ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

217
NG DNG TCH PHN TNH DIN TCH, TH TCH
I. DIN TCH HNH PHNG XC NH BI NG CONG y = == = f(x)
1. DIN TCH HNH PHNG GII HN BI 1 NG CONG:
1.1. Bi ton: Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
( ) ( )
:
: 0
,
=

= =

y f x
Ox y
x a x b
C







1.2. Cng thc tng qut:
( )
=

b
a
S f x dx
1.3. Cng thc khai trin:
a.
( )
=

b
a
S f x dx a nu f(x) 0
b.
( )
=

b
a
S f x dx nu f(x) 0
c.
( ) ( ) ( )
= +

c d b
a c d
S f x dx f x dx f x dx
2. DIN TCH HNH PHNG GII HN BI 2 NG CONG:
2.1. Bi ton: Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
:
:
,
=

= =

y f x
y g x
x a x b
C
C
2.2. Cng thc tng qut:
( ) ( )
=

b
a
S f x g x dx
O a b x
f(x) < 0
y
S
f(x) < 0
f(x) > 0
f(x) > 0
y
O a b
x
c d
S
2
S
3
S
1
x
y
a b O
S
f(x)
g(x)
x
y
a b O
f(x)
g(x)
c
g(x)
f(x)
S
2
S
1
f(x) > 0
O a b x
y
S
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

218
2.3. Cng thc khai trin:
a.
( ) ( )
( )
=

b
a
S f x g x dx nu f(x) g(x) x[a, b]
b.
( ) ( )
( )
=

b
a
S g x f x dx nu f(x) g(x) x[a, b]
c.
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
= +

c b
a c
S f x g x dx g x f x dx
3. DIN TCH HNH PHNG GII HN BI CC NG CONG T CT KHP KN
3.1. Bi ton 1: Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
=

: y f x
: y g x
C
C

Bc 1: Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
=
=
=

x a
f x g x
x b

Bc 2: S dng
( ) ( )
=

b
a
S f x g x dx

3.2. Bi ton 2: Tm din tch hnh phng
S gii hn bi
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
3
=

: y f x
: y g x
: y h x
C
C
C


Bc 1: Gii phng trnh tng giao tm honh giao im

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 2
2 3
3 1
C
A
B

C C
C C
C C

Bc 2: S dng
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
= +

c b
a c
S f x h x dx g x h x dx
4. CH : Cn phi in "vdt" vo kt qu cui cng trong cc bi ton
tnh din tch hnh phng

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 2
2 3
3 1
C
A
B

C C
C C
C C

gii phng trnh f(x) = g(x)
gii phng trnh g(x) = h(x)
gii phng trnh h(x) = f(x)
x
y
a b O
f(x)
g(x)
S
S
g(x)
f(x)
h(x)
a b c x
y
O
A
B
C
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

219
5. CC BI TP MU MINH HA
Bi 1. Tnh S: ( ) ( ) { }
( )
2 2
1 2
P : x ay ; P : y ax a 0 = = >
Gii

( ) ( )
4 2
2
2
1 2
2 2
4
4 3
2
2
2
x x
y y
P P : a a
y ax y ax
x
ax x a x x 0, y 0
a
x a, y a
y ax
y ax

= =




= =

= = = =



= =
=
=

a
a
2 3 2 3 2
0
0
x 2 a x 2a a a
S ax dx x x
a 3 3a 3 3a 3
| | | |
= = = =
| |
\ \

(vdt)
Bi 2. Tnh S: ( ) ( )
{ }
2
: y 2y x 0 ; D : x y 0 + = + = C
Gii
( )
( )
2
: y 2y x 0
D : x y 0

+ =

+ =

C

( )
( )
2
: x y 2y
D : x y 0

= +

+ =

C

( ) ( )
2
y 0; x 0
D : y 2y y 0
y 3; x 3
= =
+ + =

= =

C
( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
2 2
0 0
S y 2y y dy y 2y y dy
(
= + = + +



( )
3
3
3 2
2
0
0
y 3y 1 3 9
y 3y dy 27 9
3 2 3 2 2
| |
= + = + = + =
|
\

(vdt)
Bi 3. Tnh S:
( ) ( )
{ }
2
P : y 2x ; D : x 2y 2 0 ; Ox : y 0 = + = =
Gii
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2
y 2 2y 2 y 2x
P D
x 2y 2 x 2y 2
y 2 y 4y 4 0
x 2 x 2y 2
= =


