BATAS PAMBANSA BLG.

232



AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE
OF AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF EDUCATION

I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

CHAPTER 1
PreIImInary Matters

Scciion 1. Ttc - TIis Aci sIall lc lnown as iIc "Educaiion Aci of 1982."

Scciion 2. Coucugc - TIis Aci sIall aly io and govcrn loiI fornal and non-
fornal sysicns in ullic and rivaic scIools in all lcvcls of iIc cniirc
cducaiional sysicn.

CHAPTER 2
DecIaratIon oI BasIc State PoIIcy and ObjectIves

Scciion 3. Dccuuton o Husc Poc - Ii is iIc olicy of iIc Siaic io csiallisI
and nainiain a conlcic, adcquaic and inicgraicd sysicn of cducaiion rclcvani
io iIc goals of naiional dcvcloncni. Toward iIis cnd, iIc govcrnncni sIall
cnsurc, wiiIin iIc conici of a frcc and dcnocraiic sysicn, nainun
coniriluiion of iIc cducaiional sysicn io iIc aiiainncni of iIc following
naiional dcvcloncnial goals.

1. To acIicvc and nainiain an accclcraiing raic of ccononic dcvcloncni
and social rogrcss;

2. To cnsurc iIc nainun ariiciaiion of all iIc colc in iIc aiiainncni
and cnjoyncni of iIc lcncfiis of sucI growiI; and

3. To acIicvc and sircngiIcn naiional uniiy and consciousncss and
rcscrvc, dcvclo and ronoic dcsirallc culiural, noral and siriiual
valucs in a cIanging world.

TIc Siaic sIall ronoic iIc rigIi of cvcry individual io rclcvani qualiiy
cducaiion, rcgardlcss of sc, agc, crccd, socio-ccononic siaius, Iysical and
ncnial condiiions, racial or ciInic origin, oliiical or oiIcr affiliaiion. TIc Siaic
sIall iIcrcforc ronoic and nainiain cqualiiy of acccss io cducaiion as wcll as
iIc cnjoyncni of iIc lcncfiis of cducaiion ly all iis ciiizcns.

TIc siaic sIall ronoic iIc rigIi of iIc naiion's culiural connuniiics in iIc
ccrcisc of iIcir rigIi io dcvclo iIcnsclvcs wiiIin iIc conici of iIcir culiurcs,
cusions, iradiiions, inicrcsi and lclicf, and rccognizcs cducaiion as an
insiruncni for iIcir nainun ariiciaiion in naiional dcvcloncni and in
cnsuring iIcir involvcncni in acIicving naiional uniiy.

Scciion 4. Dccuuton o OIcctucs - TIc cducaiional sysicn ain io.

1. Providc for a lroad gcncral cducaiion iIai will assisi cacI individual in
iIc cculiar ccology of Iis own sociciy, io

(a} aiiain Iis oicniials as a Iunan lcing;

(l} cnIancc iIc rangc and qualiiy of individual and grou
ariiciaiion in iIc lasic funciions of sociciy; and

(c} acquirc iIc csscniial cducaiional foundaiion of Iis dcvcloncni
inio a roduciivc and vcrsaiilc ciiizcn;

2. Train iIc naiion's nanowcr in iIc niddlc-lcvcl slills for naiional
dcvcloncni;

3. Dcvclo iIc rofcssion iIai will rovidc lcadcrsIi for iIc naiion in iIc
advanccncni of lnowlcdgc for inroving iIc qualiiy of Iunan lifc; and

4. Fcsond cffcciivcly io cIanging nccds and condiiions of iIc naiion
iIrougI a sysicn of cducaiional lanning and cvaluaiion.

Towards iIc rcalizaiion of iIcsc oljcciivcs, and ursuani io iIc Consiiiuiion,
all cducaiional insiiiuiions sIall ain io inculcaic lovc of couniry, icacI iIc
duiics of ciiizcnsIi, and dcvclo noral cIaracicr, crsonal discilinc, and
scicniific, iccInological, and vocaiional cfficicncy.

FuriIcrnorc, iIc cducaiional sysicn sIall rcacI oui io cducaiionally dcrivcd
connuniiics, in ordcr io givc ncaningful rcaliiy io iIcir ncnlcrsIi in iIc
naiional sociciy, io cnricI iIcir civic ariiciaiion in iIc connuniiy and
naiional lifc, and io unify all Filiinos inio a frcc and jusi naiion.

II. THE EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY

CHAPTER 1
PreIImInary ProvIsIons

Scciion 5. Dccuuton o Poc und OIcctucs - Ii is lilcwisc dcclarcd
govcrnncni olicy io fosicr, ai all iincs, a sirii of sIarcd uroscs and
coocraiion anong iIc ncnlcrs and clcncnis of iIc cducaiional connuniiy,
and lciwccn iIc connuniiy and oiIcr scciors of sociciy, in iIc rcalizaiion iIai
only in sucI an ainosIcrc can lc iruc goals and oljcciivcs of cducaiion lc
fulfillcd.

Morcovcr, iIc Siaic sIall.

1. Aid and suori iIc naiural rigIi and duiy of arcnis in iIc rcaring of
iIc youiI iIrougI iIc cducaiional sysicn.

2. Pronoic and safcguard iIc wclfarc and inicrcsi of iIc siudcnis ly
dcfining iIcir rigIis and olligaiions, according iIcn rivilcgcs, and
cncouraging iIc csiallisIncni of sound rclaiionsIis lciwccn iIcn and
iIc oiIcr ncnlcrs of iIc scIool connuniiy.

3. Pronoic iIc social ccononic siaius of all scIool crsonncl, uIold iIcir
rigIis, dcfinc iIcir olligaiions, and inrovc iIcir living and worling
condiiions and carccr rosccis.

4. Eicnd suori io ronoic iIc vialiliiy of iIosc insiiiuiions iIrougI
wIicI arcnis, siudcnis and scIool crsonncl sccl io aiiain iIcir
cducaiional goals.

Scciion 6. Dcnton und Coucugc - "Educaiional connuniiy" rcfcrs io iIosc
crsons or grous of crsons as sucI or associaicd in insiiiuiions involvcd in
organizcd icacIing and lcarning sysicns.

TIc ncnlcrs and clcncnis of iIc cducaiional connuniiy arc.

1. "Parcnis" or guardians or iIc Icad of iIc insiiiuiion or fosicr Ionc
wIicI Ias cusiody of iIc uil or siudcni.

2. "Siudcnis," or iIosc cnrollcd in and wIo rcgularly aiicnd and
cducaiional insiiiuiion of sccondary or IigIcr lcvcl of a crson cngagcd
in fornal siudy. "Puils," arc iIosc wIo rcgularly aiicnd a scIool of
clcncniary lcvcl undcr iIc sucrvision and iuiclagc of a icacIcr.

3. "ScIool crsonncl," or all crsons worling for an cducaiional insiiiuiion,
wIicI includcs iIc following.

a. "TcacIing or acadcnic siaff," or all crsons cngagcd in aciual
icacIing and/or rcscarcI assignncnis, ciiIcr on full-iinc or ari-
iinc lasis, in all lcvcls of iIc cducaiional sysicn.

l. "ScIool adninisiraiors," or all crsons occuying olicy
inlcncniing osiiions Iaving io do wiiI iIc funciions of iIc
scIool in all lcvcls.

c. "Acadcnic non-icacIing crsonncl," or iIosc crsons Iolding
sonc acadcnic qualificaiions and crforning acadcnic funciions
dirccily suoriivc of icacIing, sucI as rcgisirars, lilrarians,
rcscarcI assisianis, rcscarcI aidcs, and sinilar siaff.

d. "Non-acadcnic crsonncl," or all oiIcr scIool crsonncl noi
falling undcr iIc dcfiniiion and covcragc of icacIing and acadcnic
siaff, scIool adninisiraiors and acadcnic non-icacIing crsonncl.

