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Beam Deflection Theory Fundamentals

This document discusses beam deflection theory and equations. It presents the basic beam deflection equation as well as equations for slope and curvature. It also demonstrates using the method of superposition to calculate beam deflection under multiple loads. Sample problems are worked through to illustrate calculating beam deflection for different load cases.

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quadmagneto
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794 views12 pages

Beam Deflection Theory Fundamentals

This document discusses beam deflection theory and equations. It presents the basic beam deflection equation as well as equations for slope and curvature. It also demonstrates using the method of superposition to calculate beam deflection under multiple loads. Sample problems are worked through to illustrate calculating beam deflection for different load cases.

Uploaded by

quadmagneto
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Beam Deflection Theory: Introduces the basics of beam deflection theory including fundamental equations and concepts necessary for stress and strain analysis.
  • Deflection Equations: Presents general equations needed for calculating slopes and curves in beam deflection contexts.
  • Case 1 Analysis: Provides a detailed analysis of Case 1, illustrating material properties and beam deflection calculations with supportive figures and graphs.
  • Case 2 Analysis: Explains the second case of beam deflection analysis including equation solutions and contextual illustrations.
  • Method of Superposition: Explores different deflection and slope scenarios using the method of superposition, depicting visual equations and solutions.
  • Cases 3 and 4: Analyzes Cases 3 and 4 by demonstrating forces and their effect on beam deflection using graphical data representation.
  • Numerical Method: Concludes with a numerical method for solving specific beam scenarios, showcasing schematic problem layouts.

X

Y
A B
C D
X
Y
B
D
u rd ds =
ds AB = '
A
B
C D
r d
ds
ds
BD AC ~
CD AB~
Basics of Beam Deflection Theory
B
D
B
D
y
-dx
d
ds
d
r
u
=
1
(1)
u yd dx = (2)
since ds is the original length,
ds
dx
strain

= c ,
(3)
substitute equations (1), (2) and (3)
y dx y
dx
ds y
dx
r
c c
=
|
.
|

\
|

= =
) (
1
r
y
= c
Thus, (4)
M M
r
y
= c
(4)
Compression
Tension
Neutral Axis
c
o
= =
strain
stress
E then
The force acting on a differential area dA is dA
y
r
E
= o (5)
from equation (5) ydA
r
E
dA

= o
0 =

=
} }
ydA
r
E
dA o
The internal bending moment must be
equal to the external bending moment, M.
} }

= = dA y
r
E
dA y M
2
o
}
= dA y I
2
However,
Neglecting (-)
r
EI
M = (6) or
EI
M
r
=
1
}
= dA o
}
= dA o The sum () of horizontal
forces is zero.
F
F y
EI
M
dx
dy
dx
y d
r
=
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
+
=
2
3
2
2
2
1
1
Beam Deflection Equation:
1 1
2
3
2
~
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
+
dx
dy
since is small,
|
.
|

\
|
dx
dy
EI
M
dx
y d
=
2
2
(7)
1
c Mdx
dx
dy
EI + = = =
}
u
(8)
2 1
c x c Mdx EIy + + =
} }
(9)
General Slope Equation
General Curve Equation
y
F
L
Solving Moment, M at any x location:
Moment Diagram
-FL
0
-FL
0
L
x
M
using
EI
M
dx
y d
=
2
2
(7)
x L
M
L
FL

) ( x L F M =
or
) (
2
2
x L F M
dx
y d
EI = = (10)
1
2
2
C
x
F FLx
dx
dy
EI + + = (11)
2 1
3 2
6 2
C x C
x
F
x
FL EIy + + + = (12)
y
F
L
(0,0)
2
2
x
F FLx EI
dx
dy
EI + = = u
General Slope Equation
Also, when x=0, y=0.
6 2
3 2
x
F
x
FL EIy + =
Elastic Curve Equation
It can be seen that when x=0, dy/dx==0.

x
1
2
2
C
x
F FLx
dx
dy
EI + + = (11)
Thus, C
1
=0.
2 1
3 2
6 2
C x C
x
F
x
FL EIy + + + = (12) Thus, C
2
=0.
) 3 (
6 6 2
2 3 2
x L
Fx x
F
x
FL EIy = + =
100mm
F
700mm
Case 1
100mm
F
700mm
or
; L x = when

