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vIiMf unfjzL"r0&pmaywkuf d D d zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufwwm;NrKd e,f? &efueNf rKd /YU H U k zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEav;) zke;f 02-39801

Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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EDITORIAL
"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/

3
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No one who has not complete knowledge of himself, will never have true understanding of other udk,fhtaMumif;udk aocsmpGmrodaomolonf olwpfyg;wdkY

avmutjrif wlMuolawG? orkdif; aMumif;aumif;vkd olawG? ukd,fhb0Zmwfukd uk,Eiatmif? aumif;atmifuzkYd BuKd ;pm;cJh d f dk f olawG? avmuukd ukd,fusKd;pGefY tepfemcH cspfcsifolawG? cspfwwfolawG? jzwfoef;csdef rsm;ukd twlwuG jzwfoef;cJMh uNyD jzpfonf/ tjiif ; tck H a v;uawmh & S d o nf / 'guvnf ; tjyKoabmaqmif o nf / rsKd;qufukd b,fvkdtarGay;rvJ/ tarG aumif;aumif; ay;EkdifzkdY ]] pH }} vkdonf/ uk,wiu b,fvusifo;MurvJ/ ykxZOf d f dk f dk h Hk k oabmt& tcGita&;[lorQukd r&vQif hf &atmif vk y f c sif o nf ? enf ; rsKd ; pk H & S d o nf / ywf0ef;usi\ tav;tjrwf tktaojyKrI f d ukdvnf; cHcsifonf? &atmifvnf; jyKvkyf onf? ykHpHrsKd;pkH&Sdonf/ ,SOfvkdufvQifvnf; olrsm;xufomcsionf? xifay: ausmMf um; f csifonf? vkdtifrsm;ukd zefwD;wwfonf/ wGif vmb? oum&? odavmu wk\ aphaqmfrEihf tarGaumif; ay;EkirI Yd I S d f tay: teD;ta0;tjrifrsm;? tedrfhtjrifh tawG;rsm;? a&mif&v,rEihf qEapmrIrsm;? h J G f I S Oyg,fwHrsOf okH;vsuf? ukd,fhukdukd,f Muifem pG m jzif h qif j cif a y;NyD ; uk d , f h v k d t if u k d jznfqnf;wwfonfh tusiq;dk rsm;? csKyvuf h hf f dk awmh oDvvkNH cHKrI tajccHjzifh avQmufvr; S f Ekdif&ef owd&SdzkdYawmhvkdrnf/ yg;yg;av;yJjzpfjzpf tepfemcHEkdif &rnf/ rdrdukd,fukd rdrd av;pm;Ekdifavmuf atmif uk,usiovapmifxe;f rI? wpfO;D csi;f d f hf D h d rSonf oef;aygif;rsm;pGmtxd arQmfrSef;Ekdif onf/ olEihf ol\ q&m? ol\ oli,fcsi;f S rsm;\ pum;0k d i f ; av;onf avQmh o if h wmavQm?h wk;d oifwmwk;d jzifh aqG;aEG;vkuMf u h d &m ]] avmu\ tjrifopf }} wpfc&&Sd tajz k xGufcJhawmhonf/
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tm; rSefuefpGm em;vnfEdkifrnfr[kwfacs [kqdkxm; ouJhokdY rdrdudk,fudk rfdrd &[ef;[k ajymqdkaomfvnf; &[ef;w&m;udk em;rvnfol rdrdudk,fudk Ak'bmom[ktrnfcHxm; aomfvnf; Ak'\tqHk;trudk em;rvnfaomolwdkYrSm Ak'ESihf Ak'\ w&m;tppfrsm;udk em;vnfEkdifMurnfr[kwfygacs/ xdaMumihf Ak'bmom0ifrsm;ESifh Ak' om;awmftrnfcH oHCmawmfrsm;onf Ak'\ Yk "rppf "rrewudk rdru,witrSetwki;f od&NdS y;D ,if;trSew&m; xGe;f ay: xif&m;Ny;D wnfwhH S f Ykd d dk f dk f f d f S jyefym;atmif BuKd ;pm;Muapvdygonf/ oHCm twkta,mif aA'if? *dP;f ? ,Mwmwdukd y,fowf Y G k k Yk Ekiatmif BuKd ;pm;MuzdYk "r0&rS wduwe;f Ed;I aqmfvuyg&ap d f D k f G fkd f t,f ' D w m

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avmurSm &Sygw,f/ vlr[kwf ewfawGyg/ d (pmzwf o l r sm; pOf ; pm;Munf h y g/ yg,modNrdKUpm;rif;[m rdpm'd|d Oap'd|dorm; aemifb0qdkwmr&Sd/ vl ewf qdkwmawGr&Sd vd,ojl zpfygvsuf t&Siurm&uy &[Em Yk l f k rax&fjrwfBuD;ar;vdkufwJh ar;cGef;t& ae eJY v wd[m y&avmu (aemifb0)rSm &Sw,f/ Yk d Ny;D awmh ewfawGygvdajzw,f/ udi;f 'Dawmh ol&UJ Yk k Y tajz[m a&SUpum; aemufpum; rnDygbl;? NyD;awmh y&avmu &Sdw,f/ ow0g[m ao NyD ; aemuf tjcm;rJ h r S m jzpf w ,f / ewf & S d w,f.... vdkY 0efcHNyD;om;jzpfoGm;yg w,f/) t&S i f / / 'um Nrd K Upm; aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm;NyD;rSajzyg/ oifh&JU tajz[m wr vG e f avmu (y&avmu)&S d w ,f / ewf & S d w,f . . vd k Y 0ef c H a eygyaumvm;/ (NrdKUpm;rif;[m OD;acgif;udk wGifwGif cgNyD; rsufESmudk wpfzufodkYvSnfhxm;ygw,f/ twefi,fMumatmif pOf;pm;NyD;rS atmufyg pum;udk qufajymygw,f/) NrdKUpm;/ / td k . ... t&S i f t&S i f h t m; av;pm;ygw,f/ t&Sifh&JUpum;awGudkvnf; uREfkyfpdwf0ifpm;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh vufrcH Edkifwmudkawmh 0rf;enf;ygw,f/ t&Sifh0g' odkYul;ajymif;,lzdkY uREfkyf&JU 0g'udk pGefYvTwfzdkY qEr&Sygbl;/ d (t&S i f j rwf B uD ; [m Nrd K Upm;rif ; ud k uk P m&J U om;aumif y rm oabmxm;um qufNy;D ar;awmfrygw,f/) l t&S i f / / 'um Nrd K Upm; oif [ mwrvG e f

avmur&S d q d k w J h 0g'ud k vuf u d k i f x m;&m oifht,l0g'a&;&meJY yufoufNyD; bmrsm; taxmuf t xm;ay;Ed k i f o vJ / NrdKUpm;/ / taxmuf t xm;awG ajrmuf jrm;pGm&Sdwmaygh t&Sif/ &Sdygh &Sdygh/ t&S i f / / &S d c J h a omf ajymyg'umNrd K Upm;/ cdkifrmwdusrI&Sd r&Sd? igodvdkbd/ NrdKUpm;/ / tdk....t&Sif? uREfkyf[m 'kpdkuf orm;rsm; i&J o d k Y v m;wJ h t cg i&J & S d a Mumif ; jyef a jym&ef r S m Mum;vd k u f a yr,f h wpf O D ; wpfa,mufrQ jyefajymjcif;r&Sygbl;/ aoNy;D &if d jyefjzpfwmr&SaMumif; taxmuftul awGygyJ/ d 'gaMumifh uREdkyf&JU t,l0g'udk pGefYvTwf&ef taMumif;r&Sdyg/ NrKd Upm;rif;&JU ajzqdcsuukd axmufcH k f tm;ay;MuwJholY&JUy&dowfrsm;[m OD;acgif; wndwnweYJ oabmusaeMuw,f/ wpfcsKd Uu f d f &[Em t&Siukd Munfvuf olw&UJ ocifukd f h kd Ykd MunfhvdkufjzpfaeMuw,f/ raxmufcHvdkol wpfcsdKUuawmh wdwfqdwfaeMu&JU/ t&S i f / / 'um Nrd K Upm;rif ; oif h u d k i g ar;OD;tHh/ olcdk;wpfa,mufudk zrf;qD;rdwJh tcg oif b,fvdk pD&ifcsufcsrSwfygovJ/ uJ ao'Pf c srS w f v d k u f N yD q d k y gpd k Y / tJ ' D &mZ0wf o m; ol c d k ; [m ok o mef a &muf cgrS - ]]aemif B uD ; wd k Y c if A sm; uRef a wmf [ m aordefYcsxm;wJh ao&r,fholyg/ uRefawmf raocif rdcif? zcifwdkYudk jrifcsifygw,f/ om;? r,m;awG&JU rsufESmudkvnf; Munfh csif y gao;w,f / rS m p&m &S d w mawG

FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smufonf/ rS m xm;cJ h c sif y gao;w,f / uRef a wmf h t m; oGm;cGifhjyKyg}} vdkYawmif;yefvmaomf olYudk ,HkMunfpdwfcspGm oGm;cGifhjyKrvm;? oGm;cGifh rjyKbJ tqH k ; pD & if r S m vm;ajzyg}} NrdKUpm;/ / td k . ...t&S i f jypf r I u sL;vG e f xm;aom olcdk;tm; tb,faMumifh oGm;cGifh ay;&rSmvJ/ owfypfvurmyJaygh t&Si}f } fkd f S t&S i f / / 'umNrd K Upm;pOf ; pm;yg/ ol c d k ; vnf ; vl o m; tmPmom;wd k Y u vnf ; vl o m; vl o m;tcsif ; csif ; yif jzpf v suf oGm;cGifh rjyKEdkifaomf i&JusoGm;wJh 'kpdkuf orm;awGu b,fvdkvkyfNyD; oifhxH jyefvm um taMumif ; Mum;Ed k i f y gh r vJ / i&J o m; Oyrmud k axmuf x m;NyD ; oif h & J U wrvG e f avmu r&S d qd k w J h t ,l 0 g'ud k pG e f Y o if h N yD ; pG e f Y y gavmh ' um/ (ESpbuf y&dowfawGuawmh NrKd pm; f Y rif;&JU tajzudk iHhvifhaeMuNyD/ NrdKUpm;rif;&JU tajzu-) NrdKUpm;/ /tdk....t&Sif i&Jom;eJYwifpm; NyD; jyqdkvdkufwJh t&Sifh&JU Oyrm aumif;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh uREfkyf&JU0g'uom trSeftuefyg/ taxmuftxm;jyygOD;r,f/ t&S i f / / jyyg 'umNrd K Upm; em;axmif aeygw,f / NrdKUpm;/ / tdk....t&Sif ao&if ewfjynf vm;Mur,fh ukov&irsm;udvnf;raocif u kd f S f k Bud K wif r S m Mum;zl ; ygw,f / oif w d k Y a o&if ewf j ynf a &muf w J h t cg ewf j ynf t aMumif ; uREfkyfxHvmNyD; ajymjyygvdkY rSmxm;ayr,fh b,folrSvmrajymMu bmowif;rSvnf; r&/ odkY r&jcif;rSm ewfjynfqdkwm wu,fr&Sd vdomjzpfw,fqwhJ uREy&UJ 0g' rSeuefaMumif; Yk kd kf f f om"u jzpfygw,f t&Sif/ t&S i f / / tdk...'um 'gqdk&if ig Oyrm jyr,f/ vlawGu OyrmeJYajym&if oabm aygufvG,fw,f/ vlwpfa,muf[m rpif wGif;BuD;xJ usoGm;r,fqdkygpdkY/ olYudk rpif wG i f ; xJ u qG J x k w f u ,f w if N yD ; a&csd K ; oefYpifum tarT;eHYomrsm; vdrf;jc,fay; w,f / 0wf a umif ; pm;vS a wG v nf ; 0wf qifay;w,f/ NyD;awmhrS-jymom'f aqmif ay:wif cifrifzG,favmuDtmHk umr*kPf pnf ; pd r f a wG c H p m;cd k i f ; w,f / tJ ' D a emuf ollYudkrpifwGif;xJ jyefqif;cdkif;&if qif;yg awmh r vm;....ajzyg/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / ) bEEZedEom&(o'raZmwdu"Z)

Ak'*Dwdum
q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;)
vd p 0 D 0 w K
Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf a0omvDjynf uk#m*g& aeawmfraomtcg jynhwefqmr l f wpfa,mufaMumihf vdp0rif;wdYk aoaMuysup;D D f jcif ; ud k taMumif ; jyK ]]&wd , m Zm,wD aomaum} paom *gxmudk a[mawmfronf/ l &wd,m Zm,wD aomaum? &wd,m Zm,wD b,H/ &wd,m 0dyrw? k ewd aomaum ukawm b,H/ jrefrmuAsm arGUavsmfjcif;rS aomujzpfvm? arGUavsmonftwGuaMumufruf&yg? f h f arGUavsmfrl&if; vGwfuif;olrSm? pdk;&drfjcif;? aMumufjcif;r&Sd&m/
From delight springs grief, from delight springs fear; for him who is wholly free from delight there is no grief, much less fear.

"r0&onf Ak"\ ax&0g'"rw&m;ppf w&m;rSef D xGe;f um;&efjzpfonfqonfh cH,csuEitnD h dk l f S hf vdiMf unfjzL"r0&pmaywkuEihf 'D*spw,fpmMunfwurS I D d f S f h dk f 2009 ckEp?f rwfvtwGi;f jzefcsxwa0vkuNf yD S Y d k f d
1/ "r0&\ "ropOfrsm; D H (Nidr;f csrf;OD;ESifh wuovoQifo&) kd f D d 2/ jzwfoef;csdee'gef;ESifh yxrydi;f (Nidr;f csrf;OD;) ('kw,tBudr) f d k d f 3/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpk ("ry') (Nidr;f csrf;OD;ESihf pk;d jrifvwf) h 4/ Ak',Ofaus;rI&wem t&Siovmpm&(zm;uef) f D Y

pum;ajy// (ig;jzmtmHk umr*kP cHrifvQyf f k ay:) arGUavsmjf cif;rS pd;k &drjf ci;fjzpf\/ arGUavsmf jcif;rS aMumufrufjcif;jzpf\/ arGUavsmfjcif;rS vH;k 0oef&i;f vGwuif;aomoltwGuf pd;k &drjf cif; Y S f aMumufrufjcif;onf b,frm&Sygawmhtenf;/ S d hH

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

onf;cHEkdifa&;todw&m;
&SiP(zsmyH) f k
taum" jzpf\/ trsuf r xG u f j cif ; tau m "jzpf yGm;yHkudk xif&Sm;odomap&ef OyrmyHkaqmif jy&aomf... vlwpfa,mufonf toH;k jyK&ef wpf p H k w pf c k a om yp n f ; ud & d , mwpf c k u d k vl w pf O D ; wpf a ,muf t m; jyKvk y f a y;&ef apcdi;f cJ\/ xdtcg ypn;f ud&,m jyKvyay;& k h k d k f rnfholuvnf; olPf&Sdoavmuf taumif; qHk; jzpfap&ef MuHpnf tm;xkwf jyKvkyfaqmif &G u f a y;aomf v nf ; yp n f ; tyf E S H o l u vm a&muf M unf h S K aomtcg ol & nf r S e f ; onf h twdkif; rjzpfvQif trsuf a'goxGufwwf onf/ xdkodkYtrsufrxGuf &efxdef;xm;jcif;rSm = tau m "yif j zpf \ /onf ; cH j cif ; = cE D r [kwfay/ odkYtm;jzifh vnf; cEDESifht aum" w&m;ESpyg;udk uGjJ ym;pGmodrwtyf Muayonf/ f S f avmuvlom;rsm;taejzifh onf;cH jcif; = cEDw&m;ESifh taum" = trsufrxGuf jcif; w&m;ESpfyg;tjyif aum" =trsufxGuf jcif;? taMumif;w&m;rsm;udkvnf; avhvm rSwom;oifMh uayonf/ f aum" = trsuf x G u f j cif ; taMumif ; w&m;ud k ; yg;&S d \ / ,if ; ud k ; yg;ud k tmCmw0w K ud k ; yg;[k bk & m;a[mMum; awmf r l c J h o nf / trsuf x G u f j cif ; ud k ; yg;ES i f h ywfouf rSwfom;Mu&efrSm trsufxGuf jcif;onf rddrdtwGufom trsufxGufwwf Muonfr[kwf? rdrdcifaom oltwGufvnf; trsufxGuf wwfovdk rdrd\ &efoltwGuf vnf; trsufxGufwwfMu\/ xd k u J h o d k Y trsuf x G u f w wf M u&m rS m vnf ; vG e f c J h a om twd w f u mv? rsuf arSmufypKyefumvESifh tem*wfumvponfh umvoHk;yg;vHk;twGuf trsufxGufwwfMu onf/ odkYjzpf rdrdudk,fwkdif rdrd\rdwfaqG? rdrd\ &efol ponftm;jzifh yk*dKvfoHk;pm;&Sd ay&m yk*dKvfwpfOD;jcif;twGufjzpfNyD; jzpfqJ jzpfvwH[k umvoHk;yg;jzifh aygif;pk a&wGuf vdkufvQif trsufxGufjcif;taMumif; udk;yg; jzpfyGm;vm\/ xdktrsufxGufjcif; taMumif; w&m;ud;k yg;\ teuf t"dyg ,frm/ S 1/ ol o nf a&S ; tcgu ig\tusd K ; pD;yGm;ysufpD;jcif;udk jyKcJhzl;NyD;[l trsuf xGufjcif;/ 2/ olonf ig\ tusdK;pD;yGm; ysufpD; jcif ; ud k ,ck v nf ; jyKvk y f q J [ l trsuf xGufwwfjcif;/ 3/ olonf ig\ tusdK;pD;yGm; ysufpD; jcif;udk aemuftcgwGivnf; jyKvrO;D rnf [l f d hf trsufxGufwwfjcif;/ 4/ olonf a&S;tcgu ighrdwfaqG\ tusdK;pD;yGm;ysufpD;jcif;udk jyKvkyfcJhonf [l trsufxGufwwfjcif;/ 5/ ol o nf igh r d w f a qG \ tusKd ; pD;yGm;ysufpD;jcif;udk ,ckvnf;jyKvkyfqJ[l trsufxGufwwfjcif;/ 6/ olonfighrdwfaqG\ tusdK;pD;yGm; ysufpD;jcif;udk aemuftcgwGifvnf; jyKvdrfh OD;rnf[l trsufxGufwwfjcif;/ 7/ ol o nf igh & ef o l \ tusd K ;pD ; yG m ; udka&S;ujyKcJhzl;NyD;[ltrsufxGufwwfjcif;/ 8/ olonf igh&efo\ tusKd ;pD;yGm; udk l ,ck v nf ; jyKvk y f a eqJ [ l trsuf x G u f wwfjcif;/ 9/ olonfig&efol\ tusdK;pD;yGm;udk aemuftcgwGifvnf; jyKvkyfvdrfhOD;rnf[l trsuf x G u f w wf j cif ; ponf h t aMumif ; w&m;udk;yg;wdkYonf aum" = trsuf x G u f j cif ; \ taMumif ; &if ; cH w&m;rsm;yif j zpf a yonf / ,if ; trsuf x G u f j cif ; \ taMumif ; &if ; cH w&m;ud k ; yg;onf y if cE D o nf ; cH w &m;ud k rjzpfay:atmif aESmuf&SufzsufqD;aeaom w&m;qdk;udk;yg;jzpfav&m Ak'\tqHk;tr udk av;pm;vdkufemaeolrSeforQ cEDw&m; udk jznfhusifhqnf;ylEdkifMuap&ef aum"[laom trsuxujf cif; w&m;qd;k ud;k yg;udk tod owd f G PfynmwdjYk zifh xde;f csKyvsuf olawmfaumif; f wdkYonfvnf;aumif; Ak'bmom0ifwdkYonf vnf;aumif; jrwfEdk;ta&;xm; av;pm;Mu onfh cEonf;cHjcif;[laom tusiw&m; udk D hf tav;xm; BuKd ;pm;jznfh usiqnf;yl; Mu&ef hf txl;yifvtyfvayonf/ kd S &S i f P(zsmyH k )

avmu olwpfyg;wdkY\ EIwfjzifh usL;vGefrIudk trsufrxGufbJ aeEdkifjcif;onf onf;cHjcif;rnf\/xdkYtwl olwpfyg; wdkY\ ud k , f j zif h usL;vG e f r I u d k trsuf r xG u f b J aeEdijf cif;rSm onf;cHjcif;yifjzpf\/ rsuarSmuf k f vlavmuwGif ud,jf zifh usL;vGerxuf EIwjf zifh Y k f I olwpfyg;wdtm; usL;vGeru tjzpfrsm;aom Yk f I aMumifh rsm;&mvdkuf olwpfyg;wdkY\ Murf; MuKwfpGm qJqdkaom EIwfjzifh usL;vGefaom pum;ud k onf ; cH j cif ; onf cE D j zpf o nf [ k ajymqdkMu\/ xdktcg udk,fjzifholwpfyg;wdkY usL;vG e f r I j yKonf u d k trsuf r xG u f b J aeEd k i f o l r sm;\ onf ; cH j cif ; w&m;rS m cEDw&m;yif jzpfaomfvnf; rxif &Sm;ovdk tjrifcHae&ayonf/ onf ; cH j cif ; w&m;ES i f h ywf o uf trSewu,f rSwom;Mu&efrm cE0g'D Zmwf f f S D uvmAk r if ; onf cE D 0 g'D & aoh u d k EI w f j zif h usL;vG e f j cif ; omru touf a o atmif ud k , f j zif h usL;vG e f j ypf r S m ;cJ h & m cE D 0 g'D &S i f & aoh o nf onf ; cH a wmf r l c J h a Mumif ; vm &Sdayonf/ cED0g'DZmwfawmfudk axmufq vsuf onf;cH jcif;[lonf EIwfjzifh usL;vGef rI?ud,jf zifusL;vGerI ESprsKd ;pHwkd onf;cHjcif;rSm k h f f k cEDjzpfonf [k rSwf,lMu&rnf jzpfayonf/ pif p pf o l w pf yg;wd k Y u rd r d t ay:ajymqd k vmaom EIwjf zifh usL;vGeapmfum;rI ud,jf zifh f k usL;vGefapmf um;rIwdkYtwGuf a'gorxGuf atmif pdwfudk xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufxm; Edijf cif;onf onf;cHjcif; cEpifppfjzpfayonf/ k D onf;cHjcif; = cEDtppfr[kwfaom ta,mifaqmiftrsurxGujf cif;= taum"\ f oabmrSm olwpfyg;wdkY udk,f jzifh usL;vGefrI EI w f j zif h u sL;vG e f r I w d k Y a Mumif h r[k w f b J jzpfym;wwfaom a'gowpfrsKd ;udk taMumif;jyK G trsufrxGufatmif xdef;odrf;jcif;rSm =

