Chemical & Process Technology: Definition of Terms Related to PRE...

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Thursday, November 13, 2008

Definition of Terms Related to PRESSURE

Display problem ? Click HERE A simple question always asked and debated by many engineers. What is the different between the following terms ? Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) Design Pressure (PD) Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP) Maximum Operating Pressure (PO,Max) Normal Operating Pressure (PO) Minimum Operating Pressure (PO,Min) Minimum Allowable Operating Pressure (MinAOP) Recommended : - Subscribe FREE - Chemical Processing - Tips on Succession in FREE Subscription A mechanical engineer may have different understanding than a process engineer. A process engineer from an organization may have slightly different understanding than a process engineer from another organization. A process engineer educated and/or practising engineering in a country i.e China may have different interpretation than another process engineer educated and / or practising engineering in another country i.e. USA, UK, etc. This always creates a lot of confusion, unnecessary argument and rework. In worst event could lead to hazard. Thus, first far most important thing is to define correctly the meaning of each terms so that everyone have same understanding. Following are the simple definition of above mentioned terms. Whenever a post contains one or more of these terms, the following shall be referred. Normal Operating Pressure (PO) - System pressure as expected to be operated at during normal operation throughout the design life of the system . Maximum Operating Pressure (PO, Max) - Maximum system pressure as expected during normal operation, may occur in some process transient period or different operating mode or campaigns and it built into the design to cater for any uncertainties due to start-up, fouled, decayed, etc. It provides some level of flexibility for a proper operation of the system throughout the entire life of the system. Minimum Operating Pressure (PO, Min) - Minimum system pressure as expected during normal operation, may occur in some process transient period or different operating mode or campaigns and it built into the design to cater for any uncertainties due to start-up, fouled, decayed, etc. It provides some level of flexibility for a proper operation of the system throughout the entire life of the system. Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP) - Maximum system pressure that can be allowed to ensure a proper operation of an a device or system . Minimum Allowable Operating Pressure (MinAOP) - Minimum system pressure that can be allowed to ensure a proper operation of an a device or system . Design Pressure (PD) - A pressure chosen / specified (normally chosen by process engineer) to have certain margin (i.e. 10%) above the PO,Max (or MAOP). It is a maximum pressure in the system that : - is NOT expected during normal operation - may only occur during emergency situation such as fire, loss of utilities, valve failure, any abnormal operation corresponding to a short duration, mal-operation, etc Design pressure becomes MINIMUM pressure that can be hold by any components within the system without mechanical failure . It is used to define the minimum MAWP of components within the system. For example, design pressure is used to calculate minimum vessel wall thickness. Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) - A maximum gauge pressure permissible by a equipment / device (at coincident temperature specified for that pressure) and is governed by code i.e. ASME, JIS, GB, etc

Day and the theme of the day is ENVIRONMENT. Have we ever ask ourself how much damage we have made to our environment ? I m sure many of us....... Useful Documents Related to Pressure Relief Valve (PRV) - Part 1 Pressure Relief Valve (PRV) has been widely use in overpressure protection of pressure containment

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3/18/2013 9:38 PM

Chemical & Process Technology: Definition of Terms Related to PRE...

http://webwormcpt.blogspot.com/2008/11/definition-of-terms-related-t...

In many cases... MinAOP <= PO,Min <= PO <= PO,Max < MAOP < PD <= MAWP Example : A pressure vessel contains instrument air is normally operate between 6 - 8 barg. The system would trip under Low-Low pressure of 5 barg to allow sufficient instrument air volume for safe operation of some critical valve during shutdown. The system is designed for 11 barg as specified by the process designer. A conventional spring loaded pressure relief valve (PRV) is provided to protect the vessel from overpressure. The minimum wall thickness required for 11 barg is 6.27 mm, plus 1.5 mm corrosion allowance as specified by process engineer, the total required wall thickness is 7.77 mm. Mechanical engineer has decided to provide 8.0 mm as wall thickness which correspondence to 12 barg. (Note : all parameters have been selected arbitrary. Just for illustration only.) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) = 12 barg Design Pressure (PD) = 11 barg Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP) = 10 barg (~90% of 11 barg) Maximum Operating Pressure (PO,Max) = 8 barg Normal Operating Pressure (PO) = 7 barg Minimum Operating Pressure (PO,Min) = 6 barg Minimum Allowable Operating Pressure (MinAOP) = 5 barg

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February 2010 March 2010 April 2010 May 2010 June 2010 July 2010 In europe, the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) defines PS as "Maximum allowable pressure PS means the maximum pressure for which the equipment is designed, as specified by the manufacturer. It is defined at a location specified by the manufacturer. This must be the location of connection of protective and/or limiting devices or the top of equipment or if not appropriate any point specified." I would tend to think it corresponds to the MAWP. But PED also states that design pressure is higher that that PS. I was then wondering what would be the equivalent term of PS in the United States. Could you please clarify? November 16, 2008 at 4:51 PM August 2010 September 2010 October 2010 November 2010 December 2011 July 2012 August 2012

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Anonymous said... This post is a very helpful summary! Thanks!

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