COORDINATE GEOMETRY

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Mathematics
Revision Exercise

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

CHAPTER 1 COORDINATE GEOMETRY OF STRAIGHT LINES
1. The polar coordinates of a point P are ) 00 3 , 8 ( . Find the rectangular coordinates of P.
(3 marks)

2. [2009-CE-MATH 1]
In a polar coordinate system, O is the pole. The polar coordinates of the points P and Q are
) 23 1 , ( k and ) 213 , 24 ( respectively, where k is a positive constant. It is given that
25 = PQ .
(a) Is OPQ a right-angled triangle? Explain your answer.
(b) Find the perimeter of OPQ.
(5 marks)

3. [2006-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 3, the coordinates of the points A and B are ) 7 , 2 ( and ) 5 , 5 ( respectively. A is
rotated anticlockwise about the origin O through 90 to A. B is the reflection image of B with
respect to the x-axis.
(a) Write down the coordinates of A and B.
(b) Are the lengths of AB and AB equal? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)

4. [2009-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 4, the coordinates of the points A and B are ) 2 , 1 ( and ) 2 , 5 ( respectively. A is
translated vertically upward by 6 units to A. B is the reflection image of B with respect to the
y-axis.
(a) Write down the coordinates of A and B.
(b) Is AB parallel to AB? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)


COORDINATE GEOMETRY
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CHAPTER 2 EQUATIONS OF STRAIGHT LINES AND CIRCLES
5. [2002-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 5, the straight line L: 0 8 2 = + y x cuts the coordinate axes at A and B.
(a) Find the coordinates of A and B.
(b) Find the coordinates of the mid-point of AB.
(4 marks)

6. [2000-CE-MATH 1]
Let L be the straight line passing through ) 4 , 4 ( and ) 0 , 6 ( .
(a) Find the slope of L.
(b) Find the equation of L.
(c) If L intersects the y-axis at C, find the coordinates of C.
(4 marks)

7. [2008-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 7, the coordinates of the point A are ) 3 , 4 ( . A is rotated anticlockwise about the origin
O through 90 to B. C is the reflection image of A with respect to the x-axis.
(a) Write down the coordinates of B and C. (2 marks)
(b) Are O, B and C collinear? Explain your answer. (3 marks)
(c) A is translated horizontally to D such that = Z 90 BCD . Find the equation of the straight
line passing through C and D. Hence, or otherwise, find the coordinates of D. (4 marks)

8. [2006-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 8, CM is the perpendicular bisector of AB, where C and M are points lying on the
x-axis and AB respectively. BD and CM intersect at K.
(a) Write down the coordinates of M. (1 mark)
(b) Find the equation of CM. Hence, or otherwise, find the coordinates of C. (3 marks)
(c) (i) Find the equation of BD.
(ii) Using the result of (c) (i), find the coordinates of K. Hence find the ratio of the area of
AMC to the area of AKC.
(5 marks)


COORDINATE GEOMETRY
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9. [2004-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 9, ABCD is a rhombus. The diagonals AC and BD cut at E.
(a) Find (4 marks)
(i) the coordinates of E,
(ii) the equation of BD.
(b) It is given that the equation of AD is 0 65 7 = + y x . Find (5 marks)
(i) the equation of BC,
(ii) the length of AB.

10. * [2006-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 10, G and H are the circumcentre and the orthocentre of ABC respectively. AH
produced meets BC at O. The perpendicular from G to BC meets BC at R. BS is a diameter of
the circle which passes through A, B and C.
(a) Prove that
(i) AHCS is a parallelogram,
(ii) GR AH 2 = .
(5 marks)
(b) A rectangular coordinate system, with O as the origin, is introduced in Figure 10 so that the
coordinates of A, B and C are ) 12 , 0 ( , ) 0 , 6 ( and ) 0 , 4 ( respectively.
(i) Find the equation of the circle which passes through A, B and C.
(ii) Find the coordinates of H.
(iii) Are B, O, H and G concyclic? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)

