Lathe Accessories & Attachments

devices employed for holding and supporting the work and the tool on lathe are called its accessories. Accessories:

are used on a center lathe to increase production and efficiency and widen its scope of use for such works also which are normally Attachments: carried out on this machine.

Lathe Accessories & Attachments

Accessories
Centers Face Plates & Angle Plates
Dogs or Carriers Chucks Mandrels Rests

Attachments
Bar Stops Thread Chasing Dials Taper turning Milling Grinding Gear Cutting Hydro-copying

Accessories - Centers
A Ordinary Center E Tipped (brazed) Center

B Ball Center

F Insert type Center

G - Pipe Center C Frictionless Center

1 Insert type center 2 Nut 3 Roller bearing 4 Thrust bearing 5 - Housing

D Half Center H Use of half center

1 Half center 2 Facing tool

Accessories Driving plates and Dogs

Figure: Driving Plate

Figure: Eccentric Turning

Fig. Straight dog

Accessories - Chucks

1- concentric circle,; 2 chuck body; 3 Jaw screw; 4 jaw; 5 gripping surface; 6 recess for back plate.

Figure: Four Jaw Chuck

Accessories - Chucks

Figure: Three Jaw Chuck

Accessories - Chucks

1-work; 2-magnetic material; 3-keepers; 4-face plates, 5-magnet

Figure: Magnetic Chuck

1-cylinder; 2-air passage; 3-head stock spindle; 4-piston; 5-valves;; 6-piston rod; 7-link; 8-jaw; 9-guide; 10-sliding unit

Figure: Hydraulic Chuck

Accessories - Collets

1-Bearing; 2-Spindle; 3-Nut; 4-Key; 5-Chuck; 6-Collet

Figure: Collet Chuck

Accessories Face Plate and Angle Plate

Figure: Face Plate

1-face plate; 2-balance weight; 3-elbow pipe; 4-clamping nut; 5-angle plate; 6-clamping nut

Figure: Angle Plate

Accessories - Mandrels

Plain Mandrel Collar Mandrel

Step Mandrel

Threaded Mandrel

Accessories - Mandrels

1-solid cone; 2-sliding cone; 3-nut

Cone Mandrel

1-fixed collar; 2-hollow workpieces; 3-movable collar; 4-nut

Gang Mandrel

1-sleeve; 2-tapered pin

Expansion Mandrel

Accessories Steady Rest

Accessories Follower Rest

Figure: Follower rest

Thread Cutting - Terminology

Fig. Elements of external and internal threads

Thread Cutting - Terminology

Fig. Single Start

Fig. Double Start

Fig. Triple Start

Thread Cutting

Figure: General set-up of lathe for screw cutting

Thread Cutting - Change Gear Ratio

Thread Cutting Gear Trains

Simple gear train

Compound gear train

Cutting R.H. and L.H. Threads

Right Hand threads:
Threads slope up to the right when screw is held vertically. The spindle and the lead screw will rotate in the same direction.

Left Hand threads:

Threads slope up to the left when screw is held vertically. The spindle and the lead screw will rotate in opposite direction. This change of direction of rotation on lathe is effected by tumbler gear or by using proper number of idlers.

Figure: R.H. Threads

Figure: L.H. Threads

Left Hand thread - Applications

Where the rotation of a shaft would cause a conventional right-handed nut to loosen rather than to tighten due to fretting induced precession, e.g. on a left-hand bicycle pedal. In combination with right-handed threads in turnbuckles. In some gas supply connections to prevent dangerous misconnections, for example in gas welding the flammable gas supply uses left-handed threads. In Gold ornaments, e.g. ear studs.

Cutting metric thread on English standard lead screws or Vice Versa

To cut metric threads on lathes having British standard lead screw:

To cut British standard threads to be cut on a lathe having lead screw of metric pitch:

Examples:
Calculate change gears for cutting R.H. threads of 2 mm pitch on a lathe having lead screw of 6 mm pitch.

Soln.:
Simple train with one idler Simple train with one idler Simple train with one idler

Like this, we can have number of solutions and every solution will give the desired result.

Examples:
Calculate change gears for cutting L.H. threads of 1.5 mm pitch on a lathe having lead screw of 6 mm pitch.

Soln.:

Simple train with two idlers

Simple train with two idlers

Examples:
Calculate change gears for cutting R.H.B.S.W. V threads of 12 TPI on a lathe having lead screw of 8 TPI.

Soln.:

Simple train with one idler

Simple train with one idler

Examples:
Calculate change gears for cutting R.H. threads of 1 mm pitch on a lathe having lead screw of 8 mm pitch.

Soln.:

Such a ratio with 160 teeth in size is not available in the set. The maximum size is 120 only. Hence, a compound train has to be used.

Compound Gear Train with no idler:

Gear A = 20; Gear B = 80; and Gear C = 30; Gear D = 60

Examples:
Calculate change gears to cut R.H. threads of 25 TPI on a lathe having lead screw of 6 TPI.

Soln.:

If, however, these gears are not available, a compound train will be used. The calculation will be as follows:

Compound Gear Train with no idler:

Gear A = 40; Gear B = 100; and Gear C = 45; Gear D = 75

Examples:
Calculate change gears to cut L.H. single start threads of 0.25 pitch on a lathe having lead screw of 8 mm lead.

Soln.:

Compound Gear Train with one idler:

Gear A = 127; Gear B = 80; and Gear C = 50; Gear D = 100

Setting of Tools for Threading

Fig. Setting threading tool for external threading

Fig. Setting threading tool for internal threading

Feeding the Tool in Threading

Fig.a Straight Thread Fig.b Inclined feed

Fig.c Inclined feed using a form tool

Providing undercut

Attachments Thread Chasing Dial

Figure: Thread Chasing Dial