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gs pjakajxgzk cjdpkdp id` }xjckssks$ Hw {sgde pbksk spxipkegks. pkicbkxs cid aj|khkwjd` pkicbgde

cjdpkdp- pj pkicbgde sp{`kdps bju pj nkixdpbip gs. d` id`k|in{ipk cjdpkdp. cjddkcp ugpb }xgjx

fdjunk`ek. id` {sk pbip fdjunk`ek pjsjn|k i{pbkdpgc }xjhnkas$ Pbk spxipkegks gd pbgs hjjf insj

bkn} pkicbkxs cxkipkcbinnkde gde. kajpgjdinnw silk nkixdgde kd|gxjdakdps6 icpg|knw kdeiek sp{`kdpsgd

nkixdgde6 cjddkcp sp{`kdps pj pkicbkxs id` jdk idjpbkx gd }xj`{cpg|k uiws6id` bkn} sp{`kdps `k|knj}

cxgpgcin pbgdfgde sfgnns pbip }xk}ixk pbka ljx bgebkx k`{cipgjd id` pbk ujxfljxck$

rrCnissxjja Gdspx{cpgjd Pbip Ujxfs

Pbk ga}jxpidck jl sp{`kdp pkicbkx xknipgjdsbg}s gd pbk cnissxjja

Jdk jl pbk ajsp ga}jxpidp gd{kdcks jd sp{`kdp icbgk|kakdp gs pbkxknipgjdsb g} hkpukkd pbk pkicbkx id`

sp{`kdps "Bippgk. 8==7'$ Gl wj{ isf idw sp{`kdp ubip aifks i ejj` pkicbkx. pbk idsukx gs ngfknw pj hk

sjakpbgde pbip xkkcps pbk ga}jxpidck jl pbgs xknipgjdsbg}$ Pkicbkxs ubj bi|k ejj` xknipgjd!sbg}s

ugpb sp{`kdps cixk ihj{p sp{`kdps is }kj}nk id` nkixdkxs$ Pbkw bjn`bgeb kr}kcpipgjds ljx pbkgx

sp{`kdps. cjd|kw pbksk kr}kcpipgjds pj pbkgx sp{!`kdps. id` bkn} pbkgx sp{`kdps akkp pbksk

kr}kcpipgjds$ Pbkw `ksged nkixdgde icpg|gpgks pbip ixk ujxpbw jl sp{`kdps klljxp. ixk xknk|idp pj

sp{`kdps ng|ks. id`xky{gxk bgebkx!jx`kx pbgdfgde "Hxj}bw. 8==0'$ Pbkw ixk uixa id`

ka}ipbkpgcid` kspihngsb i skdsk jl cjaa{dgpw ugpbgd pbk cnissxjja ubkxk pbkw xks}kcp sp{`kdps id`

ubkxk sp{`kdps xks}kcp pbka id` jdk idjpbkx "Ejj`ugd. 8=99'$ Ubkd pkicbkx sp{`kdp xknipgjdsbg}s

ixk djp spxjde. sp{`kdp nkixdgde s{llkxs$Gdbkxk dp pj kspihngsbgde i }jsgpg|k nkixdgde

kd|gxjdakdp gs i exjupb agd`!skp. ubgcb akids pkicbkxs |gku sp{`kdp icbgk|kakdp is sjakpbgde pbip cid hkcbidek`

pbxj{eb i}}ngcipgjd id` kr}kxgkdck- " @ukcf. 8==<. }$ 5'$ Pkicbkxs ujx`s id` icpgjds aifk gp cnkix pbip

sp{`kdp icbgk|kakdp `k}kd`s jd bix` ujxf id` klljxp id` gs djp skp gd spjdk hw }isp }kxljxaidck$

Ubkd pkicbkxs}xjajp k i exjupb agd`!skp. pbkw ljc{s sp{`kdps jd sknl!`k|knj}ak dp. sknl!ajpg|ipgjd.

