PK 4591

J3 1871

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in

2007 with funding from

IVIicrosoft

Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/dasarathajatakabOOfausuoft

THE

DA8ARATHA- JATAKA,
BEING THE BUDDHIST STORY OF

KING RAMA.
THE ORIGINAL PALI TEXT
WITH

A TRANSLATION
AND

NOTES
BY
V.

FAUSB0LL.

KOPENHAGEN.
HAGERDP.

LONDON.
TRtJBNER & CO.

PRINTED BY LOUIS KLEIN.

1871.

Price: 4 marks Danish.

PREFACE.
ready in 1860 I was preparing the following Jataka for the press, but finding that I could give only a very imperfect text, as I had but one MS. to publish it from, I laid it aside,
being dissatisfied with my task. Since that time, however, a translation of it has been published by Alwis in his Attanagalu-Vansa", Colombo 1866, and from its contents, or rather from what it does not contain, Prof. Weber has last year, in his treatise on the Ramayana (Uber das R^mayana", Berlin 1870, aus den Abhandlungen der konigl. Akademie der Wissenschaften), drawn such important inferences as to the redaction of the Ramayana
that
rature,
it

some scholars who take a lively interest in Indian liteand among them Prof. Weber himself, have deemed

necessary that the Pali original of the Dasaratha-Jataka should itself be laid before the public. This I have now been able to do through the kindness of Mr. Robert C. Childers who procured me a paper transcript of the Jataka from Ceylon, and I venture to think that my text is now as correct as the present state of MSS. and Pali scholarship will allow; but for future researches, a few difficulties are still left, such as laddhassasesu, paleturii etc., riddles which can scarcely be solved until more texts are -published, so as to give us further materials for comparison.

There are several tales in the Jataka-Book which treat of allaying sorrow. As a specimen of these, I have, in the
Appendix, given a short one, viz. the Sujata- Jataka, the introduction of which is analogous to that of the DasarathaJataka; verses 5-7 thereof are also to be found in Dhp. p. 96, and occur again in the Jataka's 365, 403, 441 and 446. From the Sutta-Nipata I have also given, in the Appendix, the Salla-Sutta which has 5 verses in common with the Dasaratha-Jataka, and I have further added the

its subject, has and of which the text now given is better, I believe, than that which is to be The Mahajanaka- Jataka is rather found in Dhp. p. 302. long, and too corrupt in our MS. to be printed from that alone, nor do I think its immediate publication absolutely necessary, as the Right Rev. Bishop P. Bigandet has already given a faithful abstract of it in his 5,Life, or Legend of Gaudama", Rangoon 1866, p. 412. With regard to the transliteration I have followed my former system except in two points: first, I have not considered it necessary to distinguish the letter h from h used only to mark the aspiration of another letter, as no confusion can take place, and so I have rejected h as illlooking; secondly, I have adopted the horizontal line ~ to denote a long vowel, that I might have the advantage of for the accentuation, and for contractions. reserving On this point I follow in the track of Baudry, Bollensen, Muir, Rosen, Subhuti, Trumpp and others. I retain m, and reject ni, with the dot under the letter,* because this makes it appear

Devadhamma-Jataka
some resemblance

which,

as

regards

to the Dasaratha-Jataka,

'

""

as

if the character belonged to the linguals. I also retain s, because the dot under it suggests the connection of this letter with the linguals.

a a, i Vowels: e Diphthongs:
Gutturals:
Palatals:
c
t

i,

u,

f,

Ir.

ai,

o au.
jh,
n,

Semi-consonants:
(5).
(s),
(1).

m,

h.

k kh, g gh, n.
ch,
j

Dentals: Linguals: Labials:

Sibilants:

dh, n, th, d dh, n, t p ph, b bh, m.

th, d
5,
s,
r,

(s),

(1).

s,
1,

h.
1,

Semivowels: y,

v.

Dhammapadam.
illustravit

Ex

tribus codicibus hauniensibus pa-

lice edidit, latine vertit, excerptis

V. Fausbiell.

ex commentario palico notisque Haunia) 1855. 4 Danish dollars.

Five Jatakas, containing a fairy Tale, a Comical Story, and Three Fables. In the Original Pali Text, with a Translation and Notes, by V. Fausboll. Copenhagen 1861. 1 dollar 3 marks Danish.

THE DASARATHA-JATAKA.
JCitba
viharanto

Lakkhana

Sita ca

ti.

Idarii

Sattha Jetavane
katbesi.

ekaiii

matapitikaiii

kutumbikarii" arabbha

So

hi

pitari kalakate*

sokabbibbuto sabbakiccani pahaya so-

kanuvattako
tassa

ahosi.

Sattba

paccusasamaye

lokam

olokento

sotapattipbalilpanissayam disva punadivase Savatthiyam''

pindaya caritva katabbattakicco bhikkbu uyyojetva ekam pac-

chasamanam gabetva

tassa

geharh

gantva

vanditva flisinnam
ti

madburavacanena alapanto socasi^ upasaka?"

bhante,

vatva ,,ama,

pitusoko
attba^

marii badbatiti"

vutte

upasaka,
pitari

poranakakalakate*
yacito

pandita

lokadbamme
pi

tatvatc/ jananta
kaririisii"
ti

appamattakam^
atitam abari:
Atlte''

sokarii

na

vatva tena

Baraiiasiyarh Dasaratba-maharaja nama

agati-

gamanarii pabaya

dbammena

rajjarh karesi.

Tassa solasannarii

ittbisabassanam jettbika*
vijayi.

aggamabesi dve putte ekafp ca dhitaram

Jettbaputto Rama-pandito abosi, dutiyo Lakkbana-kunaraa,

akasi.

maro
kalam

dbita

Sita-de\i'^

nam a.

Aparabbage aggamabesi
cirarh'* sokavasarii

Raja tassa^ kalakataya"*

tassa

gantva

amaccebi

sannapito*'

kattabbaparibararii

katva annarii^

C kiitimbikam.
C**

^
"

kalariikate.

*=

C omits Savattbiyam.
^

klm

socasi.
^

C" attbavidbe.
atlte.
'

^ C" tatbato.

C ap-

pamattakam.
^

C omits

jetthaka.

C" ekam.
"

C -devi.

C
^

nassa.

C" kalariikataya.
^

ciram.

C" cirataram.

samnapito.

amnarii.
1

aggamahesitthane thapesi.

Sa rafino' piya ahosi,

manapa.

Sapi aparabhage gabbham ganhitva laddhagabbhaparihara puttam

vijayi.

Bharatakumaro"'

ti

'ssa

namarh

kaririisu'*.

Raja put-

tasinehena bhad(ie, vararii* te dammi, ganhahiti" aha.

hitakarh

Sa ga-

katva thapetva kumarassa sattatthavassakale rajanam

,;deva,

upasamkamitva
idani 'ssa

tumhehi
ti

mayham

puttassa varo dinno,

ti.

nam

detha"

aha.
ti".

Ganha^, bhadde"

Deva,

puttassa
savasali,

me

rajjarii

detha"

Raja accharam paharitva nas-

mayham dve

putta

aggikkhandha viya
tajjesi.

jalanti^,

te

marapetva tava puttassa rajjam yacasiti"

Sa bhita

sirigabbham pavisitva annesu'^ divasesu rajanam

rajjam

punappuna^
cintesi:

eva yaci.

Raja tassa tarn

varam adatva va

matugamo nama akatannu* mittadubhP, ayam me kutapan-

nam^ va kutalancam va katva

pakkosapetva tam
santanarii
attharii

putte ghatapeyya"

ti

so

putte

arocetva tata", tumhakarii idha vaturahe

antarayo

pi

bhaveyya,

samantarajjam^ va

araiinam*' va

gantva

mama
ti

dhumakale agantva kulasantakam

rajjam ganheyyatha"

vatva puna nemittake'^ pakkosapetva

attano ayuparicchedam pucchitva afinani^ dvadasa vassani pavattissantiti-^'^

sutva

tata^,
ti

ito

dvadasavassaccayena agantva

chattarii

ussapeyyatha"
rodanta
saddhiiii

aha.

Te sadhu"

ti

vatva

pitararii
pi-^

vanditva
bhatikehi

pasada

otarimsu.

Sita-devi'^

aham*

gamissamiti"

pitaram

vanditva

rodanti^

C ramno.
^

"^

haratha^

C" akarhsu
C
jalanta.
^

varan.

C
y

ganhahi.

C" adds vatva.

^

C amnesu.

C" C*

punappunam.
kutapakkham.
tata.
*

C akatamnu.
C

^ both MSS. mittadubhi.

" both

ghatapeyyasi, C" ghateyya.

