Understanding Biogas Ver 1.1

Biogas g
CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY
302 /A 1 Bhimashankar, Sector 19-A Nerul,Navi Mumbai 400706 .. Maharashtra. INDIA EMAIL : care.india@live.co.uk HOME Page : www.careindia.co.nr
Centre for application Of renewable energy

Home pages:/ : http://www.careindia.co.nr : http://www.reindia.co.nr : http://www.biogas.co.nr email : care.india@live.co.uk : Skype : care.india Mob : +9122-8097119058 / +9122-8097127783
objectives of incorporation
Research and development of renewable fuel Electricity generation from biogas Liaison for carbon credits Non conventional energy
the mantra and philosophy
humans tend to make the process as complicated li t d as possible ibl by b trying to improve on nature in complex l machines h but b a simple l approach is still possible
clean environment
CLEAN ENVIRONMENT FOR ALL, INCLUDING NATURE ITSELF". It is said that nature has suffered more because of man rather than other way y round. Wherever there is a human interference the environment has undergone considerable degradation.
ALARM BELLS FOR THE HUMAN RACE So what should we do about it?
The realisation Th li ti has h come at t a slower l pace but b t it is i better b tt late l t than th never. Since Si nothing new can be created in this world and while existing energy sources are getting depleted at alarmingly rapid rate We must use every available resource y. judiciously
Science (BIOTECHNOLOGY) ..HELP IS ON THE WAY
Humans tend to make the process as complicated as possible by trying to improve on nature in complex machines but a simple approach is still possible There are enough natural agencies, which are too keen to help us in this endeavor. Science has revealed these tools and we must use their potential to achieve hi th urgent the g t call ll of f nature t
What is so special of these micro-organisms?
in the kitchens and one of the natural agencies which will play an important role in this utilisation is the tiny part of the huge world of tiny microbes. microbes What is so special of these microorganisms?
yOne such resource is the waste organic matter that is generated
1 They can thrive in extreme environments where ordinarily no one would even imagine that there would be life..
2 The discovery of extremophiles has put a new life into the biotech industry and dreams of stock options in the minds of field biologists.
These organisms not only survive higher temperatures but also grow and reproduce. They have the ability to use sulphurous waste and convert it into non-toxic products.
It is i ideal id l to t use these th organisms g i t degrade to d g d the th kitchen kit h waste t to t remove more toxic elements and subject it to the biogas plant for methane generation.
The Management of Organic Waste

Based on our understanding of thermophilic microorganisms in particular and microbial processes in general, there are two important modifications made in the conventional design of the biogas plant
The Management of Organic Waste

Based on our understanding of thermophilic microorganisms in particular and microbial processes in general, there are two important modifications made in the conventional design of the biogas plant
Drawbacks GOBAR GAS ???

A Gobar G b gas plant l t based b d on solid lid waste t chokes h k th plant. the l t This Thi choking occurs due to thick biomass that is inaccessible to the microorganisms to digest it. 'The logical solution is to conversion of the solid waste into slurry y that is far more accessible for the microbial action. Convert the solid waste into slurry achieves this purpose. These two modifications have improved the design of the traditional biogas plant
Drawbacks of GOBAR GAS ???
However, , the use of cattle dung g as the feedstock is the main factor limiting widespread use of methane as household fuel in rural India. Current domestic biogas plants require about 40kg of cattle dung (from 6 to 8 heads of cattle) every day. And because the dung has a retention period of about 40 days, the size of the biogas plant is also large. "Restriction of space, money and absence of sufficient animals prevent many aspirants from having a biogas plant
Reasons for Failure

Operators did not have the skills or the time required to keep a marginal system operating. Producers selected digester systems that were not compatible with their manure handling methods. Some designer/builders g sold cookie cutter designs to farms. For example, of the 30 plug flow digesters built, 19 were built by one designer and 90 percent failed. The designer/builders installed the wrong type of equipment, such as incorrectly sized enginegenerators gas transmission equipment, generators, equipment and electrical relays.
Reasons for Failure

