2 basic types of thinking(?

)
Critical thinking
the ability to think clearly and rationally includes the ability to engage in reflective and independent thinking

Creative thinking
a matter of coming up with new possibilities Then apply Critical thinking to selecting best of new possibilities

Both crucial for solving problems & discovering new knowledge.

 Critical thinking is not a matter of accumulating information.

A person with a good memory and who knows a lot of facts is not necessarily good at critical thinking...

Good critical thinking is the foundation of science & society.

Science requires the critical use of reason in experimentation and theory confirmation. Democracy requires citizens who can think critically about social issues to inform their judgments about proper governance and to overcome biases and prejudice.

Edward deBonos Mental Valleys Model for Thinking

Streams of thinking Valleys

Creative thinking involves breaking out of established patterns (valleys) in order to look at things in a different way. de Bono
Purposeful channel Random jump

Alex Osborns original Rules of Brainstorming

Criticism is ruled out Freewheeling is welcomed Quantity is wanted Combination and improvement are sought

e.g. - Process for going to hospital Casualty

1. 2. 3. 4.

Speak to receptionist Wait in waiting area Seen by triage nurse Wait in room or on trolley 5. Seen by attending doctor 6. Doctor determines need for diagnostic tests 7. Wait in room or on trolley

8. Move to test room 9. Tests performed 10. Move back to Casualty - wait in room or on trolley 11. Test results sent to doctor 12. Doctor determines need for consultant 13. Wait for consultant 14. Seen by consultant specialising in condition

using simple rules

Think about the Casualty process Ask: What are the assumptions and rules around that theme? For example
Potential simple rules: Patients cannot get access to a doctor without first seeing the receptionist and triage nurse Potential ideas: Put the patient in a room on arrival and have a team consisting of a receptionist, nurse and doctor visit the patient simultaneously to get all needed information and begin the work up.