4. "ScIools," or insiiiuiions rccognizcd ly iIc Siaic wIicI undcrialc
cducaiional ocraiions.

Scciion 7. Connunt Putcuton. - Evcry cducaiional insiiiuiion sIall rovidc
for iIc csiallisIncni of aroriaic lodics iIrougI wIicI iIc ncnlcrs of iIc
cducaiional connuniiy nay discuss rclcvani issucs, and connunicaic
infornaiion and suggcsiions for assisiancc and suori of iIc scIool and for
iIc ronoiion of iIcir connon inicrcsi.

Fcrcscniaiivcs fron cacI sulgrou of iIc cducaiional connuniiy sIall sii and
ariiciaic in iIcsc lodics, iIc rulcs and roccdurcs of wIicI nusi lc
arovcd ly iIcn and duly ullisIcd.

CHAPTER 2
RIgbts

Scciion 8. HgIts o Pucnts - In addiiion io oiIcr rigIis undcr cisiing laws, all
arcnis wIo Iavc cIildrcn cnrollcd in a scIool Iavc iIc following rigIis.

1. TIc rigIi io organizc ly iIcnsclvcs and/or wiiI icacIcrs for iIc urosc
of roviding a forun for iIc discussion of naiicrs rclaiing io iIc ioial
scIool rogran, and for cnsuring iIc full coocraiion of arcnis and
icacIcrs in iIc fornulaiion and cfficicni inlcncniaiion of sucI
rograns.

2. TIc rigIi io acccss io any official rccord dirccily rclaiing io iIc cIildrcn
wIo arc undcr iIcir arcnial rcsonsililiiy.

Scciion 9. HgIt o Studcnts n ScIoo - In addiiion io oiIcr rigIis, and suljcci
io iIc liniiaiion rcscrilcd ly law and rcgulaiions, and siudcni and uils in
all scIools sIall cnjoy iIc following rigIis.

1. TIc rigIi io rcccivc, rinarily iIrougI concicni insiruciion, rclcvani
qualiiy cducaiion in linc wiiI naiional goals and conducivc io iIcir full
dcvcloncni as crson wiiI Iunan digniiy.

2. TIc rigIi io frccly cIosc iIcir ficld of siudy suljcci io cisiing curricula
and io coniinuc iIcir coursc iIcrcin u io graduaiion, ccci in cascs of
acadcnic dcficicncy, or violaiion of discilinary rcgulaiions.

3. TIc rigIi io scIool guidancc and counscling scrviccs for dccisions and
sclcciing iIc alicrnaiivcs in ficlds of worl suiicd io Iis oicniialiiics.

4. TIc rigIi of acccss io Iis own scIool rccords, iIc confidcniialiiy of wIicI
iIc scIool sIall nainiain and rcscrvc.

5. TIc rigIi io iIc issuancc of official ccriificaics, dilonas, iranscrii of
rccords, gradcs, iransfcr crcdcniials and oiIcr sinilar docuncnis wiiIin
iIiriy days fron rcqucsi.

6. TIc rigIi io ullisI a siudcni ncwsacr and sinilar ullicaiions, as
wcll as iIc rigIi io inviic rcsourcc crsons during asscnllics, synosia
and oiIcr aciiviiics of sinilar naiurc.

7. TIc rigIi io frcc crcssion of oinions and suggcsiions, and io cffcciivc
cIanncls of connunicaiion wiiI aroriaic acadcnic cIanncls and
adninisiraiivc lodics of iIc scIool or insiiiuiion.

8. TIc rigIi io forn, csiallisI, join and ariiciaic in organizaiions and
sociciics rccognizcd ly iIc scIool io fosicr iIcir inicllcciual, culiural,
siriiual and Iysical growiI and dcvcloncni, or io forn, csiallisI, join
and nainiain organizaiions and sociciics for uroscs noi conirary io
law.

9. TIc rigIi io lc frcc fron involuniary coniriluiions, ccci iIosc
arovcd ly iIcir own Ic organizaiions or sociciics.

Scciion 10. HgIts o u ScIoo Pcsonnc - In addiiion io oiIcr rigIis rovidcd
for ly law, iIc following rigIis sIall lc cnjoycd ly all scIool crsonncl.

1. TIc rigIi io frcc crcssion of oinion and suggcsiions, and io cffcciivc
cIanncls of connunicaiion wiiI aroriaic acadcnic and
adninisiraiivc lodics of iIc scIool or insiiiuiion.

2. TIc rigIi io lc rovidcd wiiI frcc lcgal scrvicc ly iIc aroriaic
govcrnncni officc in iIc casc of ullic scIool crsonncl, and iIrougI iIc
scIool auiIoriiics conccrncd in iIc casc of rivaic scIool crsonncl,
wIcn cIargcd in an adninisiraiivc, civil and/or crininal rocccdings ly
ariics oiIcr iIan iIc scIool or rcgulaiory auiIoriiics conccrncd for
aciions conniiicd dirccily in iIc lawful discIargc of rofcssional duiics
and/or in dcfcnsc of scIool olicics.

3. TIc rigIi io csiallisI, join and nainiain lalor organizaiions and/or
rofcssional and sclf-rcgulaiing organizaiions of iIcir cIoicc io ronoic
iIcir wclfarc and dcfcnd iIcir inicrcsis.

4. TIc rigIi io lc frcc fron involuniary coniriluiions ccci iIosc inoscd
ly iIcir own organizaiions.

Scciion 11. Sccu HgIts und/o Pucgcs o TcucIng o Acudcnc Stu -
FuriIcr io iIc rigIis ncniioncd in iIc rcccding Scciion, cvcry ncnlcr of iIc
icacIing or acadcnic siaff sIall cnjoy iIc following rigIis and/or rivilcgcs.

1. TIc rigIi io lc frcc fron conulsory assignncnis noi rclaicd io iIcir
duiics as dcfincd in iIcir aoinincnis or cnloyncni coniracis, unlcss
concnsaicd iIcrcfor, confornally io cisiing law.

2. TIc rigIi io inicllcciual rocriy consisicni wiiI alicallc laws.

3. TcacIcrs sIall lc dccncd crsons in auiIoriiy wIcn in iIc discIargc of
lawful duiics and rcsonsililiiics, and sIall, iIcrcforc, lc accordcd duc
rcscci and roicciion.

4. TcacIcrs sIall lc accordcd iIc ooriuniiy io cIoosc alicrnaiivc carccr
lincs ciiIcr in scIool adninisiraiion, in classroon icacIing, or oiIcrs,
for uroscs of carccr advanccncni.

Scciion 12. Sccu HgIts o ScIoo Adnnstuton - ScIool adninisiraiors sIall,
in accordancc wiiI cisiing laws, rcgulaiions and olicics of iIc Minisiry of
Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris, lc accordcd sufficicni adninisiraiivc discrciion
ncccssary for iIc cfficicni and cffcciivc crfornancc of iIcir funciions.

ScIool adninisiraiors sIall lc dccncd crsons in auiIoriiy wIilc in iIc
discIargc of lawful duiics and rcsonsililiiics, and sIall iIcrcforc lc accordcd
duc rcscci and roicciion.

