Giai He Phuong Trinh Trong Ky Thi Dai Hoc 6702

1
PHNG PHP GII H PHNG TRNH TRONG

K THI TUYN SINH I HC
BIN SON: GV NGUYN TRUNG KIN 0988844088
Phn mt: Cc dng h c bn
I . H phng trnh i xng.
1.Phng trnh i xng loi 1.
a)nh ngha
Mt h phng trnh n x, y c gi l h phng trnh i xng loi 1 nu mi
phng trnh ta i vai tr ca x, y cho nhau th phng trnh khng i
b) Tnh cht
Nu ( )
0 0
, y x l mt nghim th h ( )
0 0
, x y cng l nghim

c) cch gii
=
+ =
y x P
y x S
.
iu kin P S 4
2

Ta bin i a h cho (1) v h 2 n S, P (2) (x;y) l nghim ca (1) khi v ch khi
(S,P) l 1 nghimc ca (2) thoi mn iu kin: 0 4
2
P S vi mi (S;P) tm c ta c
(x;y) l nghim ca phng trnh: 0
2
= + P SX X .
Gi s phng trnh c 2 nghim l X
1
, X
2
.
+ Nu 0 > th
2 1
X X nn h (1) c 2 nghim phn bit ( )
2 1
; X X ; ( )
1 2
; X X
+ Nu 0 = th
2 1
X X = nn h c nghim duy nht ( )
2 1
; X X .
+ H c t nht mt nghim tho mn 0 x khi v ch khi h (2) c t nht 1
nghim (S;P) tho mn.

=
0
0
0 4
2
P
S
P S

VD 1: Gii h phng trnh

= + +
= + +
5
7
2 2
xy y x
xy y x
H c nghim l (1;2), (2;1)
VD2: nh m h sau c nghim

= +
= + +
m y x
m xy y x
2 2
S: 8 0 m
2) H phng trnh i xng loi 2.
-Mt h phng trnh 2 n x, y c gi l i xng loi 2 nu trong h phng trnh ta
i vai tr x, y cho nhau th phng trnh tr thnh phng trnh kia.
VD:
= +
= +
x x y y
y y x x
10
10
2 3
2 3

b) Tnh cht.
- Nu ( )
0 0
; y x l 1 nghim ca h th ( )
0 0
; x y cng l nghim
c) Cch gii
2
- Tr v vi v hai phng trnh ca h ta c mt phng trnh c dng
( ) ( ) [ ] 0 ; = y x f y x

( )
=
=
0 ;
0
y x f
y x

V d : Gii h phng trnh sau:
3 2 2
3 2 2
3 2
3 2
x x y
y y x
= +
= +

HD: Tr hai phng trnh ca h ta thu c
3 3 2 2 2 2
3( ) ( ) ( )[3( ) ] 0 x y x y x y x y xy x y = + + + + =
H cho tng ng vi
3 2 2
2 2
3 2 2
0
( )
3 2
3( ) 0
( )
3 2
x y
I
y y x
x y xy x y
II
y y x
=
= +

+ + + + =
= +

Gii (I) ta c x=y=0 hoc x=y=1
Xt (II) T gi thit ta suy ra x, y khng m . Nu x, y dng th h v nghim suy ta h
c nghim duy nht
x=y=0
Kt lun: H c 2 nghim x=y=0 v x=y=1

3) H phng trnh v tri ng cp bc II
a) Cc dng c bn.
.
2 2
2 2
1 1 1 1
ax bxy cy d
a x b xy c y d
+ + =
+ + =

b) Cch gii.
+ Xt trng hp y=0 xem c phi l nghim hay khng
+ t x=ty thay vo h ri chia 2 phng trnh ca h cho nhau ta c phng trnh bc
2 theo t. Gii phng trnh tm t sau th vao mt trong hai phng trnh ca h tm
x,y
Phng php ny cng ng khi v tri l phng trnh ng cp bc n.
V d: Gii h
2 2
2 2
3 1
2 2 1
x xy y
x xy y
+ =
+ =

+ D thy y=0 khng phi l nghim
+ t x=ty th vo h ta c
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
3 1
2 2 1
t y ty y
t y ty y
+ =
+ =
chia 2 phng trnh ca h cho nhau ta

c
2
2
2
1
3 1
1 2 1 0
1 1
2 2
2 2
t x y
t t
t t
t t t x y
= =
+

= =

+ = =

t th hai trng hp vo
mt trong hai phng trnh ca h gii.

