Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A Thesis Presented to
The Faculty of College of Nursing
Our Lady of Fatima University
By
ZYRA MENDIO
MICHELLE ANN MORAL
MARY-GRACE PARAS
RACHELLE HANNA SANTIAGO
YVETTE CHRISTINE VENTIGAN
SEPTEMBER 2009
Chapter I
Introduction.
are far better than before they are more advanced in teaching and more
of their education. Kids today are more willing and not afraid to try to
discover new ways and methods of learning. They are more adventurous.
The more they explore the more they desire to learn but of course with
Preschool children want to touch, taste, and smell, hear and test
separate from their parents. They are more independent than toddlers.
They can express their needs since they have greater command
world through the interaction of genetic and learned factors. Among the
use this or any of the other potentially helpful memory strategies. The
items they will recall in a memory span task. The mental capacities of
subject with familiar and scientific aspects, our tasks is to bring them in
with other children means learning how to wait, how to take turns, and
how to listen. Young children learn social skills when they interact with
and they would not send home them carelessly There are some
songs, building blocks needed to grasp phonics and reading skills when
done over and over in preschool settings and help children get ready to
Theoretical Framework.
new ones.
One of these stages is the Pre-operational stage (toddler hood and early
and memorizing and their outlook of the world is usually very self-
such as playing and cooperating with other children in their own age. It
and they learn pessimistic concepts and actions, such as talking back to
Conceptual Framework.
take place in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as
adjustment.
be focusing our study in preparatory level. Where in, in this stage it has
two subordinate phases, intellect is recognized through the use of signs,
invalidate manner.
in the midst of other kids with the same age. Usually, preschoolers are in
Hypothesis.
demic performances.
1. Preschoolers
1.1 They learn how to cope up easily in every activity their teachers
veloped.
2. Parents
2.2 They are also involved to their children’s success through guiding
3. Teacher
3.1 Their skills on how to make their students cope up easily is being
test.
4. Schools
5. Community
and develop the brain with the help of proper nutrition. The start of the
music, colored pictures, games and many more, but in our study we use
reduce stress.
Definition of Terms.
For purposes of the study, the following key terms are defined:
Free Recall. During this task a subject would be asked to study a list of
words and then sometime later they will be asked to recall or write down
Intelligence. This refers to the ability to learn facts and skills and apply
types of information.
tones or pitches.
Psychology. This refers to the scientific study of the human mind and
all other elements of the past that might be seen to constitute other types
of representation.
of being retained.
Foreign Literature.
tention was used to examine whether and how the strength of original in-
misleading questions, and memory for event details was tested. There
ing influenced reporting in that children exposed to the event once repor-
ted more misled details than those who saw the event multiple times.
Furthermore, preschoolers who saw the event once were just as suscept-
or three times; however, preschoolers who had seen the event multiple
future research.
short delay, an interviewer asked children questions about the story and
memory was assessed 5–11 days later using a two-alternative, picture re-
cognition test. Children completed theory of mind (ToM) tasks that in-
relation between ToM scores and suggestibility was significant for chil-
dren who had poorer story memory, but was no significant for children
er CMR scores than children who did not report original details.
As verbal abilities become more complex and children are exposed to the
contextual situation where they can learn to remember, there are ad-
vances in the three major requirements of memory. Children get better at
long enough to take it into memory. They begin to be able to store events
human mind and its ability to retain information. One of the most often
specifically the sensory, short term and long term memory. Short term
memory refers to the recent memory, and is usually only held for a very
short period of time. A common example would be when you meet many
that you have learnt is kept. Sensory memory is conveyed through your
senses of sight and sound, where you keep these “images” in your mind.
situation that calls for a novel but adaptive solution, one that serves to
accomplish a goal.” That’s why; when dealing with the challenges of our
times, the best thing we can do is grow our creative capacity. We need to
come up with thoughts and solutions that are different from ones we’ve
may not serve us now. But the way to access our innovative thinking is
not the same for everyone. It actually has to do with what stimulus
Foreign Studies.
David Rivera (2009) stated that here are some great memory
will use 4 items only but you will see the size of the list does not matter.
connect the 2 together or link them together. We can use what is called
the “Roman Room” to link items together so we can bring them up in our
The reason this works is because there are certain things you will not
forget. You know where you live. You know how your house looks and
what rooms there are. Assume that you are going to buy the following
Pick any room in your house or apartment. Now we will associate the
items in the list with something in the room you choose. Imagine you
walk into your living room and this is what you see: Book shelf, table.
These are the first 4 things you see in sequence when you enter your
living room. Take each item you want to remember on your shopping list
and place them with one of the items in your living room or replace the
item in your room with one from the list. This is what you might see in
your mind: You walk into your living room and Bananas are shooting out
of your Book Shelf. Some Bananas fall onto your Table and are skating
on top of Soap. A bar of Soap slides off the Table and goes toward the TV,
but the TV is not there. Instead there is a giant loaf of Bread. The giant
Bread eats the Soap but throws it up all over your Couch. Out of your
Couch come arms and they are holding Paper Towels and it starts to
trait. After all, the human mind has its own limitations. But there's a
price to pay for being forgetful about important things. Forget to pay your
bills, and you'll soon end up in debts. Forget to turn off the oven before
you leave, and your home might burn into ashes. Forget your fiancé’s
improve memory power are available for people who tend to forget even
The main advantage of the trivia quizzes is that the questions can be
based on virtually any topic: history, geography, music, film stars and
the children do not know the answers to the questions, but once they
find them out, they memorize them. Therefore, the new questions, as well
as old questions that are repeated, prove to help both children and
your muscles grow and develop when you do physical exercise, so does
pathways in your brain, opening more and more areas of your brain.
or a new musical instrument. Keeps it interesting and you will enjoy the
techniques. You could draft a list of any items, memorize it, and then
quiz yourself later. Another method is to read an article, analyze it, and
then explain it to someone else. This helps keep your working memory in
tact, which will improve even more over time. A final method to help with
jigsaw puzzles will give your brain a tough workout. This is due to the
various words, shapes, and colors that force your brain to work.
asparagus, black currants, kale and sweet potatoes. People can also use
red foods to improve memory. These foods improve the circulation of the
blood, the body temperature and boost the energy, while making
memory is intention. Here are some tips and techniques to get you
personally meaningful to you. This will take less effort to remember later.
Adding details and repetition are also some of the more usual ways to
experience. You can add details through any of the five senses that are,
creating multiple links to the fact, you are adding a variety of access
In other ways, repetition is like a well-worn path which you walk over
and over again. For example, memorizing the multiplication tables or the
alphabet, or even simple tasks that we take for granted, like telling the
time. There was a time in our forgotten past that our parents or teachers
level.
like the abstract. For example, to remember the "classic" named colors of
"vib-GYOr".
keep our mind’s sharp. Learning new strategies can also help the brain
Theoretical Background.
women who took turns caring for each other's children. The first public
work force as well as by a belief among many parents and educators that
Conceptual Paradigm.
Synthesis of Related Literature and Studies.
there were ways that are different in teaching strategies to help children
that Memory Retention of children like preschool can affect from some
and books, children’s learning process can affect their memory status.
abilities done by changes, as time goes and passes by. And from those
We use a lot of authors in our study, but just to make it short, let’s
that may arise here is about the difference of the way of teaching that
they are going to imply. Piaget believed that children made moral judg-
the psychology of school subjects. It just simply said that Piaget wants to
some test though it can help, we think it’s a bit complicated for those
children to do such test. As far as we know, their theories are both help-
ful.
methods.
long as they know how to handle the situation among their preschoolers
and of course, it is also a big help if they are going to guide their children