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vIiMf unfjzL"r0&pmaywkuf d D d zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufwwm;NrKd e,f? &efueNf rKd /YU H U k zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEav;) zke;f 02-39801

Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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]]vl}} wpfO;D wpfa,mufwif ]]vlU G b0}} qd k o nf o m t"d u jzpf a Mumif ; ? tjcm;aom&mxl;tmPm? t&dSeft0g? Opm wd k U onf xd k v l y k * d K vf t m;rS D jzpf w nf ay:aygufaMumif;? xdjk zpfwnfrukd rSeuefpm I f G razmfaqmif rwnfaqmufEdkifygu tvGef tjypfBuD;NyD; ]]vlU}} b0wpfck&vm&onfh tusKd;aus;Zl;ESifh wefzdk;rsm; ysufpD;rnf jzpf aMumif;? tukokdvfjzpfNyD; tyg,fi&Jvm; rnfrSm a&&maocsmaMumif;jzifh Ak' bk&m; oufawmf xif&m;&dpOfrmyif trSef wu,f S S S jzpfysufcJhaom tZmwowfESifh if;\q&m a'0'wfwdkU\ wpfb0 jzwfoef;yHkudkvnf; aumif;? rZdra'o xdkpOftcgu vlrkduf euwfESifh ,SOfaom umvwGif usif;yNrJ jzpfaom ]]AmveuwyGJ obif}} taMumif; od a umif ; p&mrsm;ud k vnf ; aumif ; ? aMumif;usKd;ESifhwuG olajymjyvdkufonf/ tcsd e f t awmf y if M umoG m ;onf / id k u f r sOf ; ol r &d S ? orf ; a0ol r&d S ? yuwd Munfvif0if;yaom? oefU&Si;f aom ]]bkpck}} k wdkU\ rsufESmwGif odvdkaom pdwf? em;vnf vdkaom tmoDowdkUvQHzdwf aeonfudk olowdjyKvdkufrdonf/ vli,foef;aygif;rsm;pGm\ pdwfESifh apwoduwUkd wGif aumif;rIjrwfE;dk aumif; f atmifBuKd ;pm;vdaomqEwUkd jy|mef;aeonf k qdkonfuawmh trSefyif/ ol\ZeD;ESifh OD;av;? ta':wdkU\ pum; 0dkif;onf t&dSef&aeqJwGif oljyef a&mufvmonf/ ol\ZeD;tm; tm;& yDwjd zifh olNyHK;jyvdkufonf/ ]]vlwdkif;vlwdkif; udk,fhudk,fukd apmifa&Smuf&rSmaygh? vlwpfO;D csi;f ud,usihf h k f odumjrifrm;Ny;D ud,u,udk apmifa&Smuf&if h k hf kd f h vltrsm;[m avmuygvw&m; xGef;um; atmif usifhoHk;&ma&mufwmaygh/ udk,fusifh odumjrifhrm;NyD; udk,fhukd,fukd apmifha&Smuf EdkifpGrf; olwdkif;[m avmuNidrf;csrf;atmif avmurSm t"rrIawG? tEdkifusifhrIawG rvTr;f rd;k atmif wm;qD;&m a&mufwmaygh}}[k ]]eDrm}} onfaqG;aEG;aeqJ/ wdkifuyfem&DtdkBuD;qDrS wpfcsuf csuf jrnfae&mrS a'gif? a'gif? a'gifjzifh toH 12 csufxGufvmygawmhonf/ Nidrf;csrf;OD;

FORE ARTICLES

"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/ a&mufaMumif;vrf;aMumif; trSew&m;) wdYk jzpf f onf/ qif;&JrItrSefw&m;wGif arG;zGm;jcif; vnf; 'kuopmjzpfonf/ tdkrif;&ifha&mfjcif;? aqG;ajrUjcif;vnf; trSefw&m;jzpfonf/ ylqm avmifNitema*g&mESypufzp;D jcif;vnf; trSef d d f d w&m;jzpfonf/ aoqHk;ysufpD;jcif;vnf; trSef w&m;jzpfonf/rke;f olrsm;ESifh aygif;oif;qufqH &jcif;vnf; trSefw&m;jzpfonf/ cspfolcifol rsm;ESihf uGJ&jcif;vnf; trSefw&m;jzpfonf/ uGJ &jcif;wGif aouGJ? &SifuGJESpfrsdK;&Sd&m touf&Sif aeygvsuf uGumcGcm&jcif;udk rvdvm;tyfay/ J G J G k aovQifuawmh vlwdkif;cGJMu&rnfom/ tvdk qErjynhf0jcif;vnf; trSefw&m;jzpfonf/ tpGOyg'gefaMumihf jzpfay:aeaomjzpfay:orQ J cEmtm;vH;k (ig;yg;) trSew&m;csn;f jzpfonf/ f 'kuopmcsnf;jzpfavonf/ vdkcsifrI avmbwPSmonf ork' opmjzpfonf/ qif;&J'kujzpfaMumif; trSef w&m;jzpfonf/ tMuifwPSmonf b0opfudk jzpfapwwf\/ b0wpfzef&&Sdapwwf\/ ESpf oufjcif;? pGJrufjcif;ESifhwuGjzpf\/ xdkxkdtmHk umr*kPfrsdK;pHkwdkYudk tvGefrufarmwwf\/ pGJvef;wwf\/ ,if;wPSmonf ig;jzmtmHumr*kPf k wdukd cHwrifrifcifwrsm;rsm; cHpm;csirI ]]umr Yk k f wPSm}}? rdr&&Sxm;aomb0udk wyfrufpvef;rI d d JG ]]b0wPSm}} ESifh b0jywfpJrI? qif;&JrcHvdkrIudk BudKufESpfoufaom ]]0db0wPSm}} [l oHk;rsdK; &Sonf/ wPSm[lu tb,fwPSmrQ raumif; d ay/ aumif;usdK;ay;rnfr[kwfacs/ qdk;usdK;'ku udkom ay;wwfavonf/ eda&m"opmonf edAmefjzpf\/ edAmefonf cEmZmwfor;f \? b0csKyf d Nidrf;\/ 'ku[lorQ at;csrf;\/ b0jzpfay:rI ork',wPSmr&Sawmh? avmb? a'go? arm[? d rme paom ud a vomawG r &S d a wmh a y/ aomu? y&da'0? 'ku? a'gre? Oyg,mo wnf;[laom pd;k &dryaqG;jcif;? ida<u;jcif;? ud,f f l k k qif;&Jjcif;? pdwfqif;&Jjcif;? jyif;xefpGmylyef& jcif;awG vHk;0rjzpfawmhay/ vdkcsifwyfrufrI wPSmrSeorQ vH;k 0csKyNf ir;f oGm;jcif;oabmjzpf f d onf/ aomwmywr*fup ou'g*grdr*f? d tem*grdr*f? t&[wr*fwiatmif udavom kd f w&m;awG oHa,mZOfw&m;pwmawGudk toD; oD; tqifhqihfy,fowfum r*frSwpfzef zdkvf pmrsuf E S m 11 ok d Y

t&Sdw&m;ESifh trSefw&m;(3)
b' E Z ed E o m& (o' r a Zmwd u "Z) ]]t&S d w &m;}} qd k w m k y f E S i f h e mrf ]]t&Sdw&m;}} ESifh ]]trSefw&m;}} [l &Sd&m t&Sdw&m;qdkwm cEmig;yg;jzpfaMumif; od&ayNy/ cEmig;yg;udk tusO;f csKyrwvQif kyf D f S f w&m;ESihfemrfw&m;omjzpfonf/ kyfw&m;[l onf jrifjriforQ udkifwG,f&orQ tpdkiftcJ kyfj'yf0wKypnf;rsm;jzpfonf/ rdrdwdkYcEmudk,f wGif yx0D? tmayg? awaZm? 0ga,m [laom r[mblwac: r[mbkwfav;yg;? wpfenf; "mwfBu;D av;yg;OD;pD;aomkyf (28) yg;jzpfonf/ oufrJhjzpfaom opfyif? awm? awmif? urmajr? vltoHk;taqmifypnf;wdkYwGifrl cGJjcm;r&Edkif aom t0deaAm*ac: kyf (8) rsKd ;aygif;0ifvsuf d &Sdonf/ ,if;kyf"mwf (8) rsdK;wdkYum; "mwfBuD; (4) yg;ESihf 0P (tqif;)? *E (teHY)? &o (t&om)? MoZm (tqDtap;"mwf) wdkYjzpfav onf/ emrf[lonfum; udkifwG,fqkyfzrf; r&EdkifpGrf;aom vsifjrefpGmajy;oGm;wwfaom tjzpf tysuf jrefaompdwfyifjzpfonf/ pdwf onf tukodkvfpdwf? ukodkvfpdwf? 0dygufpdwf? Bu,mpdwtm;jzihf (89) yg;jzpfonf/ ,if;onhf d f pdwf (89) yg;udk ]]pdwfwpfck,kwfudk;q,f}} (wpfck,kwfavsmhaomudk;q,f) [kac:onf/ ]pdwfwpfck? kyfudk;q,f} [k tzwfrSm;? trSwf rSm;? tajymrSm;? ta&;rSm;aeMuygonf/ owdjyK Muyg/ pdw[aomemrfonf tusO;f tm;jzihf f l (89) yg;&Sdaomfvnf; avmukw&m r*fpdwf? zdvpwf psmeft*FgyGm;rsm;ojzihf (121) yg;txd k f d &Sdonf/ tus,fyGm;aomf rsm;jym;aomfvnf; pdwfonf tmHkudkodwwfaom ]]tm&rP0dZm eme}}taetm;jzihum; wpfyg;om&Sonf/ ,if; f d odkY wpfyg;om&Sdaomfvnf; pdwfudkEdkifatmif xdef;csKyf&ef cJ,Of;vSayonf/ odaMumifyif Yk Ak'bk&m;&Sifu w&m;twdkqHk;udka[mMum; ay;yg[kqdkvmaom tEkykAu olaX;om; tm; ]]cspfom; pdwfwpfvHk;udkom Edkifatmif xd e f ; yg}}[k a[mMum;ay;awmf r l c J h z l ; av onf / ]]trS e f w &m;}} qd k w m op m av;yg; avmut&S d w &m;ES i f h y wf o uf odoihfoavmuf&SdayNyD/ ]trSefw&m;} udk qufMuygpdkY/ trSew&m;[lonfum; opmav;yg; f w&m;wnf;/ opmav;yg;trSefw&m;udk udk,f awmfwix;kd xGi;f odjrif&ef Ak'b&m;&Sionf kd f k f av;oacsFESihf urmwpfodef;wdkifatmif tcsdef ,lum &SmazGawmfrlcJh&onf/ opmav;yg; trSefw&m;odjrif&ef a&GUrQMumatmif yg&rDawmfawGjznhfusihf qnf;yl;? b0awGtoacsFteEajymif;vJum &SmBuHcJh&ygovm;[k tjrifwdrfwdrfav;ESihf rawG;apcsif/ ]]opmw&m; odzdkYrsm; cufvGef vGe;f vd}Yk } [k ayghayhguav;txifrao;vkuyg d f ESi/ fh jrwfAk'onf r[mou&mZf 103 ckESpf 0gqdkvjynfhaeYwGif b0aygif;rsm;pGm &if;ESD; &SmazGawmfrlcJh&aom avmutrSef w&m;? pMu0VmtrSew&m;? opmav;yg;w&m; f awmfjrwfukd xkwazmfa[mMum;awmfrcavonf/ f l hJ t&Sifaum@n? t&Sif0y? t&Sifr[memr? t&SifbEd,? t&SiftZd[k qdktyfaom y 0*ig;OD;wdEiwuG ewf? jA[mawG uka#rsm;pGm D Yk S fh wdkYudk a[mawmfrlcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ op m w&m;emMum;&ojzif h t&S i f aum@n a&S ; OD ; pG m aomwmyef j zpf o nf / t&Sifaum@nonf yka&m[dwfaA'ifq&m b0rSvmoljzpfNyD; PfynmxufoefHkrQru ol\a&S;ukovqawmif;aMumifvnf;jzpfonf/ kd f k h ol o nf jrwfAk'\ aemufqHk;ypdr om0u tjzpf uRwfwrf;0ifol okb'ESifhb0wpfck wG i f nD t pf u d k awmf p yf c J h o nf / tpf u d k jzpfol aum@n avmif;vsmonf ukodkvf jyKvQif tvsOf O D ; pG m jyKonf / ok b ' avmif;uawmh qkwfqdkif;qkwfqdkif; aemuf ydkif;csefvSLcJhonf/ ,if;ukodkvfuH tusdK; quf t usd K ;ay;aomtcgwG i f t&S i f aum@nu a&S ; OD ; pG m w&m;xl ; od j rif N yD ; ok b ' u aemuf q H k ; yd w f u Rwf w rf ; 0if o l jzpf c J h & avonf / op m w&m;od x m;zd k Y v d k o nf opmav;yg;onf t&Sw&m;jzpfonf/ d opmav;yg;rSm 1/ 'kuopm (qif;&JrI trSef w&m;)/ 2/ ork',opm (qif;&JjzpfaMumif; trSefw&m;)/ 3/ eda&m"opm (qif;&JcsKyfNidrf; &m trSefw&m;)/ 4/ r*opm (qif;&JcsKyf&modkY

FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smufonf/

Ak'*Dwdum
(kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;)
a*gCmwu yk w 0w K Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0wdjynf aZw0ef a usmif ; awmf aeawmf r l a omtcg om0wdjynfwGif EGm;owf toufarG;aom ol\ om;onf tazaocgeD; umv EGm;uJh odYk atmfvsuaMumufrufz,jf zpfonfujkd rif f G wuodkvfjynfodkYxGufajy;vsuf a&Tyef;xdrf twwfudk oifNyD;vQif om;r,m;arG; ae\/ xdka&Tyef;xdrfonf\om; orD;wdkYonf t&G,f od k Y a &muf a omtcg om0wd j ynf o d k Y v m aeavukef\/ o'gw&m;ESihfjynhfpHkMuukef\/ bk&m;trSL;&Saom oHCmudyih tdrif;rpGr;f &Sd d k f k aom tbudkac: w&m;emap\/ bk&m;&Sif onf tEkarm'emjyKaomtm;jzihf w&m;a[m jcif;iSm ]y@Kyvmaom 0'gedod} tp&Sdaom av;*gxmudka[mawmfrlonf/ y@Kyvmaom0 'gedod? ,ryk&domyd p aw Oy|dwm/ Oa,sm*rkac p wd|od? ygax,srd p awe 0dZmwd/ aom ua&mwd 'Dyrwaem? cdyH 0g,r y@dawm b0/ ed'Eravm te*FaPm? 'dAH t&d,blrd H Oay[dod/ pum;ajy// zuf & G u f a ,mf u J h o d k Y ,ck t cg aorif;xHarSmuf oifa&mufaeNyD? oifjzpfacsNy?D aorif;wrefwonf oif\ teD; vrf;c&D;Mum; &yfem;rwnf? Ykd xHyg; apmihfaeavNyD? aoayguf0 wnfcJh ukokdvfxkyf t[kwfvdkao;onf/ acsNyD/ (aumif;rIwnf;[laom) &dumvnf; Your life has come to an end now; oihftm; bmrQ r&Sdao;acswum;/ jref r muAsm uRef;BuD;yrm rSD&mukokdvf? aqmvsifvkyfbd y@djzpfvdk? udavnpfaMu; uif;a0;oukd? jA[mewf csOf;uyf&rnfqdk/
to the presence of death you are setting out. No halting place is there for you by the way. Provision too there is none for you.

q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

pum;ajy// ,ck oif\ touft&G,fonf qkpfepfaom t&G,fodkYa&mufacsNyD/ aorif;\ xH a rS m uf o d k Y oif o G m ;csd e f a &muf a eavNyD ? Make an island unto yourself; oihftwGuf vrf;c&D;Mum;rSm qdkif;iHhem;aep&m strive quickly; become wise; purged of r&SdawmhNyD/ oihftzdkY (oHo&mvrf;c&D;Mum; stain and passionless. you shall enter the rEGr;f rEG,f oH;k aqmifz,) aumif;rI&umvnf; G f d heavenly stage of the Ariyas. bmrS r&Sdao;yg wum;/ pum;ajy// oifonf rdr\ rS&muRe;f Bu;D ozG,f d D jzpfaom ukodkvfaumif;rIudkjyKygavmh/ aqm vsijf refpm vHvxkwygavmh/ ynm&Sjd zpfatmif G Yk f jyKvkyfygavmh? xkwfy,ftyfNyD;aom tnpf taMu;&Sdonfjzpf udavomuif;pifvsif oifonf t&d,mwdkY ae&mbHkXmejzpfaom (ok'g 0go)jA[mhbHkodkY uyfa&muf&ayvwHU/ jref r muAsm rdrdrSD&m uRef;omukodkvf? ynm&Sdjzpf tm;opfjrefydk? udavnpfaMu;? uGma0;apvdk? oaEuif; tdkrif;r&Sdqdk/
Make an island unto yourself. Strive without delay; fast; become wise. Purged of stain and passionless, you will not come again to birth and old age.

OyeDw0a,m p 'gedod? or,mawmod ,r oEduH? 0ga,m aw ewd tE&m? jref r muAsm ygax,srd p aw e 0dZwd/ zuf&Gufa,mfvm; oifhtm;jzpfNyD? aom ua&m[d 'Dyrwaem? aorif;wref oihfxHeD;onf? cdyH 0g,r y@dawm b0/ aoaygufvrf;0 oifua&mufNyD? ed'Eravm te*FaPm? ukokdvfxkyf t[kwfvkdao;onf/ e ykeH ZmwdZ&H Oay[dod/ Like a withered leaf are you now; jref r muAsm the messengers of death wait on you. On t&G,fqkwfepf oifjzpfacsNyD? the threshold of decay you stand.

pum;ajy// oifonf rdrdrSD&m uRef;BuD;ozG,f jzpf o nf h uk o d k v f a umif ; rI u d k jyKygavmh / vsifjrefpGm BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfavmh/ ynm&Sdjzpf atmif jyKvyygavmh/ xkwy,fNy;D aom tnpf k f f taMu;onf&Sdonfjzpf udavomrS uif;pif vQif oifonf y#doaEae&jcif;? tdkjcif;odkY ra&mufEkdifawmhay/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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pMu0Vmawmif(31)bHk avmu"mwfwpfckvHk; udk pMu0Vmwpfck[k owfrSwfxm;onf/ Ak'0g'u owfrSwfxm;aom pMu 0vmudk odyHomtrSef odyH vufawGUpl;prf; qif j cif o wf r S w f x m;ojzih f v nf ; aumif ; ? av;uRef ; wpf j rif ; rd k & f [l a ompum;onf bk & m;a[m [k w f r [k w f [ l vnf ; aumif ; ,lqMuum xdk0g'udk vufrcHMuyg/ trSefrSm av;uRef;wpfjrif;rdk&f[l aom pum;udk Ak'onf t*FkwdK&fygVdwdu edygwf? 'kwd,yPmou? tmeE0*f? plVedum okwfvnf;aumif;? ,if;ygVdawmf? owu ed y gwf ? r[m 0* ow o l & d , ok w f vnf;aumif;? 'DCedum,f ygxdu0*f? tm#m em#d , ok w f vnf ; aumif ; ? twd t vif ; a[mMum;xm;onfudkawGU&Sd&ygonf/ (tH-1 228? tH-2 473? 'D-3-167? 168? 169) odkYaomf odyHorm;wdkYu ,aeYrsuf arSmufacwf jrif;rdk&fawmifudk rawGU&aom aMumihf xdkt,ltqudk vufrcHEkdifjzpfaeMu onf/ xdovufrcHEiMf ujcif;\ taMumif; k Ykd dk udk avhvmqef;ppfMunhfygu -odyHynm&SifwdkY\ oDtkd&Donf wnfNidrfaom oDtdk&Dr[kwf/ yxrawGU&Sdxm;aom oDtdk&D xuf aemufxyfawGU&Sdaom oDtkd&D aumif;rGef aevQif aemufoDtkd&Dudkom vufcHNyD; yxr oDtkd&Drsm;udk y,fzsufaom obm0&Sdaejcif; -od y H y nmt& prf ; oyf x k w f v k y f x m;aom ud&,mwdjYk zihf wdi;f wmum xdu&,mxJ0ifvm d k k d d orQavmufEiom wGucsuNf y;D tajzudk rSe;f q S fh f xkwfazmfjcif; -tvGefa0;uGmaom t&yf tvGefjrihfrm;pGm wnfaeaom awmifwef; awmifc;kd awmifaiGU a&cdk;a&aiGUwdkYonf rxGufbJ&Sdrnfr[kwf tNrJ xGuf&Sdaeaom obm0&Sdaeygonf/ urmyx0Dajrtaetxm; ajymif;vJ aejcif;[laomtaMumif;wdaMumihf jrif;rd&awmif Yk k f udk rawGUjrif&jcif;jzpfygonf/ odyHtqdktrdefYwdkYonf wnfNidrfrIr&Sd tNrJwrf;ajymif;vJaeonf/ om"utm;jzihf odyHavmuxJrSm 20 &mpkavmuftxd kyfrSef orQonf j'yf0wKjzpfonf/ aemufqHk;txd "mwfcGJvdkufygu tPkjrLrsm;tqHk;owfrnf/ tPkjrLudk aemufxyfcpw r&awmh[k ,lq JG d f Muygonf/ 20 &mpk t v,f a vmuf o d k Y a &muf aomtcg odyHynmonf tvGefwdk;wufvm

CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE OF WORLDLY PHENOMENA

"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

oAnKwPfawmf tvGeftusL; uGefYjrL;awmfrl&m

y|mef;a'oem usrf;jrwfr[m
[H o m0wD OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if

1/ a[wk y p ,
a[wk y p a ,mw
a[wl a[wk or,kwumeH"rmeH wHork|meme lygeH a[wkypa,eypa,m/ yp , ed a ' ' jref r mjye a[wk y p a ,mwd a[wl a[wk or , k w u meH " r m eH wH o rk | meme l y geH a[wkypa,eypa,m/ a[wk y p n f ; [l o nf u m; =a[wl ? avmb? a'go? arm[? tavmb? ta'go? tarm[ wnf;[laom [d w f a jcmuf y g;yp n f ; w&m;wd k Y o nf ? a[wk or , k w u meH [dwfajcmufyg;ESihf,SOfjzpfukefaom/ "rme-pdwf? apwodufw&m; wd k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? wH o rk | mem eH = xd k [ d w f a jcmuf y g;aMumih f jzpfukefaom? lyge-pdwZkyf? y#doaEurZkyfwdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? a[wk y p a ,e-a[wk y p , owd j zih f ? yp a ,m- Oyum&aumaus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/

