_

MCR.78-517 NAS9-14593

Users'
Guide
__ II II II I I ! I I II --_ III II

May
II I[

1978

Manned Maneuvering Unit

{NASA-C_-I5186_) [;SEA'S GUID[ HC _0%t_ A01

MANNED (_artir_

iIANF.'JVEHIHG Corp.)

UNIT: 73 CSCL p 05_I

N79-

16553

Marietta

Onclas 63/54 43558

MCR.78-517
Users'

Contract Contract

NAS9.14593 Statement of Work Item

Guide MANNED MANEUVERING UNIT

May 1978

Paraglaph 3.3,2

Prepared

by:

J, A. Ler;da Systems Projec!, Engineer Martin Marietta

Approved

by:

'
Program Manager Martin Marietta

_sch Contract Technical NASA-Johnson Monitor Space Center

C, E. Whitsett Subsystem Manager NASA-Johnson Space Center MARTIN MARIETTA CORPORATION

P.O. BOX 179 Denver, Colorado 80201

FOREWORD

This Pre]lminary ]_t..lities document in accordance,

document De._ign description was pr_l)ared with NAS9-14593, be directed Josephson, Lenda, Whitsett,

was

prepared Lo orbital Martin "A",

as

part

of

the

Manned

blaneuvel;in_; data and and studies. m_d paragraph this is a

U1_il: capaTho submitted 3,3.2 document of

Contract for by Exh:ll)lt

provide mission Marietta SI:atement or questions 8

,qpplicatlons plmming Corporation of Work, concerning

Gontract should J. d. C.

Comments to the Martin _Iartt.n followln

per,_omle]: Aerospace--(303) 973-3000; 973-3000; 683-5536.

T. A. E.

Marietta

Marietta

Aerospace--(303) Space Center--(713)

NASA-Johnson

ii

ABBREVIATIONS

AND

ACRONYMS

AAH ASMU CEA CM DCN AP AV EMU EVA fps FSS GN 2 kg LDEF blblU PLSS psi RHC RMS STS THC tmi n

automatic automa_ical].y control center dlsp]ays delta delta

att[tudc stabilized electronics of .lass and pressure velocity, controls

hold mancuvertn_ assembly unit

module,

of

EMU

equiv..lent mobility activity unit

in

translation

ex_ravehlcular extravehicular feet flight gase(,.s kilograms Long manned primary pounds Durntlon maneuw, life per per second

support nitrogen

station

Exposure ring support inch unit

Facility

system

square hand

rotational remote Space

controller system System controller for _flJ translation (orbiter)

manipulator Transportation hand curve,

translational minimum t_me

iii

CONTENTS

Foreword

. and

......

0 .... ...................

....

....

il iit

Abbreviations Contents

Acronyms

....................

......

iv _hru vi

I ,0

INTRODUCTION

...................

1 thru 3

2.0

MMU

EVA

UTILITY

.................... thru

4 1.3

3.0 4.0

USER

CHARGES

...................... CAPABILITIES .................

].4 15 1.5 ......... 16 23 and 24 25 25 28 28 29 3O 30 38 39 thru 5O

FUNCTIONAL

4.1 4.2 4,3

_|aneuvering Work Site Operational

Capability Aids/Anciliary Guidelines

............... Equipment ...............

5.0

OPERATING

SEQUENCE

...................

5.1 5,2 5.3 5.4 6,0

Donning Flight Ingress _

and Mode and

Egress ................. .................... Doffing ................

Servicing

................... .................

CONSUMABLES

PARAblETRICS

6.1 6,2 6.3

Propellant Consumption Parametries ......... Power Consumption Parametrics ........... App]Ication to Typical MbIU Scenarios ........

APPENDIX

A--_

Technical

Description

............

51. 51 58

A,I A.2

Hardware _IU Mass

Design Properties

.................. ................

iv

CONTE_ffS _Continued[

A,3 _LMU Propurtlus ................ Mass

A.4 APPI<ND1X MMU F]ight B--EVA Instrumentation .................. ............. (klldc,]tn_,s

58 61. 64
anO

65 APPFNI)]X C--Reference 1)oeument,_ ............... 66

Figure

Space Beam 4 5 6 7 B 9 i0 ii 12 13 14 15 16 17 iB 19 2O 21 22 23

Shuttle Builder

bhmned Inspection Repair Replacement with

Maneuvering with wltb _IU b_lU _}U

Unit

(I_)

.......

3 9 9 i0 i0 i0 i0 II ll

Satellite

..............

................... .............

Experiment LI)EF

Servicing

................. Item . , .......... ..............

_IU Carrying Small Satellite S(_rvlcing

Equipment wi_h M_I

}_Us Transporting Beam Structure Alignment Task Rescue from Unstabilized Rescue Shuttle Skylab from Unstabilized with Mission Small with of _IU

................. ................ Orbiter with RNS Orbiter with _

........ ........

Ii i] ]2 12

Rescue Reuse

................. ..................

Deploy/Retrieve Cable M_ Deployment Use in

Free-Flying _ ................ Large

Satellite

with

_IU

13 13

Assembly

Antennae

..........

13 13 17 18 19 21 Sit<, . . 22

Space Consgruction with _U ............... B_IU Cargo Attachments - Side Grapplers ......... _ Use b_tU _ Cargo Attachments - Front Mount of Soft Tether between MMU and Temporar_ Restraint Arms Folded Down to Locations i_ System Provide Bay ........... Work Site ......

............. Access to Work with Airlock/Tunnel

FSS/b_IU

Cargo

24 25 26 27 28

Adaptor ......................... b_IU Activities at FSS .................. Percent Fuel Consumed vs Total AV ............. MMU Travel Time versus Distance Distance vs Distance (Cargo (Cargo (v
max

26 27 34 = 0) . . , 35 36 3?

Weight Weight = ]% .

_IU Travel T_me versus Percent Fuel Consumed fence .................

lO0 ibs) Total Dis-

........

CONTENTS

_(Concluded

Figure

(Continued)

29 30

Typical Orbiter MMU Translation

Exterior Inspection Route for Actiw[tios

Route at a

using Fixed

MMU . . Worksite

41

31 A-I A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 A-8

Identified during LDEF Stahil] zatlon

the Inspection Phase ................... ................. ......... of of 2) 2)

.........

42 46 52

MMU Functional Diagram Manned Maneuvering Unit MMU MMU Major Subsystems (i (2 in

........

53 54 55 57 -58 59 6]

.............. .............. Bay ..........

>la_o_t Subsystems Conf_guratlon

MMU/FSS _U

Payload System for

Reference Centers

Coordinate of Mass with

............. Syste;n Torques ....... ......

Typical AAH Limit

EMU/MMU

Cycling

No

Disturbance

Table

MNU

Flight

Characteristics Times (One Way)

............... and Propellant Usage CG versus

15

_hMU Travel

Distance and Cargo Weight Translation in Automatic _IU Power MMU Consumption Mission

................ Attitude Hold with ............ ............. Change

32 Offset . 33 38 4O 43 thru 45

Parametrics Description and Direction

Typical Estimated

Distance

.........

7 8 9 A-I

LDEF

Stabilization Mass Transfer During

................... ................. 5-||our Controls EVA and Task .......... ........

47 48 49 63

Multiple Fuel MMU

Consumed

Instrumentation

Displays

vi

MANNEDMANEUVERINGUNIT USERS' GUIDE..................

1.0

INTRODUCTION

The tend them and ct,

Space enhance operate

Shuttl_ tho

will cr,:,_.,,'s

provide inlwrent .tltsJdc

an

unpr,-_cedc'nted _n spacecraft the ,,.,.I.th

opp<_rtunl.ty orbit by Shuttle [lltt_gl';1] (_,e Fig. wi 1 I

bay

to

ex-

capabilities of For this tho]l" rolv s_uJt

by

hi]owing of w:Ll.l, suppol-t The the t" or crew

;IFly

cffttcLiveJy ac_Lvity to n doll add

metros crew l[f_. I).

e>;travehtcu]ar a llew, easter and

(EVA). opor;it,.,

hove

_;poce

system_ backpack, to part ture. of opt.rate of

._;c].f-cont;_tned the the' manned conflm,

pv,_pu.[sive nmncuvering s; of t,r lllobi.] Itv t(, thc

hackp;_ck UllJ t ,Shuttie

ca.[led beyond lahe:i_r This own

(i_IM[!), (.;)1"gn

nl low
,)Hid

fly

spac<,cr;fft

nearby be

f. rcc-flylng used o_to ,,;upport

pnyl.oads a w:idc

strucvariety inadd as-

i.ndcpend'nt /ncludi.ng

wi]l

activities
lind

fr,,c--spa,:e,
of ogbiga]

tr;m:;f,,r
opel'_ti(lns_

cnrgc_
;_lld

nnd
t'(Hl.qtrtl('t[oll

personnel,

speck[on

lllOlll.to_',[ng,

sembly

of The

],.n'ge ,_IU available _s

structur_ being to developed Shuttle are Sky]ab the current

in

orbit. by users bnsed the as oll a:_ was program hand maneuver features auxiliary restraints. end i:; also of used the for a the port Space stand;_rd suc(:essfu] of dertv.'d at the the b1509 through Johnson for to automatic outlets, The Shuttle b_iU and nmneuvering cp, rgo donning/doffing bay the Shuttle service. orbl. tal progrm:l The office projected testa conunit l'oCenter. thu gas staand

will HNU ducted

be support

caF;d)illttes the and

during

missions design

maneuverin_ an extensive Space inputting cold attitude attachmen unit at a

c.xp_riment, search The pilot's thruster bilization, pro,visions stowed flight servicing for blNU mad Js

technology operated

development through and Other orea rotation design lights, or in the worksitu forward which scp;_rnte

controllers commands include poxeer

transl.ation system. work for launch

cargo

is

:-upport on-orbit.

station

and

-,TJ "_: I..'T"

-,-----. ...............................

