrbJ &Sae\/ xdaemuf f d d k rS wuodkvfjynfoljzpfaeaom olaX;uawmf u tusdK;taMumif;pHkvifpGm jyefvnfajymjyrS xdkpOfujzpf&yfudk jyefvnftrSwf&av\/ OD;a&Tatmif

THE MIND; Talks on the Dhamma

18
aemuf a usmzk H ; rS

"r0D&onf rsKd;quftwGuf jzpfonf/ Iavhr&Sdoljzpfw,f/ &Sdoljzpfw,f/ ]]pdwftaMumif; kyftusKd;? kyftaMumif;pdwftusKd;}} qdkwJh ed,mroabmw&yf&ygw,f/ tJ'e,mrrSm ]]pdw[m kyujkd zpfapw,f}} dS D d f f qdkwJh tcsufu tay:vGifqHk;jzpfygw,f/ pdwf[m kyfudk jzpfapw,f/ kyfudkjzpfapwJh ]]pdwf}} qkdwm xif&Sm;&Sdygw,f/ tbd"rma'oemawmfrSm kyfjzpfaMumif;udk t"du tm;jzihf ]]uH? pdwf? Owk? tm[m&}} qdkwJh taMumif;w&m;av;yg;eJYjyyg w,f/ tJ'DtaMumif;w&m; av;yg;&Sd&mrSm pdwfvJyJ t"duyg0ifaewm jzpfw,f/ usrf;*efawGxJrSmvnf;yJ (25)yg;aom pdwfwdkYu kyfudkjzpfap w,fvkdYvmygw,f/ wu,fawmh pdw[m qef;Mu,fygw,f/ qef;Mu,fwhJ twGuf f aMumihfvJyJ ygVdbmomvdk pdwvdkYac:qdkwmjzpfw,f/ tJ'Dqef;Mu,fwJh pdwfrSmvJyJ rwnfMunfwJhpdwf qdkwm&Sdovdk wnfMunfwJhpdwfvJ &Sd w,f/ wnfMunfwJhpdwfqdkwmu be steady mind udk ajymwmyg/ wnfMunfwpwrsm;&SvmNyq&if tJ'v&UJ ud,usioumeJY pduvu hJ d f d D kd D l k f fh d k f PmawG wnfMunfNidrfouf at;csrf;aewmudk olY&JUtjyKtrl tae txdkiftajymtqdkawGrSm xl;xl;jcm;jcm; ay:vGifxif&Sm;aewmudk awGU EkiMf u&ygr,f/ [kwygw,f? Be steady in mind and stable in character d f of appearance and behaviour be staid. jzpfvmygw,f/ wnfNidrfwJhoabmu be serene; be steady; be tranquil vd k Y q d k y gw,f / serene &J U teuf & if ; u Munf v if a t;Nid r f ; aom wnfNidrfat;csrf;aom tjzpfrsKd;udkqdkvdkwJhtwGuf Throughout the crisis she remained serene and in control tck BuH K awG U &wJ h tMuyf t wnf ; ud k t<uif ; r&S d wnf N id r f a t;csrf ; oG m ;atmif ol r xdef;aMumif; jzwfoef;EkdifcJhw,fvdkYajym&if &r,fxifygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm stable wnfwaewJh oabmrsK;d eJvyJ Immovable; hH Y J permanent; ra&GUrvsm;? wnfNrJaewJh secure ab;&efqdkvdkYjrLrSr&Sd Nidrf;at;aewJh oabmeJYvJ ajymvdkY&r,fxifw,f/ rwnfMunfwpwf (Unsteady-mind) qdwmeJY wkevywpwf hJ d k f I f hJ d (shaken-mind) qdwmu avmu"Hvac:qdMk uwJh avmurSm tNrwef; k Ykd J rajymif;rvJ&aewJh ed,mroabmt&? pdwvi;f ? pdw*,ufucwfc& dS f Id f kd f H vdkY? tvGefYtvGefudk aMumuf&GHUxdwfvefYaewJh xdef;r& odrf;r&avmuf atmif a&SUaemuf0,m xufatmufjyefvef tjrefvy&m;oGm;wJpwrsK;d J S I f S h d f jzpfygw,f/ r[myx0DajrjyifvTmxJudk ivsifaMum0ifa&mufoGm;wJh tcg yJhwifdkufcwf wkefvIyfoGm;ovdkrsKd;? ow0gawG&JU cEmrSmvJ pdwfvdIif; pdw*,ufucwfNy;D awmh wkevyom;&if lyum,pwJh kycEm tqihf f kd f f I f G f qihfrSm yJhwifdkufcwfwkefcgoGm;wwfygw,f/ pdwf&SdwJh ow0g vlYcEm rSeforQrSm pdwfvdIif; pdwf*,ufwdkYu dkufcwfwkefvIyfx<uwwfMupNrJ jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DtcgrsKd;rSm tqihfjrifhwJh Ak'bmom omoem0if olawmf pifwdkYu pdwfvdIif; pdwf*,ufoGufoGufcgdkufcwfaepOfrSmyif wu,f awmh pdwfvdIif; pdwf*,ufqdkwmrsKd;[m olYoabm olaqmifNyD; jzpfysuf jzpfysufeJY rwnfNrJwJh vuPmaqmifvdkY oGufoGufcgatmif *,ufawG u wkefvIyfaeyguvm;? wu,fawmh 'Dw&m;awG[mvJ jzpfjzpfNyD;awmh ysufoGm;Muyguvm;&,fvdkY trSwfuyfNyD; owd&Sd&SdeJY IyGm;vdkufwwfMu ygw,f/ tckajymwJh pdwfvdIif;? pdwf*,ufdkufcwfx<ujcif;qdkwmudk

Yasa- being surrounded by friends. Ayasa-being bereft of friends and followers. . Ninda-facing censure. Pasamsa-receiving praise. Sukha-experiencing happiness. Dukkha-going through suffering.

tJ'Davmu"Hw&m;&Spfyg;wdkYeJY &ifqkdifBuHKawGUMu&wJh tcgrSm rwkefvIyfwJh pdwfjzpfay:vmNyD;awmh &J&J&ifqdkif0HhawmfrlMuwJh yk*dKvf rsm;&JUpdwfudk ]eurwdpdw} vdkY jrwfpGmbk&m;u Tefjyawmfrlw,f/ =avmu"Hw&m;rsm;eJY BuHKawGUwJhtcg zk | avmu"ar [ d pdwfrwkefvIyfjcif;/ pd w H , eur w d
Phutthassa Lokadham =The mind that stands Unshaken. mehic cittam yassa na kampati

taomu taomuH
. Asokam

=pdk;&drfaomur&Sdjcif;?
=Unsorrowing.

0d & ZH acrH

. Virajam . Khemam

=udavom[l jrLrQr&Sdjcif;/
=Passiunless.

=ab;&efukefcrf; Nidrf;csrf;jcif;/

= Secure when touched by the vicissitudes of life. The mind that stands Unshaken; Unsorrowing; Passionless and Secure when touched by the vicissitudes of life. This is the greatest cause of welfare and auspice.

tpGJOyg'geftmHkawGrSm wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;ylavmifaewJh rNidrfroufvIyfcwfaewJh pdwfudk Nidrfoufat;Nidrf;apEkdifcJhr,fqdk&if wpfenf;tm;jzihf wPSm? rme? 'd|dwdkYrS cGmxGufEkdifcJhr,fqdk&if ]]pdwH *kwH okcg0[H}} vdkYa[mawmfrlwJhtwdkif; avmu"Hw&m;qdk;wdkYuae vGwajrmufaewJpwjf zpfwnfaeNyaygY? 'Dpwukd emurwpwvac:wJh f h d D d f d d Ykd rwkefvIyfwJh pdwf Unshaken- mind vkdYqdkygw,f/ avmuk w & "r p d w avmu"r p d w urwd= wkefvIyfwJhpdwf eurwd-rwkefvIyfwJhpdwf
(Shaken-mind) (Unshaken-mind)

aomu-pdk;&drfpdwf
(sorrowing-mind)

taomu-rpdk;&drfwJhpdwf
(Unsorrowing-mind)

&Z-udavom&rufpdwf
(Passion-mind)

0d&Z-udavom&rur&Swpwf f d hJ d

(passionless-mind) tJ'rwkevywpwf (Unshaken-mind) qdwm[m wnfMunf D f I f hJ d k wJhpdwf(steady-mind) vkdYvJac:vdkY&r,fxifygw,f/ wnfMunfwJh pdwf (steady-mind) &Sdw,fqdk&if rwnfMunfwJhpdwf (unsteady-mind)

qdkwmvJ&Sdvmygr,f/ tJ'DpdwfESpfrsKd;wdkYudkvJ r[m0*/ y#dord'g r*fygVdawmf? Puxm? `E,ya&my&d,wdPftydi;f rSm a[mawmf d k rlygw,f/ rwnf M unf a ompd w f wnf M unf a ompd w f (Unsteady-mind) (Steady-mind) (1) udavomjrL xloljzpfw,f/ (1)udavomjrL yg;oljzpfw,f (2) a`EEHkYoljzpfw,f/ (2) a`Exufoljzpfw,f/ (3) raumif;aomtjcif;t&m&Sdol (3) aumif ; aom tjcif ; jzpfw,f/ t&m&Sdoljzpfw,f/ (4) wrvGefavmueJY &m*pwJh (4) wrvGefavmueJY &m*pwJh tjypfudk ab;tjzpf tjypfudk ab;tjzpf Iavh

