1

1.
1.1.

.
C1 C2. :

1 t [t]


C1
C2

1
2

2
1

( . )
1 t

[t]
6
8

:

1 t.
2 t.
,
?
1.2.
.
1. , .
25 2009 .

1.
2. , (
).
3. , .
xE t xI t
.
:
max z = 3xE + 2xI

xE + 2xI 6,
2xE + xI 8,
xE + xI 1,
xI 2,
xE 0, xI 0.
1.3.
, , ,
( )
, .
() , , ( , , ) . (3, 1), . .
xE = 3 xI = 1. z = 11 . .

( , , ). ( ) , () ,
() () () .

.
( ,
).


xE
3
c x : c = , x =
xI
2
( , -), . . c
2

25 2009 .

 1
1 t , x
. c x,

xE
T
z = c x = [3, 2] = 3xE + 2xI .
xI

1 2
6

2 1
8
, b =
A
1
1 1

0 1
2
,

6
1 2

xE 0
2 1 xE 8

, Ax b, x 0.
1
1 1 xI
xI
0

2
0 1
(u T v, u, v Rn , ui T vi , i = 1, . . . , n.)
1.4.
n m ,
bi (i = 1, . . . , m). ai j i- (i = 1, . . . , m),
j- ( j = 1, . . . , n). c j
j- ( j = 1, . . . , n),
,
.
x1 , . . . , xn ,

n
X
max z =
cjxj
j=1

n
X

ai j x j bi ,

i = 1, . . . , m,

j=1

x j 0,
25 2009 .

j = 1, . . . , n.
3

2. ()
max cT x, Ax b, x 0, A
m n, c, x Rn , b Rm .

2. ()
2.1.

( 50 kg) ( 85 kg).
:
) - 30 1 ;
) - 1 kg ;
) - 100 g ;
) - 80 g .
( g) 1 kg
( ) 1.
1.

. .

10
8

40
10

1,25
2,50

2
1

0,24
0,16

- ,
.
2.2.
, x1 kg x2 kg
.
min z = 0,24x1 + 0,16x2 .
1

25 2009 .

 1

10x1 +
8x2
30,
40x1 + 10x2 1000,
1,25x1 + 2,50x2 100,
2x1 +
x2
80,
0 x1 50, 0 x2 85.
,
g
1000 (g = 1 kg).

3.
3.1.
,
.

1000, 1500 1200 .
2300 1400 . ( )
2.
2. ( )

1000
1250
1275

2690
1350
850

8 .
3 ( )
.
,
.
25 2009 .

4.
3.

(1)
(2)
(3)

(1)

(2)

80
100
102

215
108
68

3.2.
xi j , i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, 2, , i (i = 1, 2, 3)
j ( j = 1, 2).
min z = 80x11 + 215x12 + 100x21 + 108x22 + 102x31 + 68x32 ,

x11 + x12 = 1000,
x21 + x22 = 1500,
x31 + x32 = 1200,
x11 + x21 + x31 = 2300,
x12 + x22 + x32 = 1400,
xi j 0, i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, 2.
, 1000 + 1500 + 1200 = 3700 2300 + 1400 = 3700.
( ),
. ,
,
.

4.
4.1.
,
. , : ,
6

25 2009 .

 1
. , .
( ) :

(1)

(2)

(3)

15
9
10

10
15
12

9
10
8

(1)
(2)
(3)

,
, ?
4.2.
xi j , i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, 2, 3, xi j = 1,
i- j- , xi j = 0 .
,
.

15 10 9
3
3
XX

min z =
ci j xi j , c = 9 15 10 ,

i=1 j=1
10 12 8
3
X

xi j = 1,

i = 1, 2, 3,

xi j = 1,

j = 1, 2, 3,

j=1
3
X
i=1

1, i- j- ,
xi j =

0, .

1. (A, B, C D)
( 1, 2 3).
- 80 1, 50 2
50 3. A 1 3,
B 1 2, C 3, D
25 2009 .


2. ( ), ,
4.
4.

A B C D ()
1
2
3

2,5
3

3,5

6
7
10

120 ` .
? .
2. ,
. 5 ,
, ,
.
5. ,

()
()
()

8
0,2
0,04
15 000

11
0,3
0,055
25 000

9
0,24
0,04
11 000

13 000 ` 3000 ` . ?
.
3. , .
- 160 ` . 800
. , , , 6.
,
? .
8

25 2009 .

 1
6. ,

()
()
(oz)

300
0,35
1,2

200
0,15
0,75

100
0,05
0,5

4. ,
, . 40 lb , 30 lb 40 lb
. $40
1 lb , 1 lb 2 lb .
$50 2 lb , 1 lb 1 lb .

. ,
.
5.
. , , .
10 (.) , 7,5 . ,
12 . 15 . . 7 , , ,
. .
,
- .
7. ( )

0,7
0,9
0,8
0,5

0,8
0,8
1,5
0,6

0,0
0,8
0,9
0,4

()

0,25

0,10

0,08

6. . . 25 2009 .


(, ),
.
, ,
-.
, ,
8.
8.

90
30
10

20
80
20

40
60
60

200
180
150

()

84

72

60

, - .
7. 3, :
) 1300 ;
) 2000 .
8. ,
(1), (2) (3), 10 000, 12 000 14 000 kg.

(1), (2), (3) (4) 9000, 6000, 6000 13 000 kg.
1 kg ( )
9.
9. 1 kg ( )

5,00
3,20
2,50

3,50
2,60
3,10

4,20
1,80
3,30

2,20
4,80
5,40

, 10

25 2009 .

