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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

A PROJECT REPORT ON TO STUDY THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS HARDAYAL MILK PRODUCTS
FOR

Hardayal Milk Prod !"# P$"% L"d%%


REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF 2 YEARS FULL TIME COURSE OF MBA
GBTU LUCKNOW Session : 2013 1!

&UNDELKHAND INSTITUTE OF EN'INEERIN' ( TECHNOLO'Y) JHANSI


SU&MITTED TO * DR% SUMAN YADA+ HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT ,M&ASU&MITTED &Y * RAM SHANKAR III SEM% ,M&AROLL NO% ./01230024 1

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

DECLARATION

I, RAM SHANKAR, hereby declared that the research work presented in this report entitled TO STUDY THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS HARDAYAL MILK PRODUCTS for the fulfillment of the award of Ma#"5r i6 & #i65## Ad7i6i#"ra"io6 ,M%&%A%- from 'a "a7 & dd8 T5!86i!al U6i$5r#i"y ,'%&%T%U%-) L !k6o9 is based on my work during the summer training in the HARDAYAL MILK PRODUCTS P+T% LTD% )SHIKOHA&AD% The project embodies the result of original work and studies carried out by me and the contents of the project do not form he basis for the award of any other degree to me or to anybody else.

Date: 1 !"#!2"1$

, RAM SHANKAR %&' ($rd semester) *oll +o. (12",$-""$#)

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

ACKOWNLED'EMENT
I am thankful to management to study the TO STUDY THE CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS HARDAYAL MILK PRODUCTS for granting the permission, corporation and .aluable information for competition of this project. +o words are enough to thank Mr% PRADEEP YADA+ ,/* %'+'01*) /ardayal milk products 2.t. 3td. , who not only inspired me to work on this project but also accepted to guide me. In spite of hea.y responsibilities and busy schedules, they always managed time to pro.ide proper guidance. 3ast but not the least, I would like to say that my parents and friends for gi.ing me their constant support and encouragement in completion of my project.

(*'% 4/'+5'*)
%&' ($rd semester) *oll +o. (12",$-""$#)

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

CONTENTS

SL%NO

TITLE E:ECUTI+E SUMMARY A&OUT INDUSTRY COMPANY PROFILE RESEARCH METHODOLO'Y DATA ANALYSIS FINDIN'S SU''ESTIONS CONCLUSION APPENDICES &I&LIO'RAPHY

PA'E NO 01;0< 03;.2 .1;23 2=;1/ 12;<2 <1 <> << <3;3/

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

E:ECUTI+E SUMMARY 2radeshik 6ooperati.e Dairy 7ederation (26D7) is a place where the milk procurement, pasteuri8ation, processing and marketing is taking place.26D7 plays .ery important role to propose plan and organise programs for the purpose of the de.elopment of dairy and their agriculture based or an intensi.e and to render assistance in the implementation of .arious programs in different forms. It was a great e9perience to undergo summer in:plant training on To Study the Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products at shikohabad. During the study I tried my best to know the .arious departments of the company, from production to

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. the marketing of milk. In the first half of my study i.e. <rgani8ational study I found that %arketing department plays key role in the company. In this report I tried to know the Consumer Perception towards Hardayal milk Products which may help the %arketing department of the company as well as to the company. The study focused on how e9actly consumer percei.ed the /ardayal milk products. 'nd does the consumer percei.ed according to the company= In the findings and suggestion part I tried to find the answers to the abo.e.

Ti"l5 o? "85 Pro@5!"*


To S" dy "85 Co6# 75r P5r!5A"io6 "o9ard# Hardayal Milk Prod !"#

OB@5!"i$5# o? "85 S" dy*


1. To know the consumer perception towrds /ardayal milk. 2. To know the customers> awareness le.el. $. To find the competitors effect on /ardayal sales.

S"a"5756" o? "85 AroBl57*


Declining /ardayal sales due to hea.y competition in the market and the lack of loyal retailers. 4ources of Data: 1. 2rimary Data 2. 4econdary Data .% Pri7ary Da"a: The information is collected from the personal interaction with the 1mployees. .

