Leccin 5: Omisin del artculo

Gramtica 1.- Artculo indefinido: a / an Se omite: a) Delante de un sustantivo en plural: a car / cars a house / houses You can see a house over there / You can see houses over there b) Delante de nombres gnericos de sustancias (wine, milk, gold, wood, silver, petrol, blood...): I like milk I don't drink wine No obstante, si un sustantivo genrico se utiliza con un sentido concreto, para hacer referencia a algo determinado, entonces s lleva artculo: What a good wine! c) Delante de nombres abstractos (happiness, justice, fear, help, love, future, hope...): The children have fear of phantoms The drug addicts especially need understanding and help d) Delante de nombres de comidas; breakfast, lunch, dinner,... We have dinner at 8 o'clock This morning I had breakfast very late Salvo cuando van precedidos por un adjetivo calificativo: What a delicious dinner you have prepared! 2.- Artculo definido: the Se omite:

a) Con nombres abstractos , salvo que se utilicen con un sentido particular: Justice is the basis of any political system In Spain the justice works very slowly b) Delante de nombres de deportes: He plays tennis (football) c) Delante de nombres genricos en plural: Sport cars are always expensive Men practise sport more than women Children learn foreign languages more easily than adults In Spain dentists are very well paid Salvo cuando se utilizan con un sentido concreto: Last weekend we went to Paris with the children All the dentists I know advise you to brush your teeth after every meal d) Con los sustantivos "home" / "work": Last Friday I stayed at home all evening He goes to work e) Con los sustantivos "bed" / "church" / "prison" / "school" / "university" ... cuando se hace referencia a su finalidad bsica: To go to bed (to sleep) To go to church / to come back from church (to pray) To be in hospital / to leave hospital (as a patient) To stay in prison (as a prisoner) To be back from university / to leave school (as a student) Pero cuando se hace referencia a estos lugares por otros motivos (por ejemplo, ir a un hospital de visita) entonces s llevan artculos:

I went to the hospital to visit my wife I went to the university to ask for information Exercises 1.- Indica que artculo habra que emplear para completar las siguientes oraciones. En caso de que no fuera necesario ningn artculo selalo con una "N":

1.

Could you bring me ________ glass of water? Are you going to play ________ football with your friends? You can see ________ cat lying on that roof Yesterday evening I was at ________ home because I didn't feel well The Cathedral of Seville is one of the biggest in ________ world That sailing boat is made of ________ aluminium ________ Freedom is one of the pillars of modern society You can see ________ eagles flying over those hills I want to buy ________ books for this summer Theses plants need ________ water urgently

2.

3.

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7.

8.

9.

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11.

In our days, car accidents are one of the main causes of ________ death I like ________ coffee very much

12.

13.

________ Love can change your life

14.

I visited ________ church of St. Michael in Paris ________ Health is the first thing needed to find happiness Last Sunday morning I went to ________ church with my girlfriend After doing sport I really enjoy ________ good beer ________ party was a real disaster. People got drunk immediately ________ love I feel for my daughter is the most important thing in my life What ________ good coffee you can drink in that bar! ________ Death is the end of life

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22.

Can you give me ________ piece of paper, please? ________ death of our boss has been a shock for all of us

23.

24.

________ Electricity is the basis of modern life What ________ weather! All day raining Are you coming with me to ________ hospital to see Peter? He doesn't have any sense of ________ justice This morning I got ________ taxi to go to work because it was very late I went to ________ school to speak to my son's teacher When I drive I like to listen to ________ music

25.

26.

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30.

Exercises 1.- Indica que artculo habra que emplear para completar las siguientes oraciones. En caso de que no fuera necesario ningn artculo selalo con una "N": 0 Respuestas Correctas 1. Could you bring me a glass of water?

2.

Are you going to play football with your friends? You can see a cat lying on that roof

3.

4.

Yesterday evening I was at home because I didn't feel well The Cathedral of Seville is one of the biggest in the world That sailing boat is made of aluminium Freedom is one of the pillars of modern society You can see eagles flying over those hills I want to buy books for this summer

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Theses plants need water urgently

11.

In our days, car accidents are one of the main causes of death

12.

I like coffee very much

13.

Love can change your life

14.

I visited the church of St. Michael in Paris Health is the first thing needed to find happiness Last Sunday morning I went to church with my girlfriend After doing sport I really enjoy a good beer The party was a real disaster. People got drunk immediately The love I feel for my daughter is the most important thing in my life What a good coffee you can drink in that bar! Death is the end of life

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

Can you give me a piece of paper, please? The death of our boss has been a shock for all of us Electricity is the basis of modern life

23.

24.

25.

What weather! All day raining

26.

Are you coming with me to the hospital to see Peter? He doesn't have any sense of justice

27.

28.

This morning I got a taxi to go to work because it was very late I went to the school to speak to my son's teacher When I drive I like to listen to music

29.

30.

Leccin 6: Nombres geogrficos con / sin artculo

Gramtica La regla general es la siguiente (si bien hay excepciones): 1.- Con artculo "the": a) Pases que incluyen en sus nombres expresiones del tipo: repblica, estado, reino: The Soviet Union The United States of America The United Kingdom b) Pases con nombres plurales: The Netherlands c) Islas con nombre en plural: The Bahamas / The Falklands d) Regiones: The north of Finland The south of Italy e) Montaas con nombre en plural: The Alps / The Andes e) Nombres de oceanos, mares, ros: The Pacific Ocean The Red Sea The Mississippi 2.- No llevan artculo "the": a) Nombre de pases y continentes (salvo en los casos mencionados anteriormente):

Europe / Asia / America Spain / France / Turkey b) Nombre de ciudades: Paris / Rome / London c) Nombres de islas en singular: Sicily / Menorca d) Nombres de montaas en singular: Mont Blanc / Everest e) Nombre de lagos: Lake Baikal / Lake Michigan