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4.1 KINETICS
Answer all questions
Zamir H. Butt
Name:.
Mark for Section A./37
Mark for section B /13
Total: . /50
Grade..
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(a)
A chemical reaction is first order with respect to compound X and second order with
respect to compound Y.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
By what factor will the rate increase if the concentrations of X and Y are both
doubled?
...........................................................................................................................
(4)
(b)
The table below shows the initial concentrations of two compounds, A and B. And also the
initial rate of the reaction that takes place between them at constant temperature.
Experiment
(i)
[A]/mol dm
[B]/mol dm
3 1
Initial rate/mol dm s
4
0.2
0.2
3.5 10
0.4
0.4
1.4 10
0.8
0.4
5.6 10
3
3
Determine the overall order of the reaction between A and B. Explain how you
reached your conclusion.
Overall order of reaction ................................................................................
Explanation ......................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(ii)
Determine the order of reaction with respect to compound B. Explain how you
reached your conclusion.
Order with respect to B ....................................................................................
Explanation .......................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(iii)
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2.
The hydrolysis of methyl propanoate was studied in acidic conditions at 25C and the rate
equation was found to be
rate = k[CH3CH2COOCH3][H+]
(a)
Use the data below to calculate the value of the rate constant, k, at this temperature.
Deduce its units.
Initial rate of reaction /
3 1
mol dm s
4
1.15 10
Initial concentration of
3
hydrochloric acid / mol dm
0.150
0.555
(b)
The reaction in part (a) was repeated at the same temperature, but water was added so that
the volume of the reaction mixture was doubled. Calculate the initial rate of reaction under
these conditions.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
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(a)
The following table shows the results of three experiments carried out at the same
temperature to investigate the rate of the reaction between compounds P and Q.
Experiment 1
Experiment 2
Experiment 3
0.50
0.25
0.25
0.36
0.36
0.72
7.6 10
Initial rate/mol dm s
1.9 10
3.8 10
Use the data in the table to deduce the order with respect to P and the order with respect
to Q.
Order with respect to P ..............................................................................................
Order with respect to Q ..............................................................................................
(2)
(b)
In a reaction between R and S, the order of reaction with respect to R is one, the order
of reaction with respect to S is two and the rate constant at temperature T1 has a value of
4
6 1
4.2 10 mol dm s .
(i)
Write a rate equation for the reaction. Calculate a value for the initial rate of reaction
3
when the initial concentration of R is 0.16 mol dm and that of S is
3
0.84 mol dm .
Rate equation ...............................................................................................
Calculation .......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................
(ii)
3 1
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(a)
The initial rate of the reaction between compounds A and B was measured in a series of
experiments at a fixed temperature. The following rate equation was deduced.
rate = k[A][B]
(i)
Complete the table of data below for the reaction between A and B.
Expt
Initial [A]
3
/mol dm
6.60 10
3.30 10
4.80 10
4.80 10
Initial [B]
3
/mol dm
Initial rate
3 1
/mol dm s
10.4 10
2
2
(ii)
13.2 10
2
5.20 10
1.60 10
10.4 10
Using the data for experiment 1, calculate a value for the rate constant, k, and state
its units.
Calculation ....
............
Units ..
(6)
(b)
State how the value of the rate constant, k, would change, if at all, if the concentration of A
were increased in a series of experiments.
......................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
5.
rate = k [CH3COCH3][H ]
(a)
Deduce the order of reaction with respect to iodine and the overall order of reaction.
Order with respect to iodine ...................................................................................
Overall order .........................................................................................................
(2)
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Concentration / mol dm
1.50
2
2.00 10
3.00 10
Use these data to calculate a value for the rate constant and deduce its units.
Rate constant .........................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
Units .......................................................................................................................
(3)
(c)
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The reaction between hydrogen and iodine can be represented by the following equation:
H2(g) + I2(g)
2HI(g)
H = +52 kJ mol
Kinetic data are available for both forward and reverse reactions. A series of experiments to
investigate the kinetics of the forward reaction was carried out at a constant temperature. The
results are shown in Figure 1.
Experiment
Initial concentration
3
of H2 / mol dm
Initial concentration
3
of I2 / mol dm
3.0 10
3.0 10
6.0 10
2.0 10
6.0 10
6.0 10
Initial rate
3 1
/ mol dm s
l.2 10
3.6 10
7.2 10
6
6
Figure 1
(a)
rate of reaction;
(1)
(ii)
rate constant;
(1)
(iii)
(b)
(i)
Use the results in Figure 1 to work out the order of the forward reaction with respect
to both hydrogen and iodine, explaining your reasoning.
(4)
(ii)
Write the rate equation for the reaction between hydrogen and iodine.
(1)
(iii)
Calculate the value of the rate constant for the forward reaction and give its units.
(3)
(c)
The experiment was repeated with the following initial concentrations for reactants:
3
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