001

MAY 2001
ECN-CX--00-077
LOAD SET FOR

NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00
Dynamic Loads calculated
with PHATAS-IV for the
3MW NEG Micon wind turbine
with "baseline" LMH46-5 blades
C. Lindenburg
H.B. Hendriks
LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00
PREFACE
The work reported here is carried out within the scope of the DOWEC research and development
project. The DOWEC project is partly funded within the Dutch EET program.
The dynamic load calculations reported here form the basis for the rotor blade optimisation
of the 3MW NEG Micon turbine, to be performed later. Within this optimisation a sensitivity
study on parameter variations is to be performed. The configuration of which the loads are reported here was initially intended to be the baseline for this parameter sensitivity study. Because
of modifications on the diameter and rotor speed, the tip speed ratio of this configuration does
not comply with the design value. After correcting the rotor speed, a modified configuration was
finally used as baseline, (C-00 ) for the parameter sensitivity study, while the configuration described here is referred to as Former baseline with non-optimised-twist (C-01). The sensitivity
study to the influence of aerodynamic parameters is reported in NM3000 - LMH46-5 BLADE
DESIGN, Aerodynamic Parameter Sensitivity Study [9].
The load set described here was calculated on July 3, 2000 and distributed on CD-rom among
the participants. Based on the reactions for this load set, some load cases are modified. The file
numbers of these modified load cases are different from the file names used in the load set on
the CD-rom of July 3. In the load-set and file name description these additional load cases are
indicated with a bar in the margin.
ECN-CX--00-077
Abstract
For the Dutch DOWEC project dynamic load calculations are performed with the program
PHATAS-IV for the aerodynamic design of the 3MW NEG-Micon wind turbine with LMH46-5
rotor blades. As basis for the sensitivity analyses with regard to changes in aerodynamic design
parameters (to be performed later) a baseline blade configuration is defined: LMH46-5-X00.
This report describes the modelling of this baseline for calculations with the program PHATAS-IV.
It includes the description/interpretation of the load cases following the IEC safety requirements,
IEC 61400-1 rev.2. Finally it contains graphs with plots of the dynamic response, tables with
extreme sectional loads and bar-charts with fatigue equivalent loads.
Keywords
DOWEC 3MW baseline
Dynamic loads
IEC load cases
PHATAS program
Wind turbine
Distribution
LM Glasfiber Holland B.V.
NEG-Micon Holland B.V.
TU-Delft M. Zaaijer
F.W. Saris
W. Schatborn
H.J.M. Beurskens
L.G.J. Janssen
H.B. Hendriks
L.A.H. Machielse
J.G. Schepers
H. Snel
E. Bot
ECN-CX--00-077
1-6
7 - 12
13 - 15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
B.H. Bulder
G.P. Corten
T.G. van Engelen
S.A. Herman
T. Hegberg
J.J. Heijdra
E.L. van der Hooft
H.J.T. Kooijman
C. Lindenburg
P.P. Soullie
D. Winkelaar
ECN archives
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36-40
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BLADE GEOMETRY
7
7
7
8
8
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Aerodynamic Part of the Blade

Element Distribution
Chord and Twist Distribution
Aero-acoustic Shaped Tip
3. AERODYNAMIC MODELLING
3.1
3.2
3.3
Aerodynamic Part

Root Sections
Tip Area
4. POWER PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Transmission and Generator Loss

Pitch Control Algorithm
Aerodynamic Characteristics
Generator Characteristics
Power Curves
5. STRUCTURAL BLADE PROPERTIES

5.1
5.2
5.3
Blade Mass Distribution

Blade Stiffness Distribution
Pre-bend
6. COMPONENT FREQUENCIES
6.1
6.2
Tower Frequencies
Blade Frequencies

7. LOAD CASES ANALYSED

7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
General
Grid of the SWIFT Wind Files
Load Case Description
File Name Description
8. RESULTS
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
Load Time Series

Extreme Loads
Tower Clearance
Fatigue Equivalent Load Cycles
REFERENCES
9
9
9
10
11
11
11
11
13
14
15
15
15
15
17
17
18
19
19
19
20
23
25
25
25
27
27
29
APPENDIX A.
PLOTS OF LOAD TIME SERIES
APPENDIX B.
EXTREME LOAD TABLES
103
APPENDIX C.
FATIGUE EQUIVALENT LOAD CYCLES
135
31
ECN-CX--00-077
1. INTRODUCTION
Within the Dutch DOWEC project investigation is done into turbines for offshore applications.
This project is addressed both to the development of large wind turbines for offshore locations and
to the investigation into different turbine concepts.
The conditions of these calculations mostly describe the dynamic load cases (DLC) specified in the IEC Safety Requirements, IEC 61400-1 ed.2 [6]. These conditions and the description
of the stochastic wind loading is given in chapter 7.
In the calculations reported here, a clear distinction was made between the conditions for aerodynamic performance and for the dynamic load calculations following the IEC requirements.
The load set reported here is obtained after modification of some operational settings of the
turbine. This implies that the load set is valid for the following conditions:
1. The partial-load pitch angle is 0.5deg.
2. The generator characteristics go from partial-load to full-load over a wider rotor speed
range than initially intended. This range is from 13.87rpm to 14.92rpm or larger.
3. In partial load the generator torque is a quadratic function of rotor speed. If the rotor
speed is related to the nominal speed, this function is
.
4. A pitch failure must be detected reliable and faster than the time in which
the wind increases from 15m/s (pitch angle 12deg) to 25m/s.
5. The pitch angle for stand by (at extreme wind) is 87deg.
6. The friction in the yaw mechanism during stand by at extreme wind must be
between 800kNm and 1000kNm.
The latter 3 requirements have a strong and direct effect on the blade loads.
This report deals with the modelling and dynamic load calculation with PHATAS-IV [7] for
the NM3000 [4] wind turbine equipped with the LMH46-5-X00 (baseline) rotor blades [1].
In the remainder of this report the term PHATAS is used for PHATAS-IV Release "DEC-1999" .
The aerodynamic modelling of this turbine is described in chapter 2 and 3.
The choice of the optimum (largest annual yield) turbine settings for partial load operation is
described in chapter 4.
Chapter 5 contains a description of the structural dynamic modelling for which the resulting component frequencies are given in chapter 6.
The interpretation of the IEC criteria with respect to the description of the wind loading and
modelling of the wind turbine is described in chapter 7.
The results of the dynamic load calculations are summarised in chapter 8. Plots of the calculated
dynamic response, tables with extreme loads and bar-charts of the fatigue equivalent loads are
added in appendix A, B and C respectively.
ECN-CX--00-077
ECN-CX--00-077
2. BLADE GEOMETRY
The distribution of chord, thickness, airfoils, location of 25% chord line and twist are copied
from the specification of the LMH46-5-X00 blade, [1]. The location of the 25% chord line was
specified as fraction of the chord and was therefore not included for the blade tip (chord=0). The
location of the blade tip was read from a drawing faxed by R. Bensoussan which gave 0.1m in
front of the blade axis. A drawing of the PHATAS input for the blade showed a smooth contour.
2.1 Aerodynamic Part of the Blade
The division between cylindrical root section and largest-chord section is chosen at
8.828m.
For this division of airfoil properties the bending moment at
1.5 of the discretised blade model
and of the real blade is the same assuming a linear distribution of chord and drag. The model
for oblique inflow effects is formulated for a radius of the root vortex which is calculated within
PHATAS at 8.53m. In the PHATAS model the aerodynamic solidity of the rotor is 0.05036.
2.2 Element Distribution

Because several airfoils are used, each with different design purpose, effort is spent on modelling
the correct airfoil distribution. The target divisions between the airfoils are made on basis of
relative thickness. It depends on the number of blade elements how good these target divisions
are realised:
From
Cylinder DU99-405 DU99-350 DU97-300 DU91-250
DU93-210
DU99-405 DU99-350 DU97-300 DU91-250 DU93-210 NACA64-618
To
Division
8.828
14.789
19.953
24.798
28.5
31.5
11 elem
9.955
14.182
18.409
26.864
26.864
31.091
12 elem
9.250
13.125
20.875
24.750
28.625
32.500
13 elem
8.654
15.808
19.385
26.538
30.115
30.115
14 elem
8.143
14.786
21.429!
24.750
28.071
31.393
7.700
13.900
20.100
26.300
29.400
32.500
15 elem
16 elem
10.219
16.031
18.938
24.750
27.656
30.562
17 elem
9.706
15.176
20.647
26.118!
28.853
31.588
18 elem
9.250
14.417
19.583
24.750
27.333
32.500
19 elem
8.842
13.737
21.079
25.974
28.421
31.725
8.475
15.450
20.100
24.750
29.400!
30.868
20 elem
The difference between NACA64-618 and DU93-210 is that the NACA airfoil has a stronger
while their division is at a large span of 31.5m. Based on this, the following number of
blade elements were considered:
14 Max misfit 1.48m between DU97-300 and DU99-350: DU99-350 stalls smoother;
17 Max misfit 1.32m between DU91-250 and DU97-300: DU97-300 has higher lift;
20 Max misfit 0.90m between DU93-210 and DU91-250: Difference in deep stall.
The product of misfit and radius is comparable for 14, 17 and 20 elements. For 14 elements most
other airfoil intersections match very well. This together with the fact that in deep stall and for
attached flow the differences between DU97-W-300 and DU99-W-350 are small while the CPU
time is proportional with number of elements leads to the choice of 14 elements.

In later PHATAS releases the so-called airfoil matching is written which is calculated as the
fraction of rotor area that is swept by the airfoils as specified in the input. For the LMH46-5-X00
rotor blade modelled with 14 elements, this airfoil matching is 92.5%.
ECN-CX--00-077
2.3 Chord and Twist Distribution

In the PHATAS input the blade properties can be specified for a maximum of 20 locations. The
specifications for the LMH46-5-X00 blade [1] give properties on more locations, such that some
must be skipped. The selection of input data for chord or twist to be skipped is made such that the
span-wise distribution of these properties has minimal discretisation errors.
2.4 Aero-acoustic Shaped Tip

Former approach
In the blade element distribution made in former PHATAS versions, the chord and twist of each
element are the average values over the span of that element. For the "aero-acoustic" shaped tip
(see section 3.3) both the chord and twist have a strong spanwise variation, for which the average
of the chord and the average of the twist are not representative.
For the first analysis of the LMH46-5-X00 rotor blades the "chord-weighted" average of the twist
distribution was integrated by hand for the tip element. For the tip element in the PHATAS model
the twist distribution was thus corrected such that the product of chord and twist equals the average
of the integrated properties for that element.
Actual status
Because within the DOWEC work (aerodynamic) variations of the LMH46-5-X00 blade are to
be analysed (and compared) and because these type of tips will be used more often in other rotor
blades, the integration of the "chord-weighed" average twist was implemented in the PHATAS
program. It was verified that for the tip element the resulting twist shows to be the same as when
calculated by hand in the former approach.
3
2
[m]
1
0
1
2
12
16
20
24
28
32
Radial position [m]
36
40
44
48
Element distribution as used in PHATAS-IV
ECN-CX--00-077
3. AERODYNAMIC MODELLING
3.1 Aerodynamic Part
The tables with aerodynamic airfoil coefficients are obtained from R. v.Rooij for angles of attack
up to about 20deg. Most of these coefficients were measured except for the recently developed
DU99-W-405 and DU99-W-350 airfoil, for which the coefficients were calculated with RFOIL.
The coefficients for large angles of attack are calculated with the tool StC , Stall Coefficients
[8]. The model in StC is based on empirical relations for which the nose-radius and the nose- and
tail angles of the airfoil surface are used as geometry parameters. These geometry parameters are
derived from files with the x-y coordinates of the contour sent by R.v. Rooij.
The tool StC also accounts for the finite length, Aspect Ratio, of the blade. In StC "JUN-2000"

.
the relation of Hibbs and Radkey is used:
In PHATAS the Aspect Ratio
is calculated for an aerodynamic length that starts from the
radius of the root vortex. This radius is also used for the oblique inflow model and is 8.53m
(measured from the rotor centre) for the LMH46-5-X00 rotor blade. This gives an Aspect Ratio
of 15.5.

1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
0.4
Lift coefficient
Drag coefficient
Moment coefficient
0.8
1.2
90
60
30
30
60
90
120
150
Angle of attack [deg]
NACA64-618 coefficients for an aspect ratio of 15.5
180
210
3.2 Root Sections
The splined area between the circular blade root and the largest chord with the DU99-W-405
airfoil runs from
2.5m to
13.5m. This part takes 7.6% of the swept area of the rotor plane
which means that the choice of aerodynamic properties may have an influence on the annual yield.
Although little is known about the geometrical shape and because aerodynamic coefficients for
these very thick sections are sparse it was decided to describe the properties of only one element
with the coefficients of a 2D elliptical cross section. The governing element is the 2-nd (for a blade
model with 14 elements) which runs from
4.82m to
8.14m. Assuming a linear chord and
thickness distribution, the relative thickness in the middle of this element is calculated as 75.77%.
The cross section of this splined area has a trailing edge with a smaller radius (or even a real
edge) compared to the nose radius. Because of this smaller trailing edge radius this section may
have more lift than a 76% ellipse, for which reason it was decided to use the coefficients of a 70%
thick ellipse. These coefficients are derived from ESDU 79026 [2] for a sub-critical Reynolds
ECN-CX--00-077
number. It was ensured that for these locations the program PHATAS does not apply its built-in
correction (of Snel et.al.) for rotational effects.
3.3 Tip Area

In section 2.3 it is already explained how the strong variation of both chord and twist are implemented in the element discretisation.
The LMH46-5-X00 rotor blade has a rounded or sharpened blade tip over the last 1.5m while the
twist of the outer 4m is towards smaller angles of attack. For this tip geometry the trailing vortex
is distributed over a certain span rather than concentrated at the tip. The aim of a distributed tip
vortex is to reduce the aerodynamic noise for which reason this tip is called here aero-acoustic
shaped tip. In order to evaluate the influence of the distributed tip vortex, two models are made of
the outer 6m of the blade tip:
1. For a linear distribution of chord and twist towards the tip
with a tip-twist of 0deg and a tip-chord of 1.38m;
2. For the chord and twist distribution specified for the LMH46-5-X00, [1].
With these models the stationary aerodynamic loads are calculated for a pitch angle of 0.5deg, a
wind speed of 10m/s and a constant rotor speed of 14.9rpm, while the wind shear and aerodynamic
)
tower stagnation are set on zero. These conditions correspond with the optimum settings (
found for the LMH46-5-X00 blade.
From the distribution of the lift coefficients that are thus obtained the distribution of the trailing
vorticity is calculated. For the outer 5m of the tip, the centroid of the trailing vorticity was thus
calculated at for the conventional tapered blade, and for the real LMH465-X00 blade. Here is the rotor radius. Relying on the fact that for conventional tapered rotor
blades it is common practise to calculate the tip losses for a tip radius equal to the rotor radius, it
was chosen to calculate (and optimise) the aerodynamic performance for a radius of the tip vortex
that is 0.62m smaller than the rotor radius. Using this tip vortex radius, the calculated annual yield
decreases with about 0.7%.

6
5
4
Blade vortex [10 m(m/s)] conventional tip
Blade vortex [10 m(m/s)] LMH465X00 tip
Twist [deg]
Blade geometry [m]
3
2
1
0
1
42
43
44
45
46
Spanwise coordinate [m]
47
48
LMH46-5-X00 blade tip geometry and vortex distribution
10
ECN-CX--00-077
4. POWER PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL

4.1 Transmission and Generator Loss
The energy loss of the generator and of the gearbox are each given as a function of the relative
power and/or the relative rotor speed. For the torque-rotor speed characteristics of the generator
the generator torque and the total loss of torque was calculated as function of the relative power
level. From these values the loss of torque was linearised between nominal power and 10% of

nominal power:
.

4.2 Pitch Control Algorithm

For the pitch control of the wind turbine an algorithm has been developed of which a FORTRAN
version was linked to the PHATAS code. A detailed description of this algorithm is given in [5].
This algorithm has the rotor speed and rotor acceleration as input and gives the pitch rate as output.
For the baseline configuration, the rotor acceleration is not used yet.
4.3 Aerodynamic Characteristics

The dimensionless rotor characteristics are calculated for the turbine and environmental conditions
nearly identical as for the dynamic load calculations. The additional conditions for the rotor
characteristics are:
Constant wind velocity;
No yaw error;
A power law for vertical wind shear with exponent 0.16 (from G.Ll);
Calculate the tip losses for a tip vortex radius of 48m - 0.62m;
No blade, shaft nor tower dynamics;
No pitch error.
The aerodynamic characteristics are calculated for several blade pitch angles and a series of tip
speed ratios (next page).
ECN-CX--00-077
11
Aerodynamic power coefficients for different tip-speed ratios and pitch angles.
# Aerodynamic rotor characteristics
# from PHATAS output file: aerchar.pht
#
for pitch angles [deg]
#
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
#lambda value
#
2.5 0.04728 0.05027 0.05101 0.05175 0.05248
3.0 0.08901 0.09270 0.09361 0.09451 0.09541
3.5 0.13902 0.14381 0.14499 0.14617 0.14733
4.0 0.19912 0.20447 0.20575 0.20701 0.20823
4.5 0.26141 0.26622 0.26733 0.26841 0.26944
5.0 0.32149 0.32417 0.32468 0.32514 0.32553
5.5 0.37236 0.37445 0.37508 0.37588 0.37689
6.0 0.42918 0.43175 0.43229 0.43281 0.43320
6.5 0.46446 0.46312 0.46269 0.46224 0.46174
7.0 0.47713 0.47742 0.47720 0.47690 0.47653
7.5 0.48026 0.48222 0.48244 0.48254 0.48252
8.0 0.47480 0.47897 0.47978 0.48050 0.48110
8.5 0.46418 0.47058 0.47197 0.47327 0.47448
9.0 0.44973 0.45801 0.46010 0.46186 0.46354
9.5 0.43215 0.44250 0.44482 0.44709 0.44927
10.0 0.41175 0.42444 0.42731 0.43012 0.43283
10.5 0.38880 0.40400 0.40686 0.41019 0.41340
11.0 0.36365 0.38008 0.38376 0.38768 0.39357
11.5 0.33370 0.35706 0.36184 0.36655 0.37139
12.0 0.30556 0.33013 0.33573 0.34118 0.34653
12.5 0.27349 0.30091 0.30729 0.31351 0.31958
13.0 0.23982 0.27022 0.27737 0.28434 0.29115
13.5 0.20403 0.23736 0.24526 0.25298 0.26052
14.0 0.16661 0.20277 0.21140 0.21986 0.22813
14.5 0.12802 0.16661 0.17594 0.18510 0.19407
15.0 0.08778 0.12925 0.13926 0.14909 0.15874
15.5 0.00689 0.09007 0.10071 0.11118 0.12146
16.0 -.03522 0.02283 0.06078 0.07181 0.08244
1.0
2.0
5.0
10.0
0.05465
0.09805
0.15078
0.21168
0.27227
0.32637
0.38050
0.43354
0.46032
0.47504
0.48182
0.48242
0.47756
0.46793
0.45520
0.44026
0.42225
0.40491
0.38410
0.36120
0.33639
0.31022
0.28179
0.25158
0.21966
0.18600
0.15091
0.11362
0.06160
0.10664
0.16160
0.22164
0.27860
0.32767
0.38671
0.42746
0.45083
0.46507
0.47341
0.47750
0.47752
0.47339
0.46767
0.45796
0.44544
0.43136
0.41517
0.39735
0.37796
0.35705
0.33510
0.31101
0.28510
0.25725
0.22737
0.19576
0.08012
0.12945
0.18430
0.23321
0.27751
0.33113
0.36142
0.37890
0.39023
0.39884
0.40440
0.40676
0.40650
0.40393
0.39930
0.39185
0.38195
0.36964
0.35487
0.33755
0.31757
0.29533
0.26999
0.24175
0.21039
0.17565
0.13758
0.09644
0.10331
0.14695
0.18081
0.22044
0.23846
0.24337
0.24080
0.23261
0.21887
0.19913
0.17345
0.14099
0.10198
0.05728
0.00673
-.05062
-.11525
-.18850
-.27006
-.35976
-.45726
-.56261
-.67627
-.79786
-.92816
-1.0677
-1.2168
-1.3753
From this table it follows that the optimum power coefficient is

ratio of 7.5 and a pitch angle of 0.6deg.

for a tip speed
A similar table with aerodynamic characteristics for a larger pitch angle range and a larger
tip speed ratio range is calculated for the design of the control algorithm.
12
ECN-CX--00-077
POWER PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL
4.4 Generator Characteristics

The generator characteristics in partial load follow an optimum lambda relation that does not
match with the full-load characteristics at the nominal rotor speed of 14.92rpm. In between partial
and full load a steep transition is modelled with the characteristics similar as for an asynchronous
generator. The NM3000 turbine specifications in [4] show a very steep transition which was chosen
in order to operate as much as possible with optimum lambda. In cases of decreasing wind around
nominal speed this has a negative effect on the annual yield. For this wind the generator torque
drops fast and the decrease in rotational momentum of the rotor gives too little kinetic energy to
sustain during the time needed for pitch actions. One should realise that the rotor-inertia acts as a
flywheel which is more effective if the generator allows larger rotor speed excursions. A steep or
stiff generator torque characteristics gives a stronger influence of tower motion on the drive train
torque and thus also on in-plane rotor loads. Eric van der Hooft performed some studies to the
steepest or stiffest generator characteristics that do give a reasonable dynamic behaviour. These
characteristics have a stiffness of about 13954kNm/(rpm) expressed w.r.t. the slow rotating shaft.
This stiffness corresponds with a slip of an asynchronous generator of 13.76%.
A softer generator characteristics however gives less interaction between in-plane rotor dynamics
and sideways tower bending for which calculations with PHATAS also show smaller blade loads.
The calculations with PHATAS for a stochastic wind speed with an average of 12m/s also show an
increase in average power. From these results the slope of the generator characteristics between
partial load and full load was chosen equivalent with a slip of an asynchronous generator of 20%,
giving a stiffness of about 9600kNm/(rpm). For this stiffness the constant (optimum) lambda
control ends at a rotor speed of 13.87rpm at which speed the generator torque is 1108.4kNm.
The minimum rotor speed for optimum lambda control is 9.5rpm. For lower power or torque
levels the generator has again the 9600kNm/(rpm) steep torque characteristics.
To describe the generator response on shaft torque variations, the generator characteristics have a
time-lag constant of 0.3s.
Torque at slow shaft [kNm]
2000
1500
1000
500
10
11
12
13
14
Rotor speed [rpm]
15
16
17
18
Generator torque characteristics
ECN-CX--00-077
13
4.5 Power Curves

With PHATAS the quasi-stationary power curves are calculated. In contrast with normal operation the conditions for these power curve calculations are:
Constant wind velocity;
No yaw misalignment and no wind inclination;
Power law for vertical shear with exponent 0.16 (instead of 0.2);
Pitch error of 0.3deg (instead of 0.5deg);
Tip losses calculated with a radius of the tip vortex
48m -0.6m.
This means that the control algorithm is active and that all structural dynamics are included. The
calculations were performed for a series of pitch settings and also for some torque levels in partial
load. From these calculations it followed that the largest annual power calculated for a partial-load
generator torque:

. For a Weibull wind distribution with an average
of 9m/s and a shape factor of 2 (giving a Weibull scale factor of 10.155m/s) the quasi stationary
annual yield is calculated based on 100% availability:
Partial load pitch angle [deg]:
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Annual yield [GWh/yr]:
12.726 12.719 12.732 12.732 12.731
A pitch angle of 0.6deg looks reasonably although the energy yield for a pitch angle of 0.5deg is
nearly the same. In reality the wind is more fluctuating so that a partial-load pitch angle of 0.5deg
is used.
Generator power [kW]
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
Quasi stationary power curve
Power curve from dynamic load set
500
0
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Wind speed [m/s]
Stationary power curve and power curve from load set
14
ECN-CX--00-077
5. STRUCTURAL BLADE PROPERTIES

5.1 Blade Mass Distribution
Mass distribution as specified
The mass distribution was obtained by two-point differences of the cumulative mass listed in the
table. The resulting mass distribution was plotted. From these plots 21 data points are selected
that form nearly exactly the same total blade mass and static moment. The total blade mass was
adjusted by correcting the root mass value slightly. The mass centreline and the radius of gyration
were not specified. Since the blade centreline runs roughly through the 40% chord location it is
considered that the mass centreline also lies on the blade axis. The radius of gyration is estimated
as 20% of the chord.
Rotor unbalance
Partly by lack of information no mass unbalance of the rotor is taken into account.
Blade ice distribution

The Safety Requirements in IEC 61400-1 ed.2 [6] are not explicit about the amount of ice to be
included in the design calculations. Therefore the description in the Germanischer Lloyd Rules

and Regulations [3] is used. For standstill conditions one should take 30mm ice of 700kg/m .
For operating conditions the ice distribution is given as additional mass per unit span that is linear
from the rotor centre to half-span. For the outer half of the blade span the additional mass per unit

span is constant and has the value

.
Here is to be calculated with:
For the actual blade radius of
48m this gives
0.00675. The non-linear chord distribution
is approached conservatively with
m and
m which gives an ice distribution
of 33.075kg/m. The total blade mass with ice increases from 11945.69kg to 13132.13kg while the
static moment w.r.t. the rotor centre increases from 183.9E+3kg*m to 218.7E+3kg*m.

5.2 Blade Stiffness Distribution

The stiffness distribution was directly copied from the e-mail. For the PHATAS input some stiffness
specifications had to be skipped. In PHATAS the specified stiffness distribution is interpreted with
a linear distribution of the flexibility (1/stiffness) between the specified values. Consequently the
flexibility is plotted after which some points for nearly linear flexibilities were skipped. This was
done for the flapwise and the edgewise bending stiffness. The coupling stiffness was not provided.
5.3 Pre-bend
For this baseline the effect of the pre-bend is not evaluated. For the former design (LMH95-X00)
it was found that for a negative (upwind) cone-angle of -1.1deg the bending moment at the root
due to centrifugal loads is the same as for the real pre-bend blade geometry. The value of -1.1deg
is still used for the outer 45.5m. This means that at a radius
2.5m the location of the blade is
the same as for the real rotor blade.
ECN-CX--00-077
15
16
ECN-CX--00-077
6. COMPONENT FREQUENCIES
6.1 Tower Frequencies
The first bending frequency of the tower is just below the rotor-rotation (1P) frequency. Since the
fore-aft inertia of the rotor is smaller than the inertia for sideways bending, the fore-aft frequencies
are listed. The frequencies are calculated with PHATAS. Using the PHATAS tower model with
the turbine description of F. Goezinne and the blade properties of LMH46-5-X00 the frequencies
are referred to as Reference.
According to the findings of Stig Oye, a reasonable approximation of the foundation stiffness is
using an extension of the tower at its base (in the soil) with 1 times its base diameter. This has
been verified for different turbines. On basis of this rule the stiffness of the foundation is set
on 50.E+9Nm/rad (initial specifications give 16.E+9Nm/rad). With this (increased) foundation
stiffness the frequency is still about 0.2Hz.
Freq-1 Freq-2 Freq-3
State
Reference, fore-aft
0.20043 1.4527 3.344
All blades iced (G.Ll)
0.19851 1.414
3.186
Sideways bending
0.19982 1.360
3.013
Sideways, idling rotor
0.20160 1.644 4.950
0.20979 1.530
3.475
Rigid foundation
Idem, Tower +1Diam
0.20029 1.442
3.314
Foundation 16.E+9Nm/rad 0.18372 1.341 3.191
0.20834 1.463
3.351
Without gravity
0.20823 1.504
3.245
Hub located at 97.6m
Some thicker diameter
0.20141 1.456
3.351
The blade properties in [1] give a total blade mass of 11950kg, with which the rotor mass is
65350kg, including 29500kg hub mass. For the mass on the tower top, also the 135407kg nacelle
mass is added. The rotor inertia is included in the tower frequency in terms of mass, static moment
w.r.t. tower top and inertia for rotation.
100
90
80
Height [m]
70
60
50
Tower geometry [m]
Mode shape 1
Mode shape 2
Mode shape 3
Mode shape 4
40
30
20
10
0
30 20 10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Tower geometry and mode shapes
ECN-CX--00-077
17
6.2 Blade Frequencies

For various number of blade elements, the rotating (14.92rpm) frequencies [Hz] are:
Elements
8
10
12
14
17
19
20
14, iced
Flap-1
0.985 0.971 0.966 0.966 0.965 0.965 0.965
0.815
3.022 2.726 2.633 2.619 2.615 2.622 2.625
2.223
Flap-2
Symm lag-1 1.277 1.274 1.271 1.270 1.269 1.269 1.269
1.054
Symm lag-2 3.552 3.545 3.522 3.542 3.549 3.554 3.556
2.985
It follows that for 14 blade elements most frequencies (especially the flap-1 and lag-1) are very
close to the values for 17, 19 or 20 elements.