THE MIND; Talks on the Dhamma

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ pdwfvGefvGefuJuJ pGJNrJpGmwnfNyD;awmh owdtxl;eJY tzefwvJvJ Ijrif Mu&onfh ]pdwmEkyem owdy|mef bm0em}udk IrSwfyGm;rsm;avh&Sd MuwJh olawGu jrifv,f xifv,wwfMuygw,f/ ud,-pdwf taMumif; G G f k f awGudkvJ aumif;aumif;BuD; od&SdMuNyD;jzpfygw,f/ pdwmEkyem owdy|mefbm0em"rukd rIym;zl;? tm;rxkwf G zl;MuwJh olawmfaumif;avmif;vsm olwum trsm;wdkYrSmawmh cEm w&m; Pfw&m;acgif;yg;MuwJhtwGuf udk,fhrSm&SdwJh pdwft&Sdw&m;udk yif rodusKd;uRHjyKrlaewwfMuygw,f/ wpfcsdKUqdk&if pmawGUt&awmh odovdkvdkeJY wu,fwrf;usawmh tJ'DpdwfvdIif; pdwf*,uf pdwfobm0 wdkYudk rodrjrif owdrxifyJ &SdwwfMuygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk vlrsKd;udk Thickskinned ta&xlaewJh vlpm;rsKd;xJ xnhfNyD;ajymvdkY&r,fxifygw,f/ avmurSm wu,fwrf; trSeftwdkif; t&Sdtwdkif; rzHk;ruG,f yJ ajymMupwrf;qd&if vlawG[m [efaqmifNy;D awmhomaeMuwm/ tedp? k 'ku? tew? vuPma&;oHk;yg;udk zHk;vTrf;wwfwJh w&m;awG? ow0g awG&JU pdwfrSmtrdkufarSmifBuD;usapwwfwJh w&m;awG terw*zHk;vTrf; aevdkY bmrQrod? bmrQrxif? bmrQrjrifEkdifatmif jzpfaeMuwmyg/ tedp? 'ku? tewqdkwJh vuPma&;oHk;yg;udk zHk;vTrf;aewJh w&m;awGuawmh (1) tedpudk oEwdu zHk;vTrf;w,f/ (2) 'kuudk &d,mykwfu zHk;vTrf;w,f/ (3) tewudk Ceu zHk;vTrf;xm;w,fvdkY 0do'r*f 'kw,tkyeYJ tbd"rmyd#uwf 0dbif;ygVdawmfeYJ oarm[0daem k d d f 'eDt|uxmrSm azmfjyygw,f/ opmav;yg;w&m;udk zHk;vTrf;xm;wmuawmh t0dZm w&m; qdk;jzpfwJh arm[w&m;yJjzpfw,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ tJ'Daemufawmhum; ow0gawG&JUpdwfrSm trdkufarSmifudkjzpf apwJh w&m;qdk;awGuawmh avmb? a'go? arm[ oHk;yg;yJjzpfygw,f/ 'gudk jrwfpGmbk&m;u 'Dvdka[mjyawmfrlygw,f/ vk a ' g tw H eZmemwd ? vk a ' g "r H eywd / tE w rH w'ga[mwd ? ,H a vmabm o[awe&H / wyfrufolonf taMumif;tusKd;udkrodjrif? avmbESdyfpuf cH&oltm; arSmiftwdjzpfav\/ (ck'uedum,fygVdawmf) uka'g twH eZmemwd? uka'g "rH eywd/ tE w rH w'ga[mwd ? ,H a 'gaom o[awe&H / pdwfqdk;olonf taMumif;tusKd;udk rodjrif? a'goESdyfpufcH& oltm; arSmiftwdjzpfap\/ (ck'uedum,fygVdawmf) rk a Vmtw H eZmemwd ? rk a Vm"r H eywd / tE w rH w'ga[mwd ? ,H a rma[m o[awe&H / awGa0olonf taMumif;tusKd;udk rodjrif? arm[ ESdyfpuf jcif;cH&oltm; arSmiftwdjzpfap\/ (ck'uedum,fygVdawmf) tJ'wyfrufpw&aewJo?l pdwq;kd aewJo?l awGa0aewJoawG D d f dS h f h h l [m t&m&mrSm rqifjcifrpl;prf;EkdifMuawmhbJ? avmb? a'go? arm[ w&m;qdk;awG&JU om;aumiftjzpfeJY arSmiftwd zHk;vTrf;cH&vkYd rsufpd &Sd &ufeJY rjrifyJ uef;aeMuolawGjzpfw,f/ tJ'DvlawGudk ta&xlwJhvl Thick-skinned man ta&yg;wJhvl Thin-skinned man &,fvdkYvJ owfrwvYkd &r,fxifygw,f/ bmaMumihvqawmh 'DvawG[m trSeukd S f f J kd l f trSef twdkif;aMumif;usKd;qifjcif rodjrifEkdifwJh arm[? t0dZm? wPSm qdwhJ 0rlvw&m;ESpyg; zH;k vTr;f cHae&&SmwJh bmqdbmrS rodem;rvnfEif k f k dk wJh iguorance vlYtEvluef;awGvdkYqdk&rSmjzpfygw,f/ avmurSm vltE vluef;b0rjzpfMuzd&m ta&xlwvl ta& Y Yk hJ yg;wJh vlawGeJYvJ b,fvdkrS rywfoufwJh orm'd|du tjrifrSef t,lrSef

19

tajymrSef tvkyfrSefwJhvl ynm&Sdolawmfaumif;jzpfMuzdkY&m ,ck rsufarSmufvlYb0 vlYtjzpf&aewJh umv? omoemawmfvJ yGihfvif;ae wJh umvrsKd;rSm BuKd;yrf;MuzdkY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ avmurSm qifjcifwHkw&m;eJY jynfhpHkwJh todw&m; owd w&m;&SdwJh vlrSef&if a&G;p&mvrf;u (ESpf) vrf;yJ&Sdygw,f/ avmuDvrf;aMumif;jzpfwJh avmu"HqdkwJh t*Fg( 8)yg;&SdwJh avmurSm tNrJwrf;&SdaewJhoabm vrf;aMumif;xJrSm aecsif&ifaeyg/ 'grSr[kwf 'kucyfodrf; uif;Nidrf;&mtrSef jrwfaom edAme "mwftocFwodkY 0ifa&muf&m r*f\ tpdwf t*Fg? r*if(8)yg;&SdwJh f vrf;aMumif; (pathway to Nibbana) ay:rSm avQmufcsiavQmufaeyg/ 'Dvrf;aMumif; (ESpf)oG,frSwpfyg; tjcm;a&G;cs,fp&m vrf;r&Sd ygbl;/ om;&Jxlajym&m rSmbufurf;rS om;&Juif;pif&m [dkrSmbuf urf;odkY ul;oef;&ef vrf;aMumif;(ESpf)oG,fyJ&Sdygw,f/ tbd"rm yd#uwf? y|mef;ygVdawmfrSm a[mawmfrlwJh pum; wpf&yf&Sdygw,f/ r*ypa,m qdkwJh ypnf;quftusKd;ouf a'oem awmfyg/ ukokdvf? 0dygwf? Bwd,mwdkYyg0ifwJh r*ifw&m;&Spfyg;wdkY[m rdrd eJY twlwuGjzpfwhJ kyemrfw&m;wdtm; rnf;npfaom om0Z tukovf f Yk kd "ruae jzLpifwhJ te0Z"roYkd a&mufaMumif;tm;jzihf aus;Zl;jyKMuw,f vdqygw,f/ Yk kd 'gudk maggapaccayo (r*ypa,m) vkdYqdkygw,f/ teufu
The supportive function of morality (kusala), resultant of right aspiration (vipaka), consciousness bereft of karma (is the kiriya of the Buddha and supremely sanctified persons that cause no karma) and the (8) constituents of the right-path (magganga).

tJ'gudk r**F? r*f\ tpdwft*Fg? r*ifvdkYac:ygw,f/ olawmf oljrwfwdkYavQmufvSrf;&mrSef jrwfaomvrf;aMumif;rSefqdkwmu1/ orm'd|d r**F =aumif;jrwfonfh t,lwnf;[laom ynm/
. Samma-ditthi magganga=Right outlook. ..

2/ ormouFy r**F= aumif;jrwfonfh tBuHwnf;[laom 0dwuf/

. - . Samma sankappa magganga-Right aspiration. . - - Samma vaca magganga=Right speech.

3/ orm0gpm r**F=aumif;jrwfaom pum;\ taMumif;/ 4/ ormurE r**F

. Sammakammanta magganga-Right action.

=aumif;jrwfaom trI\taMumif;/ =aumif ; jrwf a om touf a rG ; jcif ; \

5/ ormtmZD0r**F taMumif;/

. -- Sammaaj1va magganga-Right livelihood.

6/ orm0g,rr**F=aumif;jrwfaom vHkYvjyKjcif;wnf;[laom 0D&d,/

. - Sammavayama magganga=Right effort.

7/ ormowdr**F= aumif;jrwfaomatmufarhjcif;owd/
. Sammasati magganga - Right mindfulness.

8/ ormorm"dr**F -aumif;jrwfaom wnfMunfjcif;wnf;[laom {u*wm/

. Sammasamadhi magganga-Right concentration.

edAmefa&mufaMumif; aumif;jrwfreuefaom vrf;aMumif;rSef S f wGif avQmufvr;f aeaom olukd r*fwnfaeaom yk*Kd vf (MaggatthaS .. one who is on the path to Nibbana) [kac:qdktyfavonf/ "r0D&-oEm (tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' o moemjyKwu o k d v f )

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

v,fwDq&ma

The Ledi Dham

D d v,fweAmefw

a&;om;jyKp

MAHA THERA L
(edAme'DyeD)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf )
twH? edAmefodkY/ yavwd? a&mufav\- [laom teufrSm vnf; edAmefqonfum; tyltavmifw&m;wd\ csKyNf ir;f jcif;trIuyif kd Yk d kd qdkonf/ xdkYaMumifh twH? edAmefodkY [kqdkonfESihf? twH? uG,fyjcif;? csKyfNidrf;jcif;odkY [k qdkaompum;onf twlwlyifjzpfonf/ avmu r&PH ? aojcif ; od k Y / ed * p w d ? a&muf a v\ [lonfESihf r&wd? ao\ [lonftwlwlyif jzpfouJhodkYwnf;/ ab'H? ysufpD;jcif;odkY/ *pwd? a&mufav\/ bdZwd? ysufpD; av\/ Z&H? tdkjcif;odkY/ *pwd? a&mufav\/ Zd,swd? tdkav\/ yguH? usufjcif;odkY/ *pwd? a&mufav\/ ypwd? usufav\[laom pum; rsdK;wdkY (2) cGef;ESihf (1) cGef; t"dym,fwlMuouJhodkYwnf;/ tw*Fawm aom O' 0g aom ewd? O'g[k a0 owd,m ta&ma*g/ wH ar rked om'k 0d,mua&m[d? wxm [d aw 0d'dawm {o "arm/ (tar;/) aom? xdy*Kd vonf/ tw*awm? cEmuG,yjcif;odYk a&muf\ k k f F f qdkaomf/ aom? xdkcEm uG,fyjcif;odkYa&mufaomyk*dKvfonf/ O'? pifppf/ ewd 0g? r&Sdjcif;yif jzpfavoavm/ O'g[k? xdkodkYr[kwf/ a0? pifppf/ owd,m? tNrJedptm;jzihf/ ta&ma*g? ysufpD;jcif;r&Sd wnfavoavm/ rked? jrwfpGmbk&m;/ wH? xdktaMumif;udk/ ar? uREfkyftm;/ om'k? aumif;pGm/ 0d,mua&m[d? ajzMum;ygavmh/ [d? avQmufoihfpG/ aw? t&Sifbk&m;onf/ {o"arm? w&m;udk/ wxm? [kwfrSefaomtwdkif;/ 0d'dawm? odawmfrltyf\/ (um; teuf/) avmu xif&m;aeaomt,lrm cEmvnf;wjcm;? cEm\ S S t&Sifjzpfaom twvnf; wjcm;? yk*dKvf? ow0g[lonf xdktwudk qdkvdk&if;wnf;/ y&dedAmeftpH cEmcsKyfqHk;&mwGif xdkcEm\t&Sifjzpfaom yk*dKvfow0gwGifvnf; jywfawmufavawmhonf- [laomt,lum; ]]edwd}} ,lwnf;/ (Oap''d|d- qdkvdkonf/) bk & m;vuf x uf a wmf r S m ,rutrnf & S d a om &[ef ; \ t,l r sd K ;wnf ; / ]]e a[mwd wxm*awm y&H r &Pm}} [l a om t,lvnf; ewd t,lyifwnf;/
(Continue from last week) . In 'attham paleti=attain to nibbana," nibbana is the cessation appeasement of the burning dhammas. Therefore . "attham=to nibbana" is the same as ''attham=to the disappearing, to the cessation. . Just as in the world ''maranam nigacchati= come to death" and ''marati =die" are the same. . "bhedam gacchati =bhijjati", comes to destruction =perishes . "jaram gacchati =jiyyati" comes to old age =aged ''pakam gacchati =paccati" comes to be well-cooked =well-cooked In such kind of words as above, two words and one world have the same meaning. . atthamgato so uda va so natthi, -hu ve sassatiya arogo. udha . tam me muni sadhu viyakarohi, - hi te vidito esa dhamma. [Question] tatha so atthamgato =If is said 'that person comes to disappear' so =the person who comes to disappear uda =indeed natthi va =does not exist udahu =or ve =indeed sassatiya arogo =does always exist without perishing anymore? muni =Buddha! . -dhuviyakarohi = Please tell me well the answer tam me sa hi =It's good to ask te esadhammo tatha vidito =You really know this dhamma. [Meaning] In the world, the prominent view is this; 'Khandha is one - is another; the personthing, the atta, the owner of the khandha being essentially means that atta-self. The belief the owner of that khandha, person- being is also cut off is natthika view.