.,,-r- .......

_--=-

Tile tial and tions _!U to

purpose user provide to

of

_hls

document the for utility

_s

to of

provide th_ _

info_at_on for specific plans 2.0 Section of for this 3.0

for

the

poten-

assess

applications, _U opera-

guidance of those

dev=lopin[:

preliminary Section and

in

support several

applications. of }_U utility, and

document

describes user sented

ezamples _ID 4.0

dlscusses are pre-

charges. in

.The

functional and A 5.0.

operating

characteristics parametrics are technical of

Sectlons 6.0.

Consumables a more data. in

illustrated d_scriptlon EVA

ifi Section of the _IU,

AppendS>: mass for

provides properties reference

detailed A listing B.

including is provided

general

guidelines

Appendix

\
\

r_ z

{-.-,
"-_l "-"----_ .... " .... _..---" :/\

,-,s_

"x ....
__ __.-

i ........
, .

_,

/u_-- .......
/,,/
"_,

" --_ . ._-

;,_

t_

c_
e_

;R ".,',__.':;__;_7.'_ _s ......j

-_.:_-'..'-'. _ _:.-_.,

..............

2.0

MMU EVA UTILTTY

Th_ and nlng orbital which by the can is

NMU i_

provtdcd for use

by by

NASA as any in and the

Space: on It

Shuttle any can

EVA support scheduled be used for mtssiml

_cluipment bc..g:in..

available operational operation._ be

payload 1981. EVA rescue a:;ststan_'e of

wlth

flights supp,_rt, with

EVA support, ta_ks only

operations. of and tasles the' by MNU ar_ the

Specific limited

performed

funct-lona] apply to below. EVA S_ a. b. External the

capabilities STS program.

Lhe unit Typh:a]

EVA guideltn.?s the MMU cnn s,pport

whfch are Shuttle

whirh

listed

.... inspection phot of ography/t, the Orbiter; levi.st on.

Do.numen tary

Payload b.
C

dc.ploymcnt

or retrieval;

Adjustment Retrieval Servicing Replacement

of instruments; and replacement of film, coatings, emulsions;

d.

free-flying of failed and

payloads; modules; lenses;

f g h i

Cleaning Assembly Routing

sensors of large of cables

structures; or lines between discontinuous points;

Application Removal

of spray

coatlngs; protective and corrective covers; action.

J
k.

of contamination assessment

Malfunction

Crew t_escue S_
a. Support situation b. Provide a rescue the transfer involving a means of crewznembers orbiter; of crewmembers and equipment in and equipment in a re_cue

a stable for the

transfer

situation

involving

a tumbl:Ing orbiter.

-_-_ -"--.r- _ ...............................

The nlember as

fol]ow_ng can perform of F_IU by 2 Tile correct by shows

illustrations wil:h utility, 1:he support and users,

deptct of to aid

vnrious tile in MMU. the

_'asks They

which are of

an

EVA

crew here task

presented other

examples

gener_ltlon

poss:l.bil.ikies Figure spection. a for sample, retrieval h Figure the The panel first repair 3, One bolts,

potential a tree.ember

in also

MMU approaching photograph or the s_abilize

satellite

for retrlew:

in-

crewmember a the deployment Orbiter.

might

satel.ltte_ the

malfunction,

satellite

operation crewmember while

being

conducted utilizes a

on

beam

builder power

is wrench the

depicted to

in remove

reaettonless

the uses

second only control is

erewmember ,_ waist arms supplied is tether folded from in automatic

photographs and down one of handhold for the

procedure, to maintain at ancillary while photothe work

crewmember and Power The the Figure Long of to and the 5 has for the the

position, area, outlets. graphing In to the

FNU wrench

access b_lU

second repair 4, a

cretcmember operation. crm,_nember Exposure A in

attitude

hold

_IU

is

transporting for

an

experiment into the

tray

Duration the

Facility second

(LDEF)

placement crewmember as much

structure the (80 shows Figure the LDEF kg)

satellite. The easily

MMU-equipped tray by may the weigh F_U. and

waits as 175 the

at ibs

assist. can be

experiment transported at

Note front

that

figure

MMU shows

cargo the

attachments two crmcmembers a of a

the

side

being for of

utilized. placement minimizing the Orbiter The without retrieval spacecraft, (P_IS) to the ot in

positioning has the or of

the

tray

LDEF

structure. contamination maintaining allows or is

Such

technique the

advantage spacecraft

potential RCS, MblU by thus

experiments distance to be In be

from

standoff servicing the

several

hundred on the

yards. LDEF

normal by

accomplished those

approach of if LDEF

capture required, prior

Orbiter. can by

instances to stabilize

where the system rates

the to

MMU

utilized remote has

necessary, an

capture capture

the

manipulator tumble

after LDEF.

unsuccessful

attempt

imparted

l
_-:_ :.iT*:_ ..........................

I"J_,_l/}%" 6 vl)allg{'ouL ll:(n,, pt.rf(,rm(.d lt'tl!;iVt' n :-:;)tel a 'Jh(, .ill

i.].]tl_tratc,n a _at(.,ll.I.te, of rep],'iclng the ). tank, w(mJd require ut{]{z:lng ]l.k_.ly tin('

ere_,q$1ep, lhel" A ,'4]mp.lc, l:h( _ of

(:al'Fy/r'l_ wa.lsL tethr.):" in wu)'ksit:(' rttl)]ai'emellL w()rksJt{, re:_tratut the

_ll])/_ap(, In utJ]J.ze(l

CTH_;_utto to could carry be A more modu]t.

l:[J_lJl'e 7

]:_Ir the (.,a,_Ily ex|)1

Lask without

cassette

satellite restr;3Jnts. (if ;lil

addttJona] ;as [lie

s{'rvlt'tll[ lite,

sucl,

t.quiplnent

addLtional, n
SUCh

restra.tnts, to J'tmt is provide rentl'al.nt of n

sh_,v.'.s p,lylonds facilitate such ._atul.ltte down lights a

cre_ember wl. II

foot :tll

support. nystem transp,>rtin>:

Mnnt l(,

C(llltain tasks;

[nLcgra] the FDIU

nerv]c[ng t'estra[nt ntructu,:e. tn al.tm,, be'lug cJnser used to to

hmvever, work 8_te fol" also the the are shown

cap;/ble into the and

the The

pl.seemellL d_,plctn

receptacle arms FDIU

on

thv

figure to

FIFIU control shews the

folded

access ]lluminnte in The can bIMUn

work work

area) site.

flood-

Two ture in

cre_,m_embers Figure 8. and structure. weigh_ a is beam.

trannporting their beam, beam ks). 9. which sho_,.: The The

heam movements is

acronn by

:1 ntru('v,)ice

crm,cnembers easily For position example) 11 Lank cable lbs in

coordil_ate the the (5 Figure

communication _vithin long and the

very feet

lightweight, (30 are at by meters) sho_,'n the the :_econd

is

150

approximately alignment

crm,nnembers crm,nnember being made

performil:g theodolite crewmember.

directing

ten._:ton

adjustments

Figures cue in the

I0 case the

and where

11

illustrate the the disabled only tangential

the

uti]ity vehJc]e is method

of not

the

blblU stabilized.

for

Shuttle In rescue. may exceed hatch RMS

re_such a ,\s

.,;ituation) the figures feet

MblU is

practica] ve]ocities of the of

of at the

effecting hatch the with the seemed

illustrate, per to second the

several the be

because center

distance

from Rescue of the

side the

of x_ill

Orbiter difftcult of off the at

vehicle of

gravity. and

hecause the a RFIS. safer

thin

ve]ocity with while A the the

because

limited Orbiter maneuv,'rs in

reach to to in

enve].epe stand achieve

Rescue distance velocity.

bhMU a]]c_ws rescue rescue

cre_.nnember operation

required

Shuttle

shnwn

F_guro rescut' Orbiter,

.12,

The

cvewmember 'l'hu 51MF can

in

the

_,_IU ;_.pport

carries rup;llr

m_other or

cra_nel_ber _a.lvago of an

in

tbo

;q_lwl*t',

;I].-'o

abandoned

The material the the has Mb1Us

MML' would sall_ples A using docked shown to

be because safe the

invalu_)b]e of 0pproach MblU, An is the Suvh for p];mned a ft._ for

to

revLsit to

Skylab ma))euver of

for to SkyJ.ab

the m3y can where 'Ix.so a section to

retrieval position be the made

of on frolrj

ability Inspection revts_ in

v.hlc]e, Orbiter: b_''n are

early depl('ted Skyl;,h shield reu._e or the

mission) Figure with he required in ].3,

Orbiter ID t_ me1.11o

Skyl_,b_

crewlnembers of protec_

appro;lehlng shteJd,

worksh()p may

t_'orofd/therma] workshop environment

missions

Sky]ab. can be ]4. deployed This

Sm_i].l fr_,_-fJ, yh3g or retriuved can in by be the a

satell_tes in

experiment I,IML') as

p_Ickages shown

cross-member utl]ized event cost deploy of

in Figure or as a

technlque procedure the RMS.