The systems became too expensive to maintain and repair because of poor system design. design Farmers did not receive adequate training and technical support for their systems. systems There were no financial returns of the system or time returns diminished over time. Farms went out of business due to non-digester factors. factors
Reasons for SUCCESS

y The owner/operator realized the benefits biogas
technology had to offer and wanted to make it work. y The owner/operator had some mechanical knowledge and ability and had access to technical pp support. y The designer/builder built systems that were compatible with farm operation. y The owner/operator increased the profitability of biogas systems through the utilization and sale of manure byproducts. Some facilities generate more revenues from f th sale the l of f electricity l t i it and d other th manure byproducts than from the sale of milk.
Todays Experiences
The development of anaerobic digesters for livestock manure treatment and energy production has accelerated at a very face pace over the past few years. Factors influencing this market demand include: increased technical reliability of anaerobic digesters through the deployment of successful operating systems over the past d decade d .
Todays Experience
There is an increasing number of states and CENTRAL programs designed to cost share in the development of these systems; and the emergence of new state. state A new growing concern of farm owners about environmental quality.
Management Organic Waste
The waste generated in kitchen in the form of vegetable refuse, stale cooked and uncooked food, extracted tea powder, waste milk and milk products can all be processed.
Waste to Kitchen
The efficient disposal of kitchen waste is ecofriendly as well as cost effective. One has to consider more than monetary aspects. The d dumping i of f uncooked k d food f d in i unmanned d area leads l d to t population l ti growth of nuisance animals. It is undoubtedly unhygienic and poses a threat to the habitat.
Waste to Kitchen
These factors add to the value of such plants. we can certainly handle the kitchen waste and other biodegradable BIOMASS waste like paper, ETC.
What is Biogas ??
What Wh t is i bi biogas Where to look for it ? Can it Light Up My Home ? Does It Smell ? H How do d IG Get t it ? Can it Help Generate Electricity ?
What Wh ti is it its composition iti ? How good is it as Fuel ? Is It Safe ? H How can I Make M k It ?
COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS
CH3COOH Acetic acid 2CH3CH2OH Ethanol CO2 C b dioxide Carbon di id
--> + +
CH4 Methane CO2 Carbon dioxide 4H2 H d Hydrogen
+ --> -->
CO2 Carbon dioxide CH4 Methane CH4 M h Methane + + 2CH3COOH Acetic acid 2H2O W Water
COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS
Composition of biogas
CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY Substances Methane Carbon Dioxide Hydrogen Nitrogen Water vapour Hydrogen Sulphide Symbol CH4 CO2 H2 N2 H2O H2S Percentage 50 - 70 30 - 40 5 - 10 1-2 0.3 Traces
C/N RATIO MATERIALS
CENTRE C FOR AP PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY
Raw Materials C/N Ratio Duck dung 8 Human excreta Chicken dung 10 Goat dung Pig dung 18 Sheep dung Cow dung 24 Buffalo dung Water hyacinth 25 Elephant dung Straw (maize) 60 Straw (rice) Straw (wheat) 90 Saw dust
8 12 19 24 43 70 >200
Commonly used fuels Calorific values in Kilo calories and Thermal efficiency y
Commonly used fuels

