ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS IN INDIA

Compiled by: Dr. Asit K !tr!" Asstt. Dire#tor" DMI" $%op!l I&di!& Co&stit'tio& ( Arti#le )*!: In the Directive Principles of State Policy, Article 48-A was inserted which enjoins the State to make endeavor for protection and improvement of the environment and for safeg arding the forest and wildlife of the co ntry !4" nd amendment w#e#f# $ %an ary &'(()# I&di!& Co&stit'tio& ( Arti#le +,-A .G/ It shall *e the d ty of every citi+en of India to protect and improve the nat ral environment incl ding forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creat res !4" nd amendment w#e#f# $ %an ary &'(()#

E&0iro&me&t!l Re1'l!tio&s i& I&di! 2e!r E&0iro&me&t!l Re1'l!tio&s &'(4 ,ater !Prevention - .ontrol of Poll tion Act) Amendments, &'88 &'(/ 0he ,ater !Prevention - .ontrol of Poll tion) 1 les &'(( 0he ,ater !Prevention - .ontrol of Poll tion) .ess Act &'(8 0he ,ater !Prevention - .ontrol of Poll tion) .ess 1 les &'8& 0he Air !Prevention - .ontrol of Poll tion) Act, Amendments, &'8( &'8"2 0he Air !Prevention - .ontrol of Poll tion) 1 les &'8$ &'83 0he 4nvironment !Protection) Act, Amendments !&'8',&''5,&''$,&''3,&''(,&''8,&''',"555,"55&) &'83 0he 4nvironmental !Protection) 1 les &''" 4 !P) Act 6otification 7 84nvironment Statement9 &''4 4 !P) Act 6otification 7 84nvironmental .learance9 &''( Amendments in the 4nvironment .learance, 6otification 7 8P *lic :earing9 made mandatory &'8' 0he :a+ardo s ,astes !;anagement and :andling) 1 les, Amendments, "555, Draft Amendments "55" &'8' ;an fact re, Storage and Import of :a+ardo s .hemical 1 les, Amendments, &''4, "555 &''& 0he P *lic <ia*ility Ins rance Act21 les, &''" &''/ 0he 6ational 4nvironment 0ri* nal Act &''( Prohi*ition on the :andling of A+o dyes &''( 0he 6ational 4nvironment Appellate A thority Act &''8 0he =io-;edical ,aste !;-:), 1 les &''' 6otification for making &55> ?tili+ation of @ly-ash made mandatory "555 ; nicipal Solid ,aste !;-:) 1 les "555 A+one Depleting S *stance !1-.) 1 les &''' 1eg lation on recycling of ,aste Ail and 6on-ferro s scrape "555 6oise Poll tion !1eg lations and .ontrol) "55& =atteries !;-:) 1 les

3'risdi#tio& o4 E&0iro&me&t!l Le1isl!tio& I& I&di! .entral Bovernment ;inistry of 4nvironment - @orest - 1egional Affices .entral Poll tion .ontrol =oard - Conal Affices !3) State Bovernment State Deptt of 4nvironment State Poll tion .ontrol =oard 2 State Poll tion .ontrol .ommittee - 1egional Affices

1. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 Provide information to the SP.= Provide access to the SP.= for taking samples Allow entry to the SP.= to ascertain that the provisions of the Act are *eing compiled with# 1esponsi*ilitiesD A*tain 8.onsent to 4sta*lish9 A*tain 8.onsent to Aperate9 Apply for renewal of the 8.onsent to Aperate9 *efore the eEpiry of validity period .onsent to *e deemed as granted a tomatically and nconditionally after fo r months from the date of application already given or ref sed *efore this period 1ef sal of 8.onsent9 to *e recorded in writing Pay ,ater .ess as indicated in the assessment order AffiE water meters of the prescri*ed standards Provide access to SP.= Pay interest in case of delay in paying the ,ater .ess Pay penalty for non-payment of .ess Ind stry is entitled to "/> re*ate if meeting certain conditions