_Is _l planned failure or to

operation ,lchlevo

contingency with

deployment/retrieval packages specif': the dl,stance

F_>r Jew c_u]d perform remove have for of

payloads the

experiment at on a

MMU-equipped from the

crewmember Orbiter, sensors, cient data

equipment procedures return As to a

activation COVERS) been and

the

experiment the package

(e.g., after

<>tend suffi-

retrieve contingency the MMU

coiJected. or

deployment/retrieva] provides a higher proB-

technique ability

satellites

experiments) success.

complete

mission

Figure through the front a

15 large of

depicts

several

cre_nembers The cable leaving Connecting aid of the reels the

stringing ate

support to hands cables it can

cabling the _tFIU at to be more

structure. control

attached

the hand

arms,

cre_ember's crossmember

free may

operate easJJy vet is a

the

controllers. with the the

accomplished and which within is

F_IU because and

safely

_aaneucables

around task

complex

structure, to automate.

because

stringing

very

difficult

Maneuvering Figure costs ]6) and can

unit

use

in

the the

assembly assembly

of

large

antennae) thus

as

shown

In

demechanize a higher

procedure) of complete

reducing

program

achieving

probability

mission

success.

't

OF pO(Jt_

w" .....

ORIGINAL PAGE IS OF pOOR QUALITY

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Fi_ure

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,_;i_ttle ileL'.cue with

,',',MU

Figure

13

Skylab

Reuse

Mission 12

, >

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3.0

USER

CHARGES

The will be

bllU devel(_pmcl%t charged only a is

will nominal in

he

funded for to

by each other

the

Shutt].u on costs

program whlc.h

m_.d users the FIMU Is to pay-

fee

mission laullch The

emp.loycd. ]o;_ds all

'l'h]._fee to

add_ti_m NASA both user

charged fee

according

e, stab]Jshed including of per

policy. flight and for Use this

_IU

user

incl,des

nlJss](_n Current

costs_

ground

operations. EVA arc In EVA the would range put

_,stlmat<'s to $I00,000 in

charges

Shuttle MMU with Within and

of the deal NASA

$60,000 user on will

mission. end to of be

(_f an

during exact this

cost

the' upper tasks the

range,

charges price manned unit and support, equipnlent

depenrange maneuvercommunicrew and

thc_ specific provide and

performed. functions

following equipment,

hardware: nlobility operations support

_.ng unit cations activity training

support

extravehicular planning, f]ight

equipment, p].anning, art_ not

F_IU mission and included training. Jn this

Mission-uniqua, price range.

NOTE

TO

USERS: this

As

additional will be

STS be

costing

information and updated. as soon

becomes Addias

available, tional those cost

section will

expanded to STS

figures are

forwarded by the

users MMU

figures

generated

and

programs.

14

4,0

FUrEI'IONAL

CAPABILITIES

'lhc
LI_;]II,_ the.'

H;lnncd

:,iancuw,

ring
_irld

Unit
YOt;ltJon,_ll

i:s Ol;erated
]l;llld

directly
colltro].]er_,

by

the

(:rewmembc_r,

trll1,_.'l;_L]Oll_1]

.c_J.;-:-d(g.re_-of-

frec, d_nl_ (3
lll;lIng:dillcd
Mlly .S|llg].('

u:.;es
il_
f;Jl

In

trmls]atdon, to
IlOt

3 axes inputs.
the

:i.n r_)tatton) The

crewmonlber

cun:mand fall-safe_
from

authority
SUC.]I
to

I_ tlmt

r_.,sponse
lUl'V does

nmnuaJ preclude

HNU t,_

returlllllp,

the the

Orbiter flight is ) t m

with

fu].l

six-degree-of-freedom of in tlw MNU, and A of this

control. a more document.

TaMe detailed

1 _ummarizes technical de._-

chara('I:er:istJcs cont;lined

cr]ption ;"-1:;'.,

Appendix

.'.'?';.' /:,!2tfilt

C'hv):,..;'.,"J'/::t?,:;:, Control Piloting Logic Controller Controller Multiple Axis Commands and Rotation Control (Left (Right Hand) Hand) Authority

Six-Degrees-of-Freedom Spacecraft-type 3-Axis 3-Axis

Translational Rotational or

Independent Pulse or (Direct) Attitude

Conlmands

Continuous Translation Hold

e e

Manual Automatic

Deadband Inertial I Response e Translational Rotational

Adjustable Drift less

+_0.5 than

to

+__2.0

O.01/sec

Acceleration Acceleration for Thruster 10.0

0.3

+0.05 +3.0/sec

ft/sec 2

Audio

Feedback

Operation

15

4,2

Work The

Site

AidslAnclllnrv provlslnns

E qu_ii?_[f_u}_ t,i attach cargo ;il].tltq contr.liers. loci<able from _:ontro]]ers, suit call tc_ be w;il,;l; ln_unted a e;ich arms :tide Soft rlnl,, tit smaller fly the equ:/pmellt cl'owlp, t!mbt_l-is Three with of types gr;tpp]ing tht_ tethers or thu the end cargo blM!J to can for |Transhands of atend hold be s;ldl., of item of

M_'IU eollta:tns m_lneuvers, free ace (see to

port to

dnrtng retail:In

'rh,,se
operLitc: lahv

;ltt;lf'hlllt'lltS blblU hand

tachments effectors cargo ;ittached the each directly HHI.J, hand In

available. Fig. of the and cnl'go 1.8) call be]me and attaehlllellt housing of the

Telescoplng_ be the to the' extended harld

frent to

i)rossuro

l:lntllly_ contro].ler in front

mech_lilisms (see crm_em.ber's 1.'lg..19)

carry

hgllld.<;.

These transport system hundred for ing Iota] to the Is of

attachment re]attvely

provisions small however_ of eases. gravity Exact (e.g., and location. (].ess

are

generally than 50 lbs) ]nrger bmltl

[ntendud cargo masses system which are constralnts)_

to items,

a]

low The

easy MMU several

capable, in in additional requirements mas_ center

transporting The and the

(up

to

pounds) changes such task cargo

specific of cargo,

control

compensates from attachon in addit_nn the

torques criteria time

result dependent

l:[miti.ng dtstances_

The be utilized

electrica] to to 2 amps operate the

system tools site has

of or

the

blMU provides other equipment

auxiliary at Two by the task

power site,

which once

can

translation 28V to DC the at

been

accomplished. is operated a over

power a

outlets

supply

maximum; in

each

outlet ]n is

switch which of 6.2

accessible provides the of crew-

cre_,_nember work in gives site the

flight.

addition, mounted A, Figure

floodlight each shou]der Section

local member guide

ilium[nation MMU (see on Appendix power

A-2).

this

details can be

consumption to establish Fig.

parametrics. a 20). soft A attachment temporary between the between system the is the also the

Tethers crex,_nember/>_IU available work site. to

utilized work site a more is

and

(see rigid

establish This syst-em

attachment to allow

MbIU and to apply

designed

crm,m_ember

16

t_

18

rt_

r_

E_

,_...

.%

f 9

':i

or

torque_

(set, restraints by user, the or

Fig.

21). may be at

It

shou]d requ.Lred the ;-he f_.r sJte. work

be If

,_ot_,d J.rge 'I'he,_e site. support

that forces restraints A

addlti_nal or torques mu.'-,t of JSC.-I[)6i5,

,...,_rk

._ile be

dedicated appJied by t:he

mu_;_ he

cre_n_ernber b_ bulJ.t is and on which clearnnce Figure 22

:_.prH_,.,d

t.nto

vm_o_y (see

,ql.;mdm:d ",_]mtl'],

Shutl;le EVA

equipment 1)e._cr_l)tJon The arms provide

avat];_b]e l)es:lgn the

such

Crite_:l;_"), blblU for shows h;,nd the. an C.Olltr_i'i_rs crewmember appJ._cation can bt' t,, of kltted nrt: m_mnted the. r'apabi] Into the _:ma worllty, 51;.1li if i:_ht, D,Id_.d ;41to

d.wn more

to

;ippl*oach _als

cJoseJ.y, Additional

functlomd

capalH]ity

quired and

by

specific aids

operational can be. attached away have

mission. to from not the the been will Shutt.l.e

Additlon;l] base.l:ine Orbiter

propol]ant MMU systen_ to

tanks alllow de,sets of

navigation

extended sign should the

excursions for

farther these kits

vehicle.

Although _IU part

concepts

fim_lized, become fl:Ight

potential as

be, awa_:e

that

such

c;_pablllty as the

:_wliJ.able progrm_

basic

F_IU configuration

progresses.

20

TBD

Figure

22

#_IU Temporary

Restraint

System

2i

OF_IG_f_AL f,,

2_

'rile w.hl::lv _,.'[ I:h S_S the wilhill the m.issf_m .qkylab t-

},;_.:_,ltlJt. pvrf_vlll ,"lblU ;ire rtll,.,s_ bi5()9

HbR' a

dt.sigl, wide d

i_l'c_vidt,s val:i_.ty hy guide] ,d5

I_ut.enti_.ll orbit;l] tlDd and

,\11

u'.;tr.,; actJvitl.es. constraints thv operations ill Appv|ldix f|lght

wl.th

versa|

11_.