'^

MSS
tata.

C" gamantaram.
*

C ararhnam.
MSS.
Q" omits

C" nimittake brah^

mane.
^

amfiarh.

both
^

pavattissatiti.
pi.

C"

-devi.

C aham.

both

MSS.

rodanti.

nikkhami^

Te*" tayo pi" mahajanaparivara** nikkhamitva

maha-

janarii nivattetva

anupubbena Himavantarh pavisitva sampanno-

dake sulabhaphalaphale padese assamarh mapetva phalaphalena

yapenta^ vasimsu.

Lakkhana-pandito

pana

Sita

ca

Ramatasma

panditam

yacitva tumhe

amhakarh

pitutthane

thita,

assame yeva hotha,

sessama''
(lito
ti

mayam phalaphalam

aharitva

tumhe po-

patinnam'^ ganhimsu.

Tato patthaya Rama-pantarii

tatth'

eva

hoti.

Itare''

phalaphale^ aharitva

patijag-

giiiisu.

Evarn tesam phalaphalena yapetva vasantanam Dasa-

ratha-maharaja puttasokena navame samvacchare kalam akasi.

Tassa

sarlrakiccam

karetva

devi'
ti

attano

puttassa Bharata-

kumarassa chattam ussapetha"

aha.

Amacca pana

chatta-

samika aranne" vasantiti" na adaiiisu^ Bharata-kumaro

bhatararii Rama-panditarii

mama

aranna"^ anetva

chattam ussapessa-

miti" panca rajakakudhabhandani gahetva caturafiginiya senaya

tassa
vasanatthanaiii

patva avidure

khandhavararh nivaretva^

katipayehi amaccehi
ca
arafinarii^

saddhim Lakkhana-panditassa ca Sitaya

assamapadarii
pavisitva

gatakale

assamapada-

dvare

sutthuthapitakancanarupikarh'^

viya

Rama-panditarii

nirasakarii
thito

sukhanisinnam upasaiiikamitva vanditva ekamantaih

saddhirh
soci

ranno^ pavattim arocetva

amaccehi padesu pa-

titva rodi".

Rama-pandito n'eva

na

rodi*,

indriyavika-

ramattarii pi ^ssa nahosi.

Bharatassa pana roditva nisinnakale

sayanhasamaye
pandito cintesi
:

itare

dve phalaphalam adaya agamirhsu*. Rama-

ime dahara, mayham viya pariganhanapafina'^

'

C" nikkhanta.

"^

C omits

te.

"

C addsjana.
**

C maha-

parivara.
*

^ C" yapento.
*

patiriifiam.

C* adds dve.

C" phalaphalam.

C"

devi.
^

C aramne.

C" nadamsu.
*

'

aramfia, C arannato.

C" katva tattha nivasetva.

^

C
C"

aramfiam,
rodati.
*

^ C" thapitakancanarupakarii.

C ramno,
-pamfia.
1

"

C" paridevi.

'^

C* alapimsu.

etesaih
turii-^

n'atthi,

sahasa

'pita

te

mato*

ti

vutte

sokarii

dharete

asakkontanam hadayam
otaretva
etarn

pi

tesam phaleyya, upayena

savessamiti^".

udakaih

pavattim

Atha

nesaiii

purato ekam udakatthanam

idarii

dassetva tumhe'' aticirena agata,

imarii

vo
ti

dandakammam

hotu,

udakarii otaritva tittha-

tha*"

upaddhagatharii tava aha:

1" Etha

Lakkhana

Sita ca,
ti.

ubho otaratliodakan"

Tass^attho: ,,ethaLakkhaiia Sita ca", agaccantu, ubhopiotharatha

imarii-^

udakan*'

ti.

Te ekavacanena^
pavattim arocento

otaritva

at-

thaiiisu.

Atha nesam
aha

tairi^

sesaiii

upaddha-

gatham

1^ Ev^yarii Bharato aha:

'raja

Dasaratho mato'''

ti.

Te

pitu

matasasanarii

sutva

va visanna"*
ahesun
ti.

ahesurii.

Puna

pi

nesam

kathesi, puna*^ visanna"^

Evarh yavatatiyam

visannitaiii''

patte

te

amacca ukkhipitva udaka niharitva ladnisi-

dhassasesu(?).

Sabbe^ afinamannam* roditva paridevitva

cintesi:

dimsu.

Tada Bharata-kumaro

mayham

bhata Lak-

khana-kumaro' bhaginf ca Sita-devi* pitu matasasanam sutva

va sokam sandharetum na sakkonti",
socati*'

Rama-pandito pana na

na paridevati,
ti

kin
tarii

nu kho c/assa^ asocanakaranarii,

pucchanto dutiyarii gatham aha:

pucchissami nan"

so

C* vo.
*

f C" sandharetum.
titthata.
"^

C" arocessamiti.
^

C" adds

va.
^

C" omits

iraarii.

C" ekavacaneneva.
pi te.
*
""

C"

pitu.

(y-

visanni,

C visamna.
^'

"
te

C adds
sabbe.
'

C"

omits this word

C visamnitam.
ca.
'

C"

C amna

mamnarh.
asakkonti.

C^ adds

C bhagini.
^

C -devi.

*"

C" neva

soci.

C kho

tassa.

2.

,,Kena

Rama

ppabhavena^'

socitabbarti
pitararii

na socasi,

kalakatarh^ sutva

na

tarn

pasahate* dukhan^"

ti.

Tattha

pabhavena"

ti

anubhavena; na tarn pasahate*

tarn
ti.

ti

evaruparii

dukham kena karanena

kathehi tava nan''

na

pileti,

kirn te aso-

canakaranaiii,

Ath' assa Rama-pandito

attano asocanakaranam kathento**

3.

Yam

na sakka paletum*

posen^lapitari/ bahum,
sa kissa^ vinnu'* medhavl*

attanam upatapaye.

4.

Dahara ca

hi vuddha-^ ca

ye bala ye ca pandita
addha* c'eva daUdda^ ca,
sabbe raaccuparayana.

5.

Phalanam iva pakkanam

niccam papatana"* bhayaiii,
evarh jatanam" maccanarii

niccam maranato bhayaiii.

y C**

sabhavena.

^
*

C kalamkatam. C" sabhavena.

* C" sahassate.
*

both

MSS. dukkhan.
'^

C* sahassate dukkhan.
^

C* no.
^

C
C"
^

adds aha.
takissa.
^
^

C" nipaletum.
virhnu.
*

sattanarii

lapatarh.
?"

both
"*

MSS. medhavi.

iiddha.

C addho.

C dalidda.

papatato, C pa-

tanato.

C jatana.

6.

Sayam eke na

dissanti

pato dittha bahujjana,

pato eke na dissanti

sayarh dittha bahujjana.

7.

Paridevayamano ce
kancid attham udabbahe

sammulho^ hirhsam"' attanam,

kayira^ c'enarh* vicakkhano.

8.

Kiso vivanno bhavati

hiihsam attanam attano,

na tena peta

palenti,

nirattha paridevana**.

9.

Yatha saranam adittam

varina parinibbaye*,

evam

pi

dhiro sutava

medhavi' pandito naro

khippam uppatitam

sokaiii,

vato tularii" va, dharhsaye.

10.

Eko va macco"

acceti

eko va jayate kule,

sannogaparama tv-eva*

sambhoga^ sabbapaninam.

"

C" sammulho.

""

C" hisam.

C" kayira.

C venam. me-

paridevata.
"

C" varina va nibbapaye.

*'

^ both MSS.
'

dhavi.

tularii.

C" macco eko va.

^

C samnogapara-

mattheva, C" samyogaparamatvevarii.

C" saiiibhoga.

11.

Tasma

hi dhirassa bahussutassa,

sampassato lokam
annaya'^ dhammarii,

imam paran

ca,

hadayam manafi

ca

soka mabantapi na tapayanti.

12.

So

'harh'^

dassan^ ca bhokkhan" ca,

bharissami* ca natake,
sesarii

sampalayissami*',
evarii'^

kiccam

vijanato"

ti

mabi^ gatbahi aniccataiii pakasesi.

khitum, lap i tan''
Bharata,
ti*

Tattha

paletun^
vuttaiii

ti^

raktata

lapantanaiii-'',

idam

boti

yam

sattanam jivitam

bahum

pi

vippalapantanam*
so"*

purisanarii ekenapi'^

'ma

upacchijjiti^'

na sakka rakkhitum

dani madiso attba

lokadhamme

tatvato" jananto
sattesu

vinnu" mematesu kissa

dhavi^ panditomaranapariyosanajivitesu'^

attanam upatapaye, kimkarana anupakarena*" sokadukkbena

attanaih santapeyya"
esa,
ti;

dahara ca

ti

gathaya* maccu nam^

tata Bbarata,

n*eva suvannarupakasadisanarh daharanam'

khattiyakumarakadinaili,

na vuddhippattanam mabayodbanam,
na buddbadmam"' panditanam,

na
na'^

balanarii" puthujjanasattanam^,
cakkavattiadinarii^' issaranarii,

na nirasanavasananaiii^ da-

C amnaya.

abarh.
'^

C" yasan.