The last column contains the frequencies as are calculated with ice (of 700kg/m ) as described in
the Germanischer Lloyd criteria [3]. Depending on the real thickness of the ice the blade can have
a resonance frequency. (Or will resonance shake the ice off?)
3.5
Frequency [Hz]
3.0
Blade edge 2
Blade flat 2
Blade edge 1
Blade flat 1
Tower bending
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Rotor speed [rpm]
17
18
19
20
Campbell diagram for the LMH46-5-X00 blades

The vertical (dashed) lines give the cut-in speed, the
nominal speed and the upper limit for the controller.
The Lock-number for the first flapping mode is 7.906. This value is high compared to conventional
wind turbines of the 1MW range. A high Lock number means that the rotor blade is sensitive to
gusts (assuming that the blade is not in stall) but that it also has a higher aerodynamic damping
for the flapping motion. With ice the Lock-number for the flapping mode is 6.37.
A warning was issued for the lead-lag frequency which is 5P if the rotor speed is near 15.24rpm.
An investigation is done into the effect of variations in edge stiffness on the calculated dynamic
loads for normal operation at 12m/s wind. It is concluded that for the given control setting the
machine loading was not very sensitive to variations in the edgewise blade stiffness.
18
ECN-CX--00-077
7. LOAD CASES ANALYSED

7.1 General
The verification of the NM3000 turbine with LMH46-5-X00 rotor blades is done by calculation
of the dynamic loads for the load cases specified in the IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD:
Second edition 1999-2, [6].

The calculations are performed for "Design wind class I B". The characteristic properties of the

wind conditions are:

.
The standard deviation for the nominal wind speed of 11.5m/s: = 1.98m/s, I = 17.22%.
The standard deviation for the cut-out wind speed of 25m/s: = 3.6m/s, I = 14.4%.
Following the IEC criteria [6] the amplitudes of the 1-year gusts and the time period of the extreme
operating gusts are 3/4 of the amplitudes for a recurrence period of 50-year.
Vertical shear The vertical shear for all load cases follows a power law with an exponent 0.2,
except for the Extreme Wind speed Model (DLC 6.1 and 7.1) which have an exponent 0.11.
Wind-elevation Although the Safety Requirements describe an inclination up to 8deg the load
cases at normal operation (DLC 1.1, NTM) are calculated without inclination while the other
load cases have an inclination of 8deg. An exception is normal operation at 4m/s, (file 104)
which has a wind elevation of 8deg to compensate for the fact that here the wind has (for
numerical reasons) no vertical turbulence. The real inclination should be the largest value that
is to be expected for the locations on which the turbine is installed.
Pitch error The control algorithm uses the pitch angle of blade 1.
Compared to blade 1, blade 2 has a pitch offset of 0.5deg and blade 3 a pitch offset of -0.5deg.
Yaw error The load cases with stochastic wind (NTM) are calculated for an average yaw error
of (alternating) +10deg and -10deg. The load cases with a non-turbulent wind (NWP) are
calculated with a yaw error of -15.0deg.
The negative error is used instead of a positive error because in combination with a vertical
shear this gives the strongest variations in aerodynamic loads over one revolution.
Error in rotor-speed The power controller uses the rotor-speed as input.
This rotor speed is evaluated with a time lag of half a controller time increment. A random error
between <-0.03rpm ... 0.03rpm> has been superposed on the speed, to simulate the disturbance
in the measurement of the signal.
The first 30s (about 7.5 revolutions) of all calculated load time series are omitted. For all operational conditions this is the (largest) time needed by the pitch control algorithm and the rotor speed
to obtain a stationary value or response.
Because the turbine is not fully defined and because it was anticipated that start-up load-cases will
not lead to design driving loads, it was decided not to model start procedures.
7.2 Grid of the SWIFT Wind Files

The load cases for normal production are calculated for wind intervals of 1m/s. The stochastic
wind files for these intervals are generated with different random seed numbers (prime numbers
larger than 1000). The Dimensions of the stochastic wind files are:
14 points in radial direction (= number of blade elements);
32 points in circumferential direction;
8192 points in longitudinal (time-)direction.
ECN-CX--00-077
19
For a rotor-speed of 14.92rpm the cut-off frequency for turbulence crossing is 3.98Hz. For a 0.1s
time-interval of the stochastic wind file the cut-off frequency in "time" direction is 5Hz. It is shown
that the highest frequencies that are described well are about 60% of this cut-off frequency: 2.4Hz.
These frequencies look low, but are sufficient for the rotor-speed of 0.249 rev/s. Note that the
2-nd blade flapping frequency is 2.62Hz. One may also notice that the grid size in radial direction
(14 points) is relatively 2 times smaller than in circumferential direction. The reason is that in
PHATAS the interpolation in the SWIFT wind file is done with a cubic spline in circumferential
(and longitudinal) direction while it is still done linearly in radial direction. In radial direction the
grid matches with the path of the centre of each blade element. Here the inner circle is located
at the centre of the second element while the outer blade element follows the 13-th circle of data
points. The 14-th circle of data-points is added to allow interpolation in the SWIFT wind grid that
is needed in case of (strong) tower motion.
(For some load cases the sideways tower motion can be 0.2m to 0.3m, which occurs not often.)
7.3 Load Case Description

The files with dynamic loads have a number based on the IEC load case.
Fatigue load cases

DLC 1.1 and 1.2 NTM Normal Production
The wind is divided in 20 intervals of 1m/s. The stochastic wind for each interval is generated
with a different random seed. The yaw misalignment for the wind intervals is alternating -10deg
and +10deg. After discussion with F. Goezinne (NEG Micon) the elevation or inclination of
the wind direction is not modelled. An exception is made for the wind interval at 4m/s, which
is calculated with a wind inclination of 8deg because here the vertical turbulence components are
not modelled (for numerical reasons).
DLC 6.2 NTM Stand by above cut-out wind
The state of operation above the cut-out wind speed is covered by an analysis for 35m/s stochastic
wind. This turbulence and vertical shear is calculated for the same design wind conditions as for
DLC 1.1.
The blades are in vane position (87deg) while the rotor is idling and the nacelle is free yawing with
a friction of 800kNm/(rad/s). From the calculations it followed that the turbine is always yawing
downwind. An annual average wind of 10m/s gives 70m/s as the 50-year extreme wind, which is
the maximum of the 3s average. One could look for the stochastic wind distribution that has that
maximum, but for simplicity the wind speed is kept constant at 70m/s.
DLC 4.1 NWP Normal shut down
The normal shut down is calculated after the 850s calculation for the normal power production,
NTM. Here a normal shut down is modelled with a 5deg/s pitch action towards vane position.
For 4m/s, 12m/s and 24m/s these shutdowns are included in the fatigue load spectrum, occurring
20000, 600 and 1200 times per 20 years.
Extreme load cases

All following load cases are calculated with a wind inclination of 8deg.
G.L. E1.4 Production with ice the blades
Following the G.Ll. Rules and Regulations the operation with ice on all blades and with ice on
all-except-1 blades is included. This is calculated for a stochastic wind speed of 12m/s and 24m/s
similar as for DLC NTM at these wind speeds. These load case files are named:
20
ECN-CX--00-077
LOAD CASES ANALYSED
811
812
821
822
12m/s wind with ice on 2 blades;

24m/s wind with ice on 3 blades.
DLC 1.3 ECD Extreme Coherent Gust and Direction Change

This is to be calculated at the nominal wind speed, which is 11.5m/s.
Yaw misalignment: 0.0deg, such that it does not add to the direction change.
Coherent gust amplitude: 15m/s.
Wind direction amplitude: 720/11.5 = 62.607deg, negative and positive.
Time period (PHATAS) 20.0s.
DLC 1.5 EOG 1 Extreme 1-year Operating Gust with grid loss
This is calculated at the nominal (11.5m/s) and cut-out (25m/s) wind speed with grid loss.
Yaw misalignment: -15.0deg.

:
For 11.5m/s and

the coherent gust amplitude is

.

:
For 25m/s and


.
The time period (in PHATAS) is 10.5s. The grid loss is modelled 2s to 6s after the gust starts.

DLC 1.6 EOG 50 Extreme Operating 50-year Gust

This is to be calculated at nominal (11.5m/s) and cut-out (25m/s) wind.

:

For nominal speed and


.

:

For cut-out speed and

.
The time period (in PHATAS) is 14.0s.

DLC 1.7 EWS Extreme Wind Shear

Yaw misalignment: -15.0deg
the amplitude of the extreme wind shear is 0.1292886(m/s)/m.
For nominal speed and
the amplitude of the extreme wind shear is 0.1924565(m/s)/m.
For cut-out speed and
The extreme wind shear is applied independently in vertical direction and in horizontal direction,
the latter 2 times with opposite sign. The time period (in PHATAS) is 12.0s.
This load case is also calculated with a negative vertical shear variation since this may give a
minimum tower clearance. This gives a total of 8! calculations.
DLC 1.8 EDC 50 Extreme Direction Change

Yaw misalignment: 0.0deg.
Wind direction amplitude (nominal): 43.128deg, negative and positive.
Wind direction amplitude (cut-out): 36.1206deg, negative and positive.
Time period (PHATAS) 12.0s.
DLC 1.9 ECG Extreme Coherent Gust
This is to be calculated at the nominal wind speed, which is 11.5m/s.
Coherent gust amplitude: 15m/s. The time period (in PHATAS) is 20.0s.
ECN-CX--00-077
21
DLC 2.1 NWP Faulted pitch

This load case is calculated with the position of blade 2 blocked.
The wind has a constant value of 11.5m/s and 25.0m/s,
Conditions for each of the file names:
211 Vwind = Vrated = 11.5m/s: blade 2 blocked at 22deg.
22deg is roughly the pitch angle at the cut-out wind of 25m/s.
212 Vwind = Vout = 25.0m/s: blade 2 blocked at 10deg.
The angle of 10deg is for a wind speed of roughly 14m/s.
The pitch failure detection must be reliable and fast enough to trigger a shutdown
before the wind increases from 14m/s to 25m/s.
213 Vwind = Vout = 25.0m/s: blade 2 blocked at 12deg.
After some load set calculations a blade blockage at 10deg appeared to be dimensioning.
Assuming that this is avoided by a reliable and fast detection system it was decided to
calculate failed control at Vout=25m/s for blade 2 blocked at 12deg.
DLC 5.1 NWP Emergency shutdown
This is calculated at nominal (11.5m/s) and cut-out (25m/s) wind.
In the calculation the generator is disconnected after 25s. This leads to over-speeding and results
in an emergency shutdown by pitching with 10deg/s.
After some calculations it appeared that the pitch control is fast enough to prevent over-speeding.
Since the wind used for this load case is not turbulent one may expect that for a real stochastic
wind the rotor may accelerate. For this reason the over-speed level is reduced to 16.05rpm for the
nominal wind speed of 11.5m/s and to 17.15rpm for the cut-out wind speed of 25m/s.
DLC 6.1 EWM 50 Wind turbine parked, idling
For an annual average wind of 10m/s, the 50-year extreme wind is 70m/s which is the maximum
of the 3s average. One could look for the stochastic wind distribution that has that maximum,
but for simplicity the wind speed is kept constant at 70m/s. The corresponding exponent of the
power law for vertical shear is 0.11. The parked condition with the 50-year Extreme Wind is
calculated for the blades in vane position, the rotor idling, the turbine free yawing. This load case
is calculated for 4 different initial yaw angles, two nearly upwind and two with +/-125deg yaw
misalignment (for both directions). It appears that within several seconds the turbine is yawing
downwind. Depending on the amount of yaw friction the yawing motion is damped. A fast yaw
motion (too little friction) shows to give higher blade loads. After some calculations it was found
that a yaw friction of 800kNm gives reasonable extreme design loads.
DLC 7.1 EWM 1 Wind turbine parked, blades in working position
For an annual average wind of 10m/s, the 1-year extreme wind is 52.5m/s. The corresponding
exponent of the power law for vertical shear is 0.11. The parked condition with the 1-year extreme
wind is calculated for the blades in working position, assuming a failed pitch control. For this
load case the wind direction changes 15deg in a time span of 10s. In each calculation this happens
twice, one time in each direction. The rotor is not idling although the turbine is free yawing. In an
attempt to cover the worst rotor position, the turbine is rotating slowly with a fixed speed of 4rpm.
This load case is calculated for 4 different initial yaw angles, of which two are nearly upwind and
two with +/-125deg yaw misalignment.
Also here the yaw friction is 800kNm. After some load set analyses it was found that this load
case gives strong extreme loads that are reduced slightly if the rotational speed is 2rpm.
In the sensitivity study the speed of 2rpm is used.
22
ECN-CX--00-077
LOAD CASES ANALYSED
7.4 File Name Description

Following are the characteristic properties of the files with the calculated load time series. For all
files the first 30s are skipped in the post-processing. This is already done in the FOCUS files in
which the time is also reset to zero at the beginning. For all extreme wind conditions, the transients
or gusts start after 30s which is the time for about 7.5 revolutions.
Fatigue loads
Ambient Yaw Upflow Time Number of
File Wind
num- condition
wind
error
angle
span
times in
ber
m/s
deg
deg
s
20 years
104 NTM1.1
4.0
-10.0
8.0
819.2 42620
105 NTM1.1
5.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 49643
106 NTM1.1
6.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 54647
7.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 57573
107 NTM1.1
108 NTM1.1
8.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 58494
109 NTM1.1
9.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 57589
10.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 55128
110 NTM1.1
111 NTM1.1
11.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 51430
112 NTM1.1
12.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 46843
113 NTM1.1
13.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 41709
114 NTM1.1
14.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 36344
15.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 31016
115 NTM1.1
16.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 25942
116 NTM1.1
117 NTM1.1
17.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 21277
18.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 17119
118 NTM1.1
119 NTM1.1
19.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2 13518
120 NTM1.1
20.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 10479
21.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2
7976
121 NTM1.1
122 NTM1.1
22.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2
5964
123 NTM1.1
23.0
+10.0
0.0
819.2
4381
124 NTM1.1
24.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2
4383
620 NTM1.1
35.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2
5687
30.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2
5031
630 NTM1.1
635 NTM1.1
35.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2
605
640 NTM1.1
40.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2
48
645 NTM1.1
35.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2
3
411 NWPstop
4.0
-10.0
0.0
20.0 20000
412 NWPstop
12.0
-10.0
0.0
20.0
600
413 NWPstop
24.0
-10.0
0.0
20.0
1200
The load factor for the fatigue loads in this table is 1.35. The last column of this table contains
the number of times that the load time series should be included for a period of 20 years.
The fatigue loads includes DLC 6.2 (file 620) which is stand-by at 35m/s witch stochastic wind.
For a more detailed analysis of the fatigue loads, the stand-by state above cut-out (DLC 6.2) is
calculated for three wind speed values above cut-out. The files are named 630, 635, 640 and 645
for an average wind of 30m/s, 35m/s, 40m/s and 45m/s respectively. Here file 635 is identical to
the former file 620. The number of times for the dynamic load file 630, 635, 640 and 645 is for
the time that the wind is in the interval 25m/s - 30m/s and 30m/s - 35m/s and 35m/s 40m/s and 40m/s .... resp.
The "dynamic energy production" calculated from the calculated response for normal operation
with stochastic wing (NTM) is 12.935 GWh per year. This is for a Weibull distribution with an
average of 9m/s and a shape factor of 2.0 and a 100% availability.
ECN-CX--00-077
23
Extreme loads
File Wind
Ambient Yaw Upflow Time Load Description
num- condition
wind
error angle
span factor of transient.
m/s
deg
deg
s
ber
131 ECD neg
11.5
0.0
8.0
40.0
1.35
132 ECD pos
11.5
0.0
8.0
40.0
1.35
151 EOG 1
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Grid loss after 30+2s
152 EOG 1
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Grid loss after 30+3.5s
153 EOG 1
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
156 EOG 1
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
157 EOG 1
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Grid loss after 30+4.5s
158 EOG 1
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35
161 EOG 50
162 EOG 50
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 (Overspeed:> Brake activation)
171 EWS
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Positive vertical shear
172 EWS
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Horizontal shear
173 EWS
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Horizontal shear, other sign
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Negative vertical shear
174 EWS
176 EWS
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Positive vertical shear
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Horizontal shear
177 EWS
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Horizontal shear, other sign
178 EWS
179 EWS
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Negative vertical shear
181 EDC 50
11.5
0.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Negative direction change
182 EDC 50
11.5
0.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Positive direction change
25.0
0.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Negative direction change
186 EDC 50
25.0
0.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Positive direction change
187 EDC 50
191 ECG
11.5
0.0
8.0
40.0
1.35 Extreme 15m/s coherent gust
211 NWP
11.5
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.1
Blade 2 blocked at 22.0deg
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.1
212 NWP
213 NWP
25.0
-15.0
8.0
40.0
1.1
511 ECG
11.5
-15.0
8.0
50.0
1.35 Stop initiated by overspeed
512 ECG
25.0
-15.0
8.0
50.0
1.35 Stop initiated by overspeed
611 EWM 50
70.0
15.0
8.0
70.0
1.35 Blades vane, Idling, Free yawing
612 EWM 50
70.0
-15.0
8.0
70.0
613 EWM 50
70.0
125.
8.0
70.0
70.0
-125.
8.0
70.0
614 EWM 50
711 EWM 1
52.5
15.0
8.0
70.0
1.1
Blades 0.5deg, Parked, Free yaw
712 EWM 1
52.5
-15.0
8.0
70.0
1.1
52.5
125.
8.0
70.0
1.1
713 EWM 1
714 EWM 1
52.5
-125.
8.0
70.0
1.1
721 EWM 1
52.5
15.0
8.0
70.0
1.1
722 EWM 1
52.5
-15.0
8.0
70.0
1.1
723 EWM 1
52.5
125.
8.0
70.0
1.1
724 EWM 1
52.5
-125.
8.0
70.0
1.1
Loads with ice
811 GL-E1.4
12.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 1.35 As NTM1.1 12m/s, ....blade 1 & 2
812 GL-E1.4
12.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 1.35 As NTM1.1 12m/s, all blades ice
821 GL-E1.4
24.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 1.35 As NTM1.1 24m/s, ....blade 1 & 2
822 GL-E1.4
24.0
-10.0
0.0
819.2 1.35 As NTM1.1 24m/s, all blades ice
The load cases in files 721, 722, 723 and 724 are calculated with a fixed rotational speed, of 2rpm
instead of the former 4rpm.
24
ECN-CX--00-077
8. RESULTS
8.1 Load Time Series
For all load cases described in chapter 7, plots of the calculated dynamic response are included in
appendix A. From these plots it follows that:
The rotor-speed controller looks to work well, giving a correcting pitch rate if the rotor
speed exceeds 17.6rpm, see e.g. file 115 at t=580s.
During some extreme gusts an emergency shutdown (pitch with 10deg/s) is triggered.
The over-speed trigger level for these circumstances was not known in detail.
For all stand-by conditions above cut-out wind with the blades at 87deg, as in DLC 6.1
and DLC 6.2 the turbine appears to yaw downwind.
For the stand-by conditions above cut-out wind with the blades in working position,
0.5deg, the turbine appears to yaw upwind if the initial misalignment is small,
and downwind if the initial misalignment is larger than 90deg.
8.2 Extreme Loads

For all dynamic load cases the extreme loads are calculated for the locations:
Tower bottom and tower top, the latter at a height of 97.6m;
Rotor centre, in the non-rotating reference frame;
Blade, at radial positions of [m]: 1.5 3.5 6.5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
The blade loads are given in the local pitching reference frame.
Extreme blade moment [kNm]
Here the extreme values are selected over the time span listed in the tables in section 7.4 using
the factor listed in the last column. For the blade cross sections the extreme loads are the extreme
values that may occur in any of the rotor blades. Complete tables with extreme loads for the tower
base and blade root are listed in appendix B. As can be seen these tables are rather long.
11000
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
ECN-CX--00-077
10
15
20
25
30
35
Radial position R [m]
Radial distribution of extreme blade bending moments
40
45
25
For a clear overview a sub-set of load cases is selected. This sub-set contains all load cases that
give an extreme or the second extreme total bending moment for all cross sections listed here,
from the load sets for 13 configurations in the report NM3000 - LMH46-5 BLADE DESIGN,
Aerodynamic Parameter Sensitivity Study , [9]. The resulting load set contains 20 load cases,
among which 6 during normal power production. In this selection the load cases in file 212, 711,
712, 713 and 714 are excluded.
For all locations tables with extreme loads for this top20 sub-set are included in appendix B.
Note that the 3-rd extreme does not need to be the 3-rd extreme of the complete load set.
The extreme tower bending moments including load factor are calculated for cross sections on
several heights.
The critical moments are the critical moments for buckling of the cross section in combination
with the axial compressive load. Here the axial compressive load is the compressive load at local
height with a load factor of 1.35. The calculations showed that the torsional moment in the tower
has marginal influence on the calculated critical moment.
The solution method for buckling deals with the ovalisation of the cross section (due to so-called
"Brazier loads"), and the corresponding decrease in bending stiffness.
100
90
80
Tower geometry [m]

Extreme bending moment [MNm]
Bucklingcritical moment [MNm]
Height [m]
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
20 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360
Lateral coordinate [m], Bending moment [MNm]
Calculated extreme and buckling critical tower bending moments

It appears the for a height larger than 65m the tower is close to critical. At a height of 82.35m
(where the wall thickness is 10mm) the calculations predict buckling for the calculated extreme
moments including the load factor. The critical moment for a height of 82.35m is also calculated
for an axial load with a factor 1.1 (instead of 1.35) which gave an increase in the critical bending
moment of only 0.7%.
For the rotor blade the critical moments were not calculated because structural descriptions of the
blade cross sections were not available.
26
ECN-CX--00-077
RESULTS
8.3 Tower Clearance

For (initially) straight rotor blades it is evident that the tower clearance is simply dictated by the
path of the blade tip. For upwind curved blades the tower clearance may be dictated by a point
on the blade at a smaller span. Considering however that the outer 10m of the blade is straight
while the blade has a relatively large thickness up to 25m radius, it follows that the deformation of
the inner blade area is not so strong so that one may still use the path of the blade tip to calculate
the tower clearance. The blade model as used in PHATAS has a -1.1deg cone angle (upwind)
instead of the pre-bent geometry. This means that the real tower clearance at the tip is 2.0m 45.5m = 1.13m larger than the calculated clearance. The output of PHATAS contains
the maximum tip displacement as well as the minimum clearance of the blade with respect to the
tower. The 3.834m tower diameter is included in the clearance while the dimension of the blade
tip is neglected.
The maximum tip displacement was found for the following load cases:
131:
115:
161:
114:
172:
811:
5.190m
5.043m
4.995m
4.913m
4.752m
4.721m
blade
blade
blade
blade
blade
blade
2
1
1
3
1
3
time
time
time
time
time
time
42.467s
306.200s
36.700s
585.533s
36.650s
686.950s
azimuth
azimuth
azimuth
azimuth
azimuth
azimuth
356.89deg
239.61deg
354.51deg
216.33deg
358.48deg
337.54deg
For the maximum tip displacement any location in the rotor plane is traced. The azimuth listed
here gives the position of the actual blade. The blade passes the tower if the azimuth is 90deg.
The load cases with the smallest minimum tower clearance are:
113:
111:
132:
115:
711:
174:
4.260m
4.800m
4.840m
4.848m
4.879m
4.895m
blade
blade
blade
blade
blade
blade
3
2
1
3
3
3
time
time
time
time
time
time
688.750s
392.117s
33.333s
351.517s
83.733s
34.967s
From this clearance the tower radius (1.9171m) at lowest blade tip height is already subtracted.
The 1.13m correction for modelling the pre-bent shape as a cone angle of -1.1deg (up-wind) is not
yet applied viz not yet added to the clearance!
8.4 Fatigue Equivalent Load Cycles

Following the IEC Safety Requirements, IEC 61400-1 ed.2, the fatigue load set includes normal
production, stand-by above cut-out wind speed, start and stop conditions. It is assumed that the
start conditions develop smoothly for which reason they are not not yet included in this pre-design
phase.
With the remaining fatigue load cases the fatigue equivalent load cycles are calculated for cross
sections in the tower, the rotor centre (non-rotating) and the rotor blades. For the tower and rotor
which is an approximate value for steel. For the
loads the decrement of the S-N curve
blade cross sections this decrement
which is a representative value for fibre-reinforced
composites. For several load components in the cross sections mentioned in section 8.2, bar-charts
with fatigue equivalent load cycles are included in appendix C.
As can be seen from these bar charts the fatigue equivalent loads are the largest for a wind
speed between nominal and cut-out.
ECN-CX--00-077
27
28
ECN-CX--00-077
REFERENCES
[1] Dobbe, T., van den Berg, R. and Bensoussan R.;
Concept design of a 3MW offshore rotor blade, LMH46-5-X00 , OD.00.031.
[2] ESDU;
Mean fluid forces and moments on cylindrical structures:
Polygonal sections with rounded corners including elliptical shapes .
Engineering Sciences Data Item Number 79026, ISBN 0 85679 274 8, 1979,
Specialised Printing Services Limited, 7-9 Charlotte Street London W1P 2ES.
[3] Germanischer Lloyd;
Vorschriften und Richtlinien Nicht Maritime Technik,
Teil 1 - Richtlinie fur die Zertifizierung von Windenergieanlagen .
Ausgabe 1999.
[4] Goezinne F.;
3MW turbine data for blade optimisation , Nr. 001-FG-R0067, Rev21.
[5] van der Hooft, E.L.;
DOWEC Blade pitch control algorithms for blade optimisation purposes .
ECN-CX--00-083, Petten, February 2001.
[6] International Electrotechnical Commission;
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD,
Wind turbine generator systems - Part 1: Safety requirements .
IEC 61400-1 Second edition 1999-2.
[7] Lindenburg C, and Schepers J.G.;
PHATAS-IV AEROELASTIC MODELLING .
ECN-CX--00-027, April 2001.
[8] Lindenburg, C.;
STALL COEFFICIENTS, Release "DEC-2000" .
ECN-Wind Memo-00-031, February 2001.
[9] Lindenburg, C., Bot, E. and Hendriks H.B.;
NM3000 - LMH46-5 BLADE DESIGN, Aerodynamic Parameter Sensitivity Study .
ECN-C--00-077, ECN, Petten, May 2001.
ECN-CX--00-077
29
30
ECN-CX--00-077
APPENDIX A. PLOTS OF LOAD TIME SERIES