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;udk jyqkdonf/

Ak'a*gwr\ pMu0Vm(urm)tjrif
wu o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r m p&d , ? B.A)

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

10

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12

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"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ jyK pmvkuoCmaygif; 60000 ausm&avonf/ (xdpOfu jrefrm d f H f dS k EkdifiHvlOD;a& 12 oef;cefYom &Sdonf)/ ygawmf r l p Of zsuf q D ; cH c J h M u&yH k r sm; xkuoYdk omoemawmfpnfyifxe;f um;cJaomfvnf; 0rf;enf; d hJ G h aMuuGJzG,f&m tjzpfqdk;BuD;rSm jrefrmjynfuHMurmqdk;BuD;ESihf BuHKqHkcJh& aom uke;f abmifaemufq;kH quf oDaygrif;tm; t*Fvye,fcsUJ rsuEmjzL d f f S rdpmrsm; zrf;qD;ac:aqmifoGm;onfhtcsdefwGif BuHKawGUcJhMu&ayonf/ xdaeYum; 1247 ckEpf wefaqmifre;f vqkwf (8) &ufaeYjzpfonf/ k S k eef;wGi;f wpfcv;kH &Sd NAwu ayyk&ydursm; xnhoor;f qnf; k J kd f k f f kd d xm;onfh pmwduaowmBu;D tm;vH;k wdukd e,fcsUJ t*FvyppfAvppfom; k f Yk d f kd f rsm;ESihf aemufygvl&rf;um;wpfpkwdkYu azmufcGJzsufqD;NyD; tzdk;wef ausmufrsuf&wemrsm;xnfhodkxm;rnftxifjzihf arTaESmuf&SmazGMu ojzihf jrefrmhordkif;wefzdk;t&SdqHk;aom aypmyk&ydkufpmrsm;rSm tpnf; ysutacgufajyvsuf y&rf;ywmzdz&Jtpdwpwf trTmrTm aMurGysuf f k f d pD;usef&pfcJhavonf/ aemuf w pf a eY w G i f oef Y & S i f ; a&;aqmif & G u f M u&aom trIuvn;f ukvm;rsm;u ,if;aypmyk&ydursm;udk vSn;f usi;f pky rD;dUI d f S k f kH ypfMuavonf/ ayyk & yd k u f r sm;ud k rD ; d I U zsuf q D ; ,l i if j cif ; rjyKMu&ef xdkodkYjzpfysufaeonfhtaMumif;wdkYudk wefaqmifrkef;vqkwf (11)&ufaeYwGif awmifcGifrif;BuD;od&ojzihf pma&;awmfBuD;OD;NrJtm; ume,fpav'ifxoYkd ayyk&ydursm;udk ,liifzsuq;D rD;dUI jcif;rjyKvyMf u H k f f k &ef arwm&yfcHyefMum;pmay;ydkYavonf/ awmifcGifrif;BuD;\pmaMumihf ume,fpav'ifu ]rnfol wpfO;D wpfa,mufrQ eef;wGi;f &Sayyk&ydursm;udk rD;dUI jcif;? zsuq;D jcif; d k f f ,liifjcif;? rjyKvkyfMu&ef}} trdefYxkwfjyefwm;qD;cJhavonf/ ayacwf\ ed*;kH ydi;f tajctae k t*Fvdyfe,fcsJUrsm;jrefrmEkdifiHtvHk; odrf;ydkufNyD;onhfaemuf EGm;vSn;f tpD;a& av;q,fausmwuavmuf&aom rEav;eef;wGi;f rS f kd f dS <uif;use&onfh ayyk&yduxef;zl;pmrsm;udk &efuetwGi;f 0efrsm;H;k Bu;D f dS k f k f odkY ,laqmifodrf;qnf;xm;avonf/ onfwrm jrefrmEkiiawmf\ ,Ofaus;rIpmaytEkynmrsm; Ykd S d f H ESihf tzdk;wefaom omoemhtarGtESpfwdkY qHk;yg;cJh&jcif;ESihf "rapwD xdkufayacwfed*Hk;ydkif;tajctaersm;yifjzpfavonf/ ausmuf p mapwD a wmf r sm;ES i h f "r a pwD x d k u f c E m rsm; uJoYkd a&S;a[mif;omoemhtarG aypmrsm;rD;dUI zsuq;D cHMu h f &onfwGifrS rif;wkef;rif;w&m;BuD;ukokdvfawmf cJ&mcJqpfxkvkyfxm; aom ausmufpmapwDawmfrsm;\ *kPfaus;Zl;wdkYrSm ay:vGifxif&Sm; cJh&ayonf/ tvm;wl okw?f 0denf;? tbd"rmwnf;[laom ygVdy#uwf d awmfrsm;udk EIwxuftm*Hk EIwiaqmifxm;awmfrMl uaom yk*Kd vtaygif; f f kH f olawmfaumif;wd\ cEmud,wrmvnf; "rapwDwuausmif;wduBf u;D Yk k f Ykd S kd f k rsm;yrm tylaZmftzl;ajrmfc,xuvayawmhonf/ H l kd f S qkjynfhpkHvdIif

13

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1/ emrynwf r&Sdw&m;? od&Sdjim;u rsm;jym;Ekwvm? rnfwi&mudk f G f oligac:ajym? eufoabmrdYk ausmaZmwrl? ynwf[onfh f l trnfemrwpfrsdK;wnf;/ / 2/ Ceynwf twH;k tcJ? &SwNkH rvnf; d J xifvr&? rnfemrwGif JG ynwfyif[k? ac:dk;jyKonfh r&Sdw&m;? odzdkYjim;u rSwom;Ceynwfwnf;/ / f 3/ oP m eynwf yHprsKd ;pH?k oPmefyEifh k H kH S kyyaxGjym;? awGUBuKH jim;vnf; f kH rSwom;odcg? yHyrmrdYk f k r&Sdw&m; ynwfomwnf;/ / 4/ oauF w ynwf rSwfom;zG,f&m? tjzmjzmudk jrifomIym;? jrwfw&m;rS G oligwpfyg;? a,musm; rde;f r f rSwxifjyvm? xdt&m f k oauFwynwf[ownf;/ / l 5/ orl [ ynwf tpktaygif;? pkyavmif;um kH yHoPmefu?kd pkumaygif;vwf k wpfpk"mwfjzihf? vSpf[azmfjy orl[ynwfac:ownf;/ / 6/ umvynwf aeY&ufawGajymif;? vESpanmif;vnf; f odaumif;p&m? ynwfyg[k ac:qdjk yKMu? umvynwf[ownf;/ l 7/ 'domynwf ae&mxdicif;? ajymqdjk cif;ESifh k f t&yfa'o? ac:qdrwaomf k S f ynwfay:onf? r&Sdw&m; odzYrsm;u? 'domt&yfynwfwnf;/ / dk {'if - 0if ; vG i f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

14

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avmu"rukd "rtjzpf trSetwki;f rjrifbJ t"rtjzpf uarmufur f d jrifaeMujcif; jzpf\/ t"ruvnf; t"rtjzpf trSetwdi;f rjrifbJ kd f k "rtjzpf uarmufurjrifaeMujcif;jzpf\/odjYk rifjcif;rSm tmoa0g w&m;wdaMumihf jzpf\/ xdkYaMumifhtjrifrSef&zdkYtwGuf tmoa0gw&m; Yk wdukd y,fowfEizvyg\/ tmoa0g w&m;wdukd y,fEi&ef a&S;OD;pGm Yk dk f Ykd kd Yk kd f opmESihf,SOfaom um,uHrI? opmESihf,SOfaom 0pDuHrI? opmESihf ,SOaom raemuHrwukd wnfaqmuf&ayvdrrnf/ f I Ykd fh opmESi,Oaom uHjzpfrom opm &Sjd cif;[lvnf;aumif;? fh S f S dk;om;ajzmifhrwfjcif; [lvnf;aumif; qdk&m\/ odkYr[kwfygu opmrJjh cif; [lomqdEi\/ opm&Sjd cif;udk opyg&rD xnfoi;f &\/ k kd f h G opyg&rD xnfhoGif;jcif; cH&rSom jrihfjrwfolwdkY\vkyfief;jzpf\/ opmrJhjcif;um; ,kwfnhHolwdkY\vkyfief;jzpf\/ vl Y b 0[l o nf r S m rEk w b ma0g 'k v a bmt& tvGe&cJaom b0rsKd ;jzpf\/ jA[mjh ynfu ]]tyf}} wpfpif;? vljY ynfu f ]]tyf}] wpfpif;? tyfom;jcif;om xdz,&m? yrmyHoYkd cif; [lonfEitnD G G f k S fh &awmif&cJ &vmaom vlb0udk rSereuefuef toH;k cszv\/ rSeref h Y f S f Ykd kd f S uefuef toH;k cszqonfrm t&m&m opm &Sjd cif;yifjzpf\/ avmu Ykd kd S wu,fwrf; opm &SdvmvQif vlrqufqa&;e,fy,f wu,fwrf; I H toH;k 0ifyg\/ toHonf Xmef udP;f y,wf tqihfoYkd a&mufNy;D a0g[m& k trnfu&vmvQif rdrd\qdkvdk&if;udk odapEdkif\/ ,if;qdkvdk&if; onf kd opmESi,OrS rSeuefaomqdv&if; jzpf\/ rSeuefaomqdv&if;jzpfrS fh S f f k kd f k kd ,H k M unf x d k u f \ / usrf ; *ef r sm; wu,f w rf ; ,H k M unf x d k u f a om qdv&if;[lonf t&d,mwd\ pum;vH;k rsm; om &aumif;onf[ k kd Yk l azmfjyxm;\/ trSetm;jzihf t&d,mwd\pum;vH;k rsm;onf uHo;kH yg;wd f Yk Yk wpfajzmifhwnf; usMu\/ xdkYaMumifh dk;ajzmifhjcif;jzpf\/ opmESifh ,SOfjcif;jzpf\/ opmESihf ,SOfvnf; ,HkMunfxdkufjcif;jzpf\/ wu,f wrf; ,HkMunfxdkufaom pum;jzpfygrSvnf; avmuvlrIqufqHa&; e,f y ,f wu,f w rf ; toH k ; 0if \ / vl r I q uf q H a &;e,f y ,f wu,fwrf;toH;k 0ifrvnf; avmu Nir;f csr;f om,mrIukd jzpfapay S d vdrrnf/ odkYr[kwfbJ vl vlcsi;f qufqH&m ]]wxihfxihf}} jzihf qufqH fh ae&ygu avmuNidrf;csrf;om,mrIudk &EdkifzdkY taMumif;r&Sdacs/ xdaMumihf pum;ajym&mwGif rSereuefuefajymzdYk ta&;Bu;D \/ Yk f S f rS e f r S e f u ef u ef a jymqd k r I E S i h f ywf o uf jrih f j rwf o l w d k Y \ pum;rsm;onfvnf; t&d,m wd\ pum;uJoyif uHo;kH yg; wpfajzmifh Yk h Ykd wnf ; usyg\/ od k Y j zpf om jrih f j rwf o l w d k Y \ pum;rsm;ud k v nf ; usrf;*efrsm;wGif opyg&rD xnhfoGif;xm;jcif;jzpf\/ trSetm;jzihf avmu opm&Saom pum;rsm;udk qdMk uolrsm; f d onf opmrJaom pum;udk qdMk uolrsm;xuf ta&twGuf enf;yg;\/ h jA[Pusrf;rsm;\ tqdkt& acwfonf op,k*acwf? aMwwm,k* acwf? 'Ggy& ,k*acwf? uvd,*acwf [l acwftm;jzihf av;acwf k &S\/ xdwif opmpum;udk av;yHk yHvQif av;yHv;kH ajymaomacwfonf d k G k k op,* rnf\/ opmpum;udk av;yHk yHvQif oH;k yHajym aom acwfonf k k k aMwwm,k*acwf rnf\/ opmpum;udk av;yHk yHvQif ESpyajymaom k f kH acwfonf 'Ggy&,k*acwfrnf\/ opmpum; udk av;yHk yHkvQif wpfyEiwpfyatmufajymaom acwfonf uvd,*acwfrnf\/ kH S hf kH k Ak'"r tvif;a&mifudk urmodkY jzefYEdkifatmif BudK;yrf; &Edkifayrnf/ xdkodkY BudK;yrf;Edkif&ef vlqdkaomvlwkdif; wm0ef&Sd\/ txl;tm;jzihf opm ,HMk unfMuaom Ak'bmom0ifwi;f wm0ef&\/ kd dS

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ xdkwm0efudk ausyGef atmif pGrf;Edkifoavmuf xrf;&Guf&rnf jzpf\/ opmpum;ESihf ywfoufvQif rSefuef zdkYu ta&;BuD;\/ uHoHk;yg; a&SUaemufnDGwfzdkYu ta&;BuD;\/ y&dwfBuD; 0okwf iH;k rif;u opmjyKjcif;udk azmfjyxm;\/ iH;k rif;u opm jyKvuonfEihf dk f S wpfNyKd ieuf awmrD;onf avmifvufpudk ravmifEiawmhbJ iH;k rif;udk f kd f a&SmifoGm;\/ onfrSm rSefaomopmpum;\ tmEkabmfaMumifh jzpf\/ rSefaomopmpum;udk ewfa'0grsm;u apmifha&SmufMu\/ opmpum;\ tajccHonf ]]aomu}} jzpf Ediaomfvnf; wu,fwrf; k f opmtqihoYkd a&mufcserl ukovjf zpf\/ xdaMumifh aumif;usKd ;udk f d f kd Yk ay;Edkifjcif;jzpf\/ y|mef; Oyed,ypnf;cef; tukodkvfuvnf; ukovukd aus;Zl;jyKEionfyifjzpf\/ kd f kd f uPS m 'D y g,eZmwf vnf ; a>rud k u f c H & aomom;i,f tqdyajya&;twGuf &aoh Bu;D ? 'g,um? 'g,dumr oH;k OD;wdYk toD;oD; f opmjyK&m q&m&aohu ]]&aoh0wfESifh ae&aomfvnf; wpfaeYrS &aoh0wfEiraysmygbl;/ pum;onf rSeaompum;jzpfygw,f/ S hf f f rSeaompum;aMumifh uav; wufaeaom a>rqdyonf usygapom;}} f f [k opmjyKvu&m a>rqdyo;kH yHwpfyusom;\/ wpfzef 'g,um u dk f f k kH G ]]&aohukd rdbtpOftvmt& ud;k uG,jf cif; jzpfygw,f/ pdwxrm f J S enf;enf;rS rMunfnKd ygbl;/ pum;onf rSeaompum;jzpfygw,f/ f rS e f a ompum;aMumih f uav;i,f wuf a eaom tqd y f o nf usygapom;}} [k opmjyKvu&m a>rqdyo;kH yHEpyusom;\/ wpfzef dk f f k S f kH G 'g,dumru ]]rdbrsm;ay;pm;vdom cifye;f udk ,lc&jcif;jzpfygw,f/ Yk G hJ 'DcifyGef;udk enf;enf;rS rcspfcifygbl;/ pum;onf rSefaompum; jzpfygw,f/ rSeaompum;aMumihf uav;wufaeaoma>rqdyonf f f usygapom;}} [k opmjyKvu&m a>rqdyf oH;k yHv;kH usom;\/ Zmwf dk f k G vnf; olwjYkd yKMuaom opmpum;onf uHo;kH yg;vH;k a&SUaemufn\/ D xdkYaMumihf rSefuef\/ ajzmihfrwf\/ ajzmihfrwf rSefuefaom toH tmedoif&Sd\/ pGrf;tif&Sd\/ xdkYaMumifh opmjyK&jcif;jzpf\/ opm jyK&m Oywrutqihftaejzihf tukodkvfjzpfcsifjzpfEdkifaomfvnf; Zeutqihftaejzihfrl ukodkvfom jzpfEdkif\/ jAm[Pusrf;rsm; toHudk jAm[m[l qdk\/ jAm[onf ae&mwdkif;&Sd\/ ae&mwdkif; &Sdjcif;udk oAAsmyD[lqdk\/ xdkYtwl toHonfvnf; ae&mwdkif; &Sd\/ toHonf oAAsmyDyifjzpf\/ toHujkd zpfay:vmatmif vkyr&/ xGuay:vmatmifom vky&\/ f f f oufrJhvnf; toHonf&Sd\/ ouf&Sdvnf; toHonf&Sd\/ opfwHk;udk acgufMunhygu toHxuvmonfukd awGU&\/ ouf&twGuf Xmef f G f dS udkPf; y,wfwdkY tqifhodkYa&mufvmygu toHonf xGufvm\/ &Sdjcif;ESihfxGufay:jcif;onf jcm;em;\/ &Sdjcif;um; edp? xGufay:jcif; um; tedp/ &Sjd cif;wGif Oyg'f XD bif [lr&S/ xGuay:jcif;wGiom d f f Oyg'f XD bif [l&S\/ trSetm;jzihf Oyg'f XD bif [l r&SbJ xm0& d f d &Saeaom "ruom&Sjd cif;[lvnf;aumif;? t&Sw&m;[lvnf;aumif; d kd d qd&\/ Oyg'f XD bif [l &Saeaom "ruum; xGuay:jcif; [l k d kd f vnf;aumif;? tjzpfw&m;[lvnf;aumif; qdk&\/ opf w H k ; xJ vnf ; toH o nf & S d \ / ajrBuD ; xJ vnf ; toHonf&\/ taMumif; w&m;wdYk wkuqirr&Som rMum;&jcif;jzpf dS d f kd f I d \/ opfw;kH udk wkwEiacgufvuaomtcg toHonf xGuay:vm\/ f S hf dk f f ajrBu;D udk zaemifh ESifh aygufvuaomtcg toHonf xGuay: vm\/ dk f f wkwfESifhacgufjcif;? zaemifhESifhaygufjcif; onf taMumif;w&m;wkdY