(Nibbana Di pan

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

21

awmfbk&m;BuD;

usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

w&m;awmfrsm;

awmf pawmfrlaom

ma on Nibba na
i = The Manual of Nibbana)
cEmonfom csKyfqHk;onf? yk*dKvf? ow0g [laom twonf rlum; csKyq;kH onfr&S- [laom t,lum; ]]tw}d } t,lwnf;/ (oum, f d 'd|-qdvonf/) ]]a[mwdwxm*wm y&Hr&Pm}} [laomt,lyifwnf;/ d k kd Oyod0ykPm;onfum;- a&SU*gxmrSm ]]twH yavwd}} [laom ygXfjzifh cEm\ csKyfqHk;jcif;udk ajzMum;awmfrlonf/ / cE m \ t&Sijf zpfaom yk*Kd vonfum; xdcEmcsKyq;kH &mrSmyif jywfawmufu,f f k f G y oGm;avoavm odkYr[kwf cEmrS uRwfvGwf wpfyHkwpfrsdK;jzpf tNrJwnfaeavoavm[k ,HkrSm;&Sd aemuftar;udk ar;jyefonf/ jrwfpmbk&m;onfum; ]]twd ew}d } [laom t,lEpyg;udk y,fawmf G S f rl\/ twDwd acg upme {aum taEm? ewDwd acg upme 'kwd a,m taEm/ (upmea*gwokwf) twd[laom t,lvnf; t,kwfw&m; (1) yg;/ ewd[laom t,lvnf; t,kwfw&m; (1) yg; [lvdkonf/ bk&m;a'oemawmfrlum; yk*dKvf? ow0g? tw? ZD0 [l rkcstm;jzihf r&Sd/ kyf? emrfw&m;onfom rkcstm;jzihf &Sdonf/ xdkkyf? emrfw&m;onfvnf; t0dZm? wPSm tp&Sdaom taMumi;fw&m; xif&Sm;&SdaeorQ umvywfvHk; ewdoabm? Oap'oabmodkY a&muf onf [lr&Sd/ taMumif;w&m;udk y,f&Sm;vQif csKyfNidfrf;jcif;odkY a&mufNrJ jzpf oHo&m tNrJ&Sdaeaom twdoabmvnf;r&Sd/ xdkYaMumifh xkoaom twoabm? ewoabmESifh Oyod0ykPm; ar;avQmufonf d Ykd d d udk twd? ewdrS tvGwfjzpfaom wpfyg;aomy&d,m,fjzihf ajzawmfrl ay\/ tw*Fw e yrmPr- wd? a,e eH 0ZHK wH w ewd/ oaAok "arok orl[awok? orl[wm 0g'yxmyd oaA/ / (tajz) tw*Fw? kyf emrfcEm uG,fyjcif;odkY a&mufavaom y&dedAKwyk*dKvftm;/ yrmPH? &Sdonf/ r&Sdonf-[l qdkEdkif&ef yrmP onf/ etwd? r&Sd/ a,e? tMuifwpfpHkwpfckaom y&rw"rjzihf/ eH? xdkyk*dKvfudk/ 0ZHK? ynwfwif ac:a0:ajymqdkMuukef&m\/ w?
[It is uccheda ditthi= annihilation-belief] It is the same as the view of bhikhu Vamaka at the time of the Buddha. The view: ''na hoti tathagato parammarana" is, too, natthi view. The view: 'only khandha ceases whereas atta, person, being does not cease' is atthi view [etemity belief] It is the view; ''hoti tathagato parammarana." - was expounded to brahmana The cessation of khandha . Upasiva in the former verse in pali term ''attham paleti," As the brahmana was doubtful whether the owner of the khandha, person was cut off the disappeared with the cessation of that khandha or he was freed from khandha and always exist in some way, he continued to ask the question. The Buddha, too, rejected those wrong views: ''atthi, natthi." atth1ti kho kaccana eko anto, natth1ti kho kaccana dut1yo anto. [kaccanagotta sutta] The belief of 'atthi' is also an ignoble extreme. The belief of 'natthi' is also an ignoble extreme. In the discourses of the Buddha, there is indeed no person, neither being, nor atta-self, nor j-va- life; there is indeed 1 nama-ru pa, mind-matter. That mind-matter does not come to be the nature of natthi, nihilism, so long as there are evidently causes: the ignorance and the craving (avijja, tan.ha) etc, If the causes were dispelled, it will come to cease and there is never existing nature of atthi. Therefore, to the questions asked by brahmana Upasiva with regard to atthi nature and natthi nature, the Buddha answered in a way free from atthi and natthi. . atthangatassa na pamanama' tthi, yena nam vajjum tam tassa natthi. sabbesu dhammesu samuhatesu, - - - samuhata vadapathap1 sabbe. [Answer] atatthangatassa =For the parinibbuta puggala, the person whose mind and matter, khandha , have disappered. - . pamanam na atthi =there is nothing to say ''exist or not exist. yena nam vijjum =that person may be called in the term of

by

LEDI SAYADAW

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ionf/

~~ pannatti- concept with the help of an ultimate; . tassa tam natthi =for him there is no such thing. sabbe dhammesu = When all the ultimates are samuhatesu =taken off and they cease, sabbe vadapathapi=all means of calling will also be taken off and samuhata = they will cease altogether. [Meaning] In this verse, the meaning of first pada is also commented with the second pada. The meaning of second pada is commented -da thus; ''sabbesu dhammesu with the thrid and fourth pa - samuhatesu samuhata vadapathapi sabbe." [The full meaning in detail is as in the same way answer to Vaccha paribbajaka.] In brief...Only when the five constituent groups of ~~ existence, khandha ultimates are present, there can be pan n atticoncept with regard to being. Wherever there are no five constituent groups of existence, khandha ultimates, there can be ~ ~n atti-concept with regard to being. At the cessation no pan parinibbana, those five constituent groups of existence, khandha

xdkyk*dKvftm;/ wH? wpfpHkwpfckaom w&m;onf? ewd? r&Sd/ oaAok? tvHk;pHkukefaom/ "arok? y&rw"rwdkYonf/ orl[awok? y,fEkwf csKyNf ir;f ukeNf y;D onf&aomf/ oaA? tvk;H pHueaom/ 0g'yxmyd? ac:a0: d dS k k f ajymqdkp&m enf;vrf;wdkYonfvnf;/ orl[wm? y,fEkwfcsKyfNidrf;Muav ukefNyD/ (um;teuf/) *gxm yxryg'\ t"dym,fudk 'kwd,yg'ESihf zGihfjyawmf rlonf/ 'kwd,yg'\ t"dym,fudkvnf; ]]oaAok "arok orl[awok? orl[wm 0g'yxmyd oaA}} [laom wwd,? pwkwyg'wdkYESihf zGihfjy awmfrlonf/ (t"dym,ftus,frSm ypy&dAdkZfudk ajzawmfrlaom enf;vrf; twdi;f yif/) k d S tusOf ; rS m rl u m;/ / cEm (5) yg; y&rww&m;rsKd ;&SromvQif ow0gESihfpyfaom ynwfa0g[m&rsdK;&SdEdkifonf/ cEm (5) yg; y&rw w&m;rsKd ;r&S&mrSm ow0gESipyfaom ynwfa0g[m&rsKd ; r&SEi/ y&deAmef d fh d kd f d pHMuaomtcg xdkcEmig;yg; y&rww&m;rsdK;wdkYonf t<uif;tusef r&Sd tukeftpOf uG,faysmufcsKyfNidrf;Muavukef\/ xdkw&m;wdkY csKyfNidrf; MuukefvQifvnf; xdkyk*dKvfwdkY\ oEmefESihfpyfaom ynwfw&m;wdkYonf vnf; uG,faysmufMuavukef\/ y&dedAmef pkwdurZkyf csKyfonfrS aemufumv edpxm0&jzpfaom tocFwedAmefBu;D odYk a&mufaeaom wpfpwpfck aom y&rwfw&m; ynwfw&m;[l t>rufavoHrQr&SdNyD kH qdvonf/ k kd *gxm ]]oaAok "arok orl[awok? orl[wm 0g'yxm yd oaA}} [laom (2) yg'wdkY]]oaAok "arok orl[awolwd oaAok caEok? oaAok tm,waeok? oAmok "mwlok}}/ [l t&Sifom&dykw&m zGihfawmfrlaomaMumihf y&dedAme pkwd urZkyftcsKyfwGif xdkyk*dKvfoEmef cEm[lorQ? tm,we [lorQ? "mwf[orQ tukecsKyNf ir;f ukeq;kH avuke\/ wpfpwpf&m t>rufavoH l f d f f kH rQ t<uif;tusefr&SdNyD[laomteufonf xif&Sm;ay\/ orl[wm 0g'yxmyd oaAwd 0g'yxm 0kpEd udavom p cEm p? tbdocFg&mp? w 0g'p? 0g'yxmp? t"d0pem p? t"d0pe yxmp? edkwd p? edkwdyxm p? ynwd p? ynwdyxm p? O[wm? orl[wm? O'#m? ork'#m? Oyg#dwm? orkyg#dwm? y[Dem? orkpEm? d 0lyoEm? y#dy'g? tbAKywdum? P*dem? twd orl[wm 0g'yxmyd oaA/ [l t&Sifom&dykw&m zGihfjyawmfrlaomaMumifh y&dedAme pkwurZkycsKyNf y;D onfrS aemufumv xdy*Kd vEipyfaom wpfpwpfck d f k k f S fh kH aom y&rwfw&m; wpfpHkwpfckaom ynwfw&m;[l t>rufavoHrQ r&SdNyD[k odomay\/ ]]y&deAK wyk*Kd v?f y&deAK wyk*Kd v}f } [l ajymqdac:a0:Muonf d d k rSm y&dedAme pkwdurZkyf rcsKyfrD a&S;tzdkY xif&Sm;aom cEm (5) yg;? kyf emrf w&m;wdkYudk twdwfpum;jzihf ajymqdkac:a0:Muaom t&momwnf;/ edAmef xdkyk*dKvfoEmefESifhpyfaom y&rwf tcuf teuf? ynwf tcuf teuf t>rufavoH &Sdae xdky&rwf? xdkynwfudk ac:qdMk uaom t&mr[kw?f xdaMumihf ]]ocsaemaywd}} [lvnf;aumif;? Yk ]]twHyavwd? e Oaywd ocs}} [lvnf;aumi;f? ]]orl[wm 0g' yxmyd oaA}} [lvnf;aumif; a[mawmfrlonf/ 1/ odkYvQif Oyod0jyem avxJodkYjywfygavaom

ultimates completely cease forever without remaining anything. ~~ If those dhammas cease, the pan n atti-concept connectect with his body, too, will disappear. After the cessation of kammajararu -na-cuti, there is not any trace of the ultimate dhammas pa, parinibba ~~ and the pann atti-concepts that reach asankhatanibbana. -das: ''sabbesu dhammesu In this verse, in the two pa - - samuhatatesu, samuhata vadapathapi sabbe," the Ven. Sariputta commented thus:''sabbesu dhammestu samuhatesuti sabbesu khandhesu, sabbesu ayatanesu, - -us dhatusu. sabba Therefore, at the cessation of kammajarupa. parinibba -, a na cuti, what so ever constituent groups of existence, khandha yatana bases, elements cease altogether completely forever; there is not any trace of them without remaining anything; thus this meaning is evident. For the Ven.Sariputta commented thus; - vadapathapi sabbeti vadaptha vuccanti kilesa ''samuhata - ca abhisankharaca, tassa vadaca, vadapatha ca, - - ca khandha adhivacana ca, adhivacanapata ca, nirutti ca niruttipatha ca, ~ n atti ca, pannattipatha ca uhata , samu hata uddhata , ~ ~~ pan - - - samuddhata, uppatita, samuppatita, panh1na samucchinna vu -, patipassaddha, abhabbuppattika, ~anaggina daddhati - npasanta samuhata vadapathapi sabbe."___ it is evident that after the cessation of kammajarupa, -na cuti, there is no trace of any ultimate dhamma and parinibba ~~ pann atti- concept dhamma connected with that person. The term ''parinibbuta puggala, parinibuta puggala" is used only for the prominent five constituent groups of existence, nama-rupa, just before the cessation of kammaja-rupa, parinibbana, parinibbana, in terms of the past. It is used or called not because there is in nibbana a ~~ trace of the sense of ultimate and pannatti-concept with the body of that person. Therefore the Buddha expounded thus: ''sankhyamnopeti" or ''attham paleti, naupeti sankhyam" or - "samuhata vadapathapi sabbe." 1. Thus, the example of the cessation of the flame of the fire in the