"

C bhogan.
^
^

*C
etaiii.

bbariya,
*

C" bhariyapi.
^
*

C saiimialayissami. C* nipaletun.
lapannanaih.

C"

C" adds dasabi. C" lapataih.

^

paleturii,
ni.

Q m.
saiii.
"*

^
^

Q
**

lapitan,

^
^

vilapantanarii.

C" ekenapi.
tatbato.

C" na

paccbijjitu.

C" poso.

C
C

tatvato,

C*

vimnii.
^

^ both

MSS. medhavi.
*

maranapariyosanejlvitesu.
*

both MSS. anupakarena.

"

C
C"

gatba.

C" omits daharanam.

""

C" omits na

balanarii.
^

putbusattanarii.
vattiyadinarii.
^

C adds

na.

' C" omits na.

C" cakka-

nirasavasananarii.

8
liddanam^
lajjati,

sabbe

p'

ime

satta

maccupaiayana,
ti

maranamukhe sambhagga" bhavanti yeva"

vuttarh;

dassanattharii

papatana

ti^

patanato*, idarh vuttarh hoti: jjatha'*,

phalanarii pakkakalato patthaya Mdani

tata Bharata,

pakkanam

vanta chijjitva^ patissanti, idani patissantiti' patanato bbayarh^

niccaih

dhuvam ekamsikam eva

evamjatanam maccanam
atthi-'

bhavati^,
pi

evarii

asarhkaniya-

bhavato'^

ekamsikam yeva marava'^

nato bhayarh*, na h'

so

khano valayo
bhaveyya"
ti;

yattha tesam
ti

maranaiti na

asariikitabbaih^

say an

vikale

imina

rattibhage"*

ditthanaiii

divasabhage"

divasabhage

ca
ti

ditthanam*'
'pita

rattibhage

adassanarii dipeti;
ti

kancid^ atthan

me

putto

me'

adihi

paride vay amano'^ ce^ poso

kilamanto appamattakam pi

sammulho
attharii*

attanaiii

himsanto

ahareyya^;

kayira"

c'enaiii"

vieak khano

ti"^

atha

pandito puriso^ paridevam kareyya, yasma pana^ paridevanto

mataiii va anetiim afifiam va tassa

vaddhim
pandita

katurii

na sakkoti

tasma

niratthakatta
ti

paridevitassa

na

paridevanti^

attanam attano
himsanto;

attano attabhavam sokaparidevadukkhena

ti

n a ten a

tena

paridevena paralokam gata satta

ti

na

palenti
ayarii

na yapenti"; nirattha
paridevana niratthaka;

tasma tesam matasattati

nam

a ran an

nivasageham,

<*

both MSS. daliddanam.

lajjati.

"

C" sambhaggaviti.
'^

bhagga,
^

C sambhagga.
hi.

C" omits papatana

C"
jijjitva.
'

C" adds
^

ti.

C* adds

C
^
^

pijjitva,

^ C tesam.

both

MSS.
*

bhavanti.

C" asamganiyato.
C asamkitabbam.

C bhaye.
"^

C
ca.

natthi.
"
^
'

adds ya.

C*^

adds

C
C" C"
ti,

omits divasabhage, C" adds ca aditthanarh.

kincid.

dittha.

C" paridevamano.
"
*

'^

C" va.
""

C*

adds na.
"^

adds na kareyya.
y
**

C" kayira.
na.

cetaiii.
*

omits

C" adds evam.

amnarii.

C" paridevantiti.

C" omits na yapenti.

9
idarh

\uttam hoti: yatha pandito puriso attano vasan;igare

ghatasahassena
uppatitarii-^
varina''

aditte''

pajjitva'' ^?)

nam''

nibbapayat'

eva,
tularii

evarh

dhiro

sokarii

khippam^ nibbapaye.
evaih
ti

ya ca vato yatha
Ihamsayeyya-^
rata,
ti

thaturii'*

na* sakkoti

dhamsaye vidBha-

attho;

eko va macco'^

ettha, tata

ime

satta

kammassaka nama,

tatha hi paralokarii gacchanto

satto

eko va acceti^ atikamati,

khattiyadikuie.

jayamano

pi

eko va gantva jayati;

gavasena" 'ayarh

tattha tattha pana*" natimittasamyo-

me

pita ayarii

mata

ayarii

mitto*

ti

saiiiyopara-

gaparama tv-eva sambhoga sabbapaninam,

matthena

pana

tisu''

bhavesu kammassaka^
sattanam
ito

v'ete

satta" ti*;

tasma

ti^

yasma

tesarii*

natimittasariiyogam* natiannaiii*'

mittaparibhogam" thapetva

paraiii

n'atthi

tasma

sampassato* iman^ ca paran^

eva

csl^ lokarii

nanabhavavinabhavam
ti

samma

passato^,
janitva,

anfiaya"
hadayaiii

kadhammam
yam
pi*^

dhamman manan capi^

atthavidhaloidarh

ubha-

cittass*

eva namam, idarh vuttarh hoti:

Labho alabho ayaso yaso^ ca

ninda* pasarhsa-^ ca siikhan ca dukkharh^
ete anicca

manujesu dhamma,
ti

ma
*

soca kirn socasi Potthapada"

aditto.
*

"

C* mahantam pi vosanarh anapajjitva. C* omits narh.

^
-^

'^

C"
C"

varipanina.

both
*

MSS.

uppattitarh.
^
"*

khippam

eva.
^

C" santhaturh.
accetl.
pi.
ti.
^

omits na.
accayeti.

C* vidC" puna.
*

dharhseyya.
"

C" adds
'^

C
p
*

C -sarhyogena.
**

C adds

C kammassa.
etesarh.
"
*

adds attho.
vegarh.
"
y

C" omits tasma

C"

-sarh^

C" natimittaparibhogamittam.
C" imarh.

arhnarh.

C"
ca.

adds
*

pi.

C" pararh, C para.

^

C omits
pi.

passanto.

arhnaya.

C*

ca.
^

C" omits

C"

yaso ayaso. C'nindarh. -^C^pasariisan.

C" sukharh dukkhaiica.

10
imesarii

atthannarii
?)

lokadhamnianaiii
aniccatarii

yena temx^

cittena

na-

yanti tassa* ca(-

natva thitassa dhirassa pitiputtahadayaiii

maranadivatthukapp mahanta'^ soka

etarii

na

tapayantiti,

va^

atthavidharii

lokadhammam natva
soka

thitassa

hadaya-

vatthun ca nianaii ca mahantdpi

ettha attho datthabbo;
ti

na

tapayantiti"^,

evam
ca"
ropitu

so harii dassan ca

gathaya** tata Bharata, andhabalasattanarii^' viya

bhokkhan mama

danam*

paridevanaiii

nama

n^nucchavikarii^,

aham* pana

accayena tassa thane thatva kapanadinam* danaiii thanantara-

rahanam thanantaram yasarahanam yasarh

dassami",

pitara*'

me

paribhuttanayena issariyam bhunjissami,

natake^ posespalayissami^/,

sami,

avasesan ca attano parijanadikarii janarh

dhammikasamanabrahmananarii
karissamiti"
kiccan'^
ti
;

dhammikarakkhavaranaguttim*
panditapurisassa anurupa-

evam

hi

vijauato
imarh^

attho.

Parisa

Rama-panditassa" aniccataTato Bha-

pakasanirii dhammadesanaiii^ sutva nissoka ahosi*'.

rata-kumaro'^ Rama-panditarh
ticchatha"-^
ti

vanditva 5,Baranasi-rajjam^ pa-

aha.

Tata. Lakkhanan ca Sita-devin ca gahetva

ti.

gantva

rajjarii

anusasatha"

,,Tumhe pana^ deva"

rajjarii

ti.

Tata,

mama
^ ^

pita

'dvadasavassaccayendgantva'*

kareyyasiti*'

C" kenaci.

C"
^

tan.

C"

pitu puttassa maranadivatthuka.

pi.
"^

C" mahantapi.

C"

evarii

C tapayauti.

"

C so

harh yasan ca bhogan ca.

ianaiii
*

C" yathayan.
^

^ C" andhaba*

sattanarii.
,

C" rodana.