Op.rati.ns resu]t [ng from .f pl;um_.d

b'-v,'rnt

Iiles

l,lbIL' desl_,u
lllilllOUV_.!r[l,['_

phlloSol)hY,
Nys[olll,

expvrlence lllUSt B, bt.

bibli'

these,

Fuld_.[i_l_.s

itll_!

l:h_,,_,

d_,s,'l'ib_.d

l:xtravehlcul;ir ar_, conducted assembly. by

activitt<.s, crewmember,_ Itlform;lt.t_on ch;|r;icter:lstlcs The ] imitation

lncluditlg _,,earJng l'egglrd]ng call major .f be the

those 1-'.MU, the the obtained

which

utilize

the suit/llf_.,

b_iqF,

pressure prebreath.lng referring of consumables

,supp,,rt and c.'-ib]e the s_ngle

EML", hy

times, to the appl I'HU for iol1 any

purforlnallce

EI,1U docume|_t;itiol). ."I,_IU is EVA, the six-hour

_perat_ve life

constraint suppc)rt

Although tal'linat[ng_ (apFroxlmately payload acceptable the

the'

}}lg Ebll: .life

cold

gas support per level

propu.lsi{)n system hour). and In type does

system vent

is

essentially vaw)r for is t_

nonconspace

water all cases

1 operations, limits.

lh

water this

almost of

svccific well witnl.n

contamination

Typically, by the mission from

EVA

operations

are

conducted other the the not

by trained

the

Orbiter

pJ].ot are to

and pre-

specialist, EVA. familiar exercises and

although It with wi]] is

personnel

not

c]uded these rcn.] tions

performing are

user's tasks be to to

responsibility be performed. Detailed

insure

personnel time of training the

NormaJly_ descripthai% the bIMU be

conducted. be

procedures be required, of

equipment

utillzed--other training for the

itself--will the

however. Shuttle

Flight program.

bh_IU will

responsibility

the

The which not be

_}IU cannot forces a

be and

effectively torques can

utilized be exerted; which

as

stable is, forces

platform the or }_IU

from should

large

that large

considered

mechanism

through

torques

23

can be reacted Section however, The MMU free 4,1

to do work. are

Additional iu such such

restraints, cases, The occur

as described MMU

in

above,

required loads

can be utilized simple tasks.

to counter can also

light

as might massive 6.0).

during when

effectively forces (see

transport Section

objects

operating

of external

24

5.0

OPERATING

SEOUENC_E .........................

F(_r the the (PLSS) The (FSS) airl.ock

normal

orbital crm,nnember

operations egresses bay. proper handholds forward

during from Thu

which the primary

_be airlock Jtfe within

I,_!U will of the

be

utl]ized at

EblU-equipped forw:_rd backpack cr<._nember which (see is Fig. end of

Orbiter system pressure

the

payJoad the vi'_ at the

support the

provides translates located 23).

environment to end of the the

stlJl:. Star:Ion the

blbiU

FJ_ght

Support bay near

payload

The no more

entire titan 20

sequence minutes

of t_

egress perform.

tasks,

summarized

below,

wil]

require

Egress

from

alrloek stow any

into

payload

bay

at

_IU/FSS such as

location. cameras, tool.'_,

Temporarily portable work

support or the and

equipment repair kits.

stations_ from

Reconfigure orbital

MMU

launch/entry prep tank for

configuration

for

use

in

operations, propellant of

donning. and perform visual

Verify

supply

pressures,

inspection Attach Don Power Verify Release Perform Proceed the up EVA _IU

._DIU. equipment all _o the MMU.

support and MMU.

verify

interfaces.

Lhe

instrumentation MMU from FSS.

and

conduct

checkout

of

_IU

systems.

in-flight with

checkout flight

of

control

systems.

}}IU/EVA

operations.

After visual if

transferring of is the the

to

the

FSS,

the

crewmember the (see unit. Section the

performs Battery 5.4). cent_rline

initial replacement, The of crewthe

checkout

bDRJ while at turning this

facing t-ime

required, dons

performed bIMU by

member

around

to

face

25
t

4_-

_ _.-z- - ,,-_

............

26

p;zy],,nd

bay

:rod

h_c,l'lnv

irlttJ

the,

I,IMU Immn(.od

cm

the

FSS

(see

YI_:,.

2Z_a),

(a)

(b)

- '.,

5ERVIClNO (PROPELLANT CHARGt}

(c)

Latcbc_ p]ot('S at3 the EMU

oJ_ (_,;m(:h s'Fde oI1 _._ac)l ._Jd_.!

(inside) o]" t]le

of P],SS.

the AI: Lhc

chrusLcr Lb:is point the

towors the FMU

engogc data is

,_tr/ke]" lnt-ei'face (via and of tbe

optJcal

_'onl_cctlon) can

between the

MblU nnd and

e_tablJsh-d, (DCM) A),

cl:ewmemher to verify

ut:ilize and

disp.lay

controls (see

module

>h_I['powe_"

fuel

qu_mtittes

Appendix

Tl3e astronaut/EblU/blMU operatio_ 2&b). The of the release then the

syst_ m lever.s

is

released near

from each out of

the

FSS

by

manual (see bay. Fig. An

].ocnted rs

I,'SS handrail t(xe payload Jn the

crewmember check of the would of

maneuw, system to

upward is

op_:ratlona] vicinity This all check six

b_lU prior

accomplished

immediate operat]_ms. rotations bold in

Orbiter, involve

beginning brief vote

t:he seheluled translations to verify and

commandIBg up the

axes,

atld powering

gyros

attitude

operation,

1t ing bay, same. reserved

sbou].d

be

1_oted

that

alghough possible

several Jn the to 48

a_rlock, forward

tunnel, end the of

and the remain

dock_aylo:_d the _ay) is

module the

conf[guratlons FSS location and

are the

procedures forward

utilize _nches are of

_IU

A speciflc (X
O

envelope - X
O

(the when

the

payload on any

579

62_)

EVA

eperatJ(;as

planned

missions.

27

5.2

Flight

Mode

Control commands grips ted tem which Judge the MMU as and is as

of

the

MMU

in in

the six

flight axes by

mode

is

direct. the be

The hand

astronaut controller or inhibisysllnk cues to flight,

accelerations required.

displacing hold between can the

Automatic The only

attitude interfac_ during The

initiated

required. the Orbiter of

astronaut/EMU/_IU communications only maneuvers. to continually can then visual

vehicle the EMU. and the

EVA

is

a voice utilizes MMU DCM

part

crewmember during on

relative erewmember fuel and as

velocity utilizes power

distance displays The user

During

the

assess be ac-

consumption. by the

mission Section

assignment 2.0).

complished

defined

(see

5.3

In_ress On

and

Doffin_ of FSS. the tasks By the crewmember into MMU the and by returns support to the Orbiter the engage passage if recrew

completion the

and

approaches engages to the

backing the released the

structure, which to allow

member the back MMU

latches PLSS are

between then into to that

FSS.

Latches

the

crewmember Propellant

through is are latch

the

airlock prior in

Orbiter. the

recharge, The MMU-to-PLSS from on the

quired, latches if are the

performed fail on smfe either

entering the

alrlock. can

crewmember

disengage the fit of latches through the

the both

unit sides

side the

releases. MMU is this

Nominally designed will be to part

released. it is not

(Although intended

airlock operation-

latch, al

that

normal

sequence.)

The complete than

sequence is

of

tasks

performed The if

after doffing required).

MMU

flight

operations will require

are no more

summarized (plus to MMU down MMU the to

below. recharge, FSS.

sequence

5 minutes Return Lock Power Doff

FSS. MMU.

28

R_:,mow, Recharge Secure

EVA

suppt_rt

equl.pment t_n_ks

from (see

M_IU. 5.4),

prop(-'l]._mt b_'tU for entry.

Secti_m

5.4

MMU The

Servici_/!_ blMU can Spare used be serviced batteries_ batteries Two fully load in by _i slng]e crewmember wh_le It crew is mounted

in can them

the

FSS.

stowed the

:In the

pressurized rep];Jcement provide 540

compartment, takes less of

replace 5

5_IU;

bat_.ery

m_nutes. the

charged is 30

batteries watt.'_. airlock are required

watt

hours if

power; ]s

nomln_:l in

bIMU the Up to

(Battery of the to

recharge, Orbiter establlsh

required, the EMt!

accomplished system.

pressurized ]6 hours

using a full

recharge

charge.)

Recharge the from the _IU (see in FSS the using

of a

the

_IU

nitrogen nitrogen

pl-ope_lant supply

tanks (3,000

can psi the valve

be

performed

at

pressurized A quick the

m_3ximum) connection ; mounted

available between on the

Orbiter. supply FSS 24c). i0 are

disconnect _|L,. to Gages monitor

establishes and and of toggle control

Orbiter and the

and

utilized Propellant

repressurizatlon c;m be completed

Figure than

recharge

both

tanks

less

minutes.

Since tial from ground the

the

Orbiter of will 135 fps

supply the _IU

(3,000 (4,500 be velocity

psi psi), 80 to

maximum) the i00

is delta

less

than

the

ini-

charge

velocity A full

available ground charge

recharge ii0 to

typically delta

fps.

provides

capability.

29

'
....

_. _ .COr:#_U_M_,BLLS2A ............................................................ _,2Let._U.C_

6. l Pro._c]]; The
Uttll'd_'Y ,,f

nt at

Ch,nmun_)t wh.lch
factors

j(ul >bqU

p:H-;allotric.g l)t',Jpel]ant wi/ich will

the,

rate
re].;it._,d

Is vary
_i:,_lj

v_:nnul;,t,I
for c,_lch

is

d,-p,.,ndent
c_l,q.',

on

,_
[11

,,_pec[_lc

addition, sumptJ
in whir'h

the on _o

_l't,v:mel'_lbcl"

klt.[

liz[l_g

call

_lft"(!(.t

propellant

c_ll-

,'1 large

degree
ill%,

by

tile

mann,'r

(vel.oc
>;.v,l'al

I t_u's, gtFtdollt_cs operations.

trnJectur
Call b('

ie._,
uF;ed

etc.)