2/ tm&r P yp ,
tm&r P yp a ,mwd lyg,weH puK0dnmP"mwk,mwHor ,kwume"rmeH tm&rPypa,eypa,m/ tm&rPypa,mwd- tm&rPypnf;[lonfum; - lyg,weH lygHktqif;onf? puK0dnmP"mwk,mp-jrifopwpuK0nmP"mwf d d f d tm; vnf;aumif;? wH o r , k w u meH - xd k j rif o d p d w f pu K 0d n mP "mwfEi,Ojzpfueaom "rme-apwoduw&m;wdtm;vnf;aumif;? S fh S f k f f Yk tm&rPypa,e-tm&r Pyp,owdjzihf? ypa,mOyum&aumaus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ o'g,weH -o'gHktoHonf? aomw 0dnm P"mwk,mp-Mum;odpdwf? aomw0dnmP "mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeHxdkMum;odpdwfaomw0dnmP"mwfESihf,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rmeapwod u f w &m;wd k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? tm&r P yp a ,etm&rPyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd- jzpfay\/ *E m ,weH - *E m H k t eH Y o nf ? Cme 0d n mP "mwk , mp-eH o d p d w f Cme0dnmP"mwftm; vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH-xdkeHodpdwf Cme0d n mP"mwf E S i h f ,S O f jzpf u k e f a om? "r m e - apwod u f w&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? tm&rPypa,e-tm&rPyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyK wwfonf/ a[mwd-jzpf\/ &om,weH - &omH k t&omonf ? Zd 0 S m 0d n mP"mwk , mpvsufodpdwfZd0Sm0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeHxdkvsufodpdwf Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwfESihf,SOf jzpfukefaom? "rmeapwod u f w &m;wd k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? tm&r P yp a ,etm&rPyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum? aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/

o'g,weHaomw0dnmP"mwk,mwHor ,kwume"rmeH tm&rPypa,e ypa,m

*Em,weH Cme0dnmP"mwk,m wH or,kwume "rmeH tm&rPypa,e ypa,m

&om,weH Zd0Sm0dnmP"mwk,m wH or,kwume "rmeH tm&rPypa,e ypa,m/

CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE OF WORLDLY PHENOMENA

10

"r0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/ azm|Am,weH- azm|AmHk tawGUtxdonf um,0dnmP"mwk,mp= xdodpdwf um,0dnmP"mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,kwumeH= xdkxdodpdwfum, 0dnmP"mwfESihf,SOf jzpfukefaom? "rmeapwod u f w &m;wd k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? tm&r P yp a ,etm&rPyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m- Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd- jzpfay\/ lyg,weH-tqif;lygHkonfvnf;aumif? o'g,weH-toHo'gHkonf vnf;aumif;? *Em,weH=teHY*EmHkonfvnf;aumif;? &om,weHt&om &omH k o nf vnf ; aumif ; ? azm|A m ,weH - tawG U txd azm|AmHkonfvnf;aumif;? raem "mwk,mp-tmHkudkodHkrQodwwf aom pd w f raem"mwf t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? wH o r , k w u meH xdktmHkudkodHkrQ odwwfaompdwf? raem"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-apwodufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? tm&rPypa,etm&rPyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum- aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf/ a[mwdjzpfay\/ oaA-cyfodrf;ukefaom? "rm-tmHkajcmufyg;ypnf;w&m;wdkYonf? raem0dnmP "mwk,mp-tmHukd txl;odwwfaompdwf raem0dnmP k "mwftm;vnf;aumif;? wHor,wumeH-xdtmHukd txl;odwwf aom k k k pdwf raem0dnmP"mwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-apwoduf w&m;wdtm;vnf;aumif;? tm&rP ypa,e-tm&rP yp,owdj zih?f Yk ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ ,H,"r-tMuiftMuifoaom tmHajcmuf yg;taMumif; ypn;f w&m;udk H H Ykd k tm&A - tmH k j yK? pd w a pwod u m-pd w f a pwod u f j zpf u k e f a om? a,a,"rm-tMuiftMuifoaom? tusK;d ypKyew&m;wdYk onf? OyZwYkd f d jzpf a y:vmuk e f \ / awaw"r m -xd k x d k o d k Y a om tmH k a jcmuf y g; taMumif;ypnf;w&m;wdkYonf? awoH awoH"rmeH-xdkxdkodkYaom pdwf? apwod u f ? tusKd ; yp K y e f w&m; wd k Y t m;? tm&r P yp a ,etm&rPypa, owd jzihf? ypa,m- Oyum&aum- aus;Zl;jyKwwf onf/a[mwd- jzpfay\/

azm|Am,weH um,0dnmP "mwk,m wHor,kwume "rmeH tm&rPypa,e ypa,m/

lyg,weH o'g,weH *Em,weH &om,weH azm|Am,weH raem"mwk,m wHor,kwum e"rmeH tm&rPypa,e ypa,m/

oaA"rm raem0dnmP"mwk,mwH or,kwume "rmeH tm&rPypa,e ypa,m/

,H,H"rHtm*A a,a,"rmOyZEdpdwapwodum"rm? awaw"rmawoH awoH "rmeH tm&rPypa,e ypa,m/

3/ t"d y wd y p a ,
t"d y wd y p a ,mwd qEm"dywd qEor,kwumeH "rmeH wHork|meme lygeH t"dywd ypa,e ypa,m/ t"d y wd y p a ,mwd qEm"dywd qEor,kwumeH "rmeH wHork|meme lygeH t"dywd ypa,e ypa,m/ t"dywdypn;f [lonfum; -qEm"dywd-tBu;D trSL;jzpfaom qEonf? qEor,kwumeH-tBuD;trSL;qEESihf,SOf jzpfukefaom? "rme-pdwf? apwodufw&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? wH o rk | memeH - xd k t BuD ; trS L ;qE a Mumih f j zpf u k e f a om? l y ge pdwZkyfwdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? t"dywd ypa,e-t"dywdyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum& aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwfonf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/ 0D&d,m"dywd- tBuD;trSL;jzpfaom 0D&d,onf 0D&d,or,kwumeHtBuD;trSL;0D&d,ESihf,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-pdwf? apwodwf w&m;wdkYtm;vnf;aumif;? wHork|memeH-xdktBuD;trSL; pdwfaMumihf jzpfukefaom? lyge-pdwZkyfwdkYtm; vnf;aumif;? t"dywdypa,et"dywdyp,owdjzihf? ypa,m-Oyum&aum-aus;Zl;jyKwwf onf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/

0D&d,m"dywd 0D&d,or,kwumeH "rmeH wHork|meme lygeH t"dywd ypa,e ypa,m

CONDITIONAL RELATIONS OF THE CAUSE OF WORLDLY PHENOMENA

"r0D&onf avmuNidrf;csrf;rItwGufjzpfonf/ pdw"dywd pdwor,kwumeH "rmeH wHork|memelygeH t"dywd ypa,e ypa,m/

11

pd w m "d y wd - tBuD ; trS L ;jzpf a om pd w f o nf pd w o r , k w u meH tBuD;trSL;pdwfESihf ,SOfjzpfukefaom? "rme-pdwf apwoduf w&m;wd k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? wH o rk | memeH - xd k t BuD ; trS L ;pd w f aMumih f j zpf u k e f a om? l y ge - pd w Z k y f w d k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? t"d y wd y p a ,e-t"d y wd y p , owd j zih f ? yp a ,m-Oyum&aumaus;Zl;jyKwwfonf/ a[mwd-jzpfay\/ 0DrHom"dywd-tBuD;trSL;jzpfaom ynmonf 0DrHo or,kwumeHtBuD ; trS L ;ynmES i h f ,S O f jzpf u k e f a om? "r m e p d w f a pwod u f w&m;wd k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? wH o rk | memeH - xd k t BuD ; trS L ; ynmaMumih f j zpf u k e f a om? l y ge p d w Z k y f w d k Y t m;vnf ; aumif ; ? t"d y wd y p a ,e-t"d y wd y p , owd j zih f ? yp a ,m-Oyum&aumaus;Zl;jyKwwf onf? a[mwd-jzpfay\/

0DrHom"dywd 0DrHo or,kwumeH "rmeH wHork|memelygeHt"dywdypa,e ypa,m/

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ONE LIFE AND THE CYCLE OF REBIRTHS

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NETWORK MEDIA NEWS

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"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ pma&;oltygt0if Ak'bmom0iftm;vHk;wdkYonf ]Aka'gar o&PH tnH ewd? "arm ar o&PH tnH ewd/ oHaCmaro&PH tnH ewd} [k qdaumif;H?k vlMum;aumif;H?k tqifajyaewke;f om &Gwqkd k f &efr[kwb?J &ifxEv;kH om;xJrS odjrifvufcNH y;D ? tpOfxm0&pGNJ r,MkH unf f J S J xm;zdkY&ef t"dujzpfygonf/ a'oemawmfyg&Sdaom r@ukPvDtrsKd;om;onf aocgeD; qJqtcsewif bk&m;&Siqr;f cHvmonfukd tmHjk zihz;l jrifc&Ny;D bk&m;&Sif J d f G f G f hJ \ MunfndKoyg,fvSaom *kPfudktmHkjyKNyD; bk&m;&Siftm; qnf;uyf udk;uG,fMunfndKpdwfeJYaovGefaomtcg wm0wd Homewfjynf ,lZem oHk;q,f&Sdaom a&TAdrmefBuD;ESihf ewforD;wpfaxmif NcH&Haom ewfom; wpfyg;oGm;jzpf\/ b,fukokdvfaumif;rIaMumifh ,ckvdkjzpf&ovJ[k qifjcifaomtcg aocgeD;qJqJwGif bk&m;&Siftm; kdaoav;pm; qnf;uyfMunfndKcJhaom aumif;rIudkjyefvnfodjrif&\/ wpf b 0ES i h f wpf o H o &mtvJ rrS m ;Mu&atmif xdkYaMumihf Ak'bmom0if qif;&Jcsrf;omrdwfaqGtaygif;rsm; onf qif;&JvdkYvnf; pdwfrysuf? csrf;omvdkYvnf;rmefrwufbJ t&SifZ0 e(arwm&Si)q&mawmfa[movdk ]b0qdwm ud,u tH;I ay;rS H;I wmyg} f k k f qk d o nf u d k tod t rS w f j yKNyD ; wpf b 0ES i h f wpf o H o &mtvJ r rS m ; rdapaMumif; arwmavmif;vdkuf&ygonf/ tm;xm;Muyg &wemjrwfoHk;yg;? tm;xm;Mursm;olig ab;&efuGm? csrf;omtaygif; aumif;aMumif;a0jzm/ jrwfAk'omoem? a&mif0guGJYxdefvif; wdkYacwfrSm pnfyifomvdkY oDv orm ynmNzdK;atmif BudK;aqmifMurif;/ (OD;eE? 0dZm*kPfxl;? 'Da*s) qif;&Jcsrf;omow0gtaygif; aumif;usKd;vdk&m qEjynhf0ygap/ armif o uf ( a&T j ynf o m)

wpfoHo&mtwGuf wpfb0udk wnhfrwfpGmavQmufwwfzdkY vdktyfvSyg onf/ vd k a vao;r&S d jynh f p H k a umif ; rG e f a ombmomw&m; tcsdKUaom olrsm;u Ak'bmom[m qif;&Jw,f/ atmifjrifrI r&SdMubl;? rjynhfpHkEkdifbl;[k xifjrif,lqaeMuyg\/ wu,fawmh ,ck yputcsdeftwGufvnf; usef;rmzdkY? csrf;omzdkY? atmifjrifzdkY touf&Snf zdkY? nDTwfzdkY? cdkifcefYzdkYtwGuf Ak'jrwfpGmu vkdavao;r&Sdatmif a[m Mum;vrf;jyay;cJhygNyD/ td w f o G e f z marS m uf oG e f o if j yoqH k ; rcJ h y gNyD om;orD;usi0wf? rdbusi0wf? wynhusi0wf? q&musi0wf? fh fh f fh fh aemufvui,fom;wdusi0wf? tBu;D tuJwYkd usi0wf? tvkyorm;usifh dk f Yk fh fh f 0wf? tvky&iusi0wfEifh aiG&menf;? aiGpenf;? oH;k pGenf;? vSL'gef;enf; f S f fh S S k J rsm;tygt0if? ukov-tukovw&m;wdukd jyKusi jyefvnftusK;d &&Sd dk f kd f Yk fh cHpm;EkdifyHk/ vlwpfOD;\ b0jzpfwnfrI? y#doaEtaMumif; kyfppfppf emrfppfppfw\ oabm? kyemrfEpyg; csKyNf ir;f aMumif; tusi?fh r*fqu?f Ykd f S f d kd zdkvf0if? edAmefjrifEkdifp&mtaMumif;rsm;udkyg q&mpm;rcsefbJ tdwfoGef zmarSmuf oGefoifjyo qHk;rcJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ ud k , f h u d k , f u d k ar;cG e f ; xk w f tajz&S m Munh f y g rdrdwdkYtaejzihf rnfrQvdkufemusihfaqmifNyD;NyDenf;? rnfonfh tcsdefxdusihfaqmifMurnfenf;/ rnfrQcdkifrmpGm ,HkMunfvufcHxm; Ny;D Nyenf;qdwm ud,u,ukd tm;remwrf; OD;pGmar;cGe;f xkw tajz&Sm D k k hf kd f f oihygonf/ f jrwfAk'uawmh (pwkop 0ded rkawm "arm emrewd) opmav;yg;rS vGwfaomw&m;rnfonfr&Sd[l vGefcJhaomESpfaygif; (2500)ausmfu a[mMum;cJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ ukd,hfudk,fudk u,fwifEkdifatmif q&mawmfOK;olr*Fvu ]wdkYbk&m;omoemrSm onf;cHjcif;eJY NcdK;NcHjcif;om *kPf,lp&myg? taqmifta,mif yumoeudk txifBuD; p&mrvdb;l / olwpfyg;u,fzYkd ,lzYkd apmihaewmeJY ud,u,ukd u,fwif k f k hf kd f Ekdifatmif BudK;pm;&r,f} [k rdefYa[mxm;ygonf/

Gansu to issue stamp on Tibetan world-famous monastery

Y urmhtausmfMum;qHk; wdAufa&S;a[mif;bk&m;ausmif;BuD;yHk wkwf*efqkjynfe,frS pmydkYwHqdyfacgif;rsm; ykHESdyfxkwfa0jcif;
Gansu, China, Xinhuanet, July 20,2009

wkwjf ynfoorwEdiiH wdAufa'o*efqjk ynfe,f&dS vufb&ef Yl k f a&S;a[mif;Ak'bk&m;ausmif;awmfBuD;yHkjzihf txl;pmydkYwHqdyfacgif;rsm;udk Mo*kwfv 2&ufaeYrSp xkwfa0jzefYcsdvdkufNyD[k qif[Gmtifwmeuf owif;wGif azmfjyonf/ wdAufa'o&Sd *svmh*A'bmom*dP;f rS xif&m;ausmMf um;aom J f k k S a&S;a[mif;Ak'bk&m;ausmif;awmfBuD;ajcmufckteufrS ,ckwHqdyfacgif; tjzpf yHkESdyfxkwfa0vdkufaom vufb&efbk&m;ausmif;BuD;rSm wpfck tygt0ifjzpfonf/ if;txl;pmydwqyacgif;ESprsKd ;udk jynfe,fpmydwuXmerS yHEyf Yk H d f f Yk dk f k dS xkwfa0&mwGif ,efaiG 2 'r 4 (tar&duefa':vm 0 'r 35) wefzdk;&SdNyD;? wkwfjynfrS wHqdyfacgif;'DZdkif;ynm&Sif- &Sifa0*sDtEkynm ajrmuf zefwD;a&;qGJonf[kqdkonf/ ,if;wHqdyfacgif;rsm;xkwfa0jzefYcsDrI tcrf;tem;udk Mo*kwf

2 &ufaeYu *HwefA'yym;awmfBu;D ude;f 0yf&m r[mokwecef;raqmif k k k f G f BuD; usif;yMuonf/ if;cef;raqmifBuD;rSm wkwfwdAufe,fwpf0ef; Ak'bmoma&;tcrf;tem;BuD;rsm; qif,ifusif;yMuaom txif&Sm;qHk; cef;rBu;D jzpfNy;D ? xdcef;rBu;D twGi;f xdaeYucif;usi;f jyoxm;aom wHqyf k k d acgif;rsm;jyyGJBuD;rSm? c&D;oGm;vkyfief;rsm; wdk;wufzGHUNzdK;ap&eftwGuf txl;wHqdyfacgif;topfxkwfa0jcif;ESifhtwl usif;yjcif;jzpfonf/ if;txl;wHqyacgif;wGif azmfjyxm;aombk&m;ausmif;awmf d f Bu;D rSm wdAufu,yitycsKyci&a'o *efqNk rKd U\taemufajrmuft&yf kd f kd f k f f G fh wnf&Sdaom qDa[;a'owGif&SdNyD;? 1709 ckESpfu wnfaqmufcJhonhf tEkynmvuf&majrmuf? a&S;a[mif;bk&m;ausmif;Bu;D jzpfonf/ xdb&m; k k ausmif;awmfBuD;wGif zGifhvSpfxm;aom y&d,wdpmoifwdkufBuD;rSmvnf; &[ef;oHCmawmfOD;a&trsm;tjym; oDwif;oHk;awmfrl ynmoifMum; aeaom Ak'pmayxGef;um;onhf ausmif;awmfBuD;jzpfonf[k azmfjyyg qif[Gmeufowif;u qdkavonf/

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ aemuf a usmzk H ; rS udk,fudk,fwdkif vSnhfpm;jcif;udk oifudk,fwdkifu pl;prf;avhvm awGU&SdonfqdkvQif oif\tawG;tac: t,ltqrsm;ESihf cHpm;csuf rsm;udk owduyfvsuf odem;vnfaernfjzpfonf/
If we deceive anybody, including ourselves, we cannot make real progress in meditation. It is a big hindrance,

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qHk;vkyfaqmifMuzdkYu opm"rudkjrifatmif IMunhfaeMu&rSmjzpfonf/ xdkuJhodkY IMunhfEkdif&eftwGufvnf; usKyfwdkY? owdudk tjynhft0 tNrJ wrf;uyfxm;&rnfjzpfonf/
Attention itself is purifying. This is very powerful you know.

ud,u,wif tygt0if vlom;wdtay:rSm uREywYkd vdrnm k f kd f kd Yk kf f f vSnhfpm;aeMurnfqdkvQif uREfkyfwdkYusihfBuHBudK;ukwftm;xkwfvdkMuonfh 0dyem bm0emur|mef;pD;jzef;rItvkyfudk trSeftuef wdk;wuf jzpfyGm;aeatmif uREfkyfwdkYjyKvkyfazmfaqmifEkdifMurnf r[kwfay/ xdkaumufuspfpOf;vJaom vdrfnmvSnhfpm;rIonf 0dyem bm0em vkyfief;twGuf BuD;pGmaomtzsuftarSmifhtaMumif;w&m;BuD;jzpfav onf/
So when you really pay attention to your mind, and see how the mind works, what it is thinking and feeling, if we see ''I am greedy," just see it, Don't try to justify it, just see the plain truth. "I am greedy".

owdw&m;udk,fu oefYpifMunfvifNyD;om;jzpfonf/ ,if; owdw&m;qdkonfrSm vGefpGmBuD;rm;aom wefcdk;pGrf;tm;BuD;vnf;jzpf onf/ odkYjzpfonfudk oifudk,fwdkifodae&rnfjzpfonf/

I have no friends. I make my mind my friend.

usKyfrSm taygif;toif;qdkwmvnf;r&Sdbl;? usKyf&JUpdwfudk usKyf&JUoli,fcsif;rdwfaqGtaygif;toif;jzpfatmif usKyfvkyfae&w,f/

See how beautiful and how true it is. If your mind is not your friend, then I don't think you can have any friends. If you are your own enemy, how can you make friends with anybody else.

xdkYaMumihf oif\pdwfudkoifudk,fwdkifowduyfvsuf trSef twdkif;jrifaeatmif IMunhfae&rnfjzpfNyD; tpOfwpdkufjzpfay:aeaom oif\pdwfuav; rnfodkYrnfyHk azmufjyefajymif;vJ ajy;vTm;vGihfyg;ae onfwdkYudk apmihfMunhfae&rnfjzpfonf/ xdktcgwGif awG;awmBuHpnfaeaompdwfESihf xdawGUcHpm;ae aom pdwfjzpfpOfqdkonfrsm;rSm rnfuJhodkY jzpfay:aeaom pdwfudk ac:qkd&rnfrSef; em;vnfvmEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ tu,f oif\ pdwfu ]usKyf[m avmbom;jzpfw,f} [k xkwfazmfvmonfhwdkifatmif xdkpdwf uav;udk rSefuefaumif;rGefatmif jyKjyifay;zdkY&m oifrBudK;pm;ygESihf oifvkyfaqmifae&rnfh tvkyfonf jzpfysufajy;vTm;aeaom pdwfjzpf pOfw&m;\ rSefuefrIopmw&m;udkom apmihfMunhfae&efjzpfonf/ oif\pdwfuawmh ]usKyf[m avmbom;jzpfw,f} [k azmfjyay;aernf omjzpfonf/
If you are angry, look at your mind and see 'I am angry" Don't try to justify it. Just observe the truth.

pd w f [ m tb,f r Qavmuf v S y NyD ; tb,f r Qavmuf tNrJrSefuefaeonfh opmw&m;jzpfvdkufygoenf;/ tu,f oihfpdwf onf oif\ rdwfaqGtaygif;toif;rjzpfEkdifbl;[kqdkygvQif oihfwGif rdwfaqGtaygif;toif;[l wpfa,mufwpfavrQyif &Sdrnf[k uREfkyf rxifay/ xdkYxuf oifudk,fwdkif udk,fu oif\ &efoljzpfaecJhrnfqdkyg vQif vlwumwdkYESihf rnfuJhodkYrsm; rdwfaqGtaygif;toif;zGJUEkdifygrnf enf;/
How can you make your mind your real friend ?. By practicing mindfulness. By really watching your mind, by really paying attention to what you are thinking.feeling, at any moment, throughout the day. You will see the truth about your mind, and only when you see the truth, gradually it will become purer, and it will become your friend.

tu,foifpdwfqdk; a'gotrsufxGufaernfqdkygvQif oif\ pdwuav;jzpfysuajymif;vJaerIawGukd jrifaeatmif IMunhae& f f f rnfjzpfonf/ xdkuJhodkY MunhfaevQif oif\pdwfuav;u ]usKyf[m pdwq;kd vGe;f vdYk a'gotrsuxuaewmyg} vdYk azmfjyvmygvdrrnf/ tJ'D f f G f fh pdwrupwi;f uav;udk jyefNy;D rSeuefwnhrwfvmatmif vkyay;zdawmh f kd f d f kd f f f Yk rBuKd ;pm;ygESifh rSeuefjcif;qdonfh opmw&m;jzpfay:vmrIukd jrifatmif f k om MunhfIavhvmae&efvdkayonf/
Then you can make real progress in your meditation practice and that leads to liberation.

xdkuJhodkY jzpfwnfvmNyDqdkvQif oifBudK;pm;yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfae aom 0dyem bm0em"rtvkyfonf wu,fwrf; wdk;wufrIrsm; &&Sd atmif oifazmfaqmifEkdifawmhrnfjzpfonfhtjyif xdktrSefwu,f wdk;wufvmrIu oHo&mrS vGwfajrmufatmif a&SUaqmifazmfusL;oGm; rnfjzpfonf/
To overcome anything first we must see it. We must pay full attention.

oif\pdwukd oif\ wu,fwrf;ppfreonfh rdwaqGtaygif; f S f fd toif;jzpfvmEkiatmif oifrnfoYkd azmfaqmifEiygrnfenf;? owdy|mef d f dk f usihfpOf"rwnf;[laom tNrJowduyfvsuf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&onfh usipOfw&m;rsm;udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwjf cif;jzihf jyKvyEiygrnfvm;? oif\ fh k f dk f pdwfudk oiftNrJrjywf owduyfvsuf wu,fwrf; apmihfMunhfaeEkdifyg rnfvm;/ owduyfvsuf toihfjzpfaeaom oif\ pdwfjzpfpOfawGxJrS oifawG;awmBuHqaerIrsm; tHkrsm;ESihf xdawGU&mrS jzpfay:vmonfh cHpm;rIrsm;udk aeYw"l0tcsdefESifhtrQ jzpfysufaeonfh pdwfvIyf&Sm;rIwdkif; udk oifapmihfMunhfjcif;tm;jzihf oif\pdwfjzpfpOfw&m;rsm;xJrS wu,f ppfrSefonfh opmw&m;udk oifawGUjrif&rnfjzpfonf/ oif\pdwfwGifjzpfwnfvmaom opmw&m;udk oifudk,fwdkif awGUjrifvmonfEifh wNyKd ieuf? wu,fwrf;ppfreonfh opmw&m;ouf S f S f oufukd wjznf;jznf;csi;f oifu,wiu,yif odjrifvmNy;D onhaemuf kd f kd f kd f kd f ,if;opmw&m;onfomvQif oihfrdwfaqGtaygif;toif;jzpfonfudk em;vnfvmrnfjzpfonf/
I have no enemy I make carelessness may enemy.