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf Ak'\ax&0g' "rw&m;tppfxGef;um;&ef jzpfonf/

23

bm0emtpGrf;-edAmefvrf;
a&Tnmol(a&Tb) dk
2009 pufwifbm 15 &ufaeYxwf tEkynm*sme,frm azmfjy k S yg&SdwJh? wkwfEdkifiHrS wpfESpforD;uav;wpfa,muf t`rTmudk,f0efvG,f xm;&w,fqdkwJh owif;xl;owif;qef;wpfyk'fudk zwfvkduf&ygw,f/ aq;ynm&Sifq&m0ef orm;awmfBuD;rsm;&JU tqdkt&uawmh tJ'Duav;rav;udk udk,f0efaqmifxm;&csdefrSm rdbESpfyg;&JU oaEom; [m tJ'uav;rav;&JU0rf;xJua&mufjcif;aMumifh tJ'vkd txl;tqef; D kd D jzpf&w,f&,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ 'Dowif;udk zwfvkduf&wJhtcsdefwdktwGif;rSm pma&;ol&JUpdwf todpdwfPfxJudk tjrifwpfck0ifvmwm owdxm;rdvkdufygw,f/ ]]aemifwzef y#doaEae&&if'ku? aemifwzefy#doaErae&&ifawmh okc}} qdwhJ jrwfpmbk&m;&Sia[mMum;awmfrwhJ "rtoHawmfjzpfygw,f/ k G f l 'DurmavmuBuD;xJrSm yk*dKvfow0grSeforQwdkY[m y#doaE uif;NyD; jzpfwnfvmjcif;r&SdcJhMuyg/ tyltavmifw&m;wdkY&JUcsKyf&m Nidrf; &m ukeq;kH &mjzpfwhJ tocFw"mwf edAmefjrwfora&mufao;orQ rsm;pGm f Ykd aom y#doaEaerI? tdkrI? emrI? aorIrsm;pGmwdkYukd yifyrf;qif;&JBuD;rm;pGm jzihf oHo&mwpfavQmuf jzwfoef;Mu&OD;rSmjzpfygw,f/ trd&UJ 0rf;AdutxJrm tpma[mif;tdrukd zifcxivsu?f tpm k f S f k dk f opftdrfudk OD;acgif;xdyfxuf acgif;rSm&Gufvsuf? tarSmifwdkufrJrJ qif;qif;&J&J rvl;omrvGefYom wdkufydwfcHae&wJh tusOf;om;yrmaecJh Mu&wmawGudkvJ jyefajymif;awG;qMunfhMur,fqdk&if odEdkifMurSm jzpfyg w,f/ ]]'d|- rSm;aomt,lovnf; ruyfr? oDv0g'ae- oDv d Ykd l w&m; r*fw&m; zdvw&m;rsm;ESi?hf oraEm- jynhponfjzpf? umarokk f f kH 0wKumr? udavomumrwd? a*"H- wyfjcif;ud?k 0dae,s- azsmuf&m\/ Yk aom- xdkolonf? *Aao,sH- trd0rf;wGif; y#doaEae&jcif;odkY? ykewzef? Zmwk- tu,frvGJojzihf? e[d{[d- ra&muf}} [k arwokwf vm&Sdygw,f/ t&d,mEG,0ifoawmfpifrjzpforQumvywfv;kH ? rdrw&UJ cEm f l d Ykd ig;yg;? kyfemrfESpfyg;wdkYtay:rSm? igaumifolaumifvlaumifewfaumif rD;awmuf\ aysmufysufuG,fqHk;yHkudk Oyrmjyawmfrlonf wpf&yf/ 2/ ]]orl[wm 0g'yxmyd oaA}} [k a[mawmfronfwpf&yf/ l odkYaomtcsufrsm;udk axmufxm; y&dedAme pkwdurZkyfcsKyf&m xdkyk*dKvfoEmefESihfpyfaom y&rwf? ynwf tukeftpif csKyfNidrf;uG,f aysmufavaMumif;/ vl&[EmjzpfcJhvQif o&D&"mwfawmfrQom tusef &SaMumif;? ewf&[Em? jA[m&[EmjzpfcvQif o&D&"mwfawmfrQrS tusef d hJ r&SdaMumif;udk odtyf\/ Oyod0jyem tmudnm,we tlybHrS y&deAmefprI k d H udk a[mawmfrlaomaMumifh xdktrItm;avsmfpGm avxJodkYjywf ygav aom rD;awmufudk OyrmjyKawmfrlavonf/ (um; Oyod 0 jyemwnf ; /) (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / ) jA[maumif&,fvdkY pGJaeorQ tzefzeftwefwef y#doaEae&jcif;? rsm;jym;pGm&Sdae&OD;rSmjzpfygw,f/ t&d,mrjzpfao;wJh ykxkZOfrSeforQ rdrdwdkY&JUcEmudk,fudk ighudk,f? ihg[m? igykdif? ihgqdkif? ihgvif? ihgom;? ihgZeD;? ighorD;? ihgr,m;eJY pD;yGm;OpmrSeorQ 'gihg[m? ihgOpm&,fv?Ykd trSewu,fr&SwhJ ynwfw&m; f f d awGtay:rSm trSef&Sd wu,f&Sd t[kwf&Sdxifum? tpGJtvef;jyif;xef aeMujyefygw,f/ ]]emrfw&m;u ajcusdK;? vufusdK;? onf;ajcysuf? 0rf;wGif;l;/ kyw&m;qdwmu ajcaumif;vufaumif;ayrih?f rsupEpui;f tvif;r& f k f d S f G wJholeJY wlygw,f}} &,fvdkY aus;Zl;&Sif rdk;ukwfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u? cEmig;yg;wd&UJ 'kuopmay:vGiap&ef Oyrmay; rdeqawmfrcygw,f/ Yk f Yf kd l hJ odkYygaomaMumihf uRefrwdkY&JUcEmtay:rSm todrSef tjrifrSef t,lreMf uapzd&m? 0dyem bm0emw&m;udk BuKd ;pm;Ny;D yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf S Yk Mu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk BudK;pm;yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMurSom cEmig;yg; kyfemrfw&m;wdkY&JU trSefoabmudk odjrifem;vnfEdkifMurSmyg/ tJ'Dvdk cEmig;yg; kyemrfw&m;awG&UJ oabmobm0trSeukd odjrifem;vnfMurS f f om? wPSmrme'd|awGjyKwvYkd tyg,fab;qd;k Bu;D rS uif;a0;Murnfjzpfyg d f w,f/ cEmqdkwmu kyfemrf"rocFg&wdkY&JU tpktaygif;udk ac:qdk wmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dtac:cEmrSm (1) lyuEm- kyfw&m;tpk/ (2) a0'emuEm- cHpm;rIa0'emtpk/ (3) onmuEm- rSwom;rIonmtpk/ f (4) ocFg&uEm- a0'em? onmrSwpfyg;? usefwJh apwodufrsm;tpkeJY (5) 0dnmPuEmqdkwJh odrI0dnmOftpk&,fvdkY (5) rsdK; (5) pm;&Sdygw,f/ 'gu kyfw&m;? emrfw&m;awGudk aygif;pkazmfjywJhtpktaygif;? cEm jzpfygw,f/ 'DcEmeJYpyfvdkY y#dporkym'fa'oemawmfrSm? ypKyefcEmjzpf aMumif;eJY csKyfaMumif;rsm;udk a[mawmfrlygw,f/ cEmjzpfaMumif;udk aumif;aumif;od&if? 0dpdudpmaow,f/ cEmjzpfaMumif;aMumihf tusdK; pmrsuf E S m 25 ok d Y
~~ air has been given in this upasiva pannha, and -hata vadapathapi sabbe." - 2. it has been expounded: ''samu Hence basing upon these facts, it should be understood that all the ultimates and pannatti-concepts connected with that person have ceased altogether and disappeared completely forever without remaining anything; and that if he were a human arahat the only relics will remain; and that if he were a devaarahat or a brahma-arahat even the relics will never remain. ~~ In this upasiva pann ha as the attainment of parinibbana -kincan n ayatana arupa abode was expounded, the ~~ from the a example of the flame of the fire blown off in the air was shown to suit the condition. ~~ ~ [This is upasiva pann ha .]

(To be Continue)

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24

"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

Aka'g&o t&SifEmp&d,
(aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&? arS m f b D )

t&dyfaumif;
t&d y f y rm uH o m
tw a *a[ ed 0 w E d ? ok o mae rd w A E 0 g/ okuwH 'kuwH urH? qm,m0 tEk,m,deD/ twm- v,f,mrdk;ajr a&TaiGpyg; uRJEGm;Opm &wemwdkYonf? a*a[- rdrdwnfaysmf aetdrfay:? ed0wEd- rvdkufryg usef&pfMu&Smukef\/ rdwAE0g- rdwfaqGcifyGef; cspfuRrf;w0ifcifrifolwdkYonf? okmae- olaoaumifjrKyfESH okomefocsKif; aemufqHk;ydkif;? ed0wEd- idk,dkwrf;w pdk;&drfaomujzihf romydkYum jyefMu&Smukef\/ okuwH 'kuwH urH- udk,fwkdifjyKxm; aumif;rI? raumif;rI uHESpfyg; onfomvQif? qm,m- tvif;aMumif;[dwf vlYt&dyfonf? D d f h tEk,m,de0- oGm;olaemufoYkd aumufaumufruGm vkuygouJo?Ykd m,wd d f tEk,m,wd- aumif;pGmxyfMuyf uyfraoG vkuygavawmhownf;/ ow0gwpfOD;wpfa,mufonf oHo&mc&D;wpfavQmufrSm um,uH? 0pDuH? raemuH[laom uHrsm;udk aeYpOfESifhtrQ jyKvkyfae& rnfom/ b0ESifh trQvnf; jzpfaeMurnfomjzpf\/ aumif;rIuovuH k kd f jzpfvQijf zpfrnf/ raumif;rItukovuvnf; jzpfvQijf zpfrnf/ aumif;rI? kd f H raumif;rI a&maESmaeaomuHvnf; jzpfvQifjzpfrnfom/ aumif;rIuHjzpfvQifum; vl? ewf? edAmef oHk;wefaom csrf;om tusdK;w&m;ay;rnf/ raumif;rIuHjzpfvQifvnf; tyg,fav;yg; qif;&J 'kursm;pGm tusdK;w&m;ay;rnf/ xdkuHawGuvnf; t&dyfozG,f vkdufyg aeavonf/ a&TaiG v,f,mypnf;OpmESifh rdbaqGrsdK; rdwfaqGo*F[ cspfvSpGmaomolwdkYum; oGm;av&maemufryg? usef&pfcJhMu&ygukef\/ oHo&mb0aemufoYkd aumif;uHrsm; ygoGm;ygu ]]t&dyaumif;}} f [k qdkEdkif\/ raumif;uHrsm; ygoGm;ygu ]]t&dyfraumif;}} [k qkdEdkif\/ t&dyfaumif; cdkrSD;rS csrf;om&/ t&dyfraumif; cdkrSD;&ifum; 'kursm;&\/ xdkYaMumifh t&dyfaumif;jzpfwJh aumif;uHrsm; ygoGm;&atmif udk,fwdkif aumif;aom um,uH? 0pDuH? raemuHawGjzpfatmif jyKvkyfoihfacs\/ bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm? &wemoH;k yg; ]]t&dyaumif;}} atmufrm f S cdem; aumif;aomt&dyf ]]t&dyaumif;}} &atmif,yg[k xyfavmif; k f l owdaumif;apyg\/

odkYjzpf&um; apwemaumif;vQif uHaumif;w,f/ apwem raumif;&if uHraumif;yg/ apwemjrwfvQif uHvnf;jrwfw,f/ apwem ,kwfvQif uHvnf; ,kwfygw,f/ aumif ; uH raumif ; uH w d k Y \ tusd K ;ay;ouf a &muf r I E S i h f ywfouf "ry'a'oemrSm jrwfpGmkb&m; a[mMum;xm;yg\/

