Biography of Emily Bronte

Name: Javier Bernal M

Introduction
In the following essay, I am going to make a biography of the writer of the Nobel Wuthering Heights who is Emily Jane Bronte. She was an English novelist and poet, now best remembered for her only novel, Wuthering Heights, a classic of English literature. Emily was the second eldest of the three surviving Bront sisters, between Charlotte and Anne. She published under the pen name Ellis Bell. Her literary movement was the romanticism, and she has many influents to write for example The Holy Bible, William Shakespeare, Lord Byron, John Milton, Robert Burns, Walter Scott and even her sister Charlotte Bront. Now, Wuthering Heights is considered a classic of English literature, met with mixed reviews by critics when it first appeared, mainly because of the narrative's stark depiction of mental and physical cruelty.

Biography
Emily Bront was born on 30 July 1818 in Thornton, near Bradford in Yorkshire, to Maria Branwell and Patrick Bront. She was the younger sister of Charlotte Bront and the fifth of six children. In 1824, the family moved to Haworth, where Emily's father was perpetual curate, and it was in these surroundings that their literary gifts flourished. After the death of their mother, the older sisters Maria, Elizabeth and Charlotte were sent to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge, where they encountered abuse and privations later described by Charlotte in Jane Eyre. Emily joined the school for a brief period. When atyphus epidemic swept the school, Maria and Elizabeth caught it. Maria, who may actually have had tuberculosis, was sent home, where she died. Emily was subsequently removed from the school along with Charlotte and Elizabeth. Elizabeth died soon after their return home. Emily became a teacher at Law Hill School in Halifax beginning in September 1838, when she was twenty. Her health broke under the stress of the 17-hour work day and she returned home in April 1839. Thereafter she became the stay-at-home daughter, doing most of the cooking and cleaning and teaching Sunday school. She taught herself German out of books and practiced piano.

Works
Her main work its the Nobel Wuthering Heights. The name of the novel comes from the Yorkshire manor on the moors on which the story centers (as an adjective; Wuthering is a Yorkshire word referring to turbulent weather). The narrative tells the tale of the allencompassing and passionate, yet thwarted, love between Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them and many around them. At the other hand, that novel was not the only that she wrote, she also wrote these poems: Poems of Currer, Acton and Ellis Bell (1846), Faith and Despondency, Stars, The Philosopher, Remembrance, A Death-Scene, Song, Anticipation, The Prisoner A, Fragment, Hope, A Day Dream, To Imagination, How Clear She Shines, Sympathy, Plead for me, Self-Interrogation, Death, Stanzas To --, Honour's Martyr, Stanzas, My Comforter and The Old Stoic

Emily Bronte Chronology

30/07/1818 Emily Jane Bronte, fifth child of the Bronte family was born at Thornton. 20/08/1818 Emily Jane Bronte, fifth child of the Bronte family was baptised. 25/11/1824 Emily Bronte was sent to the Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge. 24/11/1834 Emily Bronte wrote: "I fed Rainbow, Diamond, Snowflake Jasper pheasent alias this morning. Branwell went down to Mr Drivers and brought news that Sir Robert Peel was going to be invited to stand for Leeds. Anne and I have been peeling apples for Charlotte to make an apple pudding.....Taby said just now come Anne pillopatate..." 07/08/1837 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "O God of Heaven! The dream of horror". 04/12/1838 Emily Bronte wrote the poem "A little while, a little while, The noisy crowd are barred away...". 18/12/1838 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "The Bluebell". 12/01/1839 Emily Bronte wrote the poem "The night was dark yet winter breathed...." 12/07/1839 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "And now the house-dog stretched once more". 30/09/1839 Emily Bronte wrote the poem "The organ swells the trumpets sound". 14/11/1839 Emily Bronte wrote the poem "Well, some may hate, and some may scorn, And some may quite forget thy name...".