Calorific 4713/M 2093/Kg 4978/Kg 4600/Kg 10850/Kg 11100/Kg
Thermal Th l efficiency 360% 11% 17 3% 17.3% 30% 50% ---
Bio-gas g Dung cake Firewood Diesel (HSD) Kerosene Petrol
BIOGAS PLANTS
We at CARE provide a realistic screening process for livestock facilities to decide if biogas technology is an appropriate match for the farm and farm owner. From the vast array of Plants and designs
CLASSIFICATION OF BIOGAS PLANTS BASED ON THE PLANT COMPONENTS
Sr. CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY No. i ii iii iv v vi vii ii viii ix x xi xii
Bio gas Plants with Movable Bio-gas Gas holder
Fixed Dome Type Plant Models
Digester and gas holder Separate
Flexible Bag Plant
KVIC Design IARI Design PRAI design (Two Chambers) Kamdhanu (baked clay) model ASTRA Model JWALA Model G Ganesh h Model M d l Khira model FRP Model Ferro cement Digester Model SERC Model SPRERI Model
Sichuan Model Shanghai Model Janta (Brick Mesonry) Bhagya Laxmi Kalinga (RCC) ASTRA (Chinese type) GAIC/ATRC (RCC segment) g t) AFPRO (Horizontal RCC pipe ) Deen Bandhu Model Bharat Model
Sulabh Model Bardoli Model PAU Model Sangli Model CV Krishna Model (FRP Fixed Dome)
Neuprene Bag Model Swasrik Biogas Plant Red Mud Plastic Model
THE BIODIGESTER : KVIC

Floating Fl ti d drum di digester t Experiment E i t on biogas technology in India began in 1937. In 1956, Jashu Bhai J Patel developed a design of floating drum biogas plant popularly known as Gobar Gas plant. In 1962, Patel's design was approved by the Khadi and Village I d t i Industries C Commission i i (KVIC) of f India I di and this design soon became popular in India and the world. In this design, the digester chamber is made of brick masonry in cement mortar. A mild steel drum is placed on top of the digester to collect the biogas produced from the di digester. t Th Thus, th there are two t separate t structures for gas production and collection.
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
THE BIODIGESTER : DCS
DCS uses a taper design for high water table areas
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
THE BIODIGESTER : DCS
DCS uses a straight design for low water table areas
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
THE BIODIGESTER : JANTA