_lallOtlverH

acr,onlplished,

tO and 1:[oll

_eStilllatt? 3, and

GN:_ Figurc:_

usage 25 whJcll

for through

typi,';ll 27, enqble specific

HHU

t,rbital, v;lrl(,us

'J';ibl_.s constlnlpestilnate

pre:;,:.llt potential

propellant users to

parametric.s utilization ground a specific simplifying would ground to

should for

}L_I(_

propell.ant The hase.d teria, parameters set of m and

applications, to generate these system indiv:lduak equally the tables which part_mc.trics porfocmance p_,rformance pertinent-reasonable the re_re cr:t-

rules set

established of blblU

characteristics, Al.though if the a different--and data in

assumptions, vary somewhat wore task used,

rules Judge include

represent could

guidelines calculations maining), changing the system

requi.rements. mass

Factors

alfect mass and

system mass Isp.

(cre_member applied purposes 620 ib to

mass, torques_ of (282

propellant cargo mass, the

center propellant weight

of

offsets, For the to be is The at 4,500

constructing k_, 95th constant are Since and in he the assumed the

tables, ma].e

is assumed total) and

percentile

astronaut/EMU/,xFNU mass change (40 is

assumed propellant psia for _md cm

remain tanks

(propellant to be fully

is neglected). ibs of GN 2 to

charged logic torques during effect of

70F).

N_!U control constant hold mode

designed by turning

compensate thrusters

offsets

resuJting attitude to Table (Isp) have 3), are of

off

intermittently such (as factors is are

translational on propellant changes

commands, consumption on

assumed in

negligible Effects also cargo negmass

illustrated impulse of tables the

temperature in these

propellant Specific

specific examples in the

lected and

examples. are

effects

applied

torques

illustrated

and

figures.

3O

at

typ__ual of

w_loc:irles. 620 ]bs. F(mr ea_'h. sec)nd)

Cnrg._ thr,ls_'rs

we_f,J_t_ at<'

are

_wer

and (in

abow_

EMU/MMU ,'rod

syst(ml provide

_.,c.i_,ht l .4

ut:illze.d (coast) s_,pm'ati_m

_rX m.:ls),

]b'; of

thrust

Nominal of the

t_'nw,] lnlt1,_]

vel_cJti_:.s distm_ce

_:,:' typ_cally (fe,_); [._.,

I_" ([a 3

fl,,.,tper 300-foot

l'p:_ f_r 'fable

traw_]. th(' effects are of peYformed gravity do not _)n fuel in due result s1_ghtl.y turns to cm_sumpt:iun ntti_ude and hold larg_, tranquil wlth cargo _mes :m ma:_s. fuel for ...

3 Jl]u._trates

when offset

>]MU _n

trm_slations system these but The center

automatic to a in

r(,]ativelv sign]fJc._ntJy amount 4 of

l-ssentlally, consumption, translation, ca]ly due to during

offsets merrily

increased time neede_ off torque

increase'

the 2 of

MbIU control

;logic

thrusters the

period|pre._,nt

translational offs:t, shows in fuel

acceleration

co,interact

the. c,g. 25

Figure delta coast and is velocity velocity

consumption Total fx*e] is maneuvers

as AV

function any for

of maneuver

total is

equivalent twice and the braking),

translation, (i.e., such

for

aehie\,ed for all

used during

acceleration

additive-'

a mission.

Figures for various

26 and coast

27 depict

b_IU travel The tmin is

times curve

as shows

function travel

of times

distance for for This

velocities. when no

various half would the

distances separation

coasting

done;

i.e., for the method

MMU other

accelerates half.

distance, be noted,

decelerates be the

not,

:it should

normal

for

translation,

Figure coast distance to velocity

28

shows equals This

fuel ]% is

consumption (in the feet per

as

function of the

of

distance

when separation achieved on anti-

second) velocity

initial will be based

(feet). over

nominal of

which or

translate

various coast

distances velocities

i00

feet

more,

e[pated

comfortable

utilizing

visual

cues.

31

!.ii; !/'),rrc[ !:'t,:,.. (,'J_,, i:'n,) _n,d(',rr,,:,". _,:', ::,/;( _ Distance One Way (feet) 3O0 30O 3OO 3O0 3OO 3OO 300
,, , , , ,

(r_;_," 17'_l ,:TLn_f

l.'rr:.:...' _j.'.),:r_e L,.;tr, _t,,_ L

Cargo Weight (Ib)

Vel oci ty Attained , (fp.s) .....

Total Time

Coast Time O 43 90 144 0 41 89 I 0 86 0 23 94 0 21 92 0 3 97 0 96 usage

Percent Fuel 14.0 7.4 4.5 3.0 15.0 8.6 5.2 16.8 6.2 11 .,1 7.4 3.0 12.4 8,6 3.4 8.0 7._ 1.5 8,8 1.7 (negligible

(.see)
63 77

. ,(sec).... _C.o_n_um_d ._

0.5 (max)
(Nomi na I )

1I0 158

1oo
100 100 250 250 0 O 0 100 100 i00

.8 (m'ax)-...... .
(Nomi nal)
,

68
79 ] 12

3OO 300 2OO 2OO 200 2OO 2O0 200 I00 I00 I00 100 100 NOTES: I) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

03 (m_x)

75
114 52 57 107 56 59 I08 36 37 103 39 ]O4 hold propellant constant weight

3 (Nominal) 7 .7 (max) 5 2 (Nominal) 7 .2 (max) 5 2 (Nominal)

5.4 (max)
5 I (Nom_:_al) 100 100 5.1 (max)

1 (Nominal) attitude

Does not include in most cases).

Assumes constant Isp (= 60), Calculated for 95% man, total (282 Kg), Acceleration Propellant : system mass.

system mass. (man/EMU/MMU) : 620 Ibs

mass used = CAV, where

C = system

mass

Maximum velocity attained is that achieved when half the travel distance is used for acceleration, half for deceleration--with no coast time. Nominal velocity is the anticipated comfortable coast velocity which the crewmember will probably utilize. Total usable propellant 32 is 40 Ibs.

7)

Crewmember carries 250 Ib mass low MMU/EMUcg.

whose center of gravity is 1.5 ft be-

The total system (MMU/EMU + cargo) cg is therefore offset by 0,43 ft in Z axis. MMU logic coml)ensates for this offset by periodically turning off two X-axis thrusters during translational acceleration. This increases the time required to achieve a given velocity as shown below.

Translation Distance (ft) No AAH, No CG Offset

, ,. ,

Cargo Weight (Ib) 250

Vmax (fps) 3.0

Time(sec) to Achieve 3 fps 14

Coast Time (sec) 86

Total Time (sec) 114

Percent Fuel Consumed 6.23

i,,.

300
.......

AAH, with.43 ft CG Offset in Z

300

250

3.0

16

84

116

6.24

Essentially, cg offsets do not result in increased fuel consumption, but merely increase slightly the amount of time needed for translation.

33

I00 " i
I !

90,

/
/

i/

80-

7O

g
60
0

j
/
/

%
i,

e3

50

4O

3O

2O

Translation Only 10

in

X Axis

I0

20

30

40

50

60

70 Total

80

90

lO0

l&O

120 130

140

150

AV (fps)

"

3"t

...........

?00

NOTES:

NoAttitude Hold Translation in X-Axis Only Fuel Consumed is for One Way Only

150

Q,

100
LJ C_

L_

50

_C --j

20U
!

NOTES:

1') No'Attitude

Hold"

2) Translation in X-Axis Only 3) Fuel Consumed is for One Way Only

150

,/

:-_ 100
_4

IJ

k-"

5% Fuel 5O 12.4% Fuel ' , ' [ Consumed (tmi n only) (tmin Consumed only_

Consumed

(tml n only)

.8% Fuel

I00

2OO

3OO

f'

Vmax = 1 fps 2O

Vmax = 3 fps

Vmax = 5 fps

Vmax : 7.5 fps

_!

NOTES: li No Attitude Hold 2) Travel Time (One Way) is 103-145 sec

DISTANCE (Feet)
tttO_3?

37

6.2

P::v_ The

r()Z_E:L!!_5::Lgn MMU typically

P:,U:!!j,Zty)_:_. c,,nsume._; an S_nce power could average Lh(. MMU to of 30 watts, assumln_ flood]ight_ snell]sty during tilt, to

rate

gyro.'_ are

,n_ c_mstant]y. are_, and :load presents

includes nporate dramatically

i.Llund.natc _r tool._,

a work thl;_

outlets

equipment ,_rl_.ital for gyro. _ and tirol, signd-

typical

Jncrea.,;e

op( r;lti_ns. typical would since ficanL M;qU wou/d Table 4,

'l?abJe 4

bIMO power 11: sh(mld

(-'onsumpt]on be MMU firing noted I.s at that a

paralnvtric_ the rate

orbital normaJ.ty thrt_sters power call typically and thin: The

operations. be turned riot saved consume power 540 saved off

when

the be the less be

work this

s:lLe

would be

normally below much

during 30 the watt 180 to for

period,

nominal than

maximum. watt-hours operate orbital

Thus,
sh_wn ancillary operation

I.he
in

wou]d shown estimate.

available

qudpr, lent. J.s, therefore,

watt-hours

avail;_bl.e

a worst-c;,se

;,:767.c:

/.!l.'l: P_ov',_:.v Ccmsum!_i.'Zo?z Capacity (full.