t&m&mudk jzwfoef;ausmvm;Eki&eftwGuf usKywtzdYk yxr f T d f f Ykd

usKyrm &efo[ pd;k pOf;rQr&S?d usKy&UJ &efouvnf; *krpduf f S l l f l kd k rae&atmif vkyfaqmifay;cJhw,f .../ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) "r 0 D & -oE m tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' o moemjyKwu o d k v f

DHAMMA DEW

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"r0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

yefcsifolrsm;odkY
Ak a ' g &o- t&S i f E m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&? arS m f b D )
acgif;NzD;cJhav;/ / - pHy,fwJhav;Hk wpfHkusefygao;/ / - yefcsifol ysdKUarmifBuD; acgif;NzD;vdkYav;/ / 'Dpmom;av;u 'Db'urmrSm bk&m;ig;qlyGifhrnfjzpf&m uukoefbk&m;? aumP*Hkbk&m;? uybk&m;? a*gwrbk&m;&,fvdkY bk&m;av;qlyGifhawmfrlNyD;MuygNyD/ aemufqHk;yGifhrnfh t&darw,sbk&m; wpfqlom usefygawmhw,f/ xdkt&darw,sbk&m;udk zl;arQmf uRwfwef;0ifvdkolawG t&d,mjzpfvdkolawG[m ]]yef;yefcsifwJholrvdk OD;acgif;qHyif oefY&Sif; aq;aMumNy;D acgif;Nz;D oefpifxm;&ovd}k } rdr\ pdwrm&SaewJh udavom Y d f S d tnpf t aMu;awG u d k oD v ? orm"d ? ynm? 0d y ema&pif a wG e J Y aq;aMumNyD; oefY&Sif;atmifvkyfxm;&r,fvdkY qdkvdkygw,f/ t&darw,sb&m;tavmif;onf yg&rDjynhratmif jznhusifh k f DS f aeygw,f/ yGifh&efeD;uyfvsuf&Sdaeygw,f/ 'Dpmom;av;awGu t&darw,sb&m;ESifh qufpyfaeygw,f/ k aemuf bk&m;arQmoawGtwGuf vdtyfcsujf zpfygw,f/ taumif;qH;k u f l k awmh 'D,ckb&m;omoemawmfrm t&d,mjzpfatmif BuKd ;pm;oifygw,f/ k S h ,ckpma&;olqdkvdkcsifwmu rdrdwdkYyefqifvdkonhf qkrsm; arQmfvihfcsufrsm;ESihf oufqdkifjcif;aMumihf yef c sif o l E G J U EG J U aES m if ; i,f w d k Y auomud k aysmh a ysmh a jymif ; atmif acgif ; NzD ; cJ h a v; jzpf y gw,f / rdrdwdkY a&mufvdk awmif;vdk qkyefvdkonfrsm;udk yefqifvdkol rsm;onf udk,usiovaumif;&w,f? pdwtnpftaMu; uif;a0;&w,f? f fh D f Pfynm&Sd&w,f/ odkYrSom yefqifwJhqkvmbfjynfhpHkMurnfjzpfonf/ Zwd bd u a 0 oD v 0awm apawm yPd"d 0dok'wm/ ud,usiov jzLpifo[m tvd&wi;f awmif;wyefqifwi;f k f fh D l k dS kd dk NyD;jynfhpHkEdkifw,f/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf? udk,fusihfoDveJY,SOfaom pdwfapwem oefY&Sif;pifMu,fonf\tjzpfaMumifh NyD;jynhfpHk&ygw,f/ ud,usiov Avmewjd zihf awmif;onhqu edAmeftxdqvQif jynhyg k f fh D f k kd f rnfvm;/ yk x k Z Of t zd k Y u awmh r&bJ a wmif ; aeMuwmrsm;w,f / rawmif ; bJ & aewmud k owd r jyKrd M ubl ; / r&yJ awmif ; aewmu ed A m ef / rawmif ; yJ & aewmu 'k u / r&ru awmif ; aewmu ork ' ,/

yefcsifolrsm;[kqdk&mwGif ukodkvfaumif;rItaMumif;jyKNyD; awmif;qk yefqifol Ak' Ak'om0utpxm; awmif;qkyefqifvdkol t&d,mwdkY\ tpaomwmyefb0 r*fzdkvfyef;udk ,ck& ,ckyefqifvdk olrsm;udk &nfTef;ygw,f/ tcsKd UMuawmh aumif;rIutaMumif;jyKNy;D awmif;qkyefwtcg kd hJ raumif;&m&nfGef;Muw,f/ avmboHawGygvmw,f? a'gooHawG ygvmw,f? arm[oHawG ygvmw,f/ 'gawGuawmh trSefw&m;rS Pfrupm;Edkifolrsm;jzpfayvdrhfrnf/ vlavmuordkif;rSm rdef;uav;wdkif;vdkvdk yef;BudKufwwfMu w,f/ yef;BudKufMuovdk yef;yefcsifMuw,f/ yef;awGUvQif pdwfb0if uswwfMuw,f/ bmjyKvd k Y yef ; Bud K uf o vJ / bmjyKvd k Y yef ; yef c sif M uovJ / yef ; yef a wmh bmjzpf r S m vnf ; / ar;Munh f a wmh tajz&S d r S m ayh g / vScsifvdkY yef;yefw,fqdkvQif yef;yefolwdkif;a&m vSygovm;/ yef;yefwi;f vSaeygu b,frmtusn;f wef &St;kH rSmvJ/ yef;yefvvw,f kd S d Ykd S qdkwm vlESifhyef; tcGifhvrf;omtHk;rSmyg/ yef;uvnf; ta&mifaumif; toGifvS? teHYuarT;? taoG;u aumif;&ao;w,f/ yefqifoluvnf; pdwfaumif; kyfvSobm0us& ao;w,f/ qHyifu aumif;tHk;rS? uwHk;yef;yef b,f[efvdrhfrvJ? qHyif pkyfzGm; yef;yefxm;awmh pOf;pm;Munhfayhg/ tnpftaMu;vnf; oefY&Sif; xm;&ao;w,f/ odr[kwum; tokbudk yefqifovdk yef;yifygtokb Yk f jzpfoGm;&w,f/ ]]yef c sif o l o d k Y } } - pHy,fwJh av;Hk - rav;i,f ryefxdkufvdkY yef;jywfcdkufBuHK/ / - tyGifh&,fukef wpfiHkawmh usefygao;/ / - yefcsifol EGJUEGJUaESmif;i,fwdkY auomudk aysmhaysmhajymif;atmif

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfaponf/ ]]awmif ; qk y ef } } ukovH urH uwGm {uod HXmae yweH umwHk 0wd/ ukodkvfaumif;rIjyKNyD;vQif wpfckaomae&m wpfckaomqkudk awmif;qkjyK&ef oifhavsmfw,f[k t|uxmq&mu qdkygw,f/ Ak ' b mom0if t rsm;pk o nf uk o d k v f a umif ; rI j yKNyD ; wd k i f ; awmif;qkyefqifMuw,f/ aumif;qkyef&m b0aumif;pm;a&;twGuf awmif;ygu BudKufaumif;jzpf vlrdkufawmif;omjzpfacs&m\/ uH t aMumif ; cH vl e wf b 0 'k u o m psmef t aMumif ; cH jA[ m b0 &S n f ' k u o m Pf t aMumif ; cH vl e wf j A[ m b0 uRwf v G w f r I u d k o m a&S ; I v suf o m/ uHqk? psmefqkawGudk Pfwpfck OD;pD;rIjzihf ork',uif; 'ku vGwfuif;rIudk a&S;Iaeygw,f/ Pf y nmjzif h awmif ; wJ h q k u awmh b0vG w f a jrmuf N yD ; oEdokc a&mufav&m\/ uH a umif ; vQif Pf a qmif ; zd k Y v d k y gw,f / psmef a umif ; vQif Pf a ygif ; zd k Y v d k y gw,f / 'k u r S v G w f a jrmuf z d k Y o mjzpf w ,f / Pf t vk y f [ m Zmwf r I w f w wf b l ; / Zmwf t I y f Pf e J Y j zKwf r S trS w f a vmuk w & mjzpf w ,f / (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) aemuf a usmzk H ; rS vuf e uf u d k i f r sm;ES i h f t "r q G J a c:Muojzih f xde;f odr;f apmifa&SmufotBu;D tuJ edvmrdonf? ,if;qifom; h l aygufuav;ESpaumifukd uEND rKd UodYk ydvu&mwGif vufeufui&rsm;ESifh f Yk dk f kd f J ppfwyfrS t&m&Srsm;yg0ifaomtapmifta&Smuf (50) wdu twif;t"r d h Yk qJGac:MupOf? rdcifqifrBuD;ESifh om;i,fqifom;aygufESpfaumifwdkYu ckcHqefYusifMu? tqdkygtapmihfta&Smufrsm;u dkufESufnif;yef;jcif; jyKMuojzihf rdcifqifrBuD;rSm 'Pf&mjyif;xefpGm&&SdoGm;onfqdkonf/ qif i ,f 50 uE d N rd K Uod k Y y d k Y v d k u f & mrS azmfjyyg qifom;aygufuav;ESpfaumifwdkYESihftwl tpG,f xGufjyLpt&G,f om;aygufqifi,f 50 wdkYvnf; uEDNrdKUodkY ydkYay;&m yg&Sonfq\/ ,if;qifom;aygufuav;rsm;wGif touf 3 ESpom;t&G,f d kd f qifi,f uav;rsm;yg&SdMuNyD;? tm;vHk;vdkvdk rdcifEdkYtay: rSDcdkaeMuaom t&G,f uav;rsm;jzpfMuonfqdk\/ om;uG J r d c if q if r BuD ; tE & m,f 'Pf&mtemw&jzpfaeaom azmfjyygqifrBuD;rSm om;uGJrdcif rsm;wGif BuHKawGU&aom rdcifEdkY&nfvkdufjcif;'PfESifh om;orD;wdkYtay: BuD;pGmaomoHa,mZOftylrD;awmufavmifrIaMumifh? if;tm; xm;&Sd&m qifxdef;a*[m awGYjriforQ tm;vHk;wdkYudk tE&m,fjyKaeonf[k ,if;a*,mrS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;u ajymMum;Mu\/ ,if;qifuav;rsm;udk uEND rKd UodYk ydaqmifvurEipyf? rmvf Yk kd f I S fh 0gol*P;f csKybe;f awmfBu;D ESifh tufp*&b&m;ausmif;bke;f awmfBu;D wdu kd f k f D d k Yk yl;wGJaMunmcsufwpf&yfxkwfjyef uJhodkYvlrqefpGm &ufpufaom

17

tjyKtrlrsm;oHk;pGJ qifuav;rsm;tm;ydkYaqmifxm;jcif;tay: jypfwif IwfcsvkdufMuNyD;? if;qifuav;rsm;tm; oufqdkif&mbk&m;ausmif;rsm; okdY jyefvnfydkYay;&ef awmif;qdkvkdufMuonf/ tpd k ; &uuf b d e uf t xd w if & aomjyem ,ckvapmapmydi;f u usi;f ycJaom tpd;k &0efBu;D tzGUJ tpnf; k h ta0;wGif tm;upm;ESifhjyefvnfxlaxmifa&;0efBuD;Xme0efBuD; *grPd avmuk\arwm&yfcHcsufudk pOf;pm;aqG;aEG;MuNyD;? ,if;qifom;ayguf uav;ESpfaumifwdkYudk oD&dvuFmtrsdK;om;wd&pmefO,smOfodkY ydkYaqmif ay;&ef oabmwlqHk;jzwfcJhonfqdk\/ tvS L &S i f r sm;u &ef y H k a iG r xnh f M uawmh if;qifom;aygufuav;rsm;udpEiywfouf tvSL&Sijf ynf S fh olrsm;tm;vHk;vdkvdkwdkYu a'gorD;t&Sdeft[kefjyif;jyif;jzihf oufqkdif&m yk*Kd vrsm;tm; xd;k ESuwcsMuNy;D ? aemufaemifwif ,if;wd&pmefO,smOf f f I f G xde;f odr;f apmiha&Smufa&;&efyaiGoYkd xnh0ifaeMutvSLaiGrsm;udk ay;jcif; f kH f rS &yfqdkif;ypfrnfqdkavonf/ ZD 0 aA'qif y nm&S i f r sm;\oabmxm; qifrsm;ESiywfoufonhf ZD0aA'ynm&Sirsm;tqdt& touf hf f k 5 ESpf 6 ESpft&G,f&Sd qifom;aygufuav;rsm;ESifh txl;ojzifh touf 10 ESpft&G,f&Sd qifi,fuav;rsm;tm; ,ckvdkrdcifqifrBuD;ESihfcGJ tjcm;t&yfwpfyg;odkY ydkYaqmifxm;Murnfqdkygu ,if;qifi,fuav; rsm;onf rdciftay:pGJvef;aom pdwfqif;&JrI'PfaMumifh tpm;tpm rpm;raomufojzihf tm[m&"mwfcsdKUwJhjcif;? pdwfzdpD;rI'PfcH&jcif;ESihf tjcm;aomtzsm;tema&m*gb,rsm;pGJuyfvmNyD; tapmqHk;aoqHk;Mu zG,&onf[k ZD0aA'ynm&Sirsm;u owday;a0zefwifjyMuonf qd\/ f dS f k rd c if q if r BuD ; ES i h f c G J x m;u bmrQremcH M uawmh ,if;qifaygufuav;rsm;udk om;xde;f rdcifqifrBu;D rsm;ESifh ,ck uJoYkd cGcmxm;rnfqygu if;wdtm; vlruprsm; 0ifa&mufxrf;aqmif h J G kd Yk I d ay;EdiMf uap&ef oifMum;ay;rIrsm;udk vufrcHjiif;qefaeMurnfqonf/ k kd oD[VEiijH zpfaom oD&vuFmEdiib&m;ausmif;wkuBf u;D rsm; kd f kd f d k f H k d wGif bmomomoema&;udprsm;jzpfaom Ak'pG,fawmfjrwf vSnhfvnf yGrsm;ESitjcm;aom tvSLr*FvmyGrsm; a&S;umvrsm;uwnf;u qifrsm; J fh J ud k toH k ; jyKcJ h M uojzih f qif x d e f ; od r f ; apmif h a &S m uf a &;a*[mrsm; wnfaqmufxm;Muavonf/ "r0&onf Ak"\ ax&0g'"rw&m;ppf w&m;rSef D xGef;um;&efjzpfonfhqkdonfh cH,lcsufESifhtnD vdIifMunfjzL"r0D&pmaywkdufESifh 'D*spfw,fpmMunfhwkdufrS 2009 ckESpf? rwfvtwGif; jzefYcsdxkwfa0vkdufNyD
1/ "r0D&\ "roHpOfrsm; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuodkvfoQifoD&d) (Nidrf;csrf;OD;) ('kwd,tBudrf)

2/ jzwfoef;csdefed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif;

3/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpk ("ry') (Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESifh pkd;jrifhvwf) 4/ Ak',Ofaus;rI&wem 5/ olawmfaumif;wkdYtvSLay;enf; t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY) t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY)

DISCUSSION ON THE DHAMMA

18

"r0D&onf rsKd;quftwGuf jzpfonf/

BudKwifjyifqifoifhMuavNyD
a&T n mol (a&T b d k ) igwd k Y a e&m? ur m ? wPS m tk y f p d k ; onf / wPS m ap&m? raeom? azG & S m quf & onf / &onf h O p m ? cspf o l y g? pG e f Y c G m oG m ;&rnf / wu,h f t a&;? wu,h f a b;? b,f a oG ; ru,f N yD / igES i h f & G , f w l ? igh a tmuf v l ? BuD ; ol a oMursm;vS N yD / cPrpJ t d k p NrJ ? ud k , f v J a obuf eD ; cJ h N yD / awmif k f Z&mrD;awmif? ud,wnf;avmif? aoatmifNrKd uawmhonf/ f raoao;cif ? oG m ;vrf ; pOf ? Bud K wif j yif o ih f N yD / 'ge? oD v ? bm0em? vrf ; omwG i f v d r h f r nf / r* i f , mOf B uD ; tjref p D ; ? c&D ; xG u f a wmh r nf / w&m;cspfcifolawmfpif"rrdwfaqGtaygif;wdkY&Sif? txufyg oHa0*vuFmuAsmuav;udk &GwfqdkNyD;wJhaemuf? pma&;oluRefronf ]]wPSm\aemuf? waumufaumuf? vduaxmufroihNf y}D }/ ]]wPSmjrpfr? k f yifv,f0? epfMuavukefNyD}}/ ]]wPSmydkYwif? yg,fav;cGif? vsifpGma&muf vdrhfrnf}} qdkonhf xG#facgifq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\ oHaygufvuFmudk vnf; xyfrHjznhfpGuf oDqdkrdygonf/ r[mukPmawmf&Sif jrwfpGmbk&m;ocif\wynhfom0u ynm&Sax&foCmawmft&Sijf rwfBu;D rsm;u aESmif;vltrsm; owdoa0* d H H w&m;&MupdrfhaomiSm "roHa0*vuFmuAsmrsm;udk pyfqdkoDuHk; qHk;r awmfrlcJhMuygonf/ 'D b 0'D c E m toH k ; csMuvsuf xdaMumihf rdrw&&Sxm;Muonhf b0cEmudk wPSmapcdi;f onhf Yk d Ykd d k twki;f vduygaqmif&uay;Mu&onhtcsersm;ESifh b0udrukeq;kH Muap d k f G f f d f k f yJ taorOD;cif PfOD;pD;vsuf 'Db0'DcEmudk toHk;csvsuf yg&rD ajrmuf? 'ge? oDv? bm0emjzpfatmif tpGrf;&Sdoa&GU BudK;yrf;tm;xkwf EdkifMurSom? tyg,fav;yg;rS uif;vGwfMuonfjzpf t&d,molawmf oljrwfwdkY\ pHaysmf&mpcef;edAmefeef;odkY pHjref;awmfrlEdkifMurnf{uef trSefjzpfaMumif; EdI;aqmifwdkufwGef;tyfygonf "rcspfcifolawmfpif rdwaqGtaygif;wd/ f Yk wPS m cd k i f ; orQ rvG e f q ef 0 H h M u aus;Zl;awmf&Sif rdk;ukwfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;uvnf; ]]wPSm udk i,faMumufjzpfaeMuw,f}} wJh/ ]]wPSmcdkif;orQ 'um? 'umrawG u rvGefqH0HhMubl;}} wJh/ ]]tJ'DwPSmudk awmfvSefypf&r,fvdkYvJ wpfcgrS pdwrul;rdMubl;}} wJ/ ]]wPSmudk wu,fwef;om awmfveEi&if edAmef f h S f kd f a&mufr,f}} vdvJ rdeMYf um;awmfrcb;l onfukd em,lrwom;cJb;l ygonf/ Yk l hJ S f h owd u av;uyf N yD ; I M unh f v d k u f M ur,f q d k & if "rrdwfaqGolawmfpiftaygif;wdkYeJY pma&;olwdkYwpfawG[m wpfaeYwpfaeY aexGufrSae0if ]]igpm;zdkY? ig0wfzdkY? ihgom;ighr,m; pm;zdkY 0wfz?Ykd ighrom;pkwpfawGpm;&zdYk 0wf&zd}Yk } qdonhtpGawGEiom ke;f uef d k f J S fh vIyf&Sm;rem;wrf;BudK;yrf;aeMuwJh udk,ftrlt&m? vdrfvnfaumufuspf ajymqdkaeMu&wJh EIwftrlt&m? tNrJwef;rajzmifhrrwfBuHpDawG;awm aeMuwJhpdwfawG[m wpfckNyD;wpfck? wpfrsdK;NyD;wpfrsdK;? trsdK;rsdK;tzHkzHk jzpfvmvkduf? ysufoGm;vdkufeJY twnfrNrJjzpfysufaeMuwmawGudkrsm;? owdav;uyfNyD;awmh PfOD;pD;vdkY IMunhfMur,fqdk&if BuHpDjyKrlaqmif &Guf&wJhtrIudpawGvJ NyD;pD;vdkY? rdrdwdkYrSmvJyJ wpfpwpfpeJY bm0emr, PfawGOD;pD;wJh todPfeJY rdrdwdkY&JU tZwoEmefrSm oDv? orm"d? ynmw&m;"rawG ude;f vmrSmjzpfw,fqwhJ taMumif;today;ajymMum; kd wifjytyfygw,f/ Z&mzd p D ; vd k Y c&D ; rwG i f a wmh w J h b 0rS m w&m;cspf c if o l a wmf p if " r r d w f a qG t aygif ; wd k Y E S i f h w uG ? pma&;olrrtygt0if yk*Kd vtaygif;wd[m rMumvSawmhwtcgor, d d f Yk hJ tcsdefwdkuav;twGif;rSm Z&mzdpD;c&D;rwGifawmhwJhb0odkY qdkufa&muf vdkY? rdrd&JUcEmudk,fudkaomfrQrvSnhfrajymif; rapmif;ra&GUEdkifyJ tdyf,m zsmuyf t&SuwuGtusKd ;eJjzpfMu&awmhrtcgrSmawmhum? rdru,wif f J hJ d kd f dk BuHKqHkcHpm;ae&wJhZ&m'kAvqif;&J'kuudk rdbarmifbGm;om;vifcifyGef; ZeD;r,m;rusef rdrukd cspvygw,f? cifvygw,fqMkd uwJoawG? rnfol d f S S h l rQ ru,fEdkifwmudk "rrdwfaqGrsm;udk,fwdkif jrifzl;awGUzl;BuHKzl;MurSm jzpfygw,f/ wpf b 0wpf c E m rS m ud k , f u sd K ;&S m Ed k i f M ua&; 'gaMumihf 'Db0'DcEmrukefqHk;ao;yJ usef&Sdaeao;wJh tckduf twefYtcsdefuav;udk 0dyembm0em"r qifjcifyGm;rsm;Mu&if;eJY ukefqHk;csKyfqHk;Muapr,fqdk&if wpfb0wpfcEmrSm udk,fusdK;&SmEdkifMuwJh olawmfpifolawmfaumif;awGjzpfMur,f&,fvdkY owday; arwma&SU xm; EdI;aqmfvdkuf&ygw,f/ ol a wmf a umif ; ol j rwf a vmif ; rsm;jzpf M u&ef rdrdwdkY&JUb0cEmaemufqHk;usef&Sdao;wJh tcsdefuav;twGif; rSm BuKd ;yrf;tm;xkwvuMf ur,fqygvQif rdrwwawG[m jrwfpmbk&m; f dk kd d Ykd G &S i f T e f j yawmf r l w J h r* i f , mOf a y:a&muf & S d M u ,Of a us;aom t&d , mw&m; vd r f r maomol a wmf a umif ; ? ol j rwf a vmif ; rsm; jzpfawmfrlMuNyD;? ]]t&d,op 'eH}} (ork',? 'ku? r*? eda&m") wnf;[laom t&d,mopmav;yg;wdukd ud,wiojd rif tocFw"mwf Yk k f kd f edAmew&m;jrwfodkY rsufarSmufjyKMu&rnfjzpfygaMumif;? tEkaAm"Pf jzihf wifjytyfygonf/ w&m;cspfcif olawmfpif"rrdwfaqGtaygif;wdkY &Sifh/ ]]rd r d u d k , f o m tm;ud k ; &mtppf j zpf M uygap..}} a&T n mol (a&T b d k )