= =

= + =


= =


( )
2
2
2 3
2
0
0
y y 8
S 2y 2 dy y 2y
2 6 6
( | |
= = + =
| (
\

(vdt)
a
a
(P )
O
y
x
S
(P )
1
2
2
1
3
-3
1
x

+

y

=

0
x
=
-y
+
2
y
2
S
x
y
O
2
2 -2
1
-2
S
x
y
O
(D)
(P)
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

220
Bi 4. Tnh S:
( )
( )
( )
{ }
2
1 7 x
P : y x 8x 7 ; H : y
3 x 3

= + =

Gii
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 7 x
P H : x 8x 7
3 x 3
x 0
x x 11x 28
0 x 4
3 3 x
x 7

+ =

=
+

= =

( )
7
2
4
1 7 x
S x 8x 7 dx
3 x 3
(
= +
(

7
2
4
x 8x 4 4
dx
3 3 3 x 3
(
= +
(

7
3 2
4
x 4x 4
x 4ln x 3 9 8ln2
9 3 3
| |
= + = +
|
\
(vdt)
Bi 5. Cho:
( ) ( )
{ }
2 2 2
P : y 2x ; C : x y 8 = + = .
(P) chia (C) thnh 2 phn, tm t s din tch ca 2 phn .
Gii
Nhn vo th ta c:
2
2
2
2
0
y
S 2 8 y dy
2
(
=
(

2
2 2
3
2 2
0 0 0
y 8
2 8 y dy y dy 2I 2I
3 3
= = =


Xt
2
2
0
I 8 y dy =

. t y 2 2 sin t dy 2 2 cos tdt = =

( )
4 4 2
2 2 2
0 0 0
4 4 4
2
0 0 0
I 8 y dy 8 8sin t .2 2 cos tdt 8 1 sin t cos tdt
1 1
8 cos t dt 4 1 cos 2t dt 4 t sin 2t 4 2
2 4 2


= = =
( | |
= = + = + = + = +
|
(
\



Vy
2
8 8 4
S 2I 2 4 2
3 3 3
= = + = + (vdt). Ta c:
( )
2
1 2
S S 2 2 8 + = =

( ) 1
4
4
S 8 2 6
3
3
= + = (vdt)
1
2
4
6
S 18 4 9 2
3
4
S 6 4 3 2
2
3


= = =
+ +
+

-1 1 3
x
y
4
3
7
7
3
O
S
(P)
(H)
2
-2
2
O
y
2 2
x
S
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

221
Bi 6. Tnh S:
( ) ( )
{ }
2
P : y x 4x 3 ; D : y x 3 = + = +
Gii
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
x 3 x 4x 3 x 5x 0 x 0, y 3
P D :
x 5, y 8
x 3 x 4x 3 x 3x 6

+ = + = = =



= =
+ = + +


( )
2
x 1
P Ox : y 0 x 4x 3 0
x 3
=
= + =

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
2
0
3
2
1
5
2
3
S x 3 x 4x 3 dx
x 3 x 4x 3 dx
x 3 x 4x 3 dx
(
= + + +

(
+ + + + +

(
+ + +

( ) ( ) ( )
1 3 5
2 2 2
0 1 3
x 5x dx x 3x 6 dx x 5x dx = + + + + +


1 3 5
3 2 3 2 3 2
0 1 3
x 5x x 3x x 5x 109
6x
3 2 3 2 3 2 6
| | | | | |
= + + + + + =
| | |
\ \ \
(vdt)
Bi 7. Tnh S: ( ) ( )
( )
2
1 2
3x 12x
C : y 1 2sin ; C : y 1 ; D : x
2 2

= = + =
`

)

Gii
( )
2
1
3x
C : y 1 2sin cos3x
2
= =
Nhn vo th ta c:
ANOI OIK
S S S 3 =
6 6
0
0
7 1
3 cos3xdx 2 sin3x 2 1
2 2

+
= = =

Bi 8. Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
(P): y = x
2
2x + 2 v cc tip tuyn ca (P)
i qua A(2; 2).
-1
1 2 3
O
x
y
5
3
8
S
1
2
S
S
3
-3
O x
y
6

3 2

1
7
A
B
C
N
M
S
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

222
s
2
1
s
10
7
3
4
y
x
O
1
2
1
d
2
2
d
2
(P)
Gii
ng thng qua A c dng (d): y = k(x 2) 2.
(d) l tip tuyn ca (P) khi
( )
( ) ( ) [ ]
2
2
x 2x 2 k x 2 2
x 2x 2 k x 2 2