Pa_,cm:etp;b_.c both Load, batteries) 30 watts x 180 540 watt-hours watt-hours 720 watt-hours

Battery

charge,

Average Maximum 6 how,." mission Power available floodlights Power Typical 2

bI_] Operational

for (2)

orbital -

op tratJons total @ 2 amp

support:

25 watts 28V DC

outlets -

(2) 6 hour

max

each

mission floodlights

duration @ worksite amp @ for amp for 5 hrs 125 28 watt-hours watt-hours

operational @ 0.5

camera 1 power 5 hours

operational tool

2 hours for

operationa]

1.5

210 (batteries EVA) recharged/ 363

watt-hours watt-hours

blargJn =1.77 waLt-hours replaced prior to next

Typical -

mission

hour

duration @ works,ite for 50 watt-hours operational @ 0.5 amp 42 (no EVA) battery recharge 92 watt-hours watt-hours

2 floodlights 1 hour

operational

ancillary equipment for 3 hours 448 watt-hours prior to next

Margin = r_.quired

38

The siena fuc.] e;tt-h which

following ;m

four /,_lU-_quipped In each

e:_;implc's

iilustrnte eou]d for

typical perform. the

seenar:los Estimates steps

and

ml,-.;of of

cre_m_erabcr case are given

consumption t;_sk.

individual

Ega2_,A\I_ 1 -Orbiter sion 1"cnt vers exampi.e task heJJeved The inspection reasons graphic sequenced estimated tile EVA/b}IU payload b;ly. desJgn of (c, ntry the but [s not intended was typical to

MMU be

blission

Exnmp].e of a

Outline

This

mlscurmaneu-

representative _o cxerclse

rely spec.lfic series of

rather to be

designed of Orbiter Orbiter

complex

near-Orb_tel' blMg exter:ior miss:ion for

operatJ.ons. outlined any of number data here of .involves candidate or phot(_a and performs the an

reference total

status

assessment, of of

rel rieva],

samples, 5

documentation description time

tile ()rbiter tim

exter_c_r).

Table equipment

contains required, (Cbll)

tasks/oper;ltJons, for each FVA are 2'_',ao_:Z task. cre_ember required One

requirements with a

erewmember (CbI2) to

tasks Two

second

observing the

from task.

crewmembcrs Ec, zcte and

not

complete blblU

f'_,,l',_elatioy_ route of is critical if 6 shown in

].'ic,t,a.ne_. 30. areas This

A typical

trans].ation inspection

Figures and aft

29

and

route

encompasses at gear a

reentry required, shows and the includes D,_._o Orbiter m/sec). ro_aion

subsystem of the

plus main

activity ].anding for each

fixed

loeaside). of the

t{on, Table mission

Orbiter

(right leg

estimated an

trave]

distance number translation task objectives of

major

estimated The and on-orbit

direction kV required is Jt was

changes. for approximatdly found that for rotation the translais apthe MblU 30 ft/ ?:V

fotc.Z checkout, sec used tion, (9

il P'.cqui_._ed inspection, From is the ft/sec b1509

experience, equal both to that

for

approximately total (18 L',V for m/see

required and

Therefore, 60

translation

proximately

39

C:,

ool
O_

o
Ox

000

',0

0 4.J

.,_

,,_

4.J _

_
0 ',.Q QJ ,-.t oo

P._

0 p-_

,OJ

_J

.r-I 0

,,-t 0

_-_ 0 _1_ .I.J ..-t _ _ 0 0 _ 0 ,.Ca ,_

01 0 ,,-_

,._

_ 0

,'_

CO

Q;

0.,,

_-,

o) _0 O; "-

_0 Q;

.,.._

_,j

40

i ,i

o.o_oeo

I x,_
f, ".

.._................ ...-_.. _,..._...

..... _'G ..... ..-..'" .."

! i:-: -_ .......... .... -"!_;" ......

Fi,3ure 29

T_-p._cal Orbitc__r ,_,_'terinr/n_pection

Roz_te usin_

#_U

41

_.";.-:_ _ ........ : ...... ._.__,.j ......... _,.

_-:.................... ,

m,.

i.

iiii

ii

Fisz_r_

30

_MU

Translation d_ring

Route the

for

Activitie_ Phase

at

a _ixed

Worksite

identified

Inspection

42

O 1,4

(.,' 'a p 0 0

, k'l ._.=1 ,,-.,

"_ g

0 '_0 eh

r,..3

o.o

c.. 0 un 0 0 0 0 0

t_ 0 0 _,0 0 0

u'_

u_

_r_

o e3 o _'T

{h 0 %

_} ,._

_,_ _1 0 bO _ _

I _, c_

2
:_ 0 0 _a "_ H .._ .,_ _ u,-_ 0 _ C_,l_ _ 0 _ ._ I._ (_ _ _00 ," b4} _ ',..I _.J (_ 0 0 _ 0 ,-'(::

,-1 lq

_J ._,"-_

_ .-I ,_,,'-_

_ _

'_ :_

"_ 0 _'x_

_ _

0 P-,

.H _

0 _

_ _

',"I V),'--i

_; 0 ,-l"'_

0 _

",'_

[-t 0

H . _ .

I-I

43

F-,' Lo O'

.,,.,..

$
t--,..._ r,J, (n

cO

t_.

_; .........
cO

_,

u'-,

0 t_

:3

,M

"'

O_ 0

C/_ _ 0

_ '_

_J

._ tO

::3 _

_J "t_

._J "_

O0

0_-_

_-.

_.._
F_

o_'_

'_ _

o_
,_

_ ._
_ _,J 4J

,o
L._ _

_
.H _ _-_

o
0"1

o
..1"

o
L,_

,43

3
t'_

fl
O0

o
0"_ 0

o
,ta .u

44

.r_

_lJ

_J it, _.J

eh

_l e'% II II _-]. II

'0

,,0

O0

3
rC,

o'
tO _, tN

'_3

_0 0

0""

m m o

o m

u_

_3

_0

t_

CO

*r-I

.._

O9 :> "_ _ _ I_ _ _ I_ I_ 0 _ 0 0

45

Ii_,31_)ie 2 ence missJon

- I,DEF this a

StabJllzatlon section

_ The

payload MMU/EVA

MMU

deslgl) erewmember

rt_'fer_o

(Jut1.l.n_'d in recrieval of

uti1_zes

the

supp]ement

payload.

The Facility is to used ensure

payload (LDEF) to

featured utilizing

is

the

retrieval

of

the

Long system the for

Dur_tion (1_IS). Orbiter RMS

Exposure The MMU

tile remote of be In a

manipulator Che LDEF while mode

prr_vide the

stabilization will

approaches, retrieval.

satellite

stable

the

.... ' ,OFc:),,._,_,o,_,,_bioments b_iU 58.5 See the per Figure Orbiter second of s]:ugs-ft .31, _. LDEF

of

inertia

used used impulses to

were were

LDEF i[4 ft

ly

57,400 by

slugs-ft 30 ft

2 long.

dimensions angular that

diameter from

D_sturbing to

arising impart axis, a

interaction rate the of

with 2 degrees

equivalent to the LDEF were

required principal

spin

about

its

ylu]ding

maximum

moment

inertia,

assumed.

Suit:at U plishing operation lation and LDEF

- Table

provides The listed

summary

of

the

blMU operauions for 44 this ft/sec

for support for

accom-

retrieval. on the

_;V capability initial

required was

based

conditions

trans-

attitude

control.

9,25 m (30 FT)

2 OEG/$EC

LDEF

Fig;,xr_

31

LDEF

Stabilization

46

_'--_

_,

-,

..........................

'I.:LZ,"

;;

LbF_

,'.'L,_b','.Z,!::v_'_fr,;_

Orbiter out for

c]os,,s

L, statlonkeeping prevention. It will, by J_1 this LDEF

position Is a

approximately passive, have be gravity protective retrieved to

lO0

yards

contamJnntJon payload. be installed

gradient covers by the I_IS grap-

_tnbi]ized that wJ.th pling. will _ho

emamp]e, mild then

tile crewmen active

_,[bIU providing

limited

stabilization

facilitate

Dis tahoe

Rate

AV (ftlsec) 4.0"

(ft)
l,

(ftlsec)

2, 3. 4. 5. 6.

HMU Fly

checkout to LDEF at

(in

bay) LDEF

...... 300 3.0

6.0 2 .O*

Stationkeep (photograph Install/deploy

LDEF

condition) protective 4,0

covers as required Dock to end of LDEF StabiLize LDEF as Orbiter

2.0 9.0'

<'loses to I@IS grapple range (MMU AV dequired to provide payload valent 7. stabilization to 2/see in equione axis) 50 0.5 1.0

(RMS grapple) MMU and stands off 50

undocks ft

8.

Stationkeep and photograph while payload is inserted in payload _MU returns bay to FSS and docks

1,0"

9,

50

0.5

1.0

Translation Attitude Total *Not

AV control (AV AV attitude control AV. Fuel Consumed equivalent)

3O i4 44 ft/sec 33%

equivalent in

included

47

Tal?_

/?

