The MVC architecture of ZF2

by Enrico Zimuel (enrico@zend.com) Senior Software Engineer Zend Framework Core Team Zend Technologies Ltd

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About me
Enrico Zimuel o!tware Engineer since "##$
%ssembly &'$( C)C**( +a,a( -erl( -.-

-.- Engineer at Zend Technologies in the

@ezimuel enrico@zend.com www.zimuel.it

Zend Framework Team /nternational s0eaker on -.- and com0uter security to0ics 1esearcher 0rogrammer at /n!ormatics /nstitute o! 2ni,ersity o! %msterdam Co3!ounder o! -24 Torino (/taly)

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ZF2 in a slide

5ew architecture

67C( 8i( E,ents( er,ice( 6odule

-er!ormance im0ro,ement (lazy loading) 1e9uirement: PHP 5.3.3 - 13; com0liant -ackaging system (0yrus( com0oser) ZF ;.<.= last stable

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A new core

The ZF way:

ingleton( 1egistry( and .ard3 Coded 8e0endencies %s0ect >riented 8esign and 8e0endency /n?ection

The ZF2 a00roach:

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Model View Controller

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MVC ! Model" View" Controller

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MVC

The central idea behind 67C is code reusability and se0aration o! concerns

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MVC architecture of ZF2

E,erything is an e#ent

.TTre9uest

bootstra$

route

dis$atch

.TTres0onse

Listeners

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A common wor%flow

use Zend@ er,ice6anager@ er,ice6anagerA use Zend@6,c@%00licationA )B C B) Dser,ices E new er,ice6anager(Dser,icesCon!ig)A Da00 E new %00lication(Da00Con!ig( Dser,ices)A Da003Fbootstra0()A Dres0onse E Da003Frun()A Dres0onse3Fsend()A

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&efault ser#ices

%00lication e&0ects a er,ice6anager( con!igured with the !ollowing ser,ices:

E,ent6anager 6odule6anager 1e9uest 1es0onse 1outeListener 1outer 8is0atchListener 7iew6anager

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ZF2
'%eleton A$$lication

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ZF2 s%eleton a$$lication

htt0s:))github.com)zend!ramework)Zend keleton%00lication

/nstall using com0oser:

curl 3s htt0s:))getcom0oser.org)installer G 0h0 33 0h0 com0oser.0har create30ro?ect 33re0ository3 urlEHhtt0:))0ackages.zend!ramework.comH zend!ramework)skeleton3a00lication 0ath)to)install

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com$oser.(son
I HnameH: Hzend!ramework)skeleton3a00licationH( Hdescri0tionH: H keleton %00lication !or ZF;H( HlicenseH: HJ 83=3ClauseH( HkeywordsH: K H!rameworkH( Hz!;H L( Hhome0ageH: Hhtt0:))!ramework.zend.com)H( Hre9uireH: I H0h0H: HFEM.=.=H( Hzend!ramework)zend!rameworkH: H;.BH N

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8irectory tree
con!ig data module 0ublic ,endor

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Con!ig !older
confi) autoload a00lication.con!ig.0h0 data module 0ublic ,endor

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8ata !older
con!ig data cache module 0ublic ,endor

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6odule !older
module
5ame o! the module %00lication con!ig module.con!ig.0h0 src %00lication Controller /nde&Controller.0h0 ,iew a00lication inde& inde&.0html error layout Module.$h$

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-ublic !older
$ublic images ?s css .htaccess inde&.0h0

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7endor !older
con!ig data module 0ublic #endor zend!ramework

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confi)uration

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*confi)*a$$lication.confi).$h$
return array( OmodulesO EF array( O%00licationO( )( OmodulePlistenerPo0tionsO EF array( Ocon!igPglobP0athsO EF array( Ocon!ig)autoload)I(B.NIglobal(localN.0h0O( )( OmoduleP0athsO EF array( O.)moduleO( O.),endorO( )( )( )A
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$ublic folder

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$ublic*.htaccess
RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST !I"E#A$E% &s 'OR( RewriteCond %{REQUEST !I"E#A$E% &l 'OR( RewriteCond %{REQUEST !I"E#A$E% &d RewriteR)le *.+, & '#C,"( RewriteR)le *.+, inde-..h. '#C,"(

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Front controller +$ublic*inde,.$h$QR0h0 )BB B This makes our li!e easier when dealing with 0aths. E,erything is relati,e B to the a00lication root now. B) chdir(dirname(PP8/1PP))A )) etu0 autoloading include OinitPautoloader.0h0OA )) 1un the a00licationS Zend@6,c@%00lication::init(include Ocon!ig)a00lication.con!ig.0h0O)3Frun()3Fsend()A