Janata designs are relatively easy to construct and maintain because they have no moving parts and because corrosion is not a problem. One drawback is that Janata plants may require periodic cleaning due to scum build-up. p As g gas p pressure increases in a fixed volume, the pressure pushes some of the slurry out of the digester and back into both the inlet and outlet tanks, causing the slurry level in each tank to rise.
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
THE BIODIGESTER : CHINA FIXED DOME
Fixed dome Chinese model biogas plant (also called drumless digester) was built in China as early as 1936. It consists of an underground brick masonry compartment (fermentation ) with a dome on the top p for g gas storage. g In this design, g , the fermentation chamber chamber) and gas holder are combined as one unit. This design eliminates the use of costlier mild steel gas holder which is susceptible to corrosion. The life of fixed dome type plant is longer (from 20 to 50 years) compared to KVIC plant.
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
THE BIODIGESTER : DEENBANDHU
The Deenbandhu Model is a semi continuous-fed fixed dome Biogas plant. The design essentially consists of segments of two spheres of different diameters joined at their bases. The structure thus formed comprises of (i) the digester (fermentation chamber), chamber) (ii) the gas storage chamber, chamber and (iii) the empty space just above the gas storage chamber. The higher compressive strength of the brick masonry and concrete makes it preferable to go in for a structure that could be always kept under compression. A spherical structure loaded from the convex side will be under compression and therefore, the internal load will not have any effect on the structure. structure
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
THE BIODIGESTER : MCRC
Srii A. S AMM M.M. Murrugappa M g Ch tti Research Chettiar R h Center C t (MCRC), (MCRC) Madras, M d h developed has d l d a brick bi k digester with a high-density polyethylene gas holder supported by a geodesic frame The frame is bolted to the digester walls, and the plastic gas holder is retained by a water seal.
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
THE BIODIGESTER : JYOTI
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
This ensures that the heavier, partially digested material settles to the digester floor unimpeded by the lighter biomass. The JSEI innovation could be an important breakthrough in the use of agricultural and forest residues in biogas systems. In addition to solving the problem of scum build-up, the JSEI technique also seems to eliminate the necessity of excessive shredding or drying of residues, making the handling of these materials far less cumbersome and timeconsuming. i g Biomass i i merely is ly chopped h d into i t 23 cm (.75-1.25") squares and then is pushed into the digester through a cylindrical tube inserted into the floating g g gas holder. The tube is always in contact with the slurry, even with the dome at maximum height, so that no gas can escape.
THE BIODIGESTER : ASTRA
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
Comparison of KVIC and ASTRA designs For similar Biogas Plants(40) KVIC ASTRA Rated daily gas output 5.66 5.66 G holder Gas h ld diameter di t (m ( 183 1. 83 244 2. 44 Gas holder height (m) 1.22 0.61 Gas holder volume ([m.sup.3]) 3.21 2.85 Digester diameter (m) 1.98 2.59 Digester g depth p (m) 4.88 2.44 Digester depth-diameter ratio 2.46 0.94 Digester volume ([m.sup.3]) 15.02 12.85 Capital cost of plant (Rs) 8,100.00 4,765.00 Relative costs 100.00 58.80 Daily loading (kg fresh dung) 15000 150. 00 15000 150. 00 Mean temperature (Celsius) 27.60 27.60 Daily gas yield ([m.sup.3]/day) 4.28 [+ -] 0.47 4.39[+ -] 0.60 Actual capacity/rated capacity 75.6% 86.4% G yield Gas yi ld (cm/g ( /g f fresh h dung) d g) 285 28. 5 [+/-] [ / ] 3. 32 2 32.7 [+ or -] 4.0 Improvement in gas yield -+14.2%
BIOGAS SYSTEMS : Covered Lagoon g
Bag digester. This design was developed in 1960s in Taiwan. It consists of a long g cylinder y made of PVC or red mud plastic p
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
TYPICAL BIODIGESTER : SYSTEM
Feedstock collection Sump Anaerobic digester Gas handling Gas use.
Pulper / Mixer Effluent storage Manure
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
TYPICAL BIODIGESTER : SYSTEM
y Feedstock collection Sump y Pulper / Mixer y Anaerobic digester y Effluent storage Manure y Gas handling g
BIOGAS P B PLANTS
y Gas use.
Home pages:/ : http://www.careindia.co.nr : http://www.reindia.co.nr y Home pages:/ : http://www.careindia.co.nr : http://www.reindia.co.nr : http://www.biogas.co.nr : http://www.biogas.co.nr email : care.india@live.co.uk : Skype : care.india Mob : +9122-8097119058 y email : care.india@live.co.uk : Skype : carei.ndia Mob : +9122-8097119058 / / +9122-8097127783 +9122-8097127783
BIOGAS SYSTEMS : Table A

Characteristics
Plug Flow Digester

Above Ground Tank Above Ground Medium Yes 11 to 13 %
Fixed Film
Rectangular in Ground Tank Low No 3% Very y Fine 2 to 3 Only Dairy Temperate and Warm
Digestion Vessel Level of Technology Supplement Heat Total Solids Solid Characteristics HRT Days Farm Type Optimum Location
Coarse 15+ Dairy

All Climates
BIOGAS SYSTEMS : Table AA
Characteristics
Covered Lagoon
Deep Lagoon Medium No 0.5 to 3% Fine 40 to 60 Dairy y Temperate and Warm
Complete Mix Digester

Round /Square In Low Yes 3 to 10 % Coarse 15 + Hog g
Digestion Vessel Level of Technology Supplement Heat Total Solids Solid Characteristics HRT Days yp Farm Type Optimum Location
All Climates
BIOGAS SYSTEMS : 60s
Commencement to Commissioning 06 Months for Digestors 2 20 Cubic Meters Plus
BIOGAS SYSTEMS : 60s
Commencement to Commissioning 06 Months for Digestors 2 20 Cubic Meters Plus
BIOGAS SYSTEMS : C.A.R.E
SL. No
Plant Capacity
Av. Daily Feedstock and Slurry (ratio of 1 Kg. Feedstock:1 Lt. Water) Requirement
Approx. No. of Av. Size Cattle
No. of family members (cooking and lighting requirement)
Average cost as on Sept 1, 2006
Feedstock (M3 ) (a) 1 2 3 4 5 (b) 1 2 3 4 6 (Ft3) (c) 35 70 105 140 210 (Kg) (d)
Fresh Slurry y (Lt.) (e) (Nos.) (f) (Nos.) (g) 3-4 6-8 9-12 12-16 18 24 18-24 10000 12000 15000 18000 24000 (Indian Rs.)
Commencement to Commissioning 06 Months 25 50 2-3 for Digestors 2 20 Cubic Meters Plus

