Variation of Parameters Elementary Differential Equation

System Differential of Equation - variation of parameter YOHANIS NDAPA DEDA - PRA S2 ITB 2013
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Problem page 440 number 6 to 12, Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, 9
th

edition, by William E. Boyce and Richard C. DiPrima, 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc

) ( ) (
4 2 4 8
2 4
. 6
1
1
t g x t p x
t
t
x x + = ' ==>
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= '

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=
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= =
2
1
,
2
1
; 0 , 8
2 1
2

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t
t
e
e
t
8
8
2 2
1
) ( , =
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1
t
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4 2
4
1
2
1
8 8 t t
e e

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=
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= - = '

t
t t
t
t
e e
e e t
t
t g t t u
t t
8
2
1 2
8
4
1
1
1
1
4 2
4
1
2
1
1
4
1
4 2
) ( ) ( ) (
8 8

( )
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=
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=
t t
t t
t
t
e
t t
dt
e e
t u
8
8
1
8
2
1 2
8
4
1
1
ln
4
1
) (

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=

t t
t
t
t
e
t t
e
e
c
c
e
e
t x
8
8
1 8
8
2
1
8
8
ln
2 2
1
2 2
1
) (

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4
1
8
1
8
2 1
ln
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
t t e c c
t

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==>
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1 4
1 1 2
1 4
1 1
. 7
t
t
e
e
x x , =
1
( ) ( )
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=
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= ==> =
2
1
,
2
1
3 , 1
2 1
2

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=

t t
t t
e e
e e
t
3
3
2 2
) ( ,
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=
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=

t
t
t
t
t t
t t
t t
t t
e
e
e
e
t
t
e e
e e
e e
e e
e
e
t u t
3 3 3 3 3
4
3
4
5
4
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
1
2
) ( ) (

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=

t
t
t t
t t
t t
t t
t
t
e
e
e
e
e
e
e e
e e
c
c
e e
e e
t x
e
e
dt t u
t
t
t
t
2
8
3
2
8
5
3
3
2
1
3
3
2
8
3
2
8
5
4
3
4
5
2 2 2 2
) ( , ) (
3

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=

t
t
t
t
e
e
c
e
e
c
3
3
2 1
2 2

t
e
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\
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2
4
1

+
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=
t t
e c e c t x
3
2 1
2
1
2
1
) (
t
e
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\
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2
4
1

8.

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==>
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= '
2 3
1 2
,
2 3
1 2
t
t
e
e
x x , =
1
( ) ( )
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=
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= ==> =
1
1
,
3
1
1 , 1
2 1
2

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=

t t
t t
e e
e e
t
3
) ( , =
) (
1
t
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\
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t t
t t
e e
e e
2
1
2
3
2
3
2
3
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=
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= '

2
3
) (
2
1
2
3
2
3
2
3
t
t
t t
t t
e
e
t
t
e e
e e
e
e
t u

th


) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ,
2 2
3
) (
2
2
3
t u t c t t x
t
e
dt t u
t
e
e
t
t
- + - = ==>
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=
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=

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t
e
e e
e e
c
c
e e
e e
t x
t
t t
t t
t t
t t
2
) (
2
2
3
3
1
2
1
3
1

t t t t
e te e c e c
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2
3
2
1
2
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
1

9.

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==>
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= '

4
5
4
3
4
3
4
5
4
5
4
3
4
3
4
5
,
2
t
e
t
x x ,
2
1
1
=
( ) ( )
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= ==> =
1
1
,
1
1
2 ,
2 1
2

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=

t
t
t
t
e e
e e
t
2
2
2
1
2
1
) ( ,
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=
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= ' ==>
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t
e
t t
t
e e
e e
e e
e e
te
e te
e
t
t u t
t
t t
t t
t t
t t
2
2
2
1
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
1
3
2
3
2
1
2 2
2
1
2
1
2 2
2
1
2
1
2
) ( , ) (

ut

( )
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=
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}
t t t
t
t
t
e
t t
e te e
t e e
te
e te
t
3
6
1
2
2
1
2
4
1
3
1
2
2
2
1
12 6
2
1
3
2
3
2
1

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+
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\
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+
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=

t t t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
e te e
t e e
e e
e e
c
c
e e
e e
t x
3
6
1
2
2
1
2
4
1
3
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
12 6
) (
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1

+
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=

t
t
e c e c
2
2 1
1
1
1
1
2
1

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
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+ + +
+ +
4
1
2
1
6
1
3
1
4
1
2
1
6
1
3
1
4 2
4 2
t e t e
t e t e
t t
t t

+
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+
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=

t
t
e c e c
2
2 1
1
1
1
1
2
1

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\
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+
+
4
15
2
3
2
1
4
17
2
5
6
1
t e
t e
t
t

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=

4
15
4
17
2
3
2
5
2
1
6
1
2
2 1
1
1
1
1
) (
2
1
t e e c e c t x
t t
t

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==>
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+
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= '