+ =

+ =

( )( )
2 2
2x 2 k 2x 2 k x 0; k 2
x 4; k 6 x 2x 2 2x 2 x 2 2 x 4x 0
= = = =



= = + = =


Vy 2 tip tuyn ca (P) i qua A l: (d
1
): y = 2x + 2 tip xc vi (P) ti
B(0, 2) v (d
2
): y = 6x 14 tip xc vi (P) ti C(4, 10).
Vy
( )
( ) ( ) { }
2
1 2
S: P : y x 2x 2; d : y 2x 2 ; d : y 6x 14 = + = + =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 4
2 2
0 2
S x 2x 2 2x 2 dx x 2x 2 6x 14 dx
( (
= + + + +



( ) ( ) ( )
2 4 2 4
2
2 2 2
0 2 0 2
x dx x 8x 16 dx x dx x 4 d x 4 = + + = +


( )
4
2
3
3
0
2
x x 4 8 8 8 8 16
0 0
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
| | | |
= + = + = + =
| |
\ \
(vdt)
Bi 9. Tnh S: ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
1 2
x 27
P : y x ; P : y ; H : y
27 x

= = = `
)

Gii

( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 2
2 3
1
2
3 2
2
x
P P : x x 0 y 0
27
27
P H : x x 27 x 3
x
x 27
P H : x 27 x 9
27 x
= = =
= = =
= = =

Nhn vo th ta c:
9 3
3 9
2 2 3 3
2
0 3 0 3
x 27 x 26x x
S x dx dx 27ln x
27 x 27 81 81
| | | | | |
= + = +
| | |
\ \ \



26 1
0 27ln9 27ln3 9 27ln3
3 3
| | | |
= + + =
| |
\ \
(vdt)
3 O
y
3
9 6
9
2
9
s
1
2
s
(P )
(P )
(H)
1
2
x
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

223
Bi 10. Tnh S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
1 2 1 2
x 2 8
P : y x ; P : y ; H : y ; H : y
4 x x

= = = = `
)

Gii
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 3 3 3
1 1
2 3
1 2
2
3
2 1
2
P H : x x 2 x 2 y 4
x
8
P H : x x 8 x 2 y 4
x
x 2
P H : x 8 x 2 y 1
4 x
= = = =
= = = =
= = = =

( ) ( )
2
3 3 3
2 2
x 8
P H : x 32 x 2 4 y 2 2
4 x
= = = =
3
3
3 3
2 32
2 32
2 3 3
2
2 2 2 2
2 8 x x x
S x dx dx 2ln x 8ln x
x x 4 3 12
| | | | | |
| |
= + = +
| | | |
\ \ \ \

4ln 2 = (vdt)
Bi 11. Tnh S:
( ) ( ) ( )
{ }
3
2 2
P : y 4x; C : y 4 x = =
Gii
Phng trnh ca (P) v (C) u chn i vi y, v th S l min nhn Ox lm
trc i xng. Gi S
1
l phn nm trn trc Ox, khi S = 2S
1

( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
3
3 2
2
2
P C : 4x 4 x x 12x 52x 64 0
x 2 x 10x 32 0 x 2 x 5 7 0
x 2 y 2 2
= + + =
(
+ = + =

= =

( )
( ) ( )
3
P Ox : 4x 0 x 0
C Ox : 4 x 0 x 4
= =
= =

( ) ( ) ( )
2 4 2 4 1
3
3
2
2
2
1
0 2 0 2
S 4x dx 4 x dx 2 x dx x 4 d x 4 = + =



( )
2
4
3
5
2
2
0 2
4 2 8 2 8 2 64 2
x x 4 0 0
3 5 3 5 15
| | | |
= = + =
| |
\ \
. Vy
128 2
S 2S
15
= =
Cch 2: S:
( )
( )
2
2 3
1
P : x y
4
C : x 4 y

( )
2 2 2
2
3
1
0
1
S 4 y y dy
4
(
= (

128 2
15
= (vdt)
s
2
1
S
4
O
4
1
2 2
3
3
3
4 2
3
16
(P )
x
y
(P )
(H )
(H )
1
2
2
1
-1
2 3
O
4
1
-2 2
S
1
x
y
2 2
(C)
(P)
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