8.0
Wind speed
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
9.4
Rotor speed
9.2
9.0
8.8
8.6
8.4
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
400.0
Gen. power
300.0
200.0
100.0
0.0
100.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2000.0
M_flat
1500.0
1000.0
500.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
Dynamic response from file 104: DLC 1.2, NTM 4m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
31

10.0
Wind speed
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
60.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
40.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
10.5
Rotor speed
10.0
9.5
9.0
8.5
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
800.0
Gen. power
600.0
400.0
200.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3000.0
M_flat
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
32
ECN-CX--00-077
Plots of Load Time Series

10.0
Wind speed
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
11.0
10.5
Rotor speed
10.0
9.5
9.0
8.5
8.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
800.0
Gen. power
600.0
400.0
200.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_flat
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
33

12.0
Wind speed
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
60.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
40.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
14.0
Rotor speed
13.0
12.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1500.0
Gen. power
1000.0
500.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_flat
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
34
ECN-CX--00-077

15.0
Wind speed
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
16.0
Rotor speed
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3000.0
Gen. power
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
5000.0
M_flat
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
M_edge
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
35

14.0
Wind speed
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
60.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
40.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
15.0
Rotor speed
14.0
13.0
12.0
11.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3000.0
2500.0
Gen. power
2000.0
1500.0
1000.0
500.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
5000.0
M_flat
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
M_edge
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
36
ECN-CX--00-077

15.0
Wind speed
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
16.0
Rotor speed
15.0
14.0
13.0
12.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
4.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
1000.0
0.0
8000.0
7000.0
6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
M_flat
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
M_edge
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
37

20.0
Wind speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
60.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
40.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
17.0
Rotor speed
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
12.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
10.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
5.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
1000.0
0.0
8000.0
7000.0
6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
M_flat
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
38
ECN-CX--00-077

20.0
Wind speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
17.0
Rotor speed
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
15.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
5.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
8000.0
M_flat
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
39

20.0
Wind speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
15.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
5.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40
ECN-CX--00-077

25.0
Wind speed
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
15.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
5.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2800.0
2600.0
2400.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
8000.0
M_flat
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
41

25.0
Wind speed
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2800.0
2600.0
2400.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
8000.0
M_flat
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
42
ECN-CX--00-077

30.0
25.0
Wind speed
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2800.0
2600.0
2400.0
2200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
43

25.0
Wind speed
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2800.0
2600.0
2400.0
2200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
44
ECN-CX--00-077

30.0
25.0
Wind speed
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2800.0
2600.0
2400.0
2200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
45

30.0
Wind speed
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
60.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
40.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
46
ECN-CX--00-077

30.0
Wind speed
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2800.0
2600.0
2400.0
2200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
47

30.0
Wind speed
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
48
ECN-CX--00-077

40.0
Wind speed
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
49

40.0
Wind speed
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
0.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
19.0
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
12.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
Rotor speed
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
10000.0
M_flat
5000.0
0.0
5000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
50
ECN-CX--00-077

40.0
35.0
Wind speed
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
20.0
19.0
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
12.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
Rotor speed
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
51

50.0
Wind speed
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
50.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2.0
Rotor speed
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1.5
Gen. power
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
M_flat
500.0
0.0
500.0
1000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
52
ECN-CX--00-077

60.0
Wind speed
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
100.0
200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2.0
Rotor speed
1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1.5
Gen. power
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
M_flat
500.0
0.0
500.0
1000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
53

60.0
Wind speed
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
100.0
200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3.0
Rotor speed
2.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1.5
Gen. power
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2000.0
M_flat
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
10000.0
8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
6000.0
8000.0
10000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
M_edge
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
54
ECN-CX--00-077

70.0
Wind speed
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
100.0
200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3.0
Rotor speed
2.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1.5
Gen. power
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
2000.0
M_flat
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
10000.0
M_edge
5000.0
0.0
5000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
55

30.0
Wind speed
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 131: DLC 1.3, ECD 11.5m/s
56
ECN-CX--00-077

30.0
Wind speed
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
80.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
15.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
5.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3100.0
3000.0
2900.0
2800.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 132: DLC 1.3, ECD 11.5m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
57

18.0
Wind speed
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 151: DLC 1.5, EOG 1 11.5m/s
58
ECN-CX--00-077

18.0
Wind speed
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
ECN-CX--00-077
59

18.0
Wind speed
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
60
ECN-CX--00-077

35.0
Wind speed
30.0
25.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Rotor speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
90.0
70.0
50.0
30.0
10.0
10.0
30.0
50.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
M_flat
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
6000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 156: DLC 1.5, EOG 1 25m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
61

35.0
Wind speed
30.0
25.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Rotor speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
90.0
70.0
50.0
30.0
10.0
10.0
30.0
50.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
M_flat
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
6000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
62
ECN-CX--00-077

35.0
Wind speed
30.0
25.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Rotor speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
90.0
70.0
50.0
30.0
10.0
10.0
30.0
50.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
M_flat
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
6000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
ECN-CX--00-077
63

18.0
Wind speed
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
18.0
Rotor speed
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
15.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
5.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
8000.0
M_flat
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
64
ECN-CX--00-077

40.0
Wind speed
35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Rotor speed
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
90.0
70.0
50.0
30.0
10.0
10.0
30.0
50.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
10000.0
8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
6000.0
8000.0
10000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
M_flat
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
ECN-CX--00-077
65

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Rotor speed
14.8
14.8
14.7
14.7
14.7
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3100.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2900.0
2800.0
2700.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
7000.0
M_flat
6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 171: DLC 1.7, EWS 11.5m/s
66
ECN-CX--00-077

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
14.9
Rotor speed
14.8
14.8
14.7
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3100.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2900.0
2800.0
2700.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
7000.0
M_flat
6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
ECN-CX--00-077
67

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Rotor speed
14.8
14.7
14.7
14.6
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3100.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2900.0
2800.0
2700.0
2600.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
5000.0
M_flat
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
68
ECN-CX--00-077

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
14.8
Rotor speed
14.8
14.7
14.7
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3100.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2900.0
2800.0
2700.0
2600.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
6000.0
M_flat
5000.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
ECN-CX--00-077
69

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
16.4
16.3
Rotor speed
16.2
16.1
16.0
15.9
15.8
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
3150.0
Gen. power
3100.0
3050.0
3000.0
2950.0
2900.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
M_flat
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 176: DLC 1.7, EWS 25m/s
70
ECN-CX--00-077

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
16.1
Rotor speed
16.1
16.1
16.0
16.0
15.9
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
3150.0
Gen. power
3100.0
3050.0
3000.0
2950.0
2900.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
M_flat
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
ECN-CX--00-077
71

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
16.8
Rotor speed
16.6
16.4
16.2
16.0
15.8
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
3150.0
Gen. power
3100.0
3050.0
3000.0
2950.0
2900.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
M_flat
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
72
ECN-CX--00-077

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
16.6
Rotor speed
16.4
16.2
16.0
15.8
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
3150.0
Gen. power
3100.0
3050.0
3000.0
2950.0
2900.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
3000.0
M_flat
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
ECN-CX--00-077
73

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
0.0
14.9
14.7
14.5
14.3
14.1
13.9
13.7
13.5
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Rotor speed
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
5000.0
M_flat
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 181: DLC 1.8, EDC 50 11.5m/s
74
ECN-CX--00-077

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
50.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
14.9
14.7
14.5
14.3
14.1
13.9
13.7
13.5
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Rotor speed
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
5000.0
M_flat
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 182: DLC 1.8, EDC 50 11.5m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
75

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
17.0
Rotor speed
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_flat
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 182: DLC 1.8, EDC 50 25m/s
76
ECN-CX--00-077

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
40.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
17.0
Rotor speed
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2800.0
2600.0
2400.0
2200.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
M_flat
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 187: DLC 1.8, EDC 50 25m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
77

30.0
Wind speed
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
20.0
Rotor speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
90.0
70.0
50.0
30.0
10.0
10.0
30.0
50.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
40.0
60.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
0.0
9000.0
7000.0
5000.0
3000.0
1000.0
1000.0
3000.0
5000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
M_flat
20.0
40.0
60.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
Dynamic response from file 191: DLC 1.9, ECG 11.5m/s
78
ECN-CX--00-077

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
12.4
Rotor speed
12.2
12.0
11.8
11.6
11.4
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1300.0
Gen. power
1200.0
1100.0
1000.0
900.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
5000.0
4500.0
M_flat
4000.0
3500.0
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 211: DLC 2.1, NWP 11.5m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
79

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
17.4
17.2
17.0
16.8
16.6
16.4
16.2
16.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Rotor speed
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3100.0
3000.0
2900.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1000.0
M_flat
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 212: DLC 2.1, NWP 25m/s
80
ECN-CX--00-077

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
17.4
17.2
17.0
16.8
16.6
16.4
16.2
16.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Rotor speed
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
30.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3200.0
Gen. power
3100.0
3000.0
2900.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
1000.0
M_flat
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 213: DLC 2.1, NWP 25m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
81

6.0
Wind speed
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
20.0
40.0
60.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
10.0
Rotor speed
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
60.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
40.0
20.0
0.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
200.0
Gen. power
100.0
0.0
100.0
200.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
3000.0
M_flat
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
82
ECN-CX--00-077

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
10.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
15.0
Rotor speed
10.0
5.0
0.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
60.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
40.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
3000.0
Gen. power
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
3000.0
M_flat
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
6000.0
M_edge
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
ECN-CX--00-077
83
29.0
27.0
25.0
23.0
21.0
19.0
17.0
15.0
850.0
Wind speed
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
10.0
20.0
30.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
20.0
Rotor speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
80.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
20.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
3000.0
M_flat
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
850.0
855.0
860.0
865.0
870.0
84
ECN-CX--00-077

13.0
Wind speed
12.0
11.0
10.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Rotor speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
4000.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
5000.0
M_flat
0.0
5000.0
10000.0
0.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
M_edge
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 511: DLC 5.1, ECG 11.5m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
85

28.0
27.0
Wind speed
26.0
25.0
24.0
23.0
22.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
0.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
5.0
10.0
15.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
20.0
Rotor speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
8000.0
Gen. power
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
2000.0
M_flat
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
Dynamic response from file 512: DLC 5.1, ECG 25m/s
86
ECN-CX--00-077

80.0
Wind speed
75.0
70.0
65.0
60.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
1.0
Rotor speed
0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.0
Gen. power
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
M_flat
50.0
100.0
150.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
Dynamic response from file 611: DLC 6.1, EWM 50 70m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
87

80.0
Wind speed
75.0
70.0
65.0
60.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
300.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
200.0
100.0
0.0
100.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.0
Rotor speed
1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.0
Gen. power
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2000.0
M_flat
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
10000.0
M_edge
5000.0
0.0
5000.0
10000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
88
ECN-CX--00-077

80.0
Wind speed
75.0
70.0
65.0
60.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
300.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
200.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
0.5
Rotor speed
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
3.0
Gen. power
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
1000.0
M_flat
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
ECN-CX--00-077
89

80.0
Wind speed
75.0
70.0
65.0
60.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
300.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
200.0
100.0
0.0
100.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
1.0
0.5
Rotor speed
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.0
Gen. power
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2000.0
M_flat
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
4000.0
3000.0
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
M_edge
50.0
100.0
150.0
90
ECN-CX--00-077

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
4.4
Rotor speed
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.6
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
1000.0
Gen. power
900.0
800.0
700.0
600.0
500.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
7000.0
M_flat
6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
Dynamic response from file 711: DLC 7.1, EWM 1 52.5m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
91

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
4.4
Rotor speed
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.6
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
1000.0
Gen. power
900.0
800.0
700.0
600.0
500.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
8000.0
M_flat
7000.0
6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
92
ECN-CX--00-077

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
4.4
Rotor speed
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.6
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
Gen. power
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
0.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
5000.0
6000.0
7000.0
8000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
M_flat
50.0
100.0
150.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
ECN-CX--00-077
93

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
150.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
100.0
50.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
4.4
Rotor speed
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.6
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
400.0
Gen. power
200.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
0.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
3000.0
4000.0
5000.0
6000.0
7000.0
8000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
M_flat
50.0
100.0
150.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
94
ECN-CX--00-077

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.2
Rotor speed
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
380.0
Gen. power
360.0
340.0
320.0
300.0
280.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
6500.0
M_flat
6000.0
5500.0
5000.0
4500.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
ECN-CX--00-077
95

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
10.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.2
Rotor speed
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.0
0.5
1.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
380.0
Gen. power
360.0
340.0
320.0
300.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
7000.0
M_flat
6000.0
5000.0
4000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2000.0
M_edge
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
96
ECN-CX--00-077

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.2
Rotor speed
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
Gen. power
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
3000.0
M_flat
4000.0
5000.0
6000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
ECN-CX--00-077
97

60.0
Wind speed
55.0
50.0
45.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
150.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
100.0
50.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2.2
Rotor speed
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
0.5
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
100.0
Gen. power
0.0
100.0
200.0
300.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
2000.0
M_flat
3000.0
4000.0
5000.0
6000.0
7000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
3000.0
M_edge
2000.0
1000.0
0.0
1000.0
2000.0
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
98
ECN-CX--00-077

20.0
Wind speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
17.0
Rotor speed
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
15.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
5.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
8000.0
M_flat
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
Dynamic response from file 811: G.Ll. E1.4, NTM 12m/s
ECN-CX--00-077
99

20.0
Wind speed
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
17.0
Rotor speed
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
15.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
10.0
5.0
0.0
5.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
8000.0
M_flat
6000.0
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
100
ECN-CX--00-077

40.0
35.0
Wind speed
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
20.0
19.0
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
12.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
Rotor speed
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
10000.0
M_flat
5000.0
0.0
5000.0
10000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
4000.0
M_edge
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
ECN-CX--00-077
101

40.0
35.0
Wind speed
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
20.0
Wind dir.
Yaw angle
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
19.0
Rotor speed
18.0
17.0
16.0
15.0
14.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
40.0
Pitch rate
Pitch angle
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
3500.0
Gen. power
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_flat
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
6000.0
M_edge
4000.0
2000.0
0.0
2000.0
4000.0
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
102
ECN-CX--00-077
APPENDIX B. EXTREME LOAD TABLES

This appendix contains tables with extreme loads in the tower, rotor-hub and blades. In these
tables the extreme loads for each load case do not include a load factor, while the overall extreme
loads are listed after multiplication with the IEC load factor as indicated.
For the tower base and for the blade root the following tables contain the complete load set.
Output of the program loadex for model: NM3000_LMH465x00

for the load set specified in file: all.occ
Extreme tower loads at location
0.000 m
Nonrotating system
Case
Fside
Fax
Ftens
Mtilt
Mside
104 MIN
21535
10843 4347954 10676490
625289
104 AVE
100
68430 4347954
4504674
151330
104 MAX
25540
144978 4347954
1185321
1200678
105 MIN
36542
13284 4347954 15651088
807349
105 AVE
2600
99072 4347954
7671651
497702
105 MAX
48445
211321 4347954
2413685
2363736
106 MIN
62530
35493 4347954 18093758
1708036
106 AVE
885
131982 4347954 11096330
529248
106 MAX
53926
248657 4347954
4003931
2552072
107 MIN
61828
43836 4347954 28561970
2123451
107 AVE
5077
174952 4347954 15403606
1035203
107 MAX
80042
339903 4347954
5759361
4455110
108 MIN
79566
13923 4347954 41399416
2538487
108 AVE
1227
230337 4347954 21223398
923795
108 MAX
83923
492771 4347954
5482973
4585339
109 MIN
93496
99494 4347954 41219172
2885417
109 AVE
8613
285544 4347954 26715678
1741506
109 MAX
102504
488542 4347954 13911500
6364982
110 MIN
153998
78278 4347954 49141232
4507515
110 AVE
1035
340229 4347954 32493256
1385143
110 MAX
155399
556619 4347954 12583113
7132607
111 MIN
206066
41287 4347954 51552512
4717273
111 AVE
12039
361664 4347954 34400032
2514536
111 MAX
193014
619389 4347954 12008555
9716783
112 MIN
212281
10462 4347954 56111984
8821277
112 AVE
1818
346840 4347954 32998606
1824585
112 MAX
215843
654904 4347954
9776078
11358753
113 MIN
210319
39807 4347954 55807912
7698203
113 AVE
15234
320279 4347954 30076094
2944018
113 MAX
259934
683938 4347954
4800678
13051084
114 MIN
262657
319002 4347954 53482316
9463643
114 AVE
1532
295641 4347954 27442790
1827221
114 MAX
284786
675472 4347954
28109140
11211094
115 MIN
223669
328943 4347954 54760860
6357483
115 AVE
18892
274661 4347954 25316906
3242933
115 MAX
254666
649664 4347954
28517436
13396220
116 MIN
224363
375551 4347954 57652412
9790515
116 AVE
658
261495 4347954 23645460
1765312
116 MAX
212858
690958 4347954
30025728
13335507
117 MIN
203738
379935 4347954 71606176 11408224
117 AVE
23204
247905 4347954 22434141
3633881
117 MAX
267374
818312 4347954
35402576
16731292
118 MIN
230608
421585 4347954 59628924 11087403
118 AVE
784
241833 4347954 21280373
1660622
118 MAX
227287
733607 4347954
29127302
13997792
119 MIN
254512
374800 4347954 61282220 13710068
119 AVE
28538
232087 4347954 20625001
4125186
119 MAX
338269
698182 4347954
32362702
21863578
120 MIN
253382
449570 4347954 61561680 12752299
120 AVE
3135
230752 4347954 19755431
1475516
120 MAX
230476
749049 4347954
33661568
15646028
121 MIN
286137
362238 4347954 67107388 17264282
121 AVE
34588
223842 4347954 19587533
4691941
121 MAX
373228
843914 4347954
29831554
26203516
122 MIN
292937
544773 4347954 73215672 18389806
122 AVE
6160
225249 4347954 18763040
1220236
122 MAX
250518
885552 4347954
43750208
20206614
123 MIN
323534
512801 4347954 79435504 18555164
123 AVE
40937
218624 4347954 18801656
5274194
123 MAX
424839
1021765 4347954
40653136
30076110
124 MIN
381595
485013 4347954 79322056 23505458
124 AVE
9383
223754 4347954 18141005
952426
124 MAX
345966
954973 4347954
40918792
28276930
Myaw
1011086
49071
978184
1530489
50649
1179422
1533807
73475
1608738
1982842
85225
1640310
2059755
139388
2375975
2279399
133496
1919345
2435784
225601
2989647
3050227
171537
2804916
3089801
182337
2866755
3622141
105911
3182150
4261923
50961
3944043
3489703
57289
3836070
3786471
65172
3368993
3701441
282
3907360
4712737
181079
4126354
3794332
25181
5384142
4270940
309471
4751365
5043684
49584
4764536
5100239
434363
3998749
5453328
92743
5854262
6745714
581668
4562612
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
145084
10711670 85
213196
15742497 84
248769
18131236 86
340501
28611450 87
492963
41491876 86
489706
41412736 84
557442
49162176 88
619422
51570156 89
655516 13
56201652 87
692256
56012308 85
676800
53626856 86
649908
54796744 88
695037
58053340 83
837334
12
72663024 80
733872
60273620 82
699643
61282220 90
749049
61563132 90
844390
67324280 85
891125
73560520 96
1021904
79503760 92
957793
79398512 93
Extreme tower root loads (first part)
ECN-CX--00-077
103
131
131
131
132
132
132
151
151
151
152
152
152
153
153
153
156
156
156
157
157
157
158
158
158
161
161
161
162
162
162
171
171
171
172
172
172
173
173
173
174
174
174
176
176
176
177
177
177
178
178
178
179
179
179
181
181
181
182
182
182
186
186
186
187
187
187
191
191
191
211
211
211
212
212
212
411
411
411
412
412
412
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
187235
88750
4491
1351
95211
178484
100469
6325
100796
143712
7022
109210
133320
6001
107726
169726
62964
66546
265229
63624
160528
179694
66972
93594
52293
3802
48899
233720
66101
108820
13470
614
23269
26210
6097
15544
11651
2524
13417
42551
7997
19181
73415
20344
55814
69008
30149
10567
68203
29074
8727
136314
39534
15118
26399
13616
4461
968
21738
33176
121277
64343
24585
16227
88647
162214
228871
72238
74367
457024
2366
441576
215917
35401
160791
123137
2071
125927
126419
954
108080
324386
326572
741531
58383
324445
563952
977366
22376
779761
1099933
39195
841257
827966
63029
703550
986471
59555
959350
1111043
63512
1075702
912510
69492
884386
410002
337093
851950
1132952
80500
1054810
373764
401094
424943
368321
401725
425351
338833
399327
427147
343080
401320
435218
161443
225329
272046
168599
229754
274044
163717
226919
271090
172861
234213
301636
237195
320587
423065
240814
310611
423065
55796
228573
397450
53745
216354
347574
299616
101524
603362
576707
174900
944033
114401
253686
608918
130507
19579
114054
267495
141159
551166
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
4347954
70292496
29927878
36530060
52222152
28827689
5439838
71825472
608955
96660504
77150664
1089132
107966472
63942800
3563107
83285608
85903480
929192
97875496
97387904
1310910
110524456
78200976
1858455
90197792
81672344
32029417
41407048
94202176
3127667
112428128
41387892
39038555
37100728
40626452
38732499
35975816
40516568
38538521
33351686
41538876
38297159
31243254
23746760
18914822
15801445
21088784
18505311
14195811
21175886
18465099
14911121
21437286
18140930
12140655
40116740
30694639
23237290
40116744
28837502
22911378
33239850
18313109
2220200
29676430
19412359
6147290
57088172
4293308
34694884
89362032
15264294
57256928
48815284
21149991
7312353
7055274
646905
14137882
44640420
11636619
25878736
12543438
4542316
1994141
1931054
8318947
12178973
6916563
496999
5079303
6498229
566053
5702985
5036799
407529
4003331
12841509
5157664
3896824
17300570
5120596
8628968
16612508
5650644
5612358
2936455
1182397
5505800
18222372
5310310
6741164
534324
1600121
3702263
530432
1084299
2266760
705933
1390163
2601651
1951751
900746
2542456
3671992
44789
6106225
3552364
939178
1764465
3088263
922149
1422320
8910670
1826438
1753032
1023189
55181
1994141
1670949
2881070
3985879
7692167
3690165
2710362
1280145
9128898
13661357
15622736
5350817
4664624
42475328
622403
43053240
17980856
1556157
15385054
6054272
217532
6937238
5071268
1133900
5802253
4031789
742591
3678164
3008893
621946
1668245
1927356
377057
685669
2015725
350934
908780
1631027
296535
670088
5123021
940527
454145
5424789
926167
659866
5135604
742084
404999
1109027
332222
1467828
5547768
714313
838784
225477
536658
1222319
217856
789707
2894809
2270272
182766
744491
661831
424913
942469
1866831
1175774
405178
1856344
823937
2699906
5475549
1891015
915920
3364623
1559584
919040
2865
549767
961990
996668
287861
314072
2561822
1180086
269049
1263416
95641
1321292
3784819
1031013
1112136
5562330
15911
4548966
6841606
1076884
7345148
631138
40668
408266
1582648
161424
1212243
745966
70351336 92
564234
52323696 86
978829 184
96798944
93
1100488 178 107974680
89
831534 185
83430456
93
987649 183
98093400
94
1117769 186 110558360
91
917483 186
90325264
852020
81673344 90
1133848 182 112683984
93
94
424957
41529572 85
425408
40655088 88
427159
40538464 88
435245
41573484 88
273152
24488160 76
274848
21102576 93
271846
21185044 93
316919 18
21478428 94
423069
40162152 87
423069
40162152 87
400054
33266282 92
350048
30346052 77
603705
57088388 90
1008720
22
96587808 67
615690
12
49925432 75
150549 139
15145508
551257
44640568 90
65
Extreme tower root loads (second part)
104
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables
413 MIN
320084
318483
413 AVE
47971
101504
413 MAX
256748
720960
511 MIN
141111 1243290
511 AVE
14573
43651
511 MAX
107363
1178786
512 MIN
244286
612266
512 AVE
68263
58967
512 MAX
114017
686271
611 MIN
195261
428298
611 AVE
127560
668666
611 MAX
442853
924362
612 MIN
379866
237845
612 AVE
39645
666337
612 MAX
258431
1123494
613 MIN
743517
721100
613 AVE
483456
475886
613 MAX
277010
201236
614 MIN
386353
495631
614 AVE
65446
669042
614 MAX
267240
872098
630 MIN
304254
44292
630 AVE
60456
178995
630 MAX
166338
442164
635 MIN
503922
84664
635 AVE
21451
172843
635 MAX
443199
431236
640 MIN
541142
101417
640 AVE
15760
222420
640 MAX
672805
559469
645 MIN
693322
89450
645 AVE
5261
278450
645 MAX
641390
648782
721 MIN
182284
916056
721 AVE
95606
1018830
721 MAX
2877
1095442
722 MIN
134759
963046
722 AVE
5069
1061451
722 MAX
157023
1125986
723 MIN
114768
916027
723 AVE
291030
1016674
723 MAX
465335
1102763
724 MIN
282758
1024610
724 AVE
188073
1073649
724 MAX
94317
1110128
811 MIN
541470
23221
811 AVE
2500
351474
811 MAX
563231
647186
812 MIN
179893
19466
812 AVE
2056
353592
812 MAX
174386
638282
821 MIN
577948
508803
821 AVE
22928
223660
821 MAX
586591
920969
822 MIN
465809
480371
822 AVE
23802
223802
822 MAX
385255
880207
Overall extreme loads.
MINIMUM 1 1003749 1678442
Case
613
511
Factor
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
935985 1529485
Case
645
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
780230 1499908
Case
821
157
Factor
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
908287
1591361
Case
640
511
Factor
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
865876
1516716
Case
645
612
Factor
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
791898
1452198
Case
821
157
Factor
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
1003749
1678442
Case
613
511
Factor
1.350
1.350
4347954 45503768
4347954
5258360
4347954
25997854
4347954 107941680
4347954
1369265
4347954 121419008
4347954 59504112
4347954
1126184
4347954
61680832
4347954 69249136
4347954 45252298
4347954 23026614
4347954 87342944
4347954 45031775
4347954
4699961
4347954
5628509
4347954
31744801
4347954
54862788
4347954 63792876
4347954 45278308
4347954 28994988
4347954 39453304
4347954 16219552
4347954
2866686
4347954 33735404
4347954 14602983
4347954
5119840
4347954 44135904
4347954 17999205
4347954
7288867
4347954 49576228
4347954 21825981
4347954
6664632
4347954 96038888
4347954 88462739
4347954 78765952
4347954 98767808
4347954 92928899
4347954 83796336
4347954 101183688
4347954 92721667
4347954 82714680
4347954 102559736
4347954 99405558
4347954 94631128
4371232 55122828
4371232 33320862
4371232
9121465
4382871 54073720
4382871 33464077
4382871 11288957
4371232 74810896
4371232 17662705
4371232
44750028
4382871 65984340
4382871 17572762
4382871
43038588
23254120
3190947
20528224
12338540
1153826
9766616
13377262
6170339
4701140
19856698
10488211
40772388
32422070
1403828
26138690
59118120
33451889
14604618
33765548
4038522
26973398
26106000
4892002
14597714
43018704
2028548
38538488
49406252
1540964
58367084
57532096
517810
51685076
16689638
9653681
2095896
8166649
3449230
16894204
13936709
29587604
44815512
23874630
18053624
11476295
46287116
1514704
50760020
6644274
1572407
9800894
46515044
158508
46460772
23153590
222595
24486152
5693670
958482
3206413
4275007
60062
904756
4329974
616916
234341
821801
694620
795240
824744
705543
792334
819461
668047
794445
824726
669847
788294
845802
631219
794729
855893
769508
795736
857862
762976
830847
867899
703672
827744
877557
868041
856572
877684
570684
745977
843970
660536
792288
847168
815437
783934
3082576
261674
3983583
2938980
267544
3217800
6202977
704033
4125693
7148245
700657
4390178
5916876 145721264
812
511
1.350
1.350
5916876 131473672
822
157
1.350
1.350
5901164 127172936
811
162
1.350
1.350
4782750 163915664
211
511
1.100
1.350
4782750 151777968
212
162
1.100
1.350
4782750 149208016
721
157
1.100
1.350
5916876 163915664
812
511
1.350
1.350
79809464
613
1.350
77668328
645
1.350
66698440
640
1.350
78795568
640
1.350
69774856
645
1.350
68526032
811
1.350
79809464
613
1.350
9650130
822
1.350
9106714
124
1.350
8374019
821
1.350
8079663
212
1.100
7903254
123
1.350
7268592
119
1.350
9650130
822
1.350
740238
13
48786544 69
1248828 185 121528320
92
699888 12
62270488
99
930358
70142048 81
1133144
88655720 80
839855 238
63072784 156
872574
63843852 92
476229 33
41377976 237
530082 72
44491024 195
702932
73
60173892 14
748661 44
62329120 40
1103054
96727288 97
1126009
98789736 89
1129948
16 104278344 74
1136776 13 104979816 257