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. /% S5!o6dary Da"a: this has been collected through company reports, manuals. 'nd Information form the internet sources Information from the materials pro.ided by the concern

/as done marketing sur.ey to know the consumer perception towards /ardayal milk products.

Fi6di6C#*
The customer awareness le.el towards /ardayal milk products is e9cellent because all the 1"" respondents are aware of it. 7rom the aware respondents , ? of respondents are using /ardayal milk products. 7actors like @uality, taste and price influences more while choosing a brand respecti.ely. <ut of 1"" /ardayal comes to ; respondents> mind when they think of milk. %ore thickness, same taste and a.ailability are the key reasons for alternati.e brand other than hardayal.

S CC5#"io6#*
o The /ardayal brand is ha.ing trust name in the market where it operates and still the market is open for acAuire, 6ompany may take ad.antage of it through ad.ertisements. o The company may con.ince customers that due to less fat thickness of hardayal is less and that is good for health through ad.ertisements!banners.

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. o The company may keep one employee as 6ustomer *elationship 19ecuti.e. Cho will co ordinates between customers and company and also with retailers who may promote hardayal milk effecti.ely on regular basis.

Li7i"a"io6 o? "85 #" dy*


I. This study co.ers only shikohabad Dnit. II. The study is restricted for only , weeks. III. The sur.ey made in only 2 to $ areas of shikohabad city IE. The study only focuses on consumer perception towards hardayal milk products only.

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

I6d #"rial Pro?il5*

Introduction
<n considering the diary industry in India has de.eloped and de.eloping as large industry and as per the certification of the International Dairy Industry India is the world>s largest

1"

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. milk producer and large numbers of industries are engaged in routine commercial production of pasteuri8ed milk and milk products.

<rigin of the %ilk Industry:


%ilk is the nature>s idea of food for infants and growing children in our country, e9cept in rare cases of lactose intolerance. The importance of milk occupies in our diet has been recogni8ed since Eedic time, and all modern research has only supported and reinforced this .iew. In fact, milk is now considered not only desirable but .ery much essential to person from his childhood. In early days the household ha.e to produce their milk by maintaining their family cows or buffalos or they should secure from their neighbors. 's the urbani8ation de.elops only few households are able to keep a cow for pri.ate use. The high production cost, problem of sanitation etc.., restricted the practice, gradually the family cow in the city was eliminated and cattle were sent back to the rural areas, as a result farmers began to deli.er milk o.er routs in the cities. This was the beginning of the fluid milk sheds which are surrounding the large cities now a day. 's we know milk is ha.ing short span of time in normal condition after that which is not possible to consume, in addition to this lack of suitable transportation and refrigeration facilities were major draw backs for the milk producers of early days. %eanwhile the rapidly increasing population caused an imbalance between the demand and supply of milk. The production and marketing of milk has been considered as a profitable business.

To utili8e the abo.e en.ironmental and marketing conditions, the processing and maintenance units were established by the name of MILK DAIRIES to bridge the s imbalance between high demand and less supply. Thus dairying started in India, where the production of milk and its products takes place. The process of 6ollecting, 6hilling, 2asteuri8ing the milk and pre.enting it from the micro bacteria and packing is called dairying. The Indian dairy industry has grown after 1#;">s

11

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. then the large number of modern milk plants and factories has been established. India is the world>s largest milk producing country. 'fter the independence dairy and animal husbandry taken .ital importance. 7or this lot of de.elopment programs made by the go.ernment through 7i.e year plans. This leads to formation of +ational dairy De.elopment &oard in 1#; and thus in 1#-" decided to bring a Chite *e.olution through out the country. %r.Eerghese 5urien is called as 7ather of Chite *e.olution.