224
Bi 12. Tnh S:
( ) ( ) ( )
{ }
3
2 2
P : y 2x; C : 27y 8 x 1 = =
Gii
Gi S l phn nm pha trn trc Ox, t tnh cht
ca 2 hm chn suy ra tnh i xng khi S = 2S.
Do y
2
0 (x 1)
3
0 x 1
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3
2
8
P C : 2x x 1
27
x 4 2x 1 0 x 4 y 2 2
=
+ = = =

( )
P Ox: 2x 0 x 0 = = ;
( ) ( )
3
C Ox: x 1 0 x 1 = =
( )
( ) ( )
3 4 4 4 1
3
2
2
1
1 1 1
8 x 1 4 2
68 2
S 2S 2 2x dx 2 2 x dx x 1 d x 1
15
27
3 3
| |

|
= = = =
|
\


Bi 13. Tnh din tch hnh elip gii hn bi (E):
2 2
2 2
y x
1
a b
+ =
Gii
Phng trnh
2 2
2 2
y x
1
a b
+ = chn i vi x v y nn elip nhn O l tm i xng.
Gi S
1
l din tch ca phn elip thuc gc phn t (I) trn mt phng Oxy.

{ }
2 2
1
b
S : x 0; y 0; y a x
a
= = = v
a
2 2
1
0
b
S 4S 4 a x dx
a
= =

t x = acos:
x 0 2
x a 0
= =

= =

; Khi
( )
2 a 0
2 2 2 2
0 2 0
b 4b 1 cos 2
S 4 a x dx a sin d 4ab d ab
a a 2

= = = =

(vdt)
Bi 14. Tnh S:
( )
{ }
2
0 y 1; y x 1 ; x sin y = + =
Gii
[ ] x sin y 1,1 = x + 1 0; m 0 y 1 nn
( )
2
y x 1 x y 1 = + =
( )
1
1 3
2
0
0
1 2 2 1
S sin y y 1 dy cos y y y
3 3
| |
= + = + = + |
\

(vdt)
2 2
2 2
4 O 1
1
S
(P)
(C)
x
y
x
y
O
a
b
S
1
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

225
TH TCH KHI TRN XOAY
I. VX SINH BI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox:
S:
( ) ( )
1 2
: y f x
Ox : y 0
, : x a, x b
=

= =

C

Cng thc:
( )
b
2
x
a
V f x dx =

II. VX SINH BI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox:
S:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
1
2
1 2
: y f x
: y g x
0 g x f x
, : x a, x b
=

= =

C
C

Cng thc:
( ) ( )
b
2 2
x
a
V f x g x dx ( =

III. VX SINH BI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox: S:
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
: y f x
: y g x
=

C
C

Bc 1: Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
x a
f x g x
x b
=
=

Bc 2: Gi s 0 g(x) f(x),x[a, b]. Khi :
( ) ( )
b
2 2
x
a
V f x g x dx ( =

IV. VX SINH BI DIN TCH: NG CONG BC HAI f(x, y) = == = 0 QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox:
Bc 1: Tch ng cong bc hai f(x, y) = 0 thnh

( )
( )
( )
( )
1 1
2 2
: y f x
: y f x
=

C
C

v gi s 0 f
2
(x) f
1
(x)
Bc 2: Xc nh cn x = a, x = b.
Khi :
( ) ( )
b
2 2
x 1 2
a
V f x f x dx ( =

y
x
b
a
O
(C)
S
b
x
y
S
a
O
(C )
(C )
2
1
O
x
1
(C )
(C )
2
y
a
b
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

226
V. Vy SINH BI DIN TCH S CA 1 TH QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
S:
( ) ( )
( )
( )
1
2
: y f x
Oy: x 0
: y f a
: y f b
=

C

Bc 1: y = f(x) x = f
1
(y)
Bc 2: ( )
( )
( ) f b
2
1
y
f a
V f y dy

( =


VI. Vy SINH BI DIN TCH S CA 2 TH QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
S:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
2
1
2
: y f x
: y g x
: y f a g m
: y f b g n
=

= =

= =

C
C

Bc 1:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
1
1
2
: y f x x f y
: y g x x g y

= =

= =

C
C

Bc 2: Gi s ( ) ( )
1 1
0 g y f y

( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) f b
2 2
1 1
y
f a
V f y g y dy

( ( =


VII. Vy SINH BI DIN TCH: NG CONG BC 2 f(x, y) = == = 0 QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
Bc 1: Tch ng cong bc hai f(x, y) = 0 thnh
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
: x f y
: x f y
=

