MILD ANXIETY RELATED TO CHANGE IN ROLE FUNCTION

Assess patients anxiety level.

YES Patient will verbalize awareness of feeling of anxiety. NO Patient will not verbalize feeling of anxiety.

YES Patient feels worried about her familys source of income Patient feels restless

Determine how patient copes with anxiety

YES

NO

Patient prays every time she feels anxious and worried Patient talks with other family members when shes anxious YES

Patient is uncooperative

Reduce sensory stimuli by maintaining a quiet environment; keep "threatening" equipment out of sight.
YES NO

Patient gets to relax when the room is quiet and peaceful

Patient does not want to stay in her room, she feels claustrophobic

Assist the patient in developing anxietyreducing skills (e.g., relaxation, deep breathing, positive visualization, and reassuring self-statements).

NO

Patient does not want to practice relaxation technique

YES Patients anxiety is relieved through deep breathing exercise Patient learns to manage her feelings by reassuring herself that things are going to be fine

ARGUMENT SCHEME:

NURSING DIAGNOSIS: Mild anxiety related to change in role function

CLAIM: Anxiety is relieved by reducing sensory stimuli by maintaining a quiet environment letting the patient verbalize his feelings of anxiety and making him determine his coping mechanisms. DATA: Mrs Heart experiences anxiety when she thinks about her family, how they could cope with the expenses of her hospitalization. She has anorexia, because of her worries, she lost her appetite. WARRANT: An anxious person may be relieved by reducing sensory stimuli by maintaining a quiet environment; keep "threatening" equipment out of sight. Anxiety may escalate with excessive conversation, noise, and equipment around the patient. This may be evident in both hospital and home environments. REBUTTAL: The patient, Mrs. Heart is experiencing loss of appetite. She worries about her family. Because of her stay in the hospital, she might not be able to provide for their living. Her anxiety may be alleviated if she has someone to talk it over with and if her environment is being kept quiet. QUALIFIER: Mrs. Hearts anxiety was lessened; she learned to verbalize her feelings instead of keeping them to herself which can only heighten her anxiety. She does breathing exercises when she feels s like being anxious again.

1. Claim: Conclusions whose merit must be established. For example, if a person tries to convince a listener that he is a British citizen, the claim would be I am a British citizen. (1) 2. Data: The facts we appeal to as a foundation for the claim. For example, the person introduced in 1 can support his claim with the supporting data I was born in Bermuda. (2) 3. Warrant: The statement authorizing our movement from the data to the claim. In order to move from the data established in 2, I was born in Bermuda, to the claim in 1, I am a British citizen, the person must supply a warrant to bridge the gap between 1 & 2 with the statement A man born in Bermuda will legally be a British Citizen. (3) 4. Backing: Credentials designed to certify the statement expressed in the warrant; backing must be introduced when the warrant itself is not convincing enough to the readers or the listeners. For example, if the listener does not deem the warrant in 3 as credible, the speaker will supply the legal provisions as backing statement to show that it is true that A man born in Bermuda will legally be a British Citizen. 5. Rebuttal: Statements recognizing the restrictions to which the claim may legitimately be applied. The rebuttal is exemplified as follows, A man born in Bermuda will legally be a British citizen, unless he has betrayed Britain and has become a spy of another country. 6. Qualifier: Words or phrases expressing the speakers degree of force or certainty concerning the claim. Such words or phrases include possible, probably, impossible, certainly, presumably, as far as the evidence goes, or necessarily. The claim I am definitely a British citizen has a greater degree of force than the claim I am a British citizen, presumably. The first three elements claim, data, and warrant are considered as the essential components of practical arguments, while the second triad qualifier, backing, and rebuttal may not be needed in some arguments.