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aygif ; qH k r I y if j zpf \ / taMumif ; w&m;wd k Y aygif ; qH k r I r &S d a omtcg toHonf xGuay:rvmawmh/ toHr&Sawmh r[kw/ taMumif;w&m; f d f wd k Y aygif ; qH k r I r &S d a omaMumih f o m toH x G u f r ay:vmjcif ; jzpf \ / trSetm;jzihf toHonf Oyg'f XD bif rJh tae jzihf xm0pOf&yg\/ f dS xdaMumifh toHukd ae&m wki;f &SonftwGuf jAm[m[lqdjk cif;jzpf\/ Yk d d h jAm[mjzpfygu oAowrEtaejzihf tEdi;f rJpr;f tif&\/ odjYk zpfvnf; d I h G dS opmjyK&jcif; jzpf\/ usdefpmwdkuf&jcif;jzpf\/ jAm[P0g'onf ax&0g'ESihf jcm;em;\/ jAm[P0g't& toHcsnf;oufoufuyif pGrf;tifteE&Sd\/ oHk;wwfzdkYomvdk\/ wE & 0g'[l o nf r S m jAm[ P 0g'rS cG J x G u f v maom 0g'yifjzpf\/ wE&0g'onf toHuk d toH;k csaom 0g'jzpf\/ ax&0g'um; toHcsnf; oufouf toHk;usaMumif;udkrqdk/ apwemESihf ,SOf&mwGifvnf; um,uH? 0pDu?H raemuHwukd wpfajzmifwnf;usrom opmxduojzihf Ykd h S k f toH;k usaMumif;udk qd\/ um,uH? 0pDu?H raemuH wdYk qdonfrm k k S w&m;ud,tm;jzihf um, apwem? 0pDapwem? raemapwemwdyif k f Yk jzpf Mu\/ odkYvQif jAm[P0g'ESihf ax&0g'wdkY onf tcsif;csif; jcm;em;Mu\/ xd k o d k Y y if jcm;em; aomf v nf ; toH E S i f h y wf o uf rSwom;zG,f [lorQukd ax&0g'twki;f om rSw,&rnfjzpf \/ f d f l vkyfief;rsm;udk vkyfMu&mwGif todu OD;aqmif\/ wpfzef todukd pum;vH;k rsm;u OD;aqmif\/ ud,awGUtm;jzihvnf; rnfonhf k f f t&m0wKudk odonfjzpfap? xdkodkYod&m pdwfxJu pum;vHk;rsm;udk toHrxGubJ &GwqNdk y;D rS odjcif;jzpf\/ acG;udovQivnf; acG;[l f f k d f &Gwq&\/ toHurl rxGu/ EGm;udovQivnf; pdwxu toHrxGubJ f kd f k d f f J f EGm;[l &Gwqkd Ny;D rS odjcif;jzpf\/ tjcm;bmudood pum;vH;k rsm;udk f k d a&S;OD;pGm &GwqNkd y;D rS od&av\/ xdYk aMumifh todukd pum;vH;k rsm;u f OD ; aqmif o nf [ k qd k j cif ; jzpf \ / tu,f t&m0w K wpf c k c k ud k t&m0wK wpfccre;f omodNy;D ,if;todEihf ywfoufaom pum;vH;k k k S S rsm;udk r&GwqEivQif ,if;todonf jynhpaom todr[kw/ f k d kd f f kH f tod [ l o rQonf pum;vH k ; ud k pd w f x J u &G w f q d k N yD ; rS odjcif;[ljzpfav&m todjzpf ay:wki;f pum;vH;k udk &GwqrI yg0if&\/ d f kd xdkodkY yg0ifojzihf pum;vHk;&GwfqdkrIudk toHxGufonf jzpfap? rxGuonfjzpfap &Gwqou Mum;&\/ wefc;kd &Sif ewfjA[mrsm;uvnf; f f kd l Mum;&\/ xdkYaMumihf bmudkyJBuHonfjzpfap? bmudkyJ od onfjzpfap xdxBkd uorQ? xdxoorQpum;vH;k ESihf uif;rjzpfaumif;aomaMumihf k H k kd d xdkxdkBuH orQ? xdkxdkodorQudk wefcdk;&Sif ewfjA[mrsm;u odMuonf yifjzpf\/ xdkYaMumifh rdrd\BuHpnfrI? rdrd\ odrIESifhywfouf rdrd udk,fwdkifu odovdk wefcdk;&Sif ewfjA[mrsm;uvnf; odMuonfyif jzpf\/ odjYk zpfav&m rdrtaejzihf opmudk qdk onf rSeapOD;? rdrqaom d f d kd opmonf wu,fwrf; opmxkdufonf rxkdufonfudk wefcdk;&Sif ewfjA[mrsm;u odMuayvdrrnf/ fh (qufvufazmfjyygrnf/) OD;a&Tatmif

DHAMMA TALKS

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18

"r0D&onf rsKd;quftwGuf jzpfonf/ 'Dvdkac:wm (rSefygY)/ ]]r&Swm tomae d &Sdwm&SmazG (emrf) tda`EN irNf irae d d f tJ'grS 'kut&Sdefao}} vdkY pyfxm;wJh uAsmav;uvnf; xda&mufw,f? 'umBu;D (rSeygY)/ 'Dvkd (ork',opm) jzpfapwJh (r&Sd f wm) tomaeqkwhJ trSm;jrif(ynwf)? ig? ol? a,musm;? rde;f r? yk*Kd v?f d f ow0g? oHo&mvnfaMumif; (t0dZm? wPSm? Oyg'gef? uH) udtomae k vdYk (y,f) xm;&w,f? &Swm&SmazG? trSe&whJ (t&d,opm) &zdYk trSef d f dS jrif(orm'd|) &zdYk (ormouFy)eJY rSepmBupnfvYkd (orm'd|) rSepmjrif d f G H d f G atmif vkyfae&wJhtcsdefrSm opmPf? udpPfqkdwJh trSefodzdkY? rSeaomudpuvyae&wJh tcsderm (pdw?f apwodu) jzpfMuwJh (emrf) f kd k f f S f udk NidrNf iraeyg? tJ'grS ('ku) t&SeaoNy;D ? 'kucsKy&m (edAmef) a&muf d f d f f aMumif; jzpfr,fqwhJ uAsmav;yg? csUJ wwf&if csUJ wwfovdk odEiw,f/ kd dk f 'umBuD;(rSefygYbk&m;)/ r&Swmudjk rif? &Swmudjk yifwwfwhJ d d ykxZOf tuef;wJh k tJ'gu bmvJqawmh ig? ol? a,musm;? rde;f r? yk*Kd vf ow kd f 0g(ynwf) awGqwmu wu,f&ovm; (r&Sygbk&m;)? at; tJ'r&Sd kd dS d D wmudyJ jrifwwfwhJ ykxZOftuef;vdYk ajym&wmaygY? &Swmudjk yifwwf k k d w,fqwmu bke;f Bu;D a[mxm;wJh wu,f&whJ (y&rwf)? ky?f a0'em? kd dS onm? ocFg&? 0dnmPfwjYkd zpfMuwJh cEmig;yg; (kyemrf) udrjrifwwfyJ f k ykxZOfw[m trSerodwhJ opmav;yg; rodwhJ (t0dZm)aMumihf (kyf k Ykd f emrf) udrjrifb;l ? ig? ol? a,musm;? rde;f r? yk*Kd v?f ow0gvdjYk rifNy;D r&Sd k f wmudk jrifwwfMuvdkY ykxkZOftuef;vdkY ac:&ygw,f (rSefygY)/ ("r)qdwm oabmw&m;vdo&w,f? a,"rm= tMuifw&m; k Yk d wdonf a[wkyb0g=taMumif;t&if; tp&Sue\/ (jzpfysu) aewJh Yk d k f f oabmw&m;wdkYonf? a[wHk- taMumif;jzpfaom ae&mESihf tcsdef (ork',) udvnf; (tm[)a[mawmfronf/ twdwtaMumif;jzpfwm k l f (ae&meJtcse)ygw,f? ig i,fi,fwe;f uwuovrmvdYk ajymvdu&if Y d f k kd f S k f BuH p nf v d k u f & if (ae&meJ Y t csd e f ) (ork ' ,) awG y gawmh igY u d k b,frdef;uav;u b,folu bmvkyfcJhwm? qkdwJht&ifu cHpm;cJhwJh ('ku)udk jyefcHpm;w,f? jyefjzpfaew,f/ ]]twdwpwomESyuyyg opm 4 jzm odpNr}J } wJ?h 'Dawmh f d f d f G f twdwfpdwfudk ESdyfuGyfvdkY&Sd&if (awoH) xdkjzpfjcif;? ysufjcif;oabm (tcsdefeJYae&m)wdkY&JU (jzpf)aewm[m (eda&ma"m)csKyfoGm;w,f? (jzpf ysu) csKyNf ir;f &mukvnf; igwd&UJ &Siawmfb&m;u (t[) a[mawmfrl f d d Yk f k w,fvYkd &Siom&dyw&mu 'Dvvnf; odom;w,f (rSeygY)/ f k kd G f (ynwf) tjrifu = ig? ol? a,musfm;? rdef;rtjrif (ynwf) tjrif&Sd&if= taoruif;Edkifbl;/ "armwd= obma0gwJ?h taMumif;tm;avsmpm jzpfwm? olrm f G Y S (tcseeae&m) ygw,f? (tcseeae&m) qufo,r&w,f/ (pdw)uav; d f YJ d f YJ G f I dS f jzpfwm (pdw) u obm0"ry?J (pdw) rSm (ynwf) ygaom pdwobm0 f f f (ynwf) rygaom pdwobm0&,fv&w,f/ (apwodu)eJY (ky)wd[m f Ykd dS f f Yk vnf; obm0 ("r)yJ? taMumif;tm;avsmpm jzpfwobm0rSm tcseeYJ f G hJ d f ae&mqdwm qufpyfaew,f (rSeygY)/ k f jzpfwmu (t0dZm? wPSm) aMumihy?J (t0dZm)u 'dwuovf f Yk kd pmrsufESm 23 okdY

Muw,f)/ ry,fbeym;aeMuw,f? (ed0&P) awG &ifrmyduNf y;D yGm;ae J YJ G S k Muw,f/ b,frmvJ (Pf) eJY t&ifq;kH (y,f) &r,fh (ork',opm) S &JU (udp)udk t&ifq;kH (y,f) &rSmudk t&ifrvkyMf ubl;? (Pf) ynmjzpf wJh (ormouFy? orm'd|d) eJY MunhfNyD; (ork',opm) jzpfapr,fh (y#dporkyg'f)wef;apwJh (t0dZm? wPSm? Oyg'gef? uH) jzpfapr,fh (ynwf) awGudk y,f&r,hf udpudk t&ifrvkyfMubl;/ w&m;a[mwmawGMunhf&ifvnf; (y#dporkyg'f) xnfhNyD; a[mrI? ajymrIawGu r&Soavmufy?J y,f&r,fh (ork',opm)qdwm d k (y#dporkyg'f)enf;eJYajymrS od&wmrsKd;yg/ (y#dporkyg'f)eJY cHNyD;ajymrS (cEmjzpfpOf)rSm ('kuopm)udk em;vnfr,f? (ork',opm)udk em;vnf MuawmhrmaygY? em;vnfrvnf; (y,f)EkiMf urSmaygY (rSeygY)/ S S d f (bma0wyA)yGm;&rSmu (orm'd|) jzpfNy;D rS 'D(orm'd|)t&d, d d opmudk (edAmef)a&mufonhtxd (yGm;)&rSmyg/ "rpMum&JU (r*opm)rSm f (udpPf) a[myHukd jyefMunhyg/ bdua0? &[ef;wdYk ]]wHacgyed''u k f H k eda&m" *grdey#dy'gt&d,opm bma0wAEd arbdua0}} wJ?h 'kucsKyf d &ma&muf&m (edAmef)a&mufaMumif; tusihfjzpfwJh (t&d,opm) udk (bma0wA)yGm;aptyfw,fvYkd 'Dvajymwmyg(rSeygY)/ kd f ('kuopm) udk odvYkd (ork',opm)udvnf; odvYkd (ork', k opm)qdkwJh 'kua&mufaMumif;jzpfapwJh (rdpmouFy)jzpfwJh (ed0&P ig;yg;) awG? (t0dZm? wPSm? Oyg'gef? uH)jzpfwhJ ('kuopm)jzpfaMumif; (ork',opm)awGy,fNy;D rS &vmwJh (orm'd|) uae jzpfvmwJh (t&d,m d opm)qdwhJ t&d,mwd&UJ tjrifre?f (qdu)? wJh (orm'd|)udk (edAmef)& k Yk S k f d onftxd (bma0wA)yGm;ayawmhvYkd (t&d,mopm)&wJtjrif (orm h 'd|) udomyGm;cdi;f wm/ (od? y,f? qdu?f yGm;)wJh tJ'g jyefvnfpOf;pm; d k k k oihfwmaygY...(rSefygY)/ (ork',) awG&aeMuwJh (ykxZOf) tuef;awG[m t&d,mvdk dS k rodMubl; trSejf rif(orm'd|) udk r&Muao;bl;? (t0dZm? wPSm)awGyJ d td;k pG&aeMuao;w,f/ 'Dvkd (ork',) tjrifawG td;k pGaeolrsm;udk J dS J w&m;pNy;D xdici;f wJtcgrSm? (ykxZOf)wdrm&SwhJ (ork',opm) 'ku k f kd h k Yk S d jzpfaMumif;awGukd t&if(y,f) &rnfup (ork',)awGukd (y[mwA) h d H y,f&rSmudk ry,fci;f yJeYJ ork',awG &if0,fyuBf u;D (bma0wA)yGm;cdi;f kd kd k aeovdkjzpfaew,f (rSefygY)/ (y[mwA) qdkwJh y,f&r,fhudpudk t&ifrvkyfvdkYrjzpfbl;/ (y[mwA)qdwm &SaeMuwJh (ork',) awG[m 'kuj zpfaMumif;jzpfvYkd k d ('ku) rjzpfatmif t&ify,f&wm? 'grS (t&d,mopm) t&d,mwdkY&JU tjrifre&rSmaygY? 'Dvtjrifreukd (0dyemorm'd|) ac:ac:? 'D(orm S f kd S f d 'd|)qkwhJ (t&d,mopm) t&d,mwd&UJ tjrifre&Ny;D rS (yGm;) &wmyg/ d d Yk S f (rSeygY)/ f (y[mwA) qdkwJh y,f&r,fhudpu (wPSm) udky,f&wm (t0dZm) udy,f&wm (Oyg'gef) udy,f&wmrsK;d (rSeygY) ("rpMum) rSm k k f y,f&r,fh (y[mwA)udk jrwfpmbk&m;u 'Dupukd t&ifq;kH vkyMf ubdYk G d yg,frupukd t&ifq;kH a[mygw,f/ (t&d,opm)usrS (bma0wA) udk I d a[mygw,f/ ("rpMum) w&m;eJY uduMf unh&if odygvdrr,f...(rSeygY)/ k f fh f (wPSm)jzpfaMumif;u (,HocFwH)? (wPSm) csKyfaMumif;u (,HtocFwH)? tJ'D toFcwHu (opduwA)wJh/ tbdan,s? y&dnmESifh y[mwA? opuwAbma0wA d opmav;jzm q&mrulbJ odawmfrlonfh jrwfpGmbk&m;vdkY

SPECIAL GIVE A MORALIZING TALKS

"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

19

&efukefNrdKU? ausmufukef;awm& ar'deDpmoifwkduf omoe"Z od&Dy0& "rmp&d,? ygVdyg&*l? 0de,yg&*l? *P0gpu t*r[m*E0gpuy@dw? t*r[my@dw

q&mawmft&Sifaum0d'"Z a[mMum;awmfrltyfaom
(o' r a 'oem ar'd e D w &m;aygif ; csKyf )

urm&efolBuD; okH;rsKd;w&m;awmf
yJcl;qm;vdk arm[udk
oHo&mwpfci usivnfusupm; ajy;oGm;aeMuukeaom G f f f f vlewfjA[m ow0gwdEifh vGepm&if;ES;D rdw&if;aqG&if;jzpfaom avmb? Yk S f G f a'go? arm[w&m;udk a[majymzd&efyifjzpfayw,f/ 'Darm[w&m;qdk Yk wmuawmh yJ c l ; qm;yrm avmbjzpf w J h ae&mrS m vJ ol y gwmyJ / a'gojzpfwJh ae&mrSmvJ olygwmyJ/ a'gojzpfwJh ae&mrSmvJ olygwm yJ ('umBu;D OD;pde&UJ )/ 'gaMumihf arm[w&m;vdYk qd&wmud;k / todPf f k &Sc&if avmbjzpfzYkd tmHEifh awGUaomfvJ avmbrjzpfatmif xde;f odr;f d hJ k S apmihfa&SmufEkdifr,faygY? a'gojzpfzdkY tmHkESihf awGU&ifvJ a'gorjzpf atmif xde;f odr;f apmiha&SmufEi&ayr,faygY? todPf? 0dZmr&Sjd cif; f dk f aMumihomvQif avmb? a'gowdjYk zpfMu&wmyJw/ arm[udk t0dZmvdYk f hJ ac:ao;w,faemf/ todPf0dZmr&Sdjcif;udk t0dZm[kac:wmudk;/ 'Darm[w&m;qdkwm2/ okwy&dykpm0d[Daem= tMum;tjrif? A[kokw t00udk ar;jref;avhvmrI r&Sdjci;f[laom taMumif;ESpfcsufaMumifhyifjzpf&ay w,f/ 'Darm[w&m;jzpfaMumif; ESpfyg;uawmh avmb? a'gojzpf aMumif;w&m;rsm;vdk t*FgESpfyg;jzihf jynhfpHkrS jzpfwwfwm r[kwfbl;aemf/ wpfyg;wnf;eJYvJ arm[jzpfEkdifwmygyJwJh/ ykaA rZygeA[kavm? a&S;u t&ufaopm aomufpm;jci;fqkd wJh 'Dt*FgwpfcsufaMumihfvJ todPfenf;yg;jci;f? awGa0rkdufrJjcif; arm[jzpfwmygyJ/ aemufNy;D awmh okwy&dypm0d[aem? tMum;tjrif A[kow k D k t00udk ar;jref;avhvmrIrS ,kwavsmjh ci;f? (0g) ar;jref;avhvmrI r&Sd f jcif;qdkwJh 'Dt*FgwpfcsufaMumihfvJ todPfenf;yg;jcif;? awGa0rdkufrJ jcif;qdwhJ arm[w&m;jzpfym;wwfwmygyJw/ 'gaMumihrYkd a&S;u avmb? k G hJ f a'gow&m;wdkYvdk taMumif;t*FgESpfyg; nDGwfrS jzpfw,fvdkY rrSwfMu eJYaemf/ t*Fgwpfyg;wnf;eJYvJ arm[jzpfwwfw,f/ a&S;b0 taMumif; ESihfajymvQifawmh/ ]]wd&pmea,med,m 0g p0dwm "lyyaEmwd {0H ykAmpdP G ed'gemwd 0'Ed}} [l 0dok'dr*frSm zGihfjyxm;wJhtwdkif; wd&pmefb0rS pkawum vlYb0odkY a&mufvmaom olrsm;vJ arm[w&m; tm;BuD; wwfowJh/ ('umBuD; OD;pdef&JU) ,if;wd&pmefb0rS pkaw vlYjynf jzpfjcif;udkvJ arm[jzpfjcif;&JU a&S;b0 taMumif;t*FgwpfcsufyJvdkY rSwfom;&r,faemf/ odkYtwGufaMumihf 'Darm[jzpfaMumif;rsm;udkvJ rSwom;vG,atmif 'DvuFmav;rsm;udom aqmifxm;Muayawmh/ f f k (aqmif) 1/ t&ufaopm? aomufpm;yg? rSefpGmawGa0rnf/ 2/ Mum;jrif o k w ? rar;u? rk c sawG a 0rnf / t&ufaopm aomufpm;jcif;aMumihfvnf; awGa0jcif;qdkwJh arm[w&m;jzpfyGm;wwfw,f/ tMum;tjrif A[kokw t00udk ravh vm rar;jref;jcif;aMumihvJ awGa0jcif;qdwhJ arm[w&m;jzpfym;wwf f k G w,fqwhJ arm[jzpfaMumif; w&m;rsm;[m avmursujf rifyif tvGef kd xif&Sm;odomvSayw,faemf/ arm[w&m; zHk;vTrf;xm;vQif trSm;udkyif trSefxifjrifNyD; vkyfoihfaom tvkyfudk rvkyfyJ rvkyfoihfaom tvkyfudk jyKvkyfwwf w,f/ ajymqdoihaom pum;udk rajymqdyJ rajymqdoihaom pum; k f k k f udkom ajymqdkwwfw,f/ rBuHpnfoihfaom tBuHtpnfudkom BuHpnf wwfayw,f/ arm[Bu;D rm; todPfenf;yg;wJh ae&mrSmawmh O'g,Drax&f tavmif ; yk P m ;[m rS w f w r;f w if a vmuf w J h yk * d K vf y J j zpf y gw,f / pmrsufESm 28 okdY

arm[jzpf j ci;f t aMumif ; &if ; (2)yg;

or,w"rm rk,Ed {awemwd arma[m/ k S {awe? w&m;oabmjzihf/ or,kw"arm? or,kw w&m; wdkYonf/ rk,SEd? awGa0wwfukef\/ wd? xdkodkY awGa0aMumif; jzpfaomaMumih/ arma[m? arm[rnf\wJ/ f h rdrEifh ,SOazmf,Ozufjzpfaom or,ww&m;wdukd awGa0 d S f S f k f Yk apwwfaomaMumihf arm[[k ac:qdjk cif;jzpfowJ/ aemufNy;D awmhh o,H 0g rk,SwDwd arma[m/ rk,SeH 0g arma[m/ (0g) wpfenf;um;/ o,H? rdrdonf/ rk,Swd? awGa0wwf\/ wd? xdaMumih?f arma[m? arm[rnf\wJ/ Yk h rdr[qtyfaom arm[uduyif awGa0wwfaom oabm d k kd k vuPm&SdowJh/ (0g) wpfenf;um;? rk,e?H awGa0jcif;? arma[m? awGa0jcif;/ S aemufwpfenf;uawmh awGa0wwfaom oabmudyifvQif k arm[[kac:qdkonf[k rSwf&rnfwJh/ awGa0jcif;? rodem;vnfjcif;? todPfenf;yg;jcif;[laom pum;rsm;rSm t"dyg ,fwl pum;rsm;/ (0g) y&d , m,f w l pum;rsm;yif j zpf a yw,f / rd r d \ tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;ud k v J rod w wf / ol w pf y g;\ tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;ud k v nf ; rod w wf j cif ; / wpf e nf ; tm;jzih f qd k & vQif trS m ;ud k t rS e f x if j cif ; ? trS e f u d k trSm;xifjcif;rsm;onf arm[ w&m;qdk;\ vTrf;rdk;jc,fvS,frIudk cH&jcif;yif jzpfayw,f/ arm[rsm;jcif; todPfenf;yg;jcif;qdkwm 1/ ykaA rZygeA[kavm= a&S;tcgu ao&ufukd aomufpm; rIrsm;jcif;/ (0g) t&ufaopmaomufpm;rI vGefuJjcif;/