DHAMMA TALK
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

19

urmwGif *kPfwiftyfaom Ak'bmom0if jrefrmvlrsdK;wdkY\ &wemoHk;yg;OD;xdyfxm;onhf tcrf;tem;BuD;oHk;&yf

cif a rmif r k d ; (awmif B uD ; ) Ak'bmom0ifolawmfpif jrefrmvlrsdK;wdkYwGif urmay: *kPf,ltyfaom ]]&wemjrwfoHk;yg; OD;xdyfxm;onhf tcrf;tem;BuD;}} oHk;&yfwdkY&Sdavonf/ &wemjrwf o H k ; yg;OD ; xd y f x m;onh f t crf ; tem;BuD ; oH k ; &yf (1) bk&m;w&m;oHCmwnf;[laom &wemjrwfoHk;yg;wdkYtm; OD;xdyfxm; arG;zGm;cJh&\/ (2) if;&wemjrwfoHk;yg;wdkYtm; OD;xdyfxm; xdrf;jrm;vufxyf &\/ (3) &wemjrwfoHk;yg;wdkYtm; OD;xdyfxm; om;&SifjyK&\/ aygif;r*FvmoHk;yg;wdkYudk vlYb0oufwrf;umvwpfavQmuf usif;yjyKvkyfMu&\/ yxrH Zm,aw "D a &m? 0d 0 g[H 'k w d , H ua&/ wwd , H yA Z H y k w H ? od & | &wew a ,m? yk w yyk w u a re? 0o"r H Ek y gva,/ (y#d b mef * gxm) "Da&m- Ak'bmom0if olawmfpifjrefrmvlrsKd ;wdonf od&|&wewa,m- OD;acgif;wnfaom &wemawmfjrwfoHk;yg;&SdMuonfjzpf Yk (0g) bk&m;w&m;oHCmwnf;[laom &wemawmfjrwfoHk;yg;wdkYtm; OD;xdyfxm;? yxrH-a&S;OD;pGm? Zm,aw- arG;zGm;vmcJhMu&ay\/ 'kwd,HESpfBudrfajrmuf? 0d0g[H-vufxyfxdrf;jrm;tdrfaxmifjyKjcif;udk? ua&- jyKMu&ay\/ wwd,H- oHk;Budrfajrmuf? yAZH-rdrd\&ifESpfonf;jcm om;ykw& &wemudk omraP&yAZ &SifjyKr*Fvmudk? ua&- jyK&ay\/ ykwyykw uare- om;pOfajr;quftm;jzihf? 0Ho"rH- Ak'bmom0ifolawmfpif jrefrmvlrsdK;wdkY\ "avhxHk;pHoabmudk? tEkygva,- tpOftm;jzihf apmifha&Smufav&m\/ usuf o a&r*F v mtaygif ; canmif ; onh f v l r sd K ; (1) &wemoHk;yg; OD;xdyfxm;aomrdbwdkY\ &ifcGifarG;zGm;vm&onhf jrefrmvlrsdK;wkdYonf? &wemawmfjrwfoHk;yg; xD;&dyfatmufwGif crf;em;xnf0gvSay\/ vlrsdK;tm;vHk;wdkYxufvnf; usufoa&&SdvSay\/ xl;jrwfvSay\/ (2) &wemoHk;yg;OD;xdyfxm;aom owdkYom;owdkYorD;wdkYonf &wemawmfoHk;yg; xD;&dyfatmufwGif? xdrf;jrm;vufxyfMu&jcif;onf vnf;aumif;? tdrfaxmifwnfaqmufMu&jcif;onfvnf;aumif;? urmh tv,f0,f xnf0gcefYjim;vSyygay\/ usufoa&r*Fvmtaygif; c anmif;ygay\/ (3) &wemoHk;yg;OD;xdyfxm;? om;&SifjyKtvSLr*Fvm jyKMu&jcif;onf? Ak'bmom0ifolawmfpifjrefrmvlrsdK;[k *kPf,l&rnhf r*Fvm tcrf;tem;jzpfygayonf/ rdrdwdkY\ &ifjzpfaom onf;csmykw om;vS&wemudk jrwfAk' \ omoemawmfwGif; oGwfoGif;tyfESif;cJhMuonfjzpfaomaMumihf? a&S; yk*Hacwfup ,aeY,cktcsdeftxd Ak'omoemawmfrsdK;aph tjrpfpGJ? pnfyifxGef;um;aeEdkifjcif;jzpfonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHawmf rdrdom;udk omoemawmfwGif; tyfESif;vdkpdwf uif;rJhokOf;qdwfcJhygaomf? om;&SifjyKtvSLawmfr*FvmyGJrsm;jywfpJoGm;NyD; onhfaemuf? jrwfAk'omoemawmfESifh jrefrmjynfonfvnf; wjznf;jznf; uif;uGmum? omoemawmfuG,fyoGm;rnfjzpfayonf/ om;&SifjyKtvSLawmfr*Fvm"avhonf jrefrmhrsdK;dk;tpOftquf usihfoHk;vmcJhMuonhf trsdK;om;a&;udpBuD;wpf&yftjzpf wnf&Sd aeayom? jrefrmjynf Ak'omoemawmfonf omoemig;axmif qHk;onhfwdkifatmif wnf&SdaeHkrQru? Ak'bmom0ifolawmfpifjrefrmvlrsdK; [k urmrSm xnf0gcefYjim;pGm wnf&SdaeEkdifjcif;vnf; jzpfayonf/ om;pOf a jr;quf r ysuf w ef ; xrf ; aqmif & rnh f w m0ef B uD ; wpf & yf &wemawmfjrwfo;kH yg;OD;xdyxm;jcif; r*Fvmtcrf;tem;oH;k &yf wdwif ,cktcg &wemoH;k yg;OD;xdyxm; xdr;f jrm;vufxyftraxmif f Yk G f d f wnfjcif;wnf;[laom 'kwd,tcrf;tem;onf ta&;tBuD;qHk;jzpfaeyg onf/ xdk'kwd,tcrf;tem;onf owdkYom;ESifhowdkYorD;ESpfOD;pvHk;wdkY &wemoHk;yg;OD;xdyfxm;EdkifMu&ef txl;vdkayonf/ &wemoHk;yg;OD;xdyf xm;jcif;trI wpfjcrf;yJhjzpfcJhygaomf bmoma&;tcuftcJ? trsdK;om; a&; tcuftcJrsm;ESihf rvGJraoG&ifqdkifBuHKawGUMu&rnfjzpfonf/ ,if;odkY bmoma&;trsdK;om;a&;taMumiftusm;jzpfoGm;ygu trsdK;bmom omoempnf;vHk;a&;ysufjym;oGm;Edkifayonf/ &wemoHk;yg; OD;xdyfxm;jcif; 'kwd,tajcysufcJhaomf yxr? wwd,OD;xdyfxm;rIrsm;yg tajcysufoGm;Murnfjzpfayonf/ onhfta&;udpBuD;onfum;? omoemhacgif;aqmif? EdkifiHh acgif;aqmiftBuD;tuJyk*dKvfrsm;ESifhwuG? q&m? rdbrsdK;dk;tpOftquf om;orD;ajr;jrpfrsm;wdkYtzdkY tav;*kjyKxrf;&GufMu&rnfhtBuD;rm;qHk; aom wm0efBuD;wpf&yfjzpfygaMumif; wifjytyfygownf;/ ]]bmom? ]]bmo m? omoemuG , f y vd k Y ? trsd K ;aysmuf r S m pd k ; aMumuf v S y gonf } } cif a rmif r d k ; (awmif B uD ; )

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

v,fwDq&ma

The Ledi Dham

D d v,fweAmefw

a&;om;jyKp

MAHA THERA L
(edAme'DyeD)
(,cif t ywf r S t quf )
aemiftyg,fi&J jzpfay:vwHUaom cEmtqufqufwdkY\ csKyNf ir;f rIuvnf;aomwmywr*ftqdurm tNy;D tydi&av\? a&muf d kd d k f S k f av\/ ightm; tyg,fcEmpk tukecsKyNf ir;f ayNy?D tyg,fav;yg;rS vGwf f d Nir;f ayNy[k tNy;D pdwcs&av\/ yDwaomre teyuef; teyuef;? d D f d teyu(ygVd) tvGefrsm;pGm jzpf&av\/ aemiftyg,fi&J jzpfay: vwHY[laom toHudkem;a,mif tyg,fcEmwdkY\ csKyfNidrf;rIudkvnf; aemifaomtcgrS &vwHY? a&mufvwHU[k aewwf\/ aomwmywdr*fcP xdk'd|d? 0dpdudpm ponfwdkY\ csKyfNidrf;rI onf ]]tocFwr[medAmefBu;D }} yifwnf;/ xdy*Kd v\oEmef tcsKd Uaom k k f udavom? tcsKd UaomcEm t<uif;tuse&ao;onfukd taMumif;jyK f dS xdktocFwr[medAmefBuD;udk ]]oOyg'daooedAmef}} [k ac:qdk&avo wnf;/ aomwmywdr*fcP xdk'd|d? 0dpdudpm ponfwdkY\ csKyfNidrf;rI onf tpOfxm0&tNrwnfaom trIaywnf;? tEkyg'daooedAmefEihf J S wpfjyifwnf;? wpfqufwnf;? wpfcwnf;aywnf;/ jrm;Bu;D ? ajimifBh u;D wdYk k \ uRwfrI? jrm;em? ajimifhemwdkY\ aysmufNidrf;rIonf udk,fwGif;rSmawGU& um,opu&Pjzpf&ouJoYkd ynwfw&m;wdrm ud,wi;f rSmawGU& d h Yk S k f G aom ]]um,opdu&Pynwf}} [l wpfpHkwpfckrQr&Sd/ y&rwtm;jzihf wdbm0 &Sdaomoludk a,musfm;[laom or K wd y nwf p G J r S w f w if p m; a,musf m ;jzpf v monf [ l r&S d ? yk&dobm0 &Sdaeaomoludk rdef;r[laom orKwdynwf pGJrSwfwifpm; rde;f rjzpfvmonf[r&S?d a&S;ukovuenf; qif;&J'uwjzpfaeaom l kd f H k d oludk armifcsrf;om? armif<u,f0? armifokc? armifolaX; [laom orKwdynwf pGJrSwfwifpm; vlcsrf;omjzpfvmonf? vl<u,f0 jzpfvmonf[r&S/ tema&m*gESypufaeaomolukd ]]armifrmuse;f }} l d d f [laom ynwfpGJrSwf ac:a0: tema&m*guif;&Sif;onf[lr&Sd? odkYvQif ynwfw&m; rnfonf udk,foEmefrSm udk,fawGU'd|awGUBuHK
(Continue from last week)
The cessation of the successive five constituent groups of existence (bodies) that would take rebirth in the hell in the future, is accomplished with the attainment of the Path of the stream-entered (sotapatti-magga). He is assured: 'All the remaining five constituent groups of existence in the hell have already ceased in me; I am now free from the dangers of hell.' He feels rapture and great joy. Being misled by the world 'that would take rebirth in the hell' he would wrongly think that the cessation of the five consituent groups of existence in the hell would also be attained only in the future. At the moment of the Path of the stream-entered (sotapatti magga), the cessation of that wrong view and scepital doubt (sakkayaditthi vicikicca) etc, is the asankhata mahanibbana. Because some of the defilements and some constituent groups of existences still remain in the stream-enterer, that great unconditioned asankhata mahanibbana of the stream-enterer is called 'saupadiseasa nibbana.' The cessation of that personality belief and sceptical doubt (sakkayaditthi, vicikiccha) etc., exists forever. It is wholly connected with the anupadisesa nibbana and it is one and the same thing. Just as the taking out of the big arrow, the big spike and the cure- appeasement of the wound are experienced with the ~~ body and it is called sacchi-karana, there is not a single pan n atticoncept that ever can be felt with body and that ever can be called 'kaya sacchi karana pannatti.' There is no female who turns to be aman by calling her 'aman' in sammutipannatti-concept, who has the nature of a female in the ultimate sense. There is no male who turns to be a female by calling him 'a female' in sammutipannatti-concept, who

(Nibban Dipani

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

21

awmfbk&m;BuD;

usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

w&m;awmfrsm;

awmf pawmfrlaom

ma on Nibba na

by

LEDI SAYADAW
&aom ]]um,op d u &P ynwf } } [l wpf p H k w pf c k r Qr&S d / tNrKd ueAmefrmrlum; ]]um,opu&P}} {uE&\/ tNrKd ueAmefBu;D udk f d S d dS f d rqd k x m;bd O D ; ? avmu wpf p H k w pf a ,muf aomol r S m tzsm;a&m*guyfa&muf wpfukd,fvHk;yGufyGufql ylavmif vS &yfwnfr& vl;vJaeav&m tzsm;a&m*gudk Edkifeif;vSaom 0dZm r, "mwfaq;udk aomufrsdK& cPcsif;aysmufNidrf;av&m xdktzsm; a&m*g\ aysmufNidrf;at;csrf;rIonf xdkolrSm udk,fawGU'd|{uEjzpf\/ csrf;omayNyD? Nidrf;ayNyD? at;ayNyD[k ajymrqHk;Edkif? 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om rqHk;Edkif&Sd\/ 1/ acgif;cJem? acgif;udkufemwdkY\ acgif;rSmjzpfyGm;rI? acgif;rSm aysmufNidrf;rI/ 2/ rsufpdemwdkY\ rsufpdrSm jzpfyGm;rI? rsufpdrSm aysmufNidrf;rI/ 3/ em;udkufemwdkY\ em;rSmjzpfyGm;rI? em;rSmaysmufNidrf;rI/ 4/ ESmacgif;emwd\ ESmacgif;rSmjzpfym;rI? ESmacgif;rSmaysmufNir;f Yk G d rI/ 5/ cHwGif;em? oGm;em? vQmemwdkY\ cHwGif;? oGm;? vQmwdkYrSm jzpfym;rI? cHwi;f ? oGm;? vQmwdrm aysmufNir;f rI/ G G Yk S d 6/ tqkwfrSmjzpfaomtemwdkY\ tqkwfrSmaysmufNidrf;rI/ 7/ tonf;rSmjzpfaomtemwdkY\ tonf;rSmaysmufNidrf;rI/ odYk tp&Sojzihf xdxkd ud,wi;f t*FgrSm jzpfym;uke xdxkd d k k f G G f k ud,wi;f t*FgrSm aysmufNir;f rIwonf xdorm ud,awGU'd|{uEjzpf\/ k f G d Ykd k l S k f csrf;omayNyD? Nidrf;ayNyD? at;ayNyD[k ajymrqHk;Edkif? 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om rqHk;lEdkif&SdMu&ukef\/ (um; k y um,jzpf a om tema&m*gwd k Y \ l y um, aysmuf N id r f ; rI u d k l y um,wnf ; [l a om ud k , f j zih f ud k , f a wG U 'd | jzpf M uyH k w nf ; /) tvGefcspfcifvSpGmaomom;? r,m;wdkY\ aoqHk;rIaMumihf
has ever become Mr.Wealthy, Mr.Rich, Mr.Happy, Mr.Banker bymere calling the poor who have little merit before, as 'Mr.Wealthy, Mr.Rich, Mr.Happy, Mr.Banker.' By mere calling the patient oppressed with disease 'Mr.Healthy' he cannot be healthy. Thus there is no pannatti-concept that ever can be felt with the body and that ever can be called 'kayasacchikarana pannatti.' However, there is indeed 'kayasacchikarana' in the amaritanibbana. What to say for it? In this world there is a certain patient who is suffering from a high fever, ever buring with the ttemperature all over the body, unable to stop himself rolling about. And when he takes the powerful vijjamaya medicine, his fever is cured-appeased at an instance; that cure-appeasement is indeed experienced with his body; he feels very glad saying endlessly. "Happy indeed am I! Peace is indeed with me!" 1. The appearing of a head-ache on the head, and the cure-appeasement on the head, 2.The appearing of an eye-disease at the eyes, and the cure-appeasement at the eyes. 3. The appearing of an ear-ache at the ears, and the cure-appeasement at the ears. 4. The appearing of a nose-ache at the nose, and the cure-appeasement at the nose. 5. The appearing of a mouth-ache, tooth-ache, tongueache at the mouth, teeth and tongue, and the cure-appeasement at the mouth, teeth and tongue. 6. The appearing of a disease in the lungs, and the cureappeasement in the lungs. 7. The appearing of a disease in the liver, and the cureappeasement in the liver. Thus the appearing of the diseases on the parths of his body and the cure-appeasement are indeed experienced with his

i= The Manual of Nibbana)

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ionf/

body. He feels very glad saying endlessly; "Happy indeed am I! Peace is indeed with me!" [This is how the disease appearing on the body and the cure-appeasement on it are experienced with the body.] Those who are seriously burning with sorrow because of the death of their beloved sons and wives get peace of mind at an instance on hearing the dhamma of the wise; the cure-appeasement of sorrow, misery is experienced with their mind-body. All the burning of sorrow because of the destruction of the desirable things and the loss of the beloved ones, and all thieir appeasement at an instance should be understood in the same way. The sorrow of a criminal who has been sentenced to death and will receive the death penalty on the third day from today, with the thought: "The punishment will fall on my body; I will have to encounter with my body; I will have to die." than comes to appear in the mind continuum, no sooner does he hear the decree of the law court. Sorrow is felt with the mind body. While he is seriously burning with sorrow, he gets the Amnesty order on the second day as being saved by someone, the would be coming danger of death on the third day ceases on the physical body when the Amnesty Order is proclaimed. But the sorrow in his heart ceases in his mind-body only when he hears the Amnesty Order. The peace of mind is felt vividly in his heart. Still in this world there is indeed the momentary appeasement in physical body as well as in mental body that can readily be felt (kayasacchikarana). How can there be no 'kayasacchikarana' in the amarita nibba na the complete cessation of the burning dhamma, sakkayaditthi and vicikiccha, etc. that forever accompany in the mind continuum in the endless round of rebirths? In fact there is 'kaya sacchikarana' in the amarita nibbana. The stream-enterer feels glad excessively for the whole life with a thought: "Now, the sakayaditthi and vicikiccha which always accompany in my mind continuum have already ceased; they have been appeased, have been overcome; the evil deeds, akusalakammapatha dhammas have already ceased, have overcome; the awaiting dangers of hells have been dispelled, have been overcome." Why doesn't nibbana exist in the ultimate sense which is encountered with physical body and mental body, by way of kayasacchikarana kicca, nanasacchikarana kicca? Here ends the answer to the first question: '1. If the cessation of the appearing of the defilements and the constituent groups of existence (kilesa dhamma, khandha dhamma), the complete ending of it, is called nibbana, how does nibbana exist in the ultimate sense?" (To be continue)

tjyif;txefyyefyifyef; aeaomolwtm; ynm&Sw\w&m;pum;udk l Ykd d Ykd Mum;em& cPcsi;f at;Nir;f Mu&m pdwoEmef[qtyfaom emrum, d f k kd jzpfym;aomaomu? 'kuemwd\ emrum, ajyaysmufat;Nir;f rIukd G Yk d emrum,wnf;[laom udk,fawGU'd|jzpfMuukef\/ |0wK yd,0wKw\ aysmufysuq;kH yg;rIaMumifh cyfor;f aom Ykd f d pdwf\ ylyefqif;&JrI cPcsif;at;Nidrf;&m[lorQwdkYrSm enf;wlodav/ rif;ab;oihf ,aeYrSaemuf (3) &ufajrmuf toufcEm tqH;k pD&ifap[k rif;rdetmPmusNy;D aomoltm; toufcEmudk a>cwwf Yf aom vufeuf'Pfcsufudk (3) &ufajrmufaomaeYrSm lyum, qdkuf a&mufvwHU? lyum,jzihf udk,fawGU'd|jzpf&vwHU? igonf ao&awmh rnf[k pdwfESvHk;ylaqG;rIrSmrlum; trdefYtmPmpum;udk Mum;&onfESihf wpfNydKifeuf pdwfoEmef[laom emrum, qdkufa&mufav\/ emr um,jzihf ukd,fawGU'd|jzpf&av\/ xdoonf tvGeyaqG;aepOf u,fq,fow& 'kw,aeY k l f l l Ykd dS d rSm vGwNf ir;f ap[laom trdeu&av\/ wwd,aeYoquvQif lyum, d Yf kd Ykd kd f qdua&mufvwUH aom aoab;onf vGwNf ir;f ap[laom trdexwjf yef k f d Yf k onfEifh wpfNyKd ieuf lyum, vGwNf ir;f av\/ pdwEv;kH qduwuf S f d f S k f kd aeaom ylaqG;rI[lonfum; vGwfNidrf;ap[laom trdefYudk rdrdem; Mum;aomtcgrS emrum,vGwNf ir;f av\/ pdwEv;kH \at;Nir;f rIonf d f S d pdwfESvHk;wGif txift&Sm;udk,fawGU'd|jzpf&av\/ lyum,qduawGUaomvGwNf ir;f rIwpfyg;? emrum, qduf k f d k awGUaom vGwNf ir;f rIwpfyg; odvQif avmu&SMd uaom w'*FNir;f rIpk d Yk d rSmyif ]]um,opdu&P}} {uE&Sdao;\/ terw*oHo&m rdrd\tZwoEmef jzpfvmcJhaom oum,'d|d? 0dpdudpm tp&Sdaom tyltavmifw&m;wdkY\ t<uif;rJh uG,faysmufcsKyfNidrf;jcif;[laom tNrdKufedAmefBuD;rSmrlum; tb,frSm ]]um,opu&P}} {uEr&SbJ aeygtHenf;/ &Sonfre\/ aomwmyef d d h d S f yk*dKvftm; ig\pdwfoEmefrSm tpOfygaeaom 'd|d? 0dpdudpmonf ,ck aysmufNidrf;ayNyD? csKyfNidrf;ayNyD? uRwfvGwfayNyD? ig\udk,frSm tpOf y g aeaom tuk o vur y x w&m;wd k Y o nf ,ckaysmufNidrf;ayukefNyD? csKyf Nidrf;ayukefNyD? uRwfvGwfayukefNyD? a&SUuqD;aeaom tyg,fab;wdYk onfvnf; ,ckaysmufNir;f ayukeNf y?D d csKyfNidrf;ayukefNyD? uRwfvGwfayukef NyD[k toufxufqHk; 0rf;ajrmuf rqHk;Edkif&Sdav\/ rQavmufaom um,opdu&P? Popdu&Pudp (2) yg;wdkYjzihf udk,frSm'd|dawGUBuHK&aom edAmefonf tb,frSm y&rw tm;jzihf xif&Sm;&Sdaom w&m;r[kwfbJ&SdacstHhenf;/ wGifa&GUum; udavom"r? cEm"rwdkY\tjzpfNidrf;rI? Zmwfodrf;rI? csKyfNidrf;rIudk edAmefqdkcJhaomf xdkedAmefonf tb,fodkY vQif y&rwf t m;jzif h xif & S m ;&S d y goenf ; [l a om yxryk p m ajz qd k c suf N yD ; \/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'\ax&0g' "rw&m;tppfxGef;um;&ef jzpfonf/
rsuf E S m zk H ; rS t quf