Scciion 13. HgIts o ScIoos - In addiiion io oiIcr rigIis rovidcd for ly law,
scIools sIall cnjoy iIc following.

1. TIc rigIi of iIcir govcrning loards or lawful auiIoriiics io rovidc for iIc
rocr govcrnancc of iIc scIool and io adoi and cnforcc adninisiraiivc
or nanagcncni sysicns.

2. TIc rigIi for insiiiuiions of IigIcr lcarning io dcicrninc on acadcnic
grounds wIo sIall lc adniiicd io siudy, wIo nay icacI, and wIai sIall
lc suljccis of iIc siudy and rcscarcI.

CHAPTER 3
DutIes and ObIIgatIons

Scciion 14. Dutcs o Pucnts. - In addiiion io iIosc rovidcd for undcr cisiing
laws, all arcnis sIall Iavc iIc following duiics and olligaiions.

1. Parcnis, individually or collcciivcly, iIrougI iIc scIool sysicns, sIall
Icl carry oui iIc cducaiional oljcciivcs in accordancc wiiI naiional
goals.

2. Parcnis sIall lc olligcd io cnallc iIcir cIildrcn io oliain clcncniary
cducaiion and sIall sirivc io cnallc iIcn io oliain sccondary and IigIcr
cducaiion in iIc ursuancc of iIc rigIi fornaiion of iIc youiI.

3. Parcnis sIall coocraic wiiI iIc scIool in iIc inlcncniaiion of iIc
scIool rogran curricular and co-curricular.

Scciion 15. Dutcs und HcsonsItcs o Studcnts - In addiiion io iIosc
rovidcd for undcr cisiing laws, cvcry siudcni sIall.

1. Ecri Iis uinosi io dcvclo Iis oicniialiiics for scrvicc, ariicularly ly
undcrgoing an cducaiion suiicd io Iis aliliiics, in ordcr iIai Ic nay
lcconc an assci io Iis fanily and io sociciy.

2. UIold iIc acadcnic inicgriiy of iIc scIool, cndcavor io acIicvc
acadcnic cccllcncc and alidc ly iIc rulcs and rcgulaiions govcrning Iis
acadcnic rcsonsililiiics and noral inicgriiy.

3. Pronoic and nainiain iIc cacc and iranquiliiy of iIc scIool ly
olscrving iIc rulcs and discilinc, and ly ccriing cfforis io aiiain
Iarnonious rclaiionsIis wiiI fcllow siudcnis, iIc icacIing and
acadcnic siaff and oiIcr scIool crsonncl.

4. Pariiciaic aciivcly in civic affairs and in iIc ronoiion of iIc gcncral
wclfarc, ariicularly in iIc social, ccononic and culiural dcvcloncni of
Iis connuniiy and in iIc aiiainncni of a jusi, conassionaic and
ordcrly sociciy.

5. Ecrcisc Iis rigIis rcsonsilly in iIc lnowlcdgc iIai Ic is answcrallc
for any infringcncni or violaiion of iIc ullic wclfarc and of iIc rigIis of
oiIcrs.

Scciion 16. TcucIc's OIgutons - Evcry icacIcr sIall.

1. Pcrforn Iis duiics io iIc scIool ly discIarging Iis rcsonsililiiics in
accordancc wiiI iIc IilosoIy, goals, and oljcciivcs of iIc scIool.

2. Dc accouniallc for iIc cfficicni and cffcciivc aiiainncni of sccificd
lcarning oljcciivcs in ursuancc of naiional dcvcloncni goals wiiIin
iIc liniis of availallc scIool rcsourccs.

3. Fcndcr rcgular rcoris on crfornancc of cacI siudcni and io iIc laiicr
and iIc laiicr's arcnis and guardians wiiI sccific suggcsiions for
inrovcncni.

4. Assunc iIc rcsonsililiiy io nainiain and susiain Iis rofcssional
growiI and advanccncni and nainiain rofcssionalisn in Iis lcIavior
ai all iincs.

5. Fcfrain fron naling dcduciions in siudcnis' scIolasiic raiing for acis
iIai arc clcarly noi nanifcsiaiions of oor scIolarsIi.

6. Pariiciaic as an agcni of consiruciivc social, ccononic, noral,
inicllcciual, culiural and oliiical cIangc in Iis scIool and iIc
connuniiy wiiIin iIc conici of naiional olicics.

Scciion 17. ScIoo Adnnstutos' OIgutons - Evcry scIool adninisiraior
sIall.

1. Pcrforn Iis duiics io iIc scIool ly discIarging Iis rcsonsililiiics in
accordancc wiiI iIc IilosoIy, goals and oljcciivcs of iIc scIool.

2. Dc accouniallc for iIc cfficicni and cffcciivc adninisiraiion and
nanagcncni of iIc scIool.

3. Dcvclo and nainiain a IcaliIy scIool ainosIcrc conducivc io iIc
ronoiion and rcscrvaiion of acadcnic frccdon and cffcciivc icacIing
and lcarning, and io Iarnonious and rogrcssivc scIool-crsonncl
rclaiionsIi.

4. Assunc and nainiain rofcssional lcIavior in Iis worl and in dcaling
wiiI siudcnis, icacIcrs, acadcnic non-icacIing crsonncl,
adninisiraiivc siaff, and arcnis or guardians.

5. Fcndcr adcquaic rcoris io icacIcrs, acadcnic non-icacIing crsonncl
and non-acadcnic siaff on iIcir aciual crfornancc in rclaiion io iIcir
cccicd crfornancc and counscl iIcn on ways of inroving iIc sanc.

6. Olscrvc duc roccss, fairncss, ronincss, rivacy, consiruciivcncss
and consisicncy in discilining Iis icacIcrs and oiIcr crsonncl.

7. Mainiain adcquaic rccords and sulnii rcquircd rcoris io iIc Minisiry of
Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris.

Scciion 18. OIgutons o Acudcnc Non-TcucIng Pcsonnc - Acadcnic non-
icacIing crsonncl sIall.

1. Inrovc Iinsclf rofcssionally lc lccing alrcasi of iIc laicsi ircnds
and iccIniqucs in Iis rofcssion.

2. Assunc, ronoic and nainiain an ainosIcrc conducivc io scrvicc and
lcarning.

3. Pronoic and nainiain an ainosIcrc conducivc io scrvicc and lcarning.

III. THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS

CHAPTER 1
FormaI EducatIon

Scciion 19. Dcclaraiion of Policy. - TIc Siaic rccognizcs iIai fornal cducaiion,
or iIc scIool sysicn, in sociciy's rinary lcarning sysicn, and iIcrcforc iIc
nain insiruncni for iIc acIicvcncni of iIc couniry's cducaiional goals and
oljcciivcs.

Scciion 20. Dcnton - "Fornal Educaiional" rcfcrs io iIc IicrarcIically
siruciurcd and cIronologically gradcd lcarning organizcd and rovidcd ly iIc
fornal scIool sysicn and for wIicI ccriificaiion is rcquircd in ordcr for iIc
lcarncr io rogrcss iIrougI iIc gradcs or novc io IigIcr lcvcls. Fornal
cducaiion sIall corrcsond io iIc following lcvcls.

1. Elcncniary Educaiion. - iIc firsi siagc of conulsory, fornal cducaiion
rinarily conccrncd wiiI roviding lasic cducaiion and usually
corrcsonding io si or scvcn gradcs, including rc-scIool rograns.

2. Sccondary Educaiion. - iIc siaic of fornal cducaiion following iIc
clcncniary lcvcl conccrncd rinarily wiiI coniinuing lasic cducaiion
and canding ii io includc iIc lcarning of cnloyallc gainful slills,
usually corrcsonding io four ycars of IigI scIool.