11. * [2004-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 11, BC is a tangent to the circle OAB with OA BC // . OA is produced to D such that
OB AD = . BD cuts the circle at E.
(a) Prove that BOE ADE A ~ A . (3 marks)
(b) Prove that BOE BEO Z = Z 2 . (3 marks)
(c) Suppose OE is a diameter of the circle OAEB.
(i) Find BOE Z .
(ii) A rectangular coordinate system is introduced in Figure 11 so that the coordinates of
O and B are ) 0 , 0 ( and ) 0 , 6 ( respectively. Find the equation of the circle OAEB.
(5 marks)


COORDINATE GEOMETRY
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12. [2001-CE-MATH 1]
(a) In Figure 12 (a), OP is a diameter of the circle. The altitude QR of the acute-angled triangle
OPQ cuts the circle at S. Let the coordinates of P and S be ) 0 , ( p and ) , ( b a
respectively.
(i) Find the equation of the circle OPS.
(ii) Using (i) or otherwise, show that POQ OQ OP OS Z = cos
2
.
(7 marks)
(b) In Figure 12 (b), ABC is an acute-angled triangle. AC and BC are diameters of the circles
AGDC and BCEF respectively.
(i) Show that BE is an altitude of ABC.
(ii) Using (a) or otherwise, compare the length of CF with that of CG. Justify your
answer.
(4 marks)

13. * [2000-CE-MATH 1]
In Figure 13, C is the centre of the circle PQS. OR and OP are tangent to the circle at S and P
respectively. OCQ is a straight line and = Z 30 QOP .
(a) Show that = Z 30 PQO . (3 marks)
(b) Suppose OPQR is a cyclic quadrilateral.
(i) Show that RQ is tangent to the circle PQS at Q.
(ii) A rectangular coordinate system is introduced in Figure 13 so that the coordinates of
O and C are ) 0 , 0 ( and ) 8 , 6 ( respectively. Find the equation of QR.
(8 marks)

CHAPTER 3 EQUATIONS OF LOCI
14. A is a fixed point and l is a line not passing through A. A variable point P maintains an equal
distance from A and l. Describe the locus of P. (3 marks)

15. A triangle has vertices O ) 0 , 0 ( , P ) 0 , 10 ( and Q ) 12 , 8 ( . A is a movable point such that
k AQ AP AO = + +
2 2 2
, where k is a constant.
(a) Find, in terms of k, the equation of the locus of A.
(b) When the value of k is a minimum, write down the coordinates of A.
Hence, find the corresponding value of k.
(5 marks)

COORDINATE GEOMETRY
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16. The distance between two fixed points B ) 0 , 5 ( and C ) 0 , 5 ( is 10 units. P is a variable point
such that 250
2 2
= + PC PB .
(a) Find the equation of the locus of P.
(b) Hence describe the locus of P.
(5 marks)

17. B ) 0 , ( a and C ) 0 , (a are fixed points, where a is positive. P is a movable point such that
k
PC
PB
= , where k is a constant greater than 1.
(a) Show that the equation of the locus of P is
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
|
.
|

\
|

= +
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
a
k
k
y a
k
k
x . (4 marks)
(b) Hence describe the locus of P. (3 marks)

18. * A square ABCD has sides of length a, where a is a constant. P is a variable point such that
2 2 2 2 2
4a PD PC PB PA = + + + . By analytic approach, show that the locus of P is the
circumcircle of ABCD.
(7 marks)

APPENDIX FIGURES

Figure 3 Figure 4

O
B (5, 5)
A (2, 7)
x
y
O
B
A
x
y
COORDINATE GEOMETRY
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Figure 5 Figure 7


Figure 8


Figure 9


Figure 13

O
x
y
A
B
L O
x
y
A (4, 3)
O x
y
D (2, 0) C
K
A (4, 0)
M
B (12, 8)
O x
y
E
A (2, 9)
B
C (8, 1)
D
O
30
P
Q
R
S
C
COORDINATE GEOMETRY
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Figure 10 Figure 11



Figure 12 (a) Figure 12 (b)

A
S
B C
G
H
R O
A
B
C
D
E
O
O R P
x
y
S
Q
C
D
E
F
G
A
B