C
C

v gi s 0 f
2
(y) f
1
(y)
Bc 2: Xc nh cn x = a, x = b. Khi : ( ) ( )
b
2 2
x 1 2
a
V f y f y dy ( =


VIII. PHNG PHP BAO TR TNH Vy KHI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
Cng thc:
( )
b
y
a
V 2 xf x dx =

CH : Cn phi in "vtt" vo kt qu cui cng trong cc bi ton tnh
th tch khi trn xoay
f(b)
a b
f(a)
O
(C)
x
y
S
a b m n O
(C )
1
2
(C )
S
f(b)
f(a)
x
y
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

227
IX. CC BI TP MU MINH HA
Bi 1. Tm V
x
sinh bi S:
( ) ( )
{ } : y ln x; Ox : y 0; : x 2 = = = C quay quanh Ox
Gii
Xt
( )
Ox : ln x 0 x 1 = = C
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 2
1 x
1 1
V ln x dx x ln x x d ln x = =



( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
1
1 1
2
2 2 2
1
2 ln 2 2 ln x dx 2 ln 2 2 x ln x 2 x d ln x
2 ln 2 4 ln 2 2 dx 2 ln 2 4 ln 2 2 2 ln 2 1
= = +
= + = + =

vtt

Bi 2. Tnh V
x
khi S:
( ) ( )
{ }
3
L : y x ln 1 x ; y 0 ; x 1 = + = = quay quanh Ox.
Gii
( )
( )
3
3
3
3
x 1 1 x 0
y x ln 1 x x 0
1 x 1
ln 1 x 0
> + >
= +

+
+

y 0
( ) ( )
3
L Ox: x ln 1 x 0 x 0 + = =
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1
2 3 3 3
x
0 0
V x ln 1 x dx ln 1 x d x 1
3

= + = + +


( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
1 1 1
3 3 3 3 3
0 0
0
2 ln 2 2ln 2 1
x 1 ln 1 x x 1 d ln 1 x x
3 3 3 3 3

(
= + + + + = =

Bi 3. Cho S:
( ) ( )
{ } 2
1
C : y ; D : x 1; y 0, x 0
1 x
= = = =
+
. Tnh V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
2
1
y
1 x
=
+
> 0
( )
2
1
C : x 1
y
=
( )
( ) ( )
C Oy : x 0 y 1
C D : x 1 y 1 2
= =

= =

( )
1 2 1
1 1 2
y
0 1 2
0 1 2
1 1
1
V dy 1 dy y ln y y ln ln 2
y
2 2 2
| |
| |
= + = + = + =
|
|
\
\


O
x
y
1
1/2
1
(C)
(D)
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

228
Bi 4. Cho S: ( )
2 2 2
x y b a ; 0 a b + <
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
a. Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
x y b a y b a x + =

2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1 1 2
: ; : A B A y b a x A B A y b a x = + =
( ) ( )
a
2 2
2 2 2 2
x
a
V b a x b a x dx

(
= + (

a a
2 2 2 2
a 0
4 b a x dx 8 b a x dx

= =

. t x = asint
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
x
0 0
2
2
2 2 2 2
0
0
V 8 b a 1 sin t a cos t dt 4 a b 2cos t dt
4 a b 1 2cos 2t dt 4 a b t sin 2t 2 a b

= =
= + = + =

vtt

b. Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
x y b a x a y b + =

( )

( )
2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1 1 2
B A B : x a y b ; B A B : x a y b = =
Do cc cung

1 2 2 1 1 2
B A B , B A B i xng nhau qua Oy nn
( ) ( )
b a b a
3 3
2 3 2 2 3
y
b a
b a
1 2a 4 a
V a y b dy a y y b 2a
3 3 3
+ +

| |
(
(
= = = =
|
(
\

(vtt)
Bi 5. Cho S l din tch ca (E):
( )
2 2
y
x 4
1
4 16

+ =
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii

x 0 a
t 0 /2
dx a cost dt

O
b
-a a
x
y
I
A
B
C
D
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

229
a. (E):
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
y y
x 4 x 4
1 1
4 16 16 4

+ = =
( )
2
2
y 4 4 x 4
(
=



( ) ( )
2
E Ox : 4 x 4 0 x 2; x 6 = = =

( )