741894
30
63860496 38
638309
54096364 88
930580
75694048 81
880353
66320900 84
1685918 185 164063232

511
511
1.350
1.350
1530695 182 152123376
162
162
1.350
1.350
1529744
7 149253792
612
157
1.350
1.350
92
94
91
Extreme tower root loads (last part)
ECN-CX--00-077
105

for the load set specified in file: all.occ
Extreme blade loads at spanwise location
0.000 m
For twist angle
7.855 deg Rotating with pitch
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
104 MIN
7941
112921
33541
1875042
127525
104 AVE
38128
3783
156227
93385
978586
104 MAX
81558
118669
284247
1706681
2036248
105 MIN
4399
117505
38372
1970940
199677
105 AVE
48709
3374
165229
84586
1277728
105 MAX
102833
123009
320824
1809524
2572177
106 MIN
5638
120876
43928
2069671
248667
106 AVE
60170
2873
181296
73007
1601125
106 MAX
121955
124010
341314
1979995
3034856
107 MIN
16091
125110
49770
2235556
534250
107 AVE
75633
2725
224201
71615
2029942
107 MAX
155636
130432
461932
2105451
4086349
108 MIN
13423
128467
50211
2287679
462123
108 AVE
95595
3007
286757
81800
2573236
108 MAX
194240
135428
531471
2193313
5384713
109 MIN
29105
130294
138828
2254882
816849
109 AVE
115565
2850
346289
80351
3110794
109 MAX
211870
133685
529732
2165660
5356250
110 MIN
34171
137873
171397
2596289
901860
110 AVE
134948
2152
389102
63096
3629207
110 MAX
223997
138130
611290
2369470
6038525
111 MIN
30004
142985
215344
2596964
758998
111 AVE
142727
2280
420159
66218
3797052
111 MAX
249538
144809
655720
2610695
6501123
112 MIN
3318
143603
249296
2928447
214709
112 AVE
137573
4604
446883
123330
3563456
112 MAX
249698
156720
672982
2649353
6435885
113 MIN
19562
138173
259079
2998073
587035
113 AVE
128269
6622
479258
168245
3209008
113 MAX
264869
159601
710089
2446054
6106103
114 MIN
42847
144457
287537
3133734
1012284
114 AVE
119542
8597
508946
209237
2870470
114 MAX
258949
168893
725689
2620312
6736462
115 MIN
51587
142425
286748
2793042
1781791
115 AVE
111574
9210
520926
215865
2577006
115 MAX
244042
152364
740268
2553833
6849657
116 MIN
45961
152965
296558
2940543
2018713
116 AVE
106456
9703
519557
219801
2371149
116 MAX
272216
159697
742499
3213972
6447620
117 MIN
80486
160247
294845
3226063
2595132
117 AVE
100787
9432
527982
202894
2150933
117 MAX
254860
166728
759627
3230295
5754476
118 MIN
57582
151157
304053
3100980
2122031
118 AVE
98070
9610
521822
198310
2016698
118 MAX
253082
166424
742202
2968086
6032254
119 MIN
95949
163457
276393
3216032
2905793
119 AVE
93372
8938
521481
170701
1833520
119 MAX
247196
161431
745822
3350807
5470574
120 MIN
77135
157888
292059
3324985
2202255
120 AVE
92426
9169
516853
168740
1749727
120 MAX
267717
172829
765035
3338925
6392724
121 MIN
145618
154129
285772
3105448
4989899
121 AVE
88576
8221
513791
133568
1593747
121 MAX
249818
163733
751976
3124959
5835777
122 MIN
82104
179715
282595
3265588
2687059
122 AVE
88688
8666
518850
135800
1530681
122 MAX
282832
169807
762626
3914322
5825259
123 MIN
182786
181901
276175
3829252
5330871
123 AVE
84778
7077
513848
83199
1379779
123 MAX
281668
180681
768477
4220013
6008177
124 MIN
91231
175016
260744
3421443
3250453
124 AVE
86123
8051
511234
100087
1354371
124 MAX
280967
181493
757237
3709013
6244255
Mtors
8465
709
13159
8877
1935
17908
11971
3841
20774
11222
5921
32937
14654
7285
42007
15804
9690
42996
20592
11256
48781
20011
12702
55373
24735
10723
51949
35109
8494
62498
44159
5437
54605
58754
3573
63397
56756
2517
48364
50966
712
51609
61937
530
42462
65088
926
53417
62952
648
44833
65438
1880
54966
60103
1722
53098
89026
3077
67921
76740
1985
51046
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
134797 143
2557295
37
151568 137
3034389
33
168859 135
3531070
32
185342 128
4191990
23
222496 125
5398039
229878 114
5488753
13
248447 119
6068381
17
267656 121
6627299
11
275244 115
6678468
15
274270 105
6193156
10
281710 113
6928446
14
259654 110
6877537
291142 111
6632629
14
268253 111
5955589
15
269867 115
6083987
264789 116
5473142
15
277796 109
6607381
15
256771 120
5923725
10
296298 107
5862929
299485 110
6361764 143
289870 104
6264673
Extreme blade root loads (first part)
106
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables
131
131
131
132
132
132
151
151
151
152
152
152
153
153
153
156
156
156
157
157
157
158
158
158
161
161
161
162
162
162
171
171
171
172
172
172
173
173
173
174
174
174
176
176
176
177
177
177
178
178
178
179
179
179
181
181
181
182
182
182
186
186
186
187
187
187
191
191
191
211
211
211
212
212
212
411
411
411
412
412
412
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
MIN
AVE
MAX
70893
123913
288662
68236
123559
230105
120697
25758
144154
121816
29829
193573
96669
38198
190259
96183
15629
178468
99019
18006
177854
87470
16497
136953
25580
134396
270217
115659
27872
262363
81152
156682
221710
79144
156765
240704
116703
155534
193300
108714
155602
207387
9958
87428
179211
28112
87839
218759
22164
86257
132621
5335
86577
190128
80478
127623
189153
95067
124795
186691
1409
89093
175455
65216
82851
158779
80856
33481
256552
32277
73420
194400
26032
95915
325177
90237
19113
112383
93349
64835
199353
145115
5029
132042
111365
4970
122110
163829
5999
137964
159414
6997
140802
150964
7708
136923
195150
3232
132112
197836
3706
127454
186109
4303
123570
136985
2844
133835
244460
2707
159815
111496
448
111875
122581
419
118216
110224
367
111538
110251
320
115914
90060
8467
111213
88569
8578
109699
100896
7875
109300
93283
7939
113270
111849
3057
114625
111014
2571
113169
110479
6877
120466
94215
4049
103122
169091
1819
141603
127159
2065
120843
105120
545
107726
134779
779
117306
146490
2795
125872
281122
456739
725682
309301
472170
720751
293946
499948
751757
302339
500053
728135
302843
502439
761229
86692
126857
846229
93789
127490
834466
121182
120025
825995
270775
421846
681038
122560
153542
971113
294061
417599
543969
300840
418143
537848
295942
417139
534630
300853
417721
535545
394440
513691
641604
394573
510823
625142
394713
518453
670914
394702
515981
655523
257418
381994
537572
260625
382383
537360
290723
492726
648245
293951
486627
633441
86934
145185
886208
143793
272953
409492
387842
544281
681422
80522
66809
275850
114111
190840
547417
2139184
106566
2661058
2027128
112246
1714511
2315996
67268
3231050
2237522
93982
2967693
2262139
116072
2926916
2155117
106005
4521893
2010752
96299
4500798
2067948
77965
4071198
2126355
78849
2264254
2680469
87206
5385876
1678598
19910
1678155
1830313
17720
2002186
1657320
18777
1628291
1754855
16266
1639233
1707032
130371
1401853
1662222
136926
1389561
1668565
114889
1865222
1754867
119876
1547199
1736213
87462
1657948
1706014
76616
1608648
1925801
153151
1861312
1732345
84395
1476736
2369028
126236
3608734
1791774
106918
2196602
1681964
115919
1814675
1796829
20018
2201324
2056503
106359
2695853
2275554
3177944
7404086
1715087
3171785
5867801
3198193
269278
2860780
2861522
388601
5102477
2878742
637626
4999281
4015791
130425
2652645
3748366
192991
2524138
3327851
169564
2170367
547708
3534493
7039407
4710804
419006
5600764
2021047
4221118
6095975
2130434
4223771
6514773
2830754
4190080
5096857
2807231
4191684
5573636
1372024
1388685
3838125
1097068
1403406
4351293
1258855
1356161
3606321
1231683
1367538
4126811
2327517
3449458
4955081
2718234
3371491
4862267
600938
1676651
3400806
2279139
1527178
3218315
2087941
591878
6397633
1438701
1865475
4862607
1232971
1721144
7727173
1406763
458657
1793389
1140167
1649021
5151099
86962
1361
36701
90337
3129
49902
67360
18648
17773
49039
17790
28312
71040
15691
32925
61350
3198
31307
61409
1738
31768
61614
3731
26612
28064
10314
35308
60090
2243
56547
3044
13890
34214
9581
13410
29472
4999
14325
32892
3202
13887
29823
21536
1607
16652
20476
1809
16317
30882
1225
30368
31968
1434
38053
9500
9157
31668
5374
10451
32874
44783
2400
20674
55958
5391
32049
49177
1053
40132
22987
1435
22582
48459
5760
31230
10870
1231
15426
19957
3106
40484
306354 110
7549609
243938 111
6053075 14
178159 204
4421535 133
208614 112
5189344
10
219807 120
5254389
18
200330 193
5842178 130
203046 193
5857254 130
188470 189
5219427 130
287831 110
7191345
263023
6920368 130
96
11
12
239047 114
6208418
12
269763 117
6809941
17
222141 120
5335946
18
225900 114
5736712
14
181667 113
3839698
231372 109
4435667
11
164911
51
3916457 23
192042
98
4127895
217670 120
5195296
17
213349 120
5080301
17
192591 114
3530196
16
180444 118
3385598
18
267336 106
6463851
210518 119
4995119
13
340847 107
7863318
11
142995 160
2299909
73
228540 124
5302424
16
Extreme blade root loads (second part)
ECN-CX--00-077
107
413 MIN
152027
156331
413 AVE
40432
2011
413 MAX
218383
141780
511 MIN
133963
234837
511 AVE
15765
7002
511 MAX
191576
145318
512 MIN
102355
222797
512 AVE
8245
6853
512 MAX
130034
131937
611 MIN
94016
59430
611 AVE
19927
34205
611 MAX
219331
5099
612 MIN
109637
69602
612 AVE
18455
32930
612 MAX
184935
5914
613 MIN
101099
56104
613 AVE
19940
34200
613 MAX
217837
2007
614 MIN
136165
52866
614 AVE
17920
33700
614 MAX
195748
3871
630 MIN
179209
24915
630 AVE
1315
1569
630 MAX
185708
27124
635 MIN
209320
36768
635 AVE
3458
1789
635 MAX
205049
31151
640 MIN
231349
45968
640 AVE
5103
5112
640 MAX
233477
37093
645 MIN
244194
54807
645 AVE
6502
9139
645 MAX
286137
37995
721 MIN
206858
97714
721 AVE
265206
7190
721 MAX
309132
112290
722 MIN
225700
98218
722 AVE
277123
7610
722 MAX
320900
111192
723 MIN
283012
141660
723 AVE
248052
27198
723 MAX
201339
92036
724 MIN
284284
144747
724 AVE
257370
25304
724 MAX
210301
94357
811 MIN
555
156800
811 AVE
140747
4389
811 MAX
257149
173701
812 MIN
4808
164862
812 AVE
142375
4383
812 MAX
259487
183160
821 MIN
105848
212070
821 AVE
87972
8814
821 MAX
287440
186629
822 MIN
145297
196263
822 AVE
88843
9140
822 MAX
287160
193027
MINIMUM 1
329662
330021
Case
645
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
312712
317031
Case
724
511
Factor
1.100
1.350
MINIMUM 3
312321
300776
Case
640
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
389694
260586
Case
131
822
Factor
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
388045
251949
Case
821
821
Factor
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
387667
247266
Case
822
812
Factor
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
389694
330021
Case
131
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
83759
223491
737534
125377
93237
868233
103015
94178
719496
98097
1693
125462
75598
1991
125408
82262
1474
126410
72545
1415
126163
118615
965
122014
118668
818
123144
120880
1136
122489
122551
1556
125823
124266
7278
110703
127666
8707
114255
125150
5750
113278
127317
6692
115179
257586
499974
791856
297636
531678
794192
271417
579088
922586
336117
609955
901306
2586625
83171
3220190
2441836
68054
5331106
2208222
10209
5571775
772364
194617
627068
575435
172242
795707
670396
200478
582908
582578
193004
507623
759029
68016
522346
827124
65247
637784
1055028
45430
912184
1330312
19417
1074032
1847725
241120
1359025
1837098
252541
1350732
1266509
663503
2440048
1318078
643055
2582671
3471091
115064
2874642
3789153
112896
3161715
3826106
129913
4502812
4137896
139593
4472664
2088971
620546
4914985
4942817
374925
4733783
4636720
52855
1960404
3275995
17485
4748975
3322628
11522
4086214
3292386
9032
4721116
3637157
9847
4337725
3231516
2601
3338618
3904133
11011
3781822
4645182
12697
4378284
4956904
12078
5572729
4541189
5569173
6413587
4598459
5814730
6880131
5869146
5200454
4242387
5959203
5384840
4384307
234479
3618910
6625260
88494
3637680
6601679
4307452
1430069
6109362
3908534
1450076
6456878
62611
4953
34272
57013
1485
58295
59947
4360
65705
99922
3046
102443
92442
3001
88018
99332
3290
101389
94821
2831
94733
38339
117
34758
51445
778
52108
63848
936
71349
82989
1350
74361
77415
56155
33690
81898
59434
38096
44709
65418
86869
45091
68346
92453
35154
10670
55704
38425
10540
59645
91821
2246
53031
79314
2173
55267
169259
511
1.350
165456
162
1.350
165443
645
1.350
1311003
162
1.350
1245491
821
1.350
1216764
822
1.350
1311003
162
1.350
5586160
822
1.350
5169491
123
1.350
5165243
821
1.350
7521896
512
1.350
7270933
162
1.350
7196993
511
1.350
7521896
512
1.350
7196676
123
1.350
6736364
121
1.350
6691820
645
1.350
9995516
131
1.350
9503199
161
1.350
9247037
115
1.350
9995516
131
1.350
134894
611
1.350
134099
613
1.350
128009
614
1.350
138298
611
1.350
136876
613
1.350
127890
614
1.350
138298
611
1.350
232602 111
4915011
245295 197
6685066 127
237073 200
7248713 130
219331
90
4799045
184954
91
4124683
217903
91
4755664
195839
92
4374476
186039
87
3353813
210785 97
3910711 177
233982
86
4654004 176
286530
87
5624246
320753 106
6519960
10
331846 106
6944697
296515 72
5982088 191
298402 246
6293889 159
285037 119
6986653
19
289417 116
6942077
18
300650 114
6200118
10
309051 114
6508538
417219 114
822
1.350
413578 110
131
1.350
405877 114
821
1.350
10191972 11
131
1.350
9785763 130
512
1.350
9708316 12
161
1.350
Extreme blade root loads (last part)
108
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

for the load set specified in file: top20.occ
0.000 m
Nonrotating system
Case
Fside
Fax
Ftens
Mtilt
Mside
112 MIN
212281
10462 4347954 56111984
8821277
112 AVE
1818
346840 4347954 32998606
1824585
112 MAX
215843
654904 4347954
9776078
11358753
113 MIN
210319
39807 4347954 55807912
7698203
113 AVE
15234
320279 4347954 30076094
2944018
113 MAX
259934
683938 4347954
4800678
13051084
115 MIN
223669
328943 4347954 54760860
6357483
115 AVE
18892
274661 4347954 25316906
3242933
115 MAX
254666
649664 4347954
28517436
13396220
121 MIN
286137
362238 4347954 67107388 17264282
121 AVE
34588
223842 4347954 19587533
4691941
121 MAX
373228
843914 4347954
29831554
26203516
123 MIN
323534
512801 4347954 79435504 18555164
123 AVE
40937
218624 4347954 18801656
5274194
123 MAX
424839
1021765 4347954
40653136
30076110
124 MIN
381595
485013 4347954 79322056 23505458
124 AVE
9383
223754 4347954 18141005
952426
124 MAX
345966
954973 4347954
40918792
28276930
131 MIN
187235
324386 4347954 70292496 12543438
131 AVE
88750
326572 4347954 29927878
4542316
131 MAX
4491
741531 4347954
36530060
1994141
132 MIN
1351
58383 4347954 52222152
1931054
132 AVE
95211
324445 4347954 28827689
8318947
132 MAX
178484
563952 4347954
5439838
12178973
156 MIN
169726
986471 4347954 85903480 12841509
156 AVE
62964
59555 4347954
929192
5157664
156 MAX
66546
959350 4347954
97875496
3896824
157 MIN
265229 1111043 4347954 97387904 17300570
157 AVE
63624
63512 4347954
1310910
5120596
157 MAX
160528
1075702 4347954 110524456
8628968
158 MIN
179694
912510 4347954 78200976 16612508
158 AVE
66972
69492 4347954
1858455
5650644
158 MAX
93594
884386 4347954
90197792
5612358
161 MIN
52293
410002 4347954 81672344
2936455
161 AVE
3802
337093 4347954 32029417
1182397
161 MAX
48899
851950 4347954
41407048
5505800
162 MIN
233720 1132952 4347954 94202176 18222372
162 AVE
66101
80500 4347954
3127667
5310310
162 MAX
108820
1054810 4347954 112428128
6741164
212 MIN
215917
114401 4347954 48815284 17980856
212 AVE
35401
253686 4347954 21149991
1556157
212 MAX
160791
608918 4347954
7312353
15385054
511 MIN
141111 1243290 4347954 107941680 12338540
511 AVE
14573
43651 4347954
1369265
1153826
511 MAX
107363
1178786 4347954 121419008
9766616
512 MIN
244286
612266 4347954 59504112 13377262
512 AVE
68263
58967 4347954
1126184
6170339
512 MAX
114017
686271 4347954
61680832
4701140
611 MIN
195261
428298 4347954 69249136 19856698
611 AVE
127560
668666 4347954 45252298
10488211
611 MAX
442853
924362 4347954 23026614
40772388
811 MIN
541470
23221 4371232 55122828 46287116
811 AVE
2500
351474 4371232 33320862
1514704
811 MAX
563231
647186 4371232
9121465
50760020
812 MIN
179893
19466 4382871 54073720
6644274
812 AVE
2056
353592 4382871 33464077
1572407
812 MAX
174386
638282 4382871 11288957
9800894
821 MIN
577948
508803 4371232 74810896 46515044
821 AVE
22928
223660 4371232 17662705
158508
821 MAX
586591
920969 4371232
44750028
46460772
MINIMUM 1
780230 1678442 5916876 145721264 62795312
Case
821
511
812
511
821
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
730985 1529485 5901164 131473672 62487608
Case
811
162
811
157
811
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
515153 1499908 5901164 127172936 31732368
Case
124
157
821
162
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
791898
1591361 4782750 163915664
68526032
Case
821
511
212
511
811
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.100
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
760362
1452198 5869738 151777968
62722044
Case
811
157
112
162
821
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
597851
1423993 5869738 149208016
55042724
Case
611
162
113
157
611
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
791898
1678442
5916876 163915664
68526032
Case
821
511
812
511
811
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Myaw
3089801
182337
2866755
3622141
105911
3182150
3489703
57289
3836070
5043684
49584
4764536
5453328
92743
5854262
6745714
581668
4562612
4031789
742591
3678164
3008893
621946
1668245
5123021
940527
454145
5424789
926167
659866
5135604
742084
404999
1109027
332222
1467828
5547768
714313
838784
6841606
1076884
7345148
4275007
60062
904756
4329974
616916
234341
821801
694620
795240
3082576
261674
3983583
2938980
267544
3217800
6202977
704033
4125693
9106714
124
1.350
8374019
821
1.350
7525766
212
1.100
8079663
212
1.100
7903254
123
1.350
6432124
121
1.350
9106714
124
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
655516 13
56201652 87
692256
56012308 85
649908
54796744 88
844390
67324280 85
1021904
79503760 92
957793
79398512 93
745966
70351336 92
564234
52323696 86
987649 183
98093400
94
1117769 186 110558360
91
917483 186
90325264
852020
81673344 90
1133848 182 112683984

615690
12
93
94
49925432 75
1248828 185 121528320
92
699888 12
62270488
930358
70142048 81
741894
30
63860496 38
638309
54096364 88
930580
75694048 81
1685918 185 164063232

511
511
1.350
1.350
1530695 182 152123376
162
162
1.350
1.350
1508988 186 149253792
157
157
1.350
1.350
99
92
94
91
Extreme top20 tower root loads
ECN-CX--00-077
109

97.600 m
Nonrotating system
Case
Fside
Fax
Ftens
Mtilt
Mside
112 MIN
93729
80011 1969300
868435
673737
112 AVE
6901
293299 1969300
1795508
1890494
112 MAX
107716
495284 1969300
4619308
2707588
113 MIN
83610
30089 1969300
1336966
1046256
113 AVE
14317
267378 1969300
1945000
1906836
113 MAX
112622
494157 1969300
5237251
2666324
115 MIN
84898
227377 1969300
1135141
1035386
115 AVE
16748
222677 1969300
1819199
1870375
115 MAX
120100
466640 1969300
4506904
2714992
121 MIN
159061
255056 1969300
3378849
733026
121 AVE
27658
161012 1969300
1358143
1910126
121 MAX
223157
571283 1969300
5951942
3071862
123 MIN
172546
359043 1969300
4518006
262334
123 AVE
32068
149379 1969300
1174941
1921592
123 MAX
249879
617554 1969300
5949778
3422162
124 MIN
215441
347983 1969300
3249327
180728
124 AVE
2866
148267 1969300
2390817
1797526
124 MAX
228736
645341 1969300
7605600
3096999
131 MIN
85252
268537 1969300
2662855
940724
131 AVE
26052
258264 1969300
1801312
1935086
131 MAX
18503
577368 1969300
6614987
2405201
132 MIN
5960
50397 1969300
186275
1557129
132 AVE
38432
254729 1969300
2913337
1931068
132 MAX
73523
454984 1969300
5475329
2233458
156 MIN
102961
759343 1969300
407712
1356025
156 AVE
41682
983 1969300
2968390
598423
156 MAX
33969
642626 1969300
7965923
2106933
157 MIN
150326
845480 1969300
304946
1441515
157 AVE
42138
2271 1969300
2977765
734866
157 MAX
74239
736153 1969300
7991878
2035695
158 MIN
128827
684964 1969300
886116
1122190
158 AVE
45739
7576 1969300
3056323
511303
158 MAX
37555
590741 1969300
7819809
2036970
161 MIN
31256
310679 1969300
333336
1309515
161 AVE
2498
285871 1969300
1865920
1742265
161 MAX
36783
670815 1969300
3911543
2420963
162 MIN
140028
868294 1969300
209456
644307
162 AVE
43858
19488 1969300
2969829
780857
162 MAX
54344
711298 1969300
9840238
2732216
212 MIN
138078
56570 1969300
3117955
904811
212 AVE
16126
174724 1969300
2408236
1648595
212 MAX
104221
394585 1969300
8630618
2677605
511 MIN
93822
916505 1969300
61161
1016751
511 AVE
9973
21535 1969300
2960341
218667
511 MAX
73534
819419 1969300
7682629
1968369
512 MIN
120673
467018 1969300
594455
1115808
512 AVE
47926
964 1969300
2797968
50143
512 MAX
52063
456146 1969300
6800691
2302569
611 MIN
175765
316 1969300
3529087
125665
611 AVE
65518
168304 1969300
2845288
453100
611 MAX
311935
349806 1969300
2182908
1036174
811 MIN
339486
70051 1992578
703714
48059
811 AVE
3510
298176 1992577
1871959
1886652
811 MAX
359951
478328 1992578
5500755
3121437
812 MIN
77843
92018 2004217
822530
816983
812 AVE
3310
300462 2004216
1927044
1894638
812 MAX
84359
484073 2004217
5056344
2652744
821 MIN
358112
368863 1992578
2345839
102503
821 AVE
5911
149272 1992577
2885948
1768330
821 MAX
365798
616474 1992578
8737579
3483613
MINIMUM 1
483451 1237282 2705692
6099308
1946045
Case
821
511
812
123
157
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
458306 1172197 2689980
4764267
1830634
Case
811
162
811
611
156
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
290845 1141399 2689980
4561446
1514956
Case
124
157
821
121
158
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
493828
1106216 2166230
13284322
4702878
Case
821
511
212
162
821
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.100
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
485934
993807 2658555
11795732
4619919
Case
811
157
112
821
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
421113
960252 2658555
10789035
4213940
Case
611
162
113
157
811
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
493828
1237282
2705692
13284322
4702878
Case
821
511
812
162
821
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Myaw
3027913
178685
2809335
3549591
103790
3118413
3419806
56142
3759235
4942661
48591
4669105
5344101
90885
5737004
6610600
570017
4471225
3951034
727717
3604492
2948626
609488
1634831
5020409
921689
445049
5316133
907616
646649
5032740
727221
396887
1086813
325568
1438428
5436648
700006
821983
6704572
1055315
7198028
4189380
58859
886634
4243247
604560
229648
821801
694620
795240
3027793
257024
3912788
2889536
263043
3163665
6092740
691521
4052372
8924310
124
1.350
8225199
821
1.350
7375029
212
1.100
7917831
212
1.100
7744955
123
1.350
6303291
121
1.350
8924310
124
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
495410
4957667
68
494188
5559857
70
466711
4972023
65
573275
6290225
71
619429
6192022
74
646385
7706743
81
577391
6717755
80
455139
5832651
70
759488 181
8069949
81
845933 182
8128347
79
685535 182
7872213
83
670821
4216391
68
871745 185
10072739
78
12
8893980
76
916546 181
7684346
89
469844 194
6947692
77
369244
33
3531885 88
534298
34
5911464
69
484171
5433664
69
616761
8812333
83
1237337 181
511
1.350
1176856 185
162
1.350
1142010 182
157
1.350
13598198
162
1.350
11896650
821
1.350
10973269
157
1.350
78
399256
83
79
Extreme top20 tower top loads
110
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