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rH&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwduf? usrf;jy k k

v,fwDq&maw

k a&;om;jyKpawmfr

v,fwDedAmefw

The Ledi Dhamma by MAHA THERA LED (v,fweAmefusr;) (L Dd f

(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) aomw0d n mPf p d w f rd;k oHv;kH a&oHv;kH avoHv;kH pnfov;kH acgif;avmif; oHv;kH H vloH acG;oH MuufoH iSufoH tp&Sdaom toHpkonf em; ac:aom aomw"mwfrevnf;aumif;? ESv;kH tdrwi;f &Sd raem"mwfrevnf; S f f G S f aumif; tMunf"mwfrSefESpfck ra&S;raESmif; wpfNydKifeuf wpfcsuf wnf; ay:onf ckdufonf/ xdxcuronfvnf; rd;k BuKd ;usouJoYkd jyif;xefonf/ aomw k d kd f I h tMunfrSm toHvHk;ay:csuf xdcdkufcsuf'Pft[kefaMumifh aomw tMunfay:rSm 0dnmPfpdwfwzGm;zGm;jzpfay:onf/ xdk0dnmPfpdwfudk aomwtMunfay:rSm jzpfay:jcif;aMumihf aomw0dnmPfpwf ac:onf/ d toHpJjyefvQif xdkaomw0dnmPfpdwfonf aoaysmufuG,fqHk;jyef\/ raemtMunfrm xdcucsu'Pft[keaMumihf xdtoHuod S kd f f f k kd aom 0DxpwtpOf wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:onf/ atmufu jyqdcNhJ y;D aom d d f k acgif;avmif;yrmuJhodkY xdktoHcdkuf'PfNidrf;jyefvQif xdk0DxdpdwftpOf aoaysmufuG,fqHk;jyef\/ (em;ESifhMum;Mum;orQ enf;csnf;odav/) aomwtMunf ? o' g H k ? aomw0d n mPf p d w f "mwf o H k ; yg;ud k wpf c suf w nf ; "mwf Pf a yguf a tmif I e nf ; NyD ; \/ Cme0d n mPf p d w f acG;aoaumifyyteHY vlaoaumifyyteHY a>raoaumifyyf k f k f k teHY pHy,feYH ESi;f qDeYH a'geeHY a&arT;eHY tp&Saom teHponf ESmacgif; d Y k ac:aom Cme"mwfrevnf;aumif;? ESv;kH tdrwi;f &Sd raem"mwfre S f f G S f vnf;aumif; tMunf"mwfrSefESpfck ra&S;raESmif; wpfNydKifeuf wpfcsufwnf; ay:onfckdufonf/ xdkxdcdkufrIonfvnf; rdk;BudK;usouJhodkY jyif;xefonf/ Cme tMunfrm teHv;kH ay:csuf xdcucsu'Pft[keaMumihf CmetMunf S Y kd f f f tay:rSm 0dnmPfpwf wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:onf/ xd0nmPfpwukd Cme d k d d f tMunfay:rSm jzpfjcif;aMumihf Cme0dnmPfpdwf ac:onf/ teHYpJjyef vQif xdCme0dnmPfpwonf aoaysmufu,q;kH jyef\/ k d f G f raemtMunfrSm xdcdkufcsuf'Pft[kefaMumihf xdkteYHudk
~~Sotavinnanacitta . All sound such as the rumbling in the skies the sound of rushing water and winds; the boom of a drum, the ringing of bells, noises made by people, barking dogs, crowing rooters and birdsong impinge upon the sensory surface of the ear as well as on the sensory surface of the consciousness more or less simultaneously. This impact which is as powerful as a lightning strike triggers the cognitive process. As this development occurs on ~the sensory surface of hearing, it is called sotavinnan.acitta. When the sound waves cease, this cognitive process of hearing is also stilled. The impact of sound on the sensory surface of consciousness results in the cognitive process of sound occurring and recurring. When the sound dies out, this cognitive process is also quelled. Because of its impact on the sensory surface of consciousness. the cognitive process of this sound occurs repeatedly. As given in the example of a ringing bell, once the sound waves cease to impinge on it, the cognitive process also ceases. (Know that this process is ture for all that is heard by the ear.) This concludes the exposition on the way to contemplate the interaction between the sensory surface of hearing, sounds and the cognitive process of hearing. ~~Ghanavinnanacitta . The malodorous smell of a dead dog, a corpse, a dead snake or the aroma of jasmines, roses, and perfume. All come into contact with the sense receptor of the nose, and more or less at the same time with the sensory surface of the heart (ie. the seat of consciousness) This impact has the explosive power of lightning and triggers the cognitve process of smell to erupt repeatedly. Since this cognitive process of sensation occurs in the nose it is called ~~ghanavinn an.a citta. In the sensory surface of consiciousness, the impact of the smell starts to activate the olfactory cognitive process repeat-

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

21

wduf? usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

k l om;jyKpawmfraom

mma on Nibba na by A LEDI SAYADAW ;) (Ledi Nibban)

odaom 0DxpwtpOf wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:onf/ xdteHcuf 'PfNir;f jyef d d f k Y kd d vQif xdk0DxdpdwftpOf aoaysmufuG,fqHk;jyef\/ (ESmacgif;ESihfeHorQ enf;csnf;odav/) ES m acgif ; &S d CmetMunf ? teH Y t rsd K ;rsd K ;[l a om *E m H k ? xd k E S m acgif ; tMunf r S m jzpf a y:aom Cme0d n mPf p d w f oH k ; yg;ud k wpf c suf w nf ; "mwf Pf a yguf a tmif I e nf ; NyD ; \/ Zd 0 S m 0d n mPf p d w f tcsKd tcsOf tief tpyf tzef tcg; tp&Saom t&om d pkonf vQmac:aom Zd0m"mwfrevnf;aumif;? ESv;kH tdrwi;f &Sd raem S S f f G "mwfrevnf;aumif;? tMunf"mwfreEpc ra&S;raESmif; wpfNyKd if S f S f S f k euf wpfcsufwnf;ay:onf ckdufonf/ xdkxdcdkufrIonfvnf; rdk;BudK;usouJhodkY jyif;xefonf/ Zd0Sm tMunfrm t&omay:cduf xdcucsu'Pft[keaMumihf Zd0mtMunf S k dk f f f S ay:rSm 0dnmPfpdwf wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:onf/ xdk0dnmPfpdwfudk Zd0Sm tMunfay:rSm jzpfay:jcif;aMumihf Zd0m0dnmPfpwf ac:onf/ t&om S d pJjyefvQif xdkZd0Sm0dnmPfpdwfonf aoaysmufuG,fqHk;jyef\/ raemtMunfrm xdcucsu'Pft[keaMumihf xdt&omudk S kd f f f k odaom 0DxpwtpOf wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:onf/ xdt&omcku'Pf Nir;f d d f k d f d jyefvQif xd0xpwtpOf aoaysmufu,q;kH jyef\/ (vQmESivsuorQ k D d d f G f fh f enf;csnf;odav/) vQmtjyif Zd0SmtMunf? tcsdK tcsOf tp&Sdaom &omHk? vQm tMunfay:rSm jzpfay:aom Zd0Sm0dnmPfpdwf? "mwfoHk;yg;udk wpf c suf w nf ; "mwf Pf a yguf a tmif I e nf ; NyD ; \/ um,0d n mPf p d w f um,[laom rSeftMunfonfum;- OD;acgif;OD;xdyfrSp ajcz0g;tjyifwiatmif ud,wi;f ud,y tom;taoG;&SorQ tvH;k pHukd kd f k f G k f d k tukeEjYHS ym;wnf\/ jrjrxufaom tyfom;ESifh xd;k prf;vQif emrSe;f f G od&m t&yfpkonf um,"mwftMunf&Sdonfcsnf;wnf;/ yx0DMurf; yx0DEtrsKd ;rsKd ; tyltat;[laom awaZm trsKd ; k
edly until contact with that smell ceases, as a result of which the olfactory cognitive process also disappears. (All the odours and aromas that impinge on the nose go through this process.) This concludes the expostion on the way to contemplate the interaction between the sensory receptor of smell in the nose, the various odours, aromas and the cognitive process of smelling. - ~~Jivhavinnanacitta . Sweet, sour, salty, hot or astringent flavours impinge on the tongue, the sense receptor of taste and more or less at the same time, the sensory surface of the consciousness. This impact has the explosive power of a lightning strke and the impact of particular flavour on the sense receptor of the tongue triggers the cogitive process of taste repeatedly. This - ~ ~cognitive process is known as the jivhavinnanacitta as it occurs on the sensory surface of the tongue. When the flavour ceases to be felt, the cognitive process also vanishes. The impact on the senory surface of the consiciousness also triggers the cognitive process of this flavour repeatedly, and when this flavour does not come into contact anymore, the cognitive process cease as well. (Know that any flavour that comes into contact with the tongue goes through the same process.) This concludes the exposition on how to contemplate on the trio of the sensory surface of the tongue, various flavours and the jivhavi~ ~an.acitta the cognitive process of taste. nn ~~The Kayavinanna citta From the fonatelle of the head right down to the soles of the foot, consciousness is diffused all over the body. Pricking with a sharp needle, it can be ascertained that wherever a pricking sensation is felt, it marks a spot where the sensory surface of the body is present. All kinds of elements of extension, coarse and fine, of heat from cold to hot, of cohesion, from violent to gentle momentum all end up in the sensory surface of consciousness. When-

efw&m;awmfrsm;

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

22

"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ionf/

ever the sensation of warmth is felt in toasting the soles of the feet in front of a fire, or the cooling sensation that comes after washing the soles of the feet with water, these sensations of coolness or warmth impinge once on the sensory surface of the soles of the feet and once on the sensory surface of the consciousness. This impact is as powerful as the strike of a thunder~ ~bolt. As a result of this impact, kayavin nanacitta is felt all over the soles of the foot. In the heart, the seat of consciousness, the cognitive process of peceiving heat and cold occurs repeatedly. When this heat or cold disappears, the cognitive process and the resultant group all pass into oblivion. In the interior of the body as well as on its exterior, there are spots that are sensitive to ambient temperature, or to pain, or aches, or bites, or stiffness of the muscles, or numbness or pain. How each senation is felt is along the above process. This concludes the exposition on how to perceive the sensory receptor of the body, sensation of touch and the cognitive process of tactile sensation. ~~The Manovinnanacitta . . The passive state of mind (bhavanga) that repeatedly asserts itself like the waters of a spring is known as the sensory receptor of consciousness. When the mind turns towards an object in the past, this object mirrored in the passive state of mind that is the sensory surface is not sharply delineated but blurred and where this is directed towards does not appear in that person's mind. When one sleeps throughout the night, aside from dreams that are dreamt, there is no way of knowing where this passive state of mind was directed during that period or what objects were seen at that time. The sensory surface of the passive state of mind is like the ever flowing waters of a river and what one goes on during that period is comparable to dying a little death. At a particular time when the objects of the mind (a ramman a) like the disc of the sun or moon strikes the sensory . surface of consciousness after penetrating the sense receptor of the eye, the sensory surface quivers like a snake or worm that has been dealt a blow with a stick or spear. At that point, the impinging ceases the cognitive process also like the meteors or shooting stars that eventually vanish into nothingness. All six sensations apart from seeing, hearing, smell, taste and tactile feeling on the body, all are reflected in the sensory surface of the consciousness. At that instance also, this sensory surface of consciousness (mano dhatu) that is the passive state . of mind (bhavanga) quivers vibrantly and mental advertence and cognitive mpulses (avajjana, javana) begin their functions of thinking. When impact and reflections of such objects cease, the meteors and shooting stars that have been active now pass into oblivion. This concludes the exposition on how to contemplate successfully on the trio of manodhatu, dhammaramana and ~n ana. ~manovin (To be continue)

rsKd ;? t[keMf urf; t[keE[aom 0ga,mtrsKd ;rsKd ;pkonf xdum,tMunf f k l k rSmcsn;f qdu&onf/ ajcz0g;tjyifukd rD;ESiuif; ylre;f od&m? a&ESifh k f fh S aq; at;rSe;f od&mwd xdyrI at;rIwonf ajcz0g;tjyif&dS um, Yk k l Y kd "mwfMunfprm wpfcsu?f ESv;kH tdrwi;f &Sd raemtMunfBu;D rSmwpfcsuf k S f G wpfNydKifeufay:av\? cdkufav\? wdkufav\/ xdxrI wduronf rd;k BuKd ;rSeouJoYkd jyif;xef\/ jyif;xefaom k d k f I f h 'PfcsuaMumifh ajcz0g;tjyifwpfcv;kH rSm um,0dnmPfpwtjynhay: f k d f f av\/ ESv;kH tdrtwGi;f rSm xdtyltat;udoaom 0DxpwtpOf wawG f k k d d d f awG jzpfay:av\/ xdktyl xdktat;pk aysmufpJvQif xdk0dnmPfpk xd0xtpk aysmufysuaoqH;k av\/ k D d f twGi;f tjyif wpfu,v;kH ylre;f od&mXme? at;rSe;f od&mXme? kd f S emrSe;f od&mXme? usire;f od&mXme? udure;f cJre;f anmif;rSe;f nmrSe;f f S k f S S xHre;f atmifre;f tihre;f vIyre;f wkere;f od&mXme ponfwrm k S h S f S f S f S Ykd S enf;csn;f wnf;/ (um,0dnmPf"mwf ay:rIuoav/) kd d um,"mwf r S e f ? azm|A m H k ? um,0d n mPf p d w f "mwf o H k ; rsd K ;ud k "mwf Pf a yguf a tmif I e nf ; NyD ; \/ raem0d n mPf p d w f ESvHk;tdrfwGif; prf;a&yGufouJhodkY wvufvuf wvif;vif; wzGm;zGm;rjywfrpJ tNrjJ zpfay:aeaom b0ifpwukd raemtMunf d f qdonf/ k xd k b 0if p d w f [ k qd k t yf a om raemtMunf o nf a&S;b0a[mif; ESifh pyfaomtmHuom tmHjk yKonfjzpfvnf;aumif;? k kd xd k o d k Y j yKaomf vnf ; xif v if ; aomjyKjcif ; r[k w f / rxif r &S m ;aomjyKjcif ; om jzpf vnf ; aumif ; ? tb,f u d k tmHjk yKonf[k yk*Kd voPmefrm ay:awmhonf r[kw/ wpfnOfv;kH f S f h tdyfae&m tdyfrufrSmudkvTwf b0ifpdwftmHk jyKcsufESihf igonf b,f t mH k u d k awG U jrif & onf [ k rod a v/ xd k b 0if [ l aom raemtMunfvnf; jrpfa&tpOfuojYkd zpf aepOftcg xdy*Kd vf onf hJ k k aoi,f aoaeownf;/ tMuiftcg ae0ef; v0ef;paom tmHerwonf puKtMunf k d d f paom tMunfig;rsKd ;wdr0if xdb0if[aom raemtMunfrmay:\? Yk S k l S cdkuf\/ xdktcg xdkb0iftMunfonf wkwf vSH'Pfxdaom a>ruJhodkY vnf;aumif;? wDuovnf;aumif; qwfqwfcgx<u jywfpNJ y;D vQif hJ Ykd xdae&mrSm Mu,fOumvH;k awGay:xGuvmouJoYkd xdcuvmaom tmHk k f h kd f udk odaom 0DxpwawG ay:xGuav\/ xdtcdutwduf jy,faysmuf d d f f k k f k jyefvQif Mu,fOumvHk;awG uG,faysmufysufqHk;ouJhodkY aoaysmuf ysufqHk; av\/ tMuiftcg jrifrI Mum;rI eHrI vsufrI udk,frSmawGUxdrIwdkYrS tvGwjf zpf ajcmufyg;aomtmHwonf raemtMunfoufoufrmom k Ykd S xifvmuke\/ xdtcgrSmvnf; xdb0if[aomraemtMunfonf qwf f k k l qwfcgcg vIy<f u jywfpNJ y;D vQif tm0Ze;f aZmwdonf jzpfay: xdk Yk tmH0wKtrIupwukd Buzefue\/ txiftcdupjJ yefvQif xdtm0Ze;f k d Ykd H k f k f k aZmwdkYonf ay:xGufaom Mu,fOumvHk;awG aysmufuG,fouJhodkY aysmufuG,faoqHk;Muavukef\/ b0if [ l a om raemtMunf " mwf ? "r m H k ? raem0d n mPf "mwf o H k ; yg;ud k "mwf Pf a yguf a tmif I e nf ; NyD ; \/

DHAMMA TALKS
"r0D&onf Ak'\ax&0g' "rw&m;tppfxGef;um;&ef jzpfonf/ pmrsufESm 16 rS aorS m aMumuf o l aopum;ajym avmuwGif aorSmaMumufoonf aopum;udk rMumcP l ajymwwfMuonf/ cEm 'ku cHpm;&wdi;f aorSmaMumufonf/ aorSm k aMumufwi;f aopum;ajymwwfMuonf/ onfrm vlobm0w&m; kd S Y yif r[kwfygvm;/ 'Dvdkom ao&rSmudk awG;aMumufaevQifvnf; vlavmurSm aep&myifr&SEiawmhay/ Y d kd f aorS m raMumuf x d k 5-a,muf jrwfAk'&Sifawmfbk&m;u aorSmraMumufaomol (5) rsdK; &SdaMumif; a[mMum;awmfrlcJhonf/ (1) ud,pwEv;kH oH;k yg;vH;k jzihf raumif;rIrjyKoonf aorSm k f d f S l raMumuf/ (0d"l&ZmwuygVdawmf) (2) aumif;rIwdkYudkjyKNyD; ylaZmfzG,fwdkYudk ylaZmfukefvsuf wrvGeavmuudk &Si;f vif;um w&m;wnfaomolonf aorSmraMumuf/ f (okwaomrZmwu ygVdawmf) (3) rdbESpyg;udk auR;arG;jyKpvsu?f w&m;ojzihf &tyfaom f k pnf;pdrcsr;f omjzihf tpd;k &um wrvGeavmuudk &Si;f vif;w&m;t&m f f wnfaomolonf aorSmraMumuf/ (okwaomrZmwuygVdawmf) (4) aqGrsdK;rdwfo*F[wdkY\wm0efudk ausyGefw&m;ojzihf &tyfaompnf;pdrcsr;f omjzihf wrvGeavmuudk &Si;f vif;vsuf w&m; f f wnfaomolonf aorSmraMumuf/ (okwaomrZmwu ygVdawmf) (5) rsm;pGmukeaom tvSL'gewdukd ay;vSLvsuf orP jA[P f Yk wdukd a&mif&apum wrvGeavmuudk &Si;f vif; w&m;wnfaomol Yk h J f onf aorSmraMumuf/ (okwaom rZmwuygVdawmf) ponfwum; jrwfA'a[mMum;xm;aom Ykd k aorSmraMumuf xdk (5) a,mufwYkd jzpfMuygownf;/ ]]pd&H wd|wk o'arm}} jrwf a 0 (a&T j ynf o m) pmrsufESm 17 rS ausmif;om;b0 twdwf(tcsdef) aygY/ wuodkvfausmif;rSmqdkwmu= (ae&m) aygY? (jzpfwm) u pdwxrmtaMumif;tm;avsmpm jzpfvmwJh f J S f G tcg wuovausmif;wke;f uqdwhJ (tcseeae&m) ygaeNy?D tJ'g (raem kd f k d f YJ pdw) xJrmjzpfvmwm (raem0dnmPf) (jzpfwm) udoatmifajymwm f S k d (rSeygY)/ f obm0w&m;("r) qdkwm tJ'Dvdk jzpfcgrQyJwJh? tJ'Dwkef;u (ig) vdkY ('d|d) pGJ,lvdkuf&if (ig'ku) ygoGm;w,f/ ("r)qdkwJh (obm0 w&m;) qdkwm jzpfcgrQav;yJ taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm jzpfcgrQav;udk obm0 ("r)vdYk ac:w,f/ bmjzpfwmvJ 'dwuovausmif;wke;f u Yk kd f trSw&wmav;udaygY/ atmif;arhwmav;jzpfw,f? 'Dawmh atmif;arh f k wJh (0dnmPf) pdwrm (onm? a0'em? wPSm)jzpfaew,f? tJ'g obm0 f S ("r)yJ? vlea&mawmh vlow0gawGjzpfay:aewmaygY? a&mwJtay:rSm YJ h jzpfaeewm? a&mwmu (t0dZm? ocFg&? wPSm? Oyg'gef)awG (ork', opm) awGa&maewmaygY(rSeygY)/ f (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