raumif ; uH r &if h aumif ; uH jrif h & w,f

ygaygyd ywd bN'H? ,m0 ygyH e ypwd/ ,'g p yp w d ygyH ? tx ygayg ygyged ywd / ("r y '- 119) raumif;rIuHudk jyKvkyfxm;ol jzpfygap? xdkraumif;rIuH &ifusuvmNy;D qd;k jypfraumif;usKd ;udk ray;ao;rDtcse csr;f omokcudk h f d f awGUjrifcHpm;ae&ao;\/ odaomfvnf; jyKvycaom raumif;rIuH tusKd ;ay;&ef tcsef Yk k f hJ d wefvmaomtcg uHqdk;ydkif&Sifonf raumif;qdk;0g; qif;&J'kursm;udk awGUjrifcHpm;&awmh\/

aumif ; uH r &ih f raumif ; uH jrif h a e&w,f

baj'myd ywd ygyH ? ,m0 bN'H e yp w d / ,'g p yp w d bN'H ? tx baj'm bj'med ywd / ("r y '- 120) aumif;rIuH jyKvkyfxm;oljzpfygap? xdkaumif;rIuHaumif;usdK; udk ray;ao;rDtcsdeftwGif; qif;&J'kuudk awGUjrifcHpm;ae&ao;\/ odkYaomfvnf; jyKxm;aom aumif;rIuH tusdK;ay;csdefwefvm aomtcg aumif;uHydkif&Sifonf csrf;omokc[lorQudk awGUjrifcHpm;& awmh\/

uH w &m;&J U uG J j ym;rI
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf om0wdjynf aZw0efausmif; udef;atmif; pOfumvu awma',sykPm;\om;jzpfaom okbvkvif bk&m;&Sifudk csOf;uyf ar;avQmufxm;\/ t&Sifa*gwr..vlwdkYrSm vlvlcsif;jzpfygvsuf ,kwfjcif;? jrwf jcif;wdkY awGUjrifae&ygukef\/ xdktaMumif;t&if; taxmuftyHhum; tb,fygenf;bk&m;[k qufvufavQmufxm;\/ (u) 'dEd [d abm a*gwr rEkm tyg,kum? 'dEd 'DCm,kum/ (c) 'd E d A0S m Am"m? 'd E d ty g Am"m/ (*) 'dEd 'kAPm? 'dEd 0P0aEm/ (C) 'd E d tay o u m ? 'd E d ra[ou m / (i) 'd E d ty a bm*g? 'd E d r[mabm*g/ (p) 'd E d eD p uk v m? 'd E d Op m uk v D e m/ (q) 'dEd 'kynm? 'dEd ynmaEm/ t&Sifa*gwr... (u) toufwdkol? touf&SnfolwdkYudkvnf; awGUjrif&\/ (c) tema&m*grsm;ol? tema&m*genf;olwuvnf; awGUjrif Ykd kd &\/ (*) tqif;rvSol? tqif;vSolwdkYudkvnf; awGUjrif&\/ (C) a>c&Henf;ol? a>c&Hrsm;olwdkYudkvnf; awGUjrif&\/ (i) ypn;f Opmenf;ol? ypn;f Opmrsm;olwuvnf; awGUjrif&\/ Ykd kd

uH
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf t&if;rlvusus apwemudk ]]uH}} [l a[mxm;awmfrlyg\/ uHonf ]]ur}} [laom ygVdoufa0g[m&rS ]]uH}} jzpfvmacs\/ t"dym,frSm tvkyf[ljzpfonf/ (u) apwem[H bdua0 urH 0'grd? cspfom;&[ef;wdkY apwemudk uH[l igbk&m;a[m\/ (c) apw,dwm urH ua&mwd uma,e 0gpm, reom/ G aphaqmfNyD; udk,f? EIwf? pdwf wpfrsdK;rsdK;jzihf jyKvkyf\/

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/ (p) trsdK;,kwfol? trsdK;jrwfolwdkYudkvnf; awGUjrif&\/ (q) ynmrJhol? ynm&SdolwdkYudkvnf; awGUjrif&\/ xdkaMumif;t&if; taxmuftyHhum; tb,fygenf;bk&m;[k avQmufxm;\/

25

jrwfomoem&SnfMumxGef;apzkdY
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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tukodkvf [kvnf;aumif; ac:a0:Mu\/ aumif;onf? qkd;onf? jrwfonf? ,kwonf [lonfrm ukovEitukovay: f S dk f S hf dk f wGif rlwnfaejyefygonf/ xkoYdk aumif;rIjyKjcif;? Yd raumif;rIjyKjcif;wkdYonf pdwf? apwodufwkdYukd tajccHvsuf&Sd\/ pd w f o nf w ef c k d ; BuD ; \/ avmu BuD;ukd vTrf;rkd;\/ ]]pdaweed,awavmaum}} (pd w f o nf avmuuk d p G r f ; aqmif E k d i f \ ) [k Ak'j rwfpmbk&m;&Siu a[mMum;awmfrygonf/ G f l avmu[lonf kyavmu? emrfavmujzpf\/ f k y f E S i f h e mrf u d k y if avmu[k ac:qk d M u\/ ]]vk Z w D w d a vmaum}} (ysuf p D ; wwf a om oabmonf avmujzpf\) [k tqk&ygonf/ d dS avmu tqkH;ukd &SmazGaom ]]a&m[dw}} trnf & S d ewf o m;wpf y g;&S d c J h y gonf / xkdewfom;onf avmutqkH;ukd &SmazG rawG U cJ h y g/ jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f u ]]jyif y &S d A[d ' a vmuuk d &S m azG &Ek d i f r nf r [k w f ? wpfvHrQavmufaom rdrd\ cEmukd,ftwGif; rSmom PfjzihfEIduf avmu tqkH;ukd&Smyg}} [k vrf ; T e f a wmf r l c J h \ / xk d t cgrS a&m[dwewfom;onf avmutqkH;jzpf aom opmw&m;ukd &SmazGawGU&SdcJh&avonf/

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"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/ kyf? edAmef [lav;yg;&&SdEkdifygonf/ y&rwf [lonf razmufrjyef rSeuef aomoabm&SNd y;D f olYoabmolaqmifygonf/ pdwf? apwoduf? edAmefwkdYonf emrfw&m;jzpfygonf/ tESpf om&tm;jzifh trSewu,fr&SbJ tac:ta0: f d rQomjzpf a om trnf e mr[l o rQ wk d Y u k d r l ]]orkwdopm}} [k ac:qkdMuygonf/ ynwf [lvnf;ac:ygonf/ odrI [laom odjcif;w&m;ukd jrwfpGm bk&m;&Siu ok;H yki;f cGjJ cm;awmfrcygonf/ onm f d l hJ ukd omee- rSwfkHrQodjcif;/ 0dnmOf(0dnmP) ukd 0dZmee- onmxufxl;jcm;aomodjcif;/ ynmukd yZmee- ykdif;jcm;a0zeftrSefukd odjcif; [k todw&m;ukd cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmvsuf a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygonf/ odr[onhf 0dnmPfonf [',0wK I l ac: ESvkH;om;wnfygonf/ ESvkH;om;ukd ,l j cif ; r[k w f y g/ ES v k H ; om;twG i f ; &S d tMunf " mwf u av;jzpf y gonf / vuf w pf ckyfpmrQaom ESvkH;aoG;&Sdonfh [',0wK pdwf? apwodufwkdY wnfrSDaMumif;? raem"mwf? raem0d n mP"mwf wnf r S D a eaMumif ; od & ygonf / ok d Y o d & jcif ; rS m jrwf A k ' \ aus;Zl ; awmf j zpf \ / ,ck a cwf ES v k H ; om; tpm;xk d ; uk o rI c H , l j cif ; ? ES v k H ; cG J p d w f u k o jcif;rsm; jyKvkyfaepOftwGif; tqkdygESvkH;aoG; rSm ykHrSefvnfhywfoGm;vmrIjzpfay:aeap&ef zefwD;xm;ojzifh pdwf? apwoduf wnfrSD&m [',0wK (kyf) ysufpD;roGm;jcif;jzpfonf [l ,lqEkdifygonf/ Ak'w&m;awmfrSm 31 bkHwGif bkHb0 aygif; rnfrQ[l tuefYtowf&Sdygonf/ okdYaomf oHo&mvnf&mtwkdt&Snf? ta& twGuf? tuefYtowfr&SdEkdifaMumif; od&yg onf / xk d o k d Y o abm&S d a om oH o &muk d Ak ' j rwf p G m u oH o &mud k w d k o G m ;atmif ? ta&twG u f t uef Y t owf r J h o G m ;atmif edAmefa&mufaMumif;tusifhw&m;u pG r f ; aqmif E d k i f a Mumif ; a[mMum;cJ h y gonf / xd k w &m;rS m oD v r* i f ? orm"d r * i f ? ynmr*ifwdkYjzpfaMumif; oDvr*if qdkonfrSm (or m 0gpm? or m ur E ? or m tmZD 0 ) r*ifwdkYjzpfNyD; ,if;r*ifoHk;yg;jzifh 0dwdur udavom (um,uH? 0pDuH aomif;use;f rIrsm;) Nidrf;vQif t"doDvodumjzpf oDv0dok'd jzpfygonf/tm'duvsmP (tp\aumif;jcif;) jzpfonf/ orm"dr*if (orm0g,r? ormowd? or m orm"d ) jzif h y&d , k | meud a vom (raemuH q l y G u f r I r sm;) Nid r f ; vQif t"d p d w odumjzpf pdw0o'(orx \txGwtxdy) d k d f f jzpf y gonf / raZuvsmP (tv,f \ aumif;jcif;) jzpfonf/ ynmr*if (orm'd|d? ormouFy) r*ifwdkYjzpfNyD;,if;r*ifESpfyg;jzifh tEko, udavom (tm,we 12 yg;ESifh cEmaygif;qkH rIaMumifh jzpf&aom aygufzGm;rIudavomrsm;) Nidrf;vQif t"dynmodumjzpf ('d|d0dok'd? ucFg 0dw&P 0dok'd? r*gr*P'e 0dok'd? y#dy'gP 'e 0dok'd? P'e 0dok'd) 0d o k ' d i g;yg; jzpf y gonf / y&d a ,mome uvsmP (tqk H ; \ aumif ; jcif ; ) jzpf 0d y em\txG w f t xd y f (ed A m ef c srf ; om) od k Y a &muf y gonf / uJ h o d k Y o d & S d &jcif ; rS m jrwfAk'\ *kPfaus;Zl;aMumifh jzpfay onf/ Ak'jrwfpGm\ w&m;awmfwkdY onf tp? tv,f? tqkH; aumif;jcif;okH;yg;ESifh jynhfpkHNyD;vQif w&m;awmfukd em,l&jcif;? em,l cJhonfhtwkdif;usifh&jcif;? usifhonhftwkdif; tusKd;&&Sdjcif; wnf;[laom aumif;jcif;okH;jzm ES i f h j ynh f p k H j cif ; jzpf y gonf / ,Of a us;rI o nf vlYtESpfjzpf\/ jrefrmwkdYonf Ak'omoem0if rsm;jzpf M uonf E S i f h t nD Ak ' b k & m;&S i f \tqk H ; tr uk d cH , l v suf vl Y u sif h 0 wf u k d vdkufemusifhokH;jcif; jzifh ,Ofaus;rIwGifvnf; xd y f w ef ; usaomvl r sKd ; [l *k P f , l E k d i f c J h Muygonf/ Ak'bk&m;&Sifonf avmukw&ma&; omru avmuDa&;wGifvnf; vlYusifh0wf? vltcsif;csif;aygif;oif;qufqHa&; qkdif&m ok H ; q,f h & S p f j zmr*F v mES i f h od * F g avm0g' okwtjyif okZmwmowkorD;tm; r,m;tjym; f Yd ckepfyg;\taMumif;rsm;ukd a[mMum;qk;H rawmf rlcJhaMumif; txift&Sm;&Sdygonf/ tcsKyftm;jzifh jrwfAk'\*kPfaus;Zl; wkdYukd azmfTef;&vQif jrwfpGmbk&m; oufawmf xif & S m ;&S d p Of r S ,aeY t xd aomwmyef ? ou'g*grf tem*grf? yk*Kdvfrsm;? r*fPf zkdvfPf&olrsm; rsm;pGm&Sdygrnf/ jrwfpGm bk&m;&Si\ aus;Zl;w&m;rSm ay;qyfukernf f f r[kwfyg/ rsufarSmufacwf oD&d"rmaomu rif;BuD;\ b0jzpfpOfukd om"uwifjycsif ygonf/ oD&d"rm aomurif;BuD;ukd,fwkdif a&;xkd;cJhaom ausmuf pmwkdifrsm;? ausmufpm *lrsm;wGif if;tm; ki;f pki;f &mrS ,Ofaus;vm&ef? d d rmausmcufxef&mrS aysmhaysmif; nifomvm &ef ? aumuf a uG U &mrS ajzmif h p if ; vm&ef pmrsuf E S m 30 ok d Y