23

zdkY&m r*if&Spfyg; w&m;trSef&Sdao;aMumif;rsm;udkvnf; odEkdifawmhrnf r[kwyg/ f rod & vQif tjypf / xd k o d k Y od z G , f [ l o rQud k rod E k d i f v Qif bkef;BuD;onf ]aemufb0 &Sd ao;\} [k r,lqawmhbJ b0twGuf om Munhf udk,fusKd;&SdrnfxifvQif rnfonfh rw&m;rIrqdk jyKrd awmh&m\/ xdoYkd jyKrvQif bke;f Bu;D onf i&Jaumif Nywmaumif wd&pmef k d d aumiftjzpfjzihf 'kursKd;pHkcHpm;um oHo&m0#fxJrS rvGwfbJ aeawmh vwHU/ ,ckaomfum; v aygif;rsm;pGm &Gwfzwf o*Fg,em wiftyf ygaomfvnf; tus,csUJ vQif rukeEiao;atmif jrm;ajrmifvpm y&d,wd f f dk f S G omoemawmfwnf&Sdaeao;aomaMumihf xdkodzG,f[lorQudkaMumif; usKd;pHkvifpGm odjrif&ygonf/ &yH od&tusKd;&yk/ xdkodkYodjrif&jcif;aMumihf raumif;rI'kpdkuf rsm;udkvnf; pGrf;EkdiforQ a&Smif&Sm;Ekdif\/ aumif;rIyg&rDrsm;udkvnf; xufoefpGmjznhfqnf;yl;Edkif\/ ]avmu csrf;omokc [lorQonf aemufuxyfMuyf 'kuuyfygae\} [k ESpEpumumem;vnf ae&um; f S f rnfonf'u rnfonf*PoeEifh rnfonfpnf;pdrurQ txifrBu;D bJ h k h k f d f S h f kd jzpfjyef ysufjyef avmu"Hudk cHEkdifaom t&nftcsif;&&Sdygonf/ a&S;uudk;uG,fMuyHk/ omoem awmfonf bkef;BuD;twGuf uy 'kujzpfaMumif;udk y,fcs okca&mufaMumif; vrf;aumif; vrf; rSefudk Tefjyay;&um; bkef;BuD;\ tm;xm; udk;uG,f&mjzpfouJhodkY ouf0if ,HkMunfrI vltrsm;\ tm;xm;udk;uG,f&mvnf;jzpfapygonf/ xdkodkY ud k ; uG , f p &maumif ; ygvsuf ,ck t cg tcsd K Uol w d k Y tjrif t m;jzih f txifrBuD;EkdifonfrSm omoema&;udk rodbJ tjyifyef;jy rvSyaom omoema&;udptcsdKUudkomMunhf a0zefrdjcif;aMumihfom jzpfyg vdrrnf/ xdowvnf; tppftrSef {uefo&ygvQif omoemawmfukd fh k l Ykd d ouf0if,HkMunfMurnfom/ rSef\-Ak'jrwfpGm vufxufawmf taetxdkiftajymtqdkrS p tjyifyef;jyuvnf; vSy? twGif;MunhfjyefvQifvnf; tppf trSefw&m;aumif;udk odMu&aomaMumihf Adrdom&r[m&mZmpaom txufwef;rif;rsm; ESihf jA[m,kygarmu aygu&omwd bk&ifcHp aom ynm&S d j A[ P wd k Y t jyif ? oD [ ppf o l B uD ; temxyd P f o l a X;paom xd y f w ef ; vl B uD ; vl a umif ; wd k Y o nf bk & m;omoemawmf u d k o m toufay; av;av;jrwfjrwf qnf;uyf udk;uG,fcJhMuonf/ m/ omoemuG,f&rnfom xdkacwfrS aemuf "rmaomu? a'0geHyD,wdpaom r[m&mZwdkYtjyif taemf&xmrif;paom jrefrmrif;tqufqufwYkd av;av;eufeuf omoemjyKcMhJ uonfrmvnf; S omoemawmf \ t&omud k trS e f t wd k i f ; od M uaomaMumih f o m jzpfygvdrhfrnf/ xdkYaMumihf omoemawmf onf ,cktcsdefwdkifatmif Ak'bmom0if vl&itrsm;\ pD;yGm;csr;f omudk aqmifvsu&ygao;onf/ S f f dS xd k r Qavmuf vl t rsm;\ pD ; yG m ;csrf ; omud k aqmif E k d i f a om omoemawmfonf "mwk y&deAmefp&rnfh tcseusvQif {uefu,&acs d H d f G f awmhrnf/ wjznf ; jznf ; tm;enf ; NyD ; rS u G , f / xd k o d k Y u G , f y &m ]omoemig;axmif jynhfaomaMumihfavm? odkYr[kwf tjcm;taMumif; aMumihf avm} [kawG;awmpOf;pm;zG,f&Sd\/ ig;axmif jynhfaomaMumihf jzpfap? tjcm;taMumif;aMumihjf zpfap? (jycJhaom "mwky&dedAmefpH&yHkudk axmufvQi) ud;k uG,rnfol xde;f odr;f apmiha&Smufrnfol r&SaomaMumihf f f h f h d

uG,fy&rnfrSmum; taotcsmyifjzpfacsonf/ udk;uG,frnfh ol r&S d j cif ; rS m vnf ; k w f w &wf w pf N yd K if e uf r&S d j cif ; rsKd ; r[k w f b J wjznf;jznf;tm;enf;&mrS aemufqHk; udk;uG,frnfholrsm; uG,faysmuf oG m ;jcif ; jzpf v d r f h r nf / Oyrm-vl o nf td k ? em wjznf ; jznf ; tm;enf;NyD;rS aoaysmufoGm;& ouJhodkYwnf;/ rsm;/ tm;enf;jcif;\taMumif;rsm xdkYaMumihf omoemawmf tm;enf ; &jcif ; \ taMumif ; rsm;ud k vuf a wG U tm;jzih f pOf ; pm;& ayvdrhfrnf/ xdkodkYpOf;pm;aomtcg ta0;udk vSrf; rpOf;pm;bJ rdrdwdkYae&m NrdKU&Gma'oudk pOf;pm;kHrQjzihf obm0ususodEkdifygvdrhfrnf/ rSef\/ ork'&ma&\ t&omudk odvdkvQif rdrdrsufjrif ork'&ma&udk aomufMunhfu ork'&mwpfpif;vHk;\ iefaomt&omudk odEkdif ouJhodkYwnf;/ xdkYaMumihfrdrdwdkYae&m omoem awmf tm;enf;&jcif;\ taMumif ; rsm;ud k pOf ; pm;aomtcg atmuf y gtaMumif ; rsm;ud k awGU&ygvdrhfrnf/ (u) omoemh0efaqmif yk*dKvfrsm;\ 0efaqmif yHk tm;enf;rI/ (c) udk;uG,folwdkYtm; vdrm,Ofaus;atmif roifjy ra[majymEkdifrI/ (*) omoemudp twkta,mifawG aygrsm;rI/ (C) wdi;f oljynfom;wdYk pD;yGm;a&; Muyfwnf;rI ESifh taysmtyg;tm;Bu;D rI? k f (i) ppfab;ppf'PfcH&rI omoemh w m0ef 2 rsKd ; / csJ U ygOD ; rnf / omoemwG i f ; *E"k&(usrf;pmoif,l ydkYcs? a[mjya&;om;rI wm0ef)/ 0dyem"k& (ur | mef ; I r I wm0ef ) / od k Y wm0ef 2 rsKd ; ud k wd k u f d k u f j zpf a p? oG,f0dkufjzpfap aqmifaerS om ]omoemh0efaqmif} [k qdkEkdifonf/ xdkodkY raqmifEkdifolum; ouFef;0wfxm;aomfvnf; udk;uG,folwdkYrSm xdy*Kd vrsm;twGuf ypn;f 4 yg; axmufyih&rI wm0efyaeaomaMumihf k k f f kd ]omoem0efpD;omjzpfonf} [k q&mwdkY rdefY awmfrlMuonf/ xdkodkY omoem0efpD;rsm;av omoemtm;enf;avjzpf omoemh0efaqmif rsm;rSom omoemawmf tm;&Sdrnfum; txl; pOf;pm;zG,frvdkawmhyg/ tdEd,rS ajymif;cJh&yHk/ xdkYjyif a&S;a&S;acwfu omoemh y wm0ef u d k aqmif c J h M uonf r S m 0d y emwm0ef a qmif w d k Y u r*f z d k v f & H k o mru psmef t bd n mOf u d k v nf ; &Muojzih f umvtm; avsmfpGm udk;uG,folrsm;\ pdwfudktm;&ESpfodrfh apEkdifcJhMuonf/ tdE,Ekiionf omoemawmf\rlvXmeBu;D jzpf\/ xdtE, jA[PwdYk d d f H k d d onf tvGeftm;&Sd olwdkYudk,fwkdif q&mvkyfaeMuonf/ bk&m; vufxufawmf Ak'omoemudk wpfcsdKUjA[PwdkYu NydKifMuao;\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/ bk&m; bk&m;} [k nnf;wGm;zdkYomaumif;ygawmhonf/ xdkodkYjzpf ae&onfhtwGufvnf; tjypfrwifomyg/ avmavmq,f touf arG;0rf;ausmif;twGuf enf;twdkif;yif oifMu&Smayvdrfhrnf/ xdkodkY oifMuonhftwGufaMumihfyif ,cktcg rsm;pGmaom bkef;awmfBuD; ausmif;awGrm ajymyavmufatmifausmif;om;rsm; &SdMuao;&JUvm;/ S (b,f olrjyK rdrdrIyJaemf...) a&S;uvdkqdkvQif rwdkufwGef;/ qufyg OD;rnf &[ef;awmf rsm;onf tvGefa&S;acwfu uJhodkY r*fzdkvf&atmif 0dyemudk oJoJrJrJ BudK;pm;aeMuygvQifvnf;aumif;? yd#uwfawmf udkcsnf; tm;&yg;& BuKd ;pm;aeMuygvQivnf;aumif;? a&S;acwfu roifjybJ vGwvwaecJh f f G f MuygvQif vnf;aumif;? uav;wdtm; avmuD ody0Zm oifjyay;Muzd&ef Yk d Yk trSefyif rwdkufwGef;vdkyg/ ,ckaomfum; jrefrmEkdifiHawmf0,f a&S;acwf up ,ckwdkifatmif uav;rsm;udk &[ef;awmfrsm;u oifjyaeMu ygvsuf oifjy&if; oifjy&if;u oifjyrI tm;r&vufvGwfjzpfMu awmhrnfukd (vufvwjf zpfomru? omoem awmfvnf; tm;enf;yHu) G kH k kd jrif&aomaMumihfom uJhodkY te0Zody0dZmudk udk,fhqdkif&ma'o NrdKifNrdKifqdkifqdkif oifjyzdkY&ef wdkufwGef;vdkygonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

odkYaomf "rmaomurif;rsm;\ acwfaumif; csdefwdkifatmifrEkdifcJhMuyg/ aemufum; omoem0ifyk*dKvfrsm;zufu wefcdk;enf;yg;vmonfhtjyif olwdkYbuf vl0wfaMumifrsm;u vdrm,Ofaus;atmif a0'usrf;wdkYudk oifjy &aohwdkYuvnf; rEmeftpGrf;jzihf wefcdk;jyum vlrsm;tay: txifBu;D apEkiaomaMumihf omoemh0efaqmif yk*Kd vrsm; wjznf;jznf; d f f tm;enf;onfxufenf;um oD[dkVfpaom EkdifiHi,frsm;odkY ajymif;a&TU oGm;cJMh u&[efwygonf/ tcsuum; ,cktcgjynfaxmifpjk refrmEkiiH l f d f awmf omoem0ifyk*dKvfrsm;tajctaeudk Munhfvnf;aumif;? bmomjcm;pmay oifMum;olwdkY tm;&SdaeyHkudk Munhfvnf;aumif; rpOf;pm;bJ raexdkufaom taMumif; wpf&yfjzpfygonf/ udk;uG,fol tusKd;r&vQif/ xdkYjyif udk;uG,fol vlwdkYtm; vdrm,Ofaus;atmif rajymEkdifrIvnf; omoemawmftm;enf;zdkY&m Bu;D pGmaomtaMumif;wpfcjk zpfygonf/ rSe\ omoem0ify*Kd vrsm;onf f k f vl0wfaMumifrsm;\ ypnf; 4 yg;udk rSD omoemh0efudk tm;& aus eyf r S o m ol w d k Y \ acR;ES J p mud k cG J a 0vS L 'gef ; vd k Muayrnf / auseyfzG,ftaMumif;rsm;rSmvnf; aeyHkxdkifyHkudk MunfndKauseyfjcif;? olwdkYtm; vdrm,Ofaus;atmif oGefoifjyo b0 aemufb0 twG u f aumif ; usKd ; csrf ; omud k & apjcif ; ? ol w d k Y \ uav;rsm;ud k wwfodvdrmapjcif;rsm;jzpfonf/ a&S;a&S;jrefrmrif;rsm; vufxufu tcsufrsm; tjynhftpHk&&SdMuom omoemudk av;pm;MunfndK udk;uG,fcJhMujcif;jzpfonf/ om;/ &S i f b k & if v nf ; bk e f ; BuD ; ausmif ; om; quf y gOD ; rnf / jrefrmEkdifiH0,f taemf&xmrif; vufxufrSp wdkif;oljynfom;ESihf omo emawmfonf vGefpGmaexm;us yPm&cJhvSay\/ oHCmawmf zufuvnf; vdrm,Ofaus; atmif a[mTefoifjyEkdifojzihfwdkif;jynf\ ,Ofaus;rItqifhtwef;onf trSefyif wdk;wufcJhay\/ wdkif;ol jynfom;wdkYuvnf; aus;Zl;wifvSojzihf omoemawmfudk tm;udk; wpfckjyKum 4 jzmaom ypnf;udk toD;oD;axmufyHhcJhMu\/ xdkuJhodkY tnrn ypn;f wyf txyfxyf aus;Zl;jyKcMhJ uonfrm jrefrmrif;rsm;\ S aemufqHk;tcsdefusatmifyif/ q&mvkyfolvnf; bkef;awmfBuD; &Sifbk&if vkyfolvnf; bkef;BuD; ausmif;om;yifjzpfcJhygonf/ Ak ' o moemh w u o d k v f jzpf a vmuf / xd k Y a emuf ppf a b; ppf'PfaMumihf Ekiionf rIrvS vufatmufcb0odYk usa&muf&awmh d f H H \/ xdkodkY a&muf&apumrl xdkacwfu bkef;awmfBuD;rsm;ESihf vlBuD; vlaumif;wdonf omoemawmf\ t&Set0g MoZmrao;atmif pDrEichJ Yk d f H dk f ygvQif (xdktcsdefu xGef;um;aom ody 0dZmwGif tjypfuif;onfhzufudk bkef;awmfBuD; rsm;vufrS rvGwf&atmif a&S;u tm;vHk; vufcHNyD; jzpfaom ]aem{u+aem} ponfudk ]udk;wpfvD+udk;} ponfjzihf jyKjyif a&S;dk; twdkif; taxmuftyHhudkvnf; vufrcHMubJ oifjycJhMuNyD;vQif aemufvnf; acwftvdkuf wdk;umwdk;um oifjyEkdifrnfqdkygrl) ,ckvdk vGwfvyfNyD;aomtcsdefrSm tajccHausmif;om; rsm;ESihfwuG ynmpHkydkYcs Ekiaom Ak'omoemhwuovBf u;D rm;rm;rwfrwfwnf&NdS y;D jzpfae &m\/ d f kd ajctae/ ,cktajctae xdkodkYwnf&SdNyD;jzpf aevQif jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEkdifiHawmfESihfAk' jrwfpGmomoemawmfonf ]twdkif;xuf tvGef wHcGefESihfbk&m;} uJhokdYurmrSm <um;Ekdifavmufatmif usufoa&udk aqmifvsuf&Sd&monf r[kwfygavm/ ,ckaomfum; jzpfEkdifavmuf aom taumif;pkudk rpDrHEkdifcJhrIaMumihf orwvkyfolvnf; bkef;BuD; ausmif;om;r[kwf/ 0efBuD;csKyfpolrsm;vnf; xdkenf;om? wpfwdkif; jynfvHk;vdkvdkyif vlBuD;vlaumif;qdkolwdkY\ om;orD;awGum; ]bk&m;

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{'if - 0if ; wif Budrfzefrsm;pGm? 'DcEmudk aemifvmb0? rawmihfwyJ IMunfhavhvm? 0dyem csdefcgrvihf? BudrfBudrfqihf IusihfyGm;rl? xdkonfholum; t,lrvGJ? *wdNrJ\/ / ocFg&tpk? y,frIjyKu Pay:vm? 0dyem todav;jzm? 'DcEmudk orkwdjy? tvif;&u odMuedAmef? {uefomy/ / rjywfIyGm;? xdkw&m;jzihf rSwfom;odaomf? taMumif;ay: ravsmfcP? r*fr&aomf b0tpGef? wrvGefwGif xl;cReftHhavmuf? ewfjynfa&mufu razmufrjyef? aomwmyefppf {uefjzpfrnf? rvpf0dyem yGm;usKd;wnf;/ / {'if - 0if ; wif

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/

25

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

26

"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/ vnf; yk*KdvfBuD;taygif;wdkYESihf csrf;ajrUpGm aeawmfrlvQuf qifjcifawmfrlonfum;0dbZ0g'0de,"&jzpfaom omoem awmftquftEG,f A[kokw? oDvorEESihf jynhpueaom yk*K vwonf ZrL'Dygajrtjyif f kH k f d f Ykd om omoemawmfudk xGef;yapaom &[ef; a,mufsm;? &[ef;rdef;rwdkYwGif rm,ma'0D\ nDrti,f qVbdnESihf jynfhpHkaom r[myZm ywd&[Emax&Dronf bk&m;ociftxH 0denf; odumyk'fudk oifusihfaqmifonf/ acrmax&f ? Oy v 0Pf a x&D ? y#mpm&D ax&D? "r'dEmax&D? aombdwax&D? 0d o mcg ax&D ? or v ax&D ? eE m ax&D ? "r y gvd a x&D ? ,aom"&max&D &[E m r wkonf r[myZmywdax&Dx 0denf;ukoif Yd H d tqifhqifh rdrdwkdY\ wynfhwkdYtm; oifMum; ykdYcs 0denf;vdrmMuukefonf/ oH C rd w m ax&D ? Ow & max&D ? aomreax&D? r[mygvax&D? t*rwmax&D? d d az*Kax&D? "r'goDax&D -okqcorQ ti,f Yd dk hJ jzpfukefaom bduKeDrwkdfYonf "rygvdax&D OyZ,fxH 0denf;? yd#uwfESifhwuG okwef? tbd"rmukdtqifhqifhoifcJh olawmfaumif; wkdY \tEG,f vdrmcJhNyD;vQif 2-aomif;aom bduK erwkEihf ZrL'DyguRe;f u a'0geHy,wd D Yd S d rif ; vuf x uf omoemawmf 237-ck w G i f ul;awmfrl tEkVma'0DtrSL;&Sdaom armif;r ig;&m? trsK;d orD; ig;&maygif;wpfaxmif &[ef; jyK 0denf;ukd a&S;OD;pGmoifaponf/ oD[kdVfuRef;0,f 0denf; &J&ifhaom "rax&D? "rygvdax&D tp&Sdukefaom &[Em bduKeDrwkdYonfif;? "r'dEmax&D tp&dSukef aom olawmfaumif; w&m;tEG,f vdrm uk e f a om 2-aomif ; aom &[E m bd u K eD r wdkYonfif;? *d&dumvax&D? 'godumvax&D? oAygoduax&D tp&daom 0denf; arGUavsmf S ukeaom2-aomif;aom &[EmbduK erwdonf f D Yk if;? y'krax&D? a[rmax&Dpaom waomif; ajcmufaxmifaom &[EmbduK eax&Dwonf D Ykd if;? ax&DbuK erwdonf rdrw\ OyZm,f d D Yk d Ykd xH 0denf;udkomvQif a&S;OD;pGmoif okwef? tbd"rmwdukd oifawmfronf/ xdax&Drwd\ Yk l k Yk wynfhtqufqufwdkYonfvnf; 0denf;udkom vQif a&S;OD;pGmoifMum; w&m;udkusihfaqmif ukeonf/ f ZrL'DyguRe;f rSmvnf; wdi;f ? cdi?f NrKd Ujy k k wd k Y bd u K eD r wd k Y o nf tES H U tjym; 0d e nf ; ? yd # uwf w d k Y u d k a&S ; OD ; pG m oif w&m;ud k usifhaqmif ukefonf/ oD&dacw&m &mrwdkif;? &aohNrdKUrSm omoemawmf 101 ck w G i f 'G w a ygif r if ; vufxufrp &[Emax&Drwdonf 0denf;udk S Yk a&S;OD;pGm oifMum; w&m;udkusihfaqmifMu ukeonf/ f ok0Pbkrdwdkif;? wvdkif; oHk;&yfwdkY aomPax&f? Ow&ax&fwdkY aygufa&muf omoemawmf jyKpkawmfrlonfrSp &[Em ax&DrwdkYonfif;? ykxkZOfax&DrwdkYonfif; 0denf;uda&S;OD;pGmoifap w&m;udusiaqmif k k fh ukeonf/ f xdkax&DbduKeDrwdkYonf tbZ0g'D jzih f ruG J r jym;w&m;ud k usih f M uuk e f o nf jzpfonf/ &[ef;a,mufsm;rax&f wdkYrSmvnf; bk&m;ocif oufawmfxif&Sm;&dSonfuyif Oygvdrax&fonf bk&m;ociftxH 0denf;udk oifc odMum;vdrmjcif;odYk a&mufvQif ykxZOf? hJ k aomwmyef? ou'g*grf? tem*grf &[Emyk*K vf d tode;f ru ydooifap bk&m;ocif y&deAmef Yk d pHNyD;onhfaemuf yXro*Fg,em wifawmfrl onf/ xdkykxkZOf? aou tp&dSaom yk*Kdvf trsm;wd k Y w G i f 'gourax&f o nf Oygvd ax&f \ o' d 0 d [ m&d u jzpf o nf / o' d 0d[m&du jzpfaom 'gourax&fonf Oygvd xHrS 0denf;? yd#uwf udk oifc ykxZOf? aou hJ k tp&d S a om wynf h w d k Y t m; yd k Y o oif M um; awmfrlonf/ xdkykxkZOf? aou tp&dSaom wynhftrsm;wdkYwGif aomeax&fonf 'gou rax&f\ o'd0d[m&du wynhfjzpfonf/ o' d 0 d [ m&d u wynh f j zpf a om aomeax&fonf 'gouax&f\ xH 0denf;? yd # uwf u d k oif c J h &S i f , orax&f w d k Y E S i h f 'kwd,o*Fg,em wifawmfrlonf/ ykxkZOf? aou tp&daom wynhrsm;wdukd ydooifMum; S f Yk Yk awmf rlonf/ xdkykxkZOf? aoutp&dSaom wynfh rsm;wdkYwGif od*0rax&fonf aomPax&f\ txH yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk oifMum; ykxkZOf? aoutp&dSaom wynhfwdkYtm; ydkYooifMum; awmfrlonf/ ykxkZOf? aoupaom wynfhrsm; wdwif arm*vywwax&fonf od*0ax&f Yk G d k d \ o'd0d[m&dujzpfonf/ o'd0d[m&dujzpf aomarm*vdykwwdonf p@0Zax&f\ txH 0denf; yd#uwfukd oifMum;cJ wwd, h