23

olowfa,musm;oH;k a,muf f
yxrol o wf a ,musf m ; rdbarmifbm;? aqGrsKd ;Mum;rS? G qGum,lom;? pkwxm;cJ?h J G d rrSm;&rSm? ZmwdcEmwJh ../ / 'k w d , ol o wf a ,musf m ; Zmwdup? Z&m&onf? tpcEm? rGrGomacR? Z&mr,Gif;? 'Pf&mjyif;jzihf? vufwGif;r&P usa&muf&/ / wwd , ol o wf a ,musf m ; Z&may;tyf? jzpf&yfudk? txyfxyfni;f ? owfjzwfjcif;jzih?f aorif;r&P? oufqif;&/ / ol o wf a ,musf m ; oH k ; a,muf o m; Zmwdoowf? Z&mtyfonf? l txyfxyfni;f ? 'Pf&mjyif;rS? twif;r&P? owfjzwfMuonf? olowfa,musm;? oH;k a,mufom;wnf;/ f udk B uD; aEG ; (ykZ Ge fa wmif)

jA[ p d k & f w &m;tNrJ y G m ;

qif;&Jcsr;f om? ra&G;yg ow0gtm;vHk;? cspfcifyg? ]]arwm}} pdwfxm;yg/ / ow0grsm;? qif;&Jaomf oem;Muifem? &Sapaomf d ]]ukPm}} pdwxm;aemf/ / f ow0grsm;? csr;f omvm; 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om? apwemxm;? ]]rk'wm}} pdwxm; tNrym;/ / d f J G qif;&Jorsm; rulEijf im; l dk a'gorxm; uHygwum; ]]Oayum}} pdwEv;kH om;/ / f S Ak d v f a omif ; -{'if

DHAMMA DEW

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"r0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/ csrf ; omjcif ; ES i h f qif ; &J j cif ; aES m if z G J U cH & jcif ; ES i h f vG w f a jrmuf j cif ; jzpf j cif ; ES i h f ysuf j cif ; a&G U vsm;jcif ; ES i h f &yf w nf j cif ; umvESihf |me if;wdonf wpfcEifh wpfctjyeftvSef rScaxmufxm;aeMu Yk k S k D kd aom pdwu;l Buqcsuf oufoufrsm;omjzpfonf/ xdoYkd Bupnfpwu;l f H k H d f jcif;onf rm,momjzpfonf/ odr&Sjd cif; oknoabmudk &Si;f jyMu Yk &m rm,m0g'udk toH;k jyKMuonf/ &S H u m&toH k ; cscJ h a om rm,m0g' at'D 7 &mpk [dEL ynm&SBd u;D &Sum&onf rm,m0g'udk H toHk;csvsuf [dEL0g'udk toGifajymif;vJcJhonf/ [dELwdkY\ tjrwfqHk;aom bk&m;onf xm0&bk&m;jzpf\/ pMu0Vmurmavmu"mwfBu;D wpfcv;kH ESifh ouf&dS oufrhJ t&mtm; k vH;k wdukd zefqif;awmfraom bk&m;jzpfonf/ xdb&m;onf t&mcyf Yk l k k odr;f [lorQwukd tvH;k pHoawmfronftjyif wefc;kd awaZmftmEkabmf Ykd k d l h ESihfvnf; jynhfpHkawmfrlonf/ bk&m;\ trnfrSm oTm&jzpfonf/ oTm&bk&m;onf urmavmuBuD;ray:aygufrDuyif&Sd aeonf/ bmrQr&Saom av[mjyifBu;D xJwif urmBu;D udk zefqif;vduf d G k onf[qonf/ onfrm tem'dteE tqH;k tpr&Saom jzpfpOfjzpf k kd S d &yfBu;D jzpfonf/ avmutwGi;f &S&orQaom t&mwdonf bk&m;xHrS d dS Yk omvQif aygufzGm;jzpfxGef;Mu&onfcsnf;jzpfonf/ aoausysufpD;MuaomtcgwGifvnf; ,if;bk&m;xHokdYom yl;aygif;a&muf&om;Mu&jci;fjzpfonf/ xm0&bk&m;onfomvQif t&m dS G &mwdkY\ wnf&mrSD&mjzpfonf/ trSefopmw&m;jzpfonf/ ur m avmuBuD ; ES i h f wuG &S d o rQ tm;vH k ; rm,m [dEL ynm&SBd u;D &Sum&\ tvdt& urmavmuBu;D wpfck H k vH;k onf rm,mjzpfonf/ urmavmu &S&orQ t&mtm;vH;k wdonf d dS Yk vnf; pdwful;vSnhfpm;csufrsm;omjzpf rm,mjzpfavonf/ trsKd ; rsKd ; aom zG i h f q d k c suf r sm;ES i h f r m,m jrefrmpm tbd"mefwif rm,mudk emrfy'tjzpfjyNy;D teuf G k f t"dyg ,ftm;jzihf vSnywfjci;f? jzm;a,mif;jcif;[kziqonf/ rm,myk'f fh G fh kd rSm ygVda0g[m&oufoufomvQifjzpfonf/ oD[dkVfuRef;t&Sifarm*vmefrax&fpD&ifaom tbd"mey'D ydumygXfwGif rm,mwkor&D? rm,muma&mwk? EZmvdaum[k od;k qdwowfo?l 0ufx;kd orm;? om;owfrq;kd ? iSurq;kd wdtjzpf zGiqkd f k f k Yk fh Ny;D a0Pk"arm? a0P0daum? ygPd0ga'gwk ygPda,m? ylya,m ylyyPd d a,m? aom@daum? rZ0du,D[k rsufvSnhfynmESihf rsufvSnhform; tjzpfzGihfqdkonf/ ygVdouf jrefrma0g[m&wpf&yfjzpfaom y&d,m,f[lonfh yk'vnf;&Sao;onf/ ,if;yk'\ teufrm t"dyg ,fwl pum;vS,/ qdvkd f d f S f k &if;udk oG,0u ajymaompum;? [efaqmifvnpm;rI[ t"dyg ,f f kd f S fh l zGihfonf/ rl&if;ygVdyk'frSm y&d,m,jzpfonf/ tvm;wl a00kp[aom ygVdoufjrefrma0g[m&wpf&yfvnf; f l &Sao;onf/ teufrm pum;y&d,m,f[jzpfonf/ vSnywfajymqkae d S k hf d jcif;[k t"dyg,fxGufonf/ jrefrma0g[m&pum;vH;k rl&mudk ygVdpum;vH;k rm,mESifh uyf jzpfay:vmaom a0g[m&rSm rl&mrm,mjzpfonf/ teuft"dyg,frSm

aemuf a usmzk H ; rS uJhodkY rm,momaX,swdkYjzihf pOf;vJaumufuspfjcif;rsKd;udk yif udk,fpdwfwdkYjzihf aumufuspfonf[kqdk&\/ rdk;om;aom pOf;vJ aom auGUvdraom oabmudaumufusponf[qonf/ wpfa,muf f k f k kd ESifh wpfa,muf pdwaumufMujci;frsK;d r[kway/ pdwaumufjcif;um; f f f a'grejy|mef;aom tukodkvf pdwfwKyg'fomwnf;/

udk,fpdwfwdkY\ aumufjcif;teuft"dyg,f
tMuifolonf raumif;rIudk jyKNyD;aomfvnf; rjyKyg[kajym \/ xdkolonf raumif;rIudk wpfzefjyef jyKOD;rnfjzpf tvGefaumuf aomoljzpfaomaMumihf a*grkw0uF(EGm;\ao;aumuf)rnfayonf/ tMuifoonf raumif;rIukd jyKpOfyifvQif ]]igonf raumif;rI l rS aMumufvefYyg\}} [k ajymqdk\/ xdkolonf rsm;aomtm;jzihf (t NrJwrf;)aumufaeonfjzpfaomaMumihf pEavcg0uF(v ta&; aumuf)rnfavonf/ tMuifolonf raumif;rIudkjyKpOfyifvQif ]tb,folonf raumif;rIrS raMumufb&tenf;} [kajymqd\/ xdoonf tvGef trif; J dS hH k k l raumuf v G e f ; aomaMumih f e*F v aum#d 0 uF ( xG e f u d k i f ; aumuf ) rnfayonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf tMuifoonf uHo;kH yg;vH;k rpifMu,f? xdol l k onf a*grkw0uF(EGm;ao;aumuf) rnf\/ tMuifoonf uHo;kH yg; wGif l ESpfyg;rpifMu,f/ xdkolonf pEavcg0uF(v? a&;aumuf) rnf\/ tMuifoonf uHo;kH yg;wGif wpfyg;yg;rpifMu,f/ xdoonf e*Fvaum l k l #d0uF(xgefui;f aumuf)rnf\[k t|omvdeygVdawmf azmfjyonf/ kd D vSnhfywfjcif;rSeforQ rm,mjzpf\ vS n h f y wf j cif ; rS e f o rQ rm,mjzpf \ / pmaya0g[m&t& vSnhfywfjcif;udk rm,mac:onf/ r&Sdoabm oknudkyif &Sdoa,mif vSnhfywfwifpm;jyjcif;onfavmu\ rm,mjzpf\/ wu,fawmh avmuonf rsuvnjfh yyGEiw\/ avmuvlom;wdonf yvufq&m f S J S fh l Yk BuD;vSnhfywfjyoaerI a&,OfaMumwGif pD;arsmvdkufygaeMuolrsm;jzpf onf/ yvufq&mBuD;um; wpfZmwfNyD; wpfZmwf? wpfjzpfNyD;wpfjzpf trsK;d rsKd ;aom rd;k onfh jyuGursm;jzihf vSnpm;jyoaernfomjzpfonf/ f fh y v uf r suf v S n h f q &mBuD ; bj'tm; Ak ' a [mMum;csuf rZdrdu okn0g'? &weul#okwf Ak'u yvuf rsufvSnhf q&mBu;D bj'tm; rm,m\ vSnpm;csursm;ESifh pyfvsO;f oda[m fh f Yk Mum;onf/ ]]ow0gwdkY\ aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrI yDwdokconfvnf;aumif;? avmuDtmHkumr*kPfwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? twdwfuHwnf;[laom rm,m\ vSnpm;csursm;omjzpfonf/ "rrm,mu oHCmwk oHCm fh f a,mifwdkYudk xifa,mifxifrSm;jzpfaponf/ Ak'udkvnf; rm,m\ vSnhfpm;csufjzihf zHk;uG,fekdifonf/ cyfodrf;aom obm0w&m;wdkYonf taMumif;nDwrI (um&P or0g,) rm,m\ vSnpm;csujf zihom T f fh f trsKd;rsKd;jzpfay:Muukef\}} 0dnmP0g'DrZru0g' rm,m0g'onf oD;jcm;zGiqcsuwpf d d fh kd f &yftjzpf xif&Sm;onf/ rm,m0g'onf ok n wmud k &S i f ; jy&mrS xG u f a y:cJ h \ ,if;rm,m0g'onf oknwmudk &Si;f jy&mrS ay:xGuvmcJjh cif; f jzpfonf/ avmuonf bmrQr&Sd? oknomjzpf\/ trnfa0g[m&rQ om&Sonf/ t&S[k xifaejci;frm rm,m\ vSnpm;csuaMumihjf zpf\/ d d S fh f

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf "ropmudk Tefjyonf/ trsK;d rsK;d tzHzkH jyKraom [efyef[xuonf/ wpfv;kH wnf;aom Bu,m k l k G f d yk'fjrefrmpum;vHk;jzpfonfh (rl) \ teufrSm uEGJUuvsjyKrlonf/ tvdkqEESihf qefYusifbuftrlt&mudkaqmifonf[k t"dyg,f&onf/ tvS t yqH k ; tEk y nmajrmuf rm,moH k ; yg; ae&m rde;f rwdwif &Saom omrefvwrjrifrodEionfh Yk G d l Ykd dk f tvSyqH;k tEkynmajrmuf rm,moH;k yg;udazmfjyvdonf/ ,if;rm,moH;k k k yg;wdrm (1) rlrm,m? (2) NyKH ;rm,mESifh (3) ikrm,mwdjYk zpfonf/ tvGef Yk S d tifrwef tkyfqdk;tusnf;wefaom rdef;rwpfa,mufyifjzpfapumrl if;azmfjyyg tvSyqH;k aom tEkynmajrmuf rm,moH;k yg;wdonf &SMd u Yk pNrJjzpfonf/ rm,mrsm;aMumihfyif a,musfm;wdkYtm; pGJvef;ESpfoufap Mujci;fjzpfonf/ ,if;rm,mrsm;udk ky&i?f AD',kd Zmwfum;rsm; jrifawGU f S D EkdifMuonf/ rm,moHk;yg; tEkynmajrmuftvStyqHk;azmfaqmif wwfaom ky&irif;orD;wdonf tBurBf uryif tu,f'rD xl;cReqrsm; f S f Yk d d f f k &&SdMuonf/ &yfx&mxJrS tvGeqif;&JEr;f yg;ol ajymif;zl;rD;zkwa&mi;fpm; J G f G f ae&aom tusn;f wefrBu;D wpfa,mufyifvQif ,if;rlrm,m? NyKH ;rm,m wdkYaMumihf if;\ ajymif;zl;zkwfqdkifteD; aeYwdkif;*dwfxdk;avh&Sdaom qdkufum;q&mudkvSu awmfaumuf ajrmufpm;jcif;jzpfavonf/ ,if ; rm,moH k ; yg;rS qif h y G m ;rm,mi,f ( 8)yg; a,musm;om;wdukd pGrufEpNf cKd uatmif jyKwwfaom rde;f r f Yk J S f wdkY\ rm,mi,f(8) yg;&SdaMumif;jzihf? okwaoe okyfjytbd"mefu qdonf/ ,if;rm,mi,f(8)yg;rSm txufyg rde;f rwdwi&aomtvSyqH;k k Yk G f dS tEkynmajrmuf rm,m(3)yg;wdkYrS qifhyGm;xGufvmMujcif;jzpfonf/ ,if;rm,mi,f(8)yg;wdkYrSm (1) [mo =nif;nif;omom&,fjcif;/ (2) odw =NyKH ;&Tiaom rsuEmay;jcif;/ f f S (3) b, =aMumuf[efrljcif;/ (4) vZ =&Suf[efaqmifjcif;/ (5) rE0gpm = rMum;wMum;pum;ajymjcif;/ (6) ta'uPm = rsufeufa'gifhuyfMunhfjcif;/ (7) k' = idkdIufjcif;/ (8) oHuv[ = pum;jyef & &ef rcH c sif p &mpum;jzih f a,musm;om;tm; pdwrqd;k qd;k atmif qGumajymqdjk cif; f f rd e f ; rwd k Y \ cspf p Ed k ; trl t &m rm,m(5)rsKd ; (1) cspfoludk jrif&trlt&m[efysufaom xl;xl;jcm;jcm;vkyfaqmif csuf (0dvmo)/ (2) vlysKcspBf uKd uvmatmif [efaqmifaom trlt&m (vvdw)/ d f (3) vifa,musm;csppw<f uvmatmif vQKd U0Sutyfaom t*FgBu;D i,f f f d f wdkYudk azmfvSpfjyjcif;? cspfzG,fpum;ajymjcif;? rl&mrm,mvkyfjcif;? acsmjh rLjcif;ponfh trlt&mrsm; (vDvm)/ (4) vmvSnyg? ac:vSnyg? csLvSnyg[k ajymqdav[ef? rsup?d vuf? fh fh fh k f acgif;? yg;pyf [eftrlt&mrsm; ([m0)/ (5) cspfol? cifol vifa,musfm;wdkYESihf awGUqHkMuaomtcg &Tifvef; ESpoufNy;D ta,mifa,mif trSm;rSm;jyKrvyuijf yojcif;/ 0wfpm; f l k f kd qif,ifaom t0wftpm;ESihf vdkufzufatmif trlt&mrsm; vkyaqmifjcif; (0dAr) [l rde;f rwd\ cspprEd;k trlt&m rm,m f Yk f (5)rsKd;udkvnf; tqdkyg tbd"mefuzGihfqdkazmfjyonf/ onfwum; "rpmayvm rm,mrsm;yifjzpfownf;/ Ykd

25

jref r mpmaytvuF m vm rm,mrsm; pmaytqifwefqm tvuFmrsm;wGif &oaqmifoabmrsm; wnfue;f vsuf &Sonf/ xdtqifwefqmtvuFmrsm;onf pmaywGif d d k omru pmayESifh qufE,aeaom ky&i?f obif? *Dwponfh tEk G f f S ynmbmom&yfrsm;vnf; yg&SpNrjJ zpfonf/ acwftqufquf pmay d u0d uAsm0d'l tqlqlwdkYonf rdrdwdkY jyKpD&ifMuaom tEkpmaywdkY pmt&om&Sdatmif zefwD;zGJUqdkMupNrJjzpfonf/ vlwdkYpm;oHk;Muaom tpm;tpm [if ; vsmrsm;wG i f cd s K? csOf ? pyf ? zef ? ief ? cg; &omajcmufyg;xdkufoihfovdk a&mpyfyg0ifouJhokdY tEkpmaywdkYwGif vnf; ]]cspf &Tif oem; trsuym; pdwxm;&J&ifvm? aMumuf rke;f f G f h tHhMo wnfMunfaom ? rSwfavm aem&om}} [lonfh &oudk;rsdK;wdkY xdkufoifhovdk a&mpyfyg0ifMuavonf/ t&omcHpm;rIa0'emtrsKd ;rsKd ;wdjYk zifh zefw;D a&;zGUJ oDu;kH xm;aom pmayudk &opmay[kac:Muonf/ &o[lonf pdwwiom,mtyfaom f G f oabm? ESpfouftyfaom oabmjzpfonf/ pmwpfck uAsmwpfckudk zwfaomtcg yifu,taexuf pdwtajctaexl;jcm;ajymif;vJNy;D I kd f f cHpm;rIay:vmonhoabmudk ]]&o}} [kqonf/ f kd od * F g &&orsm; uR?J EGm; paom ow0grsm;\ OD;acgif;wGif aygufa&mufaom OD;csdKukd ygVdbmomjzihf ]]od*?F od*gF &}} [kac:onf/ OD;csKd onf a0Sp&m Y cwfp&mjzpfonf/ pmudkzwfIjzpfap? wpfckckudk Mum;jrifjzpfap? jzpfay:vmaom tcsppw?f MunfnKd pw?f aMumufvefpwponfwonf f d d Y d f Ykd vnf; vl\ESv;kH om;udk a0Swwfcwfwwfqwwfonf/ uvdwwfonf/ Y G odkYjzpf cspfpdwf MunfndKpdwf ponfrsm;jzpfay:cHpm;&rIudk csdKESihfa0SY onf cwfonfyrmwifpm;Ny;D ]]od*gF &&o}} [l tvuFmtrnfay;xm; Muonf/ xdwif tcsp&oudk xkwazmfziqaomumrod*gF &&o[l k G f f G hf kd &Sdonf/ umrod * F g &&o (tcspf t &om) umrwnf;[laom OD;csdKjzihfa0SY jzpfay:vmaomcHpm;rI t&omjzpfonf/ rde;f rESia,musm; ESpO;D om;wdYk cspBf uKd ucef;zGiMhf uyHk fh f f f udk ab;uaeMunhem;axmifNy;D om,mwyfrufonhpwf (t&om) f I f d rsKd ; jzpfay:vmjcif;udk tvuFmusr;f u umrod*gF &&o[kac:qdonf/ k wpfaxmihfig;&mudavomwPSmaZmt&if;cHaom tcspfaZmuyfrIjzpf avonf/ ae&m obm0w"rtEkynmtjrifjzihwifjyaom umr f od*Fg&&ooHk;rsdK;&SdyHkudk tusOf;tm;jzihfazmfjyvkdonf/ ta,m*od * F g &&o (ta0;cspf t &om) ta,m* =rwGr,SOjf cif;? od*gF &&o = OD;csKd jzihta0Stcwf J f Y cH&jcif;t&omjzpfonf/ (u) rde;f ra,musm;ESpO;D om;wdYk rsuv;kH csi;f qH rsupcsi;f f f f k f d cspfBudKufMujcif;/ rsufpdjcif;pum;ajym opmxm;Mujcif;/ wpfOD;\ owif;wpfO;D uMum; tjyeftvSearwm&SMd ujcif;/ cspo0Pfpmrsm; f f wHv,,uo,ay;,lMujcif;pojzihf ud,rygyJ pdwfcspf (ta0;csp) Yk S f S f G f k f f jzihf cspfBudKufMujcif;onfvnf;aumif;? (c) odta0;cspf cspBf uKd uMf uNy;D rS taMumif;rnDwojzihf Yk G f wpfO;D ESiwpfO;D rawGU&? rjrif&? rMum;&? uGumaeMu&ojzihf cspwouf hf J G f oufjzpfae&jcif;rsdK;onfvnf;aumif;? ta,m*od*Fg&&o (raygif;& olwdkY\cspft&om? wenf;ta0;cspft&omrnfayonf/ t&om &orsdK;udk cHpm;&olwdkYavmursm;pGm&SdMuonf/