3. Tcriiary Educaiion. - osi sccondary scIooling is IigIcr cducaiion
lcading io a dcgrcc in a sccific rofcssion or discilinc.

Scciion 21. OIcctucs o Ecncntu Educuton - TIc oljcciivcs of clcncniary
cducaiion arc.

1. To rovidc iIc lnowlcdgc and dcvclo iIc slills, aiiiiudcs, and valucs
csscniial io crsonal dcvcloncni and ncccssary for living in and
coniriluiing io a dcvcloing and cIanging social nilicu;

2. To rovidc lcarning ccricnccs wIicI incrcasc iIc cIild's awarcncss of
and rcsonsivcncss io iIc cIangcs in and jusi dcnands of sociciy and io
rcarc Iin for consiruciivc and cffcciivc involvcncni;

3. To ronoic and inicnsify iIc cIild's lnowlcdgc of, idcniificaiion wiiI,
and lovc for iIc naiion and iIc colc io wIicI Ic lclongs; and

4. To ronoic worl ccricnccs wIicI dcvclo iIc cIild's oricniaiion io iIc
world of worl and crcaiiviiy and rcarc Iinsclf io cngagc in Ioncsi and
gainful worl.

Scciion 22. OIcctucs o Sccondu Educuton. - TIc oljcciivcs of sccondary
cducaiion arc.

1. To coniinuc io ronoic iIc oljcciivcs of clcncniary cducaiion; and

2. To discovcr and cnIancc iIc diffcrcni aiiiudcs and inicrcsis of iIc
siudcnis so as io cqui Iin wiiI slills for roduciivc cndcavor and/or
rcarc Iin for icriiary scIooling.

Scciion 23. OIcctuc o Tctu Educuton. - TIc oljcciivcs of icriiary cducaiion
arc.

1. To rovidc a gcncral cducaiion rogran iIai will ronoic naiional
idcniiiy, culiural consciousncss, noral inicgriiy and siriiual vigor;

2. To irain iIc naiion's nanowcr in iIc slills rcquircd for naiional
dcvcloncni;

3. To dcvclo iIc rofcssions iIai will rovidc lcadcrsIi for iIc naiion; and

4. To advancc lnowlcdgc iIrougI rcscarcI worl and aly ncw lnowlcdgc
for inroving iIc qualiiy of Iunan lifc and rcsonding cffcciivcly io
cIanging socicial nccds and condiiions.

CHAPTER 2
Non-EducatIon and SpecIaIIzed EducatIonaI ServIces

Scciion 24. Sccuzcd Educutonu Scucc - TIc Siaic furiIcr rccognizcs iis
rcsonsililiiy io rovidc, wiiIin iIc conici of iIc fornal cducaiion sysicn,
scrviccs io ncci sccial nccds of ccriain clicniclc. TIcsc sccific iycs, wIicI
sIall lc guidcd ly iIc lasic olicics of iIc Siaic cnlodicd in iIc Ccncral
Provisions of iIis Aci, includc.

1. "Worl Educaiion," or "Praciical Aris," as a rogran of lasic cducaiion
wIicI ains io dcvclo iIc rigIi aiiiiudcs iowards worl; and "iccInical-
vocaiional cducaiion," osi-sccondary lui non-dcgrcc rograns lcading
io onc, iwo, or iIrcc ycar ccriificaics in rcaraiion for a grou of
niddlc-lcvcl occuaiions.

2. "Sccial Educaiion," iIc cducaiion of crsons wIo arc Iysically,
ncnially, cnoiionally, socially, or culiurally diffcrcni fron iIc so-callcd
"nornal" individuals iIai iIcy rcquirc nodificaiion of scIool
raciiccs/scrviccs io dcvclo iIcn io iIcir nainun caaciiy; and

3. "Non-fornal Educaiion," any organizcd scIool-lascd cducaiional
aciiviiics undcrialcn ly iIc Minisiry of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris
and oiIcr agcncics aincd ai aiiaining sccific lcarning oljcciivcs for a
ariicular clicniclc, csccially iIc illiicraics and iIc oui-of-scIool youiI
and adulis, disiinci fron and ouisidc iIc rcgular offcrings of iIc fornal
scIool sysicn.

TIc oljcciivcs of non-fornal cducaiion arc as follows.

a. To cradicaic illiicracy and raisc iIc lcvcl of funciional liicracy of
iIc oulaiion;

l. To rovidc uncnloycd and undcrcnloycd youiI and adulis
wiiI aroriaic vocaiional/iccInical slills io cnallc iIcn io
lcconc norc roduciivc and cffcciivc ciiizcns; and

c. To dcvclo anong iIc clicniclc of non-fornal cducaiion rocr
valucs and aiiiiudcs ncccssary for crsonal, connuniiy and
naiional dcvcloncni.



CHAPTER 3
EstabIIsbment oI ScbooIs

Scciion 25. EstuIsIncnt o ScIoos - All scIools sIall lc csiallisIcd in
accordancc wiiI law. TIc csiallisIncni of ncw naiional scIools and iIc
convcrsion of cisiing scIools fron clcncniary io naiional sccondary or icriiary
scIools sIall lc ly law. Providcd, TIai any rivaic scIool rooscd io lc
csiallisIcd nusi incororaic as an non-siocl cducaiional cororaiion in
accordancc wiiI iIc rovisions of iIc Cororaiion Codc of iIc PIiliincs. TIis
rcquircncni io incororaic nay lc waivcd in iIc casc of fanily-adninisicrcd
rc-scIool insiiiuiions.

Covcrnncni assisiancc io sucI scIools for cducaiional rograns sIall lc uscd
cclusivcly for iIai urosc.

Scciion 26. Dcnton o Tcns - TIc icrns uscd in iIis CIaicr arc dcfincd as
follows.

1. "ScIools" arc duly csiallisIcd insiiiuiions of lcarning or cducaiional
insiiiuiions.

2. "Pullic ScIools" arc cducaiional insiiiuiions csiallisIcd and
adninisicrcd ly iIc govcrnncni.

3. "Privaic ScIools" arc cducaiional insiiiuiions nainiaincd and
adninisicrcd ly rivaic individuals or grous.

Scciion 27. Hccognton o ScIoos - TIc cducaiional ocraiions of scIools sIall
lc suljcci io iIcir rior auiIorizaiion of iIc govcrnncni, and sIall lc affccicd
ly rccogniiion. In iIc casc of govcrnncni ocraicd scIools, wIciIcr local,
rcgional, or naiional, rccogniiion of cducaiional rograns and/or ocraiions
sIall lc dccncd granicd sinuliancously wiiI csiallisIncni.

In all oiIcr casc iIc rulcs and rcgulaiions govcrning rccogniiion sIall lc
rcscrilcd and cnforccd ly iIc Minisiry of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris
dcfining iIcrcin wIo arc qualificd io aly, roviding for a crnii sysicn,
siaiing iIc condiiions for iIc grani of rccogniiion and for iis canccllaiion and
wiiIdrawal, and roviding for rclaicd naiicrs.

Scciion 28. Eccts o Hccognton; PunsIuIc Voutons - TIc issuancc of a
ccriificaic of rccogniiion io a scIool sIall Iavc iIc following cffccis.