06/01/1840 Emily Bronte wrote the poem "Thy son is near meridian height, and my sun sinks in endless night...". 01/03/1841 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "Riches I hold in light esteem and Love I laugh to scorn...". 16/07/1841 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "Aye, there it is! It wakes tonight". 11/03/1844 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "The Wanderer from the Fold". 01/05/1844 Emily Bronte wrote a poem "The linnet in the rocky dells, The moor-lark in the air...". 03/02/1845 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "The Philosopher". 03/03/1845 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "Remembrance". 10/04/1845 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "Death". 14/04/1845 Emily Bronte wrote the poem Stars: "....All through the night, your glorious eyes were gazing down in mine,..." 02/01/1846 Emily Bronte wrote her poem "No coward soul is mine, No trembler in the world's storm-troubled sphere...". 25/01/1846 Emily Bronte wrote the poem, "No coward soul is mine No trembler in the world's storm-troubled sphere...". 07/05/1846 First printed copies of the Book of "Poems" by Charlotte, Emily and Anne Bronte arrived at the Parsonage. They had used the pseudonym of Acton, Currer and

Ellis Bell. 04/07/1846 The published Bronte Poems using the pseudonym of Acton, Currer and Ellis Bell received favourable criticism. Only two copies were sold. 14/09/1846 Emily Bronte wrote the poem Why ask to know the date the clime?. 04/07/1847 The manuscripts of Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights and Anne's Agnes Grey were sent to the publishers; T.C. Newby. They were published in December 1847. 14/12/1847 Emily and Anne received six published copies of their novels, Wuthering Heights and Agnes Grey from their publishers. 16/11/1848 Emily Brontes health was poor. Charlotte Bronte wrote of her sister having difficulty breathing and pains in her chest. 19/12/1848 Emily Bronte died at 2 o'clock in the afternoon. She was 30 years old. 22/12/1848 Emily Bronte was buried in the family vault at Haworth Parish Church. She had died on 19th December aged 30. 22/05/1850 Charlotte Bronte wrote of her dead sister Emily Bronte:

"For my part I am free to walk on the moors - but when I go out there alone everything reminds me of the times when others were with me and then the moors seem a wilderness, featureless, solitary, saddening - My sister Emily had a particular love for them , and there is not a knoll of heather, not a branch of fern, not a young bilberry leaf not a fluttering lark or linnet but reminds me of her."

Her dead

Emily's health, like her sisters', had been weakened by unsanitary conditions at home, the source of water being contaminated by runoff from the church's graveyard. She caught a cold during the funeral of her brother in September 1848. She soon grew very thin and ill, but rejected medical help and refused all proffered remedies, saying that she would have "no poisoning doctor" near her. She died of tuberculosis on 19 December 1848 at about two in the afternoon. She was interred in the Church of St. Michael and All Angels family vault, Haworth, West Yorkshire. After the appearance of Wuthering Heights, some skeptics maintained that the book was written by Branwell, on the grounds that no woman from such circumscribed life, could have written such passionate story. In 1848 Charlotte and Anne visited George Smith to reveal their identity and to help quell rumors that a single author lay behind the pseudonyms. After her sisters' deaths, Charlotte edited a second edition of their novels, with prefatory commentary aimed at correcting what she saw as the reviewers' misunderstanding of Wuthering Heights. .

Conclusion

Perhaps the greatest writer of the three Bront sisters: Charlotte, Emily and Anne. Emily Bront published only one novel, Wuthering Heights, a story of the doomed love and revenge. The sisters also published jointly a volume of verse, poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell. Only two copies of the book were sold. Unlike Charlotte, Emily had no close friends. She wrote a few letters and was interested in mysticism. Her first novel, Wuthering Heights, a story-within-a-story, did not gain immediate success as Charlotte's Jane Eyre, but it has acclaimed later fame as one of the most intense novels written in the English language. In contrast to Charlotte and Anne, whose novels take the form of autobiographies written by authoritative and reliable narrators, Emily introduced an unreliable narrator, Lockwood. He constantly misinterprets the reactions and interactions of the inhabitants of Wuthering Heights. More reliable is Nelly Dean, the housekeeper, who has lived for two generations with the novel's two principal families, the Earnshaws and the Lintons.

Bibliography
http://www.haworth-village.org.uk/brontes/emily/emily.asp

(retrived on june 5, 2011) http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/ebronte.htm (retrived on june 5, 2011)