Extreme shaft loads at location
1.800 m
Nonrotating system
Case
Fside
Fvert
Ftens
Mtilt
Myaw
112 MIN
98515
707146
574554
2080435
2378133
112 AVE
1956
631618
409816
689350
367383
112 MAX
101937
555148
222481
3527850
2873949
113 MIN
100384
717690
572866
2674400
2928094
113 AVE
8726
628298
378785
780918
60287
113 MAX
100836
531008
160216
3888224
2791589
115 MIN
95821
704568
592217
2538326
3082145
115 AVE
11404
628279
324280
522665
89552
115 MAX
125139
549792
23272
3278683
3435187
121 MIN
131110
742651
501773
5489697
4280596
121 AVE
22986
623782
245825
120900
147199
121 MAX
174283
475218
113943
4729253
4290019
123 MIN
145277
776313
521115
6267116
4966193
123 AVE
27734
622046
229950
341039
170870
123 MAX
198467
463714
171702
4582231
5128007
124 MIN
173025
763349
493800
4211211
5225186
124 AVE
460
622058
232756
903478
391121
124 MAX
197894
474118
84164
5882403
4158483
131 MIN
67587
693660
603270
3214655
3563183
131 AVE
21559
639600
366690
560481
1002045
131 MAX
17587
593219
63814
4150599
3614373
132 MIN
10746
642131
576865
2255411
2532261
132 AVE
21893
610783
364380
1801215
484043
132 MAX
68723
557620
54279
4777572
1542832
156 MIN
93970
682333
374865
314781
4651380
156 AVE
45605
579871
50492
1231470
690598
156 MAX
46923
507222
360499
4236519
554248
157 MIN
93042
681520
377765
159400
4947967
157 AVE
46101
576804
52977
1260362
661980
157 MAX
3348
506833
393389
4189103
747200
158 MIN
95574
660892
294309
501293
4557496
158 AVE
50842
582836
60863
1335362
485738
158 MAX
1486
514339
315366
4363995
525384
161 MIN
17677
650397
646123
92441
963073
161 AVE
2023
630070
401821
746909
513483
161 MAX
15184
607387
69096
1739168
1744830
162 MIN
101599
697050
683888
287999
5045073
162 AVE
48522
588947
85592
1258427
439999
162 MAX
15031
526533
442458
5596340
990234
212 MIN
75126
704154
335729
5335461
6470143
212 AVE
21031
616840
264605
1015488
796361
212 MAX
18431
539622
196958
7820246
7317206
511 MIN
52240
675304
468524
115695
3776461
511 AVE
11604
614431
81477
1183582
6375
511 MAX
19577
555892
475669
3438385
869772
512 MIN
99883
639049
286120
154724
3822869
512 AVE
51827
585849
55749
1043171
401444
512 MAX
383
527533
335419
4414966
337800
611 MIN
298036
549696
8820
808752
428718
611 AVE
54506
540047
87751
1095547
2289
611 MAX
205219
524865
154709
1460351
537187
811 MIN
137669
827877
595228
1924583
2690186
811 AVE
423
655741
416381
677924
450716
811 MAX
156542
494519
234728
3953585
3563846
812 MIN
90716
746642
577668
1948181
2341761
812 AVE
555
667483
419545
692431
456544
812 MAX
80048
588137
241677
3712692
3268192
821 MIN
240732
914141
499449
3211914
5610853
821 AVE
7835
646570
235664
1307059
487303
821 MAX
202305
377576
119499
6313899
3966007
MINIMUM 1
402349 1234090
923249
8460606
7574651
Case
611
821
162
123
821
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
324989 1117634
872266
7411091
7117158
Case
821
811
161
121
212
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.100
MINIMUM 3
233584 1048023
814414
5869007
7054001
Case
124
123
131
212
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.100
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
277046
509727
642154
8602271
8048927
Case
611
821
511
212
212
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.100
1.100
MAXIMUM 2
273111
593584
597318
8523764
6922810
Case
821
212
162
821
123
Factor
1.350
1.100
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
267930
626014
531075
7941244
5791525
Case
123
123
157
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
402349
1234090
923249
8602271
8048927
Case
611
821
162
212
212
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.100
1.100
Qshaft
2533094
1895320
857930
2626650
1924383
1133018
2621627
1875893
1030677
2809819
1878618
883992
2964249
1874432
59639
3002326
1881297
510024
2188163
1946035
1319969
2179572
1959774
1513515
2922895
804517
775688
2234353
944011
760714
2177234
708923
555664
2337774
1737644
1258548
2822064
973282
436615
2005147
1829591
1652947
2001560
250202
1096548
2922834
232628
909332
57883
24421
62870
2499441
1881854
869361
2480891
1885400
993463
2870116
1875438
572320
4053140
124
1.350
4001737
123
1.350
3945909
156
1.350
1480340
511
1.350
1227599
512
1.350
1047178
156
1.350
4053140
124
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
707149 180
3810010
66
717691 180
4176212
54
710318 170
3872941
35
742746 179
5493533 88
781391 173
6630518 251
766744 185
5961197
694323 183
4932510 131
642557 177
5007512 115
682773 182
4878571 120
681735 181
5015548 171
661152 182
4923481 158
650406 180
1906150
699549 185
5733954 144
704396 182
8544617
676121 183
4350867 148
645042 189
4602209 110
612062 209
1462240
87
828107 181
4105064
74
747248 178
3863908
74
916114 176
6422848 101
1236754 176
821
1.350
1117944 181
811
1.350
1054878 173
123
1.350
9399079 55
212
1.100
8951199 251
123
1.350
8670844 101
821
1.350
80
66
55
Extreme top20 shaft loads 1.8m behind rotor centre (non-rotating)
ECN-CX--00-077
111

0.000 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
3318
143603
249296
2928447
214709
112 AVE
137573
4604
446883
123330
3563456
112 MAX
249698
156720
672982
2649353
6435885
113 MIN
19562
138173
259079
2998073
587035
113 AVE
128269
6622
479258
168245
3209008
113 MAX
264869
159601
710089
2446054
6106103
115 MIN
51587
142425
286748
2793042
1781791
115 AVE
111574
9210
520926
215865
2577006
115 MAX
244042
152364
740268
2553833
6849657
121 MIN
145618
154129
285772
3105448
4989899
121 AVE
88576
8221
513791
133568
1593747
121 MAX
249818
163733
751976
3124959
5835777
123 MIN
182786
181901
276175
3829252
5330871
123 AVE
84778
7077
513848
83199
1379779
123 MAX
281668
180681
768477
4220013
6008177
124 MIN
91231
175016
260744
3421443
3250453
124 AVE
86123
8051
511234
100087
1354371
124 MAX
280967
181493
757237
3709013
6244255
131 MIN
70893
145115
281122
2139184
2275554
131 AVE
123913
5029
456739
106566
3177944
131 MAX
288662
132042
725682
2661058
7404086
132 MIN
68236
111365
309301
2027128
1715087
132 AVE
123559
4970
472170
112246
3171785
132 MAX
230105
122110
720751
1714511
5867801
156 MIN
96183
195150
86692
2155117
4015791
156 AVE
15629
3232
126857
106005
130425
156 MAX
178468
132112
846229
4521893
2652645
157 MIN
99019
197836
93789
2010752
3748366
157 AVE
18006
3706
127490
96299
192991
157 MAX
177854
127454
834466
4500798
2524138
158 MIN
87470
186109
121182
2067948
3327851
158 AVE
16497
4303
120025
77965
169564
158 MAX
136953
123570
825995
4071198
2170367
161 MIN
25580
136985
270775
2126355
547708
161 AVE
134396
2844
421846
78849
3534493
161 MAX
270217
133835
681038
2264254
7039407
162 MIN
115659
244460
122560
2680469
4710804
162 AVE
27872
2707
153542
87206
419006
162 MAX
262363
159815
971113
5385876
5600764
212 MIN
26032
105120
387842
1681964
1232971
212 AVE
95915
545
544281
115919
1721144
212 MAX
325177
107726
681422
1814675
7727173
511 MIN
133963
234837
125377
2441836
4942817
511 AVE
15765
7002
93237
68054
374925
511 MAX
191576
145318
868233
5331106
4733783
512 MIN
102355
222797
103015
2208222
4636720
512 AVE
8245
6853
94178
10209
52855
512 MAX
130034
131937
719496
5571775
1960404
611 MIN
94016
59430
98097
772364
3275995
611 AVE
19927
34205
1693
194617
17485
611 MAX
219331
5099
125462
627068
4748975
811 MIN
555
156800
257586
3471091
234479
811 AVE
140747
4389
499974
115064
3618910
811 MAX
257149
173701
791856
2874642
6625260
812 MIN
4808
164862
297636
3789153
88494
812 AVE
142375
4383
531678
112896
3637680
812 MAX
259487
183160
794192
3161715
6601679
821 MIN
105848
212070
271417
3826106
4307452
821 AVE
87972
8814
579088
129913
1430069
821 MAX
287440
186629
922586
4502812
6109362
MINIMUM 1
246762
330021
169259
5169491
7196676
Case
123
162
511
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
196585
317031
165456
5165243
6736364
Case
121
511
162
821
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
180850
300776
163596
5115357
6672803
Case
511
512
158
812
511
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
389694
251949
1311003
7521896
9995516
Case
131
821
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
388045
247266
1245491
7270933
9503199
Case
821
812
821
162
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
380252
245015
1172115
7196993
9247037
Case
123
124
511
511
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
389694
330021
1311003
7521896
9995516
Case
131
162
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
24735
10723
51949
35109
8494
62498
58754
3573
63397
65438
1880
54966
89026
3077
67921
76740
1985
51046
86962
1361
36701
90337
3129
49902
61350
3198
31307
61409
1738
31768
61614
3731
26612
28064
10314
35308
60090
2243
56547
48459
5760
31230
57013
1485
58295
59947
4360
65705
99922
3046
102443
35154
10670
55704
38425
10540
59645
91821
2246
53031
134894
611
1.350
123958
821
1.350
121955
132
1.350
138298
611
1.350
91694
123
1.350
88702
512
1.350
138298
611
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
275244 115
6678468
15
274270 105
6193156
10
259654 110
6877537
256771 120
5923725
10
299485 110
6361764 143
289870 104
6264673
306354 110
7549609
11
243938 111
6053075 14
200330 193
5842178 130
203046 193
5857254 130
188470 189
5219427 130
287831 110
7191345
263023
6920368 130
96
12
340847 107
7863318
245295 197
6685066 127
237073 200
7248713 130
219331
90
4799045
285037 119
6986653
19
289417 116
6942077
18
300650 114
6200118
10
413578 110
131
1.350
405877 114
821
1.350
404305 110
123
1.350
11
10191972 11
131
1.350
9785763 130
512
1.350
9708316 12
161
1.350
Extreme top20 blade loads R=1.5m
112
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

2.000 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
4920
131413
258672
2635138
177256
112 AVE
135190
3903
438241
113501
3292330
112 MAX
244194
143607
645819
2388797
5966239
113 MIN
17670
126500
268540
2698992
558100
113 AVE
125857
5819
470015
154727
2956559
113 MAX
257044
146301
681196
2208892
5658180
115 MIN
51853
130887
296280
2511130
1683900
115 AVE
109123
8221
510914
197798
2358036
115 MAX
242190
139195
711589
2294051
6365128
121 MIN
147628
143747
294782
2797952
4696289
121 AVE
85900
6789
503935
118709
1421105
121 MAX
243873
151017
723627
2878430
5345506
123 MIN
179161
173380
285210
3492723
5030761
123 AVE
81961
5484
503988
71004
1214943
123 MAX
273695
169196
737969
3869488
5464929
124 MIN
89819
166455
270494
3121489
3077716
124 AVE
83275
6340
501425
86153
1186905
124 MAX
271326
166097
728138
3408816
5742860
131 MIN
70347
133042
290122
1895601
2159979
131 AVE
121465
4126
447916
96416
2934237
131 MAX
280964
118727
697345
2390649
6839297
132 MIN
67461
100476
317901
1803645
1579876
132 AVE
121142
4058
463046
102231
2928736
132 MAX
224907
110080
692287
1512362
5453259
156 MIN
90690
186180
70986
1913115
3883631
156 AVE
14918
1309
124435
109338
100294
156 MAX
168657
118283
816201
4144637
2312528
157 MIN
93714
188563
78355
1781165
3633239
157 AVE
17305
1773
125057
100595
158094
157 MAX
167397
113462
804501
4124966
2188009
158 MIN
78635
176353
103613
1843830
3226430
158 AVE
15801
2307
117740
83340
137685
158 MAX
126914
110592
796307
3715802
1951153
161 MIN
21256
124417
280152
1879139
520787
161 AVE
132086
2273
413673
72337
3269577
161 MAX
264143
120337
653468
2011245
6508331
162 MIN
109662
231919
104798
2384446
4496729
162 AVE
26865
888
150612
89807
364890
162 MAX
253251
144594
940025
4917389
5095457
212 MIN
21967
95477
395126
1485543
1221482
212 AVE
92797
880
533746
115500
1534432
212 MAX
316630
96280
653550
1621621
7091175
511 MIN
133221
224708
107280
2171816
4681124
511 AVE
15401
5824
91465
55819
344034
511 MAX
186279
131880
837166
4881546
4358943
512 MIN
94859
216430
88103
1969035
4456726
512 AVE
7875
4818
92392
20561
36973
512 MAX
121838
119219
690930
5134413
1745696
611 MIN
88174
48844
83923
750059
3110924
611 AVE
18761
25979
1709
139855
55495
611 MAX
213292
11006
109083
531822
4320693
811 MIN
2476
144796
266227
3153191
230939
811 AVE
138299
3708
491383
105604
3341539
811 MAX
252305
159906
764745
2593815
6136442
812 MIN
6375
152735
307766
3443375
57556
812 AVE
139887
3699
523029
103443
3357118
812 MAX
254143
170336
766094
2859038
6115869
821 MIN
103829
200414
280417
3475027
4124036
821 AVE
85086
7171
569197
114303
1258982
821 MAX
277155
173734
892238
4106081
5555255
MINIMUM 1
241867
313090
144828
4715176
6791527
Case
123
162
511
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
199298
303356
141477
4691287
6339991
Case
121
511
162
821
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
179848
292180
139877
4648557
6319517
Case
511
512
158
812
511
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
379302
234541
1269034
6931458
9233050
Case
131
821
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
374159
229953
1204521
6638476
8786246
Case
821
812
821
162
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
369489
228415
1130175
6590087
8592923
Case
123
123
511
511
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
379302
313090
1269034
6931458
9233050
Case
131
162
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
24854
10308
51306
35343
8002
61424
56734
2957
61889
63390
2765
53950
87111
4066
66585
75303
3000
49934
86999
842
36152
90297
2604
48829
62315
3429
29591
62321
1969
30073
62662
3949
24774
28479
9935
34754
61368
2554
54646
48209
6347
30904
57598
1416
57447
60728
4477
64776
101420
3537
102752
35283
10266
54907
38528
10137
58927
89381
3265
52241
136918
611
1.350
121902
132
1.350
120664
821
1.350
138715
611
1.350
89890
123
1.350
87448
512
1.350
138715
611
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
266111 113
6170937
15
264844 104
5723059
249791 109
6388478
247942 100
5425724
10
288182 109
5976300 144
278552 103
5763490
295576 108
6959680
11
235578 109
5605175 13
194550 197
5487092 131
197054 197
5496887 131
181278 195
4895461 131
278754 109
6635414
254000
6461045 132
95
11
329800 106
7204555
10
238963 200
6227737 128
235767 203
6798868 131
213384
88
4373630
274116 117
6446678
18
278914 115
6405956
17
285983 104
5630181
399027 108
131
1.350
389046 109
123
1.350
386078 104
821
1.350
9395567 11
131
1.350
9178471 131
512
1.350
8957808 11
161
1.350
ECN-CX--00-077
113

5.000 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
6576
115991
262126
2232015
121831
112 AVE
131250
3008
419761
101027
2892275
112 MAX
235732
125696
604261
2026654
5271754
113 MIN
15397
110488
271618
2287800
516398
113 AVE
121844
4787
450252
136981
2584599
113 MAX
245068
128178
637058
1879936
4995938
115 MIN
52412
115004
298905
2128077
1534706
115 AVE
104997
6941
489507
173709
2036397
115 MAX
239199
121131
667057
1934009
5642006
121 MIN
150354
129000
296450
2381818
4250150
121 AVE
81244
4982
482859
100613
1169588
121 MAX
234092
133622
679185
2516161
4626771
123 MIN
174392
161256
286933
3019075
4573845
123 AVE
77008
3491
482905
57341
975533
123 MAX
261520
153755
690604
3367536
4790917
124 MIN
88665
154064
274076
2704333
2822954
124 AVE
78222
4195
480451
70211
943634
124 MAX
256791
144988
684266
2975808
5003864
131 MIN
69324
116550
292602
1567625
1973766
131 AVE
117456
2949
429048
83992
2575493
131 MAX
269361
100610
653400
2018043
6013447
132 MIN
65976
85523
319311
1500695
1379871
132 AVE
117185
2877
443541
90036
2570890
132 MAX
216613
93661
648288
1238637
4836040
156 MIN
87727
173339
57409
1588844
3655497
156 AVE
13615
1181
119234
108945
57083
156 MAX
153568
99661
767961
3603926
1829752
157 MIN
87997
175253
61299
1474762
3428405
157 AVE
16019
738
119833
101611
107704
157 MAX
151411
94674
756478
3585765
1821572
158 MIN
70795
162500
83746
1541811
3044240
158 AVE
14524
283
112830
85803
91807
158 MAX
112458
93256
748816
3209009
1649768
161 MIN
16250
107200
283273
1546272
481829
161 AVE
128304
1545
396196
64470
2878639
161 MAX
254690
101914
611252
1666720
5728829
162 MIN
120597
214149
84711
1985738
4160217
162 AVE
25062
1448
144328
88575
286529
162 MAX
239870
123599
888399
4249005
4360702
212 MIN
18700
82242
393420
1222839
1200242
212 AVE
87343
2645
511232
110689
1263060
212 MAX
303185
80870
611354
1361694
6161536
511 MIN
141697
210099
86815
1804669
4269830
511 AVE
14803
4249
87648
40785
298700
511 MAX
178260
113451
787243
4233887
3811585
512 MIN
111058
206953
71239
1644906
4151429
512 AVE
7172
2150
88548
30401
14176
512 MAX
109586
101960
646849
4496380
1455598
611 MIN
94684
34493
67898
700614
2840758
611 AVE
16216
14873
1743
80601
109224
611 MAX
202569
19047
90767
422060
3695003
811 MIN
4627
128207
268668
2711515
201712
811 AVE
134249
2837
472910
93637
2932296
811 MAX
244515
140996
722902
2205266
5415555
812 MIN
7990
136069
312048
2960597
11256
812 AVE
135763
2823
504375
91501
2943200
812 MAX
245723
152728
723063
2437050
5398749
821 MIN
108629
183656
283025
2984176
3820045
821 AVE
79994
5102
547929
95666
1010382
821 MAX
261725
156064
845231
3541361
4752697
MINIMUM 1
235429
289101
117200
4075752
6174690
Case
123
162
511
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
202977
283634
114359
4028638
5764270
Case
121
511
162
821
511
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
191290
279386
113057
3996805
5737703
Case
511
512
158
812
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
363637
210687
1199339
6070113
8118154
Case
131
821
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
353329
207569
1141062
5736157
7733919
Case
821
123
821
162
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
353051
206183
1062777
5715748
7616708
Case
123
812
511
511
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
363637
289101
1199339
6070113
8118154
Case
131
162
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
24952
9678
50286
35806
7246
60555
54439
1999
59728
61250
4143
52331
85536
5608
64723
74461
4597
48138
86962
221
35341
89603
1979
46835
63886
3791
26740
63806
2326
27269
64368
4278
21745
29084
9367
34055
63492
3027
51719
48755
7669
29887
58425
1321
56037
61908
4641
63199
99391
2741
102114
35483
9656
53732
38491
9532
57902
86534
4854
50776
134178
611
1.350
120964
132
1.350
117399
131
1.350
137854
611
1.350
87376
123
1.350
85318
512
1.350
137854
611
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
252861 111
5428403
14
250906 102
5045036
240681
5660074
84
237691 100
4761204 150
270638 108
5408770 147
261955 101
5023295
280173 106
6103878
10
223666 106
4947496 12
187826 203
4964027 135
190076 203
4961015 134
173267 201
4414864 134
265607 106
5824775
240193
5785697 134
93
10
313229 105
6246034
231237 206
5550001 130
234639 208
6119788 133
203115
3750380 10
86
259057 109
5659381
17
264032 112
5624109
16
268286 103
4823470
10
378233 106
131
1.350
365361 108
123
1.350
362186 103
821
1.350
8261714 133
512
1.350
8240235 10
131
1.350
7863447 10
161
1.350
114
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

8.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
6538
101388
252799
1823138
54378
112 AVE
125350
2505
391585
89662
2441665
112 MAX
225457
109191
555312
1653163
4482645
113 MIN
14739
95207
261309
1870148
466937
113 AVE
115783
4170
420097
119905
2167144
113 MAX
229785
111633
585166
1541153
4246152
115 MIN
53220
99661
287367
1756706
1355127
115 AVE
98669
6141
456811
150000
1678264
115 MAX
232671
105114
613789
1571694
4813032
121 MIN
152614
116179
284775
1993755
3734056
121 AVE
73847
3999
450640
85316
895961
121 MAX
219855
117532
625479
2109370
3830811
123 MIN
170237
148276
275269
2516574
4025655
123 AVE
69063
2469
450673
47706
717448
123 MAX
242282
139857
634325
2825288
4023837
124 MIN
89427
139951
264332
2270872
2523615
124 AVE
70005
3080
448377
58405
681613
124 MAX
238532
126847
630704
2503669
4170065
131 MIN
70071
101106
281685
1246848
1737540
131 AVE
111642
2214
400271
73633
2173232
131 MAX
255024
84180
600941
1639019
5093577
132 MIN
63216
71314
306573
1200646
1161278
132 AVE
111435
2184
413783
79921
2169474
132 MAX
205101
78996
595907
969504
4131269
156 MIN
103713
159427
47339
1273195
3329914
156 AVE
11404
2848
111262
100489
12418
156 MAX
134255
83615
708121
3019395
1432618
157 MIN
93509
160731
49073
1179143
3131711
157 AVE
13815
2449
111827
94696
54593
157 MAX
131281
78607
697247
3004603
1430504
158 MIN
83233
147830
68992
1244596
2778378
158 AVE
12348
2036
105305
80332
43918
158 MAX
99096
79158
690289
2682171
1341090
161 MIN
13967
90964
273110
1221115
437298
161 AVE
122749
1144
369559
57951
2437897
161 MAX
242179
85046
561498
1324779
4856443
162 MIN
131627
195446
69789
1596962
3729185
162 AVE
22107
2911
134710
79681
202933
162 MAX
221570
104273
821810
3531372
3554629
212 MIN
20068
69465
375783
968945
1160312
212 AVE
78674
3446
476883
99508
969778
212 MAX
285072
67483
561647
1117753
5130389
511 MIN
148253
194056
71617
1442337
3761075
511 AVE
13929
2956
81803
28529
248233
511 MAX
168114
96288
725492
3528456
3203650
512 MIN
125806
195474
58713
1323189
3736410
512 AVE
5921
250
82650
33192
9258
512 MAX
94907
86525
594650
3787692
1168923
611 MIN
101749
23105
56009
616174
2493055
611 AVE
10902
6493
1802
48796
159407
611 MAX
184991
25016
77516
335964
3011449
811 MIN
5132
112060
258193
2254514
128870
811 AVE
128170
2341
444468
82806
2471429
811 MAX
233273
123794
672752
1821955
4600796
812 MIN
8043
120107
303163
2471151
38181
812 AVE
129545
2323
475516
80720
2477214
812 MAX
234118
136255
671939
1998957
4587302
821 MIN
122615
165263
272327
2471320
3414314
821 AVE
71771
4010
515091
80514
742227
821 MAX
243104
139653
788637
2938435
3960888
MINIMUM 1
229820
263891
96682
3397375
5434635
Case
123
512
511
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
206030
263852
94215
3336282
5077451
Case
121
162
162
821
511
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
200142
261975
93139
3336054
5044153
Case
511
511
158
812
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
344282
188807
1109444
5113384
6876329
Case
131
123
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
328190
188531
1064660
4767353
6556198
Case
821
821
821
162
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
327080
183945
979414
4763415
6497593
Case
123
812
511
511
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
344282
263891
1109444
5113384
6876329
Case
131
512
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
25028
8695
48135
36721
6068
58289
56088
536
56447
64323
6115
49224
85027
7779
61523
75496
6887
44892
85521
513
33582
86484
1202
43570
67528
4552
22538
67282
3123
23013
68125
4945
17420
29957
8521
32563
68320
3826
47382
51372
9917
28071
58758
1108
53310
63983
5036
59775
94290
686
100527
34989
8721
51426
37181
8608
55674
83764
7115
47869
127292
611
1.350
116753
132
1.350
115453
131
1.350
135712
611
1.350
83057
123
1.350
80696
512
1.350
135712
611
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
238527 110
4596191
13
234065 101
4281191
233599
4826992
85
223029 100
4157926 151
247656 107
4739237 148
242016 100
4187591
262772 104
5158000
209501 103
4208891 11
182286 209
4357600 137
184397 210
4338103 136
166576 207
3857716 136
250134 104
4925033
225580 210
5016352 136
292494 103
5189080
223244 210
4774047 132
232459 213
5320467 135
186263
3064987 11
83
10
245056 112
4782872
16
247540 110
4753409
15
247770 101
4019734
10
354742 104
131
1.350
337681 104
161
1.350
334490 101
821
1.350
7182630 135
512
1.350
6963300
9
131
1.350
6772076 136
162
1.350
Extreme top20 blade loads R=10m
ECN-CX--00-077
115