rS e f a omop m w&m;onf od o if h od x k d u f a omt&mjzpf y gonf / trS e f w &m; [lonfrSm okdYjzpf\/ tMuifw&m;onf tvkH;pkHaom tcgumvywfvkH; xif&Sm;&Sd\/ oabmtm;jzifh rSefuef\/ azmufjyefavhr&Sd/ tjcif;t&mwpfyg;rS tjcm;wpfyg;okYd ajymif;vJ vnf;roGm;/ w&m;rsKd;onf (opm) trSef w&m;jzpf\/ Ak'jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif a[mMum;awmf rlaom opmw&m;rSm av;yg;&Sdonf/ 1/ 'kuopm (avmuD p d w f - 81? avmbMuOf a om apwoduf - 51? kyf-28) 2/ ork',opm (avmbapwoduf) 3/ eda&m"opm (edAmef) 4/ r*opm (r*if&Spfyg;) wkdYjzpfygonf/ tod c uf ? tajymcuf a om w&m;av;yg;wG i f op m av;yg;w&m; yg&Sd\/ opmav;yg;? ow0gwkdYtaMumif; w&m;? ow 0 gwk d Y y#d o aE w &m;ES i f h taMumif ; tusKd ; y#d p o rk y g 'f w&m;wk d Y onf tod c uf c J e uf e J od r f a rG U vS a om aMumifh ykxkZOfPfjzifh ESHYpyfwdusatmif rodEkdif/ jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfrlonfh w&m;twkdif;om odMu&ygonf/ wenf;qkd& vQif jrwfAk'\*kPfaus;Zl;jzifhomvQif od&SdEdkif Mujci;fjzpfygonf/ pdwf? apwoduf? kyf? edAmef [lonfh opmav;yg;? y&rwfw&m; (y&rw opm) wkdYrSmvnf; tvGefeufeJvSaomaMumifh twum0p&w&m;[k jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum; awmfrlygonf/ twum0p&w&m;qkdonfrSm tawG;? tBuHrQjzifh rusufpm;? rouf0if? rod Ed k i f a omw&m;? awG ; qPf \ usuf p m;&m r[kwfaomw&m;[k qkdvkdygonf/ Ak'jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu ]]oaA"rm tewm}} tvkH;pkHaomw&m;oabmwkdYonf tew j zpf M uuk e f \ [k a[mMum;awmf r l y g onf/ twr&Sd? 0dnmOfvdyfjymaumif[lr&Sd/ jzpf j cif ; ? ysuf j cif ; obm0 (ocF g &w&m;) omvQif&Sdonf [kMo0g'jyKygonf/ trSef&Sd onfrSm ]]kyfESifhemrf}} jzpfygonf/ ]]emr ly "w d op a wm}} ur m avmuBuD ; op m w&m;taejzif h trS e f &S d o nf u m; kyfw&m;ESifhemrfw&m;[k jrwfpGm bk&m;a[m awmfrlygonf/ kyfw&m;ESifh emrf w&m;wkdYukd y&rwtaejzifh cGJjcm;vQif pdwf? apwoduf?

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ol w pf b uf o m;? rsuf r mef y G m ;aomf ? w&m;ruG m ? apmif h x d e f ; umjzif h ? arw m ES v k H ; ? uk d , f u ok H ; vQif ? tI H ; b,f r S m &S d c sd r f h e nf ; / (wdyd#u"& rif;uGef;q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;) owavmuBuD;wpfckvkH; xm0pOf Nidrf;csrf;a&;urmBuD;tjzpfodkY a&muf&Sd&efrSm ow0gtm;vkH;wkdY wpfOD;tay:wpfOD; arwm w&m; yGm;rsm;EkdifMu&rnfjzpfonf/ wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD; arwmpdwfrxm;Ekdifygu avmuBuD;rSm vnf; b,faomtcgrS Nidrf;csrf;Ekdifvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ urmhorkdif;aMumif;ukdMunhfvQif vllom;wdkYonf wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;? wpfrsKd;EG,fESifh wpfrsKd;EG,f? wpfEkdifiHESifhwpfEkdifiH tjyeftvSef wkucuowfjzwfjcif;[laom ppfrufjzpfym;rI d f dk f G aMumif h ow 0 gwk d Y o nf ppf a b;ppf ' Pf u k d tvl; tvJcHpm;&if; aoaMuysufpD;Mu&onf/ yxrurmppf? 'kw,urmppf [laom ppfr;D vQH d atmuf0,f ow0gwkdY ra&rwGufEkdifavmuf atmif trsm;tjym;aoaMuMu&onf / tcsd K UrS m raoaomf v nf ; ppf a b;ppf ' Pf aMumifh vlpifrrDawmhaomb0? tdrfrJh&mrJh ckdudk ;&mrJhb0ESifh ppf\ted|mkHrsm;aMumifh aoG;ysuf l;oGyfoGm;jcif;paom qif;&J'ku

trsKd;rsKd;ukd awGUBuKHcHpm; cJhMu&ukef\/ xkduJhokdYjzpfvm&jcif; taMumif;&if; ukd awG;ppfMunhvQif avmuom;wk\oEmef f Yd avmbrD;? a'gorD;? arm[rD;wkdY w[kef;[kef; awmufavmufaeMuaomaMumifh (0g) arwm w&m;qdwoO;f aejcif;aMumifom jzpfayonf/ f k h tu,fom vlom;wkdif;\ESvkH;om;rsm;wGif tMuifemarwmw&m; ukd,fpDxm;EkdifMuygrl xkduJhokdYaom tjzpfqkd;rsKd;ESifh BuKHawGUMu&vdrfh rnfr[kwyg/ odaomf vlom;wki;f arwmw&m; f Yk d acgif ; yg;aeonf r sKd ; awmh r[k w f y gacs/ a&S;ya0PD ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmuyif arwmw&m; vufukdifxm;EkdifolawGvnf; trsm;tjym;yif &SdaecJh ygonf/ xkdYaMumifhvnf; tpGrf;tp BuD;rm;olwkdYu urmhNidrf;csrf;a&;twGuf (0g) ppfruf rjzpfyGm;a&;twGuf raerem; BudK;pm; aqmif&GufcJhMujcif;aMumifh ppfajyNidrf;oGm; cJh&onfrsm;vnf; &Sdayonf/ pifppftm;jzifh wpfzufESihfwpfzuf ppfrufjzpfyGm;&jcif;rSm wpf z uf u vnf ; tEk d i f , l v d k p d w f ? Ak d v f u s pk d ; rk d ; vk d p d w f E S i f h usL;ausmf a pmf u m;onf / wpf z uf u vnf ; tEk d i f r cH tI H l ; ray;vk d aompdwf"mwfjzifh wkefYjyefMujcif;yifjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh ]]olu yg;kdufvQif ukd,fu em;uk d u f r nf } } [l a om oabmrsKd ; yif /

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfaponf/

37

cg;wrm rvkd ysm;oumvkd csKd

[d e f ; rif ; xuf (pd e f u ef Y v ef Y ) Am&mPoDjynf jA['wfrif;ukd tEkif d & ]]'"d0g[e}} onf rif;tjzpfoYkd a&muf&vm dS onf/ oGefcsrukefEkdifaom ]]EkdY"rf;tkd;}} ukd pkd;ykdifoljzpfaomaMumifh ]]'"d0g[e}} rif;[k trnfwGifjcif;jzpfonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg jrpfxJarsmvm aom xl;qef;onhf o&ufoD;rSnfhwpfvkH;ukd &&Soonf ]]'"d0g[e}} rif;tm; qufoonf/ d l t&omtvGefcsKdNrdefaomaMumifh ]]o&ufaph}} ukd O,smOfawmftwGif; pkdufysKd;aponf/ okH;av; ESpfom;t&G,fokdYa&mufaomtcg xkdo&ufyifrS toD;rsm;oD;vmMuonf/ xkd o&ufoD;\ csKdNrdefaomt&omukdodaom wkdif;jcm;rif;wpfyg;u ol\O,smOfrSL;tm; ac: '"d0g[erif; \O,smOfawmftwGif;&Sd o&ufyifcsKdukdzsufqD; &efwm0efay;vkduf onf/ xkO,smOfrLS ;onf ]]'"d0g[erif;}} xH d cpm;0ifa&mufNyD; ol\pGrf;&nfwkdYukd avQmuf xm;onf/rif;uESpouf trIxrf;cGi&onf/ f hf xkoonf rEmefwefc;dk jzifh tcg&moDr[kwbJ d l f yef;rsm;ukyiaponf/ toD;rsm;uko;D aponf/ d G hf d rif;u tvGeEpoufaomaMumifh rlvO,smOf f S f rSL;ukd z,f&Sm;apNyD; xkdolukd O,smOfrSL;tjzpf cefYxm;vkdufonf/ wki;f jcm;rif;u apvTwcaom xkol d f hJ d onf o&ufcsKdyiftm;zsufqD;&ef tcGifhta&; &&Som;onf/ okaMumifh O,smOfrLS ;topfonf d G Yd o&uf c sKd y if t m; 0ef ; &H v suf ]]wrm? acG;awmuf}} [laom cg;aponfhtyifrsm;ukd pkuysK;d xm;vkuonf/ o&ufcsKyifro&ufo;D d f d f d S rsm;onf ,cifuuJhodkY rcsKdNrdefawmhbJ wrm? acG;awmuf uJhodkY]]cg;}} aomt&omjzpfoGm; awmhonf/ rif;BuD;onf o&ufcsKdyifrS o&uf oD;rsm; ]]cg;}} &onhftaMumif;ukd ynm&Sd trwfwkdYtm; ar;jref;aqG;aEG;onf/ ]]wrm? acG;awmufyifwkdYESifheD;uyf pGma&m,SuaeaomaMumifh o&ufo;D rsm; cg;& f jcif;jzpfaMumif;? xkdtyifrsm;ukd y,fowf&Sif; vif ; NyD ; ajraumif ; ajroef Y a jrMoZmrsm; auR;jcif;? EkdY&nf? oum&nfrsm;? eHYom&nf rsm;jzifh o&ufyiftm; oGef;avmif; yufjzef; ay;ygu ,cifuJhokdY o&uf oD;rsm; csKdNrdefvm rnfjzpfaMumif;}} ynm&SdtrwfwdkYu tBuHjyK avQmufxm;onf/ trwf w k d Y t BuH j yKonf h t wk d i f ; pD r H aqmif&Gufay;vkduf&m rMumrD o&ufyifrS o&ufo;D rsm;onf ,cifenf;wl jyefcsKNd revm d f awmhonf/ xktaMumif;t&mwkrm edygwfawmf d Yd S vm ig;&mhig;q,fZmwf0wKrS ]]'"d0g[e}} Zmwf tusOf;csKyfyifjzpfyg\/ ]]bm&'G g Z}} trnf & S d a om yk P m ; wpfa,muftm; azmfjycJhaom o&ufcsKdyifESifh ckdif;EIdif;OyrmjyKvkdygonf/ ]]bm&'GgZ}} ykPm; onf jrwfA'tm; qefusiaeaom twkutcH k Y f d f *kdPf;q&mBuD;rsm;\wynhft&if;wpfa,muf jzpfonf/ wrmyif? acG;awmufyifwEihf yrmwl Ydk S aom *kdPf;q&mBuD;wkdY\ oGefoifa[majymrI wk d Y u k d ,k H M unf v uf c H a eol j zpf a omaMumif h o&ufcsKyifEiyrmwlonfh ]]bm&'GgZ}} ykPm;\ d S hf rlvADZrSm cg;oD;Murf;wrf; ae&ayawmhonf/ jrwfAk'onf a0VK0efausmif;awmf arGUavsmfoDwif;okH;aepOf wpfaeYaomtcg ]bm&'GgZ} ykPm;onf jrwfpmbk&m;xH a&muf&dS G vmonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; t,l0g'ESifhqkdif aompum;wkdYjzifh trsKd;rsKd;ykwfcwfpGyfpGJonf/ Murf;wrf;pGm qJa&;Ncdrf;ajcmufonf/ jrwfAk' url rnfokdYrQjyefvnfrdefYMum;jci;frjyKao;bJ wnfNidrfat;aq;pGm aeawmfrlonf/ ]bm&'GgZ} ykPm;\tjyKtrlwkdYonf raumif ; aomapwemyg&S d a eaomaMumif h ]]zko0gpm (Harsh Speeech) raumif;rIuH ajrmuf a eonf / ]zk o 0gpm} raumif ; rI u H usL;vGefolonf (1) i&J? wd&pmef? NydwmbkHjzpf&jcif;/