50 100 4-6 75 100 150 150 200 300 6-9 8-12 12 18 12-18
Commencement to Commissioning 03 Days for Digestors from 1m3 200 m3

BIOGAS SYSTEMS : C.A.R.E
A household digester unit or family size biogas plant normally has the gas p g production capacity p y to meet all the cooking and 2-4 hours of lighting (using biogas lamps with single mental) needs of a family. In India 1 m3 biogas plant refers to the rated capacity of that particular unit which has been g to p produce 1 m3, 1000 lt. designed or 35 ft3 gas per day under optimal conditions.
Process About two kg dry starchy matter mixed in about y input. p The retention 10 litres of water is the daily time ranges from 12 to 24 hours, depending upon the temperature. The CARE model Has a gas holder tank of 550 litres capacity, having about 500 litres usable gas holding space. g of We advice the housewife to introduce a kg feedstock once in the morning and again in the evening. Every time she gets about 500 litres of gas, which is enough to cook one meal for a family of five Families eating only rice may require just half five. of this quantity of gas.
Institutional Sized Bio Gas Plant
Serving Over 15,000 People
Main digestion tank (35 m3), Manure pits, Gas lamps for utilisation of the biogas generated in the plant plant.
C t and Cost d savings i g in i slide lid

A biogas plant in a vegetable oil factory
Commencement C t to t Commissioning C i i i g 10 D Days* y for f Digestors Dig t above b 30 Cubic C bi Meters M t Instutional Plant with solar and pulper
Cost and savings

A biogas plant in a vegetable oil factory

. LPG Consumed Cost of LPG/annum Net Annual Savings C t of Cost f Kitchen Kit h W Waste t Pl Plant t Less 100% Dep. Benefit in 1st year Net cost of Kitchen Waste Plant Simple Payback Net Reduction in Cooking Energy Cost Before KWP Installation g y 60 kg/day Rs. 4.95 Lacs After KWP Installation 30 kg/day g y Rs. 2.47 Lacs Rs. 2.47 Lacs R 3 Rs. 3.25 Lacs Rs.1.15 Lacs Rs.2.35 Lacs 0.95 Years 50 %
Before installing the Kitchen Waste Plant (KWP) 60 kg per day of LPG is being used in the Canteen kitchen as cooking fuel. The KWP will utilize 600 kg/day of Kitchen Waste generated and generate 60 m3/day of biogas, which is equivalent to about 30 kg/day of LPG. This will replace 30 kg/day of LPG used in the canteen kitchen. KWP serves duel purpose of disposing the Kitchen Waste, thus maintaining hygienic and clean surroundings and replacing 50% of Cooking Fuel with Biogas generated
A Perspective p and Comparative p
Parameters
Conventional Systems
25 days / 90 to 120 days Large 4000 Litres Conventional MS Dome prone to corrosion 60 % 1980 Litres 20 % to 30 % Intensive
CARE System
1 Day / 30 Days Small 1000 Litres Composite New Age PVC non corrosive 25% 800 Litres 5 % to !5 % Easy
Time needed for construction to commissioning g for 1CUm / 20 CUM Fermentor Volume for Family of Four to Six. Construction Materials Percentage of Methane by weight Quantity needed from system for a family of four Carbon Dioxide O&M

