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MapInfo Training
MapInfo Training
What is GIS?
GIS Refers to software tools which use spatial / geographic techniques to visualize and analyze data Typically, GIS is used to relate different types of geographic data.
o Polygons (e.g. counties) o lines (e.g. rivers or utility lines) o points (e.g. population centers)
Spatial relationships between data translate to mathematical expressions and can be evaluated by GIS tools
Coordinate Systems
A coordinate system is used to create a numerical representation of geometric objects. Each point in a geometric object is represented by a pair of numbers. Those numbers are the coordinates for that point. In cartography*, coordinate systems are closely related to projections. You create a coordinate system by supplying specific values for the parameters of a projection.
* Cartography is the art and science of making maps. In GIS it is the graphic presentation and visual interpretation of data.
Coordinate Systems
Latitude The North-South position of a point The Y-Axis Measured in degrees or decimal degrees above or below the equator. Latitude lines are the horizontal lines on a map Latitude lines increase from 0 degrees at the Equator to 90 degrees at both the North (+90.0 degrees) and South (-90.0 degrees) poles.
Lines of Latitude
(+) 41 12 23
(-) 41 12 23
S
Equator
Coordinate Systems
Longitude Used to describe the East West position of a point The X-Axis It is reported as the number of degrees East (to 180.0 degrees) or west (to +180.0 degrees) of the Prime Meridian (0 degrees) Represented by vertical lines running from North to South. Lines of Longitude are farthest apart at the Equator and intersect at both poles, and are therefore not parallel.
Lines of Longitude
Prime Meridian N
(-) 76 02 14
(+) 76 02 14
Longitude (-) 76 02 14
-76 Degrees 2 Minutes 14 Seconds -76 + (2 Minutes / 60 Minutes) + (14 Seconds / 3600 Seconds) -76.037
Projections
A Projection is a mathematical model that translates the location of features on the Earths surface to locations on a twodimensional surface. All projections have a degree of distortion A map projection can preserve area, distance, shape or direction but only a globe can preserve everything! MapInfo has a wide range of projections for displaying maps, it defaults to Latitude / Longitude.
Projection Example
Examples of Projections
Some well known projections are: Mercator Produce maps suited for navigation Lambert Produce maps suited for visual analysis In MapInfo Latitude/Longitude NAD27 Bahamas, Cape etc.* Latitude/Longitude NAD83* Various other options
What is MapInfo?
MapInfo Professional
Windows based Mapping (thematic) Can handle both Vector & Raster data Data Analysis SQL Query, Geographic Queries Imports/exports to many popular data formats Cartographic Legends Layout (Presentation) Graphing / Charting
Vector
Constructed by joining points with lines. Nodes are the start and end points, vertices are the points where there is a change of direction.
Raster
Pixels are used to represent features. Each pixel covers a set area of the ground, dependant upon resolution. Used mainly for representing areas.
Strategic Planning
o Business case analysis, trending, forecasting
RF Engineering
o Enhance site selection / maximizing demographic coverage
Network Engineering
o Interconnect / backhaul planning
Maintenance / Optimization
o Analysis / Mapping of network problems, complaints
MapInfo Training
Part 1: Basics
Tables: Structure
Tables typically consist of between 3 and 4 files associated by MapInfo Tables can represent either raster data, vector data, or non-geographic data Tables can be in the native MapInfo format (.tab) or external formats opened in MapInfo (mdb, xls, dbf, jpg, gif) It is estimated that up to 85% of the Worlds databases contain some sort of Geographic information (lat/long, post code, etc.)
OR
Tables: Opening
To open a file use the Open Table Dialog;
o Menu (File > Open..)
Default view is automatic, but this can be changed. When you open a file you register it with MapInfo as being open Just because there is no map or browser window open it does not mean that there are no files open!
Tables: Opening
The View Options Are:
o o o o o Automatic (Default) Browser Current Mapper New Mapper No View
Automatic setting is quite intelligent and will be fine for most uses. Double-click a file name to open, or select the name and click the OK button.
Tables: Closing
Closing a window does NOT close a table! Tables remain open until you specifically tell MapInfo to close them This is done in one of two ways, depending on what you are trying to do
Tables: Saving
After editing tables you need to save the table in order to save your changes This is done by using the save dialog
o Menu (File > Save Table)
MapInfo will present a list of tables that have had changes done to them, select the table you wish to save from the list and click OK If no tables have been edited then the Save Table option in the File menu will be greyed out Before closing tables or exiting, MapInfo will warn you if there are any unsaved changes in tables.