1. Ii iransforns iIc icnorary crnii io a crnancni auiIoriiy io ocraic;

2. Ii cniiilcd iIc scIool or collcgc io givc iIc siudcnis wIo Iavc conlcicd
iIc coursc for wIicI rccogniiion is granicd, a ccriificaic, iiilc or dilona;
and

3. Ii sIall cniiilc iIc siudcnis wIo Iavc graduaicd fron said rccognizcd
coursc or courscs io all iIc lcncfiis and rivilcgcs cnjoycd ly graduaics
in sinilar courscs of siudics in all scIools rccognizcd ly iIc govcrnncni.

Ocraiion of scIools and cducaiional rograns wiiIoui auiIorizaiion, and/or
ocraiion iIcrcof in violaiion of iIc icrns of rccogniiion, arc Icrcly dcclarcd
unisIallc violaiions suljcci io iIc cnaliics rovidcd in iIis Aci.

Scciion 29. Vountu Acccdtuton - TIc Minisiry sIall cncouragc rograns of
voluniary accrcdiiaiion for insiiiuiion wIicI dcsirc io ncci siandards of qualiiy
ovcr and alovc nininun rcquircd for Siaic rccogniiion.

CHAPTER 4
InternaI OrganIzatIon oI ScbooIs

Scciion 30. Ogunzuton o ScIoos - EacI scIool sIall csiallisI sucI inicrnal
organizaiion as will lcsi cnallc ii io carry oui iis acadcnic and adninisiraiivc
funciions, suljcci io liniiaiions rovidcd ly law.

EacI scIool csiallisI sucI arrangcncnis for iIc caccful sciilcncni of
disuics lciwccn or anong iIc ncnlcrs of iIc cducaiional connuniiy.

Scciion 31. Goucnng Houd - Evcry govcrnncni collcgc or univcrsiiy as a
icriiary insiiiuiion and cvcry rivaic scIool sIall Iavc a govcrning loard
ursuani io iis cIaricr or iIc Cororaiion Codc of iIc PIiliincs, as iIc casc
nay lc.

Scciion 32. Pcsonnc Tunsuctons - TIc icrns and condiiions of cnloyncni of
crsonncl in govcrnncni scIools sIall lc govcrncd ly iIc Civil Scrvicc,
ludgciary and concnsaiion laws and rulcs.

In rivaic scIools, disuic arising fron cnloycr-cnloycc rclaiions sIall fall
undcr iIc jurisdiciion of iIc Minisiry of Lalor and Enloyncni as rovidcd for
ly law rcgulaiions. Providcd, TIai in vicw of iIc sccial cnloyncni siaius of
iIc icacIing and acadcnic non-icacIing crsonncl, and iIcir sccial rolcs in
iIc advanccncni of lnowlcdgc, siandards sci or ronulgaicd joinily ly iIc
Minisiry of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris and ly iIc Minisiry of Lalor and
Enloyncni sIall lc alicd ly iIc Minisiry of Lalor and Enloyncni.
Providcd, furiIcr, TIai cvcry rivaic scIool sIall csiallisI and inlcncni an
aroriaic sysicn wiiIin iIc scIool for iIc roni and ordcrly sciilcncni of
rovisions of Ariiclcs 262 and 263 of iIc Lalor Codc.

CHAPTER S
ScbooI FInance and AssIstance

Scciion 33. Dccuuton o Poc - Ii is Icrcly dcclarcd io lc iIc olicy of iIc
Siaic iIai iIc naiional govcrnncni sIall coniriluic io iIc financial suori of
cducaiional rograns ursuani io goals of cducaiion as dcclarcd in iIc
Consiiiuiion. Towards iIis cnd, iIc govcrnncni sIall.

1. Adoi ncasurcs io lroadcn acccss io cducaiion iIrougI financial
assisiancc and oiIcr forns of inccniivcs io scIools, icacIcrs, uils and
siudcnis; and

2. Encouragc and siinulaic rivaic suori io cducaiion iIrougI, inicr alia,
fiscal and oiIcr assisiancc ncasurcs.

A. FUNDING OF REPUBLIC SCHOOLS

Scciion 34. Nutonu Funds - Pullic scIool sIall coniinuc io lc fundcd fron
naiional funds. Providcd, TIai local govcrnncnis sIall lc cncouragcd io
assunc ocraiion of local ullic scIools on iIc lasis of naiional fund
ariiciaiion and adcquaic rcvcnuc sourccs wIicI nay lc assigncd ly iIc
naiional govcrnncni for iIc urosc.

Scciion 35. Fnuncu Ad Assstuncc to PuIc Sccondu ScIoos - TIc naiional
govcrnncni sIall cicnd financial aid and assisiancc io ullic sccondary
scIools csiallisIcd and nainiaincd ly local govcrnncnis, including larangay
IigI scIools.

Scciion 36. SIuc o Locu Goucnncnt - Provinccs, ciiics and nunicialiiics and
larangays sIall aroriaic funds in iIcir annual ludgcis for iIc ocraiion
and nainicnancc of ullic sccondary scIools on iIc lasis of naiional fund
ariiciaiion.

Scciion 37. Sccu Educuton Fund - TIc rocccds of iIc Sccial Educaiion
Fund accruing io local govcrnncnis sIall lc uscd cclusivcly for iIc uroscs
cnuncraicd in Scciion 1 of Fcullic Aci No. 5447, and in accordancc wiiI
rulcs and rcgulaiions issucd ly iIc Minisiry of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris
and iIc Minisiry of iIc Dudgci. Said rocccds sIall lc considcrcd a local fund
and sIall lc suljcci io Prcsidcniial Dccrccs No. 477, Prcsidcniial Dccrcc No.
1375 and oiIcr alicallc local ludgci laws and rcgulaiions.

Scciion 38. Tuton und otIc ScIoo Fccs - Sccondary and osi-sccondary
scIools nay cIargc iuiiion and oiIcr scIool fccs, in ordcr io inrovc faciliiics
or io acconnodaic norc siudcnis.

Scciion 39. Inconc on otIc Souccs - Covcrnncni-suoricd cducaiional
insiiiuiion nay rcccivc granis, lcgacics, donaiions and gifis for uroscs
allowcd ly cisiing laws.

FuriIcrnorc, inconc gcncraicd fron roduciion aciiviiics and fron auiliary
cnicrriscs nay lc rciaincd and uscd for scIools conccrncd in accordancc wiiI
rulcs and rcgulaiions joinily issucd consisicnily wiiI criincni aroriaiion
and ludgciary laws ly iIc Minisiry of iIc Dudgci, iIc Minisiry of Educaiion,
Culiurc and Soris and iIc Connission on Audii.




B. FUNDING OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS

Scciion 40. Fundng o Puutc ScIoos - Privaic scIools nay lc fundcd fron
iIcir caiial invcsincni or cquiiy coniriluiions, iuiiion fccs and oiIcr scIool
cIargcs, granis, loans, sulsidics, assivc invcsincni inconc and inconc fron
oiIcr sourccs.

Scciion 41. Goucnncnt Assstuncc - TIc govcrnncni, in rccogniiion of iIcir
conlcncniary rolc in iIc cducaiional sysicn, nay rovidc aid io iIc rograns
of rivaic scIools in iIc forn of granis or scIolarsIis, or loans fron
govcrnncni financial insiiiuiions. Providcd, TIai sucI rograns ncci ccriain
dcfincd cducaiional rcquircncnis and siandards and coniriluic io iIc
aiiainncni of naiional dcvcloncni goals.

Scciion 42. Tuton und OtIc Fccs - EacI rivaic scIool sIall dcicrninc iis raic
of iuiiion and oiIcr scIool fccs or cIargcs. TIc raics and cIargcs adoicd ly
scIools ursuani io iIis rovision sIall lc collcciillc, and iIcir alicaiion or
usc auiIorizcd, suljcci io rulcs and rcgulaiions ronulgaicd ly iIc Minisiry of
Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris.