Eerghese 5urien: born on +o.ember 2;, 1#21 at 5o8hikode, 5erala is called the
at!er o t!e "!ite Re#olution in India. /e is also known as the Milkman o India. /e was the chairman of the 0ujarat 6o:operati.e %ilk %arketing 7ederation 3td . (06%%7). 06%%7 is an ape9 cooperati.e organi8ation that manages the 'mul food brand. /e is recogni8ed as the man behind the success of the 'mul brand. 'mul had re.enue of F1b D4D in 2"";:"-. In addition to 5urien, people like 4hri Dalaya, E/ 4hah, %adhukar 4hah, Dr.'* 4eth, Dr.4habnis and 4hri Tribhu.andas 2atel ha.e also played a significant role in the progress and de.elopment of 'mul. /e is credited with being the architect of $peration %lood :: the largest dairy de.elopment program in the world. 5urien helped modernise 'nand model of cooperati.e dairy de.elopment and thus engineered the Chite *e.olution in India, and made India the largest milk producer in the world. %ilk co:operati.es were already e9tant when 5urien came to 'nand and were managed by Tribhu.andas 2atel. /is uncle, Gohn %athai, was an economist who ser.ed as IndiaHs first *ailway %inister and subseAuently as IndiaHs 7inance %inister.

'ccording to I6haraka>, the father of 'yur.eda system of medicine e9plains the importance of the milk as, milk has ten properties .i8, 4weetness, 6oldness, 4oftness, Dnctuousness, Density, 4moothness, /ea.iness, 4lowness and 6harityJ

+ational Dairy De.elopment &oard

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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Introduction:
The go.ernment of India constituted the K+ational Dairy De.elopment &oardJ in the year 1#; 4hri: : 3albahadur 4hastry initiated the setting up of +DD&. The board is registered under the society>s registration act and public trust at the head office is at 'nand and is organi8ation in to # functional di.isions.

<bjecti.es of +ational Dairy De.elopment &oard


To sponsor, promote, manage, acAuire, construct control any plant or work which promotes or ad.ances the projects of general public utility reactions to dairying. 1. To make a.ailable on reAuest, information ser.ices to increase production de.elopment to released to production and marketing of agricultural and food products. 2. To pro.ide international liaison with other national dairy boards and international agencies in order to facilitate e9change of information and personnel as well as to assist in de.elopment of dairying in other countries.

4C<T '+'3L4I4 <7 I+DI'+ D'I*L I+DD4T*L 4trengths:


Demand profile: 'bsolutely optimistic. %argins: @uite reasonable, e.en on packed liAuid milk. 7le9ibility of product mi9: Tremendous. Cith balancing eAuipment, you can keep

on adding to your product line.

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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. '.ailability of raw material: 'bundant. 2resently, more than B" per cent of milk produced is flowing into the unorgani8ed sector, which reAuires proper channeli8ation. Technical manpower: 2rofessionally:trained, technical human resource pool, built

o.er last $" years.

Ceaknesses:
2erishability: 2asteuri8ation has o.ercome this weakness partially. D/T gi.es milk

long life. 4urely, many new processes will follow to impro.e milk Auality and e9tend its shelf life. 3ack of control o.er yield: Theoretically, there is little control o.er milk yield. /owe.er, increased awareness of de.elopments like embryo transplant, artificial insemination and properly managed animal husbandry practices, coupled with higher income to rural milk producers should automatically lead to impro.ement in milk yields. 3ogistics of procurement: Coes of bad roads and inadeAuate transportation facility

make milk procurement problematic. &ut with the o.erall economic impro.ement in India, these problems would also get sol.ed. 2roblematic distribution: Les, all is not well with distribution. &ut then if ice creams can be sold .irtually at e.ery nook and corner, why can>t we sell other dairy products too= %oreo.er, it is only a matter of time before we see the emergence of a cold chain linking the producer to the refrigerator at the consumer>s homeM

6ompetition: Cith so many newcomers entering this industry, competition is

becoming tougher day by day. &ut then competition has to be faced as a ground reality. The market is large enough for many to car.e out their niche.

<pportunities:
N7ailure is ne.er final, and success ne.er endingJ. Dr 5urien bears out this statement perfectly. /e entered the industry when there were only threats. /e met failure head:on, 1,

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. and now he clearly is an e9ample of Ine.er ending successesM If dairy entrepreneurs are looking for opportunities in India, the following areas must be tapped:

Ealue addition:
There is a phenomenal scope for inno.ations in product de.elopment, packaging and presentation. 0i.en below are potential areas of .alue addition: 4teps should be taken to introduce .alue:added products like s!rik!and, ice creams, paneer& k!oa, fla.ored milk, dairy sweets, etc. This will lead to a greater presence and fle9ibility in the market place along with opportunities in the field of brand building. 'ddition of cultured products like yoghurt and cheese lend further strength : both in terms of utili8ation of resources and presence in the market place. ' lateral .iew opens up opportunities in milk proteins through casein, caseinates and other dietary proteins, further opening up e9port opportunities Let another aspect can be the addition of infant foods, geriatric foods and nutritional.