MapInfo shows a list of all open tables Select the table you want to make a copy of Enter a location and file name in the dialog Click OK
Tables: Viewing
To view the data in a table MapInfo uses Browser windows Browser windows show the data in a tabular format, much like a spreadsheet program (Excel)
The method of opening varies with each file type The most common types viewed are Excel and ASCII
Tables: Exporting
MapInfo can export its tables to the following formats:
o o o o MapInfo Interchange (.mif) Delimited ASCII (.txt) AutoCAD DXF (.dxf) dBASE DBF (.dbf)
The most common use of export is to text files, these can then be read by virtually any other program
Tables: Deleting
Using this function will delete a table and all its associated files from your hard disk Accessed via:
o Menu (Table > Maintenance > Delete Table)
Can NOT be undone! Select the table to delete from the list that appears
Tables: Renaming
This option allows you to rename an open table It renames the table within MapInfo, and also renames all associated files Accessed via:
o Menu (Table > Maintenance > Rename Table)
Select table to rename from list that appears Give it a new file name in the save dialog Click Save All files are renamed and the tables entry in MapInfo is also renamed
Tables: Packing
When you delete a row from a table you only delete the data in that row You do NOT delete the actual row To delete empty rows from a table you must use the Pack Table function:
o Menu (Table > Maintenance > Pack Table)
Select the table to pack from the list Select the pack method Click OK
If your table is just tabular then use option 1, otherwise use option 3
Maps: Objects
Hidden column in mappable tables called the obj column The obj is a symbolic link to the .map file of your table There are four basic types of map objects:
o Regions: Closed objects covering a given geography
Examples: Countries, Counties, Provinces
* Note: Labels are not permanent additions to tables, they are merely annotations saved in the current session (saved in Workspaces)
Change View
Grabber
In the save dialog that appears choose a location and name to save the table to Click OK The table will be added to MapInfos list of current tables
Layouts: Description
Layout Windows are a page layout feature which allows the user to arrange map, browser, and graph windows along with annotations and prepare for printing
o Layout Windows are the preferred method of printing from MapInfo o Layouts are specific to a paper size and orientation o Layouts use frames to organize map, graph, and browser windows o Layouts are WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get), the only true representation of how your maps will appear when printed o Annotations can be added directly to the Layout Window (Text, Lines, Regions) and are saved in Workspaces o Frames can be added using the Frame Tool on the Main Toolpad o Scale of maps can be precisely indicated using Layout Windows
Sample Layout
Text Annotations
Map Frame
MapInfo Training
Part 2: Advanced
Select the type of thematic map to create Select the table containing the data Select the column with values to use Make adjustments to the legend Click OK!
Thematic Maps: Important Points Appear in Layer Control above tables they are based upon May be visible even if base tables are not Ranges can be set in a variety of ways, including statistically calculated methods Styles & Ranges can be customized and saved to templates which can be applied easily to other tables Thematic layers are saved in workspaces and are not modifications of base tables Thematic maps can be modified
Legends: Description
The legend for the thematic map is displayed in a window Extra components can be added to the legend Click the right mouse button in the legend window and select the Add Frames option Use the wizard to add or remove elements from the legend Double clicking a component in the legend window opens the editing dialog This can be used to alter the appearance of the component (title, style, etc)
Selections: Described
Selections are subsets of table data created by the user
o Selections can be created manually either through map windows or browser windows o Selections can be created automatically through query capabilities of MapInfo o Selections are temporary tables created by MapInfo and can be saved to permanent tables o Selections are also known as Queries, and are represented in MapInfo as temporary tables named QueryN, where N represents an integer
Selections: Using
Selections can be :
o o o o o o Added to maps as new layers Viewed in browser windows Used to edit subsets of tables Appended to other tables View / Analyze subsets of data Make further selections
Queries: Expressions
Expressions are logical statements which ask the questions to MapInfo If you wanted to know which Zip Codes had a population > 50,000 your expression might be:
o POP_90 > 50000
Expression are typed directly into the Select Dialog, the expression assistant can help in forming the expressions Expression can be complex containing logical operators (such as OR, AND, NOT) and mathematical operators (such as + / = *) MapInfos query language is SQL
Any time MapInfo performs an operation the relevant MapBasic command is printed in the window Commands can be typed into the window The window is handy for controlling elements of MapInfo, such as selections Example command:
o Select * From table Where condition Into new table
Miscellaneous: Workspaces
Workspaces are a feature in MapInfo that enable you to save your current work session. By saving a workspace, you will keep track of:
o o o o o o o Tables you currently have open Views are open for tables (Map, Browser, Graph) Thematic Layers Queries Legend Windows Labels Style Settings for all map windows
Miscellaneous: Workspaces
When opening a workspace, you will be recreating your saved work session
o Tables will automatically be opened o Views will be created, including Layout Windows o Global Styles and Thematic Styles will be applied
Save and Open workspaces from the file menu Saving workspaces will not save current edits to tables, editing or renaming tables may invalidate saved workspaces Workspace files are simply text files containing a series of MapBasic commands which tell MapInfo what to do