C" na anu-.
**

C" aharh.
dassamlti.

C
C

kapanadinarii
tara.

C" adds danarahanam.

^
"^

C
"^

* C" adds ca.

C* palessami,

C -varana^

guntiih,

C" -varanagutti.

C" anuruparii kiccan.

*

ima,
^

idarh.

C* omits Rama.
-kumarena.
adds
kirii.
*=

C
C"

-pakasanadham-.
^

ahesurii,

C"
^

C
^

Baranasi-.

C" sariipa-

ticchatha.

C*

-dvadasavassaccayena

agantva.

C"

kareyyaslti.

11

raaih avoca, aharh idan' eva gacchanto tassa

vacanakaro nama

na homi-',
raiti".

annani'^

pana'

tliii

vassani

atikkamitva agami^sa-

,,Ettakam
ti.

kalaiii

ko

rajjaih karessattti."
ti.

Tumhe
hi

ka-

rotha"

Na mayarh" karessama"

Tena

yava

mama

agamana ima paduka karessantiti" attano tinapaduka

omuncitva adasi.
panditam*
Tini

Te tayo

pi jana^

paduka gahetva Rama-

vanditva

mahajanaparivuta Baraiiasim agamariisu.

sariivaccharani*"

paduka rajjam

karesuiii.

Amacca

tina-

paduka

rajapallaiiike thapetva attarii vinicchinanti.

Sace* dub-

binicchito

hoti

paduka

annamannam'

patihannanti".

Taya
paduka

safinaya"

puna

vinicchinanti.

Sammavinicchitakale

nissadda sannisidanti.

Rama-pandito* tinnam* samvacchara-

nam accayena

aranna^ nikkhamitva Baranasinagaram^ patva*^

uyyanarii pavisi. Tassagatabhavam^ natva

kumara amaccaparivuta

uyyanarh gantva Sitam aggamahesim katva ubhinnam pi abhisekaih

karirhsu."
Evarii

abhisekappatto

Mahasatto alamkata-

rathe thatva

mahantena parivarena nagaram pavisltva padak-

khinam katva Sucandaka-pasadavarassa mahatalam abhiruyha^

tato patthaya solasavassasahassani

dhammena

rajjarii

karetva*^

saggapadarh*^ puresi.

Dasavassasahassani
satthivassasatani ca

^
"*

C" vacanakaro nahosi.

arhnani.

pana,

C*

pi.

C" karetha.

C omits na C
pivijana.
*

mayaiii,
*

C" na mayham.
""

C"

mamagamana.
hi. "
C*
*

omits Rama.
"

C" adds

C omits
naya,
-si-.
*

sace.

ariinan^amnarii.

patihamnanti.
"

C samnaya.
"^

* C" tinnaih.
^
""

arariina.

both
C** ^
C**

MSS.

C gantva.

C" tassa agamanabhavarii.

C" karitva aynpariyosane.

akariisu.

C" abhiruhi.

saggapuram.

12

kambugivo* mahabahu

Ramo
ayarh

rajjam akarayiti
tarn

abhisambnddhagatha^
ti

attharh

dipeti.^

Tattha

kambugivo*
ti

suvannalihasagivoC?)''

suvannam

hi

kambun*

viiccati.

Sattha imarh-^
- saccapariyosane

desanam'' aharitva^ jatakaiii

samodhanesi:

kutumbiko sotapattiphale

patitthahi'" -

Tada

Dasaratha-maharaja Suddhodana-maharaja" ahosi, mata Mahamaya,'' Sita

Rahula-mata

Bharato Anando,

Lakkhano Sari-

putto,

parisa

Buddha-parisa,

Rama-pandito^

aham

e\a

ti.

Dasaratha-jatakaiti.*

C*

kaiiibuglvo.

C<*

abhisaihbuddha-.
'

^
^

C pakaseti.
idarii.
"*

C" suvannalingasadisagivo.
^

C"

kaiiibCi.

C"

C*

dharamadesanam.
thasi.

C* adds saccani pakasetva.

^

C" patit^ C*

"

C" sirisuddhodana-.
*

C" mahamayadevi.

adds pana.

C" adds sattaraam.

13

THE DASARATHA-BIRTH.
,,^^01116
(while)

La kk ha
living
at

11

and Sit a."

This the Master related,

a

Jetavana,
For
he,

concerning

householder
father

whose

father had died.

grief,

when

(his)

was dead,
slave to
w^orld

overcome with
grief.

abandoned

all

work and became a

The Master,

at the time of

dawn, surveying the

and seeing

his (the householder's) happiness in (the possession

of) the fruits of the state of a sotapanna, after walking about

in Savatthi

on the following day,

and

after

holding
(with

(his)

re-

past,

sent

away

the

bhikkhus,

and taking

him only)

one samana
house.
after

as an attendant, went to his (the householder's)

Accosting in

a mild

voice

him who had

sat

down

bowing

(to

the Master), he said: ,,dost

yes,

thou grieve,
Lord, grief for

upasaka?'^ and having been answered:

(my) father oppresses me," he rejoined:

of old the

upasaka, the sages

(of
life),

knowing thoroughly the

(of

eight realities
died,

when

father

any of them) had

did

not in the least

grieve,"

and (when)

called on by him he

told a story:

In (times) past (there lived) in

Bar an a si

a great king.
life

Dasaratha byname,
reigned with justice.

(who) after abandoning a reckless

His queen (who was) the head-wife of

(unto him)
the sage

16000 women bore

two sons and one daughter.

by name, the second the

The

elder son

was

Rama
Tlie

prince

La k khan a,

the daughter the princess

king,

Sita by name.
she was dead,

Afterwards the queen died.

when

14
after

having for a

long

time

given
to

way

to

the

sway of

sorrow (was at length) brought

(and)

reason by (his) ministers,

when he had performed

the necessary funeral ceremo-

nies he set another in the place of queen.

She became dear

(and) pleasing to the king.

She afterwards having conceived and

having gone through the ceremonies (on occasion) of her conception,

bore a son. They named him prince

Bharata. From
I

love

to (this)

son the king said: (my) dear,

grant thee a boon,

it

accept

it."

She having accepted

(it,

but) leaving

in

abey-

ance (for a while), at the time, when the prince was (about)
seven
(or)

eight

years

(old)

went

to

the

king and

said:

Lord,
grant
it

a boon was conferred by you upon

him."

my

son,

now

Take

(it,

my)

dear."

Lord, give the kinghis fingers

dom

to

my

son."

The king snapping

,,

(angrily at

her) reprimanded (her saying):

wretched outcast,my two sons

shine like masses of

to thy son after

fire,

thou askest (me to give) the kingdom

having put them both to death."

She (was

at first)

terrified

(and) entered the inner apartment, (but) on

subsequent days she again and again asked the king for the

kingdom.
thought:

The

king,

however,
as
(well)

not granting

her that
ungrateful

boon,
(and)

women,

known,

are

treacherous, this one either by writing false letters or by resorting to

mean

bribery will have

(liis)

my

sons killed," (and) so

having summoned
said)
:

sons (and) told them the matter (he

to)

(my)

dears, if
(in

you (continue

live here,

there

may

be obstacles

your way), go (therefore)

forest,

to

a neighbouring

kingdom or

to the

come back

at time of

my

funeral

pyre and seize upon the paternal kingdom," (and) so having

said,

after again calling the astrologers

and asking (them) the

limit of his life,

and hearing that another twelve years would

pass (before his death) he said: 55(my) dears, after the lapse
of twelve

years

(hence)

return

and raise the (royal) urn-

15

brella."

They

said vvelV'

bowed

to

(their)

father and de-

scended from the palace weeping.

.,1

The

princess Sita (saying)

too will

go away with my dear

brothers,"

bowed

to her

father

and went out weeping. by

a
the

These three having gone out

(of people),

surrounded
sending

multitude

and

having,
the

after

back

multitude,

gradually

entered

Himawater

vanta, built

a hermitage in a region abounding with

fruits

(and)

where various kinds of

resided
(there)

were easily
on
fruits.

to

be had,
sage

and

subsisting
Sita,

The

Lakkhana, however, and

(said)
:

demanding of the sage Rama

therefore do

you
the

stand

in

our father's place,

you

stay

at

hermitage,

we

will

bring

fruits

and nourish

you," and so they took (his) promise.

the

From
others

that

(moment)
fruits

sage

Rama

remains

there.

The

brought

and watched
living

over him.
the

(While) they were residing (there),

king

on

fruits,

great

Dasaratha ended his days

(after their de-

from sorrow for

parture).

his sons in

the ninth year

Having
:

finished

the

funeral

rites

over

him the

queen said

Raise the umbrella for

(said):

my

son, prince Bharata."