The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 .omply with the conditions in the 8.onsent to 4sta*lish9 or 8.onsent to Aperate9 6ot to discharge air poll tant!s) in eEcess of the prescri*ed standards @ rnish information to the SP.= of any accident or nforeseen act or event Allow entry to the SP.= to ascertain that provisions of the Act are *eing complied with Provide information to ena*le SP.= to implement the Act Provide access to the SP.= for taking samples .omply with the directions iss ed in writing *y the SP.= A*tain 8.onsent to 4sta*lish9 A*tain 8.onsent to Aperate9 Apply for the renewal of 8.onsent to Aperate9 *efore eEpiry of the validity period .onsent to *e deemed as granted after fo r months from the date of receipt of application if no comm nication from the SP.= is received A prior 86otice of Inspection9 to *e served *y the SP.= Ind stry to ens re that specified emission sampling proced re is *eing followed *y the SP.= Apport nity to file o*jections with the SP.= within &/ days from the date of service of notice P.= to record reasons in writing in case it does not provide an opport nity to the ind stry to file o*jections

Environ ent (Protection) Act, 198! .omply with the directions iss ed *y the .entral Bovernment# 0he direction may incl deD - clos re, prohi*ition or reg lation of any ind stry, or - stoppage or reg lation of the s pply of electricity, water or any other service Prevent discharges or emissions eEcess of the prescri*ed standards @ rnish information of any accidental or nforeseen event Allow entry and inspection to ascertain compliance Allow samples to *e taken S *mit an 84nvironmental Statement9 every year *efore $5 th Septem*er to the SP.= A*tain prior 84nvironmental .learances9 from ;o4@, in case of a new project or for moderni+ation2eEpansion of the eEisting project The "a#ardou$ Wa$te (%ana&e ent and "andlin&) 'ule$, 1989, A end ent$ ())) .heck whether the waste!s) generated covered in Sched le & and " of the amendment r les, "555 If covered, apply in the Prescri*ed @ormat to o*tain an 8A thori+ation9 for proper treatment and disposal of ha+ardo s waste!s) and comply with the conditions specified in the a thori+ation 0ake steps, wherever feasi*le for red ction, recovery and recycling of wastes 4ns re proper collection, reception, treatment, storage and disposal of ha+ardo s wastes Apply for renewal of a thori+ation *efore eEpiry of the validity period ;aintain records of ha+ardo s wastes handling !@orm $) S *mit 8Ann al 1et rns9 to the SP.= !@orm 4) 1eport to the SP.= any accident <a*elling, Packaging, 0ransportation of :, as per ;otor Fehicle Act, &'88 and 1 les &'8'
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The "a#ardou$ Wa$te (%ana&e ent and "andlin&) 'ule$, 1989, A end ent$ ())), *raft A end ent$ ())( Draft Amendments, "55" !Dt# "&st ;ay "55") .larification on the definition of :a+ardo s ,astes <ist of ha+ardo s waste according to sched le & is *eing modified Proced re for registration of re-processors of non-ferro s scrap and waste oil Sched le for ha+ardo s wastes prohi*ited for import to and eEport from India %anufacture, +tora&e and , -ort of "a#ardou$ Che ical (A end ent) 'ule$, 1994, ())) Identify whether the chemicals handled, sed and stored or imported are covered in the Sched le & and2or $ of the 1 les, Sched le " for isolated storages# If covered in sched le &D Acc pier to identify ha+ards associated with ind strial activity and take adeG ate steps for prevention and control Acc pier to provide relevant information to persons lia*le to *e affected *y a major accident Acc pier to develop information in the form of a safety data sheet Acc pier to notify the concerned a thorities within 48 ho rs of the occ rrence of a major accident Occupier to label the specified information on every container of hazardous chemicals. Acc pier to s *mit an p-to-date safety report at least ninety days *efore making any modification# Acc piers of new and eEisting ind strial activities to carry o t safety a dit and s *mit report within $5 days# Acc pier to s *mit a safety a dit pdate report once a year and forwarding a copy within $5 days#

