Sir Robert Munro 1684-1746

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Born Died Allegiance Service/branch Rank Unit Battles/wars Relations Other work 1684 1746 Falkirk British British Army Colonel 42nd Highlanders later the 37th Regiment of Foot Siege of Inverness (1715) Siege of Brahan Battle of Fontenoy Battle of Falkirk (1746) Sir John Munro, 4th Baronet (grandfather) Sir Robert Munro, 5th Baronet (father) George Munro, 1st of Culcairn (brother) Sir Harry Munro, 7th Baronet (son) Member of Parliament

Sir Robert Munro of Foulis, 6th Baronet (24 August 1684 17 January 1746) was a soldier-politician whose life followed an 18th century pattern. He fought in support of the Revolution Settlement and the House of Hanover, and their opposition to all attempts by the Jacobites to restore the House of Stuart either by force of arms or by political intrigue. Early life and career He was a child when James II of England/James VII of Scotland lost his throne and the Protestant succession of his daughter Mary II of England and son-in-law William III of England was secured. He was a young man when the involvement of the Kingdom of England, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland, in personal union under Queen regnant Anne of Great Britain, in the War of the Spanish Succession, sent many Scots to fight under John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough on Continental Europe. His paternal grandfather Sir John Munro and his father Sir Robert, were successively chiefs of the Clan Munro: his uncle Andrew was a Captain, and several of his relatives served before him in the Royal Scots. It is not surprising, therefore, that the thoughts of young Robert should turn to an army career, and his earliest surviving letter (Oct. 1706) deals with plans for securing a commission, perhaps through the influence of the John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll who was in Scotland for the critical pre-Acts of Union 1707 debates: even service at home was not to be despised, as it "might draw on a greater thing". Anyhow, the commission was soon forthcoming, although its exact date is unknown, and in March 1710, Robert Munro is on record as a Captain in the Royal Regiment of Foot (then at the Hague, Holland, Dutch Republic), commanded by George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney. He served for seven years in Flanders, it is said "with great reputation", and found himself out of employment when the war ended in 1712, and the Treaty of Utrecht brought 30 years of peace to Continental Europe. Member of Parliament But in the meantime, Robert had received a small part of the family estate from his father, and become a member of the Parliament of Great Britain. His patrimony, of which he received a crown character in 1708, comprised Meikle and Little Clynes and the lands of Drummond, near the present village of Evanton. Scotland's share in the Parliament of Great Britain at the Palace of Westminster was 15 burgh members and 30 from the shires and at the general election of 1710 Robert was chosen under the limited franchise of those days by the northern constituency of Tain Burghs (the burghs of Dingwall, Tain, Dornoch, Wick and Kirkwall), which he was to represent through five more elections for a period of 31 years. With his Whig sympathieswhich probably cost him his rank in the army on his return from Flandersthe young M.P. could always be relied on to oppose Tory measures, including their efforts to subvert the Protestant succession. The health of Queen Anne and the threat of invasion were matters of concern, and some weeks after her death in August 1714, her successor George I of Great Britain arrived from Hanover to assume the throne with Whig support. Robert by now was moving in high political circles, reading his letters from Scotland to Robert Walpole and his colleagues. London politicians liked to think that the Tories in Scotland would give no trouble in taking the oaths to King George, "but I that know them don't believe it", he wrote. When the king was proclaimed at Inverness there was something like a riot, and at Tain people were mustering and arming, with "guards upon all houses". Support for the ministers in office was usually rewarded, just as opposition was penalised. After the arrival of George I, Robert reported sadly more than once that "there is nothing yet done" for him; but in December he was offered and accepted a commission (backdated to 9 August) to replace a MacKenzie as Captain of an Independent Company raised ten years earlier to help in policing the northern Scottish Highlands. This was one of three such companies, forming distinct units unconnected with each other, and responsible for peace and security in their own areaone commanded by Captain Campbell of Fonab operating "besouth the braes of Athole and Angus", Captain William Grant's "benorth Dee", and the third to the north and west of Loch Ness. They wore no special military uniform, being clothed in "plads, tartan coats, trousers and hose" like other Highlanders. Captain Robert Munro (who had John Campbell of Carrick as his first Lieutenant, and Alexander Fraser of Culduthel as second) commanded his company for less than two years, as the events of 1715-1716 brought him another and a more vital role. Jacobite Rising of 1715-1719 In the Jacobite Rising of 1715, the standard of rebellion was raised by John Erskine, 22nd Earl of Mar, now out of office and out of favour with the new sovereign. In the northern shires John Gordon, 16th Earl of Sutherland was the King's Lieutenant, and the Clans Sutherland, Mackay, Ross and Munro could be counted on to support the Government, but the Mackenzies, Macdonalds and Chisholms were Jacobites, and the Frasers divided owing to a disputed chiefship. The old Laird of Foulis, who lived until 1729, had lost his eyesight in early life, and the leadership of the Munros therefore devolved on his sons. Robert was in London when rumours first gained ground that a rising was intended, but his brother George of Culcairn put the clan in

a state of readiness at the beginning of August, and this example was followed by others, in spite of a great shortage of arms, ammunition and money. About a week after John Erskine, 22nd Earl of Mar raised the standard on 6 September, the Jacobites occupied Inverness, where William Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Seaforth put in a Mackenzie governor. Young Robert Munro of Foulis made a move in that direction, but was stopped before he had crossed the River Conon. Calling on those well disposed to the Government to support him, he then formed an encampment at the bridge of Alness, where he was joined on 5 October by Clan Sutherland and Clan MacKay and detachments from further north. Seaforth advanced-with a larger force by way of Dingwall, Clare and Boath, and after some parleying between the two sides and a council of war, the Earl of Sutherland and chief of MacKays withdrew northwards, while the Munros who had been for fighting instead had their country overrun and plundered by the massive Jacobite force. Even the manses were looted and the ministers" libraries scattered (the Presbyterian clergy were anti-Jacobite to a man), and some worse excesses were reported. It was not until 22 October that Seaforth marched south to Perth, and his enemies believed that but for this "diversion" some 4,000 Jacobites from the north would have joined Mar three or four weeks earlier than they did, before Argyll had gathered a sufficient force to oppose them at the Battle of Sheriffmuir. In November, the Whig lairds of Kilravock and Culloden, now joined by Simon Fraser of Lovat (who had been outlawed and in exile), put pressure on the Jacobite garrison in Inverness, which was delivered upon the very day when Sherriffmuir was fought and another Jacobite force was defeated at the Battle of Preston (1715). Young Foulis marched into the town with 400 Munros and took over control as governor, although his commission (and his brevet of colonel) had been intercepted by the rebels at Perth. James Francis Edward Stuart came and went (he was less than two months in Scotland), Government troops arrived in Inverness towards the end of February, and for some months the process of disarming the rebels went on, helped by a Munro detachment under George Munro, 1st of Culcairn. With the rising suppressed, and the Hanoverian succession firmly established, Colonel Robert's interest with the Government and his own compassionate nature prompted him to mediate on behalf of some of the defeated leaders (including Alexander Macdonell of Glengarry) and their wives and children. In 1719, Robert's brother, George Munro, 1st of Culcairn led a detachment of men at the Battle of Glenshiel where they helped defeat the Jacobites. Forfeited Estates Commissioner For the next ten years Robert Munro was kept busy, in addition to his duties as M.P. and landlord, as one of the only three Scots among the 13 M.P.s appointed (by a Commons ballot in June 1716) to be Commissioners for the survey and disposal of the estates of more than 50 attainted Jacobites, "in order to raise money out of them for the use of the public". Each Commissioner received a salary of 1,000 a year, and as they could hold no other public office (though remaining M.P.s), Robert demitted his governorship of Inverness Castle and Independent Company command (both of which were given to Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat). Four English M.P.s joined Robert Munro and his colleague Patrick Haldane for the Scottish part of the commission's business, but they were greatly hindered by the dilatory ways of some members (including Sir Richard Steele, who was fined for nonattendance). When Munro was in Edinburgh he lodged in the Bristo house of William Scott, Professor of Greek language at the University of Edinburgh. Many of the estates were deep in debt before forfeiture, it was not easy to find purchasers, and a balance of little more than 1,000 remained after all the claims, legal fees, and other expenses had been met. In 1725 the Forfeited Estates Commissioners ceased to operate, and the unsold estates were transferred to the Barons of the Exchequer. Baronet Munro After having been the effective leader of the clan for many years, Colonel Robert became Munro of Foulis and the sixth baronet on the death of his father in 1729. As a landowner he pioneered the planting of woodlands, of which he added nearly 500 acres (2 km) on the Foulis estate. As a heritor and an elder of the Church of Scotland, he was one of those who arranged on behalf of the General Assembly for the spending of 1,000 a year of the "Royal Bounty" on the "reformation" of the Highlands and Islands by means of itinerant preachers and catechists. Described by a clansman as "an obliging, civil, moral gentleman, well beloved of his name", Sir Robert lived on friendly terms with his neighbours. His marriage to a member of a great English family Mary, daughter of Henry Seymour of Woodlands in Dorset took place in London in 1716, and the romantic story of a courtship interrupted by the purloining of their letters has been preserved by tradition. Their eldest son Harry was sent to Dr. Doddridge's academy at Northampton, Westminster School and Leiden University. Another son entered the Royal Navy. Of Sir Robert's activities in Parliament, the almost complete absence of reported debates leaves little to be said. Outside the British House of Commons, we find him at various times trying to secure the reinstatement in a Customs post at Inverness of a neighbour's brother; he took an active part in pressing for Simon Fraser's pardon and succession to the Lovat estates; he helped to find employment for the son of a Mackenzie friend, and for a scape-grace of the Atholl family, but a political foe alleged that as Sherriff of Ross he had a Mackenzie sheriff-substitute stripped of office and replaced by a Munro. The clan rivalries which had erupted in rebellion were finding an outlet in local politics. The MacKenzies Earl of Seaforth came to an end in 1716, and it seems to have been arranged that while the Rosses held the county seat the Munros would represent the Tain Burghs. To secure the burghs, control of three out of the five was necessary, and the manoeuvrings by which the councils were persuaded to send the "right" delegate to vote in parliamentary elections were often exciting, and even a show of force was likely. Ross ascendancy was secure in Tain, and from 1716 to 1745 the Munros controlled Dingwall, with Robert of one of his brothers as provost --but not without something like two armed Munro "invasions" of the county town in 1721 and 1740, when opposing councillors were abducted to secure a favourable result (for the first incident Colonel Robert and his brother were fined 200 each, and after the second his parliamentary career came to an abrupt end with defeat at the 1741 election). Lieutenant-Colonel of the 42nd Highlanders This probably mattered less to Sir Robert, as he was now securely back in the British Army. The Independent Companies, disbanded after the Rising, had been revived by General George Wade, and in 1739 the six companies were increased to ten and formed into a regular Highland regiment 780 strong under his commandfamous in military history as the 42nd Highlanders, Royal Highland Regiment, or Black Watch. Their uniform, approved personally by George II of Great Britain when Sir Robert presented a sergeant and private soldier to His Majesty in London in 1740, included a kilt of dark green "military" tartan, belted plaid, and blue bonnet with black cockade. The regiment's first colonel was John Lindsay, 20th Earl of Crawford, who was briefly succeeded by Hugh Sempill, 12th Lord Sempill, but Sir Robert Munro as Lieutenant-Colonel had the chief responsibility during the formative years. Among the Captains were his brother George Munro, 1st of Culcairn and Campbell of Carrick, and a cousin John Munro, 4th of Newmore. George Munro of Auchinbowie, a distant clansmen, was the surgeon. After mustering beside the Tay near Aberfeldy, and continuing the duties of the previous Independent Companies for some time in Northern Scotland, the regiment was ordered to London in 1743, where a serious incident occurred. Believing that they would not be required to serve abroad, and alarmed by rumours that they were to be sent to the American plantations, about 200 men (without their officers) decided to return home and began the long march north. They were overtaken at Oundle, Northamptonshire, where Newmore was one