But the ministers

the masters of the umbrella live in

it.

the forest, (and) so (they) did not allow

rata (saying to himself): I
will bring

The

prince

Bha-

my

brother the sage

(for

Rama
the

from the forest and raise the umbrella

royal
insignia,

him)," took

five

reached with a

four-fold
at

army

his

dwelling-place, and after halting the

army

a short distance

entered the hermitage with a few attendants at a time,

the sage

when

Lakkhana and
the

Sita

had gone

to the

forest.

Having
ease

approached
without

sage
at

Rama,
door

who was
of
the
(to

sitting

at

and

desires

the

hermitage like a fixed

golden statue, and having

bowed

him) and, while standing

he
fell

apart, told the tidings of the

(his)

king('s death),

down

at

feet

together

with the attendants and wept.

The sage

16

Rama

neither

grieved

nor

wept,

there

was not

even

the

slightest
sitting

commotion of

his senses.

While Bharata was thus

weeping, the other two at the evening-time came back

fruits.

bringing (with them) various kinds of

(Then) the sage

Rama

thought

These are young, they have no discriminative

I

understanding, as
father
is

have;
will

if

on a sudden they are

able
to

told:

'your

dead,'

they

not be
;

bear the
I will

sorrow,
get them

(but) their hearts will break

to

by some means
I

go

down

into the water

and (then)

will tell
in

(them) these

tidings."
said)
:

Then showing them a pool

this

front of

them (he

At length you have come,

into
this

be your punishment,

go

down

water and stay (there," and) so (having

(first)

said)
1 a.

he at the same time pronounced the

half-stanza

,,Come Lakkhana and

both go

Sita,

down

into the water."

call,

They,

at

(his)

mere

went down and

stayed

(there).

Then

telling

them those

tidings,

he pronounced the (other)

half-stanza
1 b.

Thus says

this

Bharata:
is

'The king Dasaratha

dead'."
father's death, they

Hearing the tidings of

sensible.
sensible.

(their)

became

in-

He

again told them,

for

(and)

they

again became in-

Thus

the third time having

become

insensible,

the attendants raised

them

up,

took (them) out of the water

all

and comforted (them).

menting.

They

sat

mutually crying and la-

Then

prince Bharata thought:

sister

my

brother prince
ti-

Lakkhana and (my)

princess Sita, having heard the

are

dings of (their) father's death,

not able to restrain their not (and) laments not,

I will

sorrow,

but

the

sage

Rama mourns

what can be the reason of

(and) so asking

his not mourning,

ask him,"

him he pronounced

the second stanza:

17

2.

By what

strength (of mind), o

Rama,
be mourned; dead

dost thou not

mourn what

is

to

having heard (that thy) father

(is)

pain does not overwhelm thee."

Then

the

sage Rama,

telling

him

the

reason

of

his

not

mourning, (said)

3.

What cannot be
by man, even
if

preserved

much

bewailed.

for such a thing's sake

distress himself.

why

should the intelligent (and)

[wise (man)

4.

For both the young and the

(those)

old,

who

(are) foolish

and (those) who (are) wise,

both the rich and the poor,

all

(are) tending to death.

5.

As

ripe fruits
falling,

always are in danger of

so born mortals

always are

in

danger of death.

6.

In the evening

some are not seen (any more)

(although) in the morning

(and) in the morning

many were many were

seen;

some are not

seen,
seen.

(although) in the evening

7. If

by lamenting

the fool

who

(only) injures himself,

gains anything,
let the

wise (man) do the same, too.

18
8.

(But) he (only) becomes lean (and) sallow,

(while) injuring his

own

self,

(and) the dead are not saved,

lamentation (therefore)

is

of no avail.

9.

As a house on
is

fire

exstinguished by water,

so also the pensive, well informed,

intelligent,

wise

man
arisen sorrow

rapidly drives

away

as the wind a tuft of cutton.

10.

Alone a mortal passes away,

alone he
is

born in a family;
all

but the enjoyment of

beings

has association for

its

highest (aim).

11.

Therefore sorrows,
the heart and

even

if

they be great, do not rack

mind of the wise (and) learned (man),

sees through this world and the next

of him,
after

who

having known the law.

12. I

however

will give

and enjoy,

and

I will maintain

(my)

relations,

the rest I will protect;

such

is

a wise (man^s) vocation;*'

(and) thus by these stanzas he elucidated the uncertainty (of

all

things).

The assembly having heard

sage Rama,
free

this religious disall

course
things),

of the

elucidating the uncertainty (of

became
to

from

sorrow.

Then

prince

Bharata

bowing
ranasi."

the sage

Rama,
take

said:

accept the kingdom of BaSita

^(My)

dear,

Lakkhana and the princess

19
and go
dear,

and

rule

the kingdom."
'after

But you, Lord?"

),(My)

my

father said to me,

rule*,
if I

the lapse of twelve years

I shall

then

come and

go

now

not
I

fulfil

his words,

but having passed three years

shall reign during that

more

(here)

will

come."

Who
shall

time?"

Do you
these

reign."

,,We

not."

Well

then, until

my

return

shoes shall reign,"

so (saying)

he

took off his

straw-shoes and

gave (them to

Bharata).

Those three persons, having taken the shoes and

bowed

to the sage

Rama, went

to BaranasI,

surrounded by a

multitude

(of

people).
after

For three years the shoes reigned.

placing
If
it

The

ministers,

the

straw-shoes

on

the

royal

couch, consider the case.

strike against

be badly considered, the shoes

this sign

each other.
(the case).

(Taking warning) by

they
is

again

consider

At the time
sit

when

the

case

duly considered the shoes

together noiselessly.

The sage
forest,

Rama

at

the end of three years

city of

went out of the

entered

and

on reaching the

Baranasi

the Park.

Having

learned his arrival the princes,

surrounded by the ministers,

went

to the

Park, and after making Sita queen they anointed

them both. Thus having received the (royal) unction, Mahasatta standing

on an adorned chariot, entered the

city

with a

large retinue, and after a reverential salutation having ascended

the upper story of the magnificent palace Sucandaka, he

that time reigned with justice during

from

16000

years,

and (then)

went

to heaven.

During ten thousand years

and
sixty centuries

the fine-necked and great- armed

Rama
This stanza by him
strates the matter.

reigned."

who possessed

universal knowledge illu-

2*

20

The Master having given

jataka thus:

this instruction,

summed up

the

at

the

end

of the
in

(exposition

of the four)

truths the householder remained

(possession of) the fruits

of

sotapanna

At

that

time the great

king Dasaratha

was the great king Suddhodana, the mother (of Rama) Mahamaya, Sita the mother of Rahula, Bharata Ananda, Lakkhana
Sariputta, the assembly

the

assembly of Buddha,

(and)

the

sage

Rama

myself.

The Dasaratha-Birth.

NOTES.
To
constitute the text of this Jataka I

have had two Singha-

lese MSS., viz.

Codd. Orient,

Mr. Childers

ofCopenhagen described in Westergaard's p. 36 (C), and a Paper Transcript which has kindly procured for me from Ceylon (C").
that
the

The

text

of

former being evidently the older,

have
to in-

founded

my

edition

on

that,

and

have not ventured

text,

troduce the ameliorations of the latter into the

excepting

only double-nasals instead of anusvara and a nasal.

Matapitika,
written

so both MSS.;
i,

it

ought,

suppose, to be
of Jataka

with
I

short

but as the Burmese MS.

reads matapittika
(S.
I

346 which
to
alter
it.

give below,

have not dared

in

Kutumbika
kutimbika.
I

kutumbin)
is

is

Pali

some-

times

written

Kalakata
to

sometimes written

kalamkata which
in

suppose

be an innovation.
I

Upanissaya,
in

my

translation of this

word

have followed Clough who

renders
p.
it

his Singhalese Dictionary (see upanigraya)

piness, fortune."

by

,,

hap-

By Tumour (Mahawanso

36,4)

it is

translated

perfection in

piety", otherwise pp. 24. 34. Alwis (Attanagalu,,

Vansa

p.

175) renders the passage:

to attain the paths.*'

perceived that this person

was predestined

But should not the word

: ;

21

rather

mean:
it
I

confidence,

tirin

belief,

security?

To show
70:

the

use

ol*

quote

the

following

passages,
patte

Jat.

evarii

tasmirii

arahattam
:

(MS. arahantam)

dhammasabhayam

katha udapadi
tassa)
turii

avuso, evarupassa
sati

nama

arahattassa (MS. aran-

upanissaye

ayasma Cittahattha-Sariputto chakkhatti

;

uppabbajito, aho mahadoso puthujjanabhavo

Jat.

