3.

03 Impression Evidence
10/25/11

Different types of finger prints

Arches- ridges enter on one side and exit on the other side. Loops- ridges on one side and exit on the same side. Whorls- consists of circles more than one loop, or a mixture of pattern types.

Different types of Minutiae

Fingerprints also have minutiae points, which are points where the ridge structure changes. These are used in matching a fingerprint to a specific person.

Different Techniques used to Develope latent prints

Latent prints impressions left by friction ridge skin on surface, such as a tool handle, glass, door, etc.

Prints may be collected by reveling them with a dusting a black powder and then lifted with a piece of clear tape. Some investigators use Fluorescent powder and UV light to help them find latest prints on multi colored or dark surfaces. Magnetic powder can be used to reviewed latent prints and works on shiny surfaces or plastic baggies or containers. Cyanoacrylate funning method (Super glue method) is a procedure that is used to develop fingerprints or variety of objects. Ninhydrin - is a chemical that bonds with the amino acids in fingerprints and will produce a blue or purple color.

AFS

Automated Fingerprint identifications System is a computerized system capable of reading, classifying, matching, and storing fingerprints for criminal justice agencies. It uses computer algorithms to make all minutia points, ores, and deltas on the print, which are used to find possible matches with finger prints in the database.

Other Three types of Impression Evidence

There are several different methods of collecting impression evidence 2-D impressions must be documented using photography finger print powder may also be used or this type of impression evidence. The impression can be photographed or lifted. A 3-D impression is photographed and casted using either dented stone or other substance to preserve the dimensioned characteristics of the print. Impression evidence is created when an object repairs another objects characteristics through direct contact. In order for an impression to be left behind and object must have enough force to leave an impression.

How Impression Evidence was used in a real case

A footwear impression was left at the crime scene and a casting was made. It showed prints were made by the three suspects.

Different Types of Fingerprints

Loop

Arch

Whorl