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Heat exchangers (coils) are designed mainly for the heating and cooling of air and other gases. Typical heating mediums used in coils include hot water, oil, liquid from industrial processes or steam; typical cooling mediums are cold water, evaporative refrigerant, oil or other types of liquids. The coils are available in versions for e.g. installation in the ducting or in air handling units, different materials and fin pitches, and in different tightness classes on the air side.
In ordinary applications, design charts for the various types of coil are used for sizing. If demands are made on high sizing accuracy, ABB Coiltech has developed a computer programme for this purpose. The heat exchangers are produced as standard in sizes up to 8 2.4 m and for air flows up to 96 m3/s. They are designed for horizontal or vertical air flow.
For particulars of coils made of materials other than those tabulated above, please get in touch with our nearest sales office. Different modes of connection Different modes of connecting the tubes may be adopted to vary the flow relationship between the heating or cooling medium and the air flow as seen in the figures below. CROSS-FLOW CONNECTION is used for condensing steam and on heating coils with low output. COUNTER-FLOW CONNECTION is most common and is used for cooling coils and heating coils with high output. This mode of connection affords the highest output for this application. PARALLEL-FLOW CONNECTION is sometimes used for heating coils when the possibility of fitting the sensor of an anti-freeze thermostat to the coil is given priority. The cooling and recovery coils connected in this mode must be installed correctly, otherwise the output may be reduced by as much as 5 and 10% respectively. In cases in which the direction of air flow or the direction of heating/cooling medium flow is crucial for achieving the design output of the coil, this direction is marked on the coil.
Motstrm Counter-flow
Medstrm Parallell-flow
Air Luft
Air Luft
Air Luft
Water Vatten
Water Vatten
Sizing Use the appropriate sizing chart for each type of coil. The charts enable the size to be determined quickly with sufficient accuracy for practical purposes. A computer programme is available for simple and optimum coil sizing. If computer-aided sizing is required, get in touch with our nearest sales office. Normal velocities for coils.
1) A droplet eliminator should be fitted if the air velocity is above 3 m/s. 2) Min. water velocity for preventing venting problems and laminar flow. Air flow
1. 2.
3) Max. water velocity due to the risk of erosion. For coils with steel tube loops, the water velocity should not exceed 3 m/s.
Quality Accuracy and precision are important ingredients in the manufacture of our coils. To ensure the high quality and output of our coils, we employ a documented quality system which conforms to the provisions of SS-EN ISO 9001:1994.
1.
2. 1. 3. 2.
Air flow
3.
x 0,005
0
0,010
0,015
kg kg
C 35
0,1
0, 30
0, 40
30
0,2
25
0,5
0
70
0,6
0
65
0,7
20
0
60
16
0,8
0
0 0,9 ,00 =1
45 55 50
15
14
15
13 12
11
40 kJ /k g
10
35
9k ca
10
25
6
20
30
7
l/k g
20
5
15
5 4
10
15
3
2
5
-5
h= 0
-5
0 1
10
bme ulo er b eltb rm mu ette t dob W m v etre ta cdo la-g ee c
2,5
I isb
5
2,0
ter
-10
-1
tv -5
0 =
1,5 SYMBOLS BETECKNINGAR h = entalpi per kg torr luft, kJ/kg, kcal/kg h = enthalpy per kg of dry air, kJ/kg, kcal/kg x ==moisture vatteninnehll per kg kg torr x content per ofluft, dry kg/kg air, kg/kg = = relative relativ fuktighet humidity tt == dry-bulb temperature, C torra termometerns temperatur, C tt = wet-bulb temperature. C v v = vta termometerns temperatur, C Diagrammet hnfrt This chart refers to a till barometric pressure of barometertryck = 760 mm Hg = 101,3 kPa 760 mm Hg = 101.3 kPa.
-1 0
-2
-15
-10
1,0 kPa
-1 5
-20
-15
0,5
-25
FORMULAS AIR
Heating coils Output: P = q (m3/s) t (C) 1,2 P (kW) t (C) 1,2 (kW) (m3/s) WATER Output: P = qr (l/s) tr (C) 4,2 Water flow: qr = P (kW) tr (C) 4,2 P (kW) qr (l/s) 4,2 (kW)
Air flow: q =
(l/s)
(C)
Temp. differential: tr =
(C)
Efficiency: =
(kW)
Cooling coils Output: P = q (m3/s) i (kJ/kg) 1,2 P (kW) i (kJ/kg) 1,2 P (kW) q (m3/s) 1,2 (kW) (m3/s)
HEAT RECOVERY
Air flow: q =
Enthalpy differential: i =
(kJ/kg)
Output required: P =
(kW)
t Temperature efficiency: t = 2 t3
t1 t1