of the officers who disarmed and persuaded them to return. Three of those condemned to death by court-martial were shot, and the remainder transported to the British West Indies: although they blamed the Government, and not their officers, for a breach of faith, it was an unfortunate start to what was to become a remarkable record of service. Highlanders on display to the King It is recorded by General Stewart of Garth that King George II of Great Britain having never seen a Highland soldier expressed a desire to see one. Three privates were selected and sent to London under Sir Robert Munro shortly before the 42nd Regiment went to the Continent. One of these privates - John Grant died on the way but the other two Gregor MacGregor and John Campbell were presented to the King by Sir Robert Munro. They went through the broadsword exercise, and showed their skill in handling the Lochaber axe before his Majesty the king, Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, Marshal George Wade and a number of general officers. Their dexerity and skill in management of their weapons satisfied the King.[1] War in France War on Continental Europe was moving towards a direct confrontation between the Kingdom of Great Britain and France under Louis XV, and the regiment embarked immediately for Flanders. There the men earned high praise for their behaviour towards the civilian population, and the regiment became a favourite choice as guardians of property; Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria told his envoy in London that this was owing to Sir Robert's care, "for whose sake he should always pay a regard to a Scotchman". Their first action against the French came on 11 May 1745 at the Battle of Fontenoy. A British army under Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland faced the forces of Maurice, comte de Saxe and was defeated, but the "Highland furies" (as one Frenchman called them) saved it from disaster by their gallantry. Allowed "their own way of fighting" by the young Commanderin-Chief, each time they received the French fire Sir Robert ordered his men to "clap to the ground" (while he himself, because of his corpulence, stood alone with the colours behind him), and then springing up and closing with the enemy, they several times drove them back, and finished with a successful rear-guard action. Jacobite Rising of 1745-1746 In June 1745, a little more than a month after the battle of Fontenoy, Sir Robert was "rewarded" by an appointment to succeed General Ponsonby as Colonel of the English 37th (North Hampshire) Regiment of Foot. When the second Jacobite Rising broke out, his friends in the Highlands hoped for his presence among them (one wrote that it would have been "the greatest service to His Majesty and the common cause"), but it was not to be. Robert's regiment was brought over by sea to Newcastle upon Tyne. Meanwhile his son Harry Munro and brother George Munro joined Sir John Cope with the able-bodied men of the Clan Munro. "Munro's 37th Foot" made from English soldiers formed part of the force which operated under George Wade's ineffective command in Northern England. Ordered to Scotland, they reached Edinburgh early in January, in time to march out and form part of the left wing of the force led by Henry Hawley which met the Jacobites in a storm of rain and hail at the Battle of Falkirk (1746). At first, Sir Robert was reported wounded and a prisoner, and then "murdered in cold blood"; it seems that only a servant and his younger brother (Dr. Duncan, who rode unarmed to his assistance and was also killed) were with him when he was shot or cut down. Robert had been attacked by six Jacobites of Cameron of Lochiel's regiment. Robert managed to kill two of them with his half-pike or Spontoon. A seventh Jacobite, a commander, then shot him with a pistol. He then finished Robert off with two sword blows to the head. Robert's unarmed brother, Dr Duncan ran to his assistance but he too was killed. By the orders of Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, Sir Robert was honourably buried in Falkirk churchyard, by men of the Clan MacDonald, where several of the rebel leaders attended; his snuff mull was found in his pocket after the battle, and is still preserved. Legacy A monument was later erected for Sir Robert Munro in Falkirk churchyard. An entry in the Falkirk Parish Church accounts for October 1750 shows: "Present for the poor from Sir Harry Munro, five guineas, for the privilege of a Tomb upon Sir Robert, my Father, in the Church-yard". With elaborate decoration, and inscriptions in Latin and English language, which were renewed in 1848 and again in 1901, the monument was left in position when neighbouring stones were cleared away a few in years ago. Now, by its latest restoration, it is once more a fitting reminder of the man it commemorates: "Sincere and active in the service of his friends, humane and forgiving to his enemies, generous and benevolent to all, his death was universally regretted even by those who slew him." See also Munro Baronets. Clan Munro. References 1. ^ "History of the Munros of Fowlis". By Alexander Mackenzie. P. 132 - 133. Published in 1898. Preceded by Robert Douglas Parliament of Great Britain Member of Parliament for Tain Burghs 17101741 Baronetage of Nova Scotia Baronet (of Foulis-Obsdale) 17291746 Succeeded by Charles Erskine

Preceded by Robert Munro

Succeeded by Harry Munro

Battle of Falkirk Muir

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Monument to the Battle of Falkirk Muir Date Location Result 17 January 1746 Falkirk, Scotland Jacobite victory Belligerents Hanoverians Henry Hawley ca. 7000 men 350 killed/wounded, 300 captured Jacobites Charles Edward Stuart Lord George Murray ca. 8000 men 50 killed, 80 wounded

During the Second Jacobite Rising, the Battle of Falkirk Muir (Scottish Gaelic: Blr na h-Eaglaise Brice) was the last noteworthy Jacobite success. The battlefield has been inventoried and protected by Historic Scotland under the Historic Environment (Amendment) Act 2011.[1] Background After turning back from Derby, for want of either any significant support from English Jacobites or a French invasion, the Jacobite Army returned to Scotland and besieged Major General Blakeney in Stirling Castle. Lieutenant General Henry Hawley led his troops from Edinburgh to relieve Blakeney. The Jacobite army was 8,000 strong, the largest assembled throughout the Rising. They were pitched against a regular Hanoverian army. The battle itself was a hectic and scrambling affair, fought in a storm of wind and torrential rain, so confusing that neither side was initially aware of the outcome. Prelude The Jacobite army left Glasgow on 3 January in two columns. One column of six Highland battalions, led by Lord George Murray marched towards Falkirk, via Cumbernauld, to make it appear as if they were heading towards Edinburgh. Instead he turned north before reaching Falkirk and moved just outside of Stirling in Bannockburn. Murray stationed Lord Elcho at Linlithgow with a detachment of cavalry to patrol the road to Edinburgh. The Pretender moved another column to Bannockburn via Kilsyth. There he set his headquarters and resided at Bannockburn House as the guest of Sir Hugh Paterson, a Jacobite supporter. Lord John Drummond set forth from Perth with four thousand men and heavy artillery. Now boasting a force of 8,000 men the Jacobites sent a drummer to Stirling on 5 January demanding the surrender of the town. A garrison of 500 militiamen responded by shooting at the drummer who then ran for his life. Three days later the town council agreed to surrender. Yet, Stirling Castle itself was held by a small garrison of trained militiamen and troops under the command of Major General William Blakeney, who politely declined to surrender. Thereupon the Pretender ordered the castle to be besieged. He entrusted this task to a French artillery 'expert' of Scottish descent, Monsieur Mirabel de Gordon. Gordon chose a poor location in digging trenches for the Jacobite cannons, lower and completely in range of the castle's own guns. Following the victory at Falkirk the cannon would be destroyed after firing a single shot. Because of the man's demonstrated incapacity, the Scots afterward referred to Mirabel as "Mr. Admirable."[2] At the same time, dissension arose as the Highland chiefs resented the Pretender's decision to not hold councils, relying only on the advice of his Irish "Men of Moidart." Also causing concern was Charles's continued drinking. As this went on, General Hawley brought an army of 13,000 from Newcastle upon Tyne to Edinburgh, sending an advance unit to Linlithgow on 13 January. Lord Elcho fell back to Falkirk where he met Lord George Murray. Hawley advanced with his main army of 6,000 on 15 January, intending to relieve Stirling Castle, whereupon Murray and