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Zend.'er#iceMana)er

The er,ice6anager is a 'er#ice /ocator im0lementation % er,ice Locator is a well3known ob?ect in which you may re)ister ob(ects (more in general ser,ices) and later retrie#e them 8ri,en by con!iguration

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T0$es of 'er#ices

E&0licit (name EF ob?ect 0airs) /n,okables (name EF class to instantiate) Factories (name EF callable returning ob?ect) %liases (name EF some other name) %bstract Factories (unknown ser,ices) co0ed Containers (limit what can be created) hared (or notA you decide)

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module

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Modules b0 default

% module is all related code and assets that solve a specific problem. 6odules inform the MVC about ser,ices and e,ent listeners

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Modules for ZF2

The basic unit in a ZF; a00lication is a Module 6odules are 1Plu) and $la02 technology 6odules are sim0le:

% names0ace Containing a single class!ile: Module.$h$

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&e#elo$ Modules

6odules contain all logic related to a discrete a00lication 0roblem.

Controllers Entities -lugins Etc.

##T o! the time( you will write modules

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.module.A$$lication.Module.$h$
names0ace %00licationA use Zend@6,c@6odule1outeListenerA use Zend@6,c@6,cE,entA class 6odule I 0ublic !unction getCon!ig() I return include PP8/1PP . O)con!ig)module.con!ig.0h0OA N N

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*module*A$$lication*confi)*module.confi).$h$ +routin) $artreturn array( OrouterO EF array( OroutesO EF array( OhomeO EF array( Oty0eO EF OZend@6,c@1outer@.tt0@LiteralO( Oo0tionsO EF array( OrouteO EF O)O( Ode!aultsO EF array( OcontrollerO EF O%00lication@Controller@/nde&O( OactionO EF Oinde&O( )( )( )( ...

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*module*A$$lication*confi)*module.confi).$h$ +routin) $art 2...

Oa00licationO EF array( Oty0eO EF OLiteralO( Oo0tionsO EF array( OrouteO EF O)a00licationO( Ode!aultsO EF array( OPP5%6E -%CEPPO EF O%00lication@ControllerO( OcontrollerO EF O/nde&O( OactionO EF Oinde&O( )( )( OmayPterminateO EF true( OchildProutesO EF array( Ode!aultO EF array( Oty0eO EF O egmentO( Oo0tionsO EF array( OrouteO EF O)K:controllerK):actionLLO( OconstraintsO EF array( OcontrollerO EF OKa3z%3ZLKa3z%3Z<3#P3LBO( OactionO EF OKa3z%3ZLKa3z%3Z<3#P3LBO( )( Ode!aultsO EF array( )( ...
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*module*A$$lication*confi)*module.confi).$h$ +controller 3 translator $artC Oser,icePmanagerO EF array( O!actoriesO EF array( OtranslatorO EF OZend@/"'n@Translator@Translator er,iceFactoryO( )( )( OtranslatorO EF array( OlocaleO EF OenP2 O( OtranslationP!ileP0atternsO EF array( array( Oty0eO EF Ogette&tO( ObasePdirO EF PP8/1PP . O)..)languageO( O0atternO EF OTs.moO( )( )( )( OcontrollersO EF array( Oin,okablesO EF array( O%00lication@Controller@/nde&O EF O%00lication@Controller@/nde&ControllerO )( )( ...

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*module*A$$lication*confi)*module.confi).$h$ +#iew... O,iewPmanagerO EF array( Odis0layPnotP!oundPreasonO EF true( Odis0layPe&ce0tionsO EF true( Odocty0eO EF O.T6LMO( OnotP!oundPtem0lateO EF Oerror)U<UO( Oe&ce0tionPtem0lateO EF Oerror)inde&O( Otem0latePma0O EF array( Olayout)layoutO EF PP8/1PP . O)..),iew)layout)layout.0htmlO( Oa00lication)inde&)inde&O EF PP8/1PP . O)..),iew)a00lication)inde&)inde&.0htmlO( Oerror)U<UO EF PP8/1PP . O)..),iew)error)U<U.0htmlO( Oerror)inde&O EF PP8/1PP . O)..),iew)error)inde&.0htmlO( )( Otem0lateP0athPstackO EF array( PP8/1PP . O)..),iewO( )( )( ...

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*module*A$$lication*src*A$$lication* Controller*4nde,Controller.$h$

names0ace %00lication@ControllerA use Zend@6,c@Controller@%bstract%ctionControllerA use Zend@7iew@6odel@7iew6odelA class /nde&Controller e&tends %bstract%ctionController I 0ublic !unction inde&%ction() I return new 7iew6odel()A N N

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Than% 0ou5

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