id` xks}jdsghgngp w- id` bkn} pbka `k|knj} pbk akdpin `kpkxag!dipgjd pj cjdpgd{k ga}xj|gde id`

nkixdgde "}$ 9=5'$ Pbk spxipkegks gdcn{`k`gd pbk xsp skcpgjd jl pbk jxeidgzgde lxiakujxf ljx pbgs hjjf

"Skppgde Jhokc!pg|ks id` ]xj|g`gde Lkk`hicf. Xkgdljxcgde Klljxp id` ]xj|g`gde Xkcjedgpgjd.id

` Cjj}kxipg|k Nkixdgde' }xjajpk i exjupb agd`!skp id` bkn} pkicbkxskspih ngsb }jsgpg|k

sp{`kdp pkicbkx xknipgjdsbg}s$ Gd i``gpgjd. pbksk spxipkegksbkn} sp{`kdps `k|knj} i hkngkl gd

pbkgx ihgngpw pj }jsgpg|knw illkcp pbkgx nkixd!gde$ Pbgs gdcxkisk` sknl!klcicw ajpg|ipks sp{`kdps pj

kdeiek gd nkixdgde id`}kxsgsp ubkd pbkw kdcj{dpkx `glc{np cjdpkdp$ Pbk spxipkegks gd

pbk xkaigdgde cipkejxgks insj cjdpxgh{pk pj }jsgpg|k sp{`kdp pkicbkx xknipgjdsbg}s hw }xj|g`!gde

j}}jxp{dgpgks ljx bgebkx!jx`kx pbgdfgde$

]i

xp

Cxki pgd e

pbk Kd| gxjd

akd pljx Nkix

dgd e
8

Skpp gde Jhokc

pg|ks id` ]xj|g

`gde Lkk` hicf

Pbk fkw pj aifgde wj{x sp{`kdps nkixdgde kr}kxgkdcks ujxpbubgnk gs pjljc{s wj{x }niddgde jd aiojx gdspx{cpgjdin

ejins. }bxisk` gd pkxas jl `ksgxk`sp{`kdp j{pcjakspbk fdjunk`ek. sfgnns. ippgp{`ks. |in{ks. id` `gs}jsgpgjdspbip

wj{ uidp pj `k|knj} gd wj{x sp{`kdps$ Ejins. djp cjdpkdp cj|kxiek jx nkixdgde }xjckssks. }xj|g`k pbk xipgjdink ljx

c{xxgc{n{a id` gdspx{cpgjd$Okxk Hxj}bw.

Ajpg|ipgde Sp{`kdps pj Nkixd

Gaiegdk pbip wj{ bi|k pj ej pj i cgpw wj{ bi|kdp |gsgpk`

hkljxk$ Wj{ fdju pbip cgpgks bi|k i |ixgkpw jl skx|gcks id` ippxicpgjds. h{p wj{ `jdp fdju kricpnw ubip

wj{ ixk s{}}jsk` pj `j gd pbgs }ixpgc{nix cgpw$ Sbj{n` wj{ }xj|g`k i skx|gckljx sjakjdk. eipbkx gdljxaipgjd

ihj{p i }ixpgc{nix }kxsjd jx }nick. jx `jsjakpbgde knsk: Ugpbj{p i s}kcglgc jhokcpg|k. wj{ cj{n` s}kd` wj{x

pgak jdsjakpbgde pbip gsdp ga}jxpidp jx pbip aifks gp `gllgc{np pj fdju ubkpbkx wj{x pgak gd

pbk cgpw uis ujxpb pbk pxg}$Hkgde gd i cnissxjja ugpbj{p fdjugde pbk `gxkcpgjd ljx nkixdgde gs sgagnix pj

pifgde i }{x}jsknkss pxg} pj id {dliagngix cgpw$ Pkicbkxs cid skp jhokcpg|kspj

kds{xk pbip sp{`kdps oj{xdkws ugpb nkixdgde ixk }{x}jskl{n$ Ubkd pkicbkxsg`kdpg lw id`

cjaa{dgcipk cnkix nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks. pbkw skd` pbk akssiekpbip pbkxk gs i ljc{s ljx pbk nkixdgde

icpg|gpgks pj cjak$ Pbgs xkiss{xks sp{`kdpspbip pbkxk gs i xkisjd ljx nkixdgde id` }xj|g`ks

pkicbkxs ugpb i ljcin }jgdp ljx }niddgde gdspx{cpgjd$ ]xj|g`gde lkk`hicf s}kcgc pj nkixdgde

jhokcpg|ks bkn}ssp{`kdps ga}xj|k pbkgx }kxljxaidck id` sjng`glw pbkgx {d`kxspid`gde$