(2) rJxD;&Gmae touf 65? 0g 45? &Sifacrmpm&yk*Kdvf/ (3) vSnf;yGJBuD;&Gmae touf60? 0g 40? &SifP0& yk*Kdvf/ (4) tif;0NrdKUae touf 51? 0g 31? &SifZdemvuFm&"Z yk*Kdvf/ (5) tkef;oD;uGJ&Gmae touf 54? 0g 34? &Sifar"gyk*Kdvf/ (6) yif;, tif;em;&Gmae touf 47? 0g 27? &Siftmob yk*Kdvf/ (7) EGm;xdk;&Gmae touf 43? 0g 23? oD&drOLyk*Kdvf/ (8) ukef;&Gmae touf 33? 0g 13? 0D&d,m& r yk*Kdvf/ (9) xD;vdi&mae touf 33? 0g 13? I f G &SifvuFmom&yk*Kdvf/ a&wGufcJhorQ yk*Kdvfrsm; 0denf; ig;usrf;? ygVd? t|uxmrsm; avhvmoifMum; zl;onfjzpf a&G;aumufawmfrlvQif aemufyg toD;oD; yOi;f ? omraPaygif; oH;k usycEpyg; d f k S f wdEifh ou&mZf 1145 ck? waygif;vjynhausmf Yk S f (8)&uf wevFmaeYn oHk;csufwD;tcsdefwGif xGufcJh wefcl;vqef;(3)&ufaeY auwkrwD NrdKUodkY twGif;0efoHawmfqifhwdkY Muyfrwf a&muf v Qif if ; wef c l ; vqef ; (15)&uf a eY awmif i l b k & if owd k ; "r & mZm rif ; om;u us;D oJotrnfwiaom uke;f xdywif ausmif;&H h J G f f G ajcmuf a usmif ; ES i h f w uG aZw0ef a usmif ; awmfudk yGJvrf;obifBuD;pGmcH &[ef;wdkY toHk;taqmifrsm;pGm ya'omyifESihf tyfvSL wifawmfronf/ l if;ausmif;udk tyfvSLwifonfhaeY awmifilbk&ifrif;om;vnf; crnf;awmfuJhodkY omoemawmf ab;&efql;ajimihf&dSonfrsm;udk oefY&SifpifMu,fvdkaomaMumifh ]],Gef;aygif yk&ydkufESihf aZ,sm0kewdkif;NrdKU&H 12? aus;oD; 33? auwkrwDNrdKUwdkif;EdkifiHtwGif; oDwif;oHk; aeorQ &[ef ; oH C mwd k Y t m; omoema&;? omoemrIESihf pyforQ bk&m;ynwfawmfESihf nDatmif qHk;rMo0g'ay;awmfrlyg/ wdkif;EdkifiH twGif; oDwif;oHk;aeorQ &[ef;oHCmwdkY rydkifrEdkif w&m;udk rusihfaqmifvdkorQudk 'umawmf rif ; om;&d S y gNyD / tmPmpuf xm;ygrnf}} avQmufxm; ,Ge;f aygif;y&yduEifh k f S omoemjyK uyfvSLawmfrljyefonf/ y&roD & d 0 H o mbd " Zax&f tBuH t pnf t&S i f y &roD & d 0 H o mbd " Zrax&f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smufonf/ o*Fg,emwifawmfrlonf/ ykxkZOf? aou paomwynfhrsm;pGmwdkYudk ykdYooifMum;awmf rlonf/ xdkykxkZOf? aoupaom wynfhrsm; pGmwdwif &Sir[dErax&fonf &Siarm*vyw Yk G f f d k wdax&f\ o'd0d[m&duwynfhjzpfonf/ o'd0d[m&du jzpfaomr[dErax&fonf &Sifarm*vdykwwdax&f\ txH 0denf;? yd#uwfudk oifcJhNyD;vQif oD[dkVfuRef;odkY ul; t&d|ax&f tp&dSaom rax&fwdkYtm; 0denf;? yd#uwfawmfwdkYudk oifMum;awmfrlonf/ xdkt&d|ax&fu qif;ouf wd 'wax&f? umVokreax&f? 'DCokreax&f? ykea'0ax&f? Ak'&uwax&f? wdax&f? a'0 d ax&f? Oywdax&f? zka'0ax&f? r[m y'krax&f? r[mod0ax&f? Oygvdax&f? r[m em*ax&f ? tb,ax&f paom &[E m taygif ; wd k Y o nf rif ; tquf q uf ? wynf h tqufquf yd#uwf(3)yHkudk EIwfwuftm*Hk aqmif ydkYooifMum;ukefonf/ tcgwyg; apm&em*rif;vufxuf 12 ES p f y wf v H k ; rd k ; acgif omoemawmf a&G U avsmaomf wd ax&f w ynh f j zpf a om okreax&fonf omoemawmfukd apmifa&Smuf h vd k a omaMumif h Zr L 'd y f u Ref ; od k Y ul ; oG m ; yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk oifMum;aqmif&Guf cJhNyD;rS wzefjyef oD[Vf uRe;f wGif wynfom;wdtm; kd h Yk ydkYooifMum; awmfrl onf/ oD [ d k V f u Ref ; wG i f ol a wmf a umif ; tEG , f w nf j yef o jzih f 0d e nf ; vd r m aom plVmb, ax&f? wdax&f? plVa'0ax&f? od0ax&f &[EmjrwfwdkYonf tpOfojzihf wdmEkodwdkYtm; ydkYooifMum; aomuf I ; Mu,f u J h o d k Y omoemawmf u d k xG e f ; yap ukeonf/ f ZrL'dyfuRef;rSmrlum; arm*vdykw wd ax&f omoemjyKapvT w f t yf a om uoD&? *Em&wdkif; rZEduax&f? r[d Howdkif; r[ma&0wax&f? e00godwdkif; &udwax&f? ty&E w d k i f ; a,meu"r & u d w ax&f ? r[m&|wdkif; r[m"r&udwax&f? [dr0Em t&yf rZdrax&f? ok0Pbkrdwkdif; aomP ax&f- &[EmwkdYukdapvTwfawmfrlonf/ xkdapvTwforQ rax&f? &[Emjrwf wkdY onf xkdxkda'o? wkdif;? NrdKUjywkdY wynfh tqufquf? q&mtqufquf yd#uwfo;Hk ykudk H ykdYooifMum; aevuJhokdY xGef;yapojzifh tbZ0g'csnf; jzpfonf/ okdYjyqkda&wGufcJh aom bduK &[Em? bduK yxZOf? bduK e&[Em? k k D bduKeDykxkZOf (2)oG,f? (2)&yf Obawm oHCmwkdYonf tbZ0g' 0de,0g'Dcsnf;jzpf omoemawmf ya0PDtqufquf ax&0g' rysuf xdef;odrf;apmihfa&SmufMuNyD;onhfaemuf omoemawmf \ tnpf t aMu;ab;&ef ql;ajimifh jzpf "r0g'Dtm;enf;cJhojzihf t"r 0g'Dtm;BuD;vQif omoemawmf wdrfjrKyf omoemawmf tESpwpf&mtwGi;f 0Zwi;f om; f D kd &[ef;wdkYonf bk&m;w&m;awmfudk zsuf wynhftoGif taqmifta,mif? trlt&m? wpfpwwpfa'oomwlap r[mo*w*P;f d f d kd jyKaeuk e f o uJ h o d k Y aygu H & mrjynf vnf ; t&nf;Bu;D &[ef;a,mifwYkd &dae&mwGif ok0P S bkrdwdkif; aomPax&f? Ow&ax&fwdkY tEG,f tqufquf &SiovAk'd wynhaygu&mrjynf f D f H aemf&xmapmrif;vufxuf &Sift&[Hrax&f omoemjyK <uvmax&0g' tEG,ftquf/ yef;,jynfwpD;&Sio[ol vufxuf f D &[EmaxG;[k orkwfMuaom a0omvDjynf &[E m &S i f r [d E y gvax&f \ o'd 0 d [ m&d u &Sif'dApufax&f omoemjyKax&0g' tEG,f tquf/ tif;0 rdk;if;rif;w&m;vufxuf oD [ d k V f r [m0d [ m&0goD * d k P f ; oD & d o ' r m vuF m & rax&f ? oD [ Vr[mom rd a x&f ESpfyg;wdkY\ tEG,ftquf/ xlygHk'g,um rif;w&m;vufxuf 'kwd,qy' &Sif"rauwk tEG,ftquf/ awmifwGif; &SifoDv0Hoax&f wdkY\ tEG,tquf/ f awmifilrif;BuD;dk r[moD&d aZ,s ol & vuf x uf 853 ck w G i f oD [ d k V f r[m0d[m&0goD 'd0gu&rax&f\ tEG,f tquf/ ax&0g' ruGJrjym;jzpf&dSNyD;vQif a&Teef;aMumhf&Sif e&ywdvufxuf 888-ckwGif tif;0 wdrf;,drf;ysufpD;jyefvQif &mrnwdkif; "rapwDrif;w&m;vufxuf 817-ckwif oD[Vf G kd r[m0d [ m&0goD tEG , f t quf ok 0 P aombPrax&f o'd0d[m&du wynfhwdkYESihf twl ax&0g'ruG J r jym; uH B uD ; ? uH i ,f aqmifMuNyD;onfhaemuf rif;&SpfqufajrmufrQ &mrnwdkif; wvdkif;oHk;&yfudk csKyftkyfpD&if a&TGeef;pHaom rif;w&m;a&TxD;onf ou&mZf 910- ckwGif ty&Ewdkif; ,dk',m;jynfudk wduzsuor;f ,lc&mwGif oD[Vjf ynfu tvZD k f f d hJ kd &[ef; tEG,ftquf 'kuk#fwif&ifpnf;&[ef;

27

[Hom0wDNrKd UodYk a&mufvQif ax&0g' &[ef;wdYk ESifh raygif;r,Suf *dkPf;zGJU aeavonfESihf t"r0g'Day:&djS yefavonf/ ou&mZf 960-ckwif [Hom0wDjynf G ysup;D jyefavaomf oabFmom; bk&if*suvm; f D k ipifum oHvsifjrdKUuae 12-ESpf ou&mZf 972 -ckEpwif rdpm'd|t,ljk zifh wvdi;f oH;k &yfwYkd S f kd d k udk tkycsKyp&if aeonf/ xdwi;f EkiitwGi;f f f D k kd d f H &Saom vl&[ef;wdvnf; if;tmPmudk aMumuf d Yk &GUH aomaMumifh xifxifay:ay: rvIrwef;0h&MdS u H onftcduo[VuRe;f u tvZ&[ef; OD;acgif; k f D kd f D wifaygufa&mufvmojzifh ipifumESifhtxyf oifhusifh t&ufaomufjcif;? a&maESmjcif; &SdaomaMumifh ]]igwdkYESifh bmomwlonfvnf; jzpfonf? igwdkYuJhodkYaumif;pGm vkyfaqmif aqmif;vdkvQifaqmif;}} [kqdk zJuwDygudk ay;&m ukvm;ipifumtvdkodkY vdkufOD;acgif; wif tvZ&[ef;wdonf bk&if*sO;D xkyaqmif; D Yk D f jyK worwfwnf; aqmif;&onf/ xdkodkY aqmif ; &mwG i f r S &[ef ; oH C mwd k Y xif x if ay:ay: tvIcH0hHacsonf/ xdkup OD;xkyfaqmif;*dkPf;tEG,f tmp&d,0g' ay:jyefavaomf "r0g'Daysmuf t"r0g'Dom xGef;y 12-ESpfwdkifatmifyif &Sd onfESifh ou&mZf 1050-jynfh &rnf;oif;rif; w&m;BuD;vufxuf awmifil&Sif0dpdwmvuFm& yk*dKvfonf a0omvDjynf 0ZDwdkif;om; &[ef; wdkY tESpfwpf&mwGif tvZD t"rjyKonfwdkYudk &Sif,o ESdrfeif; w&m;udkjyouJhodkY w&m;&Sd wdkif; az:jy&vQif ijrm?armifb?arm*vmef?i&Hh td?k rd;k aumif;? wbufq?JG a&rde?f uifye;f awmif? G wk&m paom yk*Kd vwEihf pmayqnf;uyfMu&m H G f Ykd S 0,f pkrMd uojzifh w&m;aqG;aEG;ar;jref;Muaomf 0wfjcif;? kHjcif; ponf o'e,? twe, awmf oifh? roifh usrf;vmawGUaMumif;udk jyqd k v d k u f z l ; onf E S i f h pmayqnf ; uyf & m t&yfu toD;toD; &yf&GmodkY jyefavonf aemuf rdrdwdkUae&yf&Gm awmifil &Sif0dpdwm vuFm&xH w&m;usrf;*ef &Sdwdkif; usifhaqmif vdkaomaMumifh vma&mufMujyefvQif ESpf0g oHk;0gae aqG;aEG;ar;jref;Muonf/ xdy*Kd vwvnf; usr;f *ef odjrifjcif; k k f Ykd jzpf oabmuseojzifh w&m;usrf;*efvm&Sd wd k i f ; yXro*F g ,emwif a om t&S i f r [m uy paom rax&f t &S i f j rwf w d k Y \ ax&0g' rysuf aocd, y&dr@v oky#dpE od u m yk ' f ? yd @ pm&d u 0wf tp&S d o nf u d k &yf&GmodkYjyef usifh aqmifapMuukefonf/ pmrsuf E S m 29 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

28

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;udk jyqkdonf/ rdom;pktjzpfukdod&Sdawmhonf/ odMum;rif; onf rD;oN*K[fonfhae&mokdYqif;oufvmNyD; tjzpf tysufukdar;jref;onf/ ykPm;BuD;u vnf; taMumif;pkHajymjyonf/ ]]tvG e f c spf j rwf E k d ; &wJ h o m;jzpf y g vsuf tb,f a Mumif h y l a qG ; ik d a <u;jcif ; rjzpfygovJ}} odMum;rif;u ykPm;BuD;tm; yxrOD;pGmar;jref;onf/ ]]ighom;onfa>rrsm; ta&cG H v J o uJ h o k d Y rd r d u k d , f u k d p G e f Y o G m ;cJ h N yD ? touf r &S d a wmh a om cE m a[mif ; onf rd o m;pk r sm;ik d a <u;rI u k d o d E k d i f r nf r[k w f ? okdYaMumifh igrikdjcif;jzpfayw,f}} [k ykPm; BuD;u ajzqkdonf/ rdcifjzpfolykaP;rBuD;ukd qufvuf ar;jref;aomtcg ]]ig\om;onf igwkurac: Yd bJEivmcJonf? jyefcsewivnf;igwkucGirjyK S hf h d f G f Yd hf bJ jyefvnfxGufcGmoGm;onfukdikda<u;jcif;jzifh tusKd;rxl;Ekdif}} ykaP;rBuD;ujyefvnfajymqkd onf/ xkdtwl ESrjzpfoluvnf; ]]aoqkH;ol twGuf ika<u;jcif;jzifh rdrrmomBuKvyifyef;kH d d S H DS om &Sdrnf? ikda<u;rIonft"dym,fr&Sdyg}}[k jyefvnf wkefYjyefvkdufonf/ aool\ZeD;jzpfoluvnf; ]]aoqkH; ol twG u f i k d a <u;jcif ; onf aumif ; uif u vjynf h 0 ef ; uk d vuf q ef Y a wmif ; cH a eaom uav;i,fESifh rjcm;yg? xkdYaMumifhrikda<u;yg}} [kajymqkdonf/ aemufqkH; uRefrjzpfoltm; od M um;rif ; u quf v uf a r;jref ; aomtcg ]]uGJNyD;om;a&tkd;ukd taumif;jzpf&ef jyef quf p yf r &Ek d i f a wmh y g? aool t wG u f ikda<u;jcif;onfvnf;rxl;jcm;yg}} [k tajz ay;avonf/ ykPm;BuD;rdom;pkajymaompum;wkdY ukd Mum;&aom odMum;rif;onfrsm;pGmESpfouf auseyfaomaMumifh ]] oifwonf r&PmEk Ydk wdukdquf quf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfMuyg? ,aeYrSp rnfonfhtrIudp? tvkyfudpukdrQ rjyKMuygukefvifh? oifwkdYtdrf &wemckESpfyg; jzifh jynfhESufaprnf? tvSLay; OykofoDv aqmufwnfMuukefavmh}} [kajymqkdqkH;rNyD; xGufcGmoGm;avonf/ xkdZmwfawmfwGif ykPm;BuD;rdom;pk onf cEmig;yg;\qif;&J'kuESifh rwnfNrJrIukd ]r&PmEkwdw&m;} jzifh yGm;rsm;qifjcifEkdif aMumif;xif&m;onf/ xkym;rsm;aom w&m;*kPf S d G aMumifh odMum;rif;u rpcs;D jriNhf y;D &wemckEpyg; S f &&SdaomtusKd;aus;Zl;ukdcHpm;&avonf/ ]]y#mpm&D 0w K om"u}} jrwfpmbk&m;aZw0ef ausmif;awmf G oD w if ; ok H ; aepOf ]y#mpm&D } trnf & S d a om trsKd ; orD ; onf trd ? tb? armif ? vif a,musfm;? om;ESpfa,mufwkdY aoqkH;&jcif; aMumif h cE m uk d , f t0wf r uyf E k d i f ? l;oGyfaeNyD; jrwfpGmbk&m; xHarSmufa&muf&Sd vm&mwGif jrwfpGmbk&m;u]] cspforD; y#mpm&D.. aorif;ESdyfpufonf&Sd aomf.. rdb? armifzGm;? vifom;? aqGrsKd; ukd;uG,f&mr&Sd? rdrduHMurmtwkdif;omoGm;Mu& rnfomjzpfayonf }} [kreMYf um;awmfrvu&m d l dk f y#mpm&D o nf aomwmyef w nf N yD ; aemuf &[ef;rjzpfoGm;cJhonf/ O',A,ur|mef;jzifh qufvuf qif j cif t m;xk w f v d k u f & m y#d o rd ' gyw &[E m rjzpf N yD ; vQif 0d e nf ; "k d & f t &mwG i f {w*'f b G J U xl ; yif & &S d c J h a vonf / y#mpm&D u k d taMumif;jyK ]]a,mp 0owHZDa0? tyH O',A,H/ {um[HZD0dwHaoa,sm? yawmO',A,H/ tMuifyk*Kdvfonfum; cEmig;yg;? kyfemrf w&m;wk d Y \ jzpf j cif ; ysuf j cif ; O',A , oabmuk d 0d y emPf y nmrsuf p d j zif h rodjrifbJESpfaygif; wpf&mumvMumatmif tu,f touf & S i f j im;th H ? xk d y k * K d v f \ touf&ijf cif;um;rjrwfay/ tMuify*Kd vonf S k f um; cEmig;yg;? kyfemrfw&m; wkdY\ jzpfjcif; ysufjcif; O',A,oabmukd 0dyemPf ynmrsufpdjzifhodjrif\/ xkdyk*dvf\ wpfaeY wpf&uf wpfeeufrQ touf&i&jcif;onfum; H S f omvGef rGejf rwfvay\/}} [ljrwfpmbk&m; S G a[mMum; awmfrlcJhygonf/ cEmig;yg;tay: tedp? 'ku? tew vumPma&;ok;H wefwif ]r&PmEk wd } w&m;uk d usif h u mraoG ? tm;xkwfEkdifMuygap ukefownf;/ [def;rif;xuf(pdefuefYvefY)

29

pmrsuf E S m 27 rS wH&mae yk*Kd vwpfyg;aom *wdrrSef k G f tmp&d,0g'[l a0omvDjynf 0ZDwdkif;om; usrf ; ud k ; -0H o 'D y eD u srf ; &[ef;wdkYuJhodkY bk&m;w&m;awmfudk wpdwf wa'o tvdk&Sd&m,l toGiftjyif uGJjym; jyKpk o l = rJ x D ; q&mawmf atmif usifhaqmifavolESifh tmp&d,0g' rysuf tEG,tquf wynfjh zpfaom ou&mZf f 1115- ckESpf tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;vufxuf twkv ,oyk*Kd vonf &mZoHo| &mZ0vb f oHC&mZmjzpf 0denf;ig;usr;f ? ygVd? tXuxm? #Dum rvmr&S-tmp&d, 0g't,ljzifh *dP;f oD; d k *d k P f ; jcm; r&S d a pbJ 'k u k # f w if & if p nf ; w0wnf ; jzpf o nf u d k ou & mZf 1145-ck

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

30

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31

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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"r0D&onf avmuzGHY NzdK;pnfyifa&;twGuf jzpfonf/ Oygodumr ig;&mwduvnf; ]]nDrwdYk ,ck igwdYk Yk kd udk vkyBf uorsm;ESiwuG rif;Bu;D uda&m ow0g H l fh k teEwdkYudkyg arwmbm0emyGm;rsm;Mu[k qHk;r pum;ajymMum; arwmydovsuEiyif rD;avmif Yk f S hf aoqHk;oGm;&&Smonf/ pdwxm;,kwnol rm*@Drm rdrtBuH f f hH S d atmifNyD[k 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omvsuf &Sdae\/ rMumygacs rif;BuD;u tjzpfrSefukd od&SdNyD;aom tcg rm*@DEiwuG Bu&mygaqGrsKd ;wpfouukd S fh H kd f qkawmfvmbfawmfrsm; csD;jrihfrnf[k &mZy&d ,m,fjzihf eef;awmfoYkd ac:,lconf/ a&mufvm hJ aomtcg cg;xdeufonhfwGif;rsm;udk udk,fwkdif wl;apum wGif;rsm;twGif; jrKyfESHNyD; tay:rSm aumufdk;tkyf rD;dIUowfaponf/ rD;avmifNyD; raor&Sif usef&pfaeolrsm;tm; x,fjzihfxdk; owfaponf/ ]]&[ef ; rsm;u jrwf p G m bk & m;ud k ar;avQmuf j cif ; }} jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;obif &[ef;rsm;u omrm0wDESifhwuG Oygodumr ig;&mwdkYonf arwmw&m;BuD;rm;NyD; oDvESihf jynhpygvsuf tb,ftaMumif;aMumihf uJoYkd f kH h cH&ygoenf;? xdow\ vm;&m*wdum; tb,f k l Ykd ygenf;[k jrwfpmbk&m;tm; ar;avQmufMuonf/ G jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]]cspfom;&[ef;wdkYomrm0wDESifhwuG ig;&mukefaom Oygodumr wdonf tedrq;kH aomwmyefrsm;jzpfjcif;aMumihf Yk hf r*fzvukd rsuarSmufjyKNy;D jzpfonf/ xdOygodum kd f f k r ig;&mwdkYonf ,ckb0om rD;avmifaoqHk; &onfr[kwfao;? vGefavNyD;aom b0rsm;pGm rSmvnf; rdrdaetdrfudk rD;avmif aoqHk;cJh& onfjzpfaMumif;/ ]]twd w f u d k aqmif a wmf r l j cif ; }} a&S;vGefavNyD;aomtcg Am&mPoD jynf jA['wfrif;Bu;D rif;jyKpOf rif;Bu;D \ eef; awmf &Spyg;aom yapuAk'g t&Sijf rwfwonf f Ykd tNrJ r jywf qG r f ; bk O f ; ay;awmf r l M uuk e f \ / xdk&Spfyg;aom yapuAk'gwkdYwGif ckESpfyg;aom yapu Ak'g wdonf qGr;f bkO;f ay;tNy;D [dr0Em Yk odkY <uawmfrlukef\/ wpfyg;aom yapuAk'g onf jrpfurf;em;&Sd csKH ywwpfctwGi;f eda&m" k f k ormywf0ifpm;um oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ wpfaeYaomtcg rif;Bu;D onf ig;&m ukefaom eef;wGif;olwdkYESihftwl jrpfqdyf a&upm;Muukef\/ a&upm;NyD; ukef;odkYwufaomf csrf; at; rD;vIHvdkMuukef\/ jrufcsKHudkjrif jruf pmrsuf E S m 37 ok d Y

b0aygi;f wpf&m rD;avmifc&ol H

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1310 jynhfESpf? awmfovif;vjynhf aeYwif OoQpyifNrKd U? trSwf 11&yfuu?f okcwm G f G d &mr y&d,wdpmoifwdkuf\ y"meem,u q&mawmf b'Eaum0d'u &yfuuol &yfuuf G f G om;rsm;tm; OykofoDv csD;jrihf? w&m;a'oem a[mMum;awmfronf/ Ny;D aemuf odrtwGi;f odYk l f jyef<uoGm;onf/ pma&;olwdkYvlodkufonf rdrdwdkYod&Sd em;vnfxm;aom w&m;a'oemrsm;udk aqG;aEG; Muonf/ xdktcsdefwGif touf 35 ESpfcefY&Sd csi;f wdi;f &if;om; qvdi;f armifarmifu rdru,ukd k k d kd f rdwqufNy;D rdronf ocGwwef;&GmrSmaeaMumif; f d f odvdkonhftaMumif;t&mwpfckudk ar;jref;vdk aMumif; cGiawmif;onf/ vlBu;D rsm;u odv&m fh kd udk ar;jref;EdkifaMumif; cGihfjyKMuonf/ xdktcg qvdkif;armifarmifu vGefcJh aom 6 ESpfcefYu q&mawmfBuD;wpfyg;u omrm0wDrdzk&m;BuD;onf a&S;0#fa<u;aMumihf rD;avmifcH aoqH;k &aMumif;? ,if;\twdw0#f f a<u;udk odyg&ap[k awmif;qdkvmygonf/ ]]0#f a <u;ruif ; rD ; avmif w d k u f rS m ao&jcif ; }} xdtcg pma&;olu usevBl u;D rsm;udk k f cGifhawmif;NyD;....]]'DvkduGJU armifarmif&JU? omrm0wDEih f Oygodumrig;&m eef;jymom'ftwGi;f S rSm rD;dUI towfc&jcif;[m twdwb0 0#fa<u; H f aMumifhjzpfw,f/ ow0gwkdif; 0#fa<u;Murmyg vmcJh&if ork'&matmufrSmjzpfap? rdk;aumif; uifay:rSm wufaeonfjzpfap? aojcif;rS

rvGwfajrmufEdkifyg/ xdkYbk&m;&Sifvufxufawmfu aum orDjynhf&SifjzpfwJh Oawerif;rSm t"du rdzk&m; BuD;oHk;yg;&Sdw,f/ yxrrdzk&m;rSm aCmou olaX;BuD;\ arG;pm;orD; omrm0wDjzpfw,f/ omrm0wD\ kyqif;t*FgvuPmrSm ZrL&mZf f od* e&eD*D0g r[mavSum;yGihftqif;uJhodkY 0g0if;aomtqif;&Sw,f/ ewforD;wrQ acsmarm d vSyw,f/ tmcHwi;f ESihf ud,teHonf MumndK G k f Y yef;uJhodkY arT;BudKifw,f/ Oawerif;BuD;u omrm0wDrdzk&m;tm; ,Ofaus;odrfarGUaom tvkyftauR;trsdK;orD;ig;&m ay;xm;w,f/ aemufrdzk&m;wpfyg;rSm ukkwdkif; rm*@DykPm; BuD;\orD; rm*@Dtrnf&Sd rdzk&m;jzpfw,f/ aemufqHk;rdzk&m;rSm OaZeDjynf p@yaZwrif; \ orD; 0gokv'wtrnf&Sd rdzk&m;jzpfw,f/ xdkrdzk&m;oHk;a,mufteufrS rdpm'd|d t,l&Sdaom rm*@Du rdrdtrsufodkxm;aom jrwfpmbk&m;&SiEifh wynhom;oHCmawmfrsm;udk G f S f omrm0wDu eef;wGi;f odyifNh y;D qGr;f uyfvLS onf Yk udk rIqdwf rESpfNrdKUEdkif jzpfaeav\/ odkYjzpf qGr;f vkyauR;aom omrm0wD ysup;D &m ysup;D f f f aMumif;udk rif;BuD;tm; trsdK;rsdK; ukef;acsm owf y pf & ef BuH p nf c J h o nf / od k Y a omf v nf ; ratmifjrifcJhacs/ aemufqHk;wGif omrm0wDrdzk&m;ESihf taygif;tygwdtm; eef;jymom'ftwGi;f rD;wduf Yk k owfypfav\/ omrm0wDu rD;avmifc&aepOf H &wemoHk;yg;udk tmHkjyK&Sdcdk;NyD; tvkyftauR;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onfvlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

