Fuzzy

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 Fuzzy Set

• A fuzzy set is universal fuzzy set if and only if the value of the membership
function is 1 for all members under consideration.  X ( x)  1

• Any fuzzy set Adefined on a universe X is a subset of that universe.

~

• Two fuzzy sets Aand Bare said to be equal fuzzy sets if

~ ~

 A ( x)   B ( x) for all x  X
~ ~

• A fuzzy set A
~ is said to be empty fuzzy set if and only if the value of the
membership function is 0 for all possible members considered.
 ( x)  0
• The collection of all fuzzy sets and fuzzy subsets on universe X is called
fuzzy power set.
P( X )
~

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Cont…
• Since all the fuzzy sets can overlap, the cardinality of the fuzzy power set
P ( X )  
~

• On the above discussion we have

A  X   A ( x)   X ( x)
~ ~

Basic Fuzzy set operations

For fuzzy sets Aand Bdefined on X,

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• Union:  A B ( x)  max{ A ( x),  B ( x)}   A ( x)   B ( x)}

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Intersection:  A B ( x)  min{ A ( x),  B ( x)}   A ( x)   B ( x)}

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

 ( x)  1   A ( x)

• Complement: A
~
~


• Difference: A B  A B
~ ~ ~ ~

3
Cont…
• Since all the fuzzy sets can overlap, the cardinality of the fuzzy power set
P ( X )  
~

• On the above discussion we have

A  X   A ( x)   X ( x)
~ ~

 Short Medium Tall

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150 180 210 Height(cm)

Graph showing membership functions for fuzzy sets “short”, “medium” and
“tall”.
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Cont…
Assignment: Consider two given fuzzy sets
 1 0.3 0.5 0.2 
A    
~
2 4 6 8 
 0.5 0.4 0.1 1 
B    
~
 2 4 6 8
Perform
1) Union
2) Intersection
3) Difference
4) Complement
over fuzzy sets Aand B
~ ~

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More Operations on Fuzzy Sets
For fuzzy sets Aand B
~ ~

• Algebraic sum:  A B ( x)   A ( x)   B ( x)   A ( x). B ( x)

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Algebraic product:  A. B ( x)   A ( x). B ( x)

~ ~ ~ ~

• Bounded sum:  A B ( x)  min{1,  A ( x)   B ( x)}

~ ~ ~ ~

• Bounded difference:  A  B ( x)  max{0,  A ( x)   B ( x)}

~ ~ ~ ~