41

pacchimabhavikasattarii na sakka nasetuiii, antoghate dipo viya

hi 'ssa
Jat.

hadaye arahattassa

upanissayo

jalati

(MS.

jalani)

461:

Brahmalokam gantva Baka-brahmuno (MS. -no)

ditthirii

bhinditva dasannariiBrahnia-sahassanarh arahattam adasi,

s

anusariivaccharam tisu Mancalesu carikaiii caramano u p a n i

sayasampannanarh manussanam saranani c^eva

phalani ca
deti.

silani

ca
p.

magga399,ii.

See further Dhp.

p.

79,i9-2o,

and

Uyyojetva, comp. Five

Jat. p. 10,4

from the bottom.

Attha

lokadhamma, Alwis (Attanag. p. 176): the eightfold realities of life". Maharajal have in my Two Jatakas (Journal of R. A" emperor", see S. New Series vol. 5 p. 1) wrongly translated Westergaard^s 0m de indiske Kejserhuse fra det 4-10. AarAgatigamana, comp. Clough's Singh. Diet. hundrede p. 7.
.,

In elucidation of this

word

quote the beginning of Ganda-

tinduka-jataka: Atite pana Kampilla-ratthe Uttarapancala-nagare

Paficalo

nama

raja

agatigamane
Ath*
assa

thito

adhammena
sabbe
pi

pamatto

rajjarii

karesi.
Balipilita

amaccadayo

adhammika

jata.

(MS. -pi-) ratthavasino (MS. -va-)

puttadare adaya ararhfie miga viya carimsu. Gamatthane

gamo

nama na

hosi.

Manussa rajapurisabhayena diva gehe vasitum

na sakkonti, gehani kanthakasakhahi parikkhipitva arune (MS.

-ne) uggacchante

yeva ararhnaiii pavisanti.

cora.

Diva rajapurisa

vilumpanti,

rattirii

Tada Bodhisatto bahinagare gandaanusarhvacchararii

labhati.
etc.

tindurukkhe devata

hutva nibbatti,

rarhno
cintesi:

santika sahassagghanakarh

balikammarii

So

ayam

raja

pamatto

sakalarattham vinassati

Parihara

22
comp.
tassa
Jat.

447:

aparabhage

Bodhisatto

matari

kalakataya

sariraparihararii
gato.
Jat,

katva

Karandakarh assamapadaiii
patitthitabhavam

nama
rariifio

530:

sa

gabbhassa

natva

arocesi.
p.

Raja (MS. raja) gabbhaparihararii dapesi;

comp. Dhp.
Edition v.

78,6; pJ20,i5. According to Abhidhana (Subhuti's

1002)
it

parihara

is

--=

vajjana,

sakkara

and.

rakkhana,

must

therefore, I think, be understood concerning

to

any

act,

by which one seeks

honour another person,

in

the present case concerning certain ceremonies that have taken

place at the funeral and at the conception of the queen.

Al-

wis renders: he performed what was necessary to be done"

and

she

who

received

the

(necessary)

protection

to

the

foetus."

Gahitakaiii katva thapetva comp.

vararii

Jat.

530:

Canda-deviyapi

adasi.

Sa

gahitakam katva thatarn

pavattirii

pesi
naiii

Canda-devi (MS. -devi)

upasaiiikamitva deva, tumhehi

sutva raja-

mayham

varo dinno,

maya

ca gahita (gahito?) gahitake katva thapito, tarn

t).

me Mani

detha"

,,Ganha deviti" (MS.

Alwis:
rendered

deviti).
if

Puttassa

me

rajjam detha"

ti.

behaving as
by Clough

(she had) accepted."

Acchara
.,imam

is

(Singh. Diet.)

,jSnapping the fingers,"

comp. Wilson and B.

haritum
vattatiti".

&

R. at acchurita. Jat.

355
ti.

mma

Sadh^ avuso,

nihara"

Thero

idha vasiti"

accharam

paharitva nihari. Jat. 524: Nanda, tvam

karoti), ahaih
te patijaggis-

anovadako panditanarh vacanarii na karosi (MS.

jettho,

matapitaro
tvarii

mamam

eva bhara,

aham eva
aniiattha

sami,

idha vasiturh na lacchasi,

pahari.

yahiti" tassa

accharam
rative of

Nassa

Mr. Childers thinks to be the impe-

n as =

S.nag, and he consequently translates: perish".

rather

But

to

me

it

appears to be

an

adjective, in silence.

comp.
Jat.

S.
:

nagyat.
tarn

Alwis has passed over the word

tassa

451

sutva Bodhisatto

nassavasali

kim

kathesi,
ti

kame

sukharh

nama

kuto,

viparinamadukkha

hi

ete"

garahanto

23
sesagatha abhasi. Monatsbericht der Ak. d.

W. zu

Berlin

1859
v.

p.

331.

V as all

instead of vasall?

=S

vrsall,

Abhidhana

503

dough
450
pite

(Singh. Diet) at vasala, a

man
p.

of the lowest caste, an 143.

out-cast'^;
:

comp. dough's Pali Gram.

Sirigabbha,

Jat.

rajadhitri tarii

divasarh rattibhage supihitesu dvaresu tha-

arakkhe sattabhumakapasadavaratale alaiiikatasirigabbhe

nisidi.

ekika niccala attano silam avajjamana

Jat.

451

ath'

assa aggamahesi

ayam

raja

Paccekabuddhanam dhammakatharh

(MS.dhammariikatharii) sutva ukkanthitarQpo, amhehi saddhim

akathetva
Jat.

sirigabbham
raja
ti

pavittho, pariganhissami tava

nan"

ti.

481: atha

Sumedharii aha:

bhadde puttarh pattheatthangasamannagatarh

hiti."

Sadhu''

pannarasuposathe

uposatharii

samadaya sirigabbhe
This word seems to

silani

avajjamana kappiyathe

mancake

nisidi.

mean

same as gabbha
Abhidhana
Abhi393.
it

(see S. garbha, garbhagrha),

an inner apartment,
v.

by dough dhana
V.

p.

26 (by Subhuti
S.

214).

Matugama,
p.
v.

231,

matrgrama, see Burnoufs Lotus

In

Akatannu
is

S. akrtajna.

Dhp.

at

97 and
this

v.

383

used in a different meaning.

Mittadiibhi,
forms:

word ocmittadu;
mitta-

curs

the

following
mittadiibha;
all

different

mittaddu,

mittadubha,
dubhi,
scritic

mittadubhika,
of which

mittadubhaka;

mittadubbhi,
mitradruh,
it

correspond

with the SanI

see

B.

&

R.

and Wilson.

know not
doub-

whether

is

to

be written with a short or long

u, the

ling of the

in

one instance seems

to point to

a preceding
S. parna.

long syllable.

Alwis: envious*'.

Panna,

letter,

To show,
when

that writing

and books were

in full use at the time

the legends of the Jataka-Book

extracts:
Jat.

originated

make

the

following
akasiti"
Jat.

424:

amacca

Harita-tapaso
Jat.

evam
p. 5,9.

ranno pannarii
j.ekarii

pahinirhsu;

comp. Five

209:

pana

gatharii

bandhitva pannarii likhitva

ca
marhsaii

kakamariisarii

pacapetva

pannafi

ca setavatthena

24
palivethetva rajamuddikaya lafichetva
bhavissati
missati,

pesessami,

yadi pandito

pannarii vacetva kakamaiiisabhavarri natva agati

noce n^gamissatiti" so 5,puni.ianadin"

likhi.
Jat.

iniarii gatharii

panne

433: so aparabhage matapitunnaih accapatipajji.

yena sabbaissariyarii

AtW

ekadivasarii ratanakottha-

garani viloketva varapallarhkamajjhagato suvannapattam ahara-

petva ettakam dhanarh asiikena uppaditam, ettakam asukena"

ti

pubbafiatihi
Jat.

suvannapatte likhitani akkharani

more

disva

cintesi.

483:

Himavante catutthaya pabbatarajiya sucarati,

vannaYanno (MS. -nne)

ajaramara honti
ti"

tassa mariisaiii khaditva

suvannapatte likhapetva
akasi.

pattasara-

manjusayam thapetva kalam

Ath'

ariiiio

raja ahosi.

So

patte akkharani disva ajaramaro bhavissamiti" tassa gahanat-

thaya (MS. gahana-)

ekarii

luddarii

pesesi.

Jat.

381

apara-

bhage

raja

kalam

akasi.

Mahasatto

tassa

sarirapariharam
imarii pottha-

karetva vinicchaye
karii

potthakarh likhapetva
ti

olokenta attain tireyyatha"

vatva mahajanassa

dhammam
Pot122:

desetva

appamadena ovaditva sabbesam rodantanaih paridepavisi.

