5.3 questions ms 1.

(a) gains electrons (1) 1

[1]

2.

(a)

(i) (ii) (iii)

Fe2+ F2O Fe2+ Cl Use list principle if more than two answers e.m.f. = E(rhs) E(lhs) = 1.52 0.77 = 0.75 (0.75 scores first mark also) Fe2+ Fe3+ + e ecrease (Increase is CE, no further marks) !"#ilibri#m (or reaction) shifts to $ (or L if refers to half equation in ta le) (or in fa!our of more "e#$) (or more "e#$ forme%) (or more electrons forme%) !lectro%e &otential (for Fe3+'Fe2+) less &ositi(e (or %ecreases)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(b)

(i)

(ii) (iii)

1
[10]

3.

(a) (b) (c)

Fe2+ or Fe())) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) * or (+)) 3 or ()))) 0.5 2,n2+ + -.2O + 5/2O - 10/O 0 + 2,nO 0 + 1*.+ 1oth /O 0 an% ,nO 0 on right 1alance%
2 2

1 1 1 1
2

1 1
[13]

4.

(a)

(i) (ii)

0.*0 +
+ . 2 O + . 2 /O 3 /O 2 + 2e 0 + 0.

1 1

Mill Hill High School

(b)

(i) (ii) (iii) (i()

2)O 3 + 2. + 5. 2 O 2 5O 2 + ) 2 + *. 2 O

/&ecies 1alance%

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
[12]

2he concentration of the ions change or are no longer stan%ar% or the e.m.f is %etermine% 3hen no c#rrent flo3s 4nchange% )ncrease%
!"#ilibri#m )O 3 ') 2 %is&lace% to the right

!lectrons more rea%il5 acce&te% or more re%#ction occ#rs or electro%e becomes more &ositi(e (6 o 7) (c) +O + 2 5 or + + + 2+ + 2. 2 O +O + 2 + 0. 3e

5.

(a) (b) (i)

O8i%ising agents ta9e'remo(e'acce&t'gain electrons (1) &ot 'electron pair( Cl2(g) at 100 9:a ' 1 bar ' 1atm (1) ;Cl< = 1 molar ' 1, (1) )llow *+ ,Cl 2em&erat#re = 2=-> ' 25?C (1) o not #se list &rinci&le for other incorrect s&ecies (ii) 7o3er ;Cl< or re%#ce tem&erat#re )ncrease &ress#re or concentration of Cl 2 (1) CE if chan-e incorrect !"#ilibri#m %is&lace to right (1) or if re%#ce% tem&erat#re gi(en@ reaction e8othermic Allo3 a correct e8&lanation 3hen no change gi(en 5 Cl (1) Fe3+ B (1) CO3 (1) .enalise / list principle &ote0 ,$ is incorrect (iii) +2+@ (1) Fe2+ (1) .enalise / list principle 5
[11]

(c)

(i) (ii)

6.

(a)

(/tan%ar%) h5%rogen (electro%e) (1)

Mill Hill High School

(b)

(i) (ii)

2o allo3 transfer of electrons ' &ro(i%e a reaction s#rface (1) 2=- > (1) 1oth F3+ (a") an% Fe2+ (a") ha(e a concentration of 1 mol %m3 (1) (6o7) O$ ;.+< = 1 mol %m3
NOT zero current or 100 kPa

3 (c) +1.30 + (1) 2 ,nO0 + 5 .2/O3 2 ,n2+ + 5 /O02 + 3 .2O +0 .+ Correct s&ecies ' or%er (1) 1alance% an% cancelle% (1)
Allow one for 2 MnO
4 2+ 2 4

+5H

O 2 Mn
3

+5 O

3 (%) (i) (ii) Ce0+ (a") (1) +O2+ (a") (1)B Cl2 (1)
Penal!"e a##!t!onal an"wer" to zero

3 (e) :t D Fe2+ (a")@ Fe3+ (a") DD Ce0+(a")@ Ce3+ (a") D :t Correct s&ecies (1) Correct or%er (1)
$e#uct one %ark for eac& error

2
[12]

7.

