INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

HND II CEC 414 EXAM

SECTION B (28 points) Instruction: Answer question 1 and one other question
1. (16 points) a. Define Infrastructure planning (3 points) b. i. Explain Easement in estate planning (2 points) ii. List the types of easements and explain their differences (3 points) iii. Which type of easement should be minimized and why (2 points) c. i. Define broken windows theory and give an example (2 points) ii. The broken windows theory implies that ____ causes ____ (1 point) d. With the aid of a diagram explain voltage reduction (3 points) 2. (12 points) a. Explain steps involved in developing a management plan for infrastructure (6 points) b. Define power supply and explain the power supply networks (4 points) c. Name 4 sources of power- 2 primary and 2 secondary sources (2 points) 3. (12 points) a. Mention 2 roles each of 2 members of the infrastructure facility management staff (6 points) b. Describe an asset management register and state its importance to infrastructure facility management (4 points) c. List 4 differences between the power supply layout methods (2 points)

INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

HND II CEC 414 EXAM MARKING SCHEME

SECTION B (28 points) Instruction: Answer question 1 and one other question
1. (16 points) a. Infrastructure planning is a technical and political process concerned with the control of the use of land and design of the environment (3 points) b. i. An easement is a right to use a property without having any possessory rights in the property. (2 points) ii. Estoppel; statute; common law. Estoppel is based on a doctrine of equity while statute and common law are based on government rules. Statute is a government right written down while common law isnt written down in the law books (3 points) iii. Estoppel easement should be minimized because it creates a need for a form of servitude where one person/ property has to be a slave to another (2 points) c. i. Broken windows theory argues that small indicators of neglect, such as broken windows and unkempt lawns, promote a feeling that an area is in a state of decay thereby causing people to fail to maintain their properties. For example if a classroom isnt cleaned daily for a few days, students wouldnt mind throwing trash on the floor even if a dustbin is nearby. (2 points) ii. The broken windows theory implies that abandonment causes crime (1 point) d. With the aid of a diagram explain voltage reduction (3 points) 2. (12 points) a. Explain steps involved in developing a management plan for infrastructure (6 points) In order for infrastructure facilities to be well maintained to maximize function, a management plan has to be put into place. There are 4 key steps to developing a management plan, they include: Gathering of information and necessary surveys: depending on the form of infrastructure or facility to be managed, certain information may be needed. Information can be gathered by anonymous surveys, research into similar operations and so on. Evaluation of management plan options: bases on the result gotten from the information gathered, one would be left with different plan options. Such options would then be weighed based on their various pros and cons.

 Exploration of financial option and life cycle cost analysis: financial options of the selected plan(s) are then looked at. The life cycle cost of the plan(s) is an important factor in deciding the plan of choice. Prepare a work schedule and inform beneficiaries about the plan: a work schedule is made for the final selected plan and the beneficiaries are informant about the prospective plan. b. Define power supply and explain the power supply networks (4 points) i. Power supply refers to any device that supplies electric power to one or more electric loads. (1) ii. There are two power supply networks: distribution network and transmission network. The transmission network is a link that connects the power generated to the distributing location. It carries high voltages ( 132KV) over long distances. The distribution network is a link that connects the power transmitted to the final consumer. It carries lower voltages ( 33KV) over short distances. c. Name 4 sources of power- 2 primary and 2 secondary sources (2 points) Primary sources Secondary sources Wind Battery Water Generator Nuclear, solar.. UPS, inverter..

3. (12 points) a. Mention 2 roles each of 2 members of the infrastructure facility management staff (6 points) Facility manager: has the following roles o Overall maintenance of facilities o Maintaining budget o Ensuring facilities are in accordance with regions laws o Managing maintenance plan Operations manager o Ensuring compliance with security policies established by security manager o Ensuring operations are provided to facilities manager at the right time o Assisting auditors by making facilities and personnel available when needed Security manager o Establishing policies and procedures for personal security o Coordinating security inspections o Providing facilities manager with a list of physical security devices that need to be installed and implemented Auditor: o Scheduling audits with operations manager o Conducting audits in accordance with company standards

b. Describe an asset management register and state its importance to infrastructure facility management (4 points) This is a catalogue for each asset in the facility that documents the condition of the asset and its serviceability. This register is very important to infrastructure management as it helps the official discover the timely assessment and repair of imminent damages. c. List 4 differences between the power supply layout methods (2 points) Overhead layout method Underground layout method Is cheaper to design Is more expensive to construct It easier to detect fault Is harder to detect fault Is more prone to fire outbreaks Is less prone to fire outbreak