knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u

The Euiopean continent has been the scene of numeious conflicts ovei the cen-
tuiies. Euiope's histoiy has been
maikeu by clashes anu the subjuga-
tion of peoples; but it has also been a
histoiy of oveicoming, coopeiation,
soliuaiity anu integiation. Euiopean
citizens anu theii uoveinments shoulu
leain fiom the mistakes of the past
anu look to the futuie togethei in a
common political, economic anu social pioject. A pioject chaiacteiizeu by uia-
logue anu agieement among Nembei States. Thiough this Nouule, stuuents will
leain about anu assess the histoiy of the Euiopean 0nion, the histoiical context
which piompteu its cieation anu the events that have maikeu its uevelopment.
1. Introduction

2. The European integration process
The Euiopean countiies staiteu theii
integiation piocess aftei the Seconu
Woilu wai to pievent conflicts among
themselves anu to fostei common eco-
nomic uevelopment (s. Naishall Plan
etc.). Euiope woikeu a lot to cieate a
spheie of peace anu fiienuship aftei the
uevastation of the wai. Thanks to EUs
founders touay we can live in a piospeius Continent. 0n Nay 9th 1950 the
Fiench Foieign Ninistei, Robeit Schuman piesenteu a Beclaiation, the so calleu
Schuman Declaration, to set out a new foim of political coopeiation. The plan
at the basis of the Schuman's iuea was the pooling of coal anu steel piouuction
Key words
E ! e " d r a f t 1 # $ 9 $ 2 0 1 %
The milestones of
the Euiopean 0nion
uevelopment




Time
Coie anu
optional:
1- S h
Contents
The stait of the Eu-
iopean 0nion coo-
peiation piocesses
The Tieaties of Ro-
me 19S7
The Fall of the Bei-
lin Wall
The Lisbon Tieaty
Possibile oiigins of
the name of Euiope
Some impoitant
moments of the Eu-
iopean integiation
piocess on a time
line
Founueis
Youi own name
History of the European
cooperation process

knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u
between Fiench anu ueimany. But then the pooling of steel anu coal inuustiies
of othei Euiopean Countiies has pioviueu the setting up of common founua-
tions foi economic uevelopment.
The European oal and Steel ommunit& (19S2) was the fiist foim of Euio-
pean collaboiative oiganisation set up between Fiench, ueimany, Italy, Nethei-
lanus, Belgium anu Luxembouig. Aftei that, in 19S7 these six Countiies signeu
the Treat& of 'ome cieating the Euiopean Economic Community (EEC) anu
the Euiopean Atomic Eneigy Community (E0RAT0N). 0ne of the main
puipose of this Tieaty was that the EEC Countiies shaie a common mai-
ket to achieve integiation by tiaue, customs unions anu common policies. The
common maiket is establisheu on the funuamental foui fieeuoms, such as the
fiee movements of peisons, seivices, goous anu capitals with the iuea to facilita-
te a closei union among the people of Euiope Ahttp7BBeuropa!euB
legislationCsummariesBinstitutionalCaffairsBtreatiesBtreatiesCeecCen!htmD!
( strict relationship which has helped Europe% during these si,t# #ears% to
enlarge itself from si, 1ountries at the end of 3ifties6 till to 28 )ember *tates in
2019% after 1roatia6s accession on the 1st Eul# 2019!
*ource7 the E+ in slides
This progressive enlargement has been accompanied b# the transformation of
the European policies7 from the EE1 till to the European +nion% passing through
the fall of the <erlin -all in 1989 which had divided 'erman# into two parts%
until the introduction of a common curren
c# in 2002% Euro% that makes trade easier!
?n 1999 entered into force the Treat# on the
European +nion% also known as Treat& of
!aastricht! This fundamental Treat# is
Pagina 2
ECM e) draft 16_9_2013

knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u
specifically built on thiee topics: Euiopean Communities, common foieign anu
secuiity police, justicial coopeiation. But, as you alieauy know, the main innova-
tion establisheu by Naastiicht is the uefinition of the Euiopean citizenship
|http:euiopa.eulegislation_summaiiesinstitutional_affaiistieaties
tieaties_maastiicht_en.htmj.
The Treat& of (msterdam) signeu in 1997 by 1S Countiies, hau been the fiist
step to iefoim Euiopean Institutions at the light of the next enlaigements fol-
loweu by an othei impoitant step into the Euiopean integiation piocess: the
Treat& of *ice (2uu1). The last impoitant agieement is iepiesenteu by the
Treat& of +is,on (2uu9) wiitten as a conseguence of the negative exit of the
Fiench anu Butch iefeienuum on the Euiopean Constitution. Thanks to the
Tieaty of Lisbon, signeu by the 27 Nembei States, Euiopean 0nion wants to
pioviue tools necessaiy to face 21st centuiy's challenges. The Euiopean ap-
pioac towaius them shoulu be:
A moie uemociatic Euiope with a stiengtheneu iole of the Euiopean Pai-
liament;
A moie efficient Euiope with the semplification of the woiking methous;
The piomotion of the Euiopean values.
To impiove the Euiope into the global scene, the Tieaty of Lisbon also cieates
the Bigh Repiesentative foi the 0nion in Foieign Affaiis anu Secuiity Policy with
the aims to cooiuinate uiplomacy anu to iepiesent the E0 into inteinational
meetings anu contexts. |http:euiopa.eulisbon_tieatyglanceinuex_en.htmj









A Tieaty is like an
agieement signeu, at the
light of specific
ciicumstances, by
soveieign States oi by
inteinational
oiganisations. They aie
official uocuments
thiough which paities
uefine theii ielationship
anu establish the
iespective iights anu
obligations. In the
inteinational context it is
possible to have bilateial
Tieatiessigneu
between two paities oi
multilateial Tieatis which
aie concluueu among
seveial Countiies
|http:en.wikipeuia.oig
wikiTieaty 1S72u1S)j.

Pagina 3
ECM e)
Remind:

knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u
ECM e)

The Naishall Plan (1947)






The Schuman Plan anu the Euiope Bay (19Su)
The Tieaties of Rome: the Euiopean Economic Community anu the
Euiopean Atomic Eneigy Community (19S7)



The Euiopean Nonetaiy System (1979)







The Schengen Agieement (198S)



The Euiopean 0nion Tieaty (Naastiicht Tieaty) (1992)



The Chaitei of Euiopean 0nion Funuamental Rights (2uuu)
The Tieaty of Lisbon (2uu9)
%. To summari-e the main European Union steps
Pagina 4











knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u

Thin. a,out.
1950) St. /ermanhof.
Please, see this photo anu tiy to answei to the questions:
1! 5escribe the picture
2! -h# the ireJ
9! ?n #our opinion% what t#pe of feelings is thereJ
H! -hat have the conseIuences beenJ
:! -hat do #ou think aboutJ
*hare #our point of view with #our classmates!
Pagina 5
ECM e)
0. To impro1e &our .no2ledge

knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u
ECM e)
0n the 9th of Nay of eveiy yeais, Euiope celebiates the Euiope -Bay. All the
membeis States celebiate peace anu unity among them. This is a soit of biithuay
anu it's a symbol of the E0 togethei with its hymn, the common cuiien-
cy anu the flag.
The uate maiks the anniveisaiy of the histoiical Schuman ueclaiation











Souice: www.schuman.info
The et&molog& and the m&th. The name Euiope comes fiom a gieek woiu,
Eupu q, but the ieal etymology of the name is unceitain.
In accoiuance to a numbei of souices, Euiope means "bioau of aspect". Anothei
theoiy suggests, insteau, that Euiope comes fiom the Semitic woiu of "eiebu"
which means "West, to go uown": the lanus on the west siue of the known woilu
Pagina 6
0. Europe3 its ,irthda&) its name
[] All Europeans without distinction,
whether from east or west, and all the
overseas territories, especially Africa,
which awaits development and prosperity
from this old continent, will gain beneits from
their labour of peace. []
Europe will not be made at once, nor according to a
single master plan of construction. t will be built by
concrete achievements, which create de facto
dependence, mutual interests and the desire for
common action. !he gathering of the nations of Europe
demands the elimination of the age"old antagonism
[].
[] #y pooling basic industrial production and setting"
up a new $igh Authority whose decisions will be
binding on %rance, &ermany and other member
countries, these proposals will bring to reality the irst
solid groundwor' for a European %ederation vital to
the preservation of world peace [](
The class is uiviueu into thiee gioups.
Each gioup seaiches otheis famous
ueclaiations foi the Euiopean integia-
tion piocess.
Each gioup has to ieau caiefully the
text anu then it has to expose it to the
class using also images .

knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u


4 and 2hat a,out
m& name5

1. Investigate the
oiigin anu the
meaning of youi
name anu the name
of youi fiienus.

2. Tiy to uiscovei if
theie aie any
inteicultuial links
in the etymology of
youi name anu in
the life of famous
people with the
same name.
Pagina 7
ECM e)
The m&th of
What is the iole of
the myth. What uo
you mean about the
myth. Is it a con-
cept uiffeient fiom
the past.
In which size of the
Euio coins has been
Euiope iepiesenteu.
Bow Euiope is ie-
piesenteu by pain-
teis.

|http:en.wikipeuia.oigwikiEuiopej.
The fiist wiitten iecoius about the myth of Eu-
iope uate back to eighth centuiy BC anu to the
woiks of Bomei anu Besiou.
Zeus fell in love with Euiope, the beautiful
uaughtei of Agenoie, king of the Phoenician city
of Tyie. When Zeus ueciueu to seuuce hei, he
changeu into a big anu white bull foi being able
to appioach hei. The gou kiunappeu Euiope anu biought hei on his back till to
the islanu of Ciete. Fiom theii ielationship weie boin S sons which aie, in ac-
coiuance to the myth, Ninos, Rhauamantus anu Saipeuon. The uieeks to cele-
biate the name Ninos anu hei mothei calleu Euiope the lanus anu the conti-
nents that weie in the noith of the uieece |https:en.wikipeuia.oigwikiEuiopa_%
28mythology%29j.

Thin. a,out








knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u
Leaining activities: how to iun the task.
1. omparison among opinions on the European cooperation
process
Bemonstiation in Copenhagen against Benmaik's auhesion to
Euiopean Community (1972)

Which iuea is tiansmitteu by this image. Think anu explain if this iuea is something to
be shaieu oi not.
Biawing of Nickael Koelsch publisheu by the Ameiican }ouinal New Republic (useu by
Couiiiei Inteinational in }une 2uuS too)





Pagina 8
ECM e) draft 16_9_2013

knowleuge test items 18; 19; 2u
2. The long and 2inding road of the European Union3 from con6lict to cooperation
The teachei uiviues the class into small gioups. Each gioup shoulu finu infoimation
to answei the following questions 78"3 What weie the consequences of Woilu Wai
II in Euiope. Bow was Euiope aftei the conflict. Why is this time consiueieu the
staiting point foi the Euiopean integiation piocess in the Westein Euiopean
States. 78" Recommenuation: the teachei may point out to the stuuents ieasons foi Eastein
Euiopean States non paiticipation in this piocess of integiation;
Finally gioups make a common piesentation of the conclusions iegaiuing the con-
sequences of Woilu Wai II in Euiope anu its ielationship with the beginning of the
Euiopean integiation piocess.

uioups can use, among otheis, the following websites foi moie infoimation:
http:euiopa.euabout-eueu-histoiy
http7BBwww!#outube!comBwatchJvW+2'C2$HcIg
http7BBwww!#outube!comBwatchJvWp+t;=r9lubcXfeatureWrelated
http7BBen!wikipedia!orgBwikiB-orldC-arC??Y1asualtiesCandCwarCcrimes

%. -rite on the timing line the main steps 7at least 5" of the European construction process


*chuman 5eclaration; Treaties of 4ome; 3all of the <erlin -all; Treat# of )aastricht; *chengen
agreement; Euro; Treat# of =isbon now in force!; Europe 2020
5o #ou know an# memor# strategiesJ 5escribe the one that #ou have $ust used to do the e,ercise
number 9!









Pagina 9
ECM e) draft 16_9_2013
>ou have now covered the following topics7
The steps of the European cooperation process
The EUs founders
The main European Treaties
The origin and the rapresentation of the name 9Europe:
TIME LINE
Dates
Steps