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SPIEGELBERG, HERBERT

SPIEGELBERG , HERBERT (19041990). Herbert Spiegelberg wrote his dissertation on law and morality at the University of M unich under the direction of Alexander Pfnder. He wrote a number of phenomenological texts, includ ing im p o rtant investigations in the area of ethics . He is fam o u s as th e first a nd fore most chronic le r of the de ve lopme nt of phenomenological philosophy, writing a two-volume work titled The Phenomenological Movement: A Historical Introduction. STATE OF AFFAIRS (Sachverhalt). A state of affairs is the intended object of a judging act . Hence, the state of affairs is a categorial object that is the articulated situation . In articulating the situation, a cognizing agent identifies the categorial forms that structure the objects found in the situation. In the critical attitude wherein one questions the truth of the judgment, the reflecting agent focuses attention on the state of affairs just as supposed. The state of affairs just as supposed is the proposition in the logical sense, which, from the phenomenological perspective, is recognized as the noematic sense of the judging act. The state of affairs, finally, is the referent o f the declarative sentence that expresses the proposition. See also EXPRESSION; JUDGE. STATIC PHENOM ENOLOGY. Static phenomenology is contrasted with genetic phenomenology . W hereas genetic phenomenology is concerned with the building up of sense through and over time , static phenomenology identifies the sense-structure of fully constituted objects and the founding relations among the acts or act-moments in which these objects are constituted. See also CONSTITUTION; FOUNDATION; FOUNDED MOMENT; FOUNDING MOMENT; GENERATIVE PHENOMENOLOGY. STEIN, EDITH (18911942). Edith Stein entered the University of Breslau in 1911 and began the study of psychology . She was quickly dissatisfied, however, and became interested instead in Husserls phenomenology , finding in his work an attempt to clarify the concepts and principles necessary for an account of human experience and behavior. Stein studied philosophy with Husserl at Gttingen from 1913 to 1916. She moved with him to Freiburg, where she completed her dissertation on empathy and became his first assistant. At Gttingen, Stein was influenced not only by Husserl but by Adolf Reinach and M ax Scheler . All three were Jews who had converted to C hristia n ity, H u sse rl a n d R e in a c h to L u th e ra n ism , a n d Scheler to Catholicism. Husserls commitment to objectivity and to the truth of things, along with the rigor of his methodology, provided Stein with the