Elcho withdrew to Bannockburn. The Jacobites planned for battle on 15 January at Plean Muir, just southeast of Bannockburn. They were expecting an attack from Hawley's forces, but it never came. Battle Hawley was encamped at Falkirk, and showed no signs of moving. Thus, on the morning of 17 January, the Jacobites planned an offensive. The army moved cautiously towards Falkirk, avoiding the main road and heading for the Hill of Falkirk which overlooked Hawley's encampment below. With General Hawley established at nearby Callendar House, the government army was taken by surprise. At 1:00 pm an officer informed Hawley of the Jacobite approach. Hawley refused to believe the message and did not verify the information for himself. Instead, he remained at Callendar House, 2000 yards behind his camp, and only sent instructions for his troops to put on their equipment as a precaution. By 2:00 pm the Jacobite attack was imminent and a second messenger from Major General John Huske was sent to Callendar House. Finally aware of the seriousness of the situation, Hawley arrived at his camp hatless and at the gallop. Led by the dragoons, the Hanoverian army rapidly filed south on Maggie Wood's Lane past the Bantaskin House and up the slope of the Falkirk ridge. As the leading elements reached the summit, they could see the Pretender's army bearing down on them from the northwest. Marching across the front of the Highlanders, the dragoon regiments reached a bog on the far side of the rise and faced to their right. The infantry began to form to the right of the dragoons, facing west. About this time a storm struck the area with very heavy rain, hindering deployment and wetting the black powder cartridges. In the subsequent action one out of four muskets missed fire.[3] From left to right, the Hanoverian front line consisted of Ligonier's (13th), Cobham's (10th) and Hamilton's (14th) Dragoon Regiments. Continuing the first line were Edward Wolfe's (8th), Cholmondeley's (34th), Pulteney's (13th), The Royal (1st), Price's (14th) and Ligonier's (59th) British Regiments of Foot. In the second line stood Blakeney's (27th), Munro's (37th), Fleming's (36th), Barrel's (4th) and Battereau's (62nd) British foot regiments. Last to arrive, Howard's (3rd Old Buffs) regiment took position in a third line.[4] A few hundred yards behind the dragoons, the Glasgow militia were drawn up. The Argyll militia took position on the far right of Hawley's line. Two cannon became stuck in a bog. When the battle began, the English gun crews were still trying to free them. The Jacobite army marched up and deployed in three lines, facing east. In the front line, from right to left were the MacDonalds, Camerons, Frasers, MacPhersons, Mackintoshes, Mackenzies, Farquharsons and Stewarts of Appin. Posted in the second line were the regiments of Lord Lewis Gordon, Lord Ogilvy and the Atholl Brigade. In the third line were small units of horsemen, plus a unit of French regulars (Irish Picquets from the Irish Brigade). The Prince failed to appoint a left wing commander, though Lord George Murray took charge of the right wing. Murray dismounted and led the three MacDonald regiments on the extreme right.[5] Because Hawley's army formed up so hurriedly, its dispositions were unusual. The dragoons on the left wing were directly opposed to the Highland right flank foot soldiers. The left of the British infantry faced the Highland army's center. Three foot regiments on the Hanoverian right completely overlapped the Jacobite left, but there was a ravine separating the two sides. The ravine prevented the British units from flanking the Stewarts of Appin, but it also protected Hawley's right. At 4:00 pm, Colonel Francis Ligonier received orders to charge the Jacobite right with the British dragoons. Hawley apparently believed in the superiority of cavalry over the Highlanders. The Jacobites waited until the dragoons trotted into pistol range then let loose with a crushing volley. "Eighty dragoons fell dead upon the spot."[6] A handful of the British horsemen closed with the Highlanders, but most fled. Cobham's dragoons rode north between the infantry battle lines. The other two regiments bolted to the rear. One company of the Glasgow militia was ridden over and scattered by Hamilton's fleeing dragoons. Those horsemen who continued to fight fell victim to an unusual tactic. The Highlanders dropped their muskets and crouched on the ground, using their dirks to kill the horses and stabbing the riders as they fell. Another Highlander tactic when confronted with cavalry was to aim their swords at the horses head rather than the rider. A horse wounded this way will tend to circle and render the rider an easy target.[7] The complete rout of the cavalry compromised the entire Hanoverian position. Murray tried to restrain the MacDonalds, but they spontaneously rushed after the fleeing horsemen. The Highland right and center fired one volley, flung down their muskets and dashed toward the Hanoverian infantry, claymores in hand. Attacked in front and flank, with rain now beating in their faces, Hawley's left-wing infantry fired an ineffective volley and ran for the rear, carrying away the second line as well. Shielded by the ravine in their front, only the government right flank regiments held firm. Price's and Ligonier's regiments were joined by Barrel's from the second line. General Huske marched them a short distance uphill where they fired into the flank of the Highlanders who were in pursuit of the panicked Hanoverian left and center. Soon they were joined by Cobham's rallied dragoons, who tried to attack the Jacobite rear. This attack was foiled by the Irish Picquets (French regulars) who had been held in reserve. Most of Hawley's army was routed while most of the Jacobite army was scattered in pursuit or pillaging the dead. The Atholl Brigade remained intact and Murray took charge of it and some MacDonalds. Huske soon withdrew with his three foot regiments, leaving the field to the Jacobites. It was now dark and the storm was growing fiercer; confusion ensued and Murray lost sight of the enemy. The Hanoverian survivors retreated east towards Linlithgow, with Grenadiers pulling Hawley's remaining cannon as the artillery horses had been lost. Murray had won a huge victory but did not realize it yet. It was not until the next morning that some 300 Hanoverian soldiers were seen lying dead in the rain. Aftermath The Jacobites emerged victorious, but failed to take advantage of the encounter. Hawley claimed to have suffered only 280 casualties, but his losses were much greater. Around 350 Royal troops were killed, wounded or missing, and some 300 captured. On the Hanoverian side, Sir Robert Munro and three lieutenant-colonels were killed. Ligonier fell ill and died soon after the battle. The Jacobite losses were around 50 dead and 80 wounded. The Jacobites seized some Hanoverian tents, ammunition, wagons, and three of their cannons, but they remained in or around Falkirk for most of the month and lost any initiative they may have gained from the victory. Instead of pursuing Hawley, the Young Pretender chose to stay in Bannockburn House, where he developed a feverish cold and was taken care of by Clementina Walkinshaw. This gave Hawley the opportunity to reorganize and strengthen his army in Edinburgh.[8] Following the Battle of Falkirk, the Royal troops were billeted at the Palace of Holyroodhouse, where they did a huge amount of damage to the famous Jacob de Wett paintings in the Great Gallery. The paintings were restored in 2003 by Brian McGlauchlen. Notes It is said that Sir John Cope made 10,000 in a wager that his successor would be beaten by the Highlanders as he had been. Citations 1. ^ "Inventory battlefields". Historic Scotland. http://www.historicscotland.gov.uk/index/heritage/battlefields/battlefieldsunderconsideration.htm. Retrieved 2012-04-12. 2. ^ Tomasson, p 102 3. ^ Tomasson, p 117

^ Tomasson, p 113 ^ Tomasson, p 114 ^ Tomasson, p 119 ^ Memoir of the Rebellion. Chevalier de Johnson, Aide de Camp to George Murray. 1820 ^ Magnusson, Magnus. Scotland The History of a Nation. Grove Press, New York, NY. 2000. Retrieved Dec. 31, 2007. References Smurthwaite, David, Ordnance Survey Complete Guide to the Battlefields of Britain, Webb & Bower Ltd., 1984 Tomasson, Katherine & Buist, Francis, Battles of the '45. London: Pan Books, 1974. External links Battle map at the Library of Scotland Battle of Falkirk Unknown printer: Battle of Falkirk, Bannockburn 1746 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

George Munro, 1st of Culcairn

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Died Allegiance Rank Unit Battles/wars Relations 1746 British Captain Black Watch, 42nd Highlanders Battle of Glenshiel Battle of Fontenoy Sir Robert Munro, 5th Baronet (father) Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet (brother) Sir Harry Munro, 7th Baronet (nephew)

