Scattering Parameters

Prof. D. Kannadassan, School of Electronics Engineering

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13

Scattering Matrix
Like [Z] or [Y] parameters, [S] parameters are giving extensively better description of Microwave networks The [S] parameters are calculated by incident + and reflected components

; here the [s] is called S Matrix

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13 2

 To define each parameter, lets take the voltage components: At each terminal:

Considering the zn=0 (reference plane)

Now, scattering parameter can be defined as,

Note: j is from port, i is to port.

Thats : for the excitation/incident at jth port (incoming/input), the reflected component is measured at ith port (outgoing/output).
ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13

Considering two port network

The first parameter:

V2+=0 indicates:
At t2, there is no source, so no incidence Due to multiple reflection, again, there is a chance of V2+=0, so the port should be matched. However, it doesnt mean that V2 =0

Here, S11=11, input reflection coefficient Similarly,

Here, S21 = T21, Transmission coefficient

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13 4

Problem 1.4
Determine the [S] for following network whose system impedance is 50.

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13

Problem 1.5
With known S matrix, a two port network has terminated by a short with infinitesimal tx line. The find the Input reflection coefficient Solution:

Due to short, the reflection at port 2: V2+= - V2(A) (B)

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13

 Our aim is to find Input reflection coefficient

V1 in V1
(B) =>

(A) =>

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13

Problem 1.6
Determine the [S] parameters for the following two port network

Solution: To calculated the S11 and S21, V2+=0 (the port 2 should be terminated with Matched load Z2)

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13

Next:

Since the network has solely series component, this problem can be easily solved by considering currents

From the respective ports

V2+=0

Similar manner we shall calculate the other two parameter, since network is symmetry

ECE102 - Microwave Engineering Fall 2012_13