DHAMMA DEW

26

"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/ 30/ aygifudk rayghway:azmfjy\/ 31/ rjrifaphcsiovdEifh ud,t*Fgtpdwtydi;f udk rvHvatmif f k S k f f k k kH zHk;zdxm;\/ 32/ &ifom;udk rayghway:[jy\/ 33/ *sdKi;f Mum;udjk y\/ 34/ csufudk Adkufacgufudkjy\/ 35/ rsufpdrSdwfjy\/ rsufpypfjy\/ 36/ EIwcrf;udk oGm;jzihjf cpfjy\/ f 37/ vQmxkwfjy\/ 38/ xbDuRw[efjyK\/ f 39/ xbDukd cPcPjyif0wfjy\/ 40/ qHx;kH udk ajzjy\/ qHw*w0uav;udk qGqG oyfjy\/ kd k f J J J qHx;kH udk jyifxH;k jy\/ onfwum; pmaytvFumvm rm,mrsm;yifjzpfownf;/ Ykd ygVd j ref r mt*F v d y f t bd " mef v m rm,mrsm; - ax&0g'Ak'bmomjrwfA'yg0petbd"mefwif rm,m Maya k G yk'fudk emrfyHkpHjzihf? deception vSnhfywfjzm;a,mif;jcif;/ feining [efaqmifjcif;? acting trlvyjf cif;[l zGiqonf/ k fh kd 1921- 1925 ckESpfu vef'efygVdq&mBuD; a'gufwmwD? k G f k f 'AvsL? SdLif;a'Apf (Dr. T.W. Rhys davids) jyKp vef'efwixwa0 aom ygVd- t*Fvdyftbd"mefwGif rm,myk'fudk odkYzGifhqdk&Sif;jyonf/ - - Maya (Vedic maya )., rm,m (a0'yk'&if; rm,mjzpfonf)/ f teufrSm 1. deceptive appearance, (vSnhfpm;xm;aomtjyKtrl)/ Fraud, (vdrvnfvnpm;rI)/ deceit, vdrfnmjcif;/ hypocrisy, aMumif f S fh olawmf? vlvdrfvlnm[k zGifhqdkonf/ 1981 ckepfu xkwa0aom OD;[kwpejf yKponhf jrefrmt*Fvyf f f d k d ygVdtbd"mef The Universal Burmese- English-Pali Dictionary wGif rm,m (maja) udk zGiq&m rm,m[laomyk'rm tdE,wdi;f &if; hf kd f S d k a0g[m&pum;vH;k jzpfNy;D teuft"dym,frm 1. wiles, (rm,m)/ guile, S y&d,m,f rm,m[efaqmifjcif;/ artifice, vSnjhf zm;jcif;/ rm,mrsm;jcif;/ 2. pretence, [efaqmifr/ deceit, vdrfnmrI/ vSnhfjzm;rI/ illusion, I pdwfvSnhfpm;rI/ (as in tmHkig;yg;onf rm,mrsm;jzpfonf)/ [Pali= rm,m]/ A conjurer, rsuvnjfh yjcif;/ magician, rsuvnq&mwdukd f S f S fh Yk - - vnf; rm,myk'Eipyfvsuf rm,mum& (Maya-kana) [k tbd"mefw f S fh Ykd azmf jyonf/ vl w d k i f ; rS m rm,momaX,sud e f ; onf rm,momaX,sw&m;wdonf w&m;ud,tm;jzihf avmbjy|mef; Yk k f aom tukovpwrsm;omjzpfav&m? pOf;vJaumufusp,wrmaom kd f d f f k f tvdr?f t0g? tnm? tjzef;wnf;[lonh?f rm,momaX,s w&m;ESpyg; f pvH;k wdonf tE uvsmPykxZOfreorQtm;vH;k wd tpOftNrue;f Yk k S f Yk J d atmif;aeonhf udavomw&m;qdk;rsm;omjzpfayonf/ xd k o d k Y o abm&S d a om w&m;qd k ; ES p f y g; rd r d w d k Y c E m wG i f rude;f atmif;Ediatmif BuKd ;pm;xlaxmifMu&if;jzihf tjcm;olwpfyg;wd\ k f Yk tvdr?f t0g? tnm? tjzef;rsm; rcHrMd u&ap&ef txl;BuKd ;yrf;tm;xkwf MuzdYk vdtyfygaMumif;jzihf today;wkuwe;f Ed;I aqmfvu&ygonf "r k d f G dk f cspfcifolawmfpiftaygif;wdkYcifAsm;/ ]]vl e J Y v l c sif ; vS n h f y wf j cif ; uif ; &S i f ; Muygap}} [H o m0wD OD ; tk e f ; Bud K if

0d a ,m*od * F g &&o (uG J c spf t &om) 0da,m*= auGui;f jcif;/ orD;&nf;pm;ESpO;D om;wdYk pdwaemuf G f f ud,yg ud,xvufa&mufo;kH oyf? cspusL;MuNy;D rS &Siu?JG aouGwpfrsKd ; k f k f d f f J rsdK;jzifh uGJuGmMu&jcif;/ todtrSwfjyKtMuifvifr,m;jzpfMuNyD;ygrS taMumif;trsKd ;rsKd ;aMumih?f cspvsuEiuMJG u&jcif;rsKd ;onf 0da,m*od*gF & f f S fh &o (aygif;qHNk y;D rS uGMJ u&&Smolw\cspt&om) rnfayonf/ Ykd f oar m *od * F g &&o (twl w uG c spf t &om) oarm*= aygif;oif;jcif;/ cspoEpO;D wdYk uk,xvufa&muf f l S f d f d cspBf uKd uprm,faecsersKd ; jzpfay:vsu&aom umrokca0'emrsKd ;onf f d f f dS oarm*od*Fg&&o (aygif;qHkprm,fcspft&om) rnfayonf/ umrod*gF &&ooabmrsm;udk vlwomru? wd&pmefrsm;ESifh Ykd O,smOfyef;rmvfrsm;vnf; wifpm;a&;zGUJ Muonf/ umrod * F g & &ovm rm,mav;q,f umrod*Fg& &o\taMumif;ydkif;wGif rdef;rwdkY\rl&mrm,m trsKd ;rsKd ;udk Zmwu0wK 550 Zmwf? toDweygwf? r[mukPmvZmwf d d wGif odkYazmfjyonf/ rdrwr;f GwcspBf uKd uaom a,musm;rsm;tm; rde;f rwdonf d d f f f Yk odjYk yKvy jywwfMuonf/ tjyKtrlukd rm,mav;q,f[k ac: k f onf/ 1/ wihw,fpym,fpm jyKrom;vmjywwf\/ f G l G 2/ aemufausmudk jrifatmifjywwf\/ 3/ vSyatmif 0wfpm;jy\/ &SupEd;k aejywwf\/ f 4/ vufonf;csif;yGwf [efvkyfjy\/ 5/ ajcaxmufcsif; yGwfjy\/ 6/ wpfckckay:wGif ta&;tom;jcpf\/ qGJ\/ 7/ uav;udkwr*Fvm csDjy\/ 8/ olwpfyg;tm; ay; csDap\/ 9/ uav;udk tm;&yg;&erf;jy\/ 10/ uav;udk terf;cdi;f \/ k 11/ udk,fwkdif u\/ uav;udkvnf; uckdif;\/ 12/ uav;yg;udk yg;pyfjzihfpkyfjy\/ 13/ uav;u rdrdudk pkyfap\/ 14/ rdru,wif wpfccukd pm;[efaqmif\/ d kd f kd k k 15/ uav;udk pm;cki;f \/ d 16/ wpfccukd uav;tm; ay;\/ k k 17/ uav;xHrS wpfcck awmif;,l\/ k 18/ uav;vkyfovdk vkdufvkyf\/ 19/ rdrwr;f Gwaeaom a,musm;Mum;atmif toHus,f d d f f avmifus,avmif pum;ajym\/ f 20/ ajrmufyifhajym\/ 21/ avoHoJhoJhjzihf ,Jh,Jhav;pum;qdk\/ 22/ xda,musm;tm; rke;f ovdvEifh uJ&UJ Iwcspum;qd\/ k f k kd S h f k 23/ tcspupukd yGiyivif;vif;ajym\/ f d hf G fh 24/ xduyg; &duyg;ajym\/ 25/ oDcsif;qdkjy\/ ujy\/ 26/ idkjy\/ rsuf&nfcHxdk;jy\/ 27/ cGufxdk;cGufvef [uf[ufyufyuf&,fjy\/ 28/ rsuv;kH csi;f qHatmif a,musm;tm; pduMunh\/ f k f k f f 29/ cg;vIyfjy\/ wifom;vIyfjy\/

ON PRACTISE OF THE DHAMMA

"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smufonf/

27

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28

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29

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rnf o nf h t cgurS trS e f w u,f rjzpf v mEk d i f aom tdyrufvvuav;wpfcxuf rydchJ f S S k k rnfonftcgurS tdyrufwpfcxuf rydk vduvQif tl;jzpfrnfh h f k k f tdyrufyrm/ f jrif u G i f ; wpf c k u d k ajymif ; vJ a ponf h k w f w &wf vif;vmonhfaea&mifjcnf/ uREf k y f t m;jzpf v mEk d i f o nf h awmuf y aom b0wpf c k u d k t&dyft`rGufcefYomjycJhonf/ tifrweftHhzG,faumif;NyD; om,mcsKdNrdefaom urmwpfck? tuREfkyfu wu,fyif&Sdrnf[k xifrSwfcJhonf/ tvGevyaom tjrifrm;aomjrifui;f wpfck om? f S S G rnfonhftcgrSmrS rjzpfEkdifaom pHwpfckom aysm&iru uREy\ aysm&iaom pdwu;l ,OfrS Ed;k xaponf/ f T f I kf f f T f f xdpwu;l ,Ofrwonfvnf; ay:vmNy;D aysmufu,om;cJonf/ k d f I Ykd G f G h Mirage
It was never more than a lovely dream that couldn't have come true Never more than a dream that it was madness to pursue Like the sudden burst of sunlight that transforms a sceneshowing me a dazzling glimpse of things that might have been.. The strange sweet world of wonder land that I believe was real; The beautiful illusion the impossible ideal. The happiness that woke me from my carefree reveries that came and went and left me nothing but the memories. The fairy stroy castle was built and fell apart was never more than a mirage in the desert of my heart. written by the English Poet-Patience Strong.

atmufazmfjyyg Patience Strong &JU uAsmudk cHpm;Ny;D jrefrm bmomjyefqkd tyfygonf/ wu o d k v f j raoG ; (pd e f E k j zL)

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"r0D&onf pdwfESvHk;ESifhb0udk Nidrf;csrf;aponf/

olawmfaumif;wkYd tvSLay;enf; (6)

t&Siovmpm&(yJc;l ) f D
NrdKUOD;awm&pmoifwkduf(zm;uefY)

'geyg&rDokH;rsKd; tcsKdUaomyk*dKvfwkdYonf tvSLay;jcif; ('getvkyf)ukd tykdtvkyfrSwfxifaeMuonf? 'ge- [lonf bk&m;tp&Sdaom t&d,molawmfpifBuD;wkdY oGm;&mvrf;aMumif;BuD;jzpfayonf/ ('gearwH r,m *wra*g)/ xkdrQomruao;? bk&m;&Siftqlql wkdYonf bk&m;jzpfatmif yg&rDjznfhusifhMu&m- pGefYBuJay;urf; vSL'gef;jcif;-[laom 'geyg&rDupMu&ayonf/ 'geyg&rD? 'geOy yg&rD? 'gey&rwyg&rD- [kyif ok;H rsK;d cJNG y;D jznfusiawmfrMl uayonf? h hf a&G aiG ausmufoH ywjrm;? pm;aomufzG,f&mtjzmjzmwkdYukd vnf;aumif;? bk&m;wefaqmif;? *lausmif;Z&yf jymom'f ponf tvDvwuvnf;aumif; vSL'gef;rI ukd k;d k;d 'geyg&rD[ac:ayonf/ D Ydk dk k rsup?d em; t*Fg ajcvuf paom cEmuk,tpdwtyki;f wkudk ay;vSL f d f f d Yd jcif ; onf tv,f t vwf ' geOyyg&rD j zpf a yonf / rd r d \ toufuyif y"merxm;bJ(toufpe) vSL'gef;rIrsK;d jrifjh rwfaom dk G Yf 'gey&rwyg&rD jzpfayonf/ bk&m;jzpfjcif;tp 'geyg&rDu a*gwrbk & m;tavmif ; ok a r"mol a |;om;onf 'DyuF&mjrwfpGmbk&m;xHrS ]]aemifaomtcg a*gwr [laom trnfjzifh (oAnKw) a&TPfocif bk&m;&Sifppfppf{uefjzpfay vdrfhrnf[k ed,w Asm'dwf&NyD;onfhaemuf wpfckaomae&m xuf0,f zJGYacGxkdifNyD;vQif ]]bk&m;jzpfaMumif; aumif;rIyg&rD tvDvDwkdYum;tb,fenf;}}[k pOf;pm;qifjcifvkdufaomtcg a&S;a&S;uyGifhawmfrloGm;aom bk&m;&Sif tqlqlwkdY tpOfavhusuf tyfojzifh vrf;aMumif;BuD; ozG,fjzpfaeaom 'geyg&rDukd OD;pGm yxrjrifawmf rl&ayonf/ xkdYaMumifh 'geyg&rDupwifum jznfhusihfawmfrlaomaMumifh (oAnKw) a&TPf ocifjzpfawmf rl&ayonf/ ]]bk&m;jzpfjcif;tp 'geyg&rDu}}[k qkdvQifvnf; rrSm;Ekdifyg? rSefaom pum;omjzpfayawmhonf/ (ed,w- Nraom? J Asm'd w - rd e f Y > ruf a wmf r l j cif ; rS ? ed , wAsm'd w f [ l a om ygVd oufa0g[m&jzpfvm&ayonf? oA- tvkH;pkHaom w&m;wkdYukd? nKw- q&mrul o,rLPfjzifh razgufrjyef? [kwfwkdif;rSefpGm ukd,fawmfwkdifodjrif awmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m;[k t"dym,fodyg? o,rL [lonf o,H- rdru,wi?f (rdrbmom) bl- odawmf rlaom d dk f dk d jrwfpGmbk&m;? [k t"dyg,fjyefqkd&ayonf/ pGeBYf ujJ cif;? ESajrmwGewjdk cif; Yf pGefYBuJay;urf;vSL'gef;rI[laom 'gejyKjcif;onf wpfzuf om; csr;f omatmifjyKvyjf cif;jzpf& um; rdrpwcsr;f omatmifvnf; k d d f wpfzufom;u arwm wkjYH yefMuayonf/ wpfO;D uapwem? wpfO;D u arw m qk d o uJ h o k d Y tjyef t vS e f a us;Zl ; jyKMuayonf /

]]arwm[lonf tvsm;teHr&Sdaomfvnf; toGm;tjyef&Sdonf}} [laom pum;rsm;vnf; t"dym,fyifwnfh? ]]olygvQifMunfjr at;wmrkdY yD,aq;vkdYvnf;qkd Mujyefw,f}} [k 'geukokdvf aumif;rIukd yD,aq;[kvnf; ckdif;EdIif;ajymqkd Mujyefonf/ 'ge[lonf vlewfcspfaq;? ESajrm wGefYwkdjcif;(rp&d,)onf vl e wf r k e f ; aq;? 'ge[l o nf ta>ct&H r sm;aMumif ; ? ES a jrm wG e f Y w k d j cif ; (rp & d , )onf ta>ct&H e nf ; txD ; usef wwfaMumif; aq;[kvnf; avmueDwd q&mu qkdxm;jyef onf/ 'gejyKay;jcif;jzifh rdrdtay: arwmouf0ifrI r&Sdao; aomolrsm;ukdvnf; arwmouf0ifapEkdif\? arwmouf0if NyD;olrsm;ukdvnf;ykd arwmouf0if vmapEkdif\? wpfenf; qkd&aomf rdrdtay: rGwfao;olrsm; Gwfap GwfNyD; olrsm;ykd GwfvmMuayvdrfhrnf? (avmueDwd)/ csD;rGrf;ESpfouftyfaomw&m; pGeBYf uay;urf;vSL'gef;jcif;[laom tvSL'geESihf ywfouf J ,kHMunfrI (o'g)w&m; tvGefta&;BuD;vSayonf/ uH? uH\ tusKd;ESifh &wem okH;yg;tay: ouf0if,kHMunfrIukd o'g[kac: ayonf/ vlYavmuwGif csD;rGrf;jrwfEkd;tyfaom? ESpfouftyfaom w&m;um; &wemokH;wef? uH? uHtusKd; jrwfEkd;,kHMunf? *kPf&nf xif&Sm;? o'gw&m;yifwnf;/ vSL'gef;ay;urf;avh&Sdaomolukd ]]odyo'gw&m;aumif;wmyJ? odyapwemaumif;wmyJ? tvSLa&puf f f vufeJYruGm vGefpGm&ufa&m MuwmyJ}} ponfjzifh csD;rGrf;Muonf/ o'gw&m;om r&ScvQif rnforQ cs;D rGr;f Murnfr[kway? ]]tawmf d hJ l f ESajrmwJh uyfap;eJ aumfw&m wpfjym;ESpjf ym;rSwNf yD; cGmaewJoy}J } h l [k uJh&JUMuayvdrfhrnf/ o'D" 0dwH yk&do ao|H? "- vlYjynf avmu? vlYXme? yk&do- todPf&dSjim; a,mufsm;twGuf? ao|Hcs;D rGr;f tyfaom? 0dw- ESpoufp&m Opmum;? o'g- &wemok;H wef? H f u?H uHtusK;d jrwfE;dk ,kMH unf? *kP&nfxif&m;? o'gw&m; yifwnf;/ f S

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf avmuD avmukw&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/

31

wu,fta&;? wu,fab;usvQif avmu vlom;wkdYykdifqkdifxm;onfh a&T aiG ausmufoH ywjrm; paom ypn;Opmtjzmjzmwkonf ,ckb0wGif usef;rm f Yd a&;? csr;f oma&;? vlwpfv;Hk olwpfv;Hk aeEkia&;twGuf rsm;pGmaus;Zl; d f jyKEkdifonfum;rSefay\? rdrdrSm ykdufqH&SdvQifyif a&m*gjzpfvm onfhtcg xdyfwef;aq;cef;awG taumif;qkH; q&m0efawGESifh uko&vQif a&m*g jrefjrefaysmufuif;Ekdifayonf/ ykdufqH&SdvQif pm;csif wmpm;? oGm;csifwmoGm;? aecsifovkdae tqifajy aeygawmhonf/ aiGukdom a&vkdokH;vQif wpfjynfvkH; vkyforQ wifhw,fNyD;? t[kwfyif0ifhx,faeayawmhonf/ rnfokdYyifqkdap umrl tkjd cif;? emjcif;? aojcif; w&m;awGEihf wu,fwrf;&ifqiawGY S dk f vmaomtcg xkdavmuDOpm &wemwkdYonf bmrSrwwfEkdifawmh ay/ wu,fhta&;? wu,fhab;? b,faoG;b,fom;ru,fNyD? wu,fhta&;? wu,fhab;? b,faq; b,f0g; ru,fEkdifawmh NyDwnf;/ o'g ynm wJGrSom o'gw&m;vufukdifxm;aom ynm&Sdolawmfaumif; twGuf tkd em aowkdYESifh &ifqkdifawGYvmonfhtcg wkefvIyf aMumuf&UHT p&mrvkawmhay? xk,MHk unfo'gw&m;uyif 'ge paom d d ukokdvf jzpfatmifaqmif&Gufay;NyD; ukokdvf&Siftm; b0wkdif;? b0wki;f ? rqif;&J&atmif axmufyunay;ayvdrrnf/ vlcsr;f om d hH l D hf ewfcsrf;omrsm;&&Sdatmif aqmif&Gufay;onfhtjyif? r*f zkdvf edAmef&a&;ukdyg tm;jznfhay;Ekdifayonf/ r*f zkdvf&a&; o'gESifh ynmwJGrS &Ekdifayonf? o'grygbJ ynmoufouf jzifh r*f zkdvfr&Ekdifay/ o'gESifh ynmwJGNyD; tvkyf vkyfrS r*f zkdvf edAmef(w&m;xl; w&m;jrwf) &Ekdifayonf/ o'gw&m;onf ,ckb0wGivnf;aumif;? aemufaemifb0rsm;pGmvnf;aumif; f r*f ? zk d v f ? ed A m ef & aMumif ; rS e f o jzif h vuf e uf f a umif ; ozG , f oabmxm;ukdifqJGvsuf tcuftcJ[lorQ ausmfvTm;Ekdifatmif BudK;pm;oifayonf/ h a&ab;tE&m,f ukd,ftm;Pftm; 0D&d,tm;wkdYjzifh &SmazGpkaqmif; xm;aom ypn;Opmtjzmjzmwkonf &eforsK;ig;yg;ESihf tNrrjywf f Yd l d J quf q H a eaomaMumif h tES p f o m&r&S d ? tumtwd o m jzpfayawmhonf/ &efolrsKd;ig;yg;um; a&? rD;? olckd;? tarGcHom;qkd; orD;qk;d ? rif;qk;d wkjYd zpfayonf/ a&ESie;D pyfaom t&yfa'owkwif hf Yd G aexkdifMuaomolwkdYonf? txl; ojzifh jrpfacsmif;tif;tkdif? yifv,fork'&mESihf eD;aomae&mXme aexkiowonf tNrwrf; d f l Ydk J a&tE&m,fukd aMumufMu&onf? a&vTrf;rI zsufqD; rIaMumifh v,f,mNcajr? a&TaiGpyg;? uREm;Opm ajrmufjrm;pGm ysup;D Mu&onf? H J G f tcsKd U touf v G w f atmif y if wd r f ; a&S m if x G u f a jy;Mu&onf ? a&aMumifh ysufpD;&aom qkH;IH;epfemrIrsm;um; ESpfpOfvkdvkd awGjY rifae&? Mum;odae&onfrm pdwraumif;p&m rsm;jzpfayonf/ S f rD;ab;tE&m,f rD;onf vlwkdYwGif r&Sdrjzpfaom t&m0wK jzpfayonf/