Sir George Munro of Culcairn (died 1746) was a Scottish soldier of the 18th century from Ross-shire, Scotland. Lineage George Munro of Culcairn was the second son of Sir Robert Munro, 5th Baronet of Foulis, chief of the Clan Munro, who was also known as the Blind Baron. George's elder brother was Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet of Foulis, the next successive chief of the clan. 1715 to 1719 Jacobite rising During the 1715 to 1719 Jacobite Risings the Munros always supported the British Government. In 1715 the Mackenzie Jacobite garrison at Inverness surrendered to Simon Fraser of Lovat upon the very day when the Battle of Sheriffmuir was fought and another Jacobite force was defeated at the Battle of Preston (1715). Soon after this 31 year old Colonel Robert Munro of Foulis marched into the town of Inverness with 400 Munros and took over control as governor from Fraser. Government troops arrived in Inverness towards the end of February, and for some months the process of disarming the rebels went on led by a Munro detachment under George Munro of Culcairn.[1] In 1719 Captain George Munro of Culcairn led a detachment of Munros at the Battle of Glenshiel where they helped to defeat the Jacobites. George Munro was wounded during the action. George, wounded was shielded by his servant, however he told his men to carry on and not to shield him. The Jacobites continued to fire at George after he was down, until Sergeant Robert Munro, son of Hugh Munro of Tullochue, with a small party, dislodged Captain George Munro's assailants, after having previously swore upon his dirk that he would effect his rescue. The Jacobites were soon put into retreat and after the battle the Jacobite rising was over.[1] Historian Peter Simpson states that the Munro company ably led by George Munro of Culcairn took a very positive part in the fighting and that their bold action helped in the defeat of the Jacobites under the Earl Marischall.[2] Simpson also states that the battle raged for three hours but the superior power of the government grenadiers along with the aggressive forays of the Munros won the day for the government.[3] The Black Watch and War in France In 1725 six Independent Black Watch companies were formed. One of Munros, one of Frasers, one of Grants and three of Campbells. George Munro of Culcairn was made a Captain in Munro's company under his elder brother Robert. The regiment then was officially known as the 42nd Regiment of Foot or the 42nd Royal Highlanders. The regiments first action together came at the Battle of Fontenoy in 1745 against the French. For the first time in a European battle they introduced a system of infantry tactics (alternatively firing and taking cover) that was not superseded. Springing up and closing with the enemy, they several times drove them back, and finished with a successful rear-guard action against French cavalry. 1745 to 1746 Jacobite rising Later during the 1745 to 1746 Jacobite rising the Munros continued their support for the British Government. George Munro was appointed the command of the Clan Munro Independent Company. While his elder brother, Robert Munro, now the chief of the clan was appointed command of the English 37th Regiment of Foot and Robert's son, Sir Harry Munro, 7th Baronet held command in Loudon's Highlanders regiment. General Sir John Cope arrived at Inverness on 29 August 1745. George Munro of Culcairn met him and agreed that the Munros "should instantly take arms and join the King's troops". Harry Munro joined Sir John Cope at the Water of Nairn and when the army marched for Aberdeen on 4 September Loudon's Highlanders regiment included his three companies, while George Munro of Culcairn's detachment acted as scouts. Sir John Cope remained in Aberdeen where a fourth company of Loudoun's regiment joined the others until 14 September from whence they sailed to Dunbar and their infamous defeat at the Battle of Prestonpans. Harry was among 70 officers taken prisoner and for a time was imprisoned in Glamis Castle but by mid January 1746 he

was among 31 men released who arrived at Edinburgh, where he learnt the tragic news of his father Robert and his uncle Duncan's death after the Battle of Falkirk (1746). Meanwhile the main body of Munros having escorted Sir John Cope successfully to Aberdeen had returned to the north under George Munro of Culcairn and were not present at Prestonpans. However George Munro and his Independent Company seem to have been involved in the events which led up to the Battle of Inverurie (1745) if not involved in the battle itself. One account does state that the Munros under George Munro of Culcairn were positioned in such a way that they were able to attack the advancing Jacobites from the front and flank leaving many dead on the field.[4] Another account states that the Munros held position at the village of Oldmeldrum and were not involved in the battle at all.[5] John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun and Sir John Cope had escaped by sea to London after the Battle of Prestonpans from whence Loudoun later returned north to Inverness to take command in the north but was forced with the Lord President Forbes and George Munro of Culcairn to withdraw through the Black Isle into Ross-shire being pressed by a much larger Jacobite force. After the Battle of Falkirk (1746), Mackenzie Jacobites had burned Foulis Castle leaving it a semi ruin. In April of that year the Jacobite army was finally defeated at the Battle of Culloden by Government forces, although Loudon's regiment were present Harry Munro was listed as missing on leave and George Munro of Culcairn had already returned north.[6] Assassination After the Jacobite rising had been suppressed a Munro Independent Company under Harry Munro of Foulis and the command of his uncle, George Munro of Culcairn continued to police the Highlands. George Munro and his Independent Company burned Achnacarry Castle of the Clan Cameron to the ground, watched by Donald Cameron, chief of the Clan Cameron. The Camerons had been the most staunch of Jacobites and were also responsible for the murder of George's elder brother Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet after the Battle of Falkirk. Around the same time that Achnacarry Castle was burned a Government officer from the Clan Grant was watched ordering the execution of a group of Jacobite Camerons who had surrendered. The Camerons who watched the execution from the hillside said that the officer, Grant of Knockando rode a white horse and wore a long navy blue cloak. Later, on 31 August 1746, Captain Grant of Knockando and Captain George Munro of Culcairn were riding up the side of Locharkaigside and had reached a point on the track just past Kenmore, when George Munro fell from his horse mortally wounded by a shot fired from the wood on the right of the track. He had borrowed Grant's horse and coat and as a result was shot in mistake for him by Dugal Roy Cameron whose brother had been executed on the orders of Grant.[7][8][9] Family George's son, John Munro, 2nd of Culcairn is also well remembered for the unusual hospitality he showed to a Jacobite Bishop in the 1760s. It is recorded how John Munro of Culcairn treated him to the best of Strong Ale, Claret of Vintage 49 and good Coffee made of his own Wheat. The Bishop also described Culcairn's improvements: his grounds produce the best of Wheat and he has erected a Flour-Miln for dressing it.[10] Independent Company Amongst the men in George Munro of Culcairn's independent company who supported the British Government during the 1745 - 1746 Jacobite rising were:[11] Hugh Munro (of Achany) (Ensign) Robert Munro (sergeant) Hugh Munro (sergeant) Hugh Munro (of Ardullie) (sergeant) Charles Munro (corporal) Robert Munro (in Wester Foulis) (surgeon) Alexander Munro (of Katwall) (soldier) Alexander Munro (in Fyrish) (soldier) Alexander Bain Munro (of Katwall) (soldier) Alexander Munro (in Alness) (soldier) Alexander Munro (in Drummond) (soldier) Alexander Munro (in Kildermory (soldier) Alexander McGilichallum Munro (in Milntown) (soldier) David Munro (soldier) Donald Baine Munro (soldier) Donald Bain Munro (soldier) Donald Munro (in Brigend) (soldier) Donald Munro (in Dalbreak) (soldier) Donald Grassich Munro (in Kiltearn) (soldier) Donald Munro (in Koldermory) (soldier) Donald Munro (in Katwell) (soldier) Donald Munro (in Teanaird - the younger) (soldier) Donald Munro (in Teanaird - the elder) (soldier) Donald Munro (in Ribbigill) (soldier) Donald Munro (in Farr) (soldier) Donald McFinlay Roy Munro (soldier) Donald Munro (in Druminloy) (soldier) Donald McCallie Munro (soldier) George McGillichallum Munro (in Foulis) (soldier) George Munro (in Obsdale (soldier) George Munro (in Newton) (soldier) George Munro (in Auchany) (soldier) Hector Oig Munro (soldier) Hugh Munro (in Auchnacullan) (soldier) Hugh Munro (in Kydoich) (soldier)

 Hugh Callanach Munro (in Foulis) (soldier) John Allanson Munro (soldier) John Ballach Munro (in Culcairn) (soldier) John Bain Munro (in Balblair) (soldier) John McFarquhar Munro (in Wester Foulis) (soldier) John Naffaid Munro (in Teanriven) (soldier) John McGillispick Munro (soldier) John Allanson Munro (in Newtown) (soldier) Niel Ballach Munro (in Wester Foulis) (soldier) Robert Munro (soldier) Robert Munro (in Rufaqr) (soldier) Robert Bain Munro (in Newtown) (soldier) Robert Macangus Munro (in Katwall) (soldier) Roderick Munro (in Culcraggie) (soldier) Ronald Munro (in Swardell) (soldier) William Munro (in Obsdale - the elder) (soldier) William Munro (in Obsdale - the younger) (soldier) William Munro (in Balchastle) (soldier) William Munro (miller in Mulinuoran) (soldier) William Munro (in Balcony) (soldier) William Buy Munro (in Contrillich) (soldier) William Munro (in Drummond, Easter Ross) (soldier) William Munro (in Plaids) (soldier) William McRikan Munro (in Teanriven) (soldier) Donald Mackay (drummer) Donald Mackay (soldier) Alexander Mackay (soldier) John Mackay (soldier) Robert Mackay (soldier) William McLean (soldier) Donald McLeod (soldier) John McLeod (soldier) Angus Mcpherson (soldier) Donald Mcurchie (soldier) James Cameron (soldier) Evan Cameron (soldier) Roderick Campbell (soldier) Donald Davie (soldier) Duncan Douglas (soldier) John Ferguson (soldier) Robert Grant (corporal) Simon Gray (soldier) Donald Hossack (soldier) John Leslie (soldier) Alexander McDonald (soldier) Duncan McDonald (soldier) William McDonald (soldier) William McDonald (elder) (Soldier) John Mcevan (soldier) John McIntosh (soldier) David Ross (soldier) James Oag Ross (soldier) John McGillichallum Ross (soldier) Robert Ross (soldier) Alexander Sutherland (soldier) Robert Sutherland (soldier) George Urquhart (soldier) Alexander Williamson (soldier) References 1. ^ a b "The History of the Munroes of Fowlis". p. 104 - 107. By Alexander MacKenzie 2. ^ Simpson, Peter. "The Highland Independent Companies, 1603 - 1760". Page 155. (1996). ISBN 0-85976-432-X. 3. ^ Simpson, Peter. "The Highland Independent Companies, 1603 - 1760". Page 103. (1996). ISBN 0-85976-432-X. 4. ^ Mackenzie, Alexander. The History of the Munros of Fowlis. Page 108 - 109. Published 1898. 5. ^ Leslie, Colonel. Historical records of the family of Leslie from 1067 to 1868-9 collected from public records and authentic private sources, Volume: Volume III. 176-189. Published by Edmonston and Douglas, Edinburgh, 1869.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