13.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
5237
86745
228772
1292738
8872
112 AVE
113564
1010
343720
46645
1839745
112 MAX
204464
89459
479975
1224366
3395820
113 MIN
15595
80628
235666
1322824
402097
113 AVE
103766
2711
368794
72535
1614126
113 MAX
202534
91646
505509
1152393
3224987
115 MIN
54351
83795
259248
1278782
1094508
115 AVE
86245
4818
401080
99707
1212360
115 MAX
216712
85974
531203
1141883
3684492
121 MIN
153369
99758
256874
1493354
3002690
121 AVE
59653
3420
395637
55921
557696
121 MAX
192816
98261
541722
1524213
2904994
123 MIN
167602
129533
247520
1860450
3248502
123 AVE
53955
2179
395648
28098
404820
123 MAX
209187
122781
551299
2105754
3012836
124 MIN
96933
118190
239184
1705746
2147596
124 AVE
54191
2797
393595
36424
365751
124 MAX
211686
106355
546556
1870984
3049687
131 MIN
72126
82123
254957
841639
1403291
131 AVE
100759
831
351355
35792
1638568
131 MAX
229626
65174
519795
1157070
3860401
132 MIN
56445
55976
276749
813618
866916
132 AVE
100605
967
363174
41973
1635752
132 MAX
183566
61787
514929
668054
3180545
156 MIN
121090
138273
36155
884878
2812768
156 AVE
7151
3375
97644
83754
36869
156 MAX
101622
67152
613769
2223732
975421
157 MIN
111592
138416
36046
817157
2659012
157 AVE
9438
3108
98149
80259
6602
157 MAX
97903
62397
604108
2226213
960940
158 MIN
99578
126800
52598
874665
2369631
158 AVE
8149
2637
92450
67919
9936
158 MAX
79280
64586
598255
1978245
959811
161 MIN
14673
72354
247347
805387
372218
161 AVE
111777
306
324338
21534
1846938
161 MAX
218730
65134
484967
916073
3682805
162 MIN
143086
167827
53213
1107328
3090436
162 AVE
16483
3217
118293
65758
103344
162 MAX
189144
82694
715099
2564639
2533119
212 MIN
29636
54199
337754
668599
1057538
212 AVE
62444
3622
418461
93601
609759
212 MAX
251572
54044
485108
806483
3767724
511 MIN
152027
168793
54748
981845
3047997
511 AVE
12297
1755
71847
13518
182274
511 MAX
149463
75575
628384
2568823
2397308
512 MIN
140967
174300
44790
939313
3117323
512 AVE
3436
571
72567
31160
34091
512 MAX
71207
70211
513904
2802132
836237
611 MIN
104312
15971
42835
448528
1972948
611 AVE
529
2896
1925
26045
190923
611 MAX
152969
24485
63107
230336
2164855
811 MIN
4791
94413
232898
1665787
48851
811 AVE
115974
793
395364
40354
1856082
811 MAX
210100
106076
593775
1384060
3481688
812 MIN
7892
102863
278893
1832548
75476
812 AVE
117033
752
425291
38375
1855572
812 MAX
213395
116648
593273
1483733
3473393
821 MIN
136980
140872
245810
1841622
2789296
821 AVE
56042
3621
458102
53146
417738
821 MAX
210253
120783
698890
2166783
2942494
MINIMUM 1
226263
235305
73910
2511608
4385478
Case
123
512
511
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
207048
227870
71837
2486189
4208386
Case
121
511
162
821
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
205236
226566
71008
2473940
4172089
Case
511
162
158
812
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
309996
165754
965383
3782878
5211541
Case
131
123
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
295286
163057
943502
3467911
4974064
Case
161
821
821
511
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
292561
157475
848318
3462263
4971787
Case
115
812
511
162
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
309996
235305
965383
3782878
5211541
Case
131
512
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
25376
6723
42585
37539
3726
50344
54352
2262
49973
67634
9361
40148
81913
11193
52170
73981
10682
36656
79861
1352
28837
77655
39
36762
72599
5967
15363
71932
4750
15645
73053
6179
10542
30249
6911
28087
75533
5235
39428
54810
12995
25990
57390
496
42136
65092
5787
46429
86794
2697
97586
30125
6910
44762
30659
6846
48411
76286
10777
40439
117173
611
1.350
110583
123
1.350
107812
131
1.350
131741
611
1.350
70430
123
1.350
67964
113
1.350
131741
611
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
215161 109
3474146
12
205900 100
3251438
217094
3692212
87
196030 100
3292207 156
210883
83
3756850 150
211815
92
3068821
235209 103
3906913
188720
3216915
77
175107 218
3495230 142
177555 219
3455053 140
158373 218
3072396 140
224620 103
3731815
211157 217
3950364 140
257058 102
3808687
208594 216
3723802 145
224170 219
4190177 138
154514
2205075 11
82
222565 110
3609135
15
221199 109
3588214
15
213532 100
3173350 150
317533 103
131
1.350
303237 103
161
1.350
302629 219
512
1.350
5656740 138
512
1.350
5332992 140
162
1.350
5274333
9
131
1.350
116
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

18.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
5690
76023
194397
833867
29657
112 AVE
97790
2669
286382
18810
1312743
112 MAX
177242
69338
395599
905139
2414503
113 MIN
15999
70618
199575
852451
357707
113 AVE
88110
745
307280
6884
1137324
113 MAX
167412
70507
416325
862086
2332788
115 MIN
53456
70420
219829
866742
843457
115 AVE
70769
1844
334172
38092
824638
115 MAX
191320
69310
437854
796084
2675948
121 MIN
151361
80705
217419
1062950
2281639
121 AVE
43333
1852
329548
23663
304910
121 MAX
160660
80611
446627
1001284
2091428
123 MIN
165317
108826
209027
1292402
2472689
123 AVE
37096
1045
329535
7020
181355
123 MAX
171551
104257
458161
1465301
2142684
124 MIN
104037
95895
203101
1205645
1723101
124 AVE
36348
1696
327760
13825
144079
124 MAX
175309
89076
450867
1292810
2110963
131 MIN
69143
63442
217177
503974
1087810
131 AVE
87045
2436
292741
22349
1170190
131 MAX
197501
46493
428426
750668
2771428
132 MIN
45918
45847
235298
483320
613922
132 AVE
86877
2175
302528
17197
1168444
132 MAX
162949
44680
423702
461370
2331651
156 MIN
127857
113220
26867
573777
2267197
156 AVE
2756
3465
81299
64203
63584
156 MAX
70960
51558
506120
1491970
625326
157 MIN
121223
112705
25830
528388
2147318
157 AVE
4593
3359
81729
62671
43664
157 MAX
71151
47391
497960
1507220
603446
158 MIN
107723
102240
38998
573785
1964307
158 AVE
3840
2798
77016
52973
41241
158 MAX
59219
50575
493314
1332061
649766
161 MIN
15766
55887
210613
484253
301308
161 AVE
96959
3896
270201
37971
1325242
161 MAX
187901
45156
398981
597590
2643776
162 MIN
145461
135569
39480
697975
2458676
162 AVE
10522
3311
98570
52364
34834
162 MAX
151507
61739
591653
1692248
1715223
212 MIN
37923
48532
286539
438856
903168
212 AVE
44985
4948
348472
93281
341022
212 MAX
208847
42289
399207
534761
2605120
511 MIN
149555
137479
40788
607401
2375516
511 AVE
10281
672
59893
975
126396
511 MAX
126042
54664
517805
1699280
1699298
512 MIN
148302
144939
33309
642490
2487682
512 AVE
869
912
60450
25434
45129
512 MAX
51888
55369
423142
1901124
571990
611 MIN
100186
10914
31937
261146
1451926
611 AVE
6322
987
2057
9028
171477
611 MAX
123812
18916
51012
127824
1497472
811 MIN
7922
80811
197553
1157648
3357
811 AVE
99584
2978
335036
24233
1318306
811 MAX
180333
88200
501946
1044821
2491412
812 MIN
4212
89483
242520
1272252
70017
812 AVE
100221
3055
362848
25787
1313527
812 MAX
184251
96353
501465
1097333
2467450
821 MIN
140988
118434
208107
1326343
2141113
821 AVE
38414
2311
387909
24867
186848
821 MAX
167643
101196
593232
1505238
2069584
MINIMUM 1
223178
195668
55064
1790563
3358370
Case
123
512
511
821
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
204338
185597
53298
1744743
3338130
Case
121
511
162
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
201900
183018
52647
1717540
3319213
Case
511
162
158
812
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
266627
140746
800864
2566518
3741428
Case
131
123
821
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
258282
136614
798731
2294028
3612530
Case
115
821
162
511
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
253666
130077
699037
2284534
3569098
Case
161
812
511
162
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
266627
195668
800864
2566518
3741428
Case
131
512
821
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
23480
3560
31625
34573
344
37351
48279
5813
38326
63874
13631
26696
75514
15665
36264
67230
15821
21704
68773
2360
21234
63888
1451
27137
70725
7342
5579
69690
6437
5866
71766
7331
5758
27425
4186
21603
76099
6899
28987
53337
16387
19995
53003
251
29119
60504
6653
25953
80690
4659
93805
25435
3914
34393
25676
3902
36532
68297
15598
29871
108932
611
1.350
102734
162
1.350
101944
123
1.350
126637
611
1.350
51741
115
1.350
50424
113
1.350
126637
611
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
185673 107
2481367
13
171061 102
2336414
11
191337
2677622
89
166048 244
2459002 158
187843 242
2780837 153
175831
94
2129832
10
202830 103
2817896
10
164869
2338776
81
163947 227
2659527 147
165522 227
2609819 145
146947 227
2321337 145
193567 104
2691218
192528 227
2954527 146
213987 103
2645527
187692 223
2766083 149
207367 226
3118983 142
124914
82
1517811
192723 111
2577022
15
191683 110
2561356
16
171406 102
2359495 155
279945 226
512
1.350
273821 103
131
1.350
261316 104
161
1.350
4210627 142
512
1.350
3988611 146
162
1.350
3804160 10
131
1.350
11
10
ECN-CX--00-077
117

23.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
825
61657
153559
514352
37882
112 AVE
80231
3664
222920
31145
862567
112 MAX
146926
52181
305325
601357
1585954
113 MIN
16593
57662
157060
520090
311758
113 AVE
71070
1811
239199
11056
735321
113 MAX
138224
52839
322040
570961
1594072
115 MIN
47249
54710
173331
549585
655710
115 AVE
54632
735
260133
14179
508656
115 MAX
160504
54881
337751
536246
1793895
121 MIN
136266
63393
171306
710313
1574009
121 AVE
27621
1336
256445
9799
126051
121 MAX
128446
67354
344467
639766
1386657
123 MIN
146196
88181
164081
813500
1711421
123 AVE
21277
775
256418
642
33920
123 MAX
138934
83959
357028
946822
1412001
124 MIN
98445
77750
160212
783601
1276702
124 AVE
19746
1371
254973
3831
2661
124 MAX
136333
74392
348180
837677
1389299
131 MIN
60940
47190
172232
280398
778230
131 AVE
71758
3454
227882
32819
768425
131 MAX
164431
32155
330438
465661
1847290
132 MIN
35866
35427
186307
273195
416475
132 AVE
71624
3170
235441
29056
767609
132 MAX
138463
31466
326173
297779
1578411
156 MIN
123137
89164
18749
343079
1668821
156 AVE
660
3240
63256
45530
70031
156 MAX
51184
38503
390189
931661
331901
157 MIN
117858
88372
17338
315958
1572657
157 AVE
583
3177
63595
44807
57881
157 MAX
50632
35091
383994
961450
323239
158 MIN
104370
78809
27174
344394
1478670
158 AVE
480
2645
59954
38015
53043
158 MAX
43279
38426
380461
838061
398801
161 MIN
15324
40652
166937
272446
225426
161 AVE
80225
4786
210291
44715
876716
161 MAX
155310
31453
307101
355386
1767985
162 MIN
136223
104410
27545
409816
1784615
162 AVE
5571
2942
76747
36941
6589
162 MAX
114992
44801
457576
1031043
1062309
212 MIN
42460
38184
226535
257235
729589
212 AVE
29155
5106
271124
74675
152212
212 MAX
164237
31368
307423
331917
1662108
511 MIN
135638
105912
28608
348694
1687945
511 AVE
8201
64
46646
3505
79768
511 MAX
103162
38407
399360
1036170
1118823
512 MIN
140713
114436
23332
421439
1793845
512 AVE
773
1029
47059
19330
45427
512 MAX
40089
41852
326031
1197026
352352
611 MIN
88596
6981
22428
144156
967566
611 AVE
9056
0
2105
3458
131037
611 MAX
97032
15003
39789
78468
945947
811 MIN
5987
66547
155738
744705
45760
811 AVE
81322
3979
266665
35015
860633
811 MAX
148973
71031
399903
705928
1663568
812 MIN
1202
72899
197614
825767
68982
812 AVE
81540
4058
291316
36011
853631
812 MAX
149850
76708
399584
743725
1642976
821 MIN
126973
95149
163882
886863
1511087
821 AVE
21869
1848
308487
11184
35010
821 MAX
131300
80544
475167
975424
1333087
MINIMUM 1
197364
154489
38621
1197265
2421691
Case
123
512
511
821
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
189963
142981
37186
1114786
2409231
Case
512
511
162
812
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
183959
140953
36685
1098225
2310419
Case
121
162
158
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
221982
113344
641476
1615985
2493842
Case
131
123
821
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
216680
108734
617728
1398830
2421759
Case
115
821
162
511
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
209669
103556
539869
1391908
2386780
Case
161
812
811
162
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
221982
154489
641476
1615985
2493842
Case
131
512
821
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
20303
1662
22025
29881
1469
26671
39801
7280
28915
55976
15123
17126
63536
17196
25324
57635
17693
15109
57120
2476
15103
51000
1958
20430
64362
7233
4046
63135
6690
4120
65105
7042
3861
24179
2491
16744
70213
6952
18959
48281
16971
16093
47415
518
20281
53321
5957
15706
67074
6224
78827
21376
2086
24699
20992
2117
25306
59306
17355
18900
94787
162
1.350
90551
611
1.350
87892
158
1.350
106416
611
1.350
39036
115
1.350
36006
113
1.350
106416
611
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
153485 107
1630721
13
140709 101
1597907
160511
1793898
91
146607 247
1679886 159
163363 243
1887611 155
137161
96
1402433
168780 103
1881639
11
138990
1578925
85
147447 234
1881602 152
147310 233
1831716 149
130420 233
1628765 149
159810 104
1802312
168510 233
2050630 150
168210 102
1691756
159835 228
1900111 153
181372 231
2155800 146
97899
82
11
11
974281 187
158608 110
1723659
15
158612 109
1679241
15
139133 245
1620892 159
244853 231
512
1.350
227852 103
131
1.350
227488 233
162
1.350
2910330 146
512
1.350
2768351 150
162
1.350
2565150 153
511
1.350
118
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

28.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
2582
44934
107350
298770
44529
112 AVE
61193
3220
154149
23147
511250
112 MAX
111805
36502
209889
355009
970063
113 MIN
20262
42845
109245
299437
221285
113 AVE
53025
1673
165428
10152
427780
113 MAX
110431
36856
221834
333876
987660
115 MIN
39753
39812
121074
317546
468331
115 AVE
38397
416
179924
5991
279546
115 MAX
127279
39974
231875
323462
1101341
121 MIN
111306
46661
119509
425232
1023386
121 AVE
13816
876
177306
3049
27286
121 MAX
99731
50677
236871
381748
820488
123 MIN
118100
66908
113855
455403
1114638
123 AVE
7926
384
177284
3785
33977
123 MAX
103008
60943
248000
555608
827826
124 MIN
84677
58205
111480
455308
884679
124 AVE
6084
809
176230
1511
56317
124 MAX
97775
56732
240573
495368
825776
131 MIN
51133
35311
120994
149426
506872
131 AVE
54811
3172
157614
24334
453587
131 MAX
128721
20750
226783
278551
1114695
132 MIN
27605
24296
130667
141587
270378
132 AVE
54728
2919
162790
21922
453330
132 MAX
109715
20403
223373
165825
963711
156 MIN
109989
66170
11662
184616
1094778
156 AVE
3218
2904
43765
29263
59761
156 MAX
30543
26283
267412
530835
168641
157 MIN
104963
66534
10514
169632
1021937
157 AVE
2359
2864
44006
28937
52585
157 MAX
29403
24122
263350
564847
184939
158 MIN
95460
58771
16916
184310
984185
158 AVE
2134
2413
41505
24663
48353
158 MAX
30073
26440
261047
483765
218821
161 MIN
14229
27870
117210
140883
151941
161 AVE
61802
4169
145380
31689
523430
161 MAX
123102
20342
210286
215064
1073647
162 MIN
119451
74848
17174
222105
1154540
162 AVE
1443
2471
53119
23316
23253
162 MAX
81134
30412
314747
574073
583644
212 MIN
44026
26718
158884
132206
515762
212 AVE
15689
4832
187449
50998
43552
212 MAX
120230
20675
210654
191978
964457
511 MIN
114886
75401
17980
189573
1072403
511 AVE
5923
248
32278
3682
44654
511 MAX
78617
25587
274143
584274
669248
512 MIN
122509
84989
14643
253525
1154595
512 AVE
2058
1117
32579
13352
38402
512 MAX
27717
29357
223737
686015
209199
611 MIN
68737
5451
14120
85503
572822
611 AVE
8889
16
1947
2109
84557
611 MAX
69568
11538
28541
50147
536969
811 MIN
217
50795
108592
434070
55785
811 AVE
61572
3484
191016
25510
505719
811 MAX
115272
53058
288623
431003
1008419
812 MIN
2473
54345
144901
490709
61887
812 AVE
61412
3548
211448
26050
498649
812 MAX
114915
57295
288446
446849
998438
821 MIN
106221
69575
114228
536053
940890
821 AVE
8038
1218
220795
3281
34161
821 MAX
101015
62126
345164
622773
747976
MINIMUM 1
165387
114736
24274
723672
1558703
Case
512
512
511
821
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
161258
101791
23185
662457
1558629
Case
162
511
162
812
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
159435
101044
22836
614794
1504761
Case
123
162
158
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
173773
83871
465971
926120
1504838
Case
131
821
821
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
171827
82273
424909
840743
1486810
Case
115
123
162
821
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
166187
77349
389641
788770
1449423
Case
161
812
811
511
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
173773
114736
465971
926120
1558703
Case
131
512
821
512
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
16325
892
14924
24052
1766
18646
31011
6606
20867
45141
13500
9040
50491
15360
16094
45844
15887
7916
43115
1785
10690
37017
1524
15343
52754
6241
2940
51570
5895
3083
52529
5957
3018
19046
1698
12929
56886
5997
10333
38880
14705
12197
41569
552
12690
44205
4750
10767
46114
6024
54924
17130
1288
16715
16597
1335
16326
49502
15580
10631
76796
162
1.350
71218
156
1.350
70914
158
1.350
74147
611
1.350
28171
115
1.350
25172
113
1.350
76796
162
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
115948 105
997205
13
110729
94
994481
127282
90
1125860
14
118146 250
1050180 163
130608 245
1165443 159
98950
99
131782 102
109767
88
919641 164
1135204
11
963867
125899 240
1202081 155
123495 238
1161072 151
109688 238
1061088 158
126202 103
1094522
139823 238
1289143 154
122863 102
981806
11
11
130664 242
1180802 155
148389 236
1343021 149
70188
82
577250 187
120900 108
1043582
15
120412 107
1000058
113968 249
997185 161
200325 236
512
1.350
188760 238
162
1.350
177906 102
131
1.350
1813078 149
512
1.350
1740344 154
162
1.350
1622810 155
156
1.350
ECN-CX--00-077
119

33.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
2913
29916
65939
142395
43177
112 AVE
42086
2331
93824
12464
250196
112 MAX
79156
24576
126683
171651
492179
113 MIN
18449
28178
67236
149494
131098
113 AVE
35479
1190
100586
5724
204561
113 MAX
81878
24236
134226
161030
496876
115 MIN
36721
27390
75199
151084
277821
115 AVE
23721
288
109256
2371
123845
115 MAX
89611
26190
139736
157874
581039
121 MIN
82336
30471
72738
206881
551595
121 AVE
3689
391
107552
308
14404
121 MAX
69110
35520
144084
202684
392081
123 MIN
88025
45635
69025
214606
622454
123 AVE
1181
67
107576
4320
48174
123 MAX
70460
38562
151367
267332
413722
124 MIN
70525
40118
67484
213675
512834
124 AVE
2920
165
106869
3557
61212
124 MAX
67578
38182
147332
244617
415905
131 MIN
40014
23700
74611
65865
278920
131 AVE
37526
2372
95939
13195
220005
131 MAX
91314
12257
136804
135799
555912
132 MIN
20958
14566
80727
59558
153831
132 AVE
37491
2175
99003
11936
220076
132 MAX
78794
11702
134237
73653
486367
156 MIN
88417
43790
6319
79358
589451
156 AVE
4454
2314
26651
15384
39527
156 MAX
14311
15684
160998
244436
79755
157 MIN
83058
46001
5806
72594
548332
157 AVE
3869
2293
26799
15258
35990
157 MAX
15418
14452
158606
272534
85838
158 MIN
78662
39667
9220
89371
541598
158 AVE
3553
1949
25282
13042
33177
158 MAX
18568
15751
157437
227515
100462
161 MIN
11821
18735
72110
59049
85653
161 AVE
42989
3045
88515
16843
258252
161 MAX
87950
11640
126429
104333
536159
162 MIN
93807
47473
9378
98112
611818
162 AVE
1391
1864
32333
12010
22518
162 MAX
49715
18480
189982
265650
255797
212 MIN
40154
16266
98778
52627
300186
212 AVE
5134
4014
114146
28512
7636
212 MAX
79801
11578
126924
93411
460597
511 MIN
87557
48018
9951
88606
561289
511 AVE
3745
334
19666
2370
20358
511 MAX
54703
15291
165559
272149
334476
512 MIN
94553
56581
8092
126465
604776
512 AVE
2818
1022
19841
7473
25613
512 MAX
17986
20774
135247
318416
98529
611 MIN
47023
4120
7829
41289
279239
611 AVE
7170
85
1641
1243
43098
611 MAX
44417
7473
18780
26184
250843
811 MIN
4019
35542
66655
211957
59856
811 AVE
41812
2521
122433
13615
244411
811 MAX
82286
35512
187392
218388
505617
812 MIN
5009
37189
95205
243798
46198
812 AVE
41346
2560
138017
13835
238961
812 MAX
81868
39412
187085
223010
500479
821 MIN
78950
47624
69624
270229
531441
821 AVE
1239
508
141044
827
48228
821 MAX
64826
43471
225409
352989
342826
MINIMUM 1
127646
76384
13433
364810
840313
Case
512
512
511
821
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
126639
64825
12660
329128
825954
Case
162
511
162
812
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
119363
64293
12446
289719
816448
Case
156
821
158
123
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
123274
58686
304302
476535
784402
Case
131
821
821
821
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
120974
53206
256476
429862
750481
Case
115
812
162
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
118732
52059
252979
367921
723814
Case
161
123
811
157
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
127646
76384
304302
476535
840313
Case
512
512
821
821
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
12062
306
9352
17438
1763
11103
23304
5423
12733
33506
10814
3555
35846
12294
7650
35527
12774
2863
29656
1376
9961
24652
1325
10645
39769
4837
1688
38744
4624
1925
38976
4552
1950
13589
984
9157
42201
4699
3335
28661
11800
7309
32533
516
8573
34163
3508
8783
27592
4612
33411
11893
631
10460
11697
678
10002
38210
12521
2574
56972
162
1.350
53688
156
1.350
52617
158
1.350
45105
611
1.350
17189
115
1.350
14989
113
1.350
56972
162
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
81751 104
503021
12
82561
97
501658
90730 101
599285
14
84619 250
562851 163
95229 246
622659 179
72416 254
525870 167
93229 102
565582
11
78814
486977
91
97478 245
632453 158
94121 241
612325 154
85030 247
573753 160
89854 102
545867
105108 243
11
667002 157
81442 102
467891
10
96424 245
605353 158
110189 239
683479 152
47443 82
281461 187
85423 106
521851
14
82265 106
501097
83503 251
553584 164
148755 239
512
1.350
141896 243
162
1.350
131595 245
156
1.350
922696 152
512
1.350
900452 157
162
1.350
853812 158
156
1.350
120
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