19port potential:
1fforts to e9ploit e9port potential are already on. /ardyal is e9porting to &angladesh, 4ri 3anka, +igeria, and the %iddle 1ast. 7ollowing the new 0'TT treaty, opportunities will increase tremendously for the e9port of agri:products in general and dairy products in particular.

Threats: %ilk .endors, the un:organi8ed sector:


Today milk .endors are occupying the pride of place in the industry. <rgani8ed dissemination of information about the harm that they are doing to producers and consumers should see a steady decline in their importance.

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. The study of this 4C<T analysis shows that the Istrengths> and Iopportunities> far outweigh Iweaknesses> and Ithreats>. 4trengths and opportunities are fundamental and weaknesses and threats are transitory. 'ny in.estment idea can do well only when you ha.e three essential ingredients: entrepreneurship (the ability to take risks), inno.ati.e approach (in product lines and marketing) and .alues (of Auality!ethics). The Indian dairy industry, following its delicensing, has been attracting a large number of entrepreneurs. Their success in dairying depends on factors such as an efficient yet economical procurement network, hygienic and cost:effecti.e processing facilities and inno.ati.eness in the market place. 'll that needs to be done is: to inno.ate, con.ert products into commercially e9ploitable ideas. 'll the time keep reminding yourself: &enjamin 7ranklin disco.ered electricity, but it was the man who in.ented the meter that really made the moneyM

6ompany 2rofile:
The D2 state functioning at %iddle le.el between the Dairy 6o:operati.e 4ocieties (D64) member and 2radeshik 6ooperati.e Dairy 7ederation (26D7) where the milk procurement, pasteuri8ation, processing and marketing is taking place.

1;

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

2radeshik 6ooperati.e Dairy 7ederation ,D2


Dttar pradesh %ilk 7ederation (26D7) sells products by the .arious names. They are famous for taste and Auality. 4weets like pedha, jalebi, paneer, curds and milk are consumed by thousands of people in India. 's the name suggests it is the federation of milk producers association working on cooperati.e principles. 'lmost e.ery district in state of D2 has milk producing co:operati.es. The milk is collected from farmers who are its members, processed and sold in the market by the brand name. HISTORY OF PCDF* The Dttar pradesh diary de.elopment corporation was established in the year 1#;2 under the Corld &ank assistance. The main objecti.e was to organi8e the 'nand pattern milk co: operati.e societies and there by helping the farmers to increase the milk production by getting technical input ser.ices and procuring the milk, procured by them around the year. In order to process and market the milk so collected, diaries and chilling centers where established in the parts of Dttar pradesh as dugdh utpadak sahakari sangh ltd. subseAuently. The 26D7 3ucknow,D2 is the ape9 body according to +ational De.elopment &oard (+DD&).

/%2:: (/ardayal %ilk 2roducts)..


It is established in the year 1#B- by %r. 2ra.endra kumar. /ardayal group is well eAuipped with appropriate knowledge and manpower to build .ariety of dairy products.It>s most popular product range comprises of.. %ilk 2owder Dairy Chitener 2asteuri8ed &utter 4pray Dried 4kimmed %ilk 2owder 0hee 7ull 6ream %ilk 2owder
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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

/%2 emphasis on the both Auality and Auantity for better maintainance between company and customer in all o.er India and also abroad at international le.el in different ways with appropriate stratigies. <bjecti.es:
1. To propose plan O organi8e programs for the purpose of the de.elopment of dairy O their agriculture based O attired O biological on an intensi.e O national wide basis O to render assistance in the implementation of such program. 2. To adopt the co:operati.e strategy a more affecti.e manner on an intensi.e manner on an intensi.e O national wide basis and to take such steps as may be a necessary for the purpose before said. $. To facilitate research O promotional acti.ities in the field of dairying immensely animal husbandry, agriculture O horticulture. ,. To import technological know how to such organi8ation in the co:operati.e or public sector as are engaged in the production preser.ation or milk marketing of milk products. . To function as a channelising agency for the import O e9port of the milk O milk production O of the milk animals or bulls.

