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com PHYSICS FOR 9TH CLASS (UNIT # 5) ============================================================ Read Instructions before study: Bullet means you have to write the answer in paragraph shape and you could not change the sequence. Bullets are used only for your ease. i) Roman numbered, question may be written as it is. However sequence can be changed. *** This item should not be written in answer. It is just a hint for you. Pay more attention on the bold text in answers. =*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=

THEORY
Question: Define Scalar and Vector Quantities? Scalar Quantities: Physical quantities which are completely specified by their magnitude with proper unit are called scalar quantities. E.g. mass, time, volume etc Vector Quantities: Physical quantities which are completely specified by their magnitude with proper unit along with particular direction are called vector quantities. E.g. Force, gravity, weight etc. Question: Define Vector representation? A vector is represented by a straight line whose length gives its magnitude while arrow head shows its direction. This straight line is also called the representative line of that vector. Question: What is a negative vector? A vector whose magnitude is equal to another vector but is in the opposite direction is called negative vector. Question: i) ii) iii) Describe the addition of vectors by head to tail rule? Select the frame of reference and a suitable scale. Draw the lines of given vectors. To add these vectors again draw these lines such that the head of first vector coincides with the tail of second. iv) The line joining the tail of first vector with head of second vector represents the resultant vector. v) Length of line according to scale gives the magnitude of resultant vector. vi) This is called head to tail rule to add the given vectors. vii) We can also add more than two vectors by this method. Question: Define resultant vector? The addition of two or more vectors can be represented by a single vector, which is called resultant vector. Question: What is the minimum number of forces equal to magnitude whose vector sum is zero? Two Question: Describe the subtraction of vector? Let we have to subtract vector B from the vector A. We can write it mathematically as: ============================================================
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Written by: - SHAHZAD IFTIKHAR Contact # 0313-7891989, 0333-5319544 e-mail: shahzad2sunny@hotmail.com website: www.eservicespakistan.com PHYSICS FOR 9TH CLASS (UNIT # 5) ============================================================

A B= A + (-B) Now we can determine the resultant of A and negative vector (-B) by usual addition of vectors method. This shows that the resultant vector can be obtained by adding vector A and the negative of vector B by the usual method of addition Question: What is resolution of a vector? As addition of vectors gives resultant vector. Similarly a vector can be divided into its components. (A part of vector which is effective in some particular direction is called the component of that vector) If a vector is divided into two such components which are perpendicular to each other are called rectangular components. So Division of a vector into its components is called resolution of a vector Question: What are the rectangular components of a vector? The components of a vector which are perpendicular to each other. The magnitude of the components are i) Fx = F cos 0 ii) Fy = F sin 0 Question: When a rocket takes off, its total momentum is zero, whereas total energy is not, why? The motion of rocket and the burning gases are in opposite direction. The total momentum of system is zero, but total energy of the system is not zero. The reason is that momentum is a vector quantity and energy is a scalar quantity. Question: What will be the effect, if a vector is multiplied by a negative number? Magnitude and direction of that vector will change. Question: When two equal and opposite vectors are added. What will be their resultant and direction? Their resultant vector has zero magnitude and its direction is arbitrary. Question: What do you mean by trignometry? It is the branch of Mathematics which deals with the properties of right angled triangles. Question: What do you mean by frame of reference? In any plane, the direction of vector is represented by the help of two mutually perpendicular lines. These lines represent north, south, east and west. These lines are called frame of reference. =*=*=*=*= More works/Tasks: Do Exercise from your Book. Do Objectives from book & from any other objective book. Do Numerical with the help of your teacher. Do Interesting Information from book. Do Scientific Reasons with the help of teacher.
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