Parameters
Conventional Systems y
40 kg + 40 lit water Dung g organic g material 80 lit, sludge 40 days 4000 lit INR 20,000
CARE System y
1-1.5 kg + 15 lit water Any starchy material Kitchen Waste. Left over Food, 15 lit, watery 48-72 hours 1000-1500 lit INR 10,000
Amount of required feedstock Nature of required feedstock k Amount and Nature of slurry to be disposed p HRT Retention Time for full utilization of feedstock Standard size for household Capital Investment per unit including stove Running Expenses per meal
INR 25
0 to INR 5
Biogas g to Electrical Generation
Kind of animal i l
Manure type
Amount (k /d ) (kg/day)
Solid amount (kg/day) 5,4 5,6 1,3 2,9 0,047
Biogas per animal (m3/day)* 1,6 1,6 0,46 0,46 0,017
Energy per animal (kWh/yr)
Cow Cow Sow Sow Hen
Slurry Dry Slurry Dry Dry y
51 32 16,7 9,9 0,66
3400 3400 970 970 36
Quantity of feedstock from farm animals and Potential Captive Energy
Biogas and Biomass

Name of the fuel Equivalent quantities to 1 m3 of Bio-gas Name of the fuel Equivalent quantities to 1 m3 of Bio Bio-gas gas Kerosene
Equivalent Quantity of Fuel for 1 m3 of Bio-Gas Firewood Cowdung cakes Charcoal
0620 0. 620
Soft coke
3474 3. 474 kg
Butane
12.296 12296 kg
Furnance Oil
1458 1. 458 kg
Coal gas Electricity
1.605 kg
0.433 kg
0.4171
1.177 m3
4.698 kWh
A Perspective p and
Centre for Application of Renewable Energy. sees the growing demand from consumers for green energy as a sign of changes in the power market. A distributed network of smaller scale electricity producers provides numerous benefits to the viability of the power supply: diverse domestic energy sources, lower transmission costs, use of existing g infrastructure, etc. It's also a boon to local, rural economies, as jobs and revenue arise from what was once considered a smelly, costly nuisance. Biogas Energy is working to create a new model of energy production for the future, one where efficiency, reliability, and scalability work to the advantage of our nations' farmers and rural communities
THE Biogas Engine
THE Biogas Engine
THE Biogas Engine CARE

Biogas specific Engines using 100 % Biogas Works without battery ideal for rural areas. Gas cooled, water cooled air cooled Spark ignition 1500 to 1800RPM Automatic air and fuel control to take variable load Single Phase and Three Phase Alternator lt t and d Engine gi coupled l d on single rigid frame Gas Consumption of 600 Cft per KWH
How much does an anaerobic digestion facility cost?
The cost of an AD facility depends on many factors, and would be calculated before any work was started. A key decision point is not only how much the facility costs; it's how much revenue the facility generates. Centre for Application of Renewable Energys combination of higher energy production and waste management revenue means a superior ROI and greater lifetime revenue stream over other options. you to fill in our information request q form or contact us for We invite y more information. ppy to show what we can do for y you. We would be happy
How do Biogas Energy Systems?
with other anaerobic digestion technologies?