[laom qk;d usK;d rsm;ukd rvGraoGcpm;&ayrnf/ J H ]bm&'GgZ} ykPm;\ Murf;wrf;pGm qJa&;ajymqkdrIrsm;ukd jrwfpGmbk&m;u wkYHjyefrI rjyK qdwfqdwfaevkdufygrl ]bm&'GgZ} ykPm; onf azmfjycJhaom zko0gpmajymqkdrIwkdY\ qkd;usKd;rsm;cHpm;&rnfrSm trSefyif/ ok&mwGif jrwfpmbk&m;onf ow0g Yd G tm;vkH;tay: ukPmxm;&SdawmfrlonfESifh tnD bm&'GgZykPm;tay: arwma&S;Ivsuf ykPm;\qJa&;Ncr;f ajcmuf pGypywcwfrpum; d f JG k f I rsm; &yfoGm;aomtcg wnfNidrfat;aq;aom toHawmfjzifh ar;jref;vkdufavonf/ ]]ykPm; oif\aqGrsK;d rdwo*F[rsm; f onf oifhtdrfodkYa&mufvmzl;Muovm;}} ]]vma&mufwwfygw,f}} ykPm;u jyefvnfajzMum;onf/ ]]xkdokdYvma&mufolrsm;teuf tcsKdU onf oif h t wG u f vuf a qmif y p n f ; rsm; ,laqmifvmcJhMuzl;ygovm;}} ]],laqmifvmcJhzl;ygw,f}} ]]aumif;NyD ykPm; xkdvufaqmif (being reborn in realms of continuous ypnf;awGukd oifvufcHvdkufvQif rnfolYxH suffering or as an animal or as an ever- a&mufoGm;Muygoenf;}} hungry being;) ]]&SifBuD;a*gwr uREkfyfvufcHrSawmh (2) vltrsm;\rkef;wD;rIukd cH&jcif;/ uREkfyfyJ&&Sdawmhwmaygh}} (being hated by many;) ]]ykPm; oifu vufcH,ljcif;rjyKbJ (3) rdrdpdwfukd rMunfvifapjcif;/ vma&muf a y;ol x H j yef v nf a y;vk d u f y gu (not having any peace of mind;) xkdypnf;rsm;onf rnfolYxHa&muf&SdoGm;yg (4) tuJh&JUcH&jcif;/ oenf;}} being reprehended ]]uREkfyf vufrcHbJ jyefay;vkdufjcif; (5) toHMurf;wrf;ysufpD;jcif;/ jzpfvkdY uREkfyfxHykdYolrsm;qDokdYom vufaqmif pmrsuf E S m 38 ok d Y (having a harsh, unpleasant voice.)

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

38

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

jcaoFha&NcHKjrnf;jzpfykH
aZmfaemif

a'oemudk a[mMum;aom igbk&m;um; [kdpOftcgu ynm&Sdv,form;wpfOD;[l Zmwfaygif;awmfrlygonf/ usrf ; ud k ; oD [ pr Z mwf ig;&mig;q,f Z mwf e d y gwf (anmif u ef q &mawmf ) aZmf a emif

a&S;oa&mtcg jynfAm&m? jA['wfrif; rif;jyKcg/ Ak'avmif;vsm xdkpOfu? v,form;b0/ tJ'DumvwpfcsdefrSm? ukefonfwpfa,mufa&mufvm/ ukefawGcsumNyD;NyDavm? wifay;vkdufygbdoaum? jcaoFha&vQif jrnf;&JUausm/ oabm,kwfvS ukefonf[m? olY&JUjrnf;udk vTwfvkduf&m/ v,fuGif;xJrSm avQmufumpm; [dk[dkonfonf vrf;ovm;? tyiftdkudk eif;vdkYoGm;/ v,form;wdkY awGUavvQif xdkjrnf;ukdyif jcaoFhxif/ tem;yif ruyf&J? ta0;uyif&SJ/ onfvdkeJYyJ wpfaeYcg? olY&JUjrnf;udk vTwfvdkuf&m/ [dkoGm;'Dvm v,fuGif;xJ ckefayguftwihf&J/ onfwpfyGJawmh rcHom? v,f&SifqDudk oGm;wdkifyg/ &&mvufeuf olwdkYqGJ jyefvm v,fuGif;xJ/ wkwf cJ ypfcwf vlxkvQif? nmoHay;NyD; v,fxJ0if/ onftcgwGif dkufESufMu xdkjrnf;udk qHk;r/ aMumufvGef;vS xdwfvefYaomf? jrnf;toHESifh jrnf;vdkatmf/ tvdrfay: xdkjrnf;um;? jcaoFha&udk olNcHKxm;/ rsufrmefyGm;wJh &Gmom;awG?

pmrsuf E S m 37 rS ypnf;rsm; jyefvnfa&muf&SdoGm;ygw,f}} ]]aumif;NyyPm; oifpum;ukrarhyg D k h d avESifh tckoifu ightm; Ncdrf;ajcmufqJqkd pGypywcwfrtm;vk;H ukd igbk&m; vk;H 0vufrcH}} f JG k f I a'gocsKyfwD;r&ay/ ]]jrwfAk'\Oyrmpum;&yfwkdYukd Mum; taotaMu0di;f 0ef;ESu?f k vkduf&aom ykPm;onf oabmaygufauseyf xdkjrnf;aemufqHk; toufxGuf/ oGm;onf/ jrwfAk'\arwma&SUxm; rdefYMum; twd w f \ yH k & d y f csufwkdYukd 0rf;omMunfEl;rItjynhfjzifh,ck oD [ pr r nf a omZmwf u d k ]]uREk f y f r S m ;rd y gw,f awmif ; yef jrwfpmbk&m;&Sif aZw0efausmif;awmf oDwif; uefawmhygw,f cGifhvTwfawmfrlyg ,aeYrSpNyD; G oHk;pOf? aumumvdurax&fudk taMumif; t&Sifa*gwr&JUwynhftjzpf cH,lygw,f}} [l jyKvsuf a[mawmfrljcif;jzpfygonf/ ajymqkdvkdufavonf/ a&S;oa&mtcgu Am&mPoDjynfwif (o*gx0*oH,kwfygVdawmf? taumookwf) G jA['wfrif; rif;jyK\/ xdtcg bk&m;tavmif; k bm&'GgZykPm;onf jrwfpGmbk&m; onf v,form;wpfa,mufjzpf\/ wpfaeY tay: 0pDujH zifh usL;vGejf ypfrm;ajymqkrrsm;ukd S d I aomtcg if;wdt&yfoYkd ukeonfwpfa,muf awmif;yefuefawmh (crmye) vkdufjcif;yif Yk f a&muf&vm\/ xdueonfonf jrnf;ay:wGif jzpfygawmhonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;\ rGefjrwfaom dS k k f wifvmaom ukefrsm;udkcsNyD;ygu xdkjrnf;\ w&m;ESifhyrmwlaom ajraumif;ajroefYrsm; ausmuke;f ay:odYk jcaoFa&wpfcuvr;f ay;um auR;arG;rI? EkdY&nf? oum&nf? eHYom&nfwkdYjzifh h k kd T teD;&Sd v,fui;f rsm;qDoYkd armif;xkwvuonf/ oGef;avmif;yufjzef;rIwkdYaMumifh cg;aeaom G f dk f xdtcg&Gmom;rsm;u if;wd\tcif;rsm; ysup;D o&ufoD;ESifhyrmwlonfh ]bm&'GgZ} ykPm; k Yk f rnfpdk;? if;udkarmif;xkwf&efvdkufaomfvnf; [laom o&ufyifonf csKNd reaomtoD;rsm;ukd d f jcaoFhta&NcHKxm;aomjrnf;udk wu,hfjcaoFh jyefvnfoD;yGifhvmygawmhonf/ jrwfpGmbk&m; [k rSwf,l aMumuf&GHUxGufajy;Muavonf/ &Sif\ukPm arwmwkdYaMumifh zko0gpm odkYjzpfvmzefrsm;aomtcg v,form;wdkY raumif;rIuHvnf;rqkdufawmh? vGwfajrmuf onf if;wdkY\v,f&SifolaX;tm; taMumif;pHk uif;pifom;&avonf/ vdrm,Ofaus; odrarGU G f udk ajymjywdkifwef;Muonf/ ,ckwpfcgawmh olwpfOD;jzpfoGm;awmhonf/ v,form;wdkYonf t&ifuxufrsm;aom vlpk ]]taumpdrH t0"drH? vla0;udk? wkwf? "m;? vufeuftpHktvifjzihf tZdedrH t[modar? v,fxJ0ifvmaomjrnf;udk 0dkif;0ef; vkdufMu a,p wHEkye,SEd? &m? jrnf;rSm aMumufvGef;onfjzpf&um;? jrnf; aw&Hawoly orwd/ wdkY\toHjzihf atmf[pfavonf/ xdktcgusrS ]]ol o nf igh u k d q J a &;zl ; \? &Gmom;wdkYonf xdkjrnf;rSm ]]jcaoFha&NcHKxm; owfykwfnif;qJzl;\/ tEkdif,lcJhzl;\/ ighOpm aom jrnf;}} [k od&um? tvGetvGeyif a'go ukd ckd;,lzl;\}} [l &efNidK;zGJUrxm;olonf dS Yf f xGuf 0dkif;0ef;NyD; dkufESufqHk;ronfjzpf rD;qDcef;ajcmuf? qDrD;awmufuJhokdY Nidrf;aysmuf xdkjrnf; aoqHk;oGm;avonf/ uif;&Si;f av\ [l "ry' ]]wdaw&}} 0wK Zmwfaygif;vQi- ,cka'0'wfrm [dpOfu jrnf; wGif jrwfpGmbk&m;ocifonf ukPma&SUxm; f S k ydkif&SnfukefonfjzpfcJhNyD;? ,ck ]]aumumvdu}} arwmtm;jzifh a[mMum;awmfrlcJhygownf;/ rax&fonf [dktcgu jrnf;jzpfcJhzl;um? ,ck [d e f ; rif ; xuf (pd e f u ef Y v ef Y )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