Scciion 43. Inconc on OtIc Souccs - Any rivaic scIool duly rccognizcd ly
iIc govcrnncni, nay rcccivc any grani and lcgacy, donaiion, gifi, lcqucsi or
dcvisc fron any individual, insiiiuiion, cororaiion, foundaiion, irusi of
IilaniIroic organizaiion, or rcscarcI insiiiuiion or organizaiion as nay lc
auiIorizcd ly law.

FuriIcrnorc, rivaic scIools arc auiIorizcd io cngagc in any auiliary
cnicrrisc io gcncraic inconc rinarily io financc iIcir cducaiional ocraiions
and/or io rcducc iIc nccd io incrcasc siudcnis' fccs.

Scciion 44. Insttutonu Funds - TIc rocccds fron iuiiion fccs and oiIcr scIool
cIargcs, as wcll as oiIcr inconc of scIools, sIall lc ircaicd as insiiiuiional
funds. ScIools nay ool iIcir insiiiuiional funds, in wIolc or in ari, undcr
joini nanagcncni for iIc urosc of gcncraiing addiiional financial rcsourccs.

C. INCENTIVES TO EDUCATION

Scciion 45. Dccuuton o Poc - Ii is iIc olicy of iIc Siaic in iIc ursuii of iis
naiional cducaiion dcvcloncni goals io rovidc an inccniivc rogran io
cncouragc iIc ariiciaiion of iIc connuniiy in iIc dcvcloncni of iIc
cducaiional sccior.

Scciion 46. Hcutng to ScIoo Poct - Fcal rocriy, sucI as lands, luildings
and oiIcr inrovcncnis iIcrcon uscd aciually, dirccily and cclusivcly for
cducaiional uroscs sIall lc suljcci io iIc rcal rocriy ia lascd on an
asscssncni of fificcn cr ccni of iIc narlci valuc of sucI rocriy. Providcd,
TIai all iIc rocccds fron iIc ayncni iIcrcof sIall accruc io a sccial rivaic
cducaiion fund wIicI sIall lc nanagcd and dislurscd ly a local rivaic scIool
loard wIicI sIall lc consiiiuicd in cacI nunicialiiy or cIaricrcd ciiy wiiI
rivaic cducaiional insiiiuiions wiiI iIc nayor or Iis rcrcscniaiivc as
cIairnan and noi norc iIan iwo rcrcscniaiivcs of iIc insiiiuiional iaaycrs,
and, lilcwisc, noi norc iIan iwo rcsidcnis of iIc nunicialiiy or cIaricrcd ciiy
wIo arc alunni of any of iIc insiiiuiional iaaycrs as ncnlcrs. Providcd,
furiIcr, TIai fifiy crccni of iIc addiiional onc crccni ia on rcal csiaic
rocriy rovidcd for undcr Fcullic Aci 5447, sIall accruc io iIc sccial
rivaic cducaiion fund. Providcd, finally, TIai in nunicialiiics or cIaricrcd
ciiics wIcrcin iIc nunlcr of rivaic insiiiuiions wiiI individual cnrollncni of
uils and siudcnis ovcr fivc iIousand ccccds fificcn, iIc ncnlcrs of iIc
rivaic scIool loard sIall lc incrcascd io noi norc iIan fouriccn ncnlcrs
dcicrnincd rooriionaicly ly iIc Minisicr of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris.
TIc rivaic scIool loard sIall adoi iis own rulcs wIicI sIall cnallc ii io
financc iIc annual rograns and rojccis of cacI insiiiuiional iaaycr for iIc
following uroscs; siudcni-uil scIolarsIis; inrovcncni of insiruciional,
including laloraiory, faciliiics and/or cquincni; lilrary lools and criodicals
acquisiiion; and cicnsion scrvicc in iIc connuniiy, in iIai ordcr of rioriiy.

Scciion 47. Hcutng to Gts o Donutons to ScIoos - All gifis or donaiion in
favor of any scIool, collcgc or univcrsiiy rccognizcd ly iIc Covcrnncni sIall
noi lc suljcci io ia; Providcd, TIai sucI gifis or donaiions sIall lc for
inrovcncni of classroons and laloraiory of lilrary faciliiics, and sIall noi
inurc io iIc lcncfii of any officcr, dirccior, official, or owncr or owncrs of iIc
scIool, or aid oui as salary, adjusincnis or allowancc of any forn or naiurc
wIaisocvcr, ccci in suori of faculiy and/or rofcssorial cIairs.

Scciion 48. Hcutng to Eunngs on EstuIsIcd ScIousI Funds - All
carnings fron iIc invcsincni of any duly csiallisIcd scIolarsIi fund of any
scIool rccognizcd ly iIc govcrnncni, consiiiuicd fron gifis io iIc scIool,
and/or fron coniriluiions or oiIcr rcsourccs assigncd io said fund ly iIc
scIool, if said carnings arc aciually uscd io fund addiiional scIolarsIi granis
io financially dcscrving siudcnis sIall lc ccni fron ia uniil iIc scIolarsIi
fund is fully liquidaicd, wIcn iIc ouisianding lalancc iIcrcof sIall lc suljcci
io ia.

Scciion 49. ScIoo Dscsu Pogun - All gains rcalizcd fron iIc salc,
disosiiion or iransfcr of rocriy, rcal or crsonal, of any duly csiallisIcd
rivaic scIool, collcgc or univcrsiiy, in ursuancc of a scIool discrsal rogran
of iIc govcrnncni or of iIc cducaiional insiiiuiion as arovcd ly iIc
govcrnncni, sIall lc considcrcd ccni fron ia if iIc ioial rocccds of iIc
salc arc rcinvcsicd in a ncw or cisiing duly csiallisIcd scIool, collcgc, or
univcrsiiy locaicd in iIc discrsal siic, wiiIin onc (1} ycar fron iIc daic of sucI
salc, iransfcr or disosiiion; oiIcrwisc, all iacs duc on iIc gains rcalizcd fron
iIc iransaciion sIall inncdiaicly lcconc duc and ayallc.

Scciion 50. Conucson to Educutonu Foundutons - An cducaiional insiiiuiion
nay convcri iisclf inio a non-siocl, non-rofii cducaiional foundaiion, in
accordancc wiiI iIc inlcncniing rulcs io lc issucd joinily ly iIc Minisiry of
Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris and iIc Minisiry of Financc.

In iIc casc of siocl cororaiions, if for any rcason iis cororaic cisicncc as an
cducaiional insiiiuiion ccascs and is noi rcncwcd, all iis nci asscis aficr
liquidaiion of iIc lialiliiics and oiIcr olligaiions nay lc convcycd and
iransfcrrcd io any non-rofii cducaiional insiiiuiion or succcssor non-rofii
cducaiional insiiiuiion or io lc uscd in sucI nanncr as in iIc judgncni of said
couri will lcsi acconlisI iIc gcncral uroscs for wIicI iIc dissolvcd
organizaiion was organizcd, or io iIc Siaic.

D. ASSISTANCE TO STUDENTS

Scciion 51. Goucnncnt Assstuncc to Studcnts - TIc govcrnncni sIall rovidc
financial assisiancc io financially disadvaniagcd and dcscrving siudcnis. SucI
assisiancc nay lc in iIc forn of Siaic scIolarsIis, granis-in-aid, assisiancc
fron iIc Educaiional Loan Fund, or sulsidizcd iuiiion raics in Siaic collcgcs
and univcrsiiics.