Dttar pradesh 6ooperati.e %ilk 2roducerH 7ederation 3imited*

D2 %ilk 7ederation is the 'pe9 &ody in D2 representing Dairy 7armersH 6o:operati.es. It is the largest dairy co:operati.e amongst the dairy cooperati.es in the country. In north India it stands first in terms of procurement as well as sales. <ne of the core functions of the 7ederation is marketing of %ilk and %ilk 2roducts. The &rand I/ardayal> is the household name for 2ure and 7resh milk and milk products.

1B

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. 26D7 has different %ilk Dnions throughout the 4tate which procure milk from 2rimary Dairy 6ooperati.e 4ocieties (D64) and distribute milk to the consumers in .arious Towns!6ities!*ural markets in D2. The first e.er Corld &ank funded Dairy De.elopment 2rogram in the country started in D2 with the organi8ation of Eillage 3e.el Dairy 6o:operati.es in 1#;2. The /%2 pattern of dairy co:operati.es started functioning in D2 from 1#B-.

7inancial assistance from Corld &ank, <peration 7lood II O III. The dairy co: operati.es were established under the '+'+D pattern in a three tier structure with the Eillage 3e.el Dairy 6o:operati.es forming the base le.el, the District 3e.el %ilk Dnions at the middle le.el to take care of the procurement, processing and marketing of milk and the D2 %ilk 7ederation as the 'pe9 &ody to co:ordinate the growth of the sector at the 4tate le.el.

<&G16TIE14 <7 26D7:


The D2 %ilk 7ederation is a co:operation ape9 body in the state of D2 for representing diary farmer>s organi8ation and also implementing diary de.elopment acti.ities to achie.e the following objecti.e. 2ro.iding assured and remunerati.e market for all the milk produced by the farmer members

2ro.iding hygienic milk to urban consumers. To build .illage le.el institution in cooperati.e sector to manage dairy acti.ity. To ensure pro.iding of milk production inputs processing facilities disseminations up know how.

1#

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. To facilitate rural de.elopment by pro.iding opportunities for self employment at .illage le.el pre.enting migration to urban areas introducing cash economy and opportunity for steady growth.

1$ %ilk Dnions of 26D7:


1. 3ucknow %ilk Dnion 2. 5anpur %ilk Dnion $. 'gra %ilk Dnion ,. 0+ %ilk Dnion . D 5 %ilk Dnion ;. &arailly %ilk Dnion -. 0ulbarga %ilk Dnion B. &ijnaur %ilk Dnion #. 54 %ilk Dnion 1". %andya %ilk Dnion 11. +oida %ilk union 12. %ir8apur %ilk Dnion 1$. %'D %ilk Dnion

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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

THE 'ROWTH PROCESS


The growth o.er the years and acti.ities undertaken by 26D7 is summarised briefly hereunder: .43<;33 ,1; $-""" """" # " " 22" ".#" /003;/00= 11";$ 1# ;1;$ $"2 #," 212#-#"!:1.--352D $"1" $,2 2-"-.""

Dairy 6o:operati.es %embership %ilk 2rocurement %ilk 4ales 6attle 7eed 6onsumed Daily 2ayment to 7armers Turno.er

+os +os 5gs!day 3ts!day 5gs!D64 *s.3akhs *s.6rores

World &a6k S" dy D OB#5r$a"io6#


The Corld &ank, in its study on the effect of 6o:operati.e dairying in D2, has pointed out that: The .illages with Dairy 6o:operati.e 4ocieties are much better off than those without. The families with dairy cattle are economically better than those without dairy cattle. Comen who had no control on the household income ha.e better control in terms of %ilk %oney ' single commodity K%I35J has acted as a catalyst in the change in the 4ocio:1conomic impact of the rural economy. There is a positi.e impact on those at the lower end of the economic ladder both in terms of landholding and caste.