Jat.

vantanam eva saddhirh Cullatundilena arannam

thaka, a book, Abhidhana

v.

j006, S. pustaka.
ahosi.
tarii

Bodhisatto mahavibhavo setthi

vijayi.

Tassa bhariya

puttarii

Dasi (MS. dasi)

pi \ssa

divasam yeva puttam

(MS. -putto)

vijayi.

Te

ekato vaddhiiiisu.

Setthiputte

le-

kharh
ten*

sikkhante ca daso pi *ssa phalakaiii vahamano gantva

eva saddhirh

lekharti

sikkhi.

(Santike-Nidana:

evaiii
nisidi.

imehi karanehi

mahamagge

solasa

lekha akacldhamano
ti

Tasmim samaye Tanha

Arati

Raga
nu kho

tisso

Mara-dhitaro

pita no na pamnayati, kaharn

tarii

etarahiti"

olokayamana
disva
pitu

domanassappattam
gantva kasm^si

bhumirh
tata

likhamanarii

santikaiii
ti

dukkhi (MS. dukkhi) domanasso"

Jat. 77:

pucchiriisu.)

Lanca, Abhidhana v. 824;

assarii

bhante, ekarii

ubhatomukharii

addasarii, tassa dvisu passesu yavasaiii

25
(lend,

so

dvihi

mukhehi

khadati.
ti.

Ayarh me pancamo (MS*

Imasslipi anagate

-me) supino, imassa ko vipako"

adhamadham-

mikarajakale yeva vipako bhavissati.

Anagatasmim

hi

mikabalarajano adhammike lokamanusse vinicchaye thapessanti.

Te papa
denta

pumfiesii anadara bala sabhayarh nisiditva vinicchayam

pi

ubhinnam

atthapaccatthikanam

hatthato

Ian cam

gahetva khadissanti, asso viya dvihi mukhehi yavasam." This

word

is

evidently the

same

as the Mahrattic lariica

meaning

bribe" (see Molesworth).

I

corresponding word in Sanscrit

Jat.

cannot trace.

Dhumakala,
aharh

410:

.,na

mayham ghara-

vasena attho,

tumhe upatthahitva tumhakarh

dhuma-

kale pabbajissami."

Santaka, Abhidhana

v.

728: dependent
538: amma,

upon; with, together with, accompanying.

Jat.

tvam kassa santaka?"

gahetva.

Jat.

54: sabban tesam

santakam

Nemittaka,

see Clough's Sing. Diet, at naimittika:

teller,

a necromancer, a fortune
at naimittaka.

an astrologer

comp. B.

& R.

Ussapeyyatha

potential of the causative of

p.

S. ut-gri;

comp. Burnoufs Lotus

323.

Phalaphala we
if

might think should be resolved into phala-aphala,

to the following verses in
.Jat.

we

look

524:

Aharh So no, maharaja,

tapaso sahitamvato,

bharami matapitaro
rattindivam atandito.

Etam phalan

ca

mulan

ca

aharitva, disampati,

posemi matapitaro

pubbe katam anussaran

and

ti;

Kacci nu bhoto kusalaiii, kacci bhoto anamayarh,

kacci unchena (MS. unjena) yapetha, kacci

mulaphala

bahu;

26
further to the following passage from Jat. 532: te

assame thaspeaks a pas-

petva vana

raulaphalani
409:
ekarh

aharati

but against

it

sage

in

Jat.

rukkhaili

amy ha phalaphalam
it

ganhati, and

we must

therefore consider

as a

compound

of

phala-phala with the elongation of the combining vowel, comp.

Westergaard's Sanskrit Formlsere 408, and Childers' Pali-English

Diet.
Article A.

Alwis:

herbs

and

fruits."

Yapeti

S. yapayati,

causative of ya, to pass the time, see Benfey and

B.

&R.;

in Pali

used

in

the derived

sense of

,,

living

upon"
aorist

when construed with an

instrumental.

Patijaggimsu,
p. 17, 17,

of patijagar** (S.jagr), see Clough's Pali Verbs

g being

doubled on

account of the

latent

r,

and a being shortened

forms
of the verb will

before the double consonant.

Other

be found at

Dhp. vv. 39. 60. 157.

i.

Sarlrakiccam karetva,
e.

having performed the body-act,

This phrase
I think,
in
is

the

funeral

ceremonies.

often used in this sense in Pali, although not,

Sanscrit.

Kakudha,
B.

Abhidhana

v.

879 and

v.

358,

is

always

written so in Pali, in S. kakuda.

B hand a
Nirav.

S. bhanda.
is

Rupika,

&R.:

Figur, Bildniss."

saka

derived from asa (S. aga), desire, Abhidhana

In

162;

comp. Dhp. vv. 97. 410.

adjective

Suttanipata

find

similar

nirasa

in

the following verse:

yamhi na maya
yo vitalobho

vasati

na mano,

amamo niraso

panunnakodho abhinibbutatto,
so

brahmano sokamalarii

ahasi,

tathagato arahati purajasam.

Alwis: in the enjoyment of health,"

Jat.
p.

Ek am ant a,

see Five
p.

22.
b.

Sayanha,
sayanha,
S.

so

both

MSS. Mahawansa

2,5

from the

sayahna.

Pariganhanapanna,
Alwis: 5,The wisdom

comprehensive or discriminative

intellect.

27
of taking
things easy,
to

of

accepting

all

things with complailife."

sance, of submitting

every condition of

Savessami,
16,26.

causative of su (S. gru), Clough's Pali Verbs p. 15,2i.

Upaddha
V.

addha

(S.

ardha),

a part,

a half,

Abhidhana
second

53.

Agacchantu,
a message,

one would here

expect the
ayarh.
v.

person, not the third.

(S.

Evayarh

evarii

Sasana
992,

easana),
p.

Abhidhana by Subhati
so
I

by

Clough
text

128,15.
to

Laddhassasesu,

both

MSS.

The
to

seems

have been corrupted.

this,

suppose we are

read laddhassasesura, and consider

as Prof. Westergaard

has suggested
adjective

to

me, as a denominative of the compound

(S.

laddhassasa

labdhagvasa),

confident;

accor-

dingly the meaning must be:

They made them

(feel) confident,
v.

they comforted, consoled them."

Posa, Abhidhana
have,
as usual,
into

227.

Posen

alapitaiii

bahiirii,

adopted the
alapitarii,

reading of C, and resolve

taking the latter in the

posenalapitam

posena

same sense as lapitam. But

the

ComBut

mentator, taking the latter in the same sense as lapatarii.

the

Commentator seems

to

have read lapatam which C*also

has, and this then

must be understood as a genitive absolute.

Sa

is,

according to the Commentary, to be referred to vinnii.

I

Kissa

suppose

we must

resolve into
p.

kim ass a, m
and
ki

having

dropped from

kim (comp. Dhp.

268)

assa having

become

ki 'ssa in a similar mariner as

ti

we

read in Jat. 460:

. . .

.Janasandhava-kumaro
pi 'ssa

'ssa

namaiii karimsu

mahajana

ovade thatva
If

tani

dasa thananl piiretva saggaparayano

is

ahosi.
genitive

the

Commentator

right

in

taking kissa as the

of

kirii

=
this

kirhkarana,

then

we must
the'

supply

,,for

such a thing's sake" in

rect

order to

make

construction cor
are also found

Dahara,
289.

verse and vv.

5.7.8.9
I

in the Salla-sutta of Suttanipata

which

give below.

Vuddha,
Abhidhana

Dhp.

p.

Da lid da

is

also

written dalidda,

28
V.

739,

S.

daridra.
S.

Addha,

if

we may

believe Moggallana,

answers to
nin

adliya (Abhidhana v.

725: ibbha, addha, dhait

= Amarakosa:
be
with
etc.,

ibhya, adhya, dhanin), but

S.

might
is

also,

think,

considered ==

rddha,

Par ay ana
Ramayana

in

Pali

written
la

a dental n, see Abhidh. vv. 858. 962.

this
V.

Pha-

nam
2

verse

is

found in

(per Gorresio

vol.

p.

421

4) in the following shape;

Yatha phalanarii pakvanaiii

nanyatra patanad bhayarh

evam

naranarh jatanarii

nanyatra maranad bhayarh.

Carey & Marshman (vol.3 p.41

read: narasya jatasya.

1)

and Schlegel
pratar.

(vol.

2 pars 1 p.321
written
v.

Pato=S.
I

Bahujjana

with two

j's,

either for the sake of the

metre (comp.Dhp.

320,

Mahaw.p.