All iIc alovc and sinilar assisiancc rograns sIall rovidc for rcscrvc quoias
for financially nccdcd lui acadcnically qualificd siudcnis fron iIc naiional
culiural connuniiics.

Scciion 52. Gunt o ScIousI Pusuunt to Exstng Luus - Educaiional
insiiiuiions sIall lc cncouragcd io grani scIolarsIis io siudcnis ursuani io
iIc rovisions of cisiing laws and sucI scIolarsIi ncasurcs as nay Icrcaficr
lc rovidcd for ly law.

Scciion 53. Assstuncc on tIc Puutc Sccto - TIc rivaic sccior, csccially
cducaiional insiiiuiions, lusincss and indusiry, sIall lc cncouragcd io grani
financial assisiancc io siudcnis, csccially iIosc undcrialing rcscarcI in iIc
ficlds of scicncc and iccInology or in sucI rojccis as nay lc ncccssary wiiIin
iIc conici of naiional dcvcloncni.

IV. THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS

CHAPTER 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Scciion 54. Dccuuton o Poc - TIc adninisiraiion of iIc cducaiion sysicn
and, ursuani io iIc rovisions of iIc Consiiiuiion, iIc sucrvision and
rcgulaiion of cducaiional insiiiuiions arc Icrcly vcsicd in iIc Minisiry of
Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris, wiiIoui rcjudicc io iIc rovisions of iIc
cIaricr of any siaic collcgc and univcrsiiy.

Scciion 55. Ogunzuton - TIc Minisiry sIall lc Icadcd ly iIc Minisicr of
Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris wIo sIall lc assisicd ly onc or norc Dcuiy
Minisicrs.

TIc organizaiion of iIc Minisiry sIall consisi of (a} iIc Minisiry Procr
conoscd of iIc inncdiaic Officc of iIc Minisicr, and iIc Scrviccs of iIc
Minisiry, (l} iIc Doard of HigIcr Educaiion, wIicI is Icrcly csiallisIcd, (c} iIc
Durcau of Elcncniary Educaiion, iIc Durcau of Sccondary Educaiion, iIc
Durcau of HigIcr Educaiion, iIc Durcau of TccInical and Vocaiional Educaiion,
and iIc Durcau of Coniinuing Educaiion, wIicI arc Icrcly csiallisIcd, (d}
Fcgional officcs and ficld officcs, (c} iIc Naiional ScIolarsIi Ccnicr and sucI
oiIcr agcncics as arc now or nay lc csiallisIcd ursuani io law, and (f} iIc
culiural agcncics, nancly. iIc Naiional Lilrary, iIc Naiional Hisiorical Insiiiuic,
iIc Naiional Muscun, and iIc Insiiiuic of Naiional Languagc. SucI of iIc
alovc officcs as arc crcaicd or auiIorizcd io lc csiallisIcd undcr iIis rovision,
sIall lc organizcd and siaffcd and sIall funciion, suljcci io iIc aroval of iIc
Prcsidcni, uon rcconncndaiion of iIc Minisicr of Educaiion, Culiurc and
Soris in consuliaiion wiiI iIc Prcsidcniial Connission on Fcorganizaiion.

Scciion 56. TIc Naiional Doard of Educaiion is Icrcly alolisIcd, and iis
aroriaiions, crsonncl, rccords, and cquincni arc Icrcly iransfcrrcd io
iIc Officc of iIc Minisicr of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris.

Scciion 57. Functons und Poucs o tIc Mnst - TIc Minisiry sIall.

1. Fornulaic gcncral cducaiion oljcciivcs and olicics, and adoi long-
rangc cducaiional lans;

2. Plan, dcvclo and inlcncni rograns and rojccis in cducaiion and
culiurc;

3. Pronulgaic rulcs and rcgulaiions ncccssary for iIc adninisiraiion,
sucrvision and rcgulaiion of iIc cducaiional sysicn in accordancc wiiI
dcclarcd olicy;

4. Sci u gcncral oljcciivcs for iIc scIool sysicn;

5. Coordinaic iIc aciiviiics and funciions of iIc scIool sysicn and iIc
various culiural agcncics undcr ii;

6. Coordinaic and worl wiiI agcncics conccrncd wiiI iIc cducaiional and
culiural dcvcloncni of iIc naiional culiural connuniiics; and

7. Fcconncnd and siudy lcgislaiion rooscd for adoiion.

Scciion 58. Hcot to tIc Hutusung PunIunsu. - TIc Minisicr of Educaiion,
Culiurc and Soris sIall nalc an annual rcori io iIc Daiasang Panlansa on
iIc inlcncniaiion of iIc naiional lasic cducaiion lan, iIc currcni condiiion
of iIc cducaiion rograns, iIc adcquacy or dcficicncy of iIc aroriaiions and
siaius of ccndiiurcs, iIc inaci of cducaiion on iIc diffcrcni rcgions, iIc
growiI of cnrollncni, iIc adcquacy of acadcnic faciliiics, iIc conccniraiion of
low inconc grous, or iIc suly of icacIing and non-icacIing crsonncl, wiiI
sucI conncnis and aroriaic rcconncndaiions iIiriy (30} days lcforc iIc
ocning of iis rcgular scssion.

CHAPTER 2
BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Scciion 59. Dccuuton o Poc - HigIcr cducaiion will lc granicd iowards iIc
rovision of lciicr qualiiy cducaiion, iIc dcvcloncni of niddlc and IigI-lcvcl
nanowcr, and iIc inicnsificaiion of rcscarcI and cicnsion scrviccs. TIc nain
iIrusi of IigIcr cducaiion is io acIicvc cquiiy, cfficicncy, and IigI qualiiy in
iIc insiiiuiions of IigIcr lcarning loiI ullic and rivaic, so iIai iogciIcr iIcy
will rovidc a conlcic sci of rogran offcrings iIai ncci loiI naiional and
rcgional dcvcloncni nccds.

Scciion 60. Ogunzuton o tIc Houd o HgIc Educuton - TIc Doard of HigIcr
Educaiion is rcconsiiiuicd as an advisory lody io iIc Minisicr of Educaiion,
Culiurc and Soris. TIc Doard sIall lc conoscd of a Dcuiy Minisicr of
Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris dcsignaicd as CIairnan and four oiIcr
ncnlcrs io lc aoinicd ly iIc Prcsidcni of iIc PIiliincs uon noninaiion
ly iIc Minisicr of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris for a icrn of four ycars. TIc
four ncnlcrs sIall Iavc disiinguisIcd iIcnsclvcs in iIc ficld of IigIcr
cducaiion and dcvcloncni ciiIcr in iIc ullic or rivaic sccior. In iIc iniiial
aoinincni of iIc non-c officio ncnlcrs, iIc firsi aoinicc sIall scrvc for a
icrn of four ycars; iIc sccond for a icrn of iIrcc ycars; iIc iIird for a icrn of
iwo ycars; and iIc fouriI for a icrn of onc ycar. TIc Dirccior of iIc Durcau of
HigIcr Educaiion sIall ariiciaic in iIc dclilcraiion of iIc Doard lui wiiIoui
iIc rigIi io voic. TIc Durcau of HigIcr Educaiion sIall rovidc iIc Doard wiiI
iIc ncccssary iccInical and siaff suori. Providcd, TIai iIc Doard nay crcaic
iccInical ancls of ccris in iIc various discilincs as iIc nccd ariscs.

Scciion 61. Functon o tIc Houd o HgIc Educuton. - TIc Doard sIall.