( )( )( )
( )
3
4 10 9
700 . 0
1 . 0 10 909 . 4 10 105 3
m
m m x Pa x
F

=
Material:
Diameter = 10mm; Length = 700mm y=100mm
Implant Grade (ASTM F136 Titanium)
Modulus of Elasticity,E = 105GPa
Moment of Inertia, I
4 10
4 4
10 909 . 4
64
) 01 . 0 (
64
m x
m D
I

= = =
t t
3
3
FL
EIy =
kgf N F 60 . 4 08 . 45 = =
x
x
100mm
45.08N
700mm
x
y
) 3 (
6
2
x L
Fx
EIy =
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
x- Location of F
n
(mm)
y
-
d
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n

(
m
m
)
y
F
L
a
Case 2
C
y
F
L
(0,0)
x
2
2
x
F FLx EI
dx
dy
EI + = = u
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
2
2
x
Lx F EIu
6 2
3 2
x
F
x
FL EIy + =
( ) x L
Fx
EIy = 3
6
2
A
B
Case 1
x
( ) x L
Fx
EIy
B A
=

3
6
2
a L =
( ) x a
Fx
EIy
B A
=

3
6
2
when
? =
C B
EIy
since B-C is still a straight line
B BC
u u =
2
2
Fa
EI
B
= u
a L x
C B
=

) (
2 3
2 3
a L
Fa Fa
x y EIy
C B B B C B
= + =

u
) 3 (
6
2
a L
Fa
EIy
C B
=

a x s s 0
L x or L a s s
a L x = =
when
a x =
3
3
Fa
EIy
B
=
=
+
Method of Superposition
Deflection or Slope
(A)
F
1
F
2
L
a
(A)
F
2
a
(B)
F
1
L
(C)
Deflection or Slope
(B)
Deflection or Slope
(C)
=
+
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
x- Location of F
n
(mm)
y
-
d
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n

(
m
m
)
+F1
L
x
n
+F2 +F3 +F4 +F5 +F6 +F7
-F1 -F2 -F3 -F4 -F5 -F6 -F7
Case 3
Force,N -100 -100 50 -300 10 -6 120
-0.14
-0.12
-0.1
-0.08
-0.06
-0.04
-0.02
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
x- Location of F
n
(mm)
y
-
d
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n

(
m
m
)
+F1
L
x
n
+F2 +F3 +F4 +F5 +F6 +F7
-F1 -F2 -F3 -F4 -F5 -F6 -F7
Force,N 100 -50 10 0 0.02 0 0.258
Case 4
+F1
L
x
n
+F2 +F3 +F4 +F5 +F6 +F7
-F1 -F2 -F3 -F4 -F5 -F6 -F7
Force F1=? F2=? F3=? F4=? F5=? F6=? F7=?
y
n
mm
1
mm
2
mm
3
mm
4
mm
5
mm
5
mm
6
Numerical Method for Solving F
n
(x
n
, y
n
)
x
n
mm
1
mm
2
mm
3
mm
4
mm
5
mm
5
mm
6
Solve

X Y A B C D X Y B D  rd ds  ds AB  ' A B’ C D’ r dθ ds ds BD AC  CD AB  Basics of Beam Deflection Theor
r y    (4) Compression Tension Neutral Axis    strain stress E then The force acting on a differential area dA i
EI M dx dy dx y d r                2 3 2 2 2 1 1 Beam Deflection Equation: 1 1 2 3 2           
y F L Solving Moment, M at any x location: Moment Diagram -FL 0 -FL 0 L x M using EI M dx y d  2 2 (7) x L M
y F L (0,0) 2 2 x F FLx EI dx dy EI      General Slope Equation Also, when x=0, y=0. 6 2 3 2 x F x FL EIy    E
) 3 ( 6 6 2 2 3 2 x L Fx x F x FL EIy       100mm F 700mm Case 1 100mm F 700mm or ; L x  when     
100mm 45.08N 700mm x y ) 3 ( 6 2 x L Fx EIy    -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 x- Locat
y F L a Case 2 C y F L (0,0) x 2 2 x F FLx EI dx dy EI               2 2x Lx F EI 6 2 3 2 x F x
= + Method of Superposition Deflection or Slope(A) F1 F2 L a (A) F2 a (B) F1 L (C) Deflection or Slope(B) Def
0 5 10 15 20 25 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 x- Location of Fn (mm) y-deflection (mm) +F1 L xn +F2 +F3 +F4 +F5 +F6

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