( )
2 2
ABC: y 2 4 x 4 ; ADC: y 2 4 x 4 = =
Do cc cung

ABC, ADC i xng nhau qua Ox nn

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
6 6 2
2 2
x
2 2
6
3
2
V 2 4 x 4 dx 4 4 x 4 d x 4
x 4 8 8 128
4 4 x 4 4 8 8
3 3 3 3
(
= =

(
| |
= = + = (
|
\

vtt

b. (E):
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
y y
x 4 x 4
1 1
4 16 4 16

+ = =
( )
( )
2
2
1
x 4 16 y
4
=

2
2
1
BAD: x 4 16 y
2
1
BCD: x 4 16 y
2
=
= +

2 2 4 4
2 2 2
y
4 4
1 1
V 4 16 y 4 16 y dy 8 16 y dy
2 2

(
| | | |
= + = (
| |
\ \


t y = 4sint
( )
2
2
y
2
V 8 16 1 sin t 4cos t dt

( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
64 2cos t dt 64 1 2cos 2t dt 64 t sin 2t 64

= = + = + =

vtt
Bi 6. Cho S:
( )
2
P : y 2x x
Ox : y 0

a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy

y 4 4
t /2 /2
dy 4 cost dt

C A
D
B
6 2 4
4
y
x
O
-4
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

230
Gii
a.
( )
2
P Ox : 2x x 0 x 0; x 2 = = =
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 3 4
x
0 0
V 2x x dx 4x 4x x dx = = +



( )
2
3 4 5
0
4 1 16
x x x
3 5 15
| |
= + =
|
\
vtt
b.
( ) ( )
2
2
P : y 2x x x 1 1 y = =

OA: x 1 1 y ; AB: x 1 1 y = = +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
1
2 2
y
0
1 1
1 2
0 0
1
3 2
0
V 1 1 y 1 1 y dy
4 1 y dy 4 1 y d 1 y
8 8
1 y
3 3
(
= +

= =

= =

vtt

Bi 7. Tm V
x
khi quay S:
{ }
6 6
y cos x sin x; y 0; x 0; x
2

= + = = = quanh Ox.
Gii
( ) ( )
2 2
2
6 6 6 6
x
0 0
V cos x sin x dx cos x sin x dx

= + = +


( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
0 0
2 2
2
0
0
3
cos x sin x cos x sin x 3sin xcos x dx 1 sin 2x dx
4
3 5 3 5
1 1 cos 4x dx x sin 4x
8 8 32 16


| |
(
= + + =
|
\
( | |
= = + =
|
(
\

vtt

Bi 8. Cho S:
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
1
2
P : y x x 0
D : y 3x 10
D : y 1

= >

= +

a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
2
1
y
x
O
O
x
y
1
2
A
B
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

231
Gii
a. ( ) ( )
1 2
D D : 3x 10 1 x 3 + = =
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
1
P D : x 1 x 1 0
P D : x 3x 10 x 2 0 ; y 4
= = >
= + = > =

( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 3
2 4
x
1 2
3 2
3 5
1 2
V x 1 dx 3x 10 1 dx
x 1 3x 10 31 61
x x 6
5 3 3 5 5
(
= + +

| | | |
+
= + = + = | |
\ \

vtt

b.
( ) ( )
2
P : y x x 0 x y = > = ; ( )
1
10 y
D : y 3x 10 x
3

= + =
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 4 4 4
2
2
y
1 1 1
4
3
2
1
10 y
V y dy y 10 d y 10 ydy
9 9
y 10 152 15 101
y
9 3 2 27 2 54
(

( = =

| |

| = = =
\


Bi 9. Cho S l din tch ca (E):
2
2
2 2
y
x
1
a b
+ = (0 < b < a)
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
a. (E):
( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
y y b
x x
1 1 y a x
a b b a a
+ = = =


2 2 2 2 b b
BA: y a x ; CA: y a x
a a

= =
Do cc cung

BA, AC i xng nhau qua Ox nn
( )
( )
a
a a 2 2 3 2
2
2 2 2 2 2
x
2 2
a
a a
b b x 4 ab
b
V a x dx a x dx a x
a
3 3
a a


| |

= = = =
|
\

(vtt)
1
3 2 1 O
x
y
S
D
D
(P)
4
1
2
O
y
x
A
B
C
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

232
b. (E): ( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
y y a
x x
1 1 x b y
a b a b b
+ = = =