^ Clan Munro Magazine No. 14 by R W Munro. ^ Donald Cameron, 4th of Clunes@Cameron-Site.co m ^ http://chrsouchon.free.fr/hamoleab.htm ^ On Emigration and the State of the Highlands Appendix B.@ElectricScotland.com ^ "The Clan Munro" by CI Fraser of Reeling. p. 10 - 11. Johnston and Bacon Clan Histories. [1] ^ Dobson, David. Scottish Highlanders on the Eve of the Great Migration, 1725 - 1775: The Northern Highlands. ISBN 0-8063-5363-5

Clan Munro

Crest: An eagle perching Proper Motto: Dread God War cry: Caisteal Folais 'na Theine
Region District Plant badge Pipe music Gaelic name Highland Easter-Ross Common club moss Bealach na Broige Mac an Rothaich

Clan Munro is a Highland Scottish clan. The clan lands were on the north side of the Cromarty Firth and also contained the mountain Ben Wyvis and the Black Rock Gorge. Traditional origins The main traditional origin of the clan is that the Munros came from Ireland and settled in Scotland in the 11th century and that they fought as mercenary soldiers under the Earl of Ross who defeated Viking invaders in Ross-shire. The clan under chief Donald Munro, son of O'Ceann were granted lands in Rosshire and a seat at Foulis Castle as a reward for helping King Malcolm II of Scotland to defeat Viking invaders from Scandinavia.[1] Traditionally, Donald Munro's grandson Hugh Munro was the first Munro recorded to be authentically designated Baron of Foulis, he died in 1126. A reliable scholar, Alexander Nisbet stated that George Munro, 5th Baron of Foulis received a charter from the Earl of Sutherland during the reign of Alexander II of Scotland, but this charter can no longer be traced.[1] Recorded origins The clan name Munro, which in Gaelic is Rothach, Roich, or Mac an Rothaich, means Ro - Man or Man from Ro, and supports the traditional origin that the clan was from the River Roe area in Ireland and came to Scotland in the 11th century. However this tradition only exists in writing from the late 17th century.[2] The first chief of Clan Munro who can be proved by contemporary evidence is Robert de Munro (traditionally the 8th Baron) who died in 1369. The "de" preposition in his name was a Norman word which means "of", and therefore suggests at least, a Norman influence. The Normans introduced the feudal system to Scotland. The Clan Munro Association states that the Munros made the transition from Celtic chiefs to feudal lords, but it is not clear when this came about.[3] DNA testing has shown that the original chiefs of the Clan Munro had the Y-DNA halo group I2a, which is particularly rare in Britain and Ireland. The vast majority of the clansmen who have been Y-DNA tested are unrelated to the chief's line and have a different YDNA halo group, R1b,[4] which is the most frequent Y-DNA group in Britain and Ireland.[5] It is a common misconception that every person who bears a clan's name is a lineal descendant of the chiefs.[6] Many clansmen although not related to the chief took the chief's surname or a variant of it as their own to show solidarity or for basic protection.[6] Wars of Scottish Independence By tradition, during the Wars of Scottish Independence chief Robert Munro, 6th Baron of Foulis led the clan in support of King Robert the Bruce at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. Robert Munro survived the battle but his son George was killed. George however had a son of his own before he died also called George. This George Munro succeeded his grandfather Robert as chief and led the clan at the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333 where he died.[7]

Chief 'Robert de Munro' is the first chief of the clan to be recorded by contemporary evidence.[8] He was married to a relative of the Earl of Ross and had many charters confirmed to him under King David II of Scotland including one in 1350 for the "Tower of Strathskehech" and "Estirfowlys". Robert was killed in an obscure skirmish fighting in defence of Uilleam III, Earl of Ross in 1369. His son Hugh Munro was also granted many charters including one in respect of the "Tower of Strathschech" and "Wesstir Fowlys" from Euphemia I, Countess of Ross in 1394.[7] 15th century and clan conflicts In 1411 a major feud broke out between Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany and Domhnall of Islay, Lord of the Isles over the Earldom of Ross. This resulted in the Battle of Harlaw where chief Hugh Munro, 9th Baron of Foulis rose up in support of the Lord of the Isles whose son became the Earl of Ross through marriage. The Munros are said to have fought in the Lord of the Isles 'host' against an army of Scottish Lowlanders led by Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar.[7][9] In 1428 a group of Munros were granted remission by King James I of Scotland for past offences when he came to Inverness to assert his authority in the Highlands.[7] In 1452 a rebellion broke out by a force of tribes loyal to Mackenzie of Kintail who had taken hostage the Earl of Ross's nephew. This resulted in the Battle of Bealach nam Broig, fought north-west of Ben Wyvis where the Munros and Dingwalls rescued the Ross hostage and exterminated their enemies but with a great loss of their own men.[10] Two years later in 1454 John Munro, 1st of Milntown, uncle of the next chief led the Clan Munro on a raid into Perthshire, on their return they were ambushed by the Clan Mackintosh which resulted in the Battle of Clachnaharry.[11] In 1491 a document was signed and sealed at the Munros' Foulis Castle, reading in Gaelic: caisteal biorach, nead na h-iolair meaning castle gaunt-peaked, the eagle's nest. In allusion to the chief's heraldic emblem.[12] In 1495 King James of Scotland assembled an army at Glasgow and many of the Highland chiefs made their submissions to him, including the Munro and Mackenzie chiefs. Later in 1497 MacDonald of Lochalsh rebelled against the king, invading the lands of Ross-shire where he was defeated at the Battle of Drumchatt by the Munros and Mackenzies.[13] This version of events is recorded by early 19th century historian Donald Gregory and is accepted by modern historians,[14][15] although late 19th century historian Alexander Mackenzie disputes the Munros' presence at the battle and says instead that the Munros and Mackenzies fought each other at Drumchatt in 1501.[16] 16th century and clan conflicts In 1500, the Munros of Milntown began construction of Milntown Castle, although it was opposed by the Rosses for being too close to their Balnagown Castle.[17] In the early 16th century a rebellion broke out by Domhnall Dubh, chief of Clan MacDonald against the king. The MacDonalds were no longer Lords of the Isles or Earls of Ross. A commission was given to the Earl of Huntly, the Lord Lovat, and William Munro of Fowlis to proceed to Lochaber against the rebels. The Camerons supported the rebel Domhnall Dubh. Sir William Munro of Foulis was sent to Lochaber on the King's business and was killed in an engagement between the Camerons and MacKays at a place called Achnashellach in 1505.[18] It is Clan Cameron tradition that they defeated a joint force of Munros and Mackays at the Battle of Achnashellach in 1505.[19] Domhnall Dubh was captured in 1506 and Ewen Cameron was later executed.[20] In 1527, 30 of April, A bond of friendship was signed at Inverness between: Chief Hector Munro of Foulis; John Campbell of Cawdor, the Knight of Calder; Hector Mackintosh of Mackintosh, Chief of Clan Mackintosh, captain of Clanchattan; Hugh Rose of Kilravock, Chief of Clan Rose; and "Donald Ilis of Sleat".[21] In 1529 a charter was signed between chief Hector Munro, 13th Baron of Foulis and Lord Fraser of Lovat to assist and defend each other.[22] In 1544 Robert Munro, 14th Baron of Foulis, signed a bond of kindess and alliance with the chief of Clan Ross of Balnagowan.[23] In 1547 the English led by Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset invaded Scotland which resulted in the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh where chief Robert Munro, 14th Baron of Foulis died fighting at the last major battle between the Royal Scottish and Royal English armies.[9] In 1549, Donald Monro, Dean of the Isles, visited Finlaggan Castle, seat of the chiefs of Clan Donald.[24][25] Robert Mor Munro, 15th Baron of Foulis was a staunch supporter and faithful friend of Mary, Queen of Scots, and consequently was treated favourably by her son James VI of Scotland. When Mary went to Inverness Castle in 1562 the gates of the castle were shut against her. The Frasers and Munros, esteemed the most valiant clans in the north took the castle for the Queen.[26] Between 1569 and 1573 Andrew Munro, 5th of Milntown defended and held, for three years, the Castle Chanonry of Ross, which he had received from the Regent Moray who died in 1569, against the Clan MacKenzie, at the expense of many lives on both sides. The feud was settled when the castle was handed over to the Mackenzies because they had obtained the right to own the castle.[27][28] In 1587, Foulis Castles', "tower and fortalice" are mentioned in a charter from the Crown.[12] In 1597 the Battle of Logiebride took place between clansmen from the Clan Munro and Clan Bane against clansmen from the Clan Mackenzie.[29] 17th Century Thirty Years' War During the early 17th century the Munros continued their strong military traditions, fighting in the continental Thirty Years' War where Robert Munro, 18th Baron of Foulis, known as the Black Baron and 700 members of Clan Munro joined the army of Gustavs Adolphus, in defence of Protestantism in Scandinavia along with many men from the Clan Mackay. Taking a more prominent role was the Black Baron's cousin, General Robert Monro from the Obsdale branch of the clan. Robert and his men served with distinction and received the name of the "Invincibles" in recognition of their prowess. There were twenty-seven field officers and eleven captains of the name of Munro in the Swedish army.[30] Bishops' Wars and Civil War During the Bishops' Wars General Robert Monro of the Obsdale branch of the clan laid siege to and took Spynie Palace, Drum Castle and Huntly Castle. From 1642 to 1648 he commanded the Scottish Covenanter army in Ireland during Irish Confederate Wars[30][31] There were several Munro officers in regiments that fought on the covenanter side at the Battle of Philiphaugh in 1645.[8] Sir George Munro, 1st of Newmore who fought in Ireland as a covenanter later became a royalist after his uncle, Robert Monro was imprisoned by Cromwell in 1648. In September of that year George Munro and his men defeated the advance forces of Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll at the Battle of Stirling (1648).[32][33] In 1649 Colonel John Munro of Lemlair, Colonel Hugh Fraser, Sir Thomas Urquhart of Cromarty and Thomas Mackenzie of Pluscardine were all opposed to the authority of the current parliament. They took Inverness Castle, expelled the garrison and raised the fortifications. However, on the approach of the parliamentary forces led by General David Leslie, Lord Newark they retreated back into Ross-shire.[34] On hearing of this rising against Leslie, James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, leader of royalist forces and his invading army of foreigners landed in Ross-shire, hoping for support from the clans. However, he was actually opposed by the Munros, Rosses and Sutherlands who then chose to support Leslie and the Scottish Argyll Covenanter Government. The Munros, led by John Munro of Lemlair and their allies