 Acc pier to prepare p-to-date on-site emergency plan *efore commencing a new ind strial activity involving specified chemicals# Acc pier shall cond ct a mock drill of emergency plan every siE months and s *mit a report# Acc pier to maintain records of imports of ha+ardo s chemicals and to provide information to the concerned A thority# Acc pier to ens re the transportation of ha+ardo s chemicals as per the provisions of the ;otor Fehicles Act, &'88# The Pu.lic /ia.ilit0 ,n$urance Act, 1991 Awner to provide relief in case of death or inj ry or damage to property from an accident on the principle of no fa lt# Awner to draw ins rance policies more than the paid- p capital * t less than 1s# /5 .rores# HPaid- p .apitalI is the market val e of all assets and stocks on the date of ins rance# Awner to pay additional amo nts as contri* tion to the H4nvironmental 1elief @ ndI# Awner to provide any information reG ired for ascertaining compliance with the provisions of the Act# Awner to allow entry and inspection to ascertain compliance with the provisions of the Act# Awner to pay the amo nt of an award as specified *y the .ollector# .omply with the directions iss ed in writing *y the .entral Bovernment, directions may incl deJ

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prohi*ition or reg lations of handling of any ha+ardo s s *stances, or stoppage or reg lation of the s pply of electricity, water or any other service#

E&0iro&me&t!l Cle!r!&#e Brant of 4nvironmental .learance !&''4) If the ind strial nit comes nder the specified project, then environmental clearance wo ld *e reG ired from he ;inistry of 4nvironment and @orests for new projects as well as for 4Epansion 2 modernisation of 4Eisting projects if poll tion load is increasing# P *lic :earing !&''() Who 'e1uire$ Environ ental Clearance2 0he following project categories are reG ired to o*tain environmental clearance 6ew Projects If investment is more than 1s# &55 crores 6 clear power plant and related projects, s ch as :eavy ,ater Plants, n clear f el compleE, rare earths# 1iver valley projects incl ding hydro power, major irrigation projects and a com*ination, incl ding flood control, Ports har*o rs, airports !eEcept minor ports and har*o rs) Petrole m refineries incl ding cr de and prod ct pipelines# .hemical fertili+ers 4Eploration for oil and gas and their prod ction transportation and storage Synthetic 1 **er Primary metall rgical ind striesJ 4lectric Arc @ rnaces !;ini Steel Plants) Fiscose staple fi*re and filament yarn Storage *atteries integrated with the man fact re of oEides of lead and lead antimony alloy, 0hermal power plants P lp paper and newsprint .ement Any project proposed to *e located within twenty five Km of 1eserved forests
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 4cologically sensitive areas which may incl de 6ational Parks, Sanct aries, =iosphere 1eserves, .ritically poll ted areas Ar within fifty kms of inter-state *o ndary shall reG ire environmental clearance from the .entral Bovernment 0he following project categories, irrespective of the investment D Pesticides = lk dr gs and pharmace ticals As*estos and as*estos prod cts, All to rism projects *etween "55 7 /55 meters of a :igh 0ide <ine and at locations with an elevation of more than &,555 meters with investments of more than 1s# / crores# ;ining projects !with leases of more than / hectares) :ighway projects eEcept projects relating to improvement work Petrochemical .ompleEes 0arred roads in the :imalayas and forest areas Distilleries 1aw skins and hides Dyes @o ndries .hlor-alkali ind stry :ydrocyanic Acid 4lectroplating ;eta amine phenol Small scale ind strial nits in project categories mentioned a*ove# ,ith investments less than 1s# & crore and ,hich are on the reserved list Are eEempted from environmental clearance

@or o*taining site clearance, application is to *e s *mitted giving the location of the project along with reG isite details, to the ;inistry of 4nvironment and @orests

