Naxalism:

History, Evolution & Current Status

Triumphant Institute of Management Education Pvt. Ltd.

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Genesis & Ideology

Origin of the term - Naxalism Who are Naxalites? Social, Economic, & Political aims How do they intend to achieve their aims?

Major Left-wing extremist groups

Communist

Party of India (Maoist)

CPI

(Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti Liberation Guerrilla Army

People's

Splinter

groups in NE India

Presence of Naxalites
Pan-Indian

spread, present in over 200 districts in 13 states active in AP, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, MP, Jharkhand, Bihar, & WB trained cadre, especially in guerrilla warfare

Highly

Highly

Presence of Naxalites

External links

Strong relationship with..

Nepal's Maoists joint training, ideological brotherhood ISI (Pakistan) funds and arms supply Bangladeshi Islamic orgs funds & arms supply Erstwhile LTTE (Sri Lanka) arms training

Impact of Naxal violence

Subverts Killing

national sovereignty

of civilians and security personnel infrastructure destroyed

Critical Flight

of investment & large-scale migration to urban areas

Impact of Naxal violence

Has

deepened divisions between

upper classes/lower classes & upper castes/lower castes

Direct

links with external terror outfits have made sensitive places vulnerable to terror attacks

What can be done to control Naxal violence?

Three Major Measures

Redressing socio-economic grievances of Naxal sympathizers/cadre

Negotiations

Use of force

Redressing socioeconomic grievances

Remove root cause poverty Land reforms Social empowerment Abolish class and caste discrimination

Redressing socioeconomic grievances

Generation

of secured employment

Involve

people in building community

assets

Spread

of literacy

Negotiations
Surrender of arms & solution within the framework of our Constitution Adopt carrot and stick approach Warn that force will be dealt with force General amnesty & economic incentives

Use of force
Well-coordinated effort by armed forces backed by strong political will Affected states should evolve a common strategy Better intelligence gathering & sharing Mobilization of well-trained force armed with sophisticated weapons

Use of force
Special

units of the Indian Army, trained in jungle & guerrilla warfare, could be brought in that people living in Naxal hotbeds are not harassed, as this may alienate them further effort should be spared to tackle this ever-growing threat to India's internal security

Ensure

No