3

PHN HAI: MT S PHNG PHP KHC THNG DNG
TRONG GII H

I) PHNG PHP BIN I TNG NG
Phng php ny ch yu l dng cc k nng bin i phng trnh cu h da v
phng trnh n gin c th rt x theo y hoc ngc li th vo phng trnh khc
ca h
Ta xt v d sau:
Loi 1) Trong h c mt phng trnh bc nht theo n x hoc n y. Khi ta rt x
theo y hoc y theo x th vo phng trnh cn li
V d 1) Gii gh phng trnh
2 2
2
( 1)( 1) 3 4 1(1)
1 (2)
x y x y x x
xy y x
+ + + = +
+ + =

HD: Ta thy x=0 khng phi l nghim ca phng trnh (2) t phng trnh (2) ta c
2
1
1
x
y
x
+ = thay vo phng trnh (1) ta c

( )( ) ( )( )
2 2
2 2 3 2
1 1
3 4 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 1
x x
x x x x x x x x x x
x x
| || |
+ = + + =
| |
\ \

( ) ( )
3 2
1 2 2 4 0 x x x x + =
V d 2) Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
2 5
3 4
x y xy x y xy
x y xy x y xy
+ + + =
+ + =

Gii: Ta c x=y=0 l nghim.
Cc cp s (x,y) vi x=0, y 0 hoc x 0, y=0 khng l nghim.
Xt xy 0. chia 2 v phng trnh cho xy 0 ta c
1 1
2 5
1 1
3 4
x y
x y
x y
x y
+ + + =
+ + =

Suy ra
1 1
5 2 4 3 2 1 x y y x x y
x y
= + = + =
Thay x=2y-1 vo phng trnh th hai ta thu c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 1 2 1 5 3 4 2 1 3 1 10 11 3 8 4 y y y y y y y y y y y y y + + = + + =
( )( )
3 2 2
10 19 10 1 0 1 10 9 1
9 41 9 41
1; ;
20 20
y y y y y y
y y y
+ = +
+
= = =

4
p s:
( ) 1; 1
9 41 41 1
;
20 10
9 41 41 1
;
20 10
y x
y x
y x
= =
| |
+
= =
|
|
\
| |
+
= =
|
|
\

Loi 2) Mt phng trnh ca h c th a v dng tch ca 2 phng trnh bc nht
hai n. Khi ta a v gii 2 h phng trnh tng ng
V d 1) Gii h phng trnh sau
2 2
2 (1)
2 1 2 2 (2)
xy x y x y
x y y x x y
+ + =

iu kin l 0; 1 y x
Phng trnh (1) (x+y)(x-2y-1)=0 t ta c
2 1
x y
x y
=
= +
thay ln lt hai trng hp

vo phng trnh (2) gii
V d 2)Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
1 (1)
1(2)
x y x y x y
x y
+ + = +
+ =

Gii: iu kin 0 x y

( )
(1) ( 1) 1 0 x y x y + =
H cho tng ng vi:
1
1
1
1
x y
x y
x y
x y
+ =
+ =

+ =

gii
1
1
0 1
x y
x
y x y
+ = =

= + =

v
0
1
x
y
=

gii
1
1
0 1
x y
x
y x y
= =

= + =

p s: x=1,y=0 v x=0, y=1.
3
3 (1)
3(2)
y
x y x
x
x y x x

+ + + =
+ + = +

Gii: iu kin 0, 3 x y >
Ta c:
3 3
(1)
3
y y
x x y x

=
+ +

Vi y=3 ta c 2 3 0 3 x x + = = (loi)
5
Vi 3 y ta c
3
3
x y x x
x y x x
+ + =
+ + = +

Suy ra 3 3 x x x y x x + = + = + +
Suy ra 3 3 1 x x x + + = = thay vo (2) ta c: 1 3 8 y y + = =
p s:
1
8
x
y
=

Ch : Trong mt s bi ton nhiu khi cc em cn cng hoc tr 2 phng trnh
ca h sau mi xut hin phng trnh dng tch
V d 4) Gii h phng trnh :
( )
4 4 2 2
2 2
6 41
10
x y x y
xy x y
+ + =
+ =