79), or, as

rather suppose, by false analogy from

potential of

puthujjana.

U d a b b a h e,
;

ud

+ a + bah

(bah^ brah",
I

bruh"

=
p.

vuddhiyam

Dhatupatha) of which verb

abbaha,
abbahe,

have met

with the

following forms:

abbahi, abbulha

(Dhp.

96), abbahitva, nibbahanti, paribbiilha.

to

Kayira,

have not ventured

reject this
it

form as

it

is

repeated in the

Commentary,

although

is

usually written kayira which C"

S. preta.
I

has also adopted.

Peta

Palenti

the

Com-

mentator renders by yapenti," but

am
to

unable to catch the

the context the verb

meaning of

this rendering.
it

According

must be understood,

seems,

passively, I
kind.

have however not

met with any other instances of this

instead

Parinibbaye
Sutava,

of parinibbaye

on account of the metre.

nominative of sutavant
at srutavanta^':
skilled

S.

9rutavant, Clough (Singh. Diet.)

in religious science, well versed in re-

ligious instructions.

Tula, see

B.

&R.; compare

the following

verse from Jat.

29

29
Daddallamana (MS. -mana) aganchum

Tanhaya (MS. adds:

ca)

Arati Raga.

Ta

tattha

panudi (MS. panudi) Sattha

ti.

tularii

bhattham va maluto (MS. maluko)

Daddallamana
maluta
still

=
in

S. jajvalyamana;
'

bhattha

S.

bhrasta;
is

S. maruta.

Eko
3

etc.,

a fragment of this verse

C. Gorresio
;

to

be found

Ramayana per
vol.

vol. vol.

2
2

p.

429

V.
p.

12;

Carey

&

M.

p.

431

Schlegel

pars 1

331), where

we

read:

yad eko jayate jantur

eka eva vinagyati.

Tveva
are the

i.e. iti
first

eva, see

Dhp.

p.

279. Dassarii and bhokkharii

persons singular of the future tense in the attano-

pada of the verbs da and bhuj.

Ettaka,

see Dhp. p. 350.

v.

Paduka,
paryanka.
finished

Abhidh.

v.

358.

Pallariika, Abhidh.
filled,

308, S.
i.e.

Saggapadarii puresi, he
way
to

completed
is

the

heaven; instead of saggapadarii

this

also

used saggapatharii.

Abhisambuddhagatha,
how
is

compound

word
in

often recurs at the conclusion of a story, but I

it

am

yet

a great doubt as to

to

be understood. First the

meaning of abhisambuddha seems doubtful, and secondly the

compound may be understood

tatpurusa.

as

karmadharaya or as a

Kambugiva,

see

B.&R., comp. Abhidhana v.263.

30

V.

1,

2.

THE SUJATA-JATAKA.
ti.

iVin nu santaramano va
pitari
koti''.

Idarii

Sattha

Jetavane

viharanto matapitikarh* kutumbikam arabbha kathesi.

So kira

mate paridevamano

carati^,

sokarh vinodetum na sak-

Sattha tassa sotapattiphalupanissayam disva Savatthiyam

gantva-^

pindaya caritva pacchasamanam adaya tassa^ geharh

pannattasane sannisinnam^
bhante''
ti

kim upasaka

socasiti" \atva

ama

vutte avuso, poranakapandita panditanam kathaih'^

kalakate*

sutva
atltarii

pitari

na

sociriisu*'

ti

vatva

tena

yacito

ahari:

Atite

Baranasiyarii

Brahmadatte
nibbatti.

rajjam

karente
ti

Bodhisatto kutumbikagehe

Sujato

kumaro

^ssa

iiamam karimsu. Tassa vayappattassa pitamaho kalam akasi. Ath'

assa pita pitu kalakiriyato ^ patthaya sokasamappito alahanato
atthini aharitva attano

arame mattikathupam katva

tani tattha

nidahitva gatagatavelaya'^ thuparii pupphehi pujetva avajjanto^

paridevati, n'eva nahayati

na vilimpati"^ na bhunjati na kamBodhisatto

.,pita

naante

vicareti".

Tarn

disva

me

ayyakassa

**

C matapika, B
*

matapittikam.
''

vicarati.
^

*^

B asakkon-

tena.

omits tassa.

B
^
"*

gamtva.
^

samnisinnarii,
*

nisinno tarn vanditva nisinnaiii.

kate.
^

vacanarh.
^

kalafi-

kalankatakato.
avijjhanto.

avijjanto
vidacareti.

into

B B

gatagata-.

C has
vilimpati.

altered
"

limmati,

matakalato patthaya sokabhibhuto carati, thapetva

raarh

kho"

pana

anno^ etarn sannapetum^ na sakkoti, ekena

karissamiti"
paniyafi

nam upayena
disva
khacla

nissokarii

bahinagare^ ekarii
abaritva
vadati".
si,

matagonarh
katva*
disva

tinan

ca

ca
ti

tassa

purato
tarii

khada.
Sujata,

piva piva*"

Agatagata

samma
desiti"

kim ummattako
So
kinci
te

matagonassa*' tinodakarii

vadanti. gantva-^

na

pativadati.
jato,

Ath^ assa

pitu santikarh

putto

ummattako

matagonassa tinodakarii
pitusoko

detiti" ahariisu.

Tarn sutva kutumbikassa

apagato

puttasoko patitthito. So vegena gantva* nanu tvam tata Sujata pandito^, kiriikarana matagonassa''
tinodakarii desiti" vatva

dve gatha abhasi:

1.

Kin nu santaramano va
layitva haritarii''
tinarii

khada khada'

ti

lapasi

gatasattarii"' jaraggavarii.

2.

Na

hi

annena panena

mato gono samutthahe,

tan^ ca tuccharii vilapasi

yatha

tarii

dummati tatha"
ti

ti.

Tattha

santaramano va
gonarii

turito

viya*^ hutva;

layitva

ti

lunitva^; lapasiti
gatajivitarii jinnarii^

vilapasi"; gatasattarii'''
;

jaraggavan
tan
ti''

ti

yatha tan
C

ti

ettha

ni-

omits kho.

C
*

ariino.

sariina-.
'

B
y

pahigame.

both

MSS.
""

-gonarii.

thapetva. ^

khadahi pivahi.

B
ti.

arabha.
^

-gonassa.
'"

B
^

vegenagariitva.
^

B
"^

adds

harikarii.

B
C

gatasantarii.

tvan.

'^

omits viya.

Bluncitva.
ti.

vipalapi.

Cjinnarii,

Bjinno.

C omits

ettha tan

32
patamattam,
tvaiii

yatha

dummati

appanno^

vippalapeyya*

tatha

tuccharii abhutarii^

vippalapasitR

Tato Bodhisatto dve

gatha abhasi:
jjTath' eva titthati sisarh

3.

hatthapada ca

valadhi'',

sota tath' eva titthanti*,

manne-^, gono samutthahe.

4.

N' ev* ayyakassa sisan

ca*=

hatthapada ca^ dissare,

rudam*" niattikathupasmiih**

nanu tvan neva^ dummatiti"

Tattha t a th e v a
ti
ti

yatha pubbe thitarh

tath'

tath'

eva

titthati

man

fi

etesarh
ti

sisadinam

eva

thitatta
ti

ayarh gono samuttha-

heyya

mannami; nevayyakassa

ayyakassa pana

sisarii
ti

va^ hatthapada va^ na dissanti,

pi patho;

pitthipada va na dissare

nanu tvan
evarh

ileva

dummatiti

aharii tava sisadini

passanto

karomi,

tvam pana na^ kind

passasi, jhapiiti

tatthanato atthini aharitva thuparh^ katva paridevasi,

marii

paticca satagunena*

tvara eva* dummati", bhijjanadhamma tata

tattha

samkhara

bhijjanti"^

ka

paridevana^

ti.

Tarn

sutva

Bodhisattassa pita manaa putto pandito, idhalokaparalokakiccarii

janati,

mama
tata

sannapanatthaya"^
panclita,

etarii

kammam
samkhara

akasiti''

cin-

tetva

Sujata

'sabbe

anicca*

ti

me

^
^
^

B appamanno. B vilapaslti.
C sisam
va.
^

vilapeyya.
*

B
""

omits
^

abhutarh.

valadi.
*"

titthati.

C mamne.

B
^

na.

B
^
*

rudaiii.

B
''

mattikatupasmi.

B B

tvamnneva.

ca.

B
*"

omits na.

B
"
""

mittakathu-

adds sahassaguiiena nu.

"'

dummatiti.

bhijjantiti.

B tvamnneva. B parivedana.

both

MSS.

sariina-.

'"^fc^

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