2 2
2 3
,
2 2
2 3
. 10
t
t
e
e
x x ,

( ) ( )
|
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|
\
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=
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|
= ==> = =
1
2
,
2
1
4 , 1
2 1
2 1

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\
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=
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\
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=

3 3
2
3
2
3 1
4
4
4 4
) ( ,
2
2
) (
t t
t t
e e
e e
t t
t t
t
e e
e e
t

|
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|
\
|

=
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|
\
|
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|
\
|
= '

t t
t
e e
e e
e e
e
t u
t t
t t
3
3
1
3
1
3 3
2
3
2
3
) 1 2 (
) 2 1 (
) (
4 4

( )
( )
|
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+

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+
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\
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=

1 2
1 2
2
2
2
2
) (
3
9
1
3
1
4
4
2
1
4
4
t t t
t t
t t
t t
e
t
e e
e e
c
c
e e
e e
t x

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
|
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\
|
+
+ +
+
|
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|
\
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|
\
|

=

t t
t t
t t
t t
e te
e te
c
c
e e
e e
1 2 2 2
2 2 1 2
2
2
9
1
3
1
9
1
3
1
2
1
4
4


th


( )
( )
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+
+
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+
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=

2 1
2 2
2 2
1 2
1
2
2
1
) (
9
1
3
1
4
2 1
t t t
te e c e c t x e
t

11.

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==>
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+
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= '
2 1
5 2
,
cos
0
2 1
5 2
t
x x ,

( ) ( )
|
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.
|
\
|
=
|
|
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|
\
|
+
= ==> = =
i i
i i
2
5
,
2
5
, ,
2 1
2 1

,

untuk
i = ,
( )
( ) ( )
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+
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\
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+
=
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\
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+ +
+
= +
|
|
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|
\
|
t t
t
i
t t
t
t i t i
t i t
t i t
i cos sin 2
sin 5
sin cos 2
cos 5
sin 2 1 cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
sin cos
2
5

|
|
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|
\
|
=
|
|
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|
\
|
+
=
+
t
t
t
t t t t
t t
t
t t
t t
cos
sin
) ( ,
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
) (
5
sin cos 2
5
sin 2 cos
1

|
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|
\
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=
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|
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|
\
|
= '
+
t
t t
t t
t
t u
t t
t t
2
5
sin cos 2
5
sin 2 cos
cos
sin cos
cos
0
cos
sin
) (

|
|
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|
\
|

=
|
|
.
|
\
|
}
=
t t
t
dt
t
t t
t u
2 sin
2 cos
cos
sin cos
) (
4
1
2
1
4
1
2

|
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|
\
|

|
|
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|
\
|
+
+
|
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|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
t t
t
t t t t
t t
c
c
t t t t
t t
t x
2 sin
2 cos
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
) (
4
1
2
1
4
1
2
1

(
|
|
.
|
\
|

+
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
t t
t
c
c
t t t t
t t
2 sin
2 cos
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
4
1
2
1
4
1
2
1

|
|
.
|
\
|

|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
t t c
t c
t t t t
t t
t x
2 sin
2 cos
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
) (
4
1
2
1
2
4
1
1

12.

|
|
.
|
\
|
==>
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
= '
2 1
5 2
,
sec
csc
2 1
5 2
t
t
x x ,

( ) ( )
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
= ==> = =
i i
i i
2
5
,
2
5
, ,
2 1
2 1

( )
( ) ( )
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
+
= +
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
t t
t
i
t t
t
t i t i
t i t
t i t
i
i untuk
cos sin 2
sin 5
sin cos 2
cos 5
sin 2 1 cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
sin cos
2
5
,

|
|
.
|
\
|
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
+
t
t
t
t t t t
t t
t
t t
t t
cos
sin
) ( ,
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
) (
5
sin cos 2
5
sin 2 cos
1

u
t
cos t2 sin t
5
sint
2 cos tsin t
5
cost
csct
sect

sin t
cos t

cos t
5 sin t

2
5
2 cos t
5 sin t

4
5


th


ut
tant
cot t
5

2
5
2 cot t
5

4
5
dt
lncost
1
5
lnsint
2
5
t
2
5
lnsint
4
5
t

( ) ( )
( )
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
t t
t t t
c
c
t t t t
t t
t x
5
4
5
2
5
2
5
1
2
1
sin ln
sin ln cos ln
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
) (
( ) ( )
( )
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
t t c
t t t c
t t t t
t t
t x
5
4
5
2
2
5
2
5
1
1
sin ln
cos ln sin ln
cos sin 2 sin cos 2
sin 5 cos 5
) (

Variation of Parameters Elementary Differential Equation

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Variation of Parameters Elementary Differential Equation

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System Differential of Equation - variation of parameter YOHANIS NDAPA DEDA - PRA S2 ITB 2013

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