Gii: S dng hng ng thc: ( ) ( )
4
4 4 2 2 2 2
4 6 x y x y xy x y x y + = + + + +
HD: H cho tng ng vi
( )
4 4 2 2
2 2
6 41
4 40
x y x y
xy x y
+ + =
+ =

cng v vi v 2 phng trnh ta thu c:
( ) ( )
4
4 4 2 2 2 2
4 6 81 81 3 x y xy x y x y x y x y + + + + = + = + =
h cho tng ng vi
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
3
10
3
10
x y
xy x y
x y
xy x y
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =

a) Xt
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
3
3
3
10 2 10 9 2 10
x y
x y
x y
xy x y xy x y xy xy xy
+ = + = + =

(
+ = = =

b) Xt
( ) ( )
2 2
3
3
10 9 2 10
x y
x y
xy x y xy xy
+ = + =

+ = =

Loi 3) Mt phng trnh ca h l phng trnh bc 2 theo mt n chng hn x l
n. Khi ta coi y nh l tham s gii x theo y.
2
2 2
(5 4)(4 )
5 4 16 8 16 0
y x x
x y xy x y
= +
+ + + =

( )
( )
1
2

HD: Coi phng trnh (2) l phng trnh theo n y ta c (2) y
2
4(x+2)y-
5x
2
+16x+16=0
6
Gii y theo x ta c
5 4
4
y x
y x
= +
thay ln lt hai trng hp vo phng trnh ta s gii

c cc nghim ca h
V d 2) Gii h phng trnh sau:
2
2
2 2 5
5 7
x xy y
y xy x
+ + =
+ + =

Tr hai phng trnh ca h cho nhau ta c
2 2
2 5 2 0 x y xy y x + + + =
2 2 2 2 2
1
2 ( 5) 2 0; ( 5) 8( 2) (3 3)
2
2
y
x
x y x y y y y y y
x y
+
=
+ + + = = + + =

Thay ln lt 2 trng hp vo h ta gii c x, y
II) PHNG PHP T N PH
im mu cht ca phng php ny l phi pht hin n ph u=f(x,y) v v=g(x,y)
ngay trong tng phng trnh ca h hoc sau cc php bin i
Thng thng cc php bin i thng xoay quanh vic cng, tr 2 phng trnh
ca h hoc chia cc v phng trnh cho mt s hng khc khng c sn trong cc
phng trnh ca h tm ra nhng phn chung m sau ta t thnh n ph

( ) ( )
2
2
1 ( ) 4
1 2
x y y x y
x y x y
+ + + =
+ + =

(1)
(2)

HD: Ta thy y=0 khng phi l nghim ca h. Chia hai v phng trnh (1) v (2) cho y
ta c h tng ng sau
2
2
1
4
1
( )( 2) 1
x
x y
y
x
x y
y
+
+ + =
+ =
t u=
2
1 x
y
+
; v=x+y-2 ta c h sau
2
1
u v
uv
+ =
Gii h tm u,v
sau tm x, y.
( )
2 2
2
3
4 4( ) 7
1
2 3
xy x y
x y
x
x y
+ + + =
+ =
iu kin x+y 0
Khi ta c h sau
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2
3
3 7
1
3
x y x y
x y
x y x y
x y
+ + + =
+ + + =
t
1
; u x y v x y
x y
= + + =
+

Vi 2 u
Thay vo ta c
2 2
3 13
3
u v
u v
+ =
+ =
Gii h tm u;v sau thay vo tm x; y

7
3 2 2 2
3 2 2
3 3 2 1 0
2 3 3 0
x y x x y x y
y xy y x
+ + + + + =
+ + =

Gii: H phng trnh tng ng vi
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3
2
2 3
1 1 2
1 2 3 1
x x y y
x y y x
+ + + =
+ + = +

t u=x+1
Ta c h mi
3 2
2 3
2
2 3
u uy y
uy y u
+ =
+ =

D thy u=y=0 l mt nghim
Xt y 0 t u=ty th vo h sau chia hai v phng trnh cho nhau ta c phng
trnh mt n t.
( y l mt bin th ca h phng trnh ng bc)
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 18
1 208
x y xy xy
x y x y x y
+ + =
+ + =

Gii: Ta c x=y=0 lnghim. Xt 0 xy . H phng trnh tng ng vi
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
1
1 18
1
1 208
x y
xy
x y
x y
| |
+ + =
|
\
| |
+ + =
|
\
. t
1 1
, u x v y
x y
= + = + ta c
2 2
18
208
u v
u v
+ =
+ =