35

rNyD;ao;aom yef;csDum;
axG ; armif tm;xkwvQif b0vGwajrmufEiwtcgaumif; f f kd f hJ eJ Y B uH K vd k Y uH x l ; &jyef w ,f / tNrd K uf w &m; a[mMum;rnhovnf; r&Sm;vdYk uHx;l &jyefw,f/ f l Ak'bmomqdwm y&d,w?d nmwy&d k ,meJY rNy;D bl;? pmodukd cEmt&SeYJ udunEiwhJ d k f d kd f y#dywdusihfpOfeJYtnD usihfoGm;vQif w&m;u aqmifoGm;rnhf y#da0"odzdkYvnf; ta&;BuD;wJh twGuf omoemoH;k &yfuozYkd usizYkd vkygw,f/ kd d fh d ur m h A k ' b momtzG J U csKyf nD v mcH B uD ; rS q&mawmfO;D ao|dvrax&fBu;D u What Buddhism means to a Bhuddist Ak'"rqwm Ak' kd bmom0ifawGtwGuf bmudkqdkvdkovJqdkwJh acgif;pOfea[mwke;f u Ak'bmom[m u,fwif YJ jcif;0g'r[kwfbl;/ 'g[m vlwdkY&JU b0aeenf;
The Dhamma is not a religion but away of life qdkNyD; 1954 ck urmhAk'bmom wwd,

vlwdkY\b0 wdk;wufajymif;vJrIjzpf pOfawGukd a&G;cs,xm;wJh yef;csum;csywpfcsyf f D f vdk wifpm;Ny;D IjrifMuygpd../ yef;csqwm aq; Yk D kd a&;yef;csD&Sdovdk a&aq;yef;csDum;rsm;vnf; &Sdygw,f/ b,fum;csyfudkyJjzpfjzpf ta0;u MunhfrSomvQif yef;csDum;onf yDjyifokyfay: Edkifygw,f/ a&aq;yJjzpfjzpf? qDaq;yJjzpfjzpf? teD;uyfMunhvQif jAKwxaeNy;D kyxifay:rnf f f f r[kwygbl;/ f xdkYtwlyJ vlawG&&Sdxm;xJhb0udk teD;uyfMunhfvQif tdk;oHk;&m? om;wpfudk;&m? taMumudk;&m? ta&xl ta&yg; zHk;xyfxm;vdkY rodEiMf uygbl;/ tokbaumifBu;D qdwm rjrif kd k Edkifygbl;/ ]]tdk;wdkifvdkpD? taMumywfcgcsnf? tom;eDe?D rHumxm;? tjyifuta&yg;tkyum f xm;wJh ky*a'gif? 32 aumifawmif? vSovdvkd f kd k xifaeMu? olvnf;tokb? ud,vnf; tokb} k f wJ/ tokbyef;csum;Bu;D udk y#dporkyg 'fw&m; h D BuD ; eJ Y rMunh f o b,f o l r S v S v matmif a&;cs,fEdkifrSm r[kwfygbl;/ vlYb0qdkawmh awmfNyDwefNyDvdkY jynhfpHkwJhb0&,fvdkY jynhfpHkwJh ol&,fvdkY b,folrSr&Sdygbl;/ ]&avvdkav tdkwap} awGygyJ/ [dk[mvdkvdkY yef;csDaq; rajcmufrD &wmrvdk vdkwmr&vdkY jynhfvkduf& jyefw,f/ ydkvdkY zsufypf&wmqdkwm r&Sdygbl;/ avmbwPSmaMumihf yef;csDum;BuD;[m NyD;Edkif

w,f r &S d / vd k & if ; jznh f & if ; eJ Y aq;rajcmuf tvdjk ynhvYkd aowJromqdwm r&Sygbl;/ Nr;D pm;&Sif f h k d Debit Credit pm&if;oGi;&if; Transaction awG f om rsm;ayr,hf tIH;tjrwfpm&if;? Profit and Loss A/C Ny;qH;atmif rqGEirD tprf;&Si;wrf; D k J kd f f Trail balance pm&if;ydwNf y; tedpa&mufMuol D awG rsm;ygw,f/ vlYb0 vljzpfzdkY&m ]]o'rom0eH? twd'kvbH}} tvGef&cJwJh 'kvbw&m;BuD;vdkY bk&m;&Sia[mcJw,f/ xdxrm rEkwbma0g f h k J S 'kvabmqdawmh vlb0 tvGe&cJw,fa[hw/ k Y f hJ bk&m;&Siu Oyrmay;xm;yHMk unhyg/ r[mork' f f &mxJukd EGm;wHy;kd tusKd ;Bu;D wpfacsmif;[mvnf; taygufwpfaygufom&SNd y;D awmifavvmajrmuf? ajrmufavvmawmif arsmaewm? rykyfraqG; ao;vQif vdyfuef;BuD;uvnf; tESpf (100) MumrS wpfBudrfa&ay:udk toufSLzdkYwufvm wJtcsef vQKd rzqwm tvGetvGecufayr,hf h d d Ykd kd Yf f vQd K rd E d k i f z G , f & S d a o;w,f w J h ? vl Y b 0qd k w m xdvyuef;eJY wHy;kd usKd ;vdYk vQKd rwmxuf cufao; k d f d wJh &cJvSwJhb0BuD;vdkY &Sifawmfbk&m;a[mMum; cJhawmh vlYb0&w,fqdkwm r[muHxl;&Sifrsm; [k owfrwEiygw,f/ xdyxuf xl;jcm;wmu S f kd f k Ak'bmom0if rdom;pkwpfa,mufjzpfNy;D ,ckvkd omoemwGif;umvwGif vljzpf&w,fqdkawmh ou&mZf 3000 wGif 0drw,*umv? 0dyem k d k

nDvmcHrm &Si;f vif;cJw,f/ &efueNf rKd Uu w&m; S h k Hk;csKyf Ak'bmomtoif;rSmvnf; q&mawmf Bu;D u What Buddism means to a Bhuddist Ak'bmom0ifawGtwGuf Ak'"rqdkwm bmvJ qdkwJh acgif;pOfeJY a[mMum;wkef;uvnf; But
to him on to her Bhuddism is a practical method of life qdkNyD; xnhfajymcJhw,f/ to show how to life rightly there by happily and peacefully qdkNyD; aqmufwnf&mrJhjzpfae

wJh avmuBuD;xJrSm pdwfcsrf;ompGm ajzmihf ajzmifhrwfrwf b,fvdkoGm;ae&r,fqdkwJh b0 aeenf;udjk ywm Ak'&UJ "rjzpfygw,f/ q&mawmf BuD; auoD&deEmu ]]igwdkYonf temr&SdbJ aeMuukeftHh? igwdkYonf avmb&SdolwdkYtv,f avmbwPSmuif;vsuf aysm&ipm aeMuukef f T f G tHh}} wJh/ Let us life happily and free from
aliment let us life happily and be free from greed, among those who are greedy.

r*i&pyg;w&m;qdwm Ak'bmom0if f S f k wdkYudk b0aeenf;wifr[kwfygbl;/ vlrsdK;ra&G; bmomra&G; aeenf;twdkif; aexdkifusifhBuH tm;xkwfoGm;r,fqdk&if 'kucyfodrf; uif;Nidrf; &mtrSef jrwfedAmefudk a&mufrSmjzpfygw,f/ r*ifw&m;onf rdrdudk,fudk u,fwifEdkifwJh w&m;tvkyfpOfjzpfygw,f/ Ak'0g'u tacsmif orm;rsm;twGuf ae&mr&Sdyg? ,HkMunfrIo'g tjynhfeJY ,HkMunfwJhtwdkif; udk,fwdkifusihfBuH

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

36

"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ bk&m;&SifwdkY yGifhay:jcif;onf tEykxkZOf tl; uef;b0rS plVykxZOf wpfb0 tyg,fvwa&;? k G f xdkrSwpfqihf r[maomwmyef? 'd|djyKwfawmh tyg,fuvGwfNyDayhg/ tjrwftenf;i,f xGuf ygNyD/ ou'g*grf? tem*grf? &[EmwdkifwnfrS aemifb0cEmr&awmh a&;vufpyef;csum;Bu;D D Ny;D qH;k oGm;Ny?D jynfz;kH um;csvuwm ky&iMf unhf dk f f S aeolrsm;tm; ]]Zmwfum;rNy;D rcsi;f Zmwfaumif awG Iyf&Sufcwfaeaomfvnf; aemufqHk;Zmwf k aygif;awmh The End Ny;D ygNyD qdwhJ pmwef;vnf; xd;k vduyga&m ydwjf zLBu;D ay:vmrS Zmwfaumif k f rsm; aysmufovdk aemifcEmr&awmh vlYb0? vlYyef;csDum;BuD; jynfzHk;um;csoGm;wmygyJ/ bk&m;&Sifu xdkuJhodkY yef;csDum;BuD; jynfz;kH um;csom;aom &[ef;wpfyg;taMumif; G a[mcJyukd twk,Nl y;D usipOfetwl usiEi&ef h kH fh YJ fh kd f wifjyygOD;rnf/ bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmfjrwfBuD; vufxufu tZdqdkwJh &[ef;u &mZN*dK[f jynf? aCmodwmHkausmif;rSm vlrrmtjzpf oDwif;oH;k aew,f/ ]]iguGm bk&m;&Siu,awmf f kd f jrwfBuD;udk &Sdcdk;vdkufygw,f? rrmaewJhtwGuf ud,wirvmEdiaMumif; rif;wdwqihf avQmuf k f kd f k f Yk vTmwifMuuGm}} qdNk y;D oDwif;oH;k azmf &[ef;rsm; ud k vT w f v d k u f w ,f / bk & m;&S i f w d k Y r nf o nf vlrrmar;&r,hfwm0ef tcgcyfodrf;&Sdaeawmh vlrrmxH ud,wi<f uvmw,f/ ]]rif;aeraumif; k f dk aewm a&m*gtajctae ajymygOD ; uG m }} qdkawmh &[ef;av;u ]]t&Sifbk&m; wynhf awmf a&m*g aemufrqkwfbl;bk&m;? a&SUudkom wdk;NrJwdk;aew,fbk&m;}} qdkNyD;avQmufawmh aocgeD;a0'em&Sifudk bk&m;wdkYrnfonf ]]rif; oDvysufwmrsm; &Sdovm;? wjcm;ESvHk;rom ,mjzpfrIawGrsm; &Sdovm;}} vdkY ar;awmh oDv rysufaMumif;? ESvHk;romr,mjzpfwmuawmh bk & m; wynh f a wmf [ m ,cif u orxud k tm;xkwfcJhaMumif;? ,ckvdk a&m*ga0'emcHpm; ae&Nyq&if a0'emudk orxeJY wkuxwvuf D kd d f k f kd &if udpNyD;oGm;aMumif;? ,ckawmh tmemyge vkyfvdkYr&wJhtwGuf ur|mef; vufvTwfayhg bk&m;}} qdNk y;D ud,ukd pGyprygw,fvYkd avQmuf k f f JG d w,f/ bk & m;&S i f u d k , f a wmf j rwf B uD ; u ]]cspfom;wJh? ,ciftm;xkwfwm tmemyge? ,ck aocgeD;a0'ema&mufvmawmh zrf;vdkY r&awmhbl;qdkawmh tmemygeu orxuG? tmemyge[m tESpom&&Sww&m;vdYk igra[m f d hJ bl;/ &[ef;wdtwGuf tjrwfq;kH tvkyvvnf; Yk f Ykd igra[mbl;}} vdkY ajymvdkufawmh olvdkaewm bk & m;ujznh f a y;vd k u f a wmh igh r S m u,f r ,h f ,lr,fw&m; vrf;qH;k w&m;&Sygao;ovm;qdNk y;D h d tZdu tumeJYtESpf cGJjcm;odvkdufawmh tm;wufom;w,f/ tmemyge vH;k vH;k toH;k rus G bl;vdYk ajymwm r[kwb;l aemf/ 'Dae&mrSm bk&m; f &Sifa[mwmudk owd&SdzdkY vdkygw,f/ tmemyge u tumyJuG? 0dyemrS tESpfqdkNyD; orx qd k w muawmh wpf c k w nf ; aom tmH k u d k raysmufrysufatmif Munhfaewm? 0dyem uawmh aysmuf u d k jrif a tmif M unh f & wm? udavomjzwfwJhtcg orxu tjrpfrysuf bl;? tay:,Hom jywfwm/ rd;k OD;usawmh tyif jyefaygufovdk 0dyemuom tjrpfjywfwm qdkNyD; aocgeD;awGU&r,hf a0'emoHk;rsdK;a[mNyD; tZdudk vufawGUIcdkif;w,f/ vlqdkwm ajcmufjypfuif;MuolawG wpfa,mufrSr[kwfMuygbl;/ rrSm;wJhyk*dKvf raoaom aq;orm;&,fvdkY r&Sdygbl;wJh/ rdkuf rSm;cJhMuolawGygyJ/ 'gudk raMumufygeJY? ,ck cHpm;ae&wJh a0'em[m tedpqdkwm raysmuf zdkY ta&;BuD;aMumif;? cEmu tedp? Iwmu r*vdkYom ododay;ae&if 0dyemr*faZmeJY ao&if atmufqHk;ok*wd? txufqHk; edAmef? a0'emuif;atmifI ao&if ok*wdeJY edAmefyJ qdkNyD; rdk;ukefq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u 3.1.58 aeYrm a[mMum;qH;k rxm;ygw,f/ r*fr&ao;&if S ok*wd? r*f&&if edAmefyJ/ tIH;wpfckrS r&Sdawmh bl;/ a0'emudk oGm;oGm;Ny;D cHpm;aeMuvdYk vrf;vGJ aewm/ a0'emuvnf; aysmufukd raysmufEif kd bl;qdNk y;D a0'emudaysmufcsiawmh a0'emaemuf k f u r*f rvkdufEdkifawmh avmb&ifvnf; vm r,f? a'go&ifvnf; vmr,f? arm[&ifvnf; vmr,f? r*fr&bJ avmbeJYao Nydwmjynf? a'goeJYao i&J? arm[eJYao wd&pmefqdkwm bk&m;a[mxm;wJh yHkaoenf;ygyJ/ ,ck tZdudk bk&m;&Sifud a0'em I&ef a0'emrawGUapeJ?Y jzpfysuom awGUygap? f jzpfysufawGUawmh a0'emcsKyfoGm;NyD? a0'em r[kwfawmhbl;? a0'emu tysuf? odwmu r*f jzpfoGm;awmh wPSmao&if ork',opm csKyfwm? wPSmurS aemifcEmjzpfEdkifwm/ wPSmaoawmh aemifcEmr&awmh eda&m"opm qdkufwmygyJ/ owdy|mefygVdawmfBuD;rSmvnf; ]]ork',"rm EkyD0g? a0'em? 0d[&wd? 0,"rm? EkyD0g? a0'em? 0d[&wd}} vdkY a[m cJhawmh a0'emcsKyfwm edAmefygyJ/ a0'emusi;fatmifIEdkifvdkY tZd udpNyD;oGm;wm usihfpOf tawGUtBuHK[m

tm;xkwf&rSmjzpfw,f/ u,fwif&Sifqdkwm wjcm;rSm oGm;r&SmygeJYvdkY bk&m;a[mw,f/ rdrd onfom u,fwif&Sif? udk,fhtm;udk,fudk;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ udk,fpm;rS udk,f0? vrf;qHk;&if &Gm awGUw,f/ olawmfaumif;w&m; 7-yg;vdkY a[m w,f/ o'g? oDv? okw? pm*? ynm? [d&Md ow y/ olawmfaumif;w&m; 7 yg;eJY jynfhpHkrSom avmurSm &wemolaX;vdac:w,f/ Opmypn;f Yk <u,f0ola&m r<u,f0olyg tdrfwHcg;rydwfbJ rtdyf&Jygbl;/ pdk;&drfaMumihfMu pdwfrcs&wJh &wemawGaMumifygyJ/ r&Souawmh awmihw h d l f yJ & S d y gw,f / &S d w J h o l u s wpf r sd K ;yd k y gw,f / awmifhwwma&m aMumifhMuwmyg ESpfrsdK;wGJae w,f/ 'g[m &wemtppf r[kwfvdkYygyJ/ Ak'&iawmfyiay:vmjcif;[m vlawG S f G fh udk u,fwifzdkYr[kwfygbl;/ om;awmf&m[kvm udk xrf;ac:oGm;vdkY r&ovdk Muif,mawmf ,aom"&mudkvnf; vufqGJac:roGm;EdkifvdkY usihfpOfeJYom vkdufcJhMuqdkNyD; usihfpOf? tvkyf pOfawG ay;cJ&w,f/ avmurSm Ak'yixe;f vm h G hf G wm vlom;awGjyKvyxm;wJtjypfuif;pifatmif k f h a&aq;zd k Y r [k w f ? tyg,f u saewJ h o l a wG u d k wefc;kd eJY tm;vH;k vljyefjzpfapvdYk raqmif&uEif G f kd ygbl;/ Ak'&SifawmfyGihfay:jcif;&JU t"dutcsuf u awmh ,ckvlYjynfa&mufaeolawG tyg,f jyefrusa&;[m yifrta&; t"duta&;ygyJ/ bk&m;&Siu uav;oli,f olem? olt?kd olaoeJY f &mZ0wfom;udkjyNyD; vlawGtyg,frusatmif aeYpOf ewfawGu w&m;a[maeaMumif; a'0 "lwokwefudk bk&m;a[mcJhw,f/ a'0qdkwm ewf? "lwqdkwm wrefyg/ ewfwrefawGu vlawG tyg,frusatmif aeYpOfw&m;a[mae ayr,hf vlawGuawmh arhaeMuwke;f ygyJ/ arhjypf aMumif h tyg,f u s&w,f / uk P mawmif Bu;D rm;vGe;f vdYk tyg,frusapcsive;f vdYk w&m; f G trsd K ;rsd K ;a[m&aomf v nf ; vl a wG u awmh um;NyD;um;? r,m;NyD;r,m;? om;NyD;om;eJY avmb? a'go? arm[awG z H k ; xm;awmh ewfwrefawGa[mwJw&m; rMum;&? rem&awmh h aowJhtcg tyg,fusNrJ usMuwmygyJ/ vlawGtm;vH;k tyg,fuwufvmMu olawG tyg,fjyefa&muf&if t&if;awmif r& bl;? tIH;xGufwmayhg/ vlwpfodef;aovdkY vl Y j ynf ? ewf w pf o d e f ; aovd k Y ewf j ynf wpfa,mufjyefra&mufbl;vdkY bk&m;a[mwm arhvGef;vdkYyg/ ,rrif;ckHHk; qHk;jzwfcsufuawmh ]]armifarhjypf armifomcHyJ}} wJh/ Ak'u oifwdkY vkyfcJhorQtjypfawG igcHr,fvdkY ra[mcJhygbl;/

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfaponf/ vlwdkif;BuHKawGU&rSmjzpfvdkY ta&;BuD;wmu 10dy#dom& rvmatmifvkyf? 2-orxutum? 0dyemu tESp?f 3-a0'emuif;atmif vkyEif f kd MuvQif tZd&[ef;vdk udpNyD;rSmrdkY udk,fa&; qGJaewJh yef;csDum; rNyD;aomyef;csDum;udk 0dyemeJY wifIvdkufawmh NyD;qHk;oGm;rSm jzpf ygw,f/ - vl j zpf c uf c J ? ouf & S i f c J \ / - oufvnf;&Sifjyef? vljzpfjyefvm? awGU&ef omoem? BuH K cJ y g/ - omoemvnf ; BuH K ? awG U qH k j yef v nf ; ? axmif E d k i f e m;u? ygEd k i f c J \ / - em;uemvnf ; ? od E k d i f c J \ / - oduodvnf;? usifhEdkifcJonf? cufcJ'kvb ygwum;/ (OD ; pd E d w mvuF m &) ]]udk,hfyef;csDudk NyD;qHk;atmif a&;qGJEdkifMu ygap..}} rd k ; uk w f q &mawmf b k & m;BuD ; \ w&m;rsm; rS D j irf ; ygonf / axG ; armif pmrsuf E S m 34 rS tpkwnf;[laom trSwfjzihf 0ef;&H rD;IdUMu ukef\/ jrufwdkYudk rD;avmifukefonf&Sdaomf NcHK wGi;f eda&m"ormywf0ifpm;aeaom yapu Ak'g t&Sijf rwfukd jrifMuuke\/ igwdtm; ysup;D f Yk f jcif;jzpfavuke\/ rif;Bu;D ud;k uG,awmfraom f f l t&SifyapuAk'gtm; rD;avmifacsNyD/ rif;BuD; odawmfrlonf&aomf igwdYk Bu;D av;aomtjypfay; dS cH&awmhrnf/ igwdkY csrf;om&m &apjcif;iSm &SifyapuAk'gtm; rD;wdkufMuukeftHh[k BuH&G,f rD;wdkufMuukef\/ xd k e ef ; wG i f ; ol w d k Y o nf a&S ; OD ; pG m raumif;aomapwemr&Sygacs/ aemufyi;f wGif d kd rif;jypfrif;'Pfudk aMumuf raumif;aom apwemjzihf t&SiyapuAk'g tm; rD;dUI rdav\/ f yapuAk'g t&Sijf rwfvnf; ckepf&ufajrmufaom aeY eda&m"ormywfrS xawmfrl tvdk&Sd&m odkY <uoGm;awmfrl\/ bk&m;? &[Em? yapuAk'g wdrnfonf Yk ormywf0ifpm;onfh umvtwGif; rnfol wpfOD;wpfa,mufurQ owfjcif;iSm vHkYvjyK r&ay/ xdkig;&mukefaom trsdK;orD;wdkYonf xdtukovuaMumifh tESpwpfoe;f wdYk umv k kd f H f d ywfvHk; i&J usuf&NyD; xdkuHt<uif;\ tpGrf; aMumifh b0wpf&mwdywfv;kH enf;jzihomvQif Yk f