38.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
112 MIN
3970
16666
31716
49407
29423
112 AVE
24115
1453
44728
5074
88315
112 MAX
47249
13305
59954
62253
180371
113 MIN
12411
15669
32539
54066
61434
113 AVE
19744
756
47894
2517
70236
113 MAX
47783
13969
63714
57804
178300
115 MIN
26775
15378
35757
52897
118554
115 AVE
12004
107
51947
481
38398
115 MAX
55780
14230
66140
59145
223359
121 MIN
53316
18990
34107
73489
212090
121 AVE
1298
6
51110
862
16109
121 MAX
37695
19793
68808
75812
134475
123 MIN
59875
25122
32596
77315
249876
123 AVE
4550
357
51163
2519
29470
123 MAX
39933
20454
72282
94807
160528
124 MIN
49585
22930
31761
75715
207998
124 AVE
5804
270
50796
2366
34839
124 MAX
39956
20294
70756
89437
152208
131 MIN
26733
13411
35873
21438
113805
131 AVE
21235
1491
45741
5338
76434
131 MAX
53439
6062
64739
49951
200304
132 MIN
14541
7357
38948
18872
65860
132 AVE
21246
1370
47157
4872
76538
132 MAX
46805
5491
63272
24991
177470
156 MIN
56924
22840
2684
25286
227748
156 AVE
3805
1436
12755
5733
17891
156 MAX
7636
7535
76315
80544
27524
157 MIN
52986
25540
2546
23783
214932
157 AVE
3467
1428
12826
5699
16594
157 MAX
8164
6905
74994
94394
30626
158 MIN
52282
21264
3986
34044
215218
158 AVE
3190
1216
12099
4890
15336
158 MAX
9587
8592
74686
76877
34959
161 MIN
8125
10524
34626
18458
36354
161 AVE
24882
1883
42212
6683
91924
161 MAX
51543
5430
59622
37905
193553
162 MIN
59065
24795
4095
32136
234981
162 AVE
2159
1125
15444
4464
12216
162 MAX
24662
9182
90097
88975
82668
212 MIN
28867
8593
47892
15473
125485
212 AVE
658
2723
54524
11448
14466
212 MAX
44300
5074
60224
33626
159393
511 MIN
54225
25464
4381
32189
212272
511 AVE
1966
253
9391
979
6603
511 MAX
32334
8176
78520
92164
120634
512 MIN
58476
29816
3557
46434
228970
512 AVE
2452
690
9492
2941
11817
512 MAX
9409
12044
64237
107028
39415
611 MIN
26665
2519
3451
15667
100104
611 AVE
4245
76
1060
469
14267
611 MAX
23866
4166
9985
9905
87998
811 MIN
5431
20959
31865
78668
36274
811 AVE
23582
1558
63482
5451
84998
811 MAX
48416
19898
99590
87539
187447
812 MIN
3955
21347
50816
91691
29423
812 AVE
23073
1574
73520
5497
82243
812 MAX
47906
22831
99335
85580
184766
821 MIN
51253
33205
33172
108584
215778
821 AVE
4566
26
72945
1230
29266
821 MAX
32585
25621
120356
146407
123199
MINIMUM 1
80831
44826
5915
146589
337333
Case
123
821
511
821
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
79738
40251
5528
123783
317225
Case
162
512
162
812
162
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
78942
34479
5381
106202
309109
Case
512
157
158
811
512
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
75302
34588
162480
197649
301535
Case
115
821
821
821
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
72142
30822
134446
144488
270410
Case
131
812
811
512
131
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
69583
27613
134102
127989
261297
Case
161
123
812
123
161
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
80831
44826
162480
197649
337333
Case
123
821
821
821
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
7315
31
5523
10729
1294
5846
13906
3496
7886
19613
6792
1529
20008
7695
3622
21659
8028
624
16592
960
6325
13522
973
6085
23518
2853
903
22881
2744
1002
23186
2663
1025
7779
400
5528
25012
2815
971
16832
7452
3734
19108
332
4978
19969
2036
5427
13140
2553
16143
7051
170
5978
7127
200
6167
22127
7865
561
33767
162
1.350
31749
156
1.350
31301
158
1.350
21793
611
1.350
10647
115
1.350
8539
131
1.350
33767
162
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
48378 102
183717
11
48320
99
181475
14
57662 105
230940
15
54265 259
219634 163
59886 91
249888 179
50728 258
211403 170
54463 101
203761
11
46898
178229
94
60837 249
239488 162
58821 244
234017 156
55227 251
224427 163
52572 101
197104
64058 247
250144 159
45069 101
161826
58191 249
225005 161
65638 243
252749 155
26908 82
101011 188
50075 105
192359
13
47994
189960
13
93
11
10
53230 254
223180 165
88612 243
512
1.350
86479 247
162
1.350
82129 249
156
1.350
341211 155
512
1.350
337694 159
162
1.350
337348 179
123
1.350
ECN-CX--00-077
121

for the load set specified in file: fat.occ
0.000 m
Nonrotating system
Case
Fside
Fax
Ftens
Mtilt
Mside
111 MIN
206066
41287 4347954 51552512
4717273
111 AVE
12039
361664 4347954 34400032
2514536
111 MAX
193014
619389 4347954 12008555
9716783
112 MIN
212281
10462 4347954 56111984
8821277
112 AVE
1818
346840 4347954 32998606
1824585
112 MAX
215843
654904 4347954
9776078
11358753
113 MIN
210319
39807 4347954 55807912
7698203
113 AVE
15234
320279 4347954 30076094
2944018
113 MAX
259934
683938 4347954
4800678
13051084
114 MIN
262657
319002 4347954 53482316
9463643
114 AVE
1532
295641 4347954 27442790
1827221
114 MAX
284786
675472 4347954
28109140
11211094
115 MIN
223669
328943 4347954 54760860
6357483
115 AVE
18892
274661 4347954 25316906
3242933
115 MAX
254666
649664 4347954
28517436
13396220
116 MIN
224363
375551 4347954 57652412
9790515
116 AVE
658
261495 4347954 23645460
1765312
116 MAX
212858
690958 4347954
30025728
13335507
117 MIN
203738
379935 4347954 71606176 11408224
117 AVE
23204
247905 4347954 22434141
3633881
117 MAX
267374
818312 4347954
35402576
16731292
118 MIN
230608
421585 4347954 59628924 11087403
118 AVE
784
241833 4347954 21280373
1660622
118 MAX
227287
733607 4347954
29127302
13997792
119 MIN
254512
374800 4347954 61282220 13710068
119 AVE
28538
232087 4347954 20625001
4125186
119 MAX
338269
698182 4347954
32362702
21863578
120 MIN
253382
449570 4347954 61561680 12752299
120 AVE
3135
230752 4347954 19755431
1475516
120 MAX
230476
749049 4347954
33661568
15646028
121 MIN
286137
362238 4347954 67107388 17264282
121 AVE
34588
223842 4347954 19587533
4691941
121 MAX
373228
843914 4347954
29831554
26203516
122 MIN
292937
544773 4347954 73215672 18389806
122 AVE
6160
225249 4347954 18763040
1220236
122 MAX
250518
885552 4347954
43750208
20206614
123 MIN
323534
512801 4347954 79435504 18555164
123 AVE
40937
218624 4347954 18801656
5274194
123 MAX
424839
1021765 4347954
40653136
30076110
124 MIN
381595
485013 4347954 79322056 23505458
124 AVE
9383
223754 4347954 18141005
952426
124 MAX
345966
954973 4347954
40918792
28276930
MINIMUM 1
515153
735443 5869738 107237936 31732368
Case
124
122
111
123
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
436771
692281 5869738 107084776 25049472
Case
123
123
112
124
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
395465
654767 5869738 98841160 24826238
Case
122
124
113
122
122
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
573532
1379382 5869738
59062780
40602748
Case
123
123
111
122
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
503858
1289213 5869738
55240372
38173856
Case
121
124
112
124
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
467054
1195495 5869738
54881736
35374748
Case
124
122
113
123
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
573532
1379382
5869738 107237936
40602748
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Myaw
3050227
171537
2804916
3089801
182337
2866755
3622141
105911
3182150
4261923
50961
3944043
3489703
57289
3836070
3786471
65172
3368993
3701441
282
3907360
4712737
181079
4126354
3794332
25181
5384142
4270940
309471
4751365
5043684
49584
4764536
5100239
434363
3998749
5453328
92743
5854262
6745714
581668
4562612
9106714
124
1.350
7361993
123
1.350
6885323
122
1.350
7903254
123
1.350
7268592
119
1.350
6432124
121
1.350
9106714
124
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
619422
Mres Fi_Mr
51570156 89
655516 13
56201652 87
692256
56012308 85
676800
53626856 86
649908
54796744 88
695037
58053340 83
837334
12
72663024 80
733872
60273620 82
699643
61282220 90
749049
61563132 90
844390
67324280 85
891125
73560520 96
1021904
79503760 92
957793
79398512 93
1379570
123
1.350
1293020
124
1.350
1203019
122
1.350
1 107330080 92
123
1.350
4 107187992 93
124
1.350
6 99306704 96
122
1.350
Extreme fatigue tower root loads
122
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

97.600 m
Nonrotating system
Case
Fside
Fax
Ftens
Mtilt
Mside
111 MIN
70085
88114 1969300
405262
547519
111 AVE
11865
307927 1969300
2048545
1728044
111 MAX
93778
449023 1969300
4549093
2507690
112 MIN
93729
80011 1969300
868435
673737
112 AVE
6901
293299 1969300
1795508
1890494
112 MAX
107716
495284 1969300
4619308
2707588
113 MIN
83610
30089 1969300
1336966
1046256
113 AVE
14317
267378 1969300
1945000
1906836
113 MAX
112622
494157 1969300
5237251
2666324
114 MIN
112965
205368 1969300
1200844
885771
114 AVE
7429
243316 1969300
1972909
1873547
114 MAX
112022
481150 1969300
5513347
3067365
115 MIN
84898
227377 1969300
1135141
1035386
115 AVE
16748
222677 1969300
1819199
1870375
115 MAX
120100
466640 1969300
4506904
2714992
116 MIN
90204
233194 1969300
1080097
845211
116 AVE
7394
208142 1969300
2074901
1853841
116 MAX
108909
469951 1969300
5366743
2723907
117 MIN
108251
255306 1969300
1835159
927045
117 AVE
19700
194038 1969300
1687331
1874436
117 MAX
141487
592720 1969300
5098738
2835414
118 MIN
109801
240999 1969300
1415906
692812
118 AVE
7060
185021 1969300
2160625
1838395
118 MAX
113596
493946 1969300
5989638
2850686
119 MIN
128037
255278 1969300
2082886
325650
119 AVE
23354
174333 1969300
1540817
1891569
119 MAX
195479
497888 1969300
5966804
3022933
120 MIN
120070
263094 1969300
2067484
351451
120 AVE
6055
168896 1969300
2239141
1827501
120 MAX
134300
529430 1969300
6266354
2878418
121 MIN
159061
255056 1969300
3378849
733026
121 AVE
27658
161012 1969300
1358143
1910126
121 MAX
223157
571283 1969300
5951942
3071862
122 MIN
152231
372739 1969300
2020066
419018
122 AVE
4523
157092 1969300
2312708
1810152
122 MAX
164360
581650 1969300
7432320
3006615
123 MIN
172546
359043 1969300
4518006
262334
123 AVE
32068
149379 1969300
1174941
1921592
123 MAX
249879
617554 1969300
5949778
3422162
124 MIN
215441
347983 1969300
3249327
180728
124 AVE
2866
148267 1969300
2390817
1797526
124 MAX
228736
645341 1969300
7605600
3096999
MINIMUM 1
290845
503198 2658555
6099308
243982
Case
124
122
111
123
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
232938
484708 2658555
4561446
354152
Case
123
123
112
121
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
214732
469776 2658555
4386591
439628
Case
121
124
113
124
119
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
337337
871210 2658555
10267560
4619919
Case
123
124
111
124
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
308793
833697 2658555
10033632
4180949
Case
124
123
112
122
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
301263
800172 2658555
8459578
4147014
Case
121
117
113
120
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
337337
871210
2658555
10267560
4619919
Case
123
124
111
124
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Myaw
2989132
168102
2748734
3027913
178685
2809335
3549591
103790
3118413
4176558
49940
3865045
3419806
56142
3759235
3710629
63867
3301513
3627302
276
3829097
4618343
177452
4043704
3718333
24677
5276300
4185395
303273
4656198
4942661
48591
4669105
4998083
425663
3918656
5344101
90885
5737004
6610600
570017
4471225
8924310
124
1.350
7214536
123
1.350
6747412
122
1.350
7744955
123
1.350
7123005
119
1.350
6303291
121
1.350
8924310
124
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
449044
4816761
71
495410
4957667
68
494188
5559857
70
481406
5776783
73
466711
4972023
65
471604
5642851
72
600887
5420224
70
494999
6211010
75
498230
6340291
70
529594
6426271
77
573275
6290225
71
585204
7552961
80
619429
6192022
74
646385
7706743
81
872620
124
1.350
836229
123
1.350
811197
117
1.350
10404103
124
1.350
10196498
122
1.350
8675466
120
1.350
81
4
9
80
77
Extreme fatigue tower top loads
ECN-CX--00-077
123

Extreme shaft loads at location
1.800 m
Nonrotating system
Case
Fside
Fvert
Ftens
Mtilt
Myaw
111 MIN
77121
706167
559634
1581622
2553454
111 AVE
6713
627739
428137
1006584
10741
111 MAX
95334
542632
235622
3509990
2497463
112 MIN
98515
707146
574554
2080435
2378133
112 AVE
1956
631618
409816
689350
367383
112 MAX
101937
555148
222481
3527850
2873949
113 MIN
100384
717690
572866
2674400
2928094
113 AVE
8726
628298
378785
780918
60287
113 MAX
100836
531008
160216
3888224
2791589
114 MIN
109632
721496
584479
2493123
3348998
114 AVE
2809
630021
350042
734160
229741
114 MAX
119822
544212
1584
3926201
3443420
115 MIN
95821
704568
592217
2538326
3082145
115 AVE
11404
628279
324280
522665
89552
115 MAX
125139
549792
23272
3278683
3435187
116 MIN
97025
717445
515061
2282854
3306856
116 AVE
3161
628777
307605
741213
110021
116 MAX
128493
540420
22503
3811836
3436658
117 MIN
143690
716102
547360
3253493
3187674
117 AVE
14585
627350
288757
306188
130658
117 MAX
138214
521693
45287
3890677
3463815
118 MIN
106884
723446
544529
3173315
4120630
118 AVE
3146
627530
279376
765074
6708
118 MAX
118999
524540
43115
4506658
3334044
119 MIN
120141
742789
500347
4067494
3172901
119 AVE
18429
626024
263543
100530
140564
119 MAX
148103
500600
73551
4018756
4746624
120 MIN
149580
731269
518605
3764635
3603795
120 AVE
2372
625868
259324
802156
131560
120 MAX
129450
520301
77692
4791196
4661665
121 MIN
131110
742651
501773
5489697
4280596
121 AVE
22986
623782
245825
120900
147199
121 MAX
174283
475218
113943
4729253
4290019
122 MIN
178636
749672
534056
3296737
4430013
122 AVE
1046
624247
244299
845619
251364
122 MAX
156570
476789
59764
5587519
3219267
123 MIN
145277
776313
521115
6267116
4966193
123 AVE
27734
622046
229950
341039
170870
123 MAX
198467
463714
171702
4582231
5128007
124 MIN
173025
763349
493800
4211211
5225186
124 AVE
460
622058
232756
903478
391121
124 MAX
197894
474118
84164
5882403
4158483
MINIMUM 1
241159 1048023
799493
8460606
7054001
Case
122
123
115
123
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
233584 1030521
789047
7411091
6704361
Case
124
124
114
121
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
201933 1012057
775648
5685135
5980518
Case
120
122
112
124
122
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
267930
626014
231798
7941244
6922810
Case
123
123
123
124
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
267157
640059
153823
7543150
6407943
Case
124
124
121
122
119
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
235282
641545
113621
6468115
6293248
Case
121
121
124
120
120
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
267930
1048023
799493
8460606
7054001
Case
123
123
115
123
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Qshaft
2491604
1753994
709976
2533094
1895320
857930
2626650
1924383
1133018
2856161
1889888
1113244
2621627
1875893
1030677
2638810
1880356
991335
2637439
1867011
932356
2752194
1876289
913225
2707347
1872850
635454
2917830
1879187
668857
2809819
1878618
883992
2830047
1876763
814701
2964249
1874432
59639
3002326
1881297
510024
4053140
124
1.350
4001737
123
1.350
3939070
120
1.350
80513
123
1.350
688532
124
1.350
857863
119
1.350
4053140
124
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
706866 183
3723102
71
707149 180
3810010
66
717691 180
4176212
54
722179 182
4230356
54
710318 170
3872941
35
717455 180
4218040
53
716936 183
4072017
73
723960 182
4555589 144
745709 175
4998982 18
732380 184
4791471
742746 179
5493533 88
751644 176
5959838
781391 173
6630518 251
766744 185
5961197
1054878 173
123
1.350
1035104 185
124
1.350
1014720 176
122
1.350
89
61
80
8951199 251
123
1.350
8047616 80
124
1.350
8045781 61
122
1.350
Extreme fatigue loads in rotor centre (non-rotating)
124
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

0.000 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
30004
142985
215344
2596964
758998
111 AVE
142727
2280
420159
66218
3797052
111 MAX
249538
144809
655720
2610695
6501123
112 MIN
3318
143603
249296
2928447
214709
112 AVE
137573
4604
446883
123330
3563456
112 MAX
249698
156720
672982
2649353
6435885
113 MIN
19562
138173
259079
2998073
587035
113 AVE
128269
6622
479258
168245
3209008
113 MAX
264869
159601
710089
2446054
6106103
114 MIN
42847
144457
287537
3133734
1012284
114 AVE
119542
8597
508946
209237
2870470
114 MAX
258949
168893
725689
2620312
6736462
115 MIN
51587
142425
286748
2793042
1781791
115 AVE
111574
9210
520926
215865
2577006
115 MAX
244042
152364
740268
2553833
6849657
116 MIN
45961
152965
296558
2940543
2018713
116 AVE
106456
9703
519557
219801
2371149
116 MAX
272216
159697
742499
3213972
6447620
117 MIN
80486
160247
294845
3226063
2595132
117 AVE
100787
9432
527982
202894
2150933
117 MAX
254860
166728
759627
3230295
5754476
118 MIN
57582
151157
304053
3100980
2122031
118 AVE
98070
9610
521822
198310
2016698
118 MAX
253082
166424
742202
2968086
6032254
119 MIN
95949
163457
276393
3216032
2905793
119 AVE
93372
8938
521481
170701
1833520
119 MAX
247196
161431
745822
3350807
5470574
120 MIN
77135
157888
292059
3324985
2202255
120 AVE
92426
9169
516853
168740
1749727
120 MAX
267717
172829
765035
3338925
6392724
121 MIN
145618
154129
285772
3105448
4989899
121 AVE
88576
8221
513791
133568
1593747
121 MAX
249818
163733
751976
3124959
5835777
122 MIN
82104
179715
282595
3265588
2687059
122 AVE
88688
8666
518850
135800
1530681
122 MAX
282832
169807
762626
3914322
5825259
123 MIN
182786
181901
276175
3829252
5330871
123 AVE
84778
7077
513848
83199
1379779
123 MAX
281668
180681
768477
4220013
6008177
124 MIN
91231
175016
260744
3421443
3250453
124 AVE
86123
8051
511234
100087
1354371
124 MAX
280967
181493
757237
3709013
6244255
MINIMUM 1
246762
245566
290714
5169491
7196676
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
196585
242615
336550
4618948
6736364
Case
121
122
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
129531
236271
349757
4488730
4388111
Case
119
124
113
120
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
381824
245015
1037444
5697018
9247037
Case
122
124
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
380252
243919
1032797
5284335
9094224
Case
123
123
120
122
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
379306
233319
1029545
5007167
8776516
Case
124
120
122
124
111
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
381824
245566
1037444
5697018
9247037
Case
122
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
20011
12702
55373
24735
10723
51949
35109
8494
62498
44159
5437
54605
58754
3573
63397
56756
2517
48364
50966
712
51609
61937
530
42462
65088
926
53417
62952
648
44833
65438
1880
54966
60103
1722
53098
89026
3077
67921
76740
1985
51046
120185
123
1.350
103599
124
1.350
88341
121
1.350
91694
123
1.350
85585
115
1.350
84372
113
1.350
120185
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
267656 121
6627299
11
275244 115
6678468
15
274270 105
6193156
10
281710 113
6928446
14
259654 110
6877537
291142 111
6632629
14
268253 111
5955589
15
269867 115
6083987
264789 116
5473142
15
277796 109
6607381
15
256771 120
5923725
10
296298 107
5862929
299485 110
6361764 143
289870 104
6264673
404305 110
123
1.350
400003 107
122
1.350
393041 111
116
1.350
9353402
114
1.350
9284675
115
1.350
9015931
112
1.350
14
5
15
Extreme fatigue blade loads R=1.5m
ECN-CX--00-077
125

2.000 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
32220
131611
225922
2326953
692201
111 AVE
140384
1694
412007
60728
3515522
111 MAX
244613
132095
628150
2345528
6010501
112 MIN
4920
131413
258672
2635138
177256
112 AVE
135190
3903
438241
113501
3292330
112 MAX
244194
143607
645819
2388797
5966239
113 MIN
17670
126500
268540
2698992
558100
113 AVE
125857
5819
470015
154727
2956559
113 MAX
257044
146301
681196
2208892
5658180
114 MIN
39926
132868
297101
2816611
946761
114 AVE
117108
7682
499152
192126
2635533
114 MAX
253547
155397
696214
2365724
6226732
115 MIN
51853
130887
296280
2511130
1683900
115 AVE
109123
8221
510914
197798
2358036
115 MAX
242190
139195
711589
2294051
6365128
116 MIN
45521
141659
305019
2644684
1950682
116 AVE
103995
8629
509580
200993
2162434
116 MAX
264760
146063
714121
2934793
5914798
117 MIN
77279
149140
303797
2918610
2440600
117 AVE
98282
8297
517848
184840
1953619
117 MAX
245260
153193
731028
2928161
5265081
118 MIN
58631
139969
312501
2789887
2019970
118 AVE
95544
8388
511810
180113
1824851
118 MAX
245241
152761
713376
2694293
5543804
119 MIN
92823
153438
286563
2923527
2719067
119 AVE
90794
7656
511477
154039
1651142
119 MAX
238124
149993
716496
3049588
5054822
120 MIN
73682
147873
300868
3003595
2054775
120 AVE
89814
7797
506940
151808
1569297
120 MAX
258612
159689
734583
3050657
5878850
121 MIN
147628
143747
294782
2797952
4696289
121 AVE
85900
6789
503935
118709
1421105
121 MAX
243873
151017
723627
2878430
5345506
122 MIN
81122
170849
291885
2956138
2523980
122 AVE
85960
7128
508898
120259
1357902
122 MAX
271304
156340
734170
3569108
5386737
123 MIN
179161
173380
285210
3492723
5030761
123 AVE
81961
5484
503988
71004
1214943
123 MAX
273695
169196
737969
3869488
5464929
124 MIN
89819
166455
270494
3121489
3077716
124 AVE
83275
6340
501425
86153
1186905
124 MAX
271326
166097
728138
3408816
5742860
MINIMUM 1
241867
234063
304995
4715176
6791527
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
199298
230647
349207
4214011
6339991
Case
121
122
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
125311
224715
362529
4054853
4154916
Case
119
124
113
120
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
369489
228415
996258
5223809
8592923
Case
123
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
366290
224230
991687
4818296
8406088
Case
124
124
120
122
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
366261
215581
991129
4601902
8114176
Case
122
120
122
124
111
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
369489
234063
996258
5223809
8592923
Case
123
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
20333
12346
54702
24854
10308
51306
35343
8002
61424
42179
4880
53903
56734
2957
61889
54739
1863
47778
51321
0
50702
59808
214
41556
62982
1723
52425
60936
1479
43885
63390
2765
53950
60850
2646
51945
87111
4066
66585
75303
3000
49934
117600
123
1.350
101659
124
1.350
85576
121
1.350
89890
123
1.350
83551
115
1.350
82922
113
1.350
117600
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
257884 120
6118524
11
266111 113
6170937
15
264844 104
5723059
272327 111
6386684
13
249791 109
6388478
280780 109
6071063
13
258648 110
5437408
14
257254 114
5583306
252921 114
5055563
269291 108
6067345
14
247942 100
5425724
10
282960 107
5423857
288182 109
5976300 144
278552 103
5763490
389046 109
123
1.350
381996 107
122
1.350
379053 109
116
1.350
8624445
115
1.350
8622023
114
1.350
8330765
112
1.350
5
13
15
126
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

5.000 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
30801
116000
231415
1957628
596248
111 AVE
136538
956
394577
54455
3099755
111 MAX
237410
114764
586632
1979138
5286320
112 MIN
6576
115991
262126
2232015
121831
112 AVE
131250
3008
419761
101027
2892275
112 MAX
235732
125696
604261
2026654
5271754
113 MIN
15397
110488
271618
2287800
516398
113 AVE
121844
4787
450252
136981
2584599
113 MAX
245068
128178
637058
1879936
4995938
114 MIN
36693
116945
299283
2378841
882363
114 AVE
113029
6498
478211
169282
2289896
114 MAX
245218
136889
651127
2013366
5477398
115 MIN
52412
115004
298905
2128077
1534706
115 AVE
104997
6941
489507
173709
2036397
115 MAX
239199
121131
667057
1934009
5642006
116 MIN
45778
126019
306578
2237676
1838557
116 AVE
99824
7243
488248
176014
1856205
116 MAX
253266
127399
669985
2540815
5136539
117 MIN
74567
133791
305727
2492678
2215197
117 AVE
94017
6839
496180
161151
1664615
117 MAX
232407
134598
686270
2505855
4550346
118 MIN
60375
124526
313530
2361524
1861765
118 AVE
91212
6822
490403
156447
1544104
118 MAX
233008
134089
668674
2310717
4829828
119 MIN
89658
139236
290321
2514956
2447755
119 AVE
86358
6024
490085
132831
1384745
119 MAX
224241
134379
671699
2621627
4441950
120 MIN
69817
133816
302302
2557474
1981451
120 AVE
85282
6053
485742
130446
1305917
120 MAX
245259
141582
687706
2642578
5126402
121 MIN
150354
129000
296450
2381818
4250150
121 AVE
81244
4982
482859
100613
1169588
121 MAX
234092
133622
679185
2516161
4626771
122 MIN
80618
158243
294566
2528151
2282227
122 AVE
81171
5189
487616
101434
1106325
122 MAX
253071
137949
689352
3075974
4735640
123 MIN
174392
161256
286933
3019075
4573845
123 AVE
77008
3491
482905
57341
975533
123 MAX
261520
153755
690604
3367536
4790917
124 MIN
88665
154064
274076
2704333
2822954
124 AVE
78222
4195
480451
70211
943634
124 MAX
256791
144988
684266
2975808
5003864
MINIMUM 1
235429
217695
312410
4075752
6174690
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
202977
213628
353870
3650849
5737703
Case
121
122
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
121039
207986
366684
3452590
3810988
Case
119
124
113
120
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
353051
207569
932315
4546174
7616708
Case
123
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
346668
195734
930625
4152565
7394488
Case
124
124
122
122
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
341910
191136
928402
4017341
7136532
Case
116
120
120
124
111
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
353051
217695
932315
4546174
7616708
Case
123
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
20797
11818
53403
24952
9678
50286
35806
7246
60555
41849
4013
52785
54439
1999
59728
52483
840
46799
52396
1110
49070
57509
1384
40122
60866
2968
50851
59108
2786
42314
61250
4143
52331
61895
4102
50335
85536
5608
64723
74461
4597
48138
115474
123
1.350
100522
124
1.350
83558
122
1.350
87376
123
1.350
81749
113
1.350
80632
115
1.350
115474
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
245501 105
5370839
10
252861 111
5428403
14
250906 102
5045036
259093 109
5597448
12
240681
84
5660074
265623 108
5256081
12
244451 108
4685621
14
240944 105
4854996
235468 112
4442892
256585 107
5280217
14
237691 100
4761204 150
262268 105
4771636
270638 108
5408770 147
261955 101
5023295
365361 108
123
1.350
358592 108
116
1.350
354061 105
122
1.350
7641100
115
1.350
7556555
114
1.350
7328344
112
1.350
12
14
ECN-CX--00-077
127

8.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
27673
101112
224696
1586014
492845
111 AVE
130843
579
368017
49812
2630349
111 MAX
226983
98888
538606
1604794
4469770
112 MIN
6538
101388
252799
1823138
54378
112 AVE
125350
2505
391585
89662
2441665
112 MAX
225457
109191
555312
1653163
4482645
113 MIN
14739
95207
261309
1870148
466937
113 AVE
115783
4170
420097
119905
2167144
113 MAX
229785
111633
585166
1541153
4246152
114 MIN
35745
101715
287825
1945001
800440
114 AVE
106798
5759
446240
146744
1903513
114 MAX
234203
119540
599256
1651763
4644966
115 MIN
53220
99661
287367
1756706
1355127
115 AVE
98669
6141
456811
150000
1678264
115 MAX
232671
105114
613789
1571694
4813032
116 MIN
48253
113649
294418
1824500
1686270
116 AVE
93372
6384
455658
151580
1516320
116 MAX
238311
110577
616967
2123624
4273186
117 MIN
74989
118803
293562
2054213
1956164
117 AVE
87397
5960
463069
138397
1345287
117 MAX
218185
118031
632278
2066124
3761360
118 MIN
62632
110102
300776
1925726
1666828
118 AVE
84418
5893
457685
134036
1234793
118 MAX
219886
116924
615247
1909874
4035592
119 MIN
89376
124221
280174
2087776
2137769
119 AVE
79394
5086
457388
113440
1092664
119 MAX
206613
119975
618480
2165183
3752411
120 MIN
68533
119377
290000
2097727
1848427
120 AVE
78088
5067
453336
111202
1017871
120 MAX
231972
124559
634953
2209157
4288318
121 MIN
152614
116179
284775
1993755
3734056
121 AVE
73847
3999
450640
85316
895961
121 MAX
219855
117532
625479
2109370
3830811
122 MIN
82254
144714
283494
2097186
2029675
122 AVE
73468
4141
455078
85689
833320
122 MAX
227747
121061
634961
2545562
3996600
123 MIN
170237
148276
275269
2516574
4025655
123 AVE
69063
2469
450673
47706
717448
123 MAX
242282
139857
634325
2825288
4023837
124 MIN
89427
139951
264332
2270872
2523615
124 AVE
70005
3080
448377
58405
681613
124 MAX
238532
126847
630704
2503669
4170065
MINIMUM 1
229820
200173
303340
3397375
5434635
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
206030
195365
341279
3065677
5040976
Case
121
122
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
120726
188934
352767
2831931
3406880
Case
124
124
113
120
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
327080
188807
857197
3814138
6497593
Case
123
123
122
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
322019
171243
857187
3436508
6270704
Case
124
124
120
122
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
321720
168154
856339
3379954
6051571
Case
116
120
123
124
112
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
327080
200173
857197
3814138
6497593
Case
123
123
122
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
21441
10987
50649
25028
8695
48135
36721
6068
58289
42828
2660
50381
56088
536
56447
51855
713
44556
53864
2758
45643
56672
3120
37416
61246
4770
47971
59356
4692
39496
64323
6115
49224
63738
6204
47407
85027
7779
61523
75496
6887
44892
114787
123
1.350
101920
124
1.350
86836
121
1.350
83057
123
1.350
78690
113
1.350
76203
115
1.350
114787
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
233193 103
4532562
10
238527 110
4596191
13
234065 101
4281191
244153 106
4720983
11
233599
85
4826992
247576 106
4359570
11
227316 106
3860187
13
223666 101
4049606
215105 110
3753588
241085 106
4408936
13
223029 100
4157926 151
234323 104
4030764
247656 107
4739237 148
242016 100
4187591
334336 107
123
1.350
334227 106
116
1.350
329607 106
114
1.350
6516440 4
115
1.350
6397970 148
123
1.350
6373327 11
114
1.350
Extreme fatigue blade loads R=10m
128
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