ok H ; wwf v Qif r d w f a qG ? rok H ; wwf v Qif &ef o l j zpf a yonf / rD;ayghqolwpfO;wpfa,mufaMumifh ysufp;oGm;&aom ypn;Opm D D f rsm;um; ra& wGuEiatmifyif rsm;ajrmifvayonf/ txl;ojzifh f dk f S aEG&moDa&mufvQif ywf0ef;usifwpfckvkH; yljyif;ajcmufaoGYae aomaMumifh rD;avmif&efykdvG,fulojzifh rD;ukdtxl;owdxm; Mu&ayonf/ ayghqrD;? rD;<uif;rD;use?f dUI rD; ponfjziftoD;oD;&S&m h d rsm;aomtm;jzifh ayghqrD;? rD;<uif;rD;usefaMumifh avmifaomrD;u ykrsm;ayonf/ rD;rkaoolwpfO;D aMumifh vlaygif;rsm;pGm 'kua&muf d d Ekionf? rD;ab; a&Smifravmifcifwm;EkirS awmfumusayvdrrnf/ d f d f hf olckd;"m;jytE&m,f rd r d pD ; yG m ;Op m rsm; jzpf x G e f ; wk d ; wuf v matmif bufaygif;pkHrS taMumif;nDGwf&ef vkdtyfvSayonf? tm;rsKd;pkH &if;NyD; &SmazGpkaqmif;EkdifrS? t0iftxGufrQatmif okH;pJGEkdifrS pD;yGm;jzpfEkdifayonf/ xkdYtjyif rDS&mrdwfaqGaumif;&Sd&jcif;? Pfynm&Sd&jcif; paomtaMumif;rsm;vnf; vkdtyfayonf/ avmutE&m,f[lorQ olawmfaumif;aMumifhrjzpf? olrkduf aMumifom jzpf&onf/ okjYd zpfrnfrQyif t&SmazGaumif;vkYd rdrrm h d S ypnf;OpmawG&Sdaeapumrl olckd;"m;jy tE&m,faMumifhvnf; ukefoGm;Ekdifayonf? wpfcgwpf&H ypnf;Opmu olckd;"m;jyukd zdwfac:ovkd jzpfaewwfjyefonf/ ukd,f&Smxm;orQ olrsm;zkdY jzpfom;ayawmhonf? ypn;f Opmwkonf rdrxH {nfonfoabmrsK;d G Yd d h acw v ma&muf e m;ck d M u ayonf ? wu,f a wG ; Munf h v Qif ukd,fykdifOpmtppf r[kwfMu? olckd;"m;jywkdYu vk,loGm;vQif tcsdefra&G; ukefoGm;Ekdifayonf/ tarGcq;dk tE&m,f H rdbwk\ &ifraygufzm;om;orD;rsm; teuf om;a,mufsm; Yd S G av;jzpfrl vdrmvQif rdbtwGuf ]]tm;}}? rvdrmvQifrdbtwGuf (tE&m,frsm; vSaomaMumifh) ]]usm;}}[kvnf;aumif;? orD; rdef; uav; jzpfrl vdrmvQif rdbtwGuf(t&dyfozG,f wpfbuf wpfvrf;rS tm;ukd;&aomaMumifh) ]]xD;}}? rvdrmvQif rdbtwGuf (ylyifaomu a&mufp&m jzpfaeaomaMumif) ]]rD;}}[kvnf;aumif; h wifpm; ajymqkdMuonf/ vdrmvQif rdbrsm;twGuf ESpfoufp&m &wemav;rsm;jzpf M uNyD ; ? ]]rvd r m vQif &wemr[k w f b ?J &wmemav;awG}} jzpfEdkifMuay onf? a&SUaemufpOf;pm;Pfr&Sd? tusifhpm&dw ysufjym;aom om;qkd; orD;qkd;av;rsm;jzpfvQif rdbrsm;twGuf &efolppfppfjzpfayawmhonf? odatmifwpfrsKd;? rod a tmif w pf r sKd ; rd b yk d i f q k d i f xm;aom yp n f ; Op m awG u k d (twkdif;twmr&Sd? a&SUaemufrqifjcif) ,liifokH;pJGypfvkdufvQif ukecef; oGm;Ekionf/ tom;xJuavmufxuf jzpfae aomaMumifh f d f G ypfvkdufvkdYvnf;(om;orD;t&if; jzpfae) roifhawmf? qufvuf xdef;odrf;xm;vQifvnf; a>rayG;cg;ykdufykduf? tqdyfyif a&avmif; ovkd jzpfaeonfhtwGuf? &wufrat; ylaqG; aomu jzpfaeMu &onf? y'kdif;oD;pm;&ovkd qGwfvnf;pl;? pm;vnf;l;jzpfaeay awmhonf? twGif; &efolppfppfaywnf;/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf/)

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"r0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

wm0wd Homwuf w&m;emcJh&aom "roE&rif; k

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33

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

34

"r0D&onf avmuzGHY NzdK;pnfyifa&;twGuf jzpfonf/ tjrif a wmh & S d y gw,f / vH k Y v 0D & d , r&S d a wmh olrsm;u a&mif;vdkY0,fvdkYNyD;NyD/ aemufrSolu ,loGm;w,f/ aps;aumif;uvnf; r&/ 'Dawmh [m vH k v 0D & d , &,f uwd & ,f Pf & ,f ? tJ'D[mawG tultnDygrS uHutusdK;ay; ygw,f w J h / (ta&SUbkef;BuD;oGm;p&m&Sdao; w,faemf? BuKd ajym&OD;r,f/) touf Pf a p0mih f uH[krlv? orK'w?Ykd a[mMum;onf rSm? t&if;omwnfh/ Opmabm* ZD0dwESifh wJ/ touf&n&m&SnaMumif;u jrefrmawGu h S f f toufPfapmifhw,fwJh/ 'gayr,hf touf PfrapmifhvdkufMuwm-bkef;BuD;wdkY ArmawG uav? bmawGPfrapmihv/ toGm;tvm f J vnf; Pfr&Sygbl;/ oGm;csiwae&m avQmuf d f hJ oGm;wmbJ/ Oheufxvnf; avQmufom;wm f d G yJ/ yGJvnf; MunfhvdkufMuwm wuwnf;? vif; onhwiatmif? bke;f Bu;D wdYk Pfu r&Svvm; f dk f d Ykd rodbl;/ wcgwnf; rdk;udktvif;Munfhwm/ rdk; tvif;omMunhw,f/ tay:u ESi;f awGusv?Ykd f vSn;f ay:rSmxdiv?Ykd b,fuvm Pf&MdS uvdv/ k f Yk J Ny;D awmh ESmap;w,fwhJ acsmif;qd;k w,fw/ zsm; hJ w,fwJh/ aow,fwJh/ NyD;awmholwdkYuav uHraumif;vdkYaowmwJh/ ywf0ef;usifuav b,f[wygvdrrvJ/ uHraumif;vdYk b,f[wf k f fh k vdrfhrvJ? Pfr&SdvdkY tJh'DvdkaoMuwm? Pf r&Sv/ zsm;MuemMuwm/ oem;p&m tifrwef d Ykd aumif;ygw,f/ Pf&&ygw,f/ toufPf dS pmrsufESm 32 rS yih f o G m ;avonf / ewf j ynf o d k Y a&muf r S bDv;l r[kw?f odMum;rif;jzpfre;f odawmfr\/ S l igwd k Y bk & m;tavmif ; onf vl o m; jzpf v suf ewf j ynf o d k Y a&muf a v onfum; oHk;b0wdkif&Sd cJhyg\/ xdkoHk;b0 [l o nf u m;= 1/ aerd r if ; BuD ; jzpf a omtcg ud k , f a wmf wd k i f a &muf a v\/ 2/ rEmwfrif;BuD;jzpfaom tcg vnf ; a&muf a vonf / wm0wd H o mud k wpf0ufay;avonf/ odMum;rif; oHk;usdyf ajcmuf a ,muf w d k Y \ touf u d k vG e f ae&\/ pkawaomtcg vlYjynf a&Teef; awmf 0 ,f ted p o abmwd k Y a &muf \ / 3/ "r o k E & rif ; tjzpf vnf ; ewf j ynf o d k Y a &muf \ / bk & m;avmif ; u ewfjynfodkYa&muf odMum;rif;rSef;odvQif ]odMum;rif; igYtm; uybk&m; a[mawmf apmih f & ygw,f / tpm;taomuf u d k v nf ; qifjcif&ygw,f/ owdxm;&ygw,f/ wnf h w mpm;rS aq;jzpf r S m rawmfwmawGukd rpm;&ygbl;/ tck awmh bke;f Bu;D uav vlrsm;pGmeJY qufq&w,f/ H wynhwyef; &if;&if;ES;D ES;D awGygw,f/ ausmif;ol f awG pm;vd k u f M uNyD / [d k e m;aps;qk d i f a wG u d k bkef;BuD;jrifw,fav/ [dkem;pBuavQmuf&if; q&mrBuD;wdkY wpfcsufowdxm;zdkY ajymw,f aemf/ aps;qdkifawGxJrSm rwnfhwJh aps;qdkifawG udk ra&mif;ap&ef arwm&yfcHyg/ tmPmeJY rajymygeJ/ wnhwtpmawGukd a&mif;MuyguG,/ Y f hJ f rwnhwmawG uav;eJY rwnhwmawG zkeawG f f f bmawGeJY ra&mif;MuygeJY/ uav;awGudkvnf; toD;tESawG awmfwmudom pm;Muygw,f/ H k tJh'Dvdk ponftm;jzihf/ aps;qdkifuav;udku odyroyf&yfz;l / jzpfvm&if aps;qdiuav;awG f k f oyfoyf&yf&yfeYJ uav;awG tusi&oGm;atmif fh av/ aps;qdkifav;awG oyfoyf&yf&yfeJY ylylaEG; aEG;pm;&wJ[m ylyaEG;aEG;eJY oihawmfwhJ tpm h l f udk pm;vd/ trsm;tm;jzihf uav;awG[mav Yk rawmfwmcsnf;bJ pm;wwfw,f/ qdkygawmh a&cJokwfwdkY a&cJyvkwfwkwfwdkY/ uav;awG pm;MuvdkY tif;...ZD;oD;vufokwfwdkYbmwdkY rde;f uav;awGpm;MuvdYk Ny;D awmh bmjzpfw,f nmjzpfw,f/ tJ'todvrm PfawG[mawG h D d odyfta&;BuD;ygw,f/ t&S i f Z eumbd 0 H o rlaom w&m;awmfudk a[mMum;ygavmh} [k awmif;yef\/ odMum;rif;vnf; aumif;ygNy[k D w&m;a[m yvixuf0,fzUJG acGaeNy;D vQif f ]tedp0wocFg&m? Oyg'0, "raem d OyZdwGm edkZEd? awoH0lyarm okacg} [k a[mawmfrlav\/ ]rif;BuD; jyKjyifwwfaomtaMumif; w&m; tusKd ; w&m;wd k Y o nf tNrJ r &S d u k e f ? pif p pf u m; jzpf w wf y suf w wf a om oabm&S d u k e f \ / jzpf N yD ; csKyf w wf u k e f \/ xd k o cF g &w&m;wd k Y \ Nid r f ; &mjzpf a om ed A m ef o nf csrf ; omvS y gay\} [k a[m Mum;awmf r l a vownf ; / ]ukovaumif;rIaeYpOfjyK? tukovf kd f kd z,f&m; pdwaumif;xm;? Bu;D yGm;csr;f omrnf} S f usrf;udk; Zif;r,f yPmo '*H k q &mxG e f ;

q&morm;awG&JU tvdkusaew,f/ BudK;pm; w,f/ 'Dawmh bke;f Bu;D u txufwef;usw,f/ remvdMk ubl;/ pmar;yGawG tukev;kH Ny;D oGm;a&m/ J f Ny;D awmh bke;f Bu;D u bmpOf;pm;ovJ qdawmh igu omoemh0efukd pmayeJbmeJY &Guf k Y aqmifcsivYkd pmayawGukd oifvmw,f/ ighukd f remvdkvdkY ab;utjypfawGajymaeMuvdkY&Sd&if igh v k y f i ef ; bmrS txajrmuf r S m r[k w f b l ; / Ny;D awmh rsuEmxm;uvnf; wif;wif;eJY olwYkd f S ajymMuwm [kwfrSmbJ/ rsufESmxm;uvnf; cyfwif;wif;/ 'Dawmh rmeBuD;w,f? pmawmh awmfygw,f? rmeBu;D w,fajymMuw,f/ [kwrm f S bJeJY wlygw,f/ pdwfuvnf; tckxd cyfxuf xufudk/ 'geJY 'Dvdkqdkawmh igrjzpfao;bl;/ ig awmh arwmbm0emawmh BuKd ;pm;OD;rSqNkd y;D awmh pd w f y gyg? rygyg ta0&ma[mE K qd k w J h t"dym,frsKd ;eJayhgav/ arwmydwi;f odyywmyJ/ Y Yk dk f Ykd odyyvYkd wpfEpavmuf ESpEpavmuf f Ykd S f f S f oHk;ESpfavmufMuawmh rsufESmtaetxm; ajymif;oGm;w,fw/ olwab;u ajymMuw,f/ hJ Ykd pum;tajymtqdkvnf; ajymif;oGm;w,fwJh/ ajymMuw,f / tJ h ' D a emuf a wmh quf q H v d k Y tawmf&ukew,f/ wpfcsKd Uwpfavavmufom f usew,f/ trsm;ydi;f uawmh bke;f Bu;D udk vufcH f k vmw,f/ auseyfvmw,f/ 'Dawmh 'gbmvJ tvdrmoHk;vkdufwm/ tvdrmb,fu&vJ pmxJu&w,f/ rsufESmxm;wif;w,fqdkwm a'go rmeaMumifh rsuEmxm;wif;wm? a'go f S rmeudk arwmeJYjyefNyD;awmh NzdKr,fqdkNyD;awmh arwmbm0emeJY jyefNy;D NzKd vuw,f/ a'govnf; dk f avsmom;w,f/ rmevnf; tifrwefenf;oGm; h G w,f/ 'gawG bkef;BuD;uajymvdk&if;u tck acwfynm&SawGu trSwwrJeYJ tvdrmrygrSm d f h pdk;&w,f/ acwfynm&SdawGu ynm&Sdw,f? ynmwwfw,f? tarQmtjrif&w,f? em;vnf f dS w,f/ rmeBuD;aevdkY&Sd&if b,fES,hfvkyfrvJ/ tckeOpmb,fE,vyrvJ/ tJ'vponftm;jzihf h S fh k f D kd ayhgav/ tvdrmvnf;&SrS tvdrma&m? tarQmf d tjrifa&m? oifxm;wJhynma&m/ tJ'DvdkpHkrS 'DPfvavmufygw,faemf/ igynmwwfw,f/ kH igoifxm;wJynm[m xdywef;a&mufaew,f h f qdwmwpfceYJ rvHavmufygbl;/ [kwygw,f/ k k k f wpfcsKd UPfvnf;aumif;om;eJ?Y rSwPfvnf; f awmf&UJ ? &Pfvnf;awmf&UJ ? vHv0D&,r&Swm Yk d d eJ Y pmar;yG J u svd k Y / pmar;yG J r usonh f w k d i f aemufq;kH uatmifv/ vHv0D&,[m odyta&; Ykd Yk d f Bu;D wmyJ/ wpfcsdKUpD;yGm;&Smawmhvnf; tajrmf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onfvlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

35

eEmrdk;Mu,f

vufrwifuav;
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'rdVwpfa,muf tdy&mxJ bH;k bH;k vJ f cJayNy/ rdom;pkrmawmh ajcrudird vufrudif h D S k f k rd/ yihfvmcJhaom aq;q&muvnf; 'rdV\ jyuawhtajctaeudk avhvmppfaq;Ny;D aomf OD ; acgif ; ud k av;yif p G m cg;&rf ; vd k u f o nf / raumif;wwfom aomufp&maq;0g;tcsdKU uday;Ny;D ajc<ucudyif r,lawmhbJ aq;vG,f k k tdwfudkaumufvG,fum 'rdV\tdrfa*[mrS qif;oufvmcJhonf/ ]]tif;..tESpig;q,fv;kH vH;k ..qif;&J f yifyef;Bu;D pGm tvkyawGvycawmh tvky'Pf f k f hJ f ydNyD;..b0ed*Hk;csKyfawmhr,fxifyg&JU...}} rSeaypG/ f 'drdVonf tESpfig;q,fvHk;vHk; wHig tvkyjf zihf toufarG;0rf;ausmif;jyKconf/ olY hJ tvky..oltoufarG;rIum;..tukovwnf;/ f Y kd f ol E S i h f w uG ? ol \ rd o m;pk \ 0rf ; a&;twG u f kef;uefvIyf&Sm;cJhvnf; tlrawmifhcJhjcif;jzpf onf/ odaomf tukovjf zihf rnfoyif tlr Yk kd Ykd awmifhonfqdkapOD;awmh../ olonf wpfcg wpf&HrQ oDvrapmihfpzl;/ olvyief;u umvoufwrf;&ihav Y k f f av...tukodkvftrIawGu wdk;yGm;vmav onf/ ud,jf yKaom ukovu?H tukovuwYkd k kd f kd f H rnfonf jyKolxH wefjyefpNrJjzpfav&m xdk tusKd ;qufonf tdy&mxuf aoaumifaygif; f vJ jzpfaeaom 'rdVxHoYkd ducwfvmcJygacs k f h Ny/ D ]][m..rD;awmufrD;vQHBuD;awG..yl w,f..ylw,fAsm;..tm;..vkyMf uygOD;..u,f k MuygOD;..acG;eufBu;D awG usKyaemufvuae f dk f w,f..tm;..trav;..}} ua,mifuwrf;jzihf toHujkd cpfum

pl;pl;0g;0g;atmf[pfvuou tyg;wGiomru kd f H f reD ; ra0;ywf 0 ef ; usif u yif Mum;&ojzih f wkevyom;cJ&onf/ 'rdV..jrifawGUae&aom? f I f G h BuKH awGUae&aom ykH&dyfawGum; tyg,fi&J\ yH&yrsm; aywnf;/ k d f onftoHukd Mum;vdu&aom qGr;f k f cH ud,awmfav;wpfyg;u qifjcifvuronf/ k f dk f d ]]'D y H k t wd k i f ; qd k & if j zih f 'rd V &J U vm;&m[m vH k ; 0OH k r aumif ; bl ; / toufcEmpJwmeJY i&Judk wef;usrSmyJ/ 'Dawmh wwfEdkifoavmuf 'rdVudk u,fwif&r,f..}} bk&m;&Si\om;awmfyyD qGr;f cHu,f f D kd awmfav;onf 'rdV\tdya&SU &yfconf/ f hJ ]]uefawmhqr;f ygbk&m;]] G tdrom;wpfO;D u avQmufwifonf/ f ]]udpr&Sygbl;..'um/ ck..ig&yfae d wm.. qGr;f udk arQmvihvYkd r[kwygbl;/ oifwYkd f f f tdru vlrrm&JU aemufq;kH tajctaetay: f u,fwifMunhfIvdkvdkYyg..}} ]][m.. 'gjzihf tdray:udk <uawmfryg f l bk&m;..vlrrmuawmh vH;k 0udk r[kwawmhyg f bl; bk&m;..}} tdrfom;'umu udk,fawmfav;udk yifhzdwfonf/ udk,fawmfav;vnf; tdrfay:odkY <uvSr;f vsuf vJavsmif;aeaom 'rdV\ acgif; &if;xuf uyfxdkifvkdufonf/ ]]udi;f ..'g,um..o&P*HeYJ ig;yg; k k oDv aqmufwnf&atmif/ udk,fawmfa&SUuqdkay;r,f/ &wem oHk;yg;udk tmHkjyKNyD; vdkufqdk..}} ]]... ... ... ...}} ]]toHxurqdEib;l wJvm;..&w,f/ G f k kd f h pdwfxJu vdkufqdkacs..[kwfyvm;..}} ]]... ... ... ...}}

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

36

"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

jrwfAk'\ tvkyftauR; t&SiftmeEm

jrifhodef;(armfuRef;)
bk & m;&S i f \ tvk y f t auR; tjzpf cef Y t yf cH a wmf r l & jcif ;
jrwfA'Eihf t&SitmeEmwdEpyg;vH;k k S f Yk S f ouf a wmf 55 ES p f p D & S d a wmf r l M uaomtcg oH C mh t pnf ; ta0;wpf c k bk & m;&S i f u oufawmfBuD;&ifhvmNyDjzpf ,cktcg bk&m; &S i f t wG u f tNrJ w rf ; tvk y f t auR;wpf O D ; vdktyfvmNyDjzpfaMumif; rdefYMum;aMujimawmf rlygonf/ om0ut&Sijf rwfBu;D rsm; tm;vH;k u wm0ef xrf;aqmif&ef cGiyefavQmufxm;Muyg fh aomfvnf; bk&m;&Sifu wpfyg;wpfavudkrQ vufcH awmfrrlygacs/
When the Buddha and Ven. Ananda were both fifty five years of age, at an assembly of bhikkhus the Buddha declared that as he was grown old, now a permanent personal attendant was necessary for him. All the great noble disciples offered their servies, but the Buddha did not accept any of them. post. Ananda agree to accept the post on certain conditions. His requests on four refraining conditions and on four special privileges were as follows.