3S k p p g d e Jhokcpg|ks id`

]xj|g`gde Lkk`hicf

Skppgde jhokcpg|ks id` }xj|g`gde lkk`hicf ujxf gd pid`ka$ Pkicbkxs dkk`pj

g`kdpglw s{cckss cxgpkxgi ljx nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks sj sp{`kdps fdju ubkd pbkw bi|k icbgk|k` pbjsk

jhokcpg|ks "Bippgk , Pga}kxnkw. 8==5'$ Sgagnixnw. lkk`hicf sbj{n` hk }xj|g`k` ljx pisfs pbip ixk

xknipk` pj pbk nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks6 pbgs uiw. sp{`kdps {d`kxspid` pbk }{x}jsk jl pbk ujxf pbkw ixk

isfk` pj `j. h{gn`i cjbkxkdp {d`kxspid`gde jl i cjdpkdp `jaigd. id` `k|knj} bgeb nk|kns jl sfgnngd i s}kcgc `jaigd$

Gd pbgs cbi}pkx. uk }xkskdp cnissxjja }xicpgcks ljx skppgde jhokcpg|ks id` }xj|g`gde

lkk`hicf pbip xkiss{xk sp{`kdps pbip pbkgx pkicbkx gsljc{sk` jd bkn}gde pbka s{cckk`$

Ubw Pbgs Cipkejxw Gs Ga}jxpidp

Skppgde jhokcpg|ks gs pbk }xjckss jl kspihngsbgde i `gxkcpgjd pj

e{g`k nkixdgde "]gdpxgcb , Scb{df. 8==8'$ Ubkd pkicbkxs cjaa{dgcipk jhokcpg|ks ljx sp{`kdp nkixdgde.

sp{`kdps cid skk ajxk kisgnw pbk cjddkcpgjds hkpukkd ubip pbkw ixk`jgde gd cniss id` ubip pbkw ixk

s{}}jsk` pj nkixd$ Pbkw cid ei{ek pbkgx spixp!gde }jgdp gd xknipgjd pj pbk nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks id` `kpkxagdk ubip

pbkw dkk`pj }iw ippkdpgjd pj id` ubkxk pbkw agebp dkk` bkn} lxja pbk pkicbkx jx jpbkxs$ Pbgs cnixgpw bkn}s

`kcxkisk idrgkpw ihj{p pbkgx ihgngpw pj s{cckk`$ Gd i``gpgjd.sp{`kd ps h{gn` gdpxgdsgc ajpg|ipgjd ubkd

pbkw skp }kxsjdin nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks$]xj| g`gde lkk`hicf gs id jdejgde }xjckss gd ubgcb pkicbkxs

cjaa{dgcipkgdlj xaipgjd pj sp{`kdps pbip bkn}s pbka hkppkx {d`kxspid` ubip pbkw ixk pjnkixd. ubip

bgeb!y{ingpw }kxljxaidck njjfs ngfk. id` ubip cbideks ixk dkcks!sixw pj ga}xj|k pbkgx nkixdgde "Bippgk ,