 1
.
9. 10 , , ,
. 40 MWh . , 70 MWh.
1 MWh 100 4 .
10. ( )

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

983
1815
1539

0
1205
1390

1205
0
1332

2112
801
2757

1390
1332
0

(1)
(2)
(3)

,
.
10. , 100
.
120 ,
40 .
11.
11. 1 ( )

5000
7000
10 000

7000
5000
6000

10 000
6000
5000

.
,
12.
12. 1 ( )

25 2009 .

6000

5500

9000
11


, ,
.
11.
,
i- j- , i, j = 1, 2, 3,

II

III

1
2
3

9
8
12

14
6
11

7
9
14

12. .
, .
.

II

III

IV

1
2
3

13
15
5

16
0
7

12
13
10

11
20
6

, .

12

25 2009 .

1. A1 , A3 , B1 , B2 , C3 , D2
1, 2, 3, A, B, C, D.
max z = 6(A1 +B1 )+7(B2 +D2 )+10(A3 +C3 ).
2A1 + 3A3 120, 2,5B1 + 3B2 120, 4C3 120, 3,5D2 120, A1 + B1 80,
B2 + D2 50, A3 + C3 50, A1 0, A3 0, B1 0, B2 0, C3 0, D2 0.
2. , M, K, J. max z = 8M + 11K + 9J, 0,2M + 0,3K + 0,24J 13000, 0,04M + 0,055K + 0,04J 3000,
0 M 15 000, 0 K 25 000, 0 J 11 000.
3. ,
x1 , x2 , x3 . max z = 300x1 + 200x2 + 100x3 , 0,35x1 + 0,15x2 + 0,05x3 160, 1,2x1 + 0,75x2 + 0,5x3 800, x1 0,
x2 0, x3 0.
4. x1 , x2 . max z =
40x1 + 50x2 , x1 + 2x2 40, x1 + x2 30, 2x1 + x2 40,
x1 0, x2 0.
5. x j , j = 1, 2, 3,
j ( kg). min z = 0,25x1 + 0,1x2 + 0,08x3 ,
0,7x1 + 0,8x2 10, 0,9x1 + 0,8x2 + 0,8x3 7,5, 0,8x1 +
1,5x2 + 0,9x3 12, 0,5x1 + 0,6x2 + 0,4x3 15, x1 0, x2 0, x3 0.
6. x1 , x2 ,
x3 ( kg). min z = 84x1 + 72x2 + 60x3 ,
90x1 + 20x2 + 40x3 200, 30x1 + 80x2 + 60x3 180,
10x1 + 20x2 + 60x3 150, x1 0, x2 0, x3 0.
7. ) -
.

x11 + x12 = 1000,
x21 + x22 = 1300,
x31 + x32 = 1200,
x11 + x21 + x31 2300,
x12 + x22 + x32 1400,
xi j 0, i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, 2.
25 2009 .

13


) - .

x11 + x12 1000,
x21 + x22 1500,
x31 + x32 1200,
x11 + x21 + x31 = 2000,
x12 + x22 + x32 = 1400,
xi j 0, i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, 2.
8. xi j i j,
i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, 2, 3, 4. min z = 5x11 + 3,5x12 + 4,2x13 +
2,2x14 + 3,2x21 + 2,6x22 + 1,8x23 + 4,8x24 + 2,5x31 + 3,1x32 + 3,3x33 + 5,4x34 ,
x11 + x12 + x13 + x14 10 000, x21 + x22 + x23 + x24 12 000,
x31 + x32 + x33 + x34 14 000, x11 + x21 + x31 = 9000, x12 + x22 + x32 = 6000,
x13 + x23 + x33 = 6000, x14 + x24 + x34 = 13 000, xi j 0, i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, 2, 3, 4.
9. i- , i = 1, 2, 3, j- , j = 1, . . . , 5.
min z = 0,04(983x11 + 1205x13 + 2112x14 + 1390x15 +
1815x21 + 1205x22 + 801x24 + 1332x25 + 1539x31 + 1390x32 + 1332x33 + 2757x34 ),
5
3
P
P

xi j 70, i = 1, 2, 3,
xi j = 40, j = 1, . . . , 5, xi j 0,
j=1

i=1

i = 1, 2, 3, j = 1, . . . , 5.

10. xi j , i, j = 1, 2, 3,
i, j, 1, 2, 3
, . y j , j =
1, 2, 3, .
( ) min z = 5x11 + 7x12 +
10x13 +7x21 +5x22 +6x23 +10x31 +6x32 +5x33 +6y1 +5,5y2 +9y3 ,
3
3
3
P
P
P
xi j 120, i = 1, 2, 3,
y j 300,
xi j + y j = 100, j = 1, 2, 3, xi j 0,

j=1

y j 0, i, j = 1, 2, 3.

j=1

i=1

11. xi j , i, j = 1, 2, 3, , xi j = 1, i-
j- , xi j = 0 .
min z = 9x11 + 14x12 + 7x13 + 8x21 + 6x22 + 9x23 + 12x31 + 11x32 + 14x33 ,
xi1 + xi2 + xi3 = 1, i = 1, 2, 3, x1 j + x2 j + x3 j = 1, j = 1, 2, 3,
xi j {0, 1}.
14

25 2009 .

 1
12.
. (
4),
. max z = 13x12 + 16x22 + 12x13 + 11x14 +
4
P
15x21 + 13x23 + 20x24 + 5x31 + 7x32 + 10x33 + 6x34 ,
xi j = 1,
j=1

i = 1, . . . , 4,

4
P
i=1

xi j = 1, j = 1, . . . , 4, xi j {0, 1}, i, j = 1, . . . , 4.

25 2009 .

15