(a)

Cell e.m.f.E 1.=3 (() C! if negati(e (al#e gi(en (1) ,alf equationE ,g ,g2+ + 2 e (1)
or '(nore "tate ")%*ol" Mark on after an A+

2 (b) Chan-e in e.m.f.E increases (1)

Mark on e,en !f !ncorrect

E1planationE !"#ilibri#m %is&lace% to ,g2+ or to the left (1)

cell react!on or o,erall react!on (oe" to t&e r!(&t +lectro#e !" %ore ne(at!,e or + #ecrea"e" or (!,e" %ore electron 2+ or for%" %ore M( !on" Mark "e-aratel)

Mill Hill High School

(c)

Cell e.m.f. E 0.-0 (+) (1) E1planationE Fe is gi(ing electrons or forming Fe2+ or reaction goes in the re(erse %irection (1)
Mark on after A+

2
N./. 'n 0a1 an# 0c1 %ark on !f no ,alue (!,en2 *ut 3+ !n *ot& 0a1 an# 0c1 !f e.%.f. 4 0 [5]

8.

(a)

(i)

(stan%ar%) h5%rogen (electro%e) ' h5%rogen half cell not h5%rogen cell (1) reference electro%e ' electro%e to 3hich others are com&are% (1) 2 1 0.00(+) ' 0 ' Fero (1) emf = 0. 10 (0.25) = + 0.11 + ' allo3 0.11+ not 0.11+ (1) electro%e ' /n2+ '/n 'tin ' right han% electro%e (1)

(ii) (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (c) (i)

1 1 1

Ci + /n2+ Ci2+ + /n (ignore state s5mbols) (1) e.m.f = 0.00 (0.10) = 0.30 (+) ' emf for cell is (e com&arison of stan%ar% electro%e &otentials (1) +(e e.m.f for feasible reaction ' tin is a 3ea9er re%#cing agent 3o#l% not occ#r (1) if correct 2 arg#ment #se%@ allo3 both mar9s

(ii)

manganese 3ill %ecrease in siFe ' %isa&&ear ' eaten a3a5 ' %issol(es ' sol#tion t#rns (&ale) &in9 (1) effer(escence ' b#bbles (of colo#rless gas) ' fiFFing not gas gi(en off (1) reaction li9el5 to occ#r is ,n + (2).+ ,n2+ + .2 (1) or the same i%eas e8&resse% in 3or%s +(e e.m.f. ' +1.1- + ' ,n is strong re%#cing agent ' has large (e E( ) (1) (not G#st ,n is more reacti(e)

0
[12]

9.

(a)

o8i%ising agent acce&ts electrons (1)

Mill Hill High School

(b)

3tron-er o1i%isin- a-ent

+

.+ (1)

. + (a") + e 1 . 2 (g) 2
Equation

. ( a" )
+

(a") + e 1 2

1 2

( g)

( a" ) + 1 . 2 ( g) 2

2 (g)

(1) 3

e.m.f.

0.000 (0.000) = + 0.000 + (1) AgF(s) + Cl(a") AgCl(s) + F(a") (1) = + 0.7- 0.22 = +0.5* + (1)

(c) (%)

Equation e.m.f. (i) (ii)

/il(er lies abo(e h5%rogen in the electrochemical series Or Ag+(a") is a stronger o8i%ising agent than .+(a") (1) ,/%ro-en hali%e Equation e.m.f. .l (1) .+(a") + 1(a") + Ag(s) Agl(s) + 00.00 (0.15) = + 0.15 + (1)
1 2

.2(g) (1) 0
[10]

10.

(a)

4e%ucin- a-ent ,alf equation

1r2 (1) 1r2 + *.2O 21rO 3 + 12.+ + 10e (1) 2=- > or 25?C (1) 1.00 , or 1.00 mol %m3 (1) calomel or Ag'AgCl (1) !asier to #se or h5%rogen electro%e (1) %iffic#lt to #se

(b)

(i)

5emperature Concentration

(ii)

3econ%ar/ stan%ar% electro%e 4eason

(c)

(i) (ii) (iii)

;Co(.2O)*<3+ (1) ;Co(.2O)*<2+ (1) ! for ;Co(CC)*<3';Co(CC)*<0 is negati(e 3ith res&ect to .+'.2 (1) 0
[10]

!lectrons flo3 to .+'.2 an% .+ re%#ce% (1)

11.