Pga}kxnkw. 8==56 Sb{pk. 8==2'$ Lkk`!hicf }xj|g`ks gdljxaipgjd pbip bkn}s nkixdkxs

cjdxa. xkdk. jx xkspx{cp{xk |ixgj{s fgd`s jl fdjunk`ek. spxipkegks. id` hkngkls pbip ixk xknipk` pj

pbk nkixd!gde jhokcpg|ks "Bippgk , Pga}kxnkw. 8==5'$ Ubkd lkk`hicf }xj|g`ks kr}ngcgp

e{g`idck pbip bkn}s sp{`kdps i`o{sp pbkgx nkixdgde "k$e$. Cid wj{ pbgdf jl idjpbkx uiw pj i}}xjicb pbgs

pisf:-'. pbkxk gs i exkipkx ga}icp jd icbgk|kakdp.sp{ `kdps ixk ajxk ngfknw pj pifk xgsfs ugpb pbkgx

nkixdgde. id` pbkw ixk ajxkngfknw pj fkk} pxwgde {dpgn pbkw s{cckk` "Hxjjfbixp. 8==26 Bippgk ,

Pga}kxnkw.8= =56 Sb{pk. 8==2'$ Pbk xks{nps lxja AcXKNs 8=9= sp{`w gd`gcipk pbip pbk spxipkegks

jl skp!pgde jhokcpg|ks id` }xj|g`gde lkk`hicf bi|k }jsgpg|k ga}icps jd sp{`kdp

0Cnissxjja Gdspx{cpgjd Pbip Ujxfs

icbgk|kakdp$ Pbk 8=9= sp{`w }xj|g`ks sk}ixipk kllkcp sgzks ljx skppgde jhokcpg|ks"=$3

9' id` }xj|g`gde lkk`hicf "=$5<'$ Pbksk pxidsnipk pj }kxckdpgnk eigds jl 98 }jgdps id` 82 }jgdps.

xks}kcpg|knw$ Pbk xsp k`gpgjd jl pbgs hjjf xk}jxpk` icjahgdk` kllkcp sgzk jl =$<9. jx i }kxckdpgnk

eigd jl 83 }jgdps. ljx pbgs cipkejxw$@gllk xkdcks gd kllkcp sgzks aiw xkkcp pbk `gllkxkdp akpbj`jnjegks

{sk` gd pbkpuj sp{`gks. is uknn is pbk sainnkx sp{`w sia}nk sgzk "lj{x sp{`gks xknipk` pjskppgde

jhokcpg|ks6 |k sp{`gks xknipk` pj }xj|g`gde lkk`hicf' id` pbk s}kcgc`kdg pgjds {sk` gd

pbk 8=9= sp{`w pj `kscxghk pbk puj spxipkegks$Sp{ `gks xknipk` pj skppgde jhokcpg|ks ka}bisgzk pbk

ga}jxpidck jl s{}}jxp!gde sp{`kdps is pbkw sknl!sknkcp nkixdgde pixekps. sknl!ajdgpjx

pbkgx }xjexkss.id` sknl!isskss pbkgx `k|knj}akdp "Eniskx , Hx{dspkgd. 8==56 Ajjdkw.

Xwid.[bgde. Xkg`. , K}spkgd. 8==;'$ Ljx kria}nk. gd pbk Eniskx id` Hx{dspkgd sp{`w "8==5'.

0pb exi`k sp{`kdps ubj xkckg|k` gdspx{cpgjd gd uxgpgde spxipkegks id`sknl!xke{nip gjd spxipkegks

"k$e$. ejin skppgde. sknl!isskssakdp . id` spxipkew ajdg!pjxgde' ukxk hkppkx ihnk pj {sk pbkgx

fdjunk`ek ubkd }niddgde id` xk|gsgde i spjxw. id` pbkw uxjpk spjxgks pbip ukxk ajxk cja}nkpk id` jl bgebkx

y{ingpw pbid pbk spjxgks jl cjdpxjn sp{`kdps id` sp{`kdps ubj xkckg|k` jdnw spxipkew gdspx{cpgjd$

Gd i``gpgjd. pbkw xkpigdk` pbk nk|kn jl }kxljxaidck pbkw xkicbk`ip pbk }jsp!pksp j|kx pgak. id` ubkd isfk` pj

xkcinn }ixps jl id jxinnw }xkskdpk`spjxw . pbk spxipkew }n{s sknl!xke{nipgj d sp{`kdps scjxk` bgebkx

jd pbk uxgppkdxkcinn akis{xk pbid `g` sp{`kdps gd pbk jpbkx puj exj{}s$ Pbk sp{`gks xknipk` pj lkk`hicf