2 2
2 2
a
AB: x b y
b
a
BC: x b y
b
=

=

Do cc cung

AB, BC i xng nhau qua Oy nn
( )
( )
b
b b 3 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2
y
2 2
0
0 0
y 2 a 2 a 4 a b
a
V 2 b y dy b y dy b y
b 3 3
b b
| |

= = = =
|
\

(vtt)
Bi 10. Cho S: ( ) ( ) { }
2 2
1 2
P : y 4 x ; P : y x 2 = = + . Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
Gii
( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 2
P P : 4 x x 2 x 1 x 1 = + = =

( ) ( )
1
2 2
2 2
0
V 2 4 x x 2 dx
(
= +

( ) ( )
1
1
3
2
0
0
x
24 1 x dx 24 x 16
3
| |
= = =
|
\

vtt
Bi 11. Tnh th tch khi trn xoay to nn khi cho hnh trn tm I(2, 0) bn
knh R = 1 quay quanh trc Oy.
Gii
Phng trnh (I, R): (x 2)
2
+ y
2
= 1

( )
2 2 2
x 2 1 y x 2 1 y = =


2 2
CA: x 2 1 y ; BC: x 2 1 y = = +
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
2 2 2
y
0 0
V 2 2 1 y 2 1 y dy 16 1 y dy
(
= + =
(


t y = sint dy = costdt
2 2
2 2
y
0 0
V 16 1 sin t cos t dt 16 cos t dt

= =



( ) ( )
2 2
2
0
0
1
8 1 cos 2t dt 8 t sin 2t 4
2

| |
= + = + =
|
\

vtt
B
A
x
y
O
C
(P )
4
y
x
O
2
2
3
1
1
2
1
2
(P )
y
x O 1 2
I
C
A B
3
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

233
Bi 12. Cho S:
( ) ( )
{ }
2
P : y 2x ; D : y 2x 4 = = + .
Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
Gii
( ) ( )
2 2
C D : 2x 2x 4 x x 2 0 x 1 x 2 = + + = = =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
4
x
1
2
3
5
1
V 2x 4 4x dx
3 2x 4 4 x 288
2 5 5

(
= +

| |
+
= = |
\

vtt

Bi 13. Cho S: ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
1 2
x 27
P : y x ; P : y ; H : y
27 x

= = = `
)

Gii
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 2
2 3
1
2
3 2
2
x
P P : x x 0 y 0
27
27
P H : x x 27 x 3
x
x 27
P H : x 27 x 9
27 x
= = =
= = =
= = =

Nhn vo th ta c:
( ) ( )
3 9 9
2 4
4
x
2 2
0 3 0
3 9 9
5 2 5
2
0 3 3
27 x
V x dx dx dx
x 27
x 27 x 243 81 1 583
81 243
5 x 5 5 15 3 27 .5
= +
| |
= = =
|
\

vtt

b. ( ) ( )
( )
1 2
27
P : x y ; P : x 27y ; H : x
y
= = = (x, y 0)
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
3 9 3 9
2 2 2
y
0 3 0 3
9
3
2 2
0
3
27 27
V 27y y dy y dy 26ydy y dy
y y
1 81 9
13y 27ln y y 117 27ln 9 27ln3 81 27ln 3
2 2 2
| | | |
(
= + = +
| |
\ \
| |
= + = + + = +
|
\

vtt

y
2
-1 2
x
O
8
4
3 O
y
3
9 6
9
2
9
s
1
2
s
(P )
(P )
(H)
1
2
x
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

234
x
y
1,5
O
8
3
16
5
4 5
A
-1
2
4
(D)
(H)
Bi 14. Cho S:
( ) ( )
{ } C : y x, D : y 2 x, y 0 = = = . Tnh V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
( )
( )
( )
2
C : x y y 0 ; D : x 2 y = =

( ) ( )
2 2
C D : y 2 y y y 2 0 = + =
(x 1)(y + 2) = 0 y = 1 0
( )
( )
( )
1
2
4
y
0
1
5
3
0
V 2 y y dy
y 1 32
y 2
3 5 15
(
=

| |

= =
|
\

vtt

Bi 15. Cho
( )
2 2
y x
H : 1
16 4
= v (D) l tip tuyn ca (H) i qua A(2, 1) vi
h s gc dng. Tnh th tch khi trn xoay to bi min phng gii
hn bi (H), (D) v trc Ox khi quay quanh trc Oy.
Gii
(D) i qua A(2, 1) nn
(D): y = k(x 2) 1
(D):
( )
kx y 2k 1 0 + =
Ta c: (D) tip xc (H)

