MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE PROCESSES The Swot Method - Main Characteristics:

FIRM

The SWOT instrument is intended to highlight those dominant and determining factors, both within and outside of the organisation, which are likely to influence performance and success, as well as to produce relevant strategic guidelines by linking the behaviour of the organisation to its environment. Simply put, the aim of the SWOT analysis is to increase the level of information and thus reduce uncertainty. Elements of the SWOT analysis: A STRENGTH - a resource or capacity of the organisation that can be used effectively to achieve its objectives An OPPORTUNITY any favourable situation in the organisations environment A WEAKNESS - a limitation, fault or defect of the organisation that will keep it from achieving its objectives A THREAT any unfavourable situation in the organisations environment that is potentially hampering the performance or the success of the organisation The actions to be undertaken in the SWOT analysis: BUILD on strengths ELIMINATE weaknesses EXPLOIT opportunities

MITIGATE the effect of threats

HOW TO GO ABOUT IT
1. 5 or more members are considered to be a good number for this exercise. The results might not remain valid if the group is small i.e. 2 or 3. 2. After the visit of the organization and discussion with the key individual, each member of the group is required to fill the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats on individual basis. 3. You as an individual member are also required to insert priorities (ranking) for all the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats as per their importance in your personal view. 4. After this the group is to sit together, decide about a focal person who will have the responsibilities of incorporating the group input(keeping his own input as a part of it) into the key Driving (O/S) and key Hampering (W/T) sheets. 5. Then with the input of the group the Driving and Hampering factors are to be re-ranked irrespective of their previous ranking in the individual worksheets. 6. There is no limit to the number of the factors to be included in the Driving and Hampering sheets till the time the majority of the group members are interested in them. 7. The next step for the focal person is to insert these factors into the first column of the worksheet with Driving factors coming first followed by the Hampering factors. 8. Once all the factors are listed then every member is asked to assign a weight to these depending upon the

importance of the factor in his/her personal opinion on a scale of 3 1( with 3 being the highest in terms of importance ). Any member can give any weight to any factor depending upon his/her own view i.e. all 3s or all 1s or mix of 3,2 and 1s. 9. In the next step the focal person is to calculate the weighted average of the input given by the members(including his/her own) and to insert the results in column 4(Score). 10. Sum column 4 and write the total at the bottom of the column in front of m1. 11. The scores of all the Driving factors are to moved to column 6(Score) as it is. 12. For all the Hampering factors the focal person has to take the input of all the group members (including his/her own). The input has to be for finding the probability of influencing the factor e.g. if 3 out of 5 members are saying that something is possible to overcome a specific Hampering factor then the probability for that will be 0.6. 13.In the next step the focal person is to multiply the score of Hampering factors in column 4 with their respective probabilities calculated in column 5 and insert the results in column 6(Score). 14. Sum column 6 and write the total at the bottom of the column in front of m2. 15. Divide m2 by m1. 16. Compare your results with the scale.

SWOT WORK SHEET

OPPORTUNITIES

OPPORTUNITIES

Priority

SWOT WORK SHEET

STRENGTHS

STRENGTHS

Priority

SWOT WORK SHEET

WEAKNESSES

WEAKNESSES

Priority

SWOT WORK SHEET

THREATS

THREATS

Priority

SWOT WORK SHEET

KEY STRATEGIC FACTORS

KEY DRIVING FACTORS

Priority

o/s

KEY HAMPERING FACTORS

Priority

w/t

SWOT WORK SHEET

WEIGHTING OF CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

PRIORITIES KEY FACTORS o/s w/t o/s o/s o/s o/s o/s w/t w/t w/t w/t w/t
Highest = *3 2:nd highest = *2 3:rd highest = *1 3:rd highest = *1

SCORE

CAN BE INFLUENCED?
Yes=1; No=0 Prob. = 1s/n

SCORE

m2 / m1

m1 = m2/m1 less than 0.5: far too few relevant factors have been identified

m2 =

m2 / m1 =

m2/m1 between 0.5 and 0.7: a considerable number of important factors have been identified

m2/m1 greater than 0.7:

it seems that many of the most significant factors have been identified