completely defeated the invading army at the Battle of Carbisdale in 1650.[31][35][36] By 1651 the Scottish Covenantor Government had become disillusioned with the English parliament and supported the royalists instead. William Munroe was one of four Munroes captured at the Battle of Worcester and transported to America.[37] Sir Alexander Munro of Bearcrofts survived and escaped the battle at Worcester.[33][38] The Restoration of Charles II took place in 1660. The then chief's brother, George Munro, 1st of Newmore commanded the king's forces in Scotland from 1674 to 1677.[39] In 1689 chief Sir John Munro, 4th Baronet was one of the Scottish representatives who approved the formal offer of the Scottish Crown to William of Orange and his Queen.[38] In the same year George Munro, 1st of Auchinbowie, son of Sir Alexander Munro of Bearcrofts commanded royalist forces that defeated the Jacobites at the Battle of Dunkeld.[38][40] 18th century After Queen Elizabeth I of England died without an heir, King James VI of Scotland also became King of England in the Union of the Crowns in 1603. Just over a century later in 1707 the parliaments of England and Scotland were also united in the Acts of Union 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. Jacobite rising of 1715 Known as the Skirmish of Alness, during the Jacobite Rising of 1715, William Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Seaforth led a force of 3000 men including the Clan Mackenzie, Clan MacDonald, Clan Mackinnon, Clan MacRae and Clan Chisholm.[41] He was opposed by Colonel Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet of Foulis who had formed a camp at the Bridge of Alness with 600 men which also included men from the Clan Ross. Munro had sent many of his own men south to protect the lands of the Clan Forbes of Culloden from the Jacobites.[41] Munro was soon joined by the Earl of Sutherland and the chief of Clan Mackay but was still outnumbered and expected support from the Clan Grant did not arrive. Seaforth's forces advanced on the Sutherland's camp who made a quick retreat to avoid contact with their more powerful foe.[41] Soon afterwards a council of war was held between the two sides and the Sutherlanders and Mackays peacefully moved back north to their own territory, while much of the Ross's lands were ravaged and the Munros returned to find their lands plundered.[41][42] This was fully retaliated by the Munros who then raided the Mackenzie lands of Brahan.[43][44] The Mackenzie Jacobite garrison at Inverness surrendered to Fraser of Lovat upon the very day when the Battle of Sheriffmuir was fought and another Jacobite force was defeated at the Battle of Preston. After this Colonel Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet of Foulis marched into the town of Inverness with 400 Munros and took over control as governor from Fraser. Government troops soon arrived in Inverness and for some months the process of disarming the rebels went on, helped by a Munro detachment under George Munro, 1st of Culcairn.[25] The clan rivalries which had erupted in rebellion were finding an outlet in local politics. Mackenzie's Earl of Seaforth title came to an end in 1716, and it was arranged that while the Clan Ross held the county seat the Munros would represent the Tain Burghs. Ross ascendancy was secure in Tain, and from 1716 to 1745 the Munros controlled Dingwall, with one of Robert Munro's brothers as provost, but not without two armed Munro "invasions" of the county town in 1721 and 1740, when opposing councillors were abducted to secure a favourable result (for the first incident Colonel Robert and his brother were fined 200 each, and after the second his parliamentary career came to an abrupt end with defeat at the 1741 election). Sir Robert Munro, 5th Baronet's younger son, George Munro, 1st of Culcairn raised a detachment from his father's clan to fight at the Battle of Glen Shiel in 1719 where they defeated the Jacobites.[38][45] Black Watch & war against France In 1725 six Independent Black Watch companies were formed. One of Munros, one of Frasers, one of Grants and three of Campbells. These companies were known by the name Am Freacadain Dubh, or Black Watch. By 1740 it had become the 43d Highland regiment and then the 42d Royal Highlanders. Sir Robert Munro was appointed lieutenant-colonel. Among the captains were his next brother, George Munro, 1st of Culcairn, and John Munro, 4th of Newmore promoted to be lieutenant-colonel in 1745. The surgeon of the regiment was Robert's younger brother, Dr Duncan Munro.[25] Their first action came on 11 May 1745, at the Battle of Fontenoy. Allowed "their own way of fighting", each time they received the French fire Col. Sir Robert Munro ordered his men to "clap to the ground" while he himself, because of his corpulence, stood alone with the colours behind him. For the first time in a European battle they introduced a system of infantry tactics (alternatively firing and taking cover) that was not superseded. Springing up and closing with the enemy, they several times drove them back, and finished with a successful rear-guard action against French cavalry.[25][38][46] Jacobite rising of 1745 In June 1745, a month after the battle of Fontenoy, Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet of Foulis was "rewarded" by an appointment to succeed General Ponsonby as Colonel of the English 37th Regiment of Foot. When the Jacobite Rising broke out, his friends in the Highlands hoped for his presence among them. One wrote that it would have been "the greatest service to His Majesty and the common cause", but it was not to be. The Munros supported the British government during the Jacobite uprisings.[46] Chief Colonel Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet had been fighting at the second Battle of Falkirk (1746) when, by account of the rebels, the English 37th Regiment he was in command of ran away and he was surrounded and attacked by seven Cameron Jacobites, he killed at least two with his Half-pike before being shot by a Jacobite commander with a pistol. The Jacobites wished to do special honour to their opponent: They buried Robert in the grave of Sir John de Graham who died at the first Battle of Falkirk (1298). The graves can be seen in Falkirk churchyard.[25][46] Robert's son Sir Harry Munro, 7th Baronet who served as an officer in Loudon's Highlanders had been captured at the Battle of Prestonpans in September 1745. He returned home to find Foulis Castle had been partially destroyed by Jacobites after the Battle of Falkirk. A few months after Falkirk the Jacobites were finally defeated at the Battle of Culloden by government forces. After the rising was suppressed a Munro Independent Company under Harry continued to police the Highlands and was disbanded in 1748. Harry set about rebuilding the castle as it is today incorporating what he could of the original building which now appears as a mansion house built in a formal Georgian style rather than the defensive fort it once was.[45][46] In 1754, Lieutenant Hector Munro, 8th of Novar was ordered to Badenoch to apprehend certain rebels in that district, with special instructions to apprehend John Dubh Cameron better known as "Sergent Mor" of Clan Cameron who he successfully captured.[47] Later clansmen British Empire & Military