( )
2
2
16k 4 2k 1 = +
2
12k 4k 5 0 =

5 1
k k
6 2
= = (loi) (D):
5 8 6 16
y x x y
6 3 5 5
= = +
( ) ( )
2
2 2
6 16 3
D H : 4y 16 y 4y 12y 9 0 y ; x 5
5 5 2
| |
+ = + + = = =
|
\

( )
3 2 2
2
y
0
6y 16
V 4y 16 dy
5
(
+ | |
= + (
|
\

( ) ( )
3 2
3 3
2
0
0
4y 36
8 8
16y y d y
3 3
3 25
| |

= + + +
|
\


( )
( )
3 2
3
0
9 36 72
8
24 y
3
2 75 25
| |
= + + =
|
\
vtt
x
y
O
2
2
1
(C)
(D)
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

235
Bi 16. Cho S:
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
2
C : y x 2 , D : y 4 = = .
a. Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox b. Tnh V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
a.
( ) ( ) ( )
2
P D : x 2 4 x 0, x 4 = = =

( )
4
4
x
0
V 16 x 2 dx
(
=

( )
4
5
0
x 2
16x
5
(

= (

( )
256
5

= vtt
b.
( )

P : x 2 y AI : x 2 y ; IB: x 2 y = = = +
( ) ( )
4
2 2
y
0
V 2 y 2 y dy
(
= +


( )
4 4
3 2
0
0
16 128
8 ydy y
3 3

= = =

vtt
Bi 17. Cho S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2
1 2
y y
P : x y 0 ; P : x 3y y 2 ; D : x 4
4 2

` = = + =
)

a. Tnh S b. Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
Gii
a.
2 2
2
y y y 0
3y y 4y
y 4
4 2
=
= +

=

( )
( )
2
1
y
P D : 4 y 4 0
4
= = <
( )
( )
2
2
y y 2
P D : 3y 4
y 4 2
2
=
+ =

= >

Nhn vo th suy ra:
0 2
2 2
4 0
y y
S 4 dy 4 3y dy
4 2

| | | |
= + +
| |
\ \


0 2
3 3 2
4 0
y y 3y
4y 4y
12 6 2

| | | |
= + +
| |
\ \
( )
16 4
16 8 6 14
3 3
| | | |
= + + =
| |
\ \
vdt
(D)
O
x
2
y
S
4
(P)
O
x
y
4
4
6
2
S
(P )
1
2
(P )
(D)
-4
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng

236
b. ( ) ( )
2
1
y
P : x y 0 y 2 x
4
= =

( ) ( )
4 4
4 2
2
x
0
0 0
V 2 x dx 4 x dx 2 x 32 = = = =

vtt
Bi 18. Cho S:
( ) ( )
3
2
x
C : y ; P : y x
3

= = `
)
.
Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox.
Gii
( ) ( )
3
2
x x 0
C P : x
x 3
3
=
=

( )
2 3 3
6
3
2
2 4
x
0 0
x
x
V x dx x dx
3
9
(
| |
| |
= = ( | |
\ \


( )
3
5 7
0
x x 486
5 63 35
| |
= =
|
\
vtt
Bi 19. Cho S:
( ) ( ) ( )
{ }
3
2 2
C : y 4 x ; P : y 4x = = .
Tnh V
x
, V
y
khi S quay quanh Ox, Oy
Gii
( ) ( ) ( )
3
C P : 4 x 4x =
3 2
x 12x 52x 64 0 + =
( ) ( )
2
x 2 x 5 7 0
(
+ =


x 2 y 2 2 = =
( ) ( )
3
C Ox : 4 x 0 x 4 = =
( )
P Ox : 4x 0 x 0 = =

( )
3
OA: y 4x ; AN: y 4 x = = ;

( )
3
OB: y 4x ; BN: y 4 x = =
Do (C), (P) nhn Ox lm trc i xng nn:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4 2 4
2
2 2
3 4
2
x
0
2
0 2
V 4x dx 4 x dx 2 x 4 x 12
4

= + = =

vtt
( )
( )
2 2 2 2
4 4
2
2 4 3 2 3
3
y
0 0
y y 1024 2
V 2 4 y dy 2 16 y 8y dy
16 16 35
( (
= = + =
( (


vtt
y
x
O
3
9
(P)
(C)
(C)
2 2
y
x
S
2 -2
4 O 2
(P)
A
B
N
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch

237