V d 5)Gii h phng trnh
( )
1
1 5
1
4
x y
xy
xy
xy
| |
+ + =
|
+ =

Gii:
iu kin 0 xy . t
1 1
, u x v y
y x
= + = + ta c h
5
6
u v
uv
+ =

V d 6) Gii h phng trnh :
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2 2
15
85
x y
x y
y x
x y
x y
y x
| |
+ + =
|
\
| |
+ + =
|
\

Gii: t ,
x y
u v x y
y x
= + = + .Ta c:
( )
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2
x y
u
y x
x y x y xy v xy
+ =
+ = + =

8
2 2
2 2
.
x y
u u xy x y
xy
+
= = +
Suy ra
2
2
. 2
2
v
u xy v xy xy
u
= =
+

Suy ra
2 2
2 2 2
2 15
2 2 2
v uv v
x y v
u u u
+ = = =
+ + +
( v uv=15)
Ta c h
( )
2
15
15
2 85
2
uv
v
u
u
=
| |
=
|
+
\

V d 7) Gii h:
2
2
2 4
1 1
3
x y y x xy
x
x xy y
+ + =
+ + =

Gii: iu kin 0 xy .
h phng trnh tng ng vi
1 1 1
4
1 1 1
4
x
x x y
x
x x y
+ + + =
| |
| |
+ + =
| |
\
\
.
t
1 1 1
, u x v
x x y
= + = + ta c:
4 2
4 2
u v u
uv v
+ = =

= =

H phng trnh tng ng vi ( )
1
2
1, 1
1 1
2
x
x
x y
x y
+ =
= =
+ =

III) PHNG PHP HM S
Loi 1) Mt phng trnh ca h c dng f(x)=f(y). Mt phng trnh cho ta bit tp
gi tr ca x hoc y. T suy ra hm f(x) n iu suy ra x=y
3 3
8 4
5 5
1
x x y y
x y
=
+ =

( )
( )
1
2

T phng trnh (2) ta suy ra , 1 x y Xt phng trnh
3
( ) 5 f x x x = vi
[ ] [ ]
2
1;1 ; '( ) 3 5 0 1;1 x f x x x = < nn f(x) l hm nghch bin suy ra x=y thay vo
phng trnh (2) ta d dng gii c nghim
Loi 2) H i xng m sau khi bin i thng a v dng f(x)=f(y) hoc f(x)=0
trong f l hm n iu
2 1
2 1
2 2 3 1
2 2 3 1
y
x
x x x
y y y
+ + = +
+ + = +

9
HD: t x-1=u; y-1=v ta c h
2
2
1 3
1 3
v
u
u u
v v
+ + =
+ + =

Tr theo v hai phng trnh trn ta c

2 2
1 3 1 3
u v
u u v v + + + = + + + Xt hm s
2
2
( ) 1 3 ; '( ) 1 3 ln3 0
1
x x
x
f x x x f x x
x
= + + + = + + >
+
u v = . Thay vo (1) ta c
( )
2 2
1 3 ln 1 ln3
u
u u u u u + + = + + = ;
2
( ) ln( 1) ln3 f u u u u = + + ta c
2
2 2
1
1
1
'( ) ln3 ln3 0
1 1
u
u
f u u
u u u
+
+
= = <
+ + +
( ) f u l hm s nghch bin. Ta c
khi u=0 th f(0)=0 nn u=v=0 l nghim duy nht x=y=1 l nghim duy nht ca h
ban u
( )
3 2 3
2
3 2 3 2
2 1
log log 2011
1 2
y x
x x y y
x y
x
y x
+ =
| | | |
+ =
| |

\
\

Gii: t y=u-1 thay vo phng trnh (1) ca h ta c
3 2 3 2
3 3 x x u u = . Ta thy bi
ton xc nh khi
0 1
0 2
2
1
y
x
x
y
< <

< <
>
>

Trong c hai trng hp ta thy hm s
3 2
( ) 3 '( ) 3 ( 2) f x x x f x x x = =
lun n iu nn
Ta c 1 x u x y = = + thay vo phng trnh (2) ca h ta c x=2011 l nghim.
Ch : Trong bi tp ny ta cng c th bin i trc tip phng trnh u ca h v
dng
( )
3
3 2 2
3 1 3( 1) x x y y = + +
( )
2
2 2
4 1 ( 3) 5 2 0
4 2 3 4 7
x x y y
x y x
+ + =
+ + =