t&S i f t meE m wpf y g;wnf ; om Nidrfcsufom;aumif;NyD; usefayonf/ oDwif; oH;k azmfrsm;u wm0efxrf;aqmif&ef bmaMumihf ravQmufxm;&aMumif; ar;vmMu &mxl; wm0efrSm awmif;qdk&,l&rnfht&mr[kwfbJ jrwfAk'udk,fawmfwdkifu tvkyftauR;jyK&ef toihawmfq;kH jzpfoudk aumif;pGmodawmfrNl y;D f l jzpfaMumif; jyefvnfajzMum;awmfrlygw,f/ xdaemufwif jrwfA'u tmeEmonf rdrukd Yk G k d tm;&auseyfatmif aqmif&uEivrrnfjzpf G f dk f d hf NyD; xdk&mxl;wm0eftwGuf toihfawmfqHk; tjzpf a&G;cs,fvdkufaMumif; rdefYMum;aMujim awmfrlygonf/ t&SiftmeEmu tajctae wpfcsdKUay:rlwnf xdkwm0efudk vufcH&ef oabmwlvuyg\/ olawmif;qdaom y,fqk kd f k av;oG,f yefqav;yg;wdrm atmufygtwdi;f k Yk S k jzpfygonf/
Ven Ananda alone was left, he kept silent when his college asked him why he did not offer himself, he replied that the post was not something to be asked for, and the Buddha knew best who was suitable to be his attendant. Then the Buddha declared that Ananda would please him and would be the best choice for the

3/ bk&m;qkav;oG,ftjzpf awmif;qdkcsuf tu,fom bkef;awmfajcmufyg; ocif bk&m;&Sifonf y,fqkav;oG,fudk oabmusawmfrygvQif xdwm0efukd cH,aqmif l k l &Gufygrnf/ (1) a&Tbkef;awmfocif bk&m;&Sif onf tvS L cH & &S d a wmf r l a om taumif ; pm; ouFe;f wdukd rdrtm; ray;yJ aeawmfrygvQif Yk d l (2) a&Tbkef;awmfocif bk&m;&Sifonf rGejf rwfaom cJz,abmZOfukd rdrtm; ay;awmf G f d rlygvQif (3) a&Tbe;f awmfocif bk&m;&SitwGuf k f oD;oefowfrwxm;aom ausmif;awmftwGi;f Y S f rdrdtm; twlaecGihfjyKawmfrrlygvQif? (4) a&Tbkef;awmfocif bk&m;&Siftm; yihfzdwfaom 'g,um? 'g,dumrwdkYtdrfokdY rdrd tm; ac:aqmifom;jcif;jyKawmfrrlygvQif G a&Tbe;f awmfocif bk&m;&Sionf tu,f k f av;csufrS wpfckckudk jyKvkyfawmfrlyg vQif tcsdKUaom olwdkYu txiftjrifvGJNyD; 'DtcGihfta&;awGudk arQmfudk;um bk&m;&Sifudk jyKpkvkyfauR;aewmygvdkY ajymqdkaeMuvdrfhrnf [k t&SitmeEmu &Si;f jyygonf/ f
3. His request for four refraining conditions If the Bhagava would agree to these four refreaining conditions he would accept the post: (1) That the Bhagava refrained from giving him fine robes which he had received; (2) That the Bhagava refrained from giving him fine food; (3) That the Bhagava refrained from letting him stay in the same dwelling place reserved for him; (4) That the Bhagava refrained from taking him to lay supporters house when they invited him. Ananda explained, if the Bhagava did any of these four, some, through misunderstanding, would say that he served the Bhagava in order to get these privileges.

4/ t&SitmeEm\ yefqav;yg; f k t&SiftmeEmonf yefqkav;yg;wdkY udk a&Tbe;f awmfocif bk&m;&Sitm; xyfr k f H avQmufxm;awmif;qdkcJhygonf/ (1) bke;f awmfBu;D jrwfawmfraom bk&m; l &Sionf rdru yihzwaom ae&ma'orsm;odYk f d f d f <uawmfr&ef oabmwlawmfrlygvQif l (2) bke;f awmfBu;D jrwfawmfraom bk&m; l &Sifonf a0;ajr&yfjcm;rS vma&mufMuolrsm; tm; a&muf&NdS y;D rMumrDz;l ajrmfuefawmhciay; G fh awmfrlygvQif (3) bke;f awmfBu;D jrwfawmfraom bk&m; l &Sionf w&m;awmf\ jrnfonftcsuukd rqdk f h f rdrtwGuf tus,w0ih&i;f vif;ay;&ef vdtyf d f f S k vQif &Si;f vif;ay;awmfrygvQi?f l (4) bke;f awmfBu;D jrwfaom bk&m;&Sionf f rdrduG,f&m a[mMum;awmfrlcJhaom w&m; a'oemawmftm;vHk;udk rdrdtm; jyefvnf a[mMum;ay;awmfrlygvQif?
4. His request for four sepcial privilege The Ven. Ananda furture requested the Bhagava four special privileges. (1) That the Bhagava would agree to go to the places he would invite; (2) That the Bhagava would give audience to alien visitors immediately after their arrival; (3) That the Bhagava explained to him any points on the Teachings that need elucidation for him; (4) That the Bhagava recounted to him all the discourses he made out of his presence.

t&SiftmeEmu &Sif;vif;avQmuf xm;yg\/ rd r d a vQmuf x m;awmif ; yef c suf trSwf(1)? (2) ESihf (3) wdkYudk tu,fom bkef;awmfBuD;jrwfawmfrlaom bk&m;&Sifu oabmwlawmfrrlcygvQif ]'Davmufupav; hJ d awGavmufrS rjzpfajrmufvQif t&SiftmeEm bk&m;&Sifudk vkyfauR;jyKpkaejcif;[m bmrsm; pmrsufESm 37 okdY

DHAMMA V IRA FOR YOUTHS

"r0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfaponf/

37

q&mawmfBuD;\ Oyrmjy[mo&oyHkjyifrsm;

uRefawmfhudkawmhdk;dk;yJ ukay;ygq&m
cifoZmjrihf l
ur m at; a&ul ; bl w mH k v rf ; &S d oHCwuodkvf0,f &Srf;jynfe,fajrmufydkif; oEDrS vma&mufaeaom udk&ifaZmwduudk toufuvnf;jynfh ypn;f av;yg;'umuvnf; &vm q&mawmf B uD ; OD ; tm'd p y D , ud k Oypm,f jyKodrf0if&[ef;cHay;Muonf/ od r f t xG u f od r f q if ; avmif ; NyD ; aomtcg q&mawmfBuD;u [Jh armifyOif; &[ef ; opf q d k w m tusif h o D v pif M u,f N yD ; rGefjrwfvSw,f/ tJ'Dvdk oefY&Sif;pifMu,f rGef jrwfwJh oDv&SdaecsdefrSm udk,fhypnf;av;yg; 'um 'umrawG tusd K ;w&m;&&S d a tmif txl;w&m; uav;cyfwwa[mjyvduyg uG,f kd kd k f [k rdefYMum;onf/ &[ef;opf OD;yOif;i,f OD;awZdE onf q&mawmf B uD ; \ tvS L w&m;uav; qdwmudk em;rvnfojzifh xdwxwjf ymjym jzifh k f d ]]wynf h a wmf u pmawG ayawG txuf w ef ; a&muf a tmif r oif & ao;awmh txl;w&m;udk ray;wwfao;ygbk&m;? omref d k ; d k ; w&m;av;bJ a[mMum;yg&apbk & m; aeYv,f tvSLr*Fvm a&pufcs w&m;yGJusrS q&mawmfbk&m;u tvSLw&m; a[mMum; ay;apvdkygw,fbk&m;}} [k jyefvnfavQmufxm;&m q&mawmfEihf 'um S 'umrrsm;rSm udk&ifawZdEavQmufxm;csuf pum;aMumifh NyHKUwHk;wHk;jzpfukefMuNyD; q&m awmfu.... ]]tif; &Sr;f yOi;f armifawZdE uawmh wkwfNcH &yfuGufu armifpef;jrifh txl;uk q&m0ef x H o d k Y aq;cef ; aq;oG m ;uk a wmh uReawmfuawmh d;k d;k bJ ukay;yg q&mvdYk f h kd ajymovdjk zpfaeNyD ud;k uGUJ }} [kreYf Mum;onf/ d tJ'DtaMumif;uav;tus,f rdefY Mum; ygOD;bk&m; [k &[ef;'g,um OD;apmvIif d u avQmufxm;onf/ ]]at;wkwfNcHxJrSmaewJh bkef;BuD; wd&UJ 'um armifpef;jrifqwm d;k uvJ;kd aiGa&; Yk h kd aMu;a&;uvJ odyrjynfh pHb;l uGUJ wpfaeYoUl rSm f k acsmif;qd;k a&m*gjzpf avawmh ab;uvlawGu

rif ; acsmif ; qd k ; wmu cPcPjzpf a ew,f / dk;dk;acsmif; qdk;wmrjzpfEdkifbl; tqkyfa&m*g rsm; jzpf a eovm;rod b l ; ? tJ ' gtxl ; uk q&m0ef E S i f h oG m ;a&muf p pf a q;Munf h O D ; vd k Y wduwe;f Muawmh ajrmufOuvmyrSm zGixm; k f G hf wJh txl;ukaq;cef;oGm;jyowJ/ h armifpef;jrifhu vluvJdk; aiGu vJodyfrwwfEdkifavawmh txl;uk aq;cef; txl;ukq&m0efqdkvQif aq;ukc prf;oyfc txl;awmif;onf[xifrwNf y;D q&m0efBu;D udk k S ]]q&mBuD;&,f uRefawmfu qif;&Jygw,f/ pmrsufESm 36 rS t"dyg,f&SdovJ} [k vlwdkYu ajymqdkMuygvdrhf rnf/ pwkwtcsuftwGufrl bk&m;&Sif&Sdawmf rrlcuwif tjcm;&[ef;awmfrsm;u a'oem kd f G wpf&yfESihf pyfvsOf; wpfckckudk ar;jref;vmyg u olwdkYodvdkorQudk jyefvnfrajzMum;Ekdifyg vQif ]olu bk&m;&Si\ t&dyozG,f tyg;awmf f f eD;uyfpGm&Sdaeygvsuf 'gav;awmifrS rod &efaum} [k ajymMuygvdhrfrnfbk&m;[l? bke;f awmfBu;D jrwfaom bk&m;&Siu y,fqav; f k oG,yefqav;yg; yg0ifaom &Spcsuv;kH udyif f k f f k t&SitmeEmtm; cGijfh yKawmfrygonf/ f l
Ven. Ananda explained if the

uRefawmfhudkawmh txl;ukESifhawmhrukygESifh d;k d;k bJuay;yg 'Djyif yduqaygaom olawG k k f H udkom txl;ukESifh ukay;ygvdkY awmif;yef ajymMum;owJhuGJU}} tckvJbJ armifawZdEu ol r S m txuf w ef ; pmawG roif & ao;vd k Y txl ; w&m; ra[myg&apeJ Y d k ; d k ; w&m;yJ a[myg&ap vdavQmufxm;vmwmayghu,f [k Yk G rdeMYf um; awmfr&m &[ef;'um 'umrrsm;ESihf l aqGrsdK; y&dowfwfdkY &,f&TifNyHKUwHkY rNyHKUwHkYESifh &,farm Mu avawmhonf/ cif o l Z mjrif h
Bhagava were not to agree with his request number (1), (2) and (3) then people would say 'what is the meaning in Ananda's personal attendance on the Bhagava if he is devoid of even these things?' As regards the fourth one if other bhikkhus were to ask him something concerning a discourse out of the Bhagava's presence and if he should be unable to answer their query, they would say that he had been so close to the Bhagava as his very shadow and yet he did not know even this much. The Bhagava granted the Ven. Ananda all these eight comprising the four refrainments and the four favours. (To be continue)

DHAMMA V IRA ARTICLES

38

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

a&TvufeJYac:-olraysmf
aZmfaemif
wpf&Ha&mtcg?jynfAm&m? jA['wfrif; rif;jyKcg/ Ak'avmif;vsm xdpOfu? k oaEwnf&?ykPm;r/ arG;zGm;umv aeY&ufrm? S bk&ifhom;ESifh twlwlyg/ rif;jrwf&mZm trwfwtm;? Ykd >ruf[odYk tar;pum;/ ighom;awmfeYJ twlw&,f? l wpfaeYxzm; &Sovm;uG,/ J G d f xdkoli,f&Sdyghbk&m;trwfwu wifavQmufxm; Ykd yka&m[dwf&JUom;/ rif;Bu;D rdeMYf um; olci;f ay? kd yka&m[dwfom;udk ac:,lap/ twlae twlpm;? rif;om;eJupm;/ Y xdkESpfa,mufom; twlae? &&SdcHpm; tcGifhta&;wl? tm;vH;k tukewef;wl/ f t&G,fa&mufrl ESpfa,mufom;? wuovjf ynfuom;/ kd kd G ynmoifMum; wwfajrmufcg a&TjynfawmfodkY jyefa&mufvm/ bk&ifBuD;rSmol\om;? tdrfa&SUrif;t&mxm;/ odkYygaomfjim;xdkESpfa,mufrSm? cspfcif&if;pGJ rysufyg/ oGm;oGm;vmvm b,frcG?J ,ciftwdi;f rajymif;vG/ k J rNrJtedp w&m;trSef bk&ifrif;jrwf ukefayghuH/ tdrfa&SUpH oli,fcsif;? eef;wufb&ifrif;/ k pOf;pm;rdaygh xdktcg? bk&m;tavmif;&JUtawG;rSm? ]]rif;}}jzpfvmwJh oli,fcsif; olucs;D ajrmuf b,fr,Gi;f ? Y kd yka&m[dwft&mESif;/ avmuDabmifwGif;qufvufae? tusdK;rJhNyD; rJhvdkufav/ &[ef;jyKacs aumif;aypG? aumif;aomtBuHudk&/ rdbESpfyg;udk &SdOD;wif? awmxGufcJhayghcsufcsif;yif/ pGefYMuOfz,f&Sm;-olvQifoGm;? &mxl;pnf;pdrf tvum;/ tcgwpfyg; rif;BuD;rSm/ oli,fcsi;f udk atmufarhyg/ olb,frSmvJ ckcsufcsif;? tjrefac:cJh a&SUawmfoGif; yka&m[dwt&m oluEi;f / f Y kd S bk&ifrif;u cdkif;ap&m? ao,strwfvdkuf&Sm? ypE&mZft&yfrSm? awGUaomtcg wifavQmufMum; bk&if>rufpum;/ bk&m;tavmif;u rdeonfrm? Yf S ]]rif;}}csD;ajrmufrnfh yka&m[dwft&m/ tJo[mudk tomxm;? pMu0aw; pnf;pdrfyif rvdkvm;/ ynm&Sdrsm; rnfonfrSm? pGevwcNhJ y;D udavom/ Yf T f b,faomtcgrS jyefraumuf? axG;cJNh y;D aom wHawG;ayguf/ tacgufacgufwnfh tcgcg? rnfodkYawmif;yef r&yg/ &mxl;pnf;pdrf b,frruff?

b,fodkYzsufzsuf olrysuf jrwf"rwif arGUaysmvsuf G f ao,strwf tjyefcuf/ / twd w f \ yH k & d y f ,ckao,sZmwfudk tcgwpfyg; jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f aZw0ef a usmif ; awmf oD w if ; oH k ; awmf r l a epOf - omoemawmf NiD ; aiG U aom &[ef ; uf d k taMumif ; jyKNyD ; a[mawmfrljcif; jzpfygonf/ om0wdjynf qGr;f cHom;aom&[ef;onf acsmarmvSy onfh G rdef;rysdKwpfa,mufudk awGUjrifNyD; NidwG,fjcif; jzpf omoemawmf raysmfarGU awmhbJ Ni;D aiGUjcif; jzpfay:vmavonf/ xdtaMumif; k udk &[ef;wdu jrwfpmbk&m; udk avQmufxm; Yk G \/ jrwfpmbk&m;u xd&[ef;udk ]]trSeyifavm}} G k f [kac:ar;\/ xdk&[ef;uvnf; [kwfrSef aMumif; 0efcH\/xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifu? oHo&m 0#fqif;&JrS vGwajrmufap&m trSef f omoemawmf tb,faMumifh Ni;D aiGU &oenf;/ a&S;ynm&SdwdkYonf yka&m[dwf t&mudk &yg vsuf xd&mxl;pnf;pdrukd jiif;y,fum &[ef; k f jyK\ [krdefYMum;um? twdwfudk aqmifawmf rljcif;jzpfygonf/ Am&mPoD j ynf jA[ ' wf r if ; rif;jyKaomtcgwGif Ak'tavmif;awmfonf? yka&m[dw\ ykPm;r0rf; y#doaE wnfum f bk&ifrif;jrwf\ om;awmfEiwpf aeYwnf;zGm; S hf \/ rif;jrwfonf ig\ om;awmfEihf wpfaeY S wnf;zGm;aomoli,f &Soavm[k trwfwukd d Ykd ar;\/ trwfwYkd u yka&m[dwBf u;D \ om;&Syg d onf[k avQmufwif\/ rif;Bu;D u yka&m[dwf \ om;ud k a c:,l a p rif ; om;ES i f h twl xdef;ausmif;arG;jrL&ef txdef;awmfwdkYtm; tyf\/xdaMumifh yka&m[dw\om;ESihf rif;om; Yk f onf twlae twlpm; twlom; twlvm G jzifh tvGefcspfcif&if;ESD;aom olrsm;jzpfvm Muonf/ pmoif&G,fa&mufvQif wuodkvf jynf twlwuGoGm;a&muf ynmoif\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/ ynmwwfajrmuf wuodkvfjynfrS jyefvm Muaomf rif ; BuD ; u 4if ; \ om;awmf u d k tdrfa&SUrif;t&may;\/ rif;om;onftdrfa&SU rif ; jzpf v maomf v nf ; 4if ; \ ol i ,f c sif ; yka&m[dwf\om;ESifh ,ciftwdkif; twlpm; twloGm; cspfcif&if;ESD;NrJ jzpf\/ odkYaevmMu&mrS bk&ifrif; jrwf ewf&mvm;aomf tdra&SUrif;eef;wufav onf/ G f xdktcg yka&m[dwf\om; bkk&m;avmif;u odkYawG;rd\/ igholi,fcsif; bk&ifjzpfaomf ighudk rkcs yka&m[dwf t&mcefYrnf trSef/ &mxl; pnf;pdrfOpmwdkYxuf ightm; trSef wu,f tusKd ;&Saprnfh t&mrSm- &aoh&[ef; d jyK w&m;tm;xkwjf cif;tvkyom jzpf\ [k f qHk;jzwf rdbwdkYtm; &Sdcdk;OD;cscGifhyefoum? awmod k Y 0 if \ / yk a &m[d w f \ om; bk & m; tavmif;onf awmom;BuD;b0jzifh psmef tbdnmOfwom aysmarGU aeavonf/ Ykd f wpfaeYaomf bk&ifrif;jrwfonf olY oli,fcsif; yka&m[dwf\om;udk atmufarh owd&awmfrlonf/ trwfwdkYudk ar;jref; awm&yfrDS aeaMumif;odaomf ao,strwfukd txl;wm0efay;um tac:vTwonf/ ao,s f trwf v nf ; xd k & [ef ; xH t a&muf o G m ; rif;BuDD;rSmMum; onfhtwdkif;wifjyum rif; aejynfodkY vdkufyg&ef yifhavQmufonf/ xdktcg yka&m[dwf\om; bk&m; tavmif;u ao,strwfukd odYk jyefMum;\/ rif;wdkYbk&ifrif;jrwfu ightm;ay;rnfh yka&m [dw&mxl;udk xm; ightm;pMu0aw;rif;\ f pnf ; pd f r f u d k ay;rnf q d k v nf ; igrvd k u f N yD / ynm&S d r sm;onf pG e f Y N yD ; aom ud a vomud k wzef j yef r ,l axG ; NyD ; aom wH a wG ; ayguf yrmjzpfacs\ [ljzpfavonf/ Zmwf a ygif ; u- omoemawmf u d k NiD;aiGYonfqdkaom xdk&[ef;onf aomwm ywdzdkvf wnf tjcm;aom &[ef;trsm; tjym;vnf; 4if;uJhodkYyif aomwmywdzdkvf wnfMuonf/ xd k p Of t cgu rif ; um;,ck &S i f tmeEm [dkpOfu ao,strwfrSm ,ck &Sif om&dyw&m [dpOfu yka&m[dw\ om;awmf k k f rSm ,ck igbk&m;jzpfownf;/ usrf ; ud k ; ao,sZmwf ig;&mh i g;q,f 0 w K anmif u ef q &mawmf / aZmf a emif

39

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