Mu_tipZe

Mazs

Tranofcar

Distance

Rate (ft/sec)

(ft)
I*

Equiv. (ft.!sec)

tsV

MMU

checkout Module #i at site 3OO 3OO at site 3OO 3.0 3.0 1.5 3OO ].5 3,0" 6.0 6.0 3,0_ 6.0 24 (no translat.ion) nn]oaded trans]atlon loaded translation propellant e.g.) _V reAV) 18 I0 12 (during equal to

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Transfer

Positioning of module Return t.o Orbiter Transfer Positioning Return to Translation AStltude Attitude Module #2

of module Orbiter AV Control control

translation_ A_titude control

(during equal to

translation, plus quired Tots] *Not AV 50% due

t.o more of

because equivalent in

offset required

64 included att.itude control AV. Total Fuel Consumed

ft/sec[ = 47_'_

48

_:.L,,_bLA_:. y:_::-)t_!_: D.d< _:.t<, :!7!;_!'_ r:,t)l<. 9 pr_.,,_,_t:_ :_ typical con:4ul::_,d cribed by :merit|rio durlrH,, th,., a t_) Illustrate kVA stepsl 100 "rod stays
thlk,

the with

re]aLive tlu_ 1,_,1l'.,

;.ncmnl. 'llu:

of

fuel

t.h;lt

tmlld is

be d_.',%--

5--hour

sc_m;lrlo

depicted

J:ol]owlng

CrewlllOlllber velocity of
tlloS_'

tr;-lllsJ;iLcs 3
_)

111 (300 at
Cl+t,wlnelll])_.,Y

ft) site

to thn:

work 5

site hours,
20

at

Ilhl'_.illllllll

fps,
hotlys_

Dtal"'lllg

tl':lllHliltes

II1

(60

]_'t)

ill

+Y

a>;is

(at the is

coqsk 20 Ill

\,elo,'il.y ;it

,_f c:_,cll

.2 fps) _!11(1 of hold il_ limb out of re:[.Ill.it(: .>, .',', <*. two

cvpry the m(nh,.

20 work

nlinute:_, site, th(' that umbiJical in two crew lillle turqlle ax_-,s I;oth C;lch ti_le-these

l)tll'lng nlelnbcr disturbance of 0.11.

nlJ.lltates ;lutonlatie

attitude arc present ;md

Dtlril_g

torques ft-]b cause ilFe :L, ,, the nppl f:g:,,, ,; in two

form,'_--atl torques AAlt roy 5

a>:es drif',

moti,m the

which torque,'< di<,,:G., 3"_::/:,7: a !".,. bkmeuver 300 Work 20 15 m 111 'iranM,'.|tion Site Translation in 5 7

._I>IU t;o ied _ once

deadband, seconds

ev(,ry 7.'<,_';:

L::,'.o.

,'< ,.:':m;,

i.:,xP;bv fi Velocity/Time fps/llO sec 7, Fuei 4.5 Con.mimed

to

hours

4.0

ips')37

sec

times

Overcoming torque
.=,

umb:ilical

8,37 duty (5 se,:/60 2 aes motion 8.32 duliy (.5 see/60 '2 axes

cycle sec)

Overcoming torques

limb

cycle sec)

7.2

300 work

translation s i.te

from

O fps/]]O

sec

zl.3

TOTAl.

77 3Z (30.9 ib GN 2)

49

Thl.,; turbance rates the or

s(-cnarJo torques for the of

IF_

i.

,_omo types of

re_peets described

,q worst would

case rarely Zt times

_xamp]e be

becat_o at

dJ.r;~ Lhe that

the

present also be

lengths

time

indit'atod. ar_ three

should higher 26).

11oted the

'f a._Is

translation rH]e that (described the

velocities in Table would

than

nominal in

IY_ ground thls ties case during as

2 and use the the

Figure these work site. and

It was

assumed

cres_lember EVA to

hlghel site Thus that Lower in it

translation order Is to

ve].oclproceed that in conas the

extet_ded possible is familiar are fuel.) still]

periods end

at of

quickly work the sume

each to the

assumed velocities

site +Y

cre_,rmember

higher

axis

comfortable.

(NOTE:

velocities

wou].d

less

5O

:'i

APPENDIX

_MU

TECHNICAL

DESCRIPTION

A,]

llardware

l)<.s.!_n

The skrtlctur_,, electron.its ;llld l:tFUl%'S

prJnc[p;_l ,2 prupu]s[Oll a,_sembly A-2, fi:.;ed full

eJumcnts

of subsystem,

th<,

Hann,.d tl,.,o ,\-!

,_lnneuvering Ii_md slmws the crlrltro.l]ers, n h].ock

Unit and dh_gr;m_

are

its zl control of the

bash'

(CEA), A-3_ position alld A-/_

Figure illustraLe

,tDIV,

i)rlncipa] gaseous by re_lckJng (TIIC) power and Is top power rear

components. nitrogen to tile commands three-;|>:i._ to the the uni (C;N2)

'fwenty-f_ur provide the

thrusters

utkli.ztng control

six-degree-of-freedom tran:datlonal hand coal:rail.or fr_m GN 2 and two hnnd (RIIC). batteries vessels. are and bel{_w mounted the

tram

thrt_e-a>:is

,ont-rr_l]er t;]ectr.ical mounted Coli_marld .in batteries. the at

rotational ,'.l};I.' subsystems between equi.pment, (Ct:.A) located tl,e

supplied of

tile logic, centre[

i_ressure gy:-oscopes

conditioning electronics assembly

hehind

The preclude The

}DIU the

is

fail-safe from

system returning into

in

that safely

any to

single the

failure Orbiter (12

does vehicle.

not

astronaut are of

thrusters each of a

separated provides in at the

two

independent

systems

thrusters in are the also be

each), event

which

full

six-degree-of-freedom The twelve control

control electronics can

failure such that

other one

system. set of

redundant commanded.

least

thrusters

always

In from also the tude the

addition hand

to

the

manual an

commands automatic a switch hold firing

which attitude located and

are

applied hold

by

the

astronaut is

eontrollers_ By can axes rate

(AA}{) of

capability RHC grip, attias

available. astronaut in three Three and the

activating

on

top

the

command of

attitude by

the

}[bll] will

maintain

rotation sense logic already fire

thrusters and data

automatically, in each the is

re-

quired. axis, If the

gyros

rotations uses these

attitudes to

rotationa] thrusters. commanded,

}D|U control rates are will

command ho].d rates.

rotational control

present to

when

attitude those

logic

thrusters

cancel

51

.._.]
J

--'-

_.. 0t-.-

....d

0_

C_ .@

r_ 52

_C

_3

53

_',

.54

,_:-. :-_- -: ..................

................

_........ .... _L

__.L_.
. _: -.

7"I

,_--.---.......

.-

i,i.i

i__..._Z,\_ \

_, _\ ____.

._,

k_

I '-.i.

55

."_'T].L_; - --

_._

.............................

0'

The _500 These member lant will The each to for psia

two and

propellant 70F, on

tanks initial are

contain charge

a on

total the during charge fps; 72 to In

of

40

ib

(18

kg) to

of

GN 2

at

ground EVA

prior by an

a mission. crew propelon-orblt tank). from

pressure (see an

vessels Section equivalent a minimum logic

rechargeable The of initial Ii0 to AV 135 of

unassisted

5.3). 4V

provides subsequent

sufficient recharges per GN 2

provide control tank select at the when

equivalent MMU even is

fps

(36

fps

,_f the

designed level. of

maintain

fuel the order axis

consumption logic to is

relatively optimum

addJtlon, in

designed pro-

combination are

thrusters or multiple

conserve occur

pellant

mass

offsets

present

commands

simultaneously.

The tion FSS (FSS)

FhMU

is

stowed in

for the

launch payload

and bay

reentry of the

in

the

Flight (see the _U

Suppor't Figure during

StaThe

located

Orbiter to

A-5). launch, also hand-

structure

provides

environmental periods, attachment and FSS can on

protection reentry provisions, the on and

on-orbit contains holds EVA so for

(nonoperational) the necessary

landing. foot

The

FSS and an

restraints orbit of by the

donnlng/doffing One be

servicing be mounted

_4U each

in

unassisted bay

crewmember. two _s can

side

payload

carried

each

Orbiter

flight.

56

_m

.i

(3

;2.
% _3 Q: <'2

g
t_'a

57

_':_2_.

--

.....................

mass sonnel data for

of

the within

EMU/_H, IU system. the USAF flying range women of

The the

maneuvering percentile to the

unit based

will on

accommodate anthropometric J]e based on

per-

5th

for 1980

1968 male

officers,

95th

percent

data

officers. For Orbiter, (FSS) is each a _U Flight carrLed Support The the aboard Station FSS _fU is is of a attachthe The 50 weight Ib the

required. to which

structure ed for

launch (see FSS is

and

reentry A.I).

Orbiter of (23 the kg);

Section

approximately the for lb that payload one (133 the MNU kg),

hence penalty 293 noted

launch is apIt of

weight

proximately should the be

weight

flight

operational the astronaut unit to shows systems. cm i00

_n_Td system and the extraThe the EMU

includes Figm_e A-6 MMU Reference dinate System weight is can vary Coorvehicular between 175 for Ib (80 I00 and 215

mobility ib (45 A-7

(EMU). kg);

astronaut weight of the

approximately of is mass

kg).

Figure

the

location The _IU

center system

typical to

astronaut/EMU/_U for these

control

designed

compensate

offsets.

A.3

_IU The

FligJlt

Characteristics unit _he two responds hand to direct manual For a commands nominal input system by mass,

maneuvering via

the

crewmember

controllers.

58

[]
CM
+

System CM for 5th Percentile Woman

System CM for 50th Percentile Man

System CM For 95th Percentile Man

[]

EMU/MMU 5th

Percentile

Woman:

EMU/MMU 95th

Percentile

Man:

lotal

mass

504

Ib e

(229

kg)

I weight 243 50 293

Total

mass

640

Ib

(29].

kg)

Launch MMU FSS

penalties: Ib (110 (23) Ib (133 kg) kg)

.59

translation tions mode, ler are these grip is are

acce]eratlons i0.0 +3.0 deg/sec

are 2.