HD: t
2
5
5 2
2
t
y t y

= = thay vo phng trnh (1) ca h ta c
2
3 3 3
5
4 (3 ) 8 2
2
t
x x t x x t t
+ = + = + Xt
3 2
( ) '( ) 3 1 f x x x f x x = + = + suy ra hm
s ( ) f x lun ng bin t suy ra
2
5 4
2 5 2 2
2
x
t x y x y

= = = th vo
phng trnh (2) ca h ta c
10
2
2
2
5 4
( ) 4 2 3 4 7 0
2
x
g x x x
| |
= + + =
|
\
vi
3
0;
4
x
(
(

.
D thy x=0 hoc x=3/4 u khng phi l nghim
2 2
5 4 4
'( ) 8 8 2 4 (4 3) 0
2 3 4 3 4
g x x x x x x
x x
| |
= = <
|
\
vi
3
0;
4
x
| |
|
\
Ta c
1 1
( ) 0 ; 2
2 2
g x y = = = l nghim duy nht ca h.

IV) PHNG PHP NH GI
Vi phng php ny hc sinh cn quan st nm chc cc biu thc khng m trong
h, qua vn dng cc bt ng thc nh gi
V d 1) Gii h phng trnh
2
3 2
2
2
3
2
2 9
2
2 9
xy
x x y
x x
xy
y y x
y y
+ = +
+ = +

HD:Cng 2 v ca hai phng trnh vi nhau ta c
2 2
3 2 2
3
2 2
2 9 2 9
xy xy
x y
x x y y
+ = +
+ +
Ta c x=y=0 l mt nghim ca h
C
3 2 2 2 2
3
2 9 ( 1) 8 2 2 ; 2 2 x x x VT xy x y xy VP xy + = + + . Du bng xy
ra khi v ch khi x=y=1
Kt lun: H c 2 ngim x=y=0 v x=y=1
3
3
3 4
2 6 2
y x x
x y y
= + +

H cho tng ng vi
( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2 ( 1) ( 2)
2 2 1 ( 2)
y x x
x y y
= +
= +

( ) 1
(2)

Nu y > 2 t (1) suy ra x<2. Nhng iu ny l v l v (2) v nghim
Lp lun tng t cho trng hp y<2
Kt lun x=y=2 l nghim duy nht ca h phng trnh.
2 4 7
2 4 7
(1 )(1 )(1 ) 1
(1 )(1 )(1 ) 1
x x x y
y y y x
+ + + = +
+ + + = +

HD: D thy x=y=0 hoc x=y=-1 l nghim
Xt x>0 ta c
2 4 2 3 4 5 6 7 7
2 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 7
(1 )(1 )(1 ) 1 1
1 1 1
x x x x x x x x x x x
y x
y y y y y y y x x x x x x y y x y
+ + + = + + + + + + + > +
>
+ + + + + + + > + + + + + + + > + >

Vy h v nghim. Tng t khi y>0 h cng v nghim
Xt x<-1
7
1 0 1 0 1 x y y + < + < <
11
Ta c
2 3 4 5 6 7 7
1 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 x x x x x x x x y x + + + + + + + > + > . Tng t khi y<-1 ta c
x>y . Vy h v nghim
Xt trng hp -1<x<0 chng minh tng t ta c h v nghim.
Kt lun: x=y=0 hoc x=y=-1
V) GII H BNG CCH A V PHNG TRNH CNG BC
C s ca pp ny l khi 2 phng trnh ca h c th a v dng phng trnh
cng bc so ci x,y th ta t x=ty sau a v phng trnh mt n s v gii nh
bnh thng
V d1) Gii h phng trnh sau
2 2
2 2
2 3 3
2 2
x y x xy y
x y x y
+ = + +
+ = +

HD: R rng ban u h khng thuc dng c bit no c nhng quan st k Hs s thy
im mu cht ca bi ton nm vn sau
Ta thy x=y=0 l mt nghim ca h
Xt trng hp , 0 x y h cho tng ng vi

