AIRPORT SIGNS

OBJECTIVES
Using references and in accordance with AC 150/5340-18, identify a. The function, components and layout of a taxiway and runway signage system b. For a given sign, its Color Inscription Location
T-1-SN

OBJECTIVES
(continued)

Using references and in accordance with AC 150/5340-18, identify c. Taxiway and runway sign operation and installation criteria.

T-2-SN

PART 139.311
Requires
Signs that identify taxiing routes Runway holding position markings and signs ILS critical area marking and signs
T-4-SN

PART 139.311
Requires all signs be properly maintained
Clean No faded/missing/nonfunctional sections Unobscured and clearly visible Accurate
T-5-SN

FUNCTIONS OF TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

Identify taxiway designation Identify routes to a destination Indicate hold positions

T-6-SN

FUNCTIONS OF TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

(continued)

Identify boundaries for ILS critical areas Runway safety areas/obstacle free zones (OFZs) Runway approach areas
T-7-SN

COMPONENTS OF TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

Holding position sign and taxiway location sign Taxiway/runway intersection ILS critical area Runway approach area Runway/runway intersection
T-8-SN

COMPONENTS OF TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

(continued)

Taxiway direction sign Taxiway/taxiway intersection where aircraft would normally turn or hold short

T-9-SN

COMPONENTS OF TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

(continued)

Runway exit sign at each normally used runway exit Destination sign may replace taxiway direction sign or runway exit sign at uncontrolled airport

T-10-SN

COMPONENTS OF TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

(continued)

Location signs Taxiway signs identify taxiways Runway signs identify runways Runway safety area/OFZ and runway approach boundary signs identify where pilot reports clear
T-11-SN

COMPONENTS OF TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SYSTEMS

(continued)

No entry sign for prohibited areas Taxiway ending marker for end of pavement Information signs for other information
T-12-SN

A A

Taxiways designated from north to south and then east to west

B2 J A B
9

B1 * Designated as B with a numeric, e.g., B3 ** Also designated as D with a numeric e.g., D1, D2

B A J H C2 H C D J H H

K* K D D

25

DESIGNATING TAXIWAYS
15

C D G**

C1 E F** C

27

33

D D

C D

N
T-13-SN

E D

APRON

15-33
Typical holding position sign for runways

ILS
ILS holding position sign

15-APCH
Holding position sign for approach areas

No entry sign
T-14-SN

Taxiway location sign

T-15-SN

Runway location sign

Runway safety area/OFZ boundary sign and runway approach area boundary sign

ILS critical area boundary sign

T-16-SN

Direction sign

Typical outbound destination sign

Example of an inbound destination sign

Outbound destination sign to different runways

T-17-SN

TAXIWAY ENDING MARKER

A
T-18-SN

APPLICATION EXAMPLES FOR HOLD POSITION SIGNS

15-APCH

Approach area

150 foot wide

15-APCH

A 15

Rwy safety area/OFZ

A

B 15-33

15-33 B

ILS

ILS critical area

T-19-SN

A 15

15 A

Taxiway centerline marking Holding bay

A 33

33 A

Holding position markings extending across holding bay

T-20-SN

Holding position sign on left side difficult to see

RUNWAY 15-33
A
15 -3 3 15 3 -3

Holding position markings do not extend straight across the taxiway

T-21-SN

RUNWAY LOCATION SIGNS AND ARROWS ON HOLDING POSITION SIGNS

23

31

27

7 -2 9

9-27

27

-23 5

A
T-22-SN

Taxiway entrance at intersection of two runways

Taxiway entrance at intersection of two runway ends

27

13-31

31

HOLDING POSITION SIGNS AT RUNWAY INTERSECTIONS

2 7 -9

200 foot wide runway

31-13

13
2 7 -9

150 foot wide runway

Runway 27 used for land and hold short operations or used as a taxiway
T-23-SN

9922 - - 77

31

31-13

9 -2

27

13-31

LOCATION DISTANCES FOR HOLDING POSITION MARKINGS

Approach category and (design group)

A & B (I & II) A & B (I, II, & III) A & B (IV) C & D (I through IV) C & D (V )
T-24-SN

Perpendicular distance from runway centerline to RWY/TWY Visual/Nonprecision

125 200 250 250 250

Precision
175 250 250 250 280

ILS HOLDING POSITION SIGN REQUIRED

RUNWAY 15-33 A
Runway safety area Runway hold line marking (see AC 150/5340-1)
ILS hold line marking (AC 150/5340-1)