Sir Hector Munro, 8th of Novar (17261805), Sir Thomas Munro, 1st Baronet of Linderits (1761 to 1827) and John Munro, 9th of Teaninich (b.1778) were Scottish Generals in the British Army who had great success in India. James Munro (VC) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross during the Crimean War, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Science & Medicine Four direct generations, from the distinguished Auchinbowie-Bearcrofts branch of the clan: John Munro (surgeon), Alexander Monro (primus), Alexander Monro (secundus) and Alexander Monro (tertius) were professors of anatomy at Edinburgh University. From the Monro of Fyrish branch of the clan four generations occupied successively the position of (Principal) Physician of Bethlem Royal Hospital Mountaineering Sir Hugh Munro, 4th Baronet (of Linderits) (18561919) was a founding member of the Scottish Mountaineering Club and produced the first scientific list of all the mountains in Scotland over 3000 ft. Clergy The Munros were also prominent members of the Scottish clergy in the north of Scotland. Andrew Munro (d.1454) was Archdeacon of Ross and for a short time Bishop of Ross.[48] Sir Donald Monro was Dean of the Isles and in 1549 wrote a description of the Western Isles of Scotland.[49] John Munro of Tain (d.1630) was a Presbyterian minister.[50] Rev. Robert Munro (16451704) was a catholic priest who was persecuted for his beliefs and died in imprisonment.[51] Castles Foulis Castle seat of the Munros of Foulis, the chiefs of the Clan Munro. Milntown Castle was the seat of the Munros of Milntown, the senior cadet branch of the Clan Munro. Newmore Castle was seat of the Munros of Newmore. Teaninich Castle was seat of the Munros of Teaninich. Balconie Castle was the seat of the Munros of Balconie. Novar House was seat of the Munros of Novar. Lemlair House was the seat of the Munros of Lemlair. Contullich Castle, owned by various branches of the Clan Munro. Chiefs Main article: Chiefs of Clan Munro The succession of a Highland Chief has traditionally followed the principle of agnatic seniority or patrilineal seniority, whereby succession passes to the former Chief's closest male relative. The 11th Bt Foulis was succeeded by his eldest daughter Eva Marion Munro as chief of the clan. Eva Marion Munro married Col C. H. Gascoigne, their son Patrick took the surname 'Munro' of his maternal grandfather to become clan chief.[52] However the Baronetcy of Foulis was succeeded to by Sir George Hamilton Munro, 12th Baronet (18641945). The current Baronet is Sir Ian Kenneth Munro, 17th Baronet of Foulis. See Main Article: Munro Baronets. See also Munro Baronets Munro (disambiguation) Munroe (disambiguation) Monro (disambiguation) Monroe (disambiguation) Black Watch Military regiment originally formed from highland clans including Clan Munro. Munro Mountains in Scotland with height over 3000 ft. Sources 1. ^ a b The Clan Munro by CI Fraser of Reeling published by Johnston & Bacon of Stirling p.15 to p.16 ISBN 0-71794535-9. Quoting Alexander Nisbet, System of Heraldy, Vol 1, P.350. 2. ^ "Clan Origins@Clan Munro.co.uk". http://www.clanmunro.org.uk/info4.htm. 3. ^ Clan Munro magazine. No. 26. Published by the Clan Munro Association. 2012. Page 15. 4. ^ http://www.familytreedna.com/public/MunroDNA/default.aspx?section=yresults 5. ^ http://www.eupedia.com/europe/european_y-dna_haplogroups.shtml 6. ^ a b www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk. "Scottish Surnames and Variants". Scotland's People. http://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/content/help/index.aspx?560. Retrieved 15 February 2012. 7. ^ a b c d The Clan Munro by CI Fraser of Reeling published by Johnston & Bacon of Stirling. p.17 to p.19. ISBN 07179-4535-9. Quoting: Hugh MacDonald, Highland Papers, Vol 1, Scottish History Society. 8. ^ a b "The Munro Tree 1734". Published in 1978, Edinburgh. By R. W. Munro. ISBN 0-9503689-1-1. 9. ^ a b Foulis Castle and the Monroes of Lower Iveagh by Horace Monroe. 10. ^ Thomas, Capt., F W L, "Traditions of the MacAulays of Lewis", Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland., Volume 14, p.381. "Sir Robert Gordon's 'Genealogie of the Earles of Southerland'. 11. ^ John Anderson, Historical Account of the family of Fraser. Quoting from an MS History in the Advocate's Library. 12. ^ a b "Mapping the Clan Munro". Published by the Clan Munro Association 1987. Printed by Lindsay & Co. Ltd. Edinburgh. 13. ^ Donald Gregory's History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland from A.D. 1493 to A.D. 1625. Published in 1836. 14. ^ Clan Donald. By Donald J MacDonald. Page 129. Published in 2008. 15. ^ Feuds, Forays and Rebellions: History of the Highland Clans 1475 - 1625. By John L Roberts. Published in 1999. 16. ^ "History of the Munros of Fowlis". pages 28 - 34. By Alexander Mackenzie. Published 1898. 17. ^ Gordon, Robert, History of the Earldom of Sutherland 18. ^ The Clan Munro by CI Fraser of Reeling, Johnston & Bacon, Stirling. p.21. ISBN 0-7179-4535-9. 19. ^ http://www.clan-cameron.org/battles/1505.html Battle of Achnashellach@Clan Cameron.org

^ The Camerons, A History of Clan Cameron. By John Stewart of Ardvorlich. Published by the Clan Cameron Association. Printed by Jamieson & Munro Ltd. Stirling. 1974. 21. ^ Innes, Cosmo; Campbell Cawdor, John Frederick Vaughan (1859). The Book of the Thanes of Cawdor: A Series of Papers Selected from the Charter Room at Cawdor. 1236-1742. http://books.google.com/?id=nwEhAAAAMAAJ&vq=munro&dq=cawder+manrent+munro. 22. ^ "History of the Munroes of Fowlis" by Alexander Mackenzie. p. 36. 1898. 23. ^ The Scottish Clans and Their Tartans. Page 79. Library Edition. Published by W. & A. K. Johnston, Limited. Edinburgh and London. 1885. 24. ^ "Why Finlaggan? - Finlaggan Trust". http://www.finlaggan.com/page/23.asp. 25. ^ a b c d e Anderson, William (1836). The Scottish Nation: Or the families, surnames families, honours and Geographical History of the People of Scotland. pp. 2138. http://books.google.com/books?id=3rQEAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA216&dq=Donald+Munro,+or+Monro#PPA213,M1. 26. ^ George Buchanan's (1506 -1582), History of Scotland, completed in 1579, first published in 1582. 27. ^ Genealogical History of the Earldom of Sutherland. By Sir Robert Gordon of Gordonstoun (1580 - 1656). 28. ^ History of the Scottish Highlands, Highland Clans and Scottish Regiments. Compiled in 1830. Edited by John S Keltie F.S.A. Scot.[1] 29. ^ "The History of the Feuds and Conflicts Among the Clans in the Northern Parts of Scotland and in the Western Isles: from the year M.XX1 unto M.B.C.XIX. (1764). First published from a manuscript wrote in the reign of King James VI."[2] 30. ^ a b MacKay, "An Old Scots Brigade". Edinburgh 1885: "Monro, His Expedition with the Worthy Scots Regiment". London 1637. 31. ^ a b John Buchan, "Montrose", p.354. 32. ^ "Battle of Stirling 1648 - Scotwars". http://www.scotwars.com/battle_of_stirling.htm. 33. ^ a b A Sketch of the Clan Munro and William Munroe, Deported from Scotland, settled in Lexington, Massachusetts by James Phinney Monroe 34. ^ "Clan, King and Covenant. The History of the Highland Clans from the Civil War to the Glencoe Massacre". By John L Roberts. ISBN 0-7486-1393-5. Page. 106. 35. ^ "Clan, King and Covenant. The History of the Highland Clans from the Civil War to the Glencoe Massacre". By John L Roberts. ISBN 0-7486-1393-5. Page. 110. 36. ^ "Battle of Carbisdale 1650 - ScotWars". http://www.scotwars.com/battle_of_carbisdale.htm. 37. ^ History and Genealogy of the Lexington, Massachusetts, Munroes by Richard S Munro. 38. ^ a b c d e Clan Munro by CI Fraser of Reeling published by Johnston & Bacon of Stirling. Pages 26 to 28. ISBN 07179-4535-9. 39. ^ "The Munros in History - Part 2@Clan Munro.co.uk". http://www.clanmunro.org.uk/info19.htm. 40. ^ "The Monros of Auchinbowie and Cognate Families". By John Alexander Inglis. Edinburgh. Printed privately by T and A Constable. Printers to His Majesty. 1911. 41. ^ a b c d Memorabilia Domestica or Parish Life in the North of Scotland by the Late Rev. Donald Sage, A.M. Minister of Resolis. Edited by his son. Chapter1. Pages 4 to 5. 42. ^ "Lord Seaforth's Campaign, 1715 and the Laird of Fowlis". By D. M. Rose. 43. ^ Major Fraser's Manuscript, vol. ii, p.78 - 80. 44. ^ The Clan Munro by C.I Fraser of Reeling. p.27. ISBN 0-7179-4535-9. 45. ^ a b Clan Munro Magazine No. 14 by R W Munro 46. ^ a b c d Your Clan Heritage, Clan Munro, Cascade Publishing Company.ISBN 0-907614-07-8. 47. ^ Alexander Mackenzie. "History of the Munros of Fowlis". p.515 - 536 48. ^ Watt, D. E. R., Fasti Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638, 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969) 49. ^ Description of the Western Isles of Scotland (William Auld, Edinburgh, 1774); further editions were published in 1805, 1818 and (with scholarly apparatus) in 1961. ^ Mackenzie, Alexander (1898). History of the Munros of Fowlis 50. 51. ^ McHardy, Stuart. "The White Cockade and other Jacobite Tales". Pages 134 - 138. ISBN 184158441. 52. ^ "The Chief". http://www.clanmunro.org.uk/chief.htm. External links www.clanmunro.org.uk - Official Website of the Clan Munro (Association) (Scotland) www.clanmunrousa.org - Clan Munro Association USA www.clanmunroassociation.ca - Clan Munro Association of Canada www.clanmunroaustralia.org - Clan Munro Association Australia 20.

