Chapter 1: The World through Our Senses 1.

1 Understanding the sensory organs and their functions 1 State five sensory organs in human. 2 What is the type of stimulus received by eyes? 3 What is the stimulus received by nose and tongue? 4 State four stimuli that can be detected by skin. 5 What are represented by the symbols X and Y for the path of an impulse below, after a stimulus is received by the skin? Stimulus X Nerve Y Nerve Effector 1.2 Understanding the sense of touch 1 What are receptors X and Y?

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State the type of receptor that is located in the fat layer of the skin. State the type of receptor that is located in the epidermis of the skin. State two factors that affect the sensitivity of the skin. Explain why lips are sensitive to touch. Explain why elbows are not sensitive to touch.

Understanding the sense of smell 1 What is the sensory organ for smell? 2 State the receptors in nose which can detect smell. 3 Where is the location of the smell receptors in nose? 4 What is represented by X in the smell pathway below?
Chemical in the air X impulse Brain

5 Explain why when we have a flu, the nose cannot function well. 1.4 Understanding the sense of taste 1 State four tastes that can be detected by our tongue. 2 Answer the following questions based on the diagram given.

(a) State the taste that P, Q, R and S are sensitive to. (b) Determine the areas, P, Q, R or S, which are sensitive to the following substances. (i) Honey (v) Vinegar (ii) Medicine (vi) Sugar (iii) Salt (vii) Bile (iv) Lime (viii) Sea water 3 What is the relationship between the sense of taste and the sense of smell? 1.5 Understanding the sense of hearing 1 What is the sensory organ for hearing? 2 What is the structure of the ear that vibrates when it is hit by sound waves? 3 Name the structure of the ear that amplify sound vibrations. 4 Name the structure of the ear that detects vibration and changes it into nerve impulses. 5 State two structures of ears that do not play any part in hearing. 6 Name the structure of the ear that sends nerve impulses to the brain. 7 Name the structure of the ear that balances the air pressure on both sides of the ear. 8 Name the structures of the ear that controls balance in the body. 9 Name the structure of the ear that collects and directs sound waves into the ear. 10 Name the structure of the ear that channels sound waves to the eardrum. Understanding the sense of sight 1 What is the sensory organ for sight? 2 What is the structure of the eye that is sensitive to light? 3 Name the structure of the eye that allows light to enter it. 4 Name the structure of the eye that controls the size of pupil. 5 State two structures of the eye that maintain the shape of the eye. 6 What is the structure of the eye that refracts light and helps to focus light onto the retina? 7 What is the structure of the eye that avoids reflection in the eye? 8 What is the function of sclera? 9 State three structures in eye that help eye lens to focus the light onto the retina. 10 State the part of the retina which is not sensitive to light. Explain your answer. 11 State the structure of eye that sends impulses to the brain for interpretation.
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1.6

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Understanding light and sight 1 What happens to light when it is directed to a plane mirror? 2 What are the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection? (a)

(b)

3 What happens to the light that is directed to a medium with different density? 4 Draw the refraction of light in the diagram below. (a) (c)

(b)

5 Explain why the drinking straw in a glass of water appears bent.