Centre for Application of Renewable Energy uses technology that has been perfected in digesters over the past decade, with more designed and built each year. Centre t for f A li ti Application of f Renewable bl Energy gy ' digesters dig t are 30-100% more efficient in producing energy than other digesters. The fact, coupled p with the ability y to take a variety y of waste input p means Centre for Application of Renewable Energy ' facilities generate far superior revenue over time.
What is your cow to kW ratio?
In other words words, how efficiently do your digesters produce energy? Unfortunately this ratio, which is often used by digester developers, has little meaning in the real world since our digesters are able to accept a variety of substrates and therefore create far more methane than manure digesters alone. By adding high energy inputs like grease or fats, there is no comparison to our competitors who are only able to accept manure or a limited amount of lower-energy inputs
What materials can "feed" your digesters?
Centre for Application of Renewable Energy operate with a base material of manure from f cattle l or pigs. ig In addition, ddi i the h digesters dig thrive h i with i h other h inputs, i like kitchen waste, brewery waste, industrial food processing waste, energy crops like corn, fish and poultry remnants, ethanol production waste, and more. This is a significant advantage over other types of digesters that can only process manure, and adds an enormous amount of power generation capacity to the facility
Besides biogas, what comes out of the digesters?
The liquid Th li id that th t results lt from f th anaerobic the bi digestion dig ti process have h a slurry which is separated out, and sold to local gardeners, landscapers and farmers. Some farmers use the solids as bedding for their cows and sell it as bedding to neighbors since the pathogen treatment is so effective. The liquids are returned to the farmer as nutrient rich natural fertilizer, which replaces imported nutrients and thereby cuts costs.
Does a biogas facility smell?
Actually, anaerobic digesters alleviate odor problems, especially as suburban growth surrounds farms and introduces neighbors who complain about manure smells. By installing an anaerobic digester. The farmer solves odor issues to everyone's satisfaction. Since the digesters are airtight, the smell stays within, and the liquids and solids coming out of the digester have only a very slight odor compared to raw slurry.
Anaerobic Digester Technology Improvements and Optimizations
Anaerobic bi digestion dig i i gaining is g i i g popularity l i y in i India di due d to severall factors, not least of which is the continuing improvement of biogas production technology. In India. In Europe, where anaerobic digestion facilities are in operation, optimization of digester technology continues to this day. The improvements and optimizations that have been made in Europe are now coming to India through Centre for Application of Renewable Energy .
Low maintenance, high efficiency technology
Farmers already have enough work, so our anaerobic digesters require minimal
labor and maintenance without sacrificing efficiency of methane production or pathogen treatment. By continually improving techniques and equipment that have been built
. And about US ???
Centre for Application of Renewable Energy Inc. was founded in 2004 to address India India's s pressing need for renewable, renewable domestically produced power. power Centre for Application of Renewable Energy licenses technology that has been the most reliable, efficient, tried and tested anaerobic digestion technology to the Indian market.
Centre for application of renewable energy C
302 /A 1 Bhimashankar, 9 Nerul,Navi , Mumbai Sector 19-A 400706 .. Maharashtra. INDIA EMAIL : care.india@live.co.uk HOME Page : www.careindia.co.nr

Understanding Biogas Ver 1.1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Understanding Biogas Ver 1.1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Biogas g

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Centre for application Of renewable energy

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

the mantra and philosophy

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Science (BIOTECHNOLOGY) ..HELP IS ON THE WAY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

What is so special of these micro-organisms?

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

yOne such resource is the waste organic matter that is generated

What is so special of these micro-organisms?

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

What is so special of these micro-organisms?

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

The Management of Organic Waste

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

The Management of Organic Waste

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Drawbacks GOBAR GAS ???

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Drawbacks of GOBAR GAS ???

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Reasons for Failure

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Reasons for Failure

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Reasons for SUCCESS

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Management Organic Waste

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

CH3COOH Acetic acid 2CH3CH2OH Ethanol CO2 C b dioxide Carbon di id

CH4 Methane CO2 Carbon dioxide 4H2 H d Hydrogen

C/N RATIO MATERIALS

CENTRE C FOR AP PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

Commonly used fuels

Calorific 4713/M 2093/Kg 4978/Kg 4600/Kg 10850/Kg 11100/Kg

Thermal Th l efficiency 360% 11% 17 3% 17.3% 30% 50% ---

Bio-gas g Dung cake Firewood Diesel (HSD) Kerosene Petrol

CLASSIFICATION OF BIOGAS PLANTS BASED ON THE PLANT COMPONENTS

Bio gas Plants with Movable Bio-gas Gas holder

Fixed Dome Type Plant Models

Digester and gas holder Separate

Flexible Bag Plant

THE BIODIGESTER : KVIC

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

THE BIODIGESTER : DCS

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

DCS uses a taper design for high water table areas

THE BIODIGESTER : DCS

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

DCS uses a straight design for low water table areas

THE BIODIGESTER : JANTA

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY

THE BIODIGESTER : CHINA FIXED DOME

CENTRE FOR AP C PPLICATION OF F RENEWABLE E ENERGY