{d`kxscjxk pbk ga}jxpidck jl }xj|g`gde lkk`hicf pbip gs gdspx{cpg|k. pgaknw. xklkxkdck` pj pbk icp{in pisf.

id` ljc{sk`jd ubip gs cjxxkcp id` ubip pj `j dkrp "Bippgk , Pga}kxnkw. 8==56 Sb{pk.8==2'$

Pbkw insj i``xkss pbk {sk jl ippxgh{pgjdin id` akpicjedgpg|k lkk`hicf$Ljx kria}nk. i sp{`w

hw Fxiaixsfg id` _kgcbdkx "8==9' gd|kspgeipk` pbk {skjl akpicjedgpg|k lkk`hicf |kxs{s xks{nps

lkk`hicf gd i <pb exi`k aipbkaipgcscni ss is i uiw pj bkn} sp{`kdps fdju ubip pj `j pj ga}xj|k pbkgx }kxljxaidck$Ak

picjedgpg|k lkk`hicf uis }xj|g`k` hw isfgde y{kspgjds pbip skx|k` is c{ksihj{p pbk cjdpkdp id`

spx{cp{xk jl pbk }xjhnka id` uiws pj sjn|k gp$ Xks{npslkk`hic f }xj|g`k` c{ks xknipk` pj pbk din j{pcjak jl

pbk }xjhnka$ Sp{`kdps ubj xkckg|k` akpicjedgpg|k lkk`hicf sgedgcidpnw j{p}kxljxak` sp{`kdps ubj

xkckg|k` xks{nps lkk`hicf. gd pkxas jl aipbkaipgcin icbgk|kakdp id` pbk

;S k p p g d e Jhokcpg|ks id`

]xj|g`gde Lkk`hicf

ihgngpw pj }xj|g`k aipbkaipgcin kr}nidipgjds$ Pbkw ukxk ajxk ngfknw pj }xj|g`kkr}nidipg

jds jl pbkgx aipbkaipgcin xkisjdgde. id` pbjsk kr}nidipgjds ukxkxjh{sp pbkw gdcn{`k` hjpb inekhxigc

x{nks id` |kxhin ixe{akdps$

Cnissxjja ]xicpgck ljx Skppgde Jhokcpg|ks

Ip i agdga{a. skppgde jhokcpg|ks gd|jn|ks cnkixnw cjaa{dgcipgde ubip sp{!`kdps ixk pj nkixd$

Pbk cnissxjja }xicpgcks }xkskdpk` gd pbgs cbi}pkx ka}bisgzkpbip pbkxk ixk i``gpgjdin icpgjds

pkicbkxs sbj{n` pifk pj airgagzk pbgs spxip!kews }jpkdpgin ljx ga}xj|gde sp{`kdp icbgk|kakdp$

Pbkxk ixk lj{x xkcjaakd`ipgjd s ljx skppgde jhokcpg|ks gd pbk cnissxjja? Skp nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks pbip ixk s}kcgc

h{p djp xkspxgcpg|k$ Cjaa{dgcipk pbk nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks pj sp{`kdps id` }ixkdps$ Cjddkcp pbk

nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks pj }xk|gj{s id` l{p{xk nkixdgde$ Kdeiek sp{`kdps gd skppgde

}kxsjdin nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks$ Skp nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks pbip ixk s}kcgc h{p djp xkspxgcpg|k

Pbk }xjckss jl skppgde nkixdgde jhokcpg|ks hkegds ugpb fdjugde pbk s}k!cgc spid`ix`s.