37

0uFygv,f tdkb,fhc&D;onf

avmuDbHkom;? tdkvlom;wdkY udprsm;ajrmif? vlYabmif0,f q,faeru? yljyif;vSonfh b0tusKd;? zvHydk;odkY rD;wdk;avmifuRrf;? cEmEGrf;vnf; vGwfvrf;rod? arSmiftxdESihf trSefw&m;? rodjim;&Sifh/ b0ZmwfcHk? vlYbHk0,f qHkvnfEGm;ES,f? c&D;onfwdkY jyKzG,fwrsKd;? uHtusKd;vnf; igyJ igY[m? igYOpm[k igomBuD;pdk;? rodEdk;&Sihf 'd|dvTrf;NcHK? vlYbHk0,f oHo&mvrf;? c&D;yef;vnf; vGwfvrf;rjrif? c&D;ESif\/ avmbavmifrD;? wNiD;NiD;wnfh &SdonhfOpm? igYOpm[k igomydkifpdk;? olcdk;Edk;ESihf pdk;&GHUAsmayG? aomua0\ r&Sdawmihfw? &SdaMumihfMuESihf aumif;qdk;ESpfwef? avmu"Hvnf; taeqif;&J? 'ku0JESihf csrf;omjyefvJ? ra&mihf&JEkdif udk,fydkif'ku? rodMu&Sihf/ a'goavmifrD;? wNiD;NiD;wnhf ig\ tusKd;? olzsufEdk;ESihf

ig\qE? rjynhf0vnf; olyJ&efol? pGJrSwfolvdk udk,fom'ku? trSef&\/ arm[avmifrD;? wNiD;NiD;wnhf? t&Sdw&m;? rodjim;&Sihf opmrod? igom&Sd[k 'd|doum,? aESmifBudK;usvsuf 'kuudk,fydkif? rodEkdifMu/ aomuavmifrD;? wNiD;NiD;wnhf rD;q,fhwpfrsKd;? vTrf;rdk;'ku uRrf;jyefusvnf;? b0qHk;wdkif udk,fydkif'ku? rodMu&Sifh/ BuHKcJvSpGm? omoem0,f rEkw? 'kvb[k EIwf`rGwfa[mMum;? jrwfbk&m;\ w&m;a&at;? tNrdKufaq;vnf; tdk em aoa&;? 'kuab;rS uif;0if;&mrSef? jrwfedAmefodkY aqmifydkYvrf;jy? csrf;om&\/ tyrm'? wzGzGESihf EIwf[vSpfacR? oHCmaeavmh rarhravsmh? ae&pfawmh[k Zdeocif rSmwrf;wGifonf oHk;cGifavmuwdwf? at;apaom0f/ vl 0 if ; armif (30-7-2009)

aetdrfudk rD;oihfavmif aoMu&ukefonf[k twdwfudkaqmifawmfrl\/ ]]uJ qvdkif;armifarmif- q&mtwdk csHK;NyD; &Sif;jywm auseyfNyDvm;}} [k w f u J h q &m? auseyf y gw,f [ k qdkum uefYawmhoGm;ygonf/ ]]ow 0 gtrsm; w&m;od E d k i f M uygap}} yif v ,f u opf a pm0if ; (awmf c sd K uf )

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

38

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

opmonfom tm;uk;d &m

aZmfaemif
olawG;rdaygh wpfckom? olYudkulnDEdkifaomt&m/ ]opm}om,HkBunfxdkuf? olopmqdkvdkuf/ rnfolrSr&SdNyD/ jrwfpGmbk&m;&SifxH oGm;ukef avmh}}[k qd\/xdYk aMumifh jrwfpmbk&m;&Sif tm; k G xdawmrD;taMumif; udk oGm;avQmufxm;\/ k &[ef;wd\ yifzwrI aMumifh rD;avmif&m t&yf Yk h d f odkY &[ef;taygif; NcH&Hvsuf <ucsDa&muf&Sdvm \/ jrwfpGmbk&m; xdkt&yfodkY a&muf&SdHkrQjzifh yif awmrD ; onf N id r f ; \/ &[ef ; wd k Y o nf wpfckaom w&m;obif taMumif;udk ajymqd k aqG ; aEG ; aeMupOf jrwf p G m bk & m; a&muf & S d v m ]]rnf o nf h p um;rsm;oif w d k Y ESD;aESmaeMuoenf;}}[k ar;aomf &[ef;wdkYu vnf; jrwfpmbk&m;&Sif awmrD;udk wr[kwcsi;f G f Nidrf;aponfhtaMumif;udk ajymMum;aejcif; jzpfygonf[k jyefavQmufxm;\/ xdktcg jrwf p G m bk & m;u ,ck r S o m od k Y j zpf o nf r[kwf a&S;tcguvnf; odkYjzpfcJhzl;NyD [k ajym&m &[ef ; wd k Y \ awmif ; yef r I a Mumif h twdwfudk aqmif Zmwfudk a[mMum;jcif; jzpfygonf/ tcgwpfyg; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf ikH;b0jzpf\/ cEmukd,f BuD;xGm;oefpGrf;aom tjzpf&Sdaomfvnf; ysHvnf;rysHEkdif? vrf;vnf; ravQmuf E k d i f j zpf \ / rd b ES p f y g;u if ; ud k tpm&SmazGNyD; cHGUauR;&onf/ wpfaeYaomf awmrD;Bu;D avmif\/ tm;vk;H aom iSuwonf f Ydk aoab;udk aMumufojzifh xGufajy;Mu\/ xkdtxJwGif bk&m;tavmif;ikH;i,f\ rdb ESpfyg;vnf;ygoGm;onf/ bk&m;tavmif; ik;H i,f ulor&SNd y/ olUopm onfomuk;d uG,f l D &mjzpfonf[oabmayguf vku\/ xkaMumifh k d f Yd if;\ rysHoef;Ekdifaom tjzpfukdvnf;aumif;? ajrjyifyifvrf; ravQmufEkdif aom'kudw b0ukdvnf;aumif;? rdbESpfyg;wkdYonf yif toufab;ukaMumufUHG rdrwpfaumifwnf; d d tokdufxJwGif xm;&pfcJhaomtjzpfukdvnf; trSef twkdif;ajymum opm pum;rSefygu xk d a wmrD ; Nid r f ; ygap[k op m jyKvk d u f awmrD;BuD;rSmcsufcsif; yifNidrf;oGm;cJhavonf/ xkdw&m;awmf \tqkH;wGif tcsKdUrSm ou'g*grf? tcsKdUrSm tem*grf? tcsKdUrSm &[Em ponfwjYdk zpfom;Mu\/ Zmwfaygif;aomf ,ckigh G rdbwkdYonf [kdpOfuig\ rdbESpfyg;yifjzpfcJhNyD; ,ck igbk&m;u [kdpOftcgu ikH;i,fjzpfcJhzl;NyD [k Zmwfaygif;awmfrlygonf/ aZmf a emif

vGefavNyD;aoma&S;tcg rm*"wdi;f t&yfrm/ k S Ak'avmif;vsm xdkumv iH;k uav;b0/ arG;puyif xdkiHk;rSm? tvGefBuD;rm;olYcEm/ rdbESpfjzmom;i,ftm;? toduwiyifxm;/ k f G f rdbESpfyg;tpm&Sm? todkufodkYjyefvm/ tdyfae&SmwJhom;uav;? EdI;tpmcGHYauR;/ iSufuav;rSmoem;p&m? tawmifjzefYrysHEdkifyg/ ajray:rSmvnf;olrpGrf;? ravQmufEdkifajcvSrf;/ tjzpfqef;vSonft&yfrSm ESpfpOfESpfwdkif;rD;avmifyg/ onfESpfrSmvnf;{nfhonf BuD;? a&mufcJhNyDawmrD;/ xdkab;BuD;rSvGwfzdkY&m? iSuftaygif;wdkYxGufajy;yg/ ESpfjzmrdbtoufab;? aMumufvefYysHxGufajy;/ iHk;uav;crsmoem;p&m? todkufxJrSmusef&pf&Sm/ olYqDa&mufvm ulola0;? BuHK&awmhrnftoufab;/

(ig&SdaomtawmifawG? rysoef;Ediay/ H k f ajcaxmufawGvJvSrf;r&? Bu;D ayigh'u/ k ighudkxm;&pfxGufajy;yg? rdbawGvnf;ab;vGwf&m/ onftjzpfawGrSmtrSefcsnf;? opmqdkyg\/ onfopmrSefygav? xdkawmrD;Nidrf;ap/ qkfdvkdufapopmpum;? a&ESifhzsef;vkdufyrmtvm;? awmrD;Nidrf;oGm;/ /) aZmf a emif 0uZmwf udk jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif r*wd k i f ; 0,f c&D ; vS n f h v nf a'opm&D <ucsD a om umv]]awmrD ; \Nid r f ; jcif ; }} ud k taMumif;jyK a[mjyawmfrljcif;jzpfonf/ tcgwpfyg; bk&m;&Sifonf r*"wdkif; twGif; vSnvnf &if; &Gmi,fwpfcjk zpfaom r*"&GmodYk hf qG r f ; pm;<u\/ qG r f ; bk O f ; ay;aomtcg tjcm;aom&[ef ; rsm;ES i f h twl jyef <uavonf/ xdpOfawmrD;Bu;D avmifavonf/ k &[ef ; wd k Y o nf aMumuf v ef Y xG u f a jy; aomolu xGufajy; rD;udk BudK;pm;Nidrf;olu Nidrf;jzifh urmysufouJhodkY tkef;tkef;uRwfuRwf jzpf\/ rD;uawmh avmifNrJ avmifvsuf? Nidrf; roGm;ao;yg/ xdkpOf&[ef;wpfyg;u usefaom &[ef;wdkYudk ajym\/ ]]oifwdkYrSm v0ef;udk rjrifouovnf;aumif;.. ae0ef;udk rjrifol l hJ Ykd uJhodkYvnf;aumif; .. urf;em;wGif&yfvsuf ork'&mrjrifoluJhodkY vnf;aumif;.. jrif;rdk&f awmif u d k rS D aeuk e f a om ol w d k Y o nf jrif;rd&awmif udk rjrifouJovnf;aumif;..? k f h Ykd avmu tBuD;tjrwfqHk; yk*dKvfjzpfaom igwdkYESifhtwl c&D; oGm;aeonfh jrwfpGmbk&m; &S i f u d k oif w d k Y a rh a vsmh xm;\/rD ; ud k Nidrf;owf EdkifolrSm jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif rSvGJ

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

39

2 ]]avmuNir;f csr;f rI}}ESihf om,mpnfyifzNYGH zKd ;wk;d wufr&&Sap&ef ]]Ak' "rw&m;xGe;f um;a&;? avmuygvw&m;ukd avmuom;tm;vk;H d I d
ESvkH;oGif;vufcHusifhokH;EkdifMuapa&; vkdtyfygrnf/ 2 pmrsuEmae&mwGi?f q&mBu;D OD;a&Tatmif\ ]]Ak'avmuom;wk\ tEIi;f rJaus;Zl;&Si}f } (uk,usiA'0if)rS ]]yg&rDawmfrsm;ukd f S Yd d h d f hf k jznfhusifhawmfrljcif;}} tykdif;\ tESpfxJrS tESpftpktcsKdUukd zwfrSwfvG,fulusifhokH;Ekdifap&ef a&G;xkwfazmfjyjcif;jzpfygonf/ t,f'DwmtzJGY

rm&fewf\wwd,wyfr usqHk;jcif;
rm&fewf\wwd,wyfrum; iwfrGwfjcif; (Oydygom) jzpf\/ rdrdudk,fusKd;pD;yGm;udk y"me rxm;bJ trsm;\tusKd;pD;yGm; twGuf vkyo[orQonf iwfrwjf cif;(Oydygom)udk awG&NrjJ zpf\/ f l l G Y tu,f iwfrwjf cif;(Oydygom) \'Pfukd rcHEiojzihf G kd f xdvyief;rS trsm;\ tusK;d udk ta,mifjyNy;D ? rdr\ tusK;d pD;yGm;odYk k k f d OD;wnf aqmif&GufrnfqkdygvQif rm&fewf\ wwd,wyfr usqHk;onfrnfyg\/ rdr\tusK;d pD;yGm;odYk OD;wnf aqmif&ujf cif; [lonfrm d G S tylaZmfcH&atmifvkyfjcif;rsKd;? ae&m&atmifvkyfjcif;rsKd;? xifay: ausmfMum;atmif vkyfjcif;rsKd;? tjcm;wpfenf; enf;jzihf rdrdtusKd;&dS atmifvkyfjcif;rsKd;wdkY jzpf\/

onf tvdkvdkjzpfay:vmrnfjzpf\/ xdktcg tvif;0dZmatmuf vk y f o nf r nf \ / od k Y r [k w f y gu tarS m if t 0d Z m atmuf vkyf&ma&muf\/ ]tEDblawm t,H avmaum} t& "rwm tED avmaum tm;jzifh avmuonf tarSmifxJom vkyfav\/ trsm;\ tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;twG u f v k y f j cif ; rS m ]wEk a uw 0d y wd} t& tvif;xJ vkyjf cif; jzpf\/ xdaMumifh atmifjrifr?I ratmifjrifrEihf Yk I S ywfouf ,HkrSm;rI0dpdudpmjzpfp&mbmrQrvdk? OD;wnfcsufrSefzdkY omvdk\? OD;wnfcsufrSefvQif yef;wdkifodkYa&mufrnfum; {uef? tcsdefumv ESifhywfoufom ajymp&m&dS\? yef;wdkifodkYa&mufrI? ra&mufrEihf ywfouf ajymp&mr&d?S wpfcaomaeYwif a&mufrnf I S k G omwnf;/

rm&fewf\t|rwyfr usqHk;jcif;
rm&fewf\t|rwyfrum; olaus;Zl;udk acszsurI ]ru}ESifh Y f rdrdudk,fudk wpfpifaxmifrI ]xr} wdkYjzpf\/ vkyfief;rsm;udk vkyf&mwGif atmifjrif&dyfudk awGYonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf a&SUoGm;yk*dKvfwdkY\ aus;Zl;udk acszsufwwfMu\? rdrdomvQif tawmfqHk;tjzpfjzifh wpfpifaxmifwwfMu\/ odYk olaus;Zl;udacszsujf cif; ]ru}ESihf rdru,ukd wpfpif Y k d kd f axmifjcif; ]xr}wkdYudk jyKrdvQifyif rm&fewf\t|r wyfr usqHk;onf rnf\/

rm&fewf\pwkwwyfr usqHk;jcif;

rm&fewf\pwkwwyfrum; ysif;&djcif; ]wED}jzpf\/ avmu"rwmt& vkyfief;wpfckudk aqmif&Guf&m rdrd\tusKd;pD;yGm;udk y"mejyK aqmif&GufMuolu trsm;pkjzpf\/ xdktcg trsm;pk \ tm;ay;ulnDrIudk r&aomtcg tenf;pkonf rEdkif0efudkxrf;&bdouJhodkY jzpf\? yifyef;vS\/ xdktcg vkyfief;rS oufomovkaecsif vm\/ tacsmifccsivm\/ vkyief;uvnf; d kd f f wm0efBuD;? trsm;\yHhydk;rIudkvnf;r&aomtcg tm;wufrmef rm&fewf\ e0rwyfr usqHk;jcif; wufvkyfudkifjcif;rsKd;r[kwfawmhbJ oifhavsmfovkd oufouf omomvkyfudkifjcif;rsKd; jzpfvm\/ rm&fewf\e0rwyfrum; wG,wmjcif; ]wPSm}? txifBu;D f onfudkyif ysif;&djcif; ]wED}[l qdk&\/ ysif;&djcif; jcif; ]rme}jzpf\/ rnfolrqdk vkyfief;rsm;udkvkyf&m atmifjrif ]wED}0ifvmvQif rm&fewf\pwkwwyfr usqHk;onf rnf\/ onfESifhtrQ rdrd ywfvnfwGif y&dowfrsm; 0dkif;0dkif;vnfvm\/ vmbfoyfyumrsm;jzihf ylaZmforsm;u ylaZmfMu\/ OD;wduorsm;u l k f l ]ig } ES i f h a M u muf & G H U rI trsm;\tusKd;pD;yGm;twGufvkyfaom rdrd wdkY\apwem OD;wdkufMu\/ bmajymajym ]rSefygY bk&m;} [l vdkufolrsm;vnf; k f pGr;f tm;udk ,HMk unfNy;D vkyygu aMumuf&UHG rI ]bD}l udk atmifEiyg\/ vduMf u\/ wu,fh tavmif;awmfjzpfaMumif; Asm'dway;olrsm;u f kd f ay;Mu\/ a'oorkdif;wGifyif ]twkr&dS}[l ajrmufolrsm;u trSeftm;jzihf aMumuf&GHUrI ]bDl}[lonfrSm ]ig}&dSaeom aMumuf &GHUaejcif;jzpf\? tu,f om ]ig}r&dSygu aMumuf&GHUrI ajrmufMu\/ u,fwif&Siftjzpf csD;yolrsm;uvnf; csD;yMu\/ ]bD}l onf jzpfay:vmrnfr[kw/ tjcm;rm&f ewf\wyfrsm; vnf; tm;vHk;rufarmp&m? *kPf,lp&mrsm;omjzpfMuyg\/ f rdrd\atmifjrifrIu jrihfrm;avav? rdrdtem;odkYuyfvm 0ifvmMurnfr[kwf/ xdaMumihf ta&;Bu;D qH;k tcsutaejzihf tpOf owdjyK&ef aom y&dowfuvnf; trsKd; tpm;pHkavjzpf\/ trSeftm;jzihf Yk f um;? rnfhonfhvkyfief;udkvkyfvkyf ]ig}udk yg0ifrvmatmif? rufarmp&mrsm; um; rdrd\bufawmfom;rsm;r[kwf/ rdrdukd tu,f yg0if v myguvnf ; ]ig}ud k OD ; pm;ray;rd a tmif owfjzwfrnfhrm&fewf\bufawmfom;rsm; jzpfMu\/ xdkYaMumifh rm&fewf\bufawmfom;rsm;udk rdrd\bufawmfom;rsm; tjzpf tm;xkwf&efyif jzpfyg\/ xifNyD;? olwdkYudk wG,fwmvdkufrnf? olwdkYpum;udk em;axmif OD;wnfcsufrSefvQif yef;wdkifodkY a&mufrnf vkyfief;rsm;udkvkyf&mwGif rnfonfhvkyfief; udk vkyfvkyf vdkufrnf qdkvQif rm&fewf\e0rwyfr usqHk;onfrnf\/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf/) yxroDv&dzv\/ xdaemuf orm"d &dzv\/ orm"d&vQif ynm S Ykd kd Yk S Ykd kd Sd

(Continue from last week) I have no divine power. I make honesty my divine power.

usKyfrSmxl;jcm;qef;Mu,f wefcdk;<u,fwJh pGrf;yum;awG r&Sdyg bl;/ usKyf&JU pdwf"mwfpGrf;tm; wdk;yGm;BuD;xGm;vmatmifawmh usKyfdk; ajzmihfpGmBudK;yrf;azmfaqmifcJhygw,f/
The best way to have anything you want in life is to get it in an honest way. First, to be honest with other people.

oif\ b0wpfavQmufvHk; rnfonfht&mudkrqdk oiftvdk&Sd wmrSeforQ &&SdapEkdifonfh wpfckwnf;aom taumif;qHk;vrf;aMumif; onf dk;om;ajzmihfrwfpGmusihfoHk;azmfaqmifaom vrf;aMumif;omjzpf onf/ oifEixawGUqufqaeMuukeaom vlom;tm;vH;k wktay:wGif S fh d H f Yd OD;pGmyxrdk;om;ajzmihfrwfrIudk jyo&rnfjzpfonf/
Yet sometime we can be honest with others but dishonest with ourselves. Self-deception is very subtle, dangerous and hard to overcome.

Sri Lanka's most sacred Buddhist temple comes under fire for snatching baby elephants.
oD & d v uF m Ed k i f i H r S tvG e f x if & S m ;aom bk & m;ausmif ; awmf B uD ; qifuav;ESpfaumifaMumihf tjyif;txef xdk;ESufa0zefcHae&onfqkdjcif;/
Colombo, Sri Lanka, July 29, 2009 oD&dvuFmEdkifiH&Sd jrwfpGmbk&m;\pG,fawmfjrwfudef;0yfawmf rl&m xif&Sm;ausmfMum;aom bk&m;ausmif; (pG,fawmf) wkdufBuD;rS tkyfcsKyfrIqdkif&mtzGJUtpnf;tay:wGif? EdkYruGJao;aom qifom;ayguf i,fuav;ESpfaumifwdkYudk rdcifqifrBuD;ESifhcGJ tjcm;wpfae&modkY twif;"rydkYvdkufrIaMumifh tjyif;txefqHk; jypfwifa0zefcHae&onf qdk onf/ pG , f a wmf a usmif ; wd k u f r S q if a yguf u av;ES p f a umif tqdkygqifom;aygufuav;ESpfaumifwdkYrSm azmfjyygbk&m; ausmif;wdkuf&Sd ynma0vqifxdef;a*,mrSjzpfNyD;? touf 5 ESpfom; t&G,fjzpfonfqdk\/ if;bk&m;ausmif;rS qifxdef;a*,mudk xdef;odrf; apmifha&SmufoltBuD;tuJ'D,0g'eedvmrdESifh yg&m'dedvef*g'Dvmbef '&mwdkYESpfOD;udk if;qifxdef;a*[mrS oufqdkif&mwm0ef&Sdyk*dKvfrsm;u vGefcJhonhf paeaeYnrSpwif tjyif;txefqHk; xdk;ESufjypfwifIwfcs a0zefMuonfqdkonf/ pmrsuf E S m 17 ok d Y

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Dhamma Dew

My mind is My home

ukd,fhpdwfonf ukd,fhtdrfjzpfonf
By sorcha Ni Bhearian, The Bangkok Post, May 26,2009.

TRANSLATED Into Myanmar Language. by Dhamma Vira Thandar, ITBM University, Yangon.

"r 0 D & -oE m jyef q d k w if j yonf /

wpfcgwpf&HwGif uREfkyfwdkYonf dk;om;ajzmihfrwfrIjzihf tjcm; olwpfyg;wdkYtay:xm;&SdqufqHwwfMuaomfvnf; wpfcgwpfcgwGif vnf; uREywYkd ud,wiu rd;k rajzmihqufqjH yKrwwfMuayonf/ uJh kf f k f kd f f l odkY udk,fwdkifu vSnhfpm;jcif;rsm;jyKwwfMuvihfupm;? ,if;jyKrlcsufwdkY onf tvGefyif rodom rxifr&Sm;onfjzpf if;jyKrlcsufwdkYaMumihf wpfzufrS qdk;&Gm;aom tE&m,frsm;jzihf jyif;xefpGm wkefYjyefdkufcwfvm rSom odMuayonf/
You will really find out about self deception when you pay attention to your thoughts and feelings.

pmrsuf E S m 15 ok d Y