2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2
(2x+3y)(x +2y )=(x+2y)(x +3xy+y ) x 4 3 2 0 y xy x y + =
t x=ty th vo phng trnh ta c
3 2 2
1
1 17
2 3 4 0 ( 1)( ` 4) 0
2
1 17
2
t
t t t t t t t
t
+ = = =

T ta gii h theo 3 trng hp ca t. Sau khi gii xong ch vic th nghim
chn nghim chnh xc

2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 1
x y x x
x y x y xy
+ + =
+ =

HD: Ta thy h tng ng vi
2 2
2
2( ) ( 1) 3
2 ( 1) 1
xy x
xy x xy
+ + =
+ =
t xy=u;x+1=v Ta c h
ng bc
2 2
2
2 3
2 1
u v
uv u
+ =

Trong mt s bi tp vic a v h ng bc nhiu khi i hi nhng k tht tng i
kh nhng sau ta thng thu c cch gii h kh hay. Ta xt v d sau:
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 0
x y xy y x
x y y
+ + + + =

HD:t x=u+a,y=y+b thay vo phng trnh u ca h ta c
12
( ) ( )
2 2
( )( ) 2( ) 0 u a v b u a v b v b u a + + + + + + + + + + = h phng trnh ng bc th
iu kin cn l trong phng trnh khng c s hng bc nht.
Suy ra
2 1 0 0
2 2 0 1
a b a
b a b
+ + = =

+ + = =

t y=u-1 ta c h sau:
2 2
2 2
3
2 1
x u xu
x u
+ + =

MT S BI TP GII H PHNG TRNH
Bin son: NGUYN TRUNG KIN 0988844088
1)
( )
= + + +
= + + + +
4
5
2 1
4
5
2 4
2 3 2
x xy y x
xy xy y x y x
2)
+ = +
+ = + +
6 6 2
9 2 2
2
2 2 3 4
x xy x
x y x y x x

3)
=
= + +
y x x y y x
y x y x xy
2 2 1 2
2
2 2
4)
( ) ( )
= + +
= + +
2 1 1
4
2 2
y y y x x
y x y x

5)
= + +
= + +
21
7
2 2 4 4
2 2
y x y x
xy y x
6)
= +
= +
2 2
3 3 3
6
19 1
x xy y
x y x

7)
( )
( )
=
|
|
\
|
+ +
=
|
|
\
|
+ +
49
1
1
5
1
1
2 2
2 2
y x
y x
xy
y x
8)
= + +
= + +
0 1 2 2 2
7 4 3
2
2
y x y xy
y x y xy

9)
= + +
= +
4
2
2 2 2 2
y x y x
y x y x
10)
= +
= + +
12 8
0 12 2
2 2
2 3
x y
y xy x

11)
( )
= + + + +
=
+

+

+
52 4
4
17
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
xy x y x x
y x x
y x x
y x x
y x x
12)
= + + + + +
= + + + + +
0 10 12 12 4
0 1 2 5 2
2 2
2 2
y x xy y x
y x y xy x

13)
= + + +
= + +
11 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
y x y x
y x y x
14)
2 2
2( )
3
x y xy
x y

15)
2 2
2
2
1
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =
16)
2 2
2 2
48
24
y x y
x y x y
+ + =

17)
2 2
2 3 4 6
4 4 12 3
xy x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ + + =
18)
2
2
2
2 2 0
y
x y
x
xy y x
+ =
+ =

13
19)
2 2
2
3
2 7 5 9
x y xy
x xy x y
+ + =
+ = +
20)
2
2 3 6
3 5
x y x y
xy x y
+ + =
+ + =

21)
2 2
2
3
5 4 9
x y xy
y xy x y
+ + =
+ + =
22)
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 1
x y x x
x y x y xy
+ + =
+ =

23)
2 2
2
2 2 1 2
2 2 1 6
x y x y
y x y xy
+ = + +
+ + + =
24)
2 2 4 2
2
1 3
2
x y y y
xy x y
+ + =
+ =

25)
2
2 6 2 0
2 3 2
y x y y x y
x x y x y
+ + =
+ =
26)
2
5 3
x y x y y
x y
+ + =
+ =

27)
2 0
1 2 1 1
x y xy
x y
28)
2
2 2
1
2 2
2 2
x x
y
y y x y
+ =

29)
2
2 2 2
2
2
1
3
x y y
x x y
x
+ =
+ + =
30)
3 2 2 2
3 2 2
3 3 2 1 0
2 3 3 0
x y x x y x y
y xy y x
+ + + + + =
+ + =