hkdcbaixfs. id` s{}}jxpgde fdjunk`ek pbip sp{`kdps gd wj{x scbjjn jx `gspxgcp ixk xky{gxk` pj nkixd$ Spipk

id` njcin spid`ix`s jx c{xxgc{n{a`jc{a kdps ixk ekdkxinnw pbk sj{xck ljx pbgs gdljxaipgjd$ Jlpkd. spid`ix`s

ixk uxgppkd ip i ligxnw ekdkxin nk|kn$ Gl pbkw ixk djp pjj hxji`. pbkw agebp skx|k isnkixdgde

jhokcpg|ks ip pbk cj{xsk jx {dgp nk|kn$ Jlpkd. pkicbkxs a{sp {d}icf-pbk spipkakdps jl fdjunk`ek gd

pbkgx spid`ix`s `jc{akdp pj `xgnn `jud pjajxk s}kcgc spipkakdps jl fdjunk`ek id` sfgnns pbip cid skx|k is pbk

ljc{sljx gdspx{cpgjdin `ksged id` `kng|kxw$ Ljx kria}nk. is i 3x` exi`k pkicbkx }xk!}ixks pj `ksged id`

`kng|kx uxgpgde gdspx{cpgjd. bk jx sbk agebp kdcj{dpkx pbkljnnjugde 3x` exi`k

spid`ix` id` kr}kcpipgjd?

Spid`ix`?

[sk pbk ekdkxin sfgnns id` spxipkegks jl pbk uxgpgde }xjckss$

Hkdcbaixf?

Uxgpk gdljxaipg|k*kr} nidipjxw pkrp pj kriagdk i pj}gcid` cjd|kw g`kis id` gdljxaipgjd

cnkixnw$Gd pbgs kria}nk. pbk spid`ix` gs uxgppkd ip i |kxw ekdkxin nk|kn$ Pbk hkdcb!aixf spipkakdp gs

ajxk s}kcgc id` cj{n` skx|k is pbk nkixdgde jhokcpg|k ljx i

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79S { a a i x g z g d e id` Djpk Pifgde

pbkw ukxk ubkd pbgs

bi}}kdk`$ Gd inn ngfkngbjj`. xknipg|knw lku }kj}nk ugnn hkihnk pj siw

wks

pj pbk xsp y{kspgjd$ Jl

pbjsk ubj cid. ajsp xk}jxp pbip pbkw nkixdk` bju pj pifk djpks gd ag``nk scbjjn jx kixnw bgeb scbjjn. id` pbk

ajsp cjaajd ljxaip pbkw akdpgjd gs ljxain j{pngdgde$ Inpbj{eb id ixe{akdp cj{n` hk ai`k pbip

ljxain j{pngdks bi|k pbkgx }nick gd jxeidgzgde gdljxai!pgjd. |kxw lku jl {s icp{innw {sk pbgs ljxaip

ubkd uk pxw pj y{gcfnw ci}p{xkgdljxaip gjd `{xgde i nkcp{xk jx }xkskdpipgjd$J dk pkicbkx xkcinns pbk

xsp pgak sjakjdk icp{innw pi{ebp bkx bju pj pifkdjpks$Dj jdk pi{ebp ak i {skl{n djpk!pifgde

akpbj` {dpgn aw bgebscbjjn hgjnjew cniss$ Pbk pkicbkx uj{n` skp {} bkx j|kxbki` }xjokc!pjx "pbgs uis gd

pbk 2=s' id` spixp nkcp{xgde$ K|kxw pgak sbk bgp {}jd ifkw }jgdp jx ngsp. bjuk|kx. sbk` spj} id` uxgpk

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Classroom Instruction That Works, 2nd Edition

"In 2001, Classroom Instruction That Works inspired more than a million teachers to refine their approach to teaching by asking and answering these questions: What works in... (More) 1,475 Reads Info and Rating Category: Books - Non-fiction Rating: Upload Date: 01/13/2012 Copyright: Attribution Non-commercial Technology teachers standards teaching Tags: methods lesson plans 2nd edition (more tags) Flag document for inapproriate content

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Setting Objectives and Providing Feedback Reinforcing Effort and Providing Recognition Cooperative Learning Cues, Questions, and Advance Organizers Nonlinguistic Representations Summarizing and Note Taking Assigning Homework and Providing Practice Identifying Similarities and Differences Generating and Testing Hypotheses Instructional Planning Using the Nine Categories of Strategies References Index About the Authors

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