13.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
22750
85360
204641
1106381
365346
111 AVE
119466
900
322952
13531
1999506
111 MAX
204853
80084
465440
1173361
3368605
112 MIN
5237
86745
228772
1292738
8872
112 AVE
113564
1010
343720
46645
1839745
112 MAX
204464
89459
479975
1224366
3395820
113 MIN
15595
80628
235666
1322824
402097
113 AVE
103766
2711
368794
72535
1614126
113 MAX
202534
91646
505509
1152393
3224987
114 MIN
35524
86053
260060
1401443
772953
114 AVE
94472
4334
391786
95259
1396554
114 MAX
212437
97990
520019
1236534
3530350
115 MIN
54351
83795
259248
1278782
1094508
115 AVE
86245
4818
401080
99707
1212360
115 MAX
216712
85974
531203
1141883
3684492
116 MIN
55864
98734
265327
1297834
1443966
116 AVE
80697
5156
400079
102303
1077499
116 MAX
210975
91005
534506
1582350
3127107
117 MIN
77076
100505
264533
1474340
1572174
117 AVE
74521
4872
406582
93464
936781
117 MAX
192016
99051
548126
1507990
2747392
118 MIN
64854
92111
270638
1384666
1372643
118 AVE
71152
4902
401851
90940
841941
118 MAX
196330
97005
532450
1398569
2980484
119 MIN
90912
105833
253881
1532260
1785304
119 AVE
65952
4252
401582
76148
725246
119 MAX
175750
103157
536391
1565086
2827633
120 MIN
68676
101068
260955
1516280
1604066
120 AVE
64127
4320
398012
75025
658030
120 MAX
208219
105125
552099
1645925
3164653
121 MIN
153369
99758
256874
1493354
3002690
121 AVE
59653
3420
395637
55921
557696
121 MAX
192816
98261
541722
1524213
2904994
122 MIN
84988
125200
256086
1540633
1686664
122 AVE
58572
3630
399511
56504
498374
122 MAX
192589
103309
550075
1848348
2994220
123 MIN
167602
129533
247520
1860450
3248502
123 AVE
53955
2179
395648
28098
404820
123 MAX
209187
122781
551299
2105754
3012836
124 MIN
96933
118190
239184
1705746
2147596
124 AVE
54191
2797
393595
36424
365751
124 MAX
211686
106355
546556
1870984
3049687
MINIMUM 1
226263
174870
276266
2511608
4385478
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
207048
169020
308842
2302757
4053632
Case
121
122
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
130860
159556
318149
2079854
2899255
Case
124
124
113
122
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
292561
165754
745334
2842767
4974064
Case
115
123
120
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
286790
143579
744253
2525828
4765973
Case
114
124
123
124
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
285776
141919
742601
2495270
4584357
Case
124
120
122
122
112
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
292561
174870
745334
2842767
4974064
Case
115
123
120
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
20974
9307
43603
25376
6723
42585
37539
3726
50344
42366
11
43221
54352
2262
49973
50972
3673
38148
54901
5721
38204
55282
6278
31184
62052
7855
40491
60977
8017
32039
67634
9361
40148
64209
9772
39991
81913
11193
52170
73981
10682
36656
110583
123
1.350
99875
124
1.350
91306
121
1.350
70430
123
1.350
67964
113
1.350
67464
115
1.350
110583
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
209745 102
3416049
10
215161 109
3474146
12
205900 100
3251438
219823 108
3577744
217094
87
3692212
217867 104
3187547
11
199049 105
2814655
13
198659
99
2988144
183489 108
2828014
215927 105
3263097
15
196030 100
3292207 156
198322
76
3032224
210883
83
3756850 150
211815
92
3068821
296761 108
114
1.350
294120 104
116
1.350
293076 87
115
1.350
5071748 150
123
1.350
4984487 5
115
1.350
4829955
9
114
1.350
ECN-CX--00-077
129

18.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
18092
73567
174868
716798
268159
111 AVE
103976
4679
269025
48482
1440608
111 MAX
174658
60660
383662
877090
2399176
112 MIN
5690
76023
194397
833867
29657
112 AVE
97790
2669
286382
18810
1312743
112 MAX
177242
69338
395599
905139
2414503
113 MIN
15999
70618
199575
852451
357707
113 AVE
88110
745
307280
6884
1137324
113 MAX
167412
70507
416325
862086
2332788
114 MIN
31944
76117
220864
957811
697787
114 AVE
78823
1073
326442
29546
967610
114 MAX
182477
75515
429883
924863
2563959
115 MIN
53456
70420
219829
866742
843457
115 AVE
70769
1844
334172
38092
824638
115 MAX
191320
69310
437854
796084
2675948
116 MIN
61888
83862
224868
881652
1176120
116 AVE
65090
2404
333332
43756
718256
116 MAX
176424
73102
440994
1105081
2138040
117 MIN
73708
83014
224131
963759
1187002
117 AVE
58980
2407
338733
41168
608195
117 MAX
157489
77962
452484
1031125
1911252
118 MIN
63556
76259
228892
942774
1067332
118 AVE
55225
2622
334772
41796
531328
118 MAX
166456
77197
440628
980490
2067622
119 MIN
86508
86217
216098
1050621
1427498
119 AVE
50127
2262
334533
34127
440027
119 MAX
154331
85017
443505
1042772
2005767
120 MIN
72686
84447
220706
1033242
1309068
120 AVE
47742
2472
331530
35012
383541
120 MAX
175310
85851
456774
1150943
2191399
121 MIN
151361
80705
217419
1062950
2281639
121 AVE
43333
1852
329548
23663
304910
121 MAX
160660
80611
446627
1001284
2091428
122 MIN
80847
103481
217410
1055095
1352531
122 AVE
41456
2170
332733
25331
253316
122 MAX
163842
86306
454031
1235011
2088624
123 MIN
165317
108826
209027
1292402
2472689
123 AVE
37096
1045
329535
7020
181355
123 MAX
171551
104257
458161
1465301
2142684
124 MIN
104037
95895
203101
1205645
1723101
124 AVE
36348
1696
327760
13825
144079
124 MAX
175309
89076
450867
1292810
2110963
MINIMUM 1
223178
146915
236072
1744743
3338130
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
204338
139700
262435
1627621
3080213
Case
121
122
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
140449
129458
269427
1434983
2326187
Case
124
124
113
121
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
258282
140746
618518
1978156
3612530
Case
115
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
246343
120253
616645
1745293
3461344
Case
114
124
120
124
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
239276
116513
612941
1667264
3259579
Case
112
122
122
122
112
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
258282
146915
618518
1978156
3612530
Case
115
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
19951
6331
32309
23480
3560
31625
34573
344
37351
41015
3462
32738
48279
5813
38326
46481
7419
25883
51531
9446
27563
50150
10328
21608
56904
11824
29216
57203
12379
21254
63874
13631
26696
60384
14510
29942
75514
15665
36264
67230
15821
21704
101944
123
1.350
90761
124
1.350
86230
121
1.350
51741
115
1.350
50424
113
1.350
48956
123
1.350
101944
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
179726 105
2447374
13
185673 107
2481367
13
171061 102
2336414
11
188985 105
2575501
11
191337
89
2677622
182783 105
2191854
13
164260 107
1926537
15
168514
99
2076168
154493
93
2006722
183344 107
2290775
17
166048 244
2459002 158
166469 100
2138619
187843 242
2780837 153
175831
2129832
94
258305 89
115
1.350
255130 105
114
1.350
253588 242
123
1.350
12
10
3754130 153
123
1.350
3614789 2
115
1.350
3476926 11
114
1.350
130
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

23.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
14749
60095
138817
431930
170560
111 AVE
86452
5584
209351
53826
958481
111 MAX
144449
44748
296192
587076
1585848
112 MIN
825
61657
153559
514352
37882
112 AVE
80231
3664
222920
31145
862567
112 MAX
146926
52181
305325
601357
1585954
113 MIN
16593
57662
157060
520090
311758
113 AVE
71070
1811
239199
11056
735321
113 MAX
138224
52839
322040
570961
1594072
114 MIN
29041
62396
173760
616467
578401
114 AVE
62217
93
254126
6482
611953
114 MAX
152488
58701
332640
621353
1732786
115 MIN
47249
54710
173331
549585
655710
115 AVE
54632
735
260133
14179
508656
115 MAX
160504
54881
337751
536246
1793895
116 MIN
62224
68116
177307
558584
877300
116 AVE
49097
1335
259475
19285
430743
116 MAX
141353
57110
340476
720656
1337291
117 MIN
66148
65278
176705
588290
842155
117 AVE
43278
1463
263662
18822
350716
117 MAX
123488
59387
349461
644238
1269900
118 MIN
61189
60282
180106
607406
756171
118 AVE
39378
1730
260559
19944
293243
118 MAX
133314
59443
341432
632033
1308637
119 MIN
78016
66535
170972
661650
1087838
119 AVE
34535
1530
260359
15724
226793
119 MAX
127547
66512
343271
665255
1334888
120 MIN
73868
68338
173199
645361
992731
120 AVE
31814
1779
257992
16703
183290
120 MAX
137984
67002
353398
747349
1399285
121 MIN
136266
63393
171306
710313
1574009
121 AVE
27621
1336
256445
9799
126051
121 MAX
128446
67354
344467
639766
1386657
122 MIN
73366
80357
171783
678972
1010907
122 AVE
25236
1654
258884
10994
85376
122 MAX
132463
68802
352965
746756
1326920
123 MIN
146196
88181
164081
813500
1711421
123 AVE
21277
775
256418
642
33920
123 MAX
138934
83959
357028
946822
1412001
124 MIN
98445
77750
160212
783601
1276702
124 AVE
19746
1371
254973
3831
2661
124 MAX
136333
74392
348180
837677
1389299
MINIMUM 1
197364
119045
187403
1098225
2310419
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
183959
108482
207305
1057861
2124912
Case
121
122
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
132901
104963
212032
958923
1723548
Case
124
124
113
121
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
216680
113344
481987
1278210
2421759
Case
115
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
205858
100429
477087
1130864
2339261
Case
114
124
120
124
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
198350
92883
476503
1008921
2151998
Case
112
122
122
120
113
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
216680
119045
481987
1278210
2421759
Case
115
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
16948
4359
23642
20303
1662
22025
29881
1469
26671
37080
5003
24113
39801
7280
28915
40258
8884
16962
45027
10794
19134
42853
11802
12978
48773
13207
20033
49366
13949
13709
55976
15123
17126
52339
16173
21746
63536
17196
25324
57635
17693
15109
85774
123
1.350
77807
124
1.350
75568
121
1.350
39036
115
1.350
36006
113
1.350
34188
123
1.350
85774
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
149061 105
1621384
12
153485 107
1630721
13
140709 101
1597907
156843 104
1733784
160511
91
1793898
146392 107
1362242
12
128537 106
1273163
134703
98
1319402
127792
94
1337910
144976 108
1471838
18
146607 247
1679886 159
135859 103
1373050
163363 243
1887611 155
137161
1402433
96
220540 243
123
1.350
216690 91
115
1.350
211738 104
114
1.350
15
2548275 155
123
1.350
2421762
0
115
1.350
2340609 2
114
1.350
ECN-CX--00-077
131

28.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
11699
44936
97389
240098
96071
111 AVE
67133
4870
144703
37952
576214
111 MAX
113231
31180
203548
341861
970405
112 MIN
2582
44934
107350
298770
44529
112 AVE
61193
3220
154149
23147
511250
112 MAX
111805
36502
209889
355009
970063
113 MIN
20262
42845
109245
299437
221285
113 AVE
53025
1673
165428
10152
427780
113 MAX
110431
36856
221834
333876
987660
114 MIN
33547
45890
120815
356890
420884
114 AVE
45089
274
175774
970
346844
114 MAX
122507
44280
229553
372818
1081567
115 MIN
39753
39812
121074
317546
468331
115 AVE
38397
416
179924
5991
279546
115 MAX
127279
39974
231875
323462
1101341
116 MIN
58543
50833
123709
319903
571349
116 AVE
33394
907
179466
9213
228279
116 MAX
102378
41390
233896
426187
806810
117 MIN
55289
47243
123367
329581
559858
117 AVE
28217
1015
182350
9017
175953
117 MAX
90350
42436
239997
361998
781349
118 MIN
53027
44834
125483
359926
528366
118 AVE
24562
1217
180187
9593
137661
118 MAX
96233
43668
235702
368743
786942
119 MIN
69919
47094
119738
377415
756226
119 AVE
20246
1056
180038
6974
94264
119 MAX
96607
48671
236664
388677
831956
120 MIN
66595
52059
120137
362395
679281
120 AVE
17548
1236
178376
7350
64599
120 MAX
100900
48243
242968
442032
818028
121 MIN
111306
46661
119509
425232
1023386
121 AVE
13816
876
177306
3049
27286
121 MAX
99731
50677
236871
381748
820488
122 MIN
64654
55912
120205
402130
681744
122 AVE
11334
1084
178962
3383
886
122 MAX
97756
48700
244589
433119
752728
123 MIN
118100
66908
113855
455403
1114638
123 AVE
7926
384
177284
3785
33977
123 MAX
103008
60943
248000
555608
827826
124 MIN
84677
58205
111480
455308
884679
124 AVE
6084
809
176230
1511
56317
124 MAX
97775
56732
240573
495368
825776
MINIMUM 1
159435
90326
131475
614794
1504761
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
150263
78577
144923
614665
1381571
Case
121
124
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
114314
75481
147481
574063
1194317
Case
124
122
113
121
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
171827
82273
334800
750071
1486810
Case
115
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
165384
76589
330195
668746
1460116
Case
114
124
122
124
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
152862
68414
328007
596743
1333341
Case
111
121
120
120
113
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
171827
90326
334800
750071
1504761
Case
115
123
123
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
12835
3224
16681
16325
892
14924
24052
1766
18646
30241
4671
17567
31011
6606
20867
31006
7998
10442
35654
9607
12053
34273
10543
7287
39655
11755
12551
39239
12477
7320
45141
13500
9040
41734
14457
14670
50491
15360
16094
45844
15887
7916
68163
123
1.350
61889
124
1.350
60941
121
1.350
28171
115
1.350
25172
113
1.350
23715
114
1.350
68163
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
116866 105
979914
115948 105
997205
13
110729
94
994481
122752
94
1081855
127282
90
1125860
14
105964 106
809202
91227 105
784182
97346
99
794196
96901
94
832713
106839 109
858461
18
118146 250
101175 105
130608 245
98950
1050180 163
785589
17
1165443 159
99
919641 164
176320 245
123
1.350
171830 90
115
1.350
165715 94
114
1.350
1573349 159
123
1.350
1519911 14
115
1.350
1460505 1
114
1.350
132
ECN-CX--00-077
Extreme Load Tables

33.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
7304
29641
59817
110795
34726
111 AVE
47164
3589
88127
20301
286770
111 MAX
79884
19712
123210
157314
496023
112 MIN
2913
29916
65939
142395
43177
112 AVE
42086
2331
93824
12464
250196
112 MAX
79156
24576
126683
171651
492179
113 MIN
18449
28178
67236
149494
131098
113 AVE
35479
1190
100586
5724
204561
113 MAX
81878
24236
134226
161030
496876
114 MIN
33334
31366
73739
167706
247030
114 AVE
29066
196
106798
127
160400
114 MAX
88661
29583
139196
182717
557155
115 MIN
36721
27390
75199
151084
277821
115 AVE
23721
288
109256
2371
123845
115 MAX
89611
26190
139736
157874
581039
116 MIN
46775
35028
75530
148896
309871
116 AVE
19657
614
108941
3860
95770
116 MAX
66297
26828
141541
206489
414899
117 MIN
44363
30181
75769
157573
323164
117 AVE
15500
663
110661
3620
67263
117 MAX
64978
27106
145878
164128
396118
118 MIN
41944
30208
76647
172974
329242
118 AVE
12466
765
109319
3682
46110
118 MAX
64896
30004
143004
176325
390026
119 MIN
58874
31704
73336
181716
437715
119 AVE
9006
609
109223
2158
22531
119 MAX
70244
31405
143318
197900
420232
120 MIN
54074
35961
72932
165320
386824
120 AVE
6669
691
108183
2065
5810
120 MAX
67167
30748
146396
217426
393873
121 MIN
82336
30471
72738
206881
551595
121 AVE
3689
391
107552
308
14404
121 MAX
69110
35520
144084
202684
392081
122 MIN
54149
34789
72950
196201
383308
122 AVE
1482
470
108525
508
30492
122 MAX
63019
33275
149092
224582
350690
123 MIN
88025
45635
69025
214606
622454
123 AVE
1181
67
107576
4320
48174
123 MAX
70460
38562
151367
267332
413722
124 MIN
70525
40118
67484
213675
512834
124 AVE
2920
165
106869
3557
61212
124 MAX
67578
38182
147332
244617
415905
MINIMUM 1
118834
61607
80753
289719
840313
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
111154
54159
89018
288462
744653
Case
121
124
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
95209
48547
90769
279289
692325
Case
124
120
113
121
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
120974
52059
204346
360898
784402
Case
115
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
119692
51546
201274
330233
752159
Case
114
124
122
124
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
110536
47952
198898
303186
670783
Case
113
121
124
122
113
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
120974
61607
204346
360898
840313
Case
115
123
123
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
8630
2113
10748
12062
306
9352
17438
1763
11103
23012
3932
12712
23304
5423
12733
23439
6504
5113
25632
7727
6880
25095
8488
3849
29319
9418
5929
28620
10034
2857
33506
10814
3555
30050
11599
6497
35846
12294
7650
35527
12774
2863
48392
123
1.350
47962
124
1.350
45233
121
1.350
17189
115
1.350
17162
114
1.350
14989
113
1.350
48392
123
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
Mres Fi_Mr
80989 100
500916
81751 104
503021
12
82561
97
501658
88677
89
557162
90730 101
599285
14
66573
95
417081
65181
85
396443
65613
98
393171
70368
93
465468 160
70760 108
413266
18
84619 250
562851 163
65854 107
412756 156
95229 246
622659 179
72416 254
525870 167
128559 246
123
1.350
122485 101
115
1.350
119715 89
114
1.350
840590 179
123
1.350
809035 14
115
1.350
759849 163
121
1.350
ECN-CX--00-077
133

38.500 m
For twist angle
Case
Fflat
Fedge
Fspan
Medge
Mflat
111 MIN
3463
15230
28657
38227
4126
111 AVE
27611
2245
42043
8113
103222
111 MAX
47789
10303
58496
55809
185712
112 MIN
3970
16666
31716
49407
29423
112 AVE
24115
1453
44728
5074
88315
112 MAX
47249
13305
59954
62253
180371
113 MIN
12411
15669
32539
54066
61434
113 AVE
19744
756
47894
2517
70236
113 MAX
47783
13969
63714
57804
178300
114 MIN
23653
17826
35119
57708
101603
114 AVE
15514
172
50811
441
52763
114 MAX
53733
15771
66129
66501
207130
115 MIN
26775
15378
35757
52897
118554
115 AVE
12004
107
51947
481
38398
115 MAX
55780
14230
66140
59145
223359
116 MIN
29817
19446
35990
52264
122602
116 AVE
9307
280
51780
992
27307
116 MAX
40122
14177
67524
72526
156892
117 MIN
31152
15366
36282
56946
136448
117 AVE
6567
287
52586
864
16085
117 MAX
38317
14826
69539
56278
145229
118 MIN
31833
16511
36545
60540
146319
118 AVE
4533
315
51936
817
7698
118 MAX
37460
16422
68083
62312
142937
119 MIN
42326
18648
35050
63945
180457
119 AVE
2261
193
51895
199
1513
119 MAX
40434
17213
68034
72211
149316
120 MIN
37264
20443
34566
56990
161328
120 AVE
654
202
51389
64
8254
120 MAX
37651
15779
69218
79849
145428
121 MIN
53316
18990
34107
73489
212090
121 AVE
1298
6
51110
862
16109
121 MAX
37695
19793
68808
75812
134475
122 MIN
36878
21081
34322
69736
173750
122 AVE
2843
8
51561
1060
22682
122 MAX
33589
18636
71293
84108
127653
123 MIN
59875
25122
32596
77315
249876
123 AVE
4550
357
51163
2519
29470
123 MAX
39933
20454
72282
94807
160528
124 MIN
49585
22930
31761
75715
207998
124 AVE
5804
270
50796
2366
34839
124 MAX
39956
20294
70756
89437
152208
MINIMUM 1
80831
33915
38687
104376
337333
Case
123
123
111
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 2
71977
30956
42816
102215
286321
Case
121
124
112
124
121
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MINIMUM 3
66940
28459
42878
99210
280797
Case
124
122
124
121
124
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 1
75302
27613
97581
127989
301535
Case
115
123
123
123
115
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 2
72539
27397
96245
120740
279625
Case
114
124
122
124
114
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
MAXIMUM 3
64516
26720
95520
113545
250711
Case
111
121
124
122
111
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
ABS. MAX.
80831
33915
97581
127989
337333
Case
123
123
123
123
123
Factor
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
Mtors
5076
1073
6077
7315
31
5523
10729
1294
5846
13679
2589
7204
13906
3496
7886
13479
4157
2327
15311
4893
3295
14690
5369
1601
17245
5927
2500
16788
6325
953
19613
6792
1529
17767
7294
1921
20008
7695
3622
21659
8028
624
29240
124
1.350
27011
123
1.350
26478
121
1.350
10647
115
1.350
9726
114
1.350
8204
111
1.350
29240
124
1.350
Fres Fi_Fr
48336
Mres Fi_Mr
99
187228
48378 102
183717
11
48320
99
181475
14
53741
91
207245
57662 105
230940
15
40377
96
157966
38330
88
146155
37823
99
149697 168
44817 251
189798 162
39597 108
167518 164
54265 259
219634 163
39580 247
177045 158
59886 91
249888 179
50728 258
211403 170
80846 91
123
1.350
77843 105
115
1.350
73258 259
121
1.350
337348 179
123
1.350
311769 15
115
1.350
296505 163
121
1.350
134
ECN-CX--00-077
APPENDIX C. FATIGUE EQUIVALENT LOAD CYCLES

In this appendix plots are given of the 1Hz fatigue equivalent load cycles for each of the normal
operation load cases and for the stops at 4m/s, 12m/s and 24m/s. Here also their contribution to the
fatigue load set is given, based on a Weibull wind distribution with an average of 9m/s and a shape
factor of 2. For the loads in the steel parts (tower and shaft) a decrement of the fatigue-relation of
1/3 is used, while for the loads in the (composite) blade a decrement of 1/10 is used. The fatigue
equivalent load cycles of the blades are calculated from the combined load time series of all three
blades.
1Hz fatigue equivalent moment [kNm]
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Tower-base side moment versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Tower-top side moment versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
ECN-CX--00-077
135
1Hz fatigue equivalent force [kN]
300
200
100
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Tower-top side force versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Tower-base tilt moment versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
136
ECN-CX--00-077
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Tower-top tilt moment versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Tower-top axial force versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
ECN-CX--00-077
137
1000
800
600
400
200
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Shaft torque versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Shaft tilt moment (1.8m behind rotor) versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
138
ECN-CX--00-077
250
200
150
100
50
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Shaft axial force (1.8m behind rotor) versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Shaft side force versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
ECN-CX--00-077
139
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Shaft vertical force versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Shaft bending moment 1 (rotating) versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
140
ECN-CX--00-077
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
Shaft bending moment 2 (rotating) versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
ECN-CX--00-077
141
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
1500
1000
500
0
300
200
100
Blade edge-wise bending moments versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
Graphs for R=1.5m, R=20m and R=35m
142
ECN-CX--00-077
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 30 35 40 45 s4 s12 s24
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Blade flat-wise bending moments versus wind speed: per load case and Weibull weighted.
Graphs for R=1.5m, R=20m and R=35m
ECN-CX--00-077
143

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MAY 2001

LOAD SET FOR

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

Aerodynamic Part of the Blade

Aerodynamic Part

4. POWER PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL

Transmission and Generator Loss

5. STRUCTURAL BLADE PROPERTIES

Blade Mass Distribution

7. LOAD CASES ANALYSED

Load Time Series

PLOTS OF LOAD TIME SERIES

EXTREME LOAD TABLES

FATIGUE EQUIVALENT LOAD CYCLES

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

2.1 Aerodynamic Part of the Blade

2.2 Element Distribution

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

2.3 Chord and Twist Distribution

2.4 Aero-acoustic Shaped Tip

Element distribution as used in PHATAS-IV

3.2 Root Sections

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

3.3 Tip Area

LMH46-5-X00 blade tip geometry and vortex distribution

4. POWER PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL

4.2 Pitch Control Algorithm

4.3 Aerodynamic Characteristics

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

From this table it follows that the optimum power coefficient is

for a tip speed

POWER PERFORMANCE AND CONTROL

4.4 Generator Characteristics

Torque at slow shaft [kNm]

Generator torque characteristics

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

4.5 Power Curves

Generator power [kW]

Stationary power curve and power curve from load set

5. STRUCTURAL BLADE PROPERTIES

Blade ice distribution

5.2 Blade Stiffness Distribution

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

Tower geometry and mode shapes

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

6.2 Blade Frequencies

Campbell diagram for the LMH46-5-X00 blades

7. LOAD CASES ANALYSED

7.2 Grid of the SWIFT Wind Files

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

7.3 Load Case Description

Fatigue load cases

Extreme load cases

LOAD CASES ANALYSED

12m/s wind with ice on 2 blades;

DLC 1.3 ECD Extreme Coherent Gust and Direction Change

DLC 1.6 EOG 50 Extreme Operating 50-year Gust

DLC 1.7 EWS Extreme Wind Shear

DLC 1.8 EDC 50 Extreme Direction Change

LOAD SET FOR NM3000 - LMH46-5-X00

DLC 2.1 NWP Faulted pitch

LOAD CASES ANALYSED