(a)

Fe + C#2+ C# + Fe2+ (1) allo3 #se of sol#ble C# salt eg C#/O0 ignore state s5mbols 1

Mill Hill High School

(b)

(i)

F e (s) F e

2+

(a " )

C#

2+

(a " ) C # (s)

G#nctions correct (1) ignore state s5mbols allo3 alternati(e s5mbols for salt bri%ge allo3 if G#nctions are correct b#t or%er is 3rong &ro(i%ing metals on each si%e of salt bri%ge are the same ie Fe | Fe2+ not Fe | C#2+ or%er of s&ecies correct (1) %o not gi(e this mar9 if cell re(erse% (ii) e.m.f. = + 0.30 (0.00) = + 0.7- + (1) m#st ha(e + sign allo3 0.7- (+) if re(erse cell gi(en in (i) e.m.f for cell m#st be &ositi(e for reaction to occ#r ' be feasible ' (1) s&ontaneo#s or 2 m#st be negati(e) C#(s) + 2.+ &ro%#cts e.m.f = 0.303onHt ha&&en ' sensible com&arison of the magnit#%e of E for the electro%es eg IC# electro%e more &ositi(e than h5%rogen electro%e3onHt 3or9H (1) C#(s) + CO 3 + 0.+ &ro%#cts e.m.f = + 0.=* 0.30 = +0.*2can occ#r ' similar sensible com&arison (1) (ii) 3C# + 2 CO 3 + -.+ 3C#2+ + 2CO +0.2O s&ecies (1) balance% this mar9 %e&en%ent on first mar9 (1) (%) (i) (ii) 2Fe + O2 + 2.2O 2Fe2+ + 0O. or 2Fe(O.)2 (1) ignore state s5mbols ano%e (onl5 gi(e this mar9 if e8&lanation attem&te%) (1) Fe loses e ( negati(e &ole) ' o8i%ation occ#rs (1) this mar9 %e&en%ent on ano%e for first mar9 (iii) e.m.f. = + 0.0* + or reference to E for electro%es (1) 2
[14]

(c)

(i)

2 1

reasone% arg#ment (1) eg &ositi(esho#l% occ#r ' %ifference so small that reaction #nli9el5

Mill Hill High School

12.

(a)

&ame Con%itions

h5%rogen electro%e (1) 1 , .+(a") or 1 , .Cl(a") or 0.5 , .2/O0(a") (1) 2=- > (1) .5%rogen gas at 1 bar or 100 9:a (1) 0

(b)

(i)

!alue 1.21 ( (1)

2 2

Equation /2O - + 2Ag 2/O 0 + 2Ag+ [2] (ii) Chan-e, if an/, in electro%e potential 7ess &ositi(e or %ecrease (1) E1planation !"#ilibri#m %is&lace% to the left (1) ,ore electrons release% (1) *
[10]

13.

(i) O8i%ising agents C#2+(a") (1)@ .2O2(a") (1)@ C12(a") (1) (3) if Cr2O 7 (a") is incl#%e%@ %e%#ct one mar9 (ii) 2) )2 )(1) )(0) (1) ,n2+ ,nO 0
2 2

,n())) ,n(+))) (1)

Cr2O 7 2CrO 0 no change (&enalise% abo(e) Cl2 ClO Cl(0) Cl(1) (1) (iii) C#2(a") + )(a") + e C#+(s) (1) )(a") J )2(a") + e (not re(erse) (1) .2O2(a") + 2.+(a") + 2e 2.2O (1) (1) ,n2+(a") + 0.2O (1) ,nO 0 (a") + -.+(a") + 5e (not re(erse) (1)
1 2

Cl2(a") + e Cl (a") (1)

J Cl2(a") + 2O.(a") ClO(a") + .2O(l) + e (not re(erse) (1) :enalise missing or incorrect state s5mbols once onl5 (12 MAX) 11
[11]

Mill Hill High School