Eects

of Sea Breezes on Transport in the Los Angeles Basin

Kimberly Smith Boise State University/University of Utah 8 August 2012

Why study the sea breeze?

Important to understand because of forecast diculty (day-to-day variability) Transports air from the Los Angeles basin to the receptor sites in the San Bernardino Valley
Air containing Annas NOX and Lauras NO2 precursors to ozone

Introduc?on Methods Results Summary

Sea Breeze Meteorology

Courtesy: meted.ucar.edu

Introduc?on Methods Results Summary

Sea Breeze Meteorology

Courtesy: meted.ucar.edu

Introduc?on Methods Results Summary

Study Area

Courtesy: Google Earth

Introduc?on Methods Results Summary

Data CollecXon and Analysis

In ight, collected in situ meteorological data as well as whole air samples of marine tracers
Wind speed, wind direcXon Dimethyl sulde, methyl iodide, bromoform, methyl nitrate

Obtained supplementary surface weather data for LAX, FUL, and RAL from the Plymouth State Weather Center
Wind speed, wind direcXon, relaXve humidity, temperature

Ran backwards trajectories at various Xmes using the NOAA ARL HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single ParXcle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

WRF Wind Model

8:00 12:00 M PDT 10:00 P PDT 4:00 AM 2:00 PAM PDT

Heath, N. (2012), personal correspondence

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

Wind ObservaXons
LAX RAL FUL
Sea breeze front Sea Sea breeze breeze front front

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

HYSPLIT Backwards Trajectories

LAX
8:00 AM PDT 4:00 PM PDT 8:00 PM PDT

RAL
8:00 AM PDT 4:00 PM PDT 8:00 PM PDT

hdp://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

HYSPLIT Backwards Trajectories

LAX RAL

4:00 PM PDT

4:00 PM PDT

hdp://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php

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Marine Tracers

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

Summary

Sea breezes transport air containing primary pollutants to the San Bernardino Valley.
Conrmed by the enhanced marine tracer mixing raXos at the receptor sites in the afernoon

WRF model is not capturing the exact sea breeze as shown by the wind observaXons. Future: Fully capture how sea breezes move throughout the basin by segng up more ground observaXon staXons collecXng conXnuous wind data (and marine tracers)
IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

Acknowledgments

Bad News Barrys (Addie, Alexx, Anna, Chris, Laura, Nikki, Sasha) Nicole Grossberg, Dr. Barry Lefer, James Flynn Fellow SARPians Emily, Rick, and the rest of NSERC Nick Heath and Dr. Henry Fuelberg Eric Buzay and Adam Webster Nate Phillips

Specic Humidity
}

SH =((0.000002*T^4) + (0.0002*T^3) + (0.0095*T^2) + ( 0.337*T) +4.9034)*RH where RH is relaXve humidity and T is temp in deg C SH in g/m3

Tropospheric Ozone

Secondary pollutant photodissociaXon of NO2, a pollutant from vehicles

NO2 + h => NO + O O + O2 => O3

Causes minor to major respiratory problems in areas with elevated concentraXons at the surface, such as the Los Angeles (LA) basin Not uniform throughout the troposphere or boundary layer
Introduc?on Methods Results Summary

Tuesday, 26 June Morning Flight

LAX Riverside Area

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

Tuesday Morning Proles

LAX Riverside Area

Boundary Layer

Marine Boundary Layer 10:07 am Winds: SSW 3.5 kts 10:53 am Winds: NW 3 kts

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

Tuesday Afernoon Proles

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary

Dimethyl Sulde (DMS) Transport

Tuesday LAX Morning Tuesday Afernoon

San Bernardino

Riverside Ontario Riverside Area

IntroducXon Methods Results Summary