31)
3
3 (1)
3(2)
y
x y x
x
x y x x

+ + + =
+ + = +
32)
2 2
1 (1)
1(2)
x y x y x y
x y
+ + = +
+ =

33)
( )
2 2
2
3
4 4( ) 7
1
2 3
xy x y
x y
x
x y
+ + + =
+ =
34)
2
2
2 4
1 1
3
x y y x xy
x
x xy y
+ + =
+ + =

35)
2 1
2 1
2 2 3 1
2 2 3 1
y
x
x x x
y y y
+ + = +
+ + = +
36 )
2
3 2
2
2
3
2
2 9
2
2 9
xy
x x y
x x
xy
y y x
y y
+ = +
+ = +

37)
( )
( )
2 5
3 4
x y xy x y xy
x y xy x y xy
+ + + =
+ + =
38)
( )
4 4 2 2
2 2
6 41
10
x y x y
xy x y
+ + =
+ =

39)
2 3 4 6
2
( 2) 1 ( 1)
x y y x x
x y x
+ = +
+ + = +
40)
3 3
2 2
4 16
1 5( 1)
x y y x
y x
+ = +
+ = +

41)
2 2
2 2
1 4
( ) 2( 1) 7
x y xy y
y x y x y
+ + + =
+ = + +
42)
2 2 2 2
2 2
1 2
1
x y x y xy
x x y xy y xy
+ + = +
+ + = + +

14
43)
( )
2
2 2
4 ( 3) 5 2 0
4 2 3 4 7
x x x y y
x y x
+ + =
+ + =
44)
( )
3 2 3
3
3 3 2
2 1
log log 3
1 2
y x
x x y y
x y
x
y x
=
| | | |
+ =
| |

\
\

45)
2 2
sin
sin
, 0;
4
3 8 3 1 6 2 2 1 8
x y
x
e
y
x y
x y y y
=
| |
|
\
+ + = + +

46)
( )
( )
2 1 2 2 1
3 2
1 4 5 1 2
4 1 ln 2 0
x y x y x y
y x y x
+ +
+ = +
+ + + + =
47)
2
2
1
2 2 2
3
2 2
2
( 2 ) 2 1 4 0
x
y
x
xy
x y x x y x
+ + =

48)
2
2
2
1
8
1
2
( )
2 4 3(2 )
3 7
2
2 2
y
x
x y
y x
x y
+
+
+
+ + =
49)
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2 2
x y xy y x
x y y
+ + + + =
= + +

50)
2 2
2
2 2 8 6 0
4 1 0
x y x y
x xy y x
+ + + + =
+ + + + =
51)
2 2
3 3
3
2 2
x xy y
x y y x
+ + =
+ = +

52)
2 2
3 3 2 2 2
2 3
2( ) 6 5 3( )
x y x
x y x x y
+ + =
+ + = + +
53)
2 2
5 5
3 3
3
31
7
x y xy
x y
x y
+ + =
+
=

54)
2 2
4 4 2 2
5
6 20 81
x y
x y x y xy
+ =
+ + + =
55)
2
3
2
8 9 12 6 1
2( ) 10 6 12 2
x x xy x
x y x y y x
+ +
+ + = +

56)
2 2
3
2
(4 1) 4 (8 1)
40 14 1
y x x x
x x y x
+ = +
+ =
57)
( )
6 3 2 2 2
2
3 3 2
2
1
4 2 1 2
2
y y x xy x y
xy y x x y
+ + =
+ + + +

58)
1
3 1 2
1
7 1 4 2
x
x y
y
x y
| |
+ =
|
+
\
| |
=
|
+
\

Trong bi vit c s dng mt s t liu trch t bi vit ca thy Nguyn Minh
Nhin, thy Nguyn Tt Thu.Ti xin chn thnh cm n cc thy.

Giai He Phuong Trinh Trong Ky Thi Dai Hoc 6702

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Giai He Phuong Trinh Trong Ky Thi Dai Hoc 6702

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Copyright:

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1

PHNG PHP GII H PHNG TRNH TRONG

chia 2 phng trnh ca h cho nhau ta

+ = thay vo phng trnh (1) ta c

thay ln lt hai trng hp

thay ln lt hai trng hp vo phng trnh ta s gii

Gii h tm u;v sau thay vo tm x; y

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