Princes Katherine C.

Vergara- LLB 1 Matrix on Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

UNIVERSAL DECLARATION ON HUMAN RIGHTS Article 29.

OTHER INTERNATIONAL LAWS

1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

DOMESTIC LAW

JURISPRUDENCE

LOCAL ORDINANCE The Philippines does not have compulsory military service, however military training is a compulsory part of the high school curriculum and is optional for the college curriculum. As the training lasts for only a few hours a week and is embedded in the school curriculum, students do not have to live away from their homes during the year they receive the training. Filipino citizens who refuse to undergo such training in their senior year of high school (known as Citizen's Advancement Tranining or CAT) are not eligible for graduation. Prior to 2003, CAT was oriented towards purely military skills but

(1) Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. (2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic

The International Council on Human Rights Policy Taking Duties Seriously: Individual Duties in International Human Rights Law The main purpose of international human rights standards is to protect the individual, usually against the arbitrary exercise of State power. It does not follow from this, however, that human rights standards attach absolute importance to individual preferences or give no consideration to the legitimate needs of society. We will see that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the two International Covenants on human rights, and other key human rights documents attach considerable importance to individual duties and that their authors were very conscious of the relationship between human rights and individual duties.

Article II, Section 4. Declaration of Principles and State Policies Commonwealth Act No. 1 THE NATIONAL DEFENSE ACT G.R. No. L-45892 July 13, 1938 THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES plaintiff-appellee,

The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the An Act to people. The provide for the Government may National Defense call upon the people of the Philippines, to defend the State penalizing certain and, in the violations thereof, fulfillment thereof, appropriating all citizens may be funds therefore, required, under and for other conditions provided purposes. by law, to render personal, military or civil service.

vs.

TRANQUILINO LAGMAN defendant-appellant.

Princes Katherine C. Vergara- LLB 1 Matrix on Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

society. (3) These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Before we examine these documents more closely, however, we should explain what we mean by individual duties. An individual duty can be understood in different ways. A duty can be a legal obligation to pay taxes, or to perform military service. A duty can also be an ethical obligation, for example a duty to tell the truth, or to be faithful to ones spouse. These ethical obligations are moral rules that individuals feel bound to follow because obeying them is good and not obeying them is bad. Morality will vary between different individuals, and between different societies, though there is much common ground about basic ethical obligations. For example, most individuals and most social codes are in agreement in saying that it is good to be truthful, good to do what you can to help others, and good to treat others as you would like to be treated.

today, non-military aspects have been added to the training programme. In college, military training (known as Reserved Officers' Training Corps or ROTC) is now one of the options for the compulsory National Service Training Programme (NSTP), the other two being Citizen Welfare Training Service (CWTS) and Literacy Training Service (LTS). ROTC was compulsory until 2001 when controversies surrounding officer misconduct prompted it to be reformed. Students are required to complete 6 units of NSTP to be eligible for graduation which is reduced from 12 units when ROTC was the sole option (6 units per year).

Princes Katherine C. Vergara- LLB 1 Matrix on Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

REFERENCES: Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1987 Philippine Constitution (Article II, Section IV) Commonwealth Act No 1 otherwise known as The National Defense Act.
http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/ ( March 3, 2012) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_service#Philippines ( March 3, 2012)