The Eagle Stone, said to commemorate a Munro battle Foulis Castle

Chiefs of Clan Munro

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Munro of Foulis coat of arms

The chiefs of the Scottish highland Clan Munro, the Munros of Foulis, are according to tradition, descended from a Donald Munro of Foulis who died in 1039. However their descent can only be proved by contemporary evidence back to a Robert de Munro who died in 1369.[1] According to 19th century historian Alexander Mackenzie, the chiefs of the Clan Munro are from as early as the 12th century designated Barons of Foulis.[2] However although the family line can be proved back to Robert de Munro (d.1369) by contemporary evidence, it cannot be proved that they were all actually Barons before they were made Baronets by Charles I in the 1630s. Strictly speaking Robert Mor Munro (d.1588) who Mackenzie designates the 15th Baron was the first true Baron although the Munro chiefs had previously held their lands from the Earl of Ross and directly from the crown for centuries before that.[3] In the 1630s Hector Munro of Foulis, traditionally the 19th Baron and 22nd chief of the clan was made a Baronet by king Charles I, thus becoming Sir Hector Munro, 1st Baronet of Foulis. In 1651 Sir Hector Munro, 2nd Baronet of Foulis died without issue. He was succeeded by his cousin Sir Robert Munro, 3rd Baronet, the eldest male representative of the Munro of Obsdale branch of the Clan Munro, who are descended from chief Robert Mor Munro, 15th Baron of Foulis (d.1588).[4] In 1848 Sir Hugh Munro, 8th Baronet of Foulis died leaving an only daughter. He was succeeded by his cousin Sir Charles Munro, 9th Baronet who was in fact the eldest male representative of the Munros of Culrain branch of the clan. The Munros of Culrain descend from George Munro, 1st of Newmore who was a son of Col. John Munro, 2nd of Obsdale, who was in turn a grandson of chief Robert Mor Munro, 15th Baron of Foulis (d.1588).[2] Some modern historians have claimed that the Munros of Culcairn, who are descended from George Munro, 1st of Culcairn, who was in turn a son of Sir Robert Munro, 5th Baronet (d.1729) should have become chiefs. It has been claimed, although not proven that because the Munro of Culcairn family was living in London, England, it was assumed that they had died out, even though they had not.[5][6] In 1935 Chief Sir Hector Munro, 11th Baronet died and was succeeded to the chieftaincy of the Clan Munro by his daughter, Eva Marion Munro. However the Baronetcy was succeeded to by Sir George Hamilton Munro, 12th Baronet, grandson Sir Charles Munro, 9th Baronet. Therefore the chieftainship of the Clan Munro and Baronetcy of Foulis became separated. See article: Munro Baronets.[7] Eva Marion Munro married Col C. H. Gascoigne. Their son, Patrick, took his mother's maiden name, Munro, in order to become chief of the clan. The current chief of the clan is Hector W. Munro. Chiefs Modern line Name Died Notes Finnian Munro Hector W. Munro The younger of Foulis, eldest son of the present chief. The Present Chief.

Capt. Patrick Munro 1995 Son of Eva Marion Munro and C. H. Gascoigne, took his mothers maiden name to become chief. Eva Marion Munro 1976 eldest daughter of 11th baronet married Col C. H. Gascoigne. Foulis-Obsdale line Name Died Notes Sir Hector Munro, 11th 1935 Colonel in the Seaforth Highlanders ADC to Edward VII & George V - end of male line. Baronet of Foulis Sir Charles Munro, 10th 1888 Deputy Lieutenant & J.P. for Ross-shire. Baronet of Foulis Sir Charles Munro, 9th Of the Munro of Culrain branch, descended from John Munro, 2nd of Obsdale and Chief Robert Mor 1886 Baronet of Foulis Munro 15th Baron of Foulis. Married Amelia, daughter of Frederick Browne. Sir Hugh Munro, 8th 1848 End of direct line. Married Jane, daughter of Alexander Law. Baronet of Foulis Sir Harry Munro, 7th Rebuilt Foulis Castle after a fire destroyed it - MP for Ross-shire 1746 - 47. Married Anne, daughter 1781 Baronet of Foulis of Hugh Rose of Kilravock. Sir Robert Munro, 6th Colonel in the Black Watch - killed at Falkirk, interred in the Churchyard of Falkirk next to Sir John 1746 Baronet of Foulis Graham. Married Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Seymour of Woodlands. Sir Robert Munro, 5th 1729 The Blind Baron. Married Jean, daughter of John Forbes of Culloden. Baronet of Foulis Sir John Munro, Baronet of Foulis 4th 1697 The Presbyterian Mortar Piece. Married Agnes, daughter of Sir Kenneth MacKenzie.

Sir Robert Munro, 3rd Great-grandson of Chief Robert-Mor Munro, 15th Baron of Foulis and eldest surviving son of Col 1668 Baronet of Foulis John Munro, 2nd of Obsdale. Original of Foulis line Name Died Notes Sir Hector Munro, 2nd Baronet of 1651 Died age 17 - ending direct male line. Foulis Sir Hector Munro, Brother of Robert. Made 1st baronet by Charles I. Died in Hamburg, Germany. Married Mary, daughter of 1st Baronet of 1635 Hugh Mackay of Farr and Strathnaver. Foulis Robert Munro, 18th The Black Baron served in the 30 years war - died at Ulm, Germany. Married Margarat daughter of 1633 Baron of Foulis William Sutherland of Duffus. Hector Munro, 17th 1603 Brother of Robert. Married Anne daughter of Hugh Fraser, 5th Lord Lovat. Baron of Foulis Robert Munro, 16th 1589 Died 8 months after his father. Baron of Foulis Known as Mor due to his large stature. A loyal protector of Queen Mary- first Protestant and 1st to be Robert Mor Munro, 1588 buried at Kiltearn Church. Married Margaret, daughter of James Ogilvy of Cardell. Robert later married a 15th Baron of Foulis daughter of Alexander Ross of Balnagowen. Robert Munro, 14th Married Margaret, daughter of Sir Alexander Dunbar of Westfield. Loyal supporter of Scotland against 1547 Baron of Foulis invasion of Protector, Duke of Somerset - killed at Pinkie Hector Munro, 13th Extensive lands confirmed to him by James V at Stirling 1541. Married Kathrine, daughter of chief of 1541 Baron of Foulis MacKenzie of Kintail. William Munro, Justicary and Lieutenant of Inverness and the Earldom of Ross. Married Anne, daughter of Lachlan Og 1505 12th Baron of Foulis MacLean of Duart. Killed in a raid assisting Chief of the Mackays. John Munro, 11th In minority was under his uncle John who led the Clan at Clachnaharry 1454, married Margaret, daughter 1490 Baron of Foulis of Sir William Calder of Calder. George Munro, 10th Under the Great Seal of James I, dated at St. Andrews 1426 - lands of great extent confirmed to him, 1452 Baron of Foulis killed at Battle of Bealach nam Broig. Married a daughter of Alexander MacCulloch of Plaids. Hugh Munro, 9th Joined the Lord of the Isles in contest with Duke of Albany 1411. Married Isabel, daughter of John Keith 1425 Baron of Foulis of 1st of Inverugie. Robert de Munro, A charter confirmed by David II of Scotland 1364. First married Jean, daughter of Ross of Balnagowen. 1369 8th Baron of Foulis Later married a daughter of the laird of Forrester of Corstorphine. Traditional chiefs The earliest ten chiefs of the Clan Munro cannot be confirmed by contemporary evidence. George Munro traditionally the 7th Baron is recorded as the first chief in the Munro MS History written by George Martine between 1673 and 1697.[1] Robert Munro traditionally the 6th Baron is recorded as receiving a charter during the reign of Robert the Bruce in Robertson's Index of Charters, compiled in 1629 and published in 1798 but this charter cannot be found.[8] George Munro traditionally the 5th Baron is recorded by 18th century historian Alexander Nisbet as being on a charter of the early 13th century but this charter cannot be found either.[1] Name Died Comments George Munro, 7th Baron Succeeded his grandfather - continued his support of Bruce, killed at Halidon Hill. Married a 1333 of Foulis daughter of Ross of Balnagowan. George Munro 1314 Only son of Robert - predeceased his father, was killed at Bannockburn. Married a daughter of Kenneth the 4th Earl of Sutherland.

Robert Munro, 6th Baron 1323 Joined the party of King Robert the Bruce, led the clan at Bannockburn in 1314. of Foulis George Munro, 5th Baron 1282 Had all his Ross-shire lands confirmed to him by charter from Alexander II of Scotland before 1249. of Foulis Robert Munro, 4th Baron 1239 Married daughter of the Earl of Sutherland. of Foulis Donald Munro, 3rd Baron 1195 Said to have built the old Tower of Foulis 1154. Assisted Wm the Lion in repressing rebellion. of Foulis Robert Munro, 2nd Baron Loyal subject of David I of Scotland and Malcolm IV of Scotland - Interred in Church of Chanonry of 1164 of Foulis Ross - burial place of Munros for 400 years. Hugh Munro, 1st Baron 1126 First member of the line "Baron of Foulis". of Foulis George Munro Donald Munro 1101 Assisted Malcolm III of Scotland in contention with Macbeth for Crown of Scotland. 1039 Founder of the ancient House of Munro.

See also Clan Munro Munro Baronets Foulis Castle References abc 1. ^ "The Munro Tree 1734". Published in 1978, Edinburgh. By R. W. Munro. ISBN 0-9503689-1-1. ab 2. ^ "The History of the Munros of Fowlis". Alexander Mackenzie. 1898. ^ Clan Munro Association. "Peers and Barons Clan Munro". clanmunro.org.uk. 3. http://www.clanmunro.org.uk/info16.htm. Retrieved 28 February 2010. 4. ^ "The History of the Munros of Fowlis". Alexander Mackenzie. 1898 ^ The Munros who make this claim are in possession of a ships log which belonged to their ancestor Thomas 5. Munro who they claim to be the same Thomas Munro who was the second son of John Munro, 2nd of Culcairn. However this cannot be proved and 19th century historian Alexander Mackenzie, who is known for his inaccuracies states that this Thomas Munro died at sea in 1778 and does not mention him having any children. 6. ^ http://munrofamilybloodhound.blogspot.com/ Blog by claimed descendant of Munro of Culcairn 7. ^ Darryl Lundy. "Munro Baronets - The Peerage.com". Peerage.com. http://thepeerage.com/p31378.htm. Retrieved 27 February 2010. 8. ^ Robertson, William (Deputy Keeper of the Records, Scotland) ."Robertson's Index of Charters", no.55, p.2. 9. Compiled in 1629 and published in 1798.