A 15-33 ILS
T-25-SN

ILS critical area

ILS HOLDING POSITION SIGN NOT REQUIRED

RUNWAY 15-33

ILS critical area

Runway safety area

A 15-33
T-26-SN

DISTANCE BETWEEN HOLDINGS 50 FEET OR LESS

RUNWAY 15-33
Runway safety area

A 15-33
ILS critical area
T-27-SN

Straight ahead taxiway

E
STANDARD 4-WAY INTERSECTION

A
T-28-SN

STRAIGHT AHEAD TAXIWAY HAS DIRECTION CHANGE GREATER THAN 25 DEGREES

E A A
T-29-SN

DESIGNATION STRAIGHT AHEAD TAXIWAY HAS CHANGED

Straight ahead taxiway

E A F
T-30-SN

Y CONFIGURATION WITH TAXIWAY A CHANGING DIRECTION A F

T-31-SN

Example of location sign on far side of intersection

E E
T-32-SN

F AA FA

E E

Alternate array of signs illustrates sign orientation when location sign not installed

PERPENDICULAR DISTANCES FOR TAXIWAY INTERSECTION MARKINGS FROM CENTERLINE OF CROSSING TAXIWAY
Airplane Design Group
I 44.5 II 65.5 III 93 IV 129.5 V 160 VI 193

See AC 150/5300-13, Airport Design

T-33-SN

LOCATION DISTANCES FOR TAXIWAY GUIDANCE SIGNS

Signs height (inches) Signs size Legend Face Installed (max.) Perpendicular distance from Precision defined taxi/ runway edge (feet)

1 2 3

12 15 18

18 24 30

30 36 42

10-20 20-35 35-60

T-34-SN

G C E
D

B
INTL C C B

B
F F B INTL F INTL INTL INTL

C
C C

Taxiway holdline markings where an operational need

C F F

N
T-35-SN

SIGNING EXAMPLE FOR A COMPLEX AIRPORT

ILS

ILS critical area

B 9

C 9-27 INTL B

927

D
27 9-

D BF INTL

G
G C C C

GH

27 H -9

-9 27

Refer to AC 150/5340-18, Appendix 1, pg 4

F18 F

F F 27-9 27-9
18-36

D 9-27

A 36-18

A
A

E F

36

T-36-SN

F36

Air Carrier Apron

36

A A

F A

A9

B 9-27

9-27

F 9-27 A F

F A

927

27
18-36 F A

A27

G27

18
D
18-36 A 18-36 D
E36

Refer to AC 150/5340-18, Appendix 1, pg 5

General Aviation Apron

G G
G

9
F

RUNWAY DISTANCE REMAINING SIGNS

Preferred Method
1250 1000 1000 1000 1000 1250

T-37-SN

RUNWAY DISTANCE REMAINING SIGNS

Alternate Method #1
500 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

5 2 1
1000

1000

1000

1000

1000

5
1000

* Less than 1000 ft. from takeoff end; may be omitted

T-38-SN

6 *
500

6 *

RUNWAY DISTANCE REMAINING SIGNS

Alternate Method #2
1250 1000 1000 1000 1000 1250

4 4

1250

1000

1000

1000

1000

5
1250

T-39-SN

4 4

5 5

LOCATION DISTANCES FOR RUNWAY DISTANCE REMAINING SIGNS

Signs height (inches) Signs size Legend Face Installed (max.) Distance from Precision defined pavement edge (feet)

4 5

40 25

40 30

60 42

50-75 20-35

T-40-SN

INSPECTING AIRPORT SIGNAGE

Same size and height in one array Identifiable from 800 ft away Uniform and steady brightness

T-41-SN

INSPECTING AIRPORT SIGNAGE

(continued)

Lighted if appropriate Maintained in good condition Not confusing or deceptive

T-42-SN

INSPECTING AIRPORT SIGNAGE

(continued)

Consistent with approved sign plan Compliant with standards Installed on frangible mounts with breakaway connectors
T-43-SN

INSPECTING AIRPORT SIGNAGE

(continued)

Mounting stakes or concrete pads flush with grade Level and properly oriented Adequate clearance User reports/comments
T-44-SN