0.3

+0.05 the

ft/see MMU

_ and operates

rotational in a

accelerafliyht control-

SJnc'e are center grip a_es

direct hand

acceleration displaced terminated commands acceleration _fl_U thruster axis in

levels from when the

present or is

whenever position. to

e_thcr

null

Aceeleratlotl the center are position. possible

commands Simultaneous a_ reduced Each fore normal mode. For

the

returned

several levels.

(mu]tl-axis

commands)

develops

approximately commands generate of thrust for the can

],4 5.6 in

]bs ibs

of of

thrust; thrust

therein the

single

translation mode, torques commands up and

operations Rotational

2.8

lbs

the

backup and

operations modes.

are to

the 6

same

prime be

backup

mu]tl-axis The

thrusters (AAH) in any

firing of the the axes as

simultaneously. Mb_ of allows rotation. to hold the

automatic to control within any

attitude

hold

capability or all of

crewmember The a V_U

maintain logic

attitude automatically of as

fires _0.5

thrusters degrees the rate

required

position in

a deadband axis, (if, for

to !2.0 by the payload)

(premisslon gyros. is the Drift relatively order of

selectrates still 0.02 deg/

able) across while sec

rotational deadband or A-8). mode, and cycle motions

sensed

this

example, a

rewmember are on

inspecting (see In Fig. the

photographing

AAH

highly

developed minimum that fuel

control

logic

incorporating rates to of large

limb allows crew-

motion a tight

filters limit limb

limited deadband and is

impulse is

thrust

repetition insensitive

relatively

member cyclic

conservative

_i_ the

presence

these

disturbance Three-axis

torques. attitude hold the axis. can hold be can be commanded during in translation the roll, in pitch any

axis. or yaw

AttitLde axes in when that

inhibited inputs if

independently via the the MMU RHC is

cre_cmember For

a manual in AAH and

rotation a 180 yaw is

command

example,

6O

I_W I'7, deg/sec 2.0

].0

ATT i.TUDE 4 deg

-2.0

-I

,0

-0.5

0.5

1.0

2,0

NOTE :

Single Pulse Firing occurs of Deadband

Thruster at Fdgc

figure

A-8

/,,All Limit

Cuolin.2 pith

No Di:.'tza'banceTorq_.es

required, begin yaw,

a 1-second

yaw command

can be

input

at the hand During and roll issue

controller

to in ap-

the maneuver attitude will

at approximately be maintained

].0 deg/see. in the pitch

the rotation axes. another on the After

proximately command command

17 seconds

the crewmember or can in all

can either press axes allow

1 second RHC to

to cancel automntic

the yaw rate, attitude hold

the switch again. the EVA

These late, ations Specific A.4 }_U

_.[MUflight

characteristics or

crm,_nember

to transoper2.0.

perform

inspection and

photographic

surveys,

assist

in payload

or servicing, tasks F!ight are

the variety in more

of other detail

tasks

listed

in Section

discussed

in Section

6.0 of this

guide.

Instrumentation instrumentation signals to the EMU which process

The MMU

provides

61
t

-...

_un

.L7

the top

J_form_l;iol_ _or_zon_-a_ as a

;.rod

provlde_ ol o. the

v:lsu_]

d:l.sp3ay,_

tn and

the

]_VA

erewm_,mbL_r modu3e the (DCM) a,nc.mL

_;_

th_ _,

sm:face chc_st pack

I_IU displ_]ys pressure

ontro]s Norm_].ly_ B) to and

mounted propellant uously, either (A and

the

suit, A and

of

remaining The

i_t the also

M,_F0 (,_ystems has the

_,_ displayed select B) or of for GN 2

eontlndisplay

r._ex,_ember pn_er two on

capabillty (systems A a

the B).

battery Thes_

remai_%ing are

tan]; pressure w|_Ich

dlsp]ays the

part

of

s_quonee

p_Ir_moters

provide

informst:lon

EMU/MMU

status.

The c:autloz_ exceeds 20%, and and and 5%

crewmember and w_rning when

also

receives when power in Table to the

an the

a.dible pressure in

tone

as

thruster be_wee_ battery 10% (status

cue, ON 2

and tanks

_one tho

difference the lowest below

300 when

psi,

remaining either A-I tank

reaches tone) displays

GN 2 quantity tone).

drops _he the

(wsrning

summarizes in

instrumentation MMU.

controls

available

er_:_,_ember

6_

..........

f.," (.J

::i
i 0 _ M

,o.

(_

,2

C:. ;.,a -) ,.,4

eo t/;

0 ..h

'2,

[_

,r-t

.., _:, ,k:

f j

}-., "tD

,2

'_'
r.l

4J 0.., l/.

_J

I i

I I l

I I I

I I I

I I I

I I I

t_.4

_1-(

i
I

I e-

_3

APPENDIX B - EVA GUIDELINES

F,.r (e_cerpted a.

information from EVA JSC

purposes,

Lh_

fol.lo_ing

EVA pres_:nted, using

guide.lines

and

:onsLra]nLs

07700,
will

Volume
be

XIV)

tire'

opera_lons

devc].oped and

_he

capabilities, set forth in

reJSC

quirements,

definitions,

_pecificatlons

b.

EVA

operations

are

norma]ly

perfornled EVA

by Is

two also

EVA-trained a vloble

crew option.

members.

However,

one-crewmember

c.

Planned day

EVA

periods the does conducted

should time not

nut

emceed for multiple

one EVA

6-hour prep and of dark

duration post

per actlviduration.

(czoZud_ng This be

required

tles). d. E\_ may

preclude during both

EVAs and

shorter periods.

light

e.

EVA

will

not

be

constrained

to

ground

communication

periods.

f.

Payloads and work

requiring areas EVA tasks to

EVA allow safely

operaLions the and EVA with

must

size

access to

corridors the re-

cre_._ember adequste

perform

quired

mobl]ity.

g.

An

EVA

egress mm), must

path be

into

the

cargo

bay,

4 to this

feet the area

minimum airloek must

length outside be jetti-

(1219 hatch. sonable

available infringe com

adjacent into EVA

Payloads to allow

which for

ingency

operations.

h,

Payload structed in the

and EVA cargo

support access hay.

mechanism to potential

design

mus_

not

inhibit

unobwork areas

Orbiter

contingency

i.

Neither ations airlock to lug a

payload will hatch

location

in

the

cargo of the

bay the bay.

nor EVA

EVA

payload

operto the

inhibit from pressure

a rapid any

return in possible

erewmembeY Airlock

location be

repress follow-

viable the EVA

must

within

30 minutes

terminating

contingency.

J,

The

size

of the

the

airloek,

tunnel

adapter, of packages

and

associated can be

hatches transferred

limits

external

dimensions

that

64

to

or

from him) (/_57

payl,_ads f_r x unxulted 50 Ln.

Lc,

22

la.

(558

ram) ;rod fur

to

22 18

in, in.

(558 (457

mln) ram)

x x

50 3.8

tn.

(1,270 in,

oper;|ttcms: (1.,270 the:_e ram)

ram) sfz_,_;

pressure-suited ._hal] be

operations, evaluated on an

P;l_:k;igv Lndividual

e:tceed:ing

dl.men:_lc:ms

basis.

k.

I'V,\ erewmembers satel]lte.-; about tJ.ons any Lh:It or a:<:is. nre

_,..I]Inot pay]oads Tile

>perate have

in, an

on,

or

near rate anti are

fr_._e-flying of mass TBD, for nominally. prior vehicle been a sing].e identiunit, to 2 tworotati.on c'ombJna-

which lllaxllnt_lll with

excessive rate

rotat:ional

_'_mp_)t:ible prey.ides operatir_ns, the the for which

Ml, li.! op_r_L|ons and Jng pre'p]anned :Ii_ operations conducted the

Kach crewm,_.mber These mission) only fied or on

orbiter payload

mJs_i_n EVA can

t.quipment each MMU on MMU is ._$fU or can last a

con:;umab]es six hours 'nlanned Orbiter have with

op,,rat:lons bas_s, those

uti.lize

ordinarily missions launch. units

carried EVA be

before with two

MMU operations operatir, g together.

65

APPENDIX

C -

REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Number MCR-78-500

!!_tj2_
Mamled Maneuvering Unit Design and Performance Spvciflcation Vo], XIV Space Shuttle System Ace otIlmod at t oils Sbutt.le Interfaces Orbiter/Cargo, Paylo_Jd

_ource Mart In Marietta

JSC-O77OO,

NASA/JSC

1CD2-19001

Standard

NASA/JSC

JSC-10615

Shuttle EVA Description Desl gn Criteria Payloads Handbook Manned tiona} Safety

and

NASA/JSC

JSC-II123

Guidelines

NASA/JSC

JSC-i0532

Maneuvering. Unit RequJ rements

Opera-

RASA/JSC

JSC-07700-14-PIV-01

Space Shuttle System Payloads Interface Verification General Approach and Requirements

NASA/JSC

SVHS

7800

Extravehicu]ar Mobility Unit Design and Performance Requirements Specification Spacelab Handbook Payload Accommodations

Hamil ton Standard

ESA

SLP/2104

NASA/MSFC

Space Transportation User Handbook Interim Guide; Users' Upper Spinning Guide Stage

System

NASA/Hdq.

Users' Stage

NASA/MSFC

Solid

Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) Guide for Experiment Accommodations Multimission Users' Guide K-STSM-14.1 KSC Launch Modular Spacecraft

NASA/LaRC

NASA/GSFC

Site

Accommodations

NASA/KSC

Ilandbook VAFB JSC 11803 STS

for STS Payloads Operations Planning 66 Plan S_IS0 NASA/JSC

Ground Flight

..,