1. Malc olicy rcconncndaiions rcgarding iIc lanning and nanagcncni
of iIc inicgraicd sysicn of IigIcr cducaiion and iIc coniinuing
cvaluaiion iIcrcof.

2. Fcconncnd io iIc Minisicr of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris sics io
inrovc iIc govcrnancc of iIc various cononcnis of iIc IigIcr
cducaiion sysicn ai naiional and rcgional lcvcls.

3. Assisi iIc Minisicr of Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris in naling
rcconncndaiion rclaiivcs io iIc gcncraiion of rcsourccs and iIcir
allocaiion for IigIcr cducaiion.

CHAPTER 3
THE BUREAUS

Scciion 62. Hucuu o Ecncntu Educuton - TIc Durcau sIall crforn iIc
following funciions.

1. Conduci siudics and fornulaic, dcvclo, and cvaluaic rograns and
cducaiional siandards for clcncniary cducaiion;

2. Undcrialc siudics ncccssary for iIc rcaraiion of roioiyc curricular
dcsigns, insiruciional naicrials, and icacIcr iraining rograns for
clcncniary cducaiion; and

3. Fornulaic guidclincs io inrovc clcncniary scIool Iysical lanis and
cquincni, and gcncral nanagcncni of iIcsc scIools.

Scciion 63. Hucuu o Sccondu Educuton - TIc Durcau sIall crforn iIc
following funciions.

1. Conduci siudics and fornulaic, dcvclo and cvaluaic rograns and
cducaiional siandards for sccondary cducaiion;

2. Dcvclo curricular dcsigns, rcarc insiruciional naicrials, and rcarc
and cvaluaic rograns io udaic iIc qualiiy of iIc icacIing and non-
icacIing siaff ai iIc sccondary lcvcl;

3. Fornulaic guidclincs io inrovc iIc sccondary scIool Iysical lanis
and cquincni, and gcncral nanagcncni of iIcsc scIools.

Scciion 64. Hucuu o TccIncu und Vocutonu Educuton. - TIc Durcau sIall
crforn iIc following.

1. Collaloraic wiiI oiIcr agcncics in iIc fornulaiion of nanowcr lans;

2. Conduci siudics, fornulaic, dcvclo and cvaluaic osi-sccondary
vocaiional-iccInical rograns and rcconncnd cducaiional siandards for
iIcsc rograns;

3. Dcvclo curricular dcsigns and rcarc insiruciional naicrials, rcarc
and cvaluaic rograns io ugradc iIc qualiiy of icacIing and non-
icacIing siaff, and fornulaic guidclincs io inrovc iIc Iysical lani
and cquincni of osi-sccondary vocaiional-iccInical scIools.

Scciion 65. Hucuu o HgIc Educuton - TIc Durcau of IigIcr Educaiion sIall
crforn iIc following funciions.

1. Dcvclo, fornulaic and cvaluaic rograns, rojccis and cducaiional
siandards for a IigIcr cducaiion;

2. Providc siaff assisiancc io iIc Doard of HigIcr Educaiion in iis olicy
fornulaiion and advisory funciions;

3. Providc iccInical assisiancc io cncouragc insiiiuiional dcvcloncni
rograns and rojccis;

4. Conilc, analyzc and cvaluaic daia on IigIcr cducaiion; and

5. Pcrforn oiIcr funciions rovidcd for ly law.

Scciion 66. Hucuu o Contnung Educuton - As iIc nain inlcncniing arn of
iIc non-fornal cducaiion rograns of iIc Minisiry, iIc Durcau sIall rovidc
lcarning rograns or aciiviiics iIai sIall.

1. Scrvc as a ncans of ncciing iIc lcarning nccds of iIosc unallc io avail
iIcnsclvcs of iIc cducaiional scrviccs and rograns of fornal cducaiion;

2. Providc ooriuniiics for iIc acquisiiion of slills ncccssary io cnIancc
and cnsurc coniinuing cnloyaliliiy, cfficicncy, roduciiviiy, and
conciiiivcncss in iIc lalor narlci;

3. Scrvc as a ncans for canding acccss io cducaiional ooriuniiics io
ciiizcns of varicd inicrcsis, dcnograIic cIaracicrisiics and socio-
ccononic origins or siaius.

CHAPTER 4
REGIONAL OFFICES

Scciion 67. Functons - A rcgional officc sIall.

1. Fornulaic iIc rcgional lan of cducaiion lascd on iIc naiional lan of
iIc Minisiry ialing inio accouni iIc sccific nccds and sccial iradiiions
of iIc rcgion;

2. Inlcncni cducaiion laws, olicics, lans, rograns, rulcs and
rcgulaiions of iIc Minisiry or agcncy in iIc rcgional arca;

3. Providc ccononical, cfficicni and cffcciivc cducaiion scrviccs io iIc
colc in iIc arca.

V. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

CHAPTER 1
PENAL ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS

Scciion 68. Pcnut Cuusc - Any crson uon conviciion for an aci in violaiion
of Scciion 28, CIaicr 3, Tiilc III alovc, sIall lc unisIcd wiiI a finc of noi lcss
iIan iwo iIousand csos (P2,000.00} nor norc iIan icn iIousand csos
(P10,000.00} or inrisonncni for a nainun criod of iwo (2} ycars, or loiI,
in iIc discrciion of iIc couri.

If iIc aci is conniiicd ly a scIool cororaiion, iIc scIool Icad iogciIcr wiiI
iIc crson or crsons rcsonsillc for iIc offcnsc or violaiion sIall lc cqually
liallc.

Scciion 69. Adnnstutuc Suncton - TIc Minisicr of Educaiion, Culiurc and
Soris nay rcscrilc and inosc sucI adninisiraiivc sanciion as Ic nay dccn
rcasonallc and aroriaic in iIc inlcncniing rulcs and rcgulaiions
ronulgaicd ursuani io iIis Aci for any of iIc following causcs.

1. Misnanagcncni of scIool ocraiions;

2. Cross incfficicncy of iIc icacIing or non-icacIing crsonncl;

3. Fraud or dcccii conniiicd in conncciion wiiI iIc alicaiion for Minisiry
crnii or rccogniiion;

4. Failurc io conly wiiI condiiions or olligaiions rcscrilcd ly iIis Codc
or iis inlcncniing rulcs and rcgulaiions; and

5. UnauiIorizcd ocraiion of a scIool or coursc, or any cononcni iIcrcof,
or any violaiion of iIc rcquircncni govcrning advcriiscncnis or
announccncnis of cducaiional insiiiuiions.

Sanciions againsi iIc scIools sIall lc wiiIoui rcjudicc io iIc inicrcsi of iIc
siudcnis, icacIcrs and cnloyccs.

CHAPTER 2
ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS

Scciion 70. Huc-nuIng AutIot - TIc Minisicr Educaiion, Culiurc and Soris
cIargcd wiiI iIc adninisiraiion and cnforccncni of iIis Aci, sIall ronulgaic
iIc ncccssary inlcncniing rulcs and rcgulaiions.

Scciion 71. ScuuIt Pouson - Any ari or rovision of iIis Aci wIicI nay
Icld invalid or unconsiiiuiional sIall noi affcci iis rcnaining aris of rovisions.

Scciion 72. Hccung Cuusc - All laws or aris iIcrcof inconsisicni wiiI any
rovision of iIis Aci sIall lc dccncd rccalcd or nodificd, as iIc casc nay lc.

Scciion 73. Ecctut - TIis Aci sIall ialc cffcci uon iis aroval.


Aoucd, SctcnIc ll, l9S2