You are on page 1of 23

:

, 2012


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
----------------------------------------------------------------2
( ) ------------------------------------------------3
---------------------------------------------------------5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------8
--------------------------------------------------10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------19
------------------------------------------------------------------------------20

,
.
, .

.
,
,
.
.
,
.

.
,
, .

(pedunculus).
, .
.
,
2

, ,
(receptaculum).
,, .
tor.
androfor, ginofor
, ginoandrofor andro-ginofor.

hipantium, ,
.
Rosaceae.
(Asteraceae)
.
,
.

( )

()
.
, (, =
perianthium) (, = perigonium) .
() ,
3

, .
(calyx) (sepala),
.
.
,
. 2-5 .
,
. (epicalyh) (Malvaceae).
,
( Papaver somniferum).
(Corolla)
(petala). ,
. ,
, .
,
.
, .
(), (tepala)
, .
,
(Tulipa,Iris,Crocus) , .
, ,
(Urtica), (Morus) , .

:
.
4

(
,) () .
()
(androeceum).
().
( ;stamen) (filamentum)
() (anthera).

.
.
,
(theca), (
conectivum). (
), ,
().
.
.

() (Gynaeceum).
(
).
.
(pistillum).
5

( ) (),
() .
:
(ovarium),
(stylus) (stilodium)
(stigma).
,
.
, .
,
, ;
.
(stylus) (stilodium)
, .

.
, .
.
stylus.
,
,
.

() ,

() ,
, () ( sutura),
,
() .
,
,
.
,,gunaeceum
.

:
..
.

(,, ),
.

.

: .

.
.

,
7

.

.

(), ()
.
,
, . ,
,
.

,
(), () ()
.

() (Magnoliaceae, Ranunculaceae .),
, .

.
() , ,
, .
8

, , .
,
(),
, ,
.
(), .
() ,
() , () .

(). ,
( ) (
). () ,
.
,
. ,
. ,
(,
.).
,
.

.
,

9

() ,
.

() ,
()
.


.
,
, ,
.
(Calyx), C (Corolla),
(Androeceum) G (Gynaeceum),
, (Calyx) (Corolla) (Perigonium).
,
. ,
(+); : 2+2.

; : (5)(5)(2+2)G(2).
(), ().

10

,
.
,
() ( ) (
).
,

.
,
. ,
.


(), (
).
.

.
.

11

(Tulipa, Papaver, Galanthus ),


. ,

.
,
, (), ,
, () .
()
, ()
, ,
.
,
.
(1979) :
(; ), ( ).
.
. , , ,
.
(racemus)
,
.
.

12

(Spica) ,
,
.
(Amentum) ,
,
.
(spadix) ,
, .
spatha.

.
(umbella) ,

.
(capitulum) ,
,
. , ,
(Asteraceae).
. ,
,
.
, ()

,

13

( )
( ).

, 1)
,
2) ,
.
1)
.
( ,
, ,
), (
,
), (
1,2
), (
), (

),
(
, ).

2) ,
.
,
, ,
.
, :

( ),
( )
( )
14

,

(Euphorbiaceae)

. () .

,
..
.
:





.

.
. .

, ,
.

15

: A = ; B = ; C =
; D = ; E =

16

: A = ; B =
; C = ; D =

17

18


1. 5 : .
,
.
.

.
.
2. utricle. 5
. ,
.
3.
.

19


http://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82

20

You might also like