39

2 ]]avmuNir;f csr;f rIEihf om,mpnfyifzNYGH zKd ;wk;d wufr&&Sap&ef}} Ak' "rw&m;xGe;f um;a&;? avmuygvw&m;ukd avmuom;tm;vk;H d S I d
ESvkH;oGif;vufcHusifhokH;EkdifMuapa&; vkdtyfygrnf/ 2 pmrsuEmae&mwGi?f q&mBu;D OD;a&Tatmif\ ]]Ak'avmuom;wk\ tEIi;f rJaus;Zl;&Sif (uk,usiA'0if)}}rS yg&rDawmfrsm;ukd f S Yd d h d f hf k jznfhusifhawmfrljcif;}} tykdif;\ tESpfxJrS tESpftpktcsKdUukd zwfrSwfvG,fulusifhokH;Ekdifap&ef a&G;xkwfazmfjyjcif;jzpfygonf/ t,f'DwmtzJGY

rZdry#dy'gt& vkyfaomvkyfief; aqmif&Guf&rnfh PfoHk;rsKd;

rnfonfhvkyfief;udkvkyfvkyf rZdry#dy'g t&vkyfrnf qk d y gvQif ,if ; vk y f i ef ; ES i h f y wf o uf trS e f t wd k i f ; od z k d Y ],xmblwPf}vdk\/ pdwfvdkuf rmefygvkyfjcif; tjypfudkodzdkY ]edAd'gPf}vkd\/ tjypfukdodvQif pdwfvdkufrmefygvkyfvdkuf&rS auseyfonfh Ofqkd;udkpGeYfvTwfzdkY ]0d&m*Pf} onf 0ifvm rnfjzpf\/ Pf o H k ; rsKd ; jzih f aqmif & G u f & aom vk y f i ef ; rS o m rZdry#dy'gt& vkyfaomvkyfief;rnf\/ rsm;vnf ; yg\/ obm0awmawmif a &ajrES i f h wd & p m ef r sm; vnf;yg\/ w&m;"rESifh dk;&m,Ofaus;rIvnf;yg\/ bk&m;&SifESifh ewfa'0grsm;vnf; yg\/ ig;rsKd ; ud k NcH K avmu[l ac:qd k & \/ avmu aMumifhom b0onf jzpfay: wnfwHh&jcif;jzpf\/ xdkYaMumihf avmuudk b0\aus;Zl;&Sif[k ac:qdk&jcif;jzpf\/ odkYjzpfav&m b0\aus;Zl;&Sifrsm;udk jyefvnf aus;Zl; qyfjcif;onfomvQif b0\ yef;wdkifjzpf\/

ed A m ef
b0wnf&aepOfumvtwGi;f b0aus;Zl; &Sif avmuudk Sd jyef v nf aus;Zl ; qyf j cif ; onf taMumif ; aumif ; atmif tm;xkwfjcif;jzpf\/ odom tm;xkwygu b0onf twnf Yk f aumif ; \/ twnf a umif ; vQif tysuf a umif ; \/ tysuf aumif;vQif aemufwpfzef tjzpfaumif;\/ ]tysuf}onfvnf; ]tjzpf}tm; aMumif;usKd;ed,mrt& aus;Zl;jyK onfyifjzpf\/ arG;jcif;rS aojcif;txd umvtydi;f tjcm;onf b0\pcef;wpfcrS k k wpfckodkYom jzpf\/ oHo&mc&D;udkavQmufae&aom b0\ tqHk;r[kwf/ b0\rdkifwdkifomjzpf\? yef;wdkifr[kwf/ yef;wdkif [lonf ywf0ef;usifavmuESifh qufqH&mwGif rd r d w d k Y \ oE m ef jzpf a y:wwf a om ]igomvQif } [l a om wpfu,aumif;tjrifukd jrpfjywfy,fowf Ediryif jzpf\/ ,if;udk kd f k f I ygVda0g[m&jzifh ]edAmef}[l qdk&\/

onf;cHjcif;ESpfrsKd;

onf ; cH j cif ; [l o nf EH k Y a oma'gojzih f onf ; cH o nf vnf;&dS\/ ta'gojzihf onf;cHonfvnf;&dS\/ EHaoma'gojzifh onf;cHjcif;udk aMumuf onf;cHjcif;[l Yk qd&\/ aMumuf onf;cHjcif;wGif tmCmwonf tjrpfw,vsuf k G f &d S \ / wpf c k a omaeY w G i f tjrpf w G , f a eaom tmCmwrS xuf a oma'goonf j zpf x G e f ; vmEd k i f \ / xuf a oma'go jzpfxGef;vmvQif vufpm;acsjcif;onf rvTJom ra&Smifom jzpf a y:vmrnf j zpf \ / xd k t cg apmf u m;rI oH o &monf vnf;aumif;? vufpm;acsrIoHo&monf vnf;aumif; vlorki;f Y d tawmrowf vnfywfaernfjzpf\/ ta'gojzihf onf;cHjcif;um; tmCmwudk y,fazsmufEif kd ojzihf trkef;oHo&mudk wdkapEkdif\/ b0udkvnf; te*&wem jzpfapEkdif\/ te*&wem jzpfjcif;[lonfrSm t&m&mwdkif; ]igavmu"H&Spfyg; igYOpm}[l odrf;ydkufwwfaom wpfudk,faumif;tjrifudk y,f avmu&dS"r[lorQudk tkyfpkzGJYvdkufvQif pkpkaygif;&SpfrsKd; owfEdkifjcif;jzpf\/ S S f k kd f trS e f t m;jzih f wpf u d k , f a umif ; tjrif uif ; avav om&d\/ ,if;udk ]avmu"H&pyg;} [lqd\/ vlrursm;onfvnf; b0onf wefzdk;jrifhavav jzpf\/ wefzdk;jrihfavav csrf;om avmu"H&Spfyg; ESifhyifawGYBuHK&\/ olawmfpifrsm;onfvnf; avmu"H & S p f y g;ES i f h y if awG Y & \/ t&d , mrsm;onf vnf ; avav jzpfjcif;um; "rwm/ avmu"H&Spfyg;ESifhyifawGY&\? BuHK&\/ awGYp&mBuHKp&mum; tm;vHk;twGuftwlwl/ avmu"H&Spfyg;omjzpf\? bmrQrxl;jcm;/ b0\yef ; wd k i f odkY&mwGif avmu"Hw&m;wdkif; wllESpfbufpD&dS\/ b0\yef;wdkifonf&dS\/ b0\yef;wdkif [lonfum; wpfbuf aomwllrSm ]igYusKd;- igYpD;yGm;} odkY OD;wnfaom t"r lS b0ukzefw;D ay;cJaom zefw;D &Sirsm;tm; jyefvnf aus;Zl;qyfjcif; [ljzpf? tjcm;wpfbufaomwlrm ]avmuusK;d - avmupD;yGm;}odYk d h f yifjzpf\/ b0\ zefwD;&Sifrsm;wGif rdbvnf;yg\? tjcm;vlom; OD;wnfaom "rwlljzpf\/

Thick-skinned- ta&xlw,f/ Thin-skinned- ta&yg;w,f/ Have a thick-skinned ta&xlw,fqdkwJh pum;[m rlvyk'f

udk wdkufdkuft"dyg,fzGihfqdkwJhpum;jzpfw,f/ 'gudk txl;0daooteuf aqmifwJh Idiomatic bmompum;pktjzpfzGihfqdkvkdufawmh t"dyg,fu wpfrsKd;oufa&mufoGm;w,f/

(IDM) You need a thick- skin to be politician.

apw,f/ ta& skin qdkwmu vlawG? wd&pmefawG&JU udk,fcEm tom; jyifay:rSm zH;k tkyvsu&whJ tvTmudac:wmjzpfw,f/ wduuteufu f f dS k k f kd f ta&jym;aygY/ 'gudk txl;0daooaqmifwJh pum;pkqdkwJh Oyrmpum; tvdkt& ajymawmh? ta&xlw,f? ta&yg;w,f? ta&NcHKw,fqdkwJh Idiom Oypmpum;vHk;awGxGufvmw,f/ ta&xl w ,f q d k w mu Thick- skinned pum;ES p f v H k ; wG J emr0dao oeyk'fudkajymwm/ pum;eufvdk]ta0zeftajymqdkcH&vGef; vdYk ta&xlaeNy}D ]olukd qufvufNy;D awmh a0zefajymqdaeMuvduawmh Y k Yk olb,fvdkrS wkefvIyfrSmr[kwfbl;? a'govJjzpfrSmr[kwfbl;? oluta& xlaeNy}D / 'Da0g[m&&JU qefusibuf pum;vH;k Opposit words tjzpfeYJ Y f qdk&if Thin-skin ta&yg;vdkYoHk;w,f/ wifpm;NyD;ajymMuqdkMuwJh Oypmpum;tvdkt&uawmh jrefrmhqdkdk;pum;rSm ]txdrcH a&Tyef;uef} jzpfw,f/ olwpfyg;u ajymwm? qdkwm? a0zefwm? tjypfwifwm? uJh&JU wmawGudk vHk;0cHEkdifa&r&SdwJh t"dyg,faqmifw,f/ tJ'qwfqwfxrcHEiwpwukd ausmvm;Eki&ifawmh avmu D d dk f hJ d f f T d f rSm tNrJ&SdaewJh ed,mroabmjzpfwJh avmu"Hw&m;rsm; Unchainging ways of the mundane world- lokadhammaeJY BuKH awGUMu&wJtcgrSm h rwkevywpw?f Unshaken mind [m jzpfay:vmygw,f/ 'gudk jrwfpm f I f hJ d G bk&m;u ]eurwpw} vdYk Tejf yawmfrw,f/ tJ'D qwfqwfxrcHEiwhJ d d l d dk f txdrcHa&Tyef;uefpwukd tNrrjywf qH;k rwwfMuzd&mtwGuvJ jrwfpm d f J Yk f G bk&m;u vrf;TefjyoqHk;rawmfrlygw,f/ tvGefYtvGefjrifEkdifcJwJh tvGeftifrwefrS odrfarGUwJh tvdk&Sd &m tmHkwdkYusa&mufarGYavsmfavh&SdwJh ]pdwf} udk apmihfa&Smuf&m\/ xdkuJhodkY tNrJrjywf apmihfa&Smufxm;tyfwJh ]pdwf} [m csrf;omudk aqmifEdkif\/ ]pdwH&auxar"m0D} vdkY Mo0g'ay;awmfrlygw,f/ tJ'vkd tqufrjywf owdMuyfMuyfxm;Ny;D apmiha&SmuftyfwhJ D f pdw[m ]avmu"Hw&m;&Spyg;} jzpfwhJ pdwturew&m;wdrS vGwajrmuf f f Yk f wJh pdwfudkjzpfapw,f/ avmu"Hw&m;qdkwmu avmurSmtNrJrajymif;rvJ &SdaewJh ed,mroabm avmu"rw&m;jzpfw,f/ vmb=yp tvmb= vmb nf;? Opm? vmbf&jcif;? tvmb ypnf;? Opm? vmbfr&jcif;/ ,o-tNcHt&Htausmftapm&Sdjcif;? t, t,=tNcHt&Htausmftapm ,o r&Sdjcif;/ m-csD edEm=uJh&JUjcif;? yoHom ;rGrf;jcif;/ okc-csrf;omjcif;/ 'ku-qif;&Jjcif;qdkwJh oabm(8)yg;&Sdygw,f/
Lokadhamma- unchanging ways of the mundance world. The inevitability of any of the following eight aspects occurring in life. Labha-being endowed with wealth. Alabha-not being endowed with wealth ie being destitute.

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THE MIND

Yd S Y f I f avmu"Hw&m;wkEihf BuKH awG&aomfvnf; rwkevyaompdwf

"r 0 D & -oE m a&;om;wif j yonf /

The mind that stands Unshaken

Oypm= rif;EkdifiHa&;orm;jzpfvmzdkYqdk&if ta&xlzdkYvdkw,f/ (IDM) Get under sb's skin. uRJNrD;wdkapw,f/

His eudless complaints are getting under my skin.

olY&JU rqHk;EkdifatmifpGyfpGJaewJh pum;awG[m usKyfudkuRJNrD;wdk

pmrsuf E S m 18 ok d Y