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0he ;inistry of 4nvironment and @orests will convey its decision a*o t the s ita*ility of the proposed site within a maEim m period of $5 days# E&0iro&me&t!l Cle!r!&#e <ast Apport nity *y ;o4@ for the defa lting project proponents 0o seek environment .learance *y $&st ;arch, "55$ 4nvironmental .learance can *e taken for ind strial estates# T%e N!tio&!l E&0iro&me&t Trib'&!l A#t" ,55+ 0o provide for strict lia*ility for damages arising o t of any accident occ rring while handling any ha+ardo s s *stance 0o esta*lish a 6ational 4nvironment 0ri* nal for grating relief and compensation 0he 0ri* nal may if it thinks fit take p cases for claims for compensation s o moto !on its own) A claimant making an application may also make an application for immediate relief nder the P *lic <ia*ility Ins rance Act# =io-medical ,aste !;anagement - :andling) 1 les, &''8 Proper segregation of wastes - la*elling as specified Install Poll tion .ontrol Systems like Incinerators, a toclaves or microwaves or adopt the * rial and meet the prescri*ed limits of emissions .omply with the dead-line stip lated to install the poll tion control systems 0ransportation of waste as per the norms Re1'l!tio& o& Re#y#li&1 o4 6!ste M!teri!ls" ,555" 7888 0he waste materials targetedD waste oils, lead 7 acid *atteries, nonferro s wastes

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0he a ction 2 sale of these materials to only a thorised recyclers who are registered with the ;inistry of 4nvironment - @orests, Bovt of India 6o trader can take s ch type of waste Noise oll'tio& .Re1'l!tio& 9 Co&trol/ R'les" 7888 Aiming to reg late and control noise from so rces like, ind strial activity, constr ction activity, generator sets, lo d speakers, p *lic address systems, m sic systems, vehic lar horns and other mechanical devices# 0he prescri*ed Am*ient 6oise <evels are to *e complied with A lo d speaker sho ld not *e permission from the a thority sed eEcept after o*taining written

If the noise level eEceeds the am*ient standards *y &5d!=) A, complaint can *e lodged to the a thority# $!tteries .M 9 :/ R'les" 788, 1esponsi*ilities for ;an fact rers, importers of *atteries sers a ctioneers, dealers and

;an fact res are to take initiatives to collect the spent *atteries *ack 1ecyclers 2 re-processors of *atteries need to register themselves with the ;o4@ ro#ed'r!l Re;'ireme&ts to Oper!te !& I&d'stry Seek from SP.= the .onsent to 4sta*lish and .onsent to Aperate nder ,ater and Air Acts and apply for their renewal S *mit to the SP.= ,ater .ess 1et rn as per the periodicity given .omply with the effl ent 2 emission standards for so rce or Beneral Standards as per the 4!P) Act
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Seek from SP.= an La thorisationI nder the :, nder the :, !; - :) 1 les and apply for its renewal ;aintain the records of the ha+ardo s ,aste prod ced Seek 4nvironmental .learance for the specified project S *mit 4nvironmental Statement every year @or the chemicals handled, check 1 les it is covered nder which Sched le of ;SI:.,

@ollow the reG irements given in the ;SI:., 1 les Provide the workers with information, training - eG ipment Inform the major accidents to the prescri*ed a thority 6otification of Site - S *mit Safety 1eport if applica*le Prepare on-site emergency plan ?ndertake mock a dits S *mit LSafety A dit 1eportI to the Prescri*ed A thority <evelling, packaging and transportation of ha+ardo s chemicals according to ;otor Fehicle Act 2 1 les 0he Indian =oilers Act &'"$ - 1 les &'3& 0he Indian 4lectricity Act &'&5 - 1 les &'/3 0he 4Eplosives act, Bas .ylinder 1 les &'8& 0he Press re Fessels Act, 1 les, &'8& MMMM

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