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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

PERSPECTI+E PLAN /0.2


'fter the closure of <7:III project. 0o.ernment of Dttar pradesh and +DD& signed an %<D during 2""", for further strengthening the Dairy De.elopment 'cti.ities in Drrar pradesh with an outlay of *s.2 " 6rores. 6onseAuent to the announcement of new lending terms and conditions by +DD& through an e.olution of an action plan : 2erspecti.e 2"1" to enable the dairy cooperati.es to face the challenges of the increased demand for milk and milk products by focusing efforts in the four major thrust areas of 4trengthening the 6ooperati.es. 1nhancing 2roducti.ity, %anaging @uality and building a +ational Information +etwork, plans are under implementation. The , %ilk Dnions , that were ha.ing accumulated losses were included for rehabilitation program under the 6entrally 4ponsored 4cheme N'ssistance to 6ooperati.esN which is also under implementation.

UNITS OF UPMF* D2%7 has the following Dnits functioning directly under its control: %other Dairy. /ardayal %ilk 2roducts, with mother dairy,Dehli. 6attle 7eed 2lants. 2ouch 7ilm 2lant. 6entral Training Institute at D2%7 6omple9. @uality 6ontrol 3ab at D2%7 6omple9.

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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

CATTLE FEED PLANTS


To supply $ .arieties of balanced 6attle 7eed O %ineral %i9tures %ilk 7ederation owns 7our 6attle 7eed plants with installed capacity of plants on an a.erage is B"?. The plants which are all I4< 6ertified 2lants. "" %Tsper day and is manufacturing 1",""" %Ts 6attle 7eed on an a.erage per month. 2resent utilisation of the

DAIRY INDUSTRIES LIMITED*


The Dairy Industries 3imited, a sick unit Dnder the &I7* with a dairy, was taken o.er by D2%7 under financial assistance from +DD& and 0<5. The 2lant is today an I4<:2""" certified plant. The Dairy has a 2owder 2lant with a capacity of drying 1." 3akh litres per day. The plant mainly produces &utter, 4kimmed %ilk 2owder and 0hee. 'part from selling the products under the /ardayal brand, it still sells products under the brand name &ounce (of the erstwhile Dempo Dairy Industries 3td.) in 0oa and &ombay.

MOTHER DAIRY
,A6 ISO ; 400/ a6d HACCP IS .>000 C5r"i?i5d O6ly Dairy i6 Nor"8 I6dia-E %other Dairy, a Dnit of D2%7, is set up by +DD& on -.12.1#B,. The Dairy has a uniAue nature of homogeni8ing the milk and selling to its consumers through #2 'utomatic &ulk Eending &ooths and #2 7*2 tanks. The Dairy also caters %ilk in sachets and %ilk 2roducts through its 2B# retailers. The a.erage sale of milk per day is 2."B 3akh litres during the year 2"" :";. The entire reAuirement of milk is procured from 5olar %ilk Dnion. The Dairy produces &utter, 0hee, 6urds, Ice 6ream O 4kim %ilk 2owder. The acti.ities of all the Departments at %other Dairy are being carried out through an on:line computer system.

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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

ICE CREAM PLANT*


%other Dairy has an Ice 6ream 2lant of $""" 3itres per day capacity which was e9panded to 1"""" liters. Day during 7eb.2"";. name. 'n Ice 6ream sale on an a.erage during 2""; is B""" liters per day% The plant started functioning from <ctober 1##-, producing Ice cream under 'mul brand name as well as +andini brand

POWDER PLANT*
%other Dairy has a 2owder 2lant with a capacity of $" Tons!day commissioned on 1;.1".2""2. 4urplus milk from &angalore, 5olar, %ysore, %andya, Tumkur, /assan is recei.ed for con.ersion.

HARDAYAL MILK PRODUCTS ,HMP-*


Cith the main objecti.e of supplying nutritious milk to the under:pri.ileged through the Comen and 6hild Celfare Department, the erstwhile %iltone 2roject was started during the year 1#B- under assistance from 0o.ernment of uttar pradesh. <ut of B",""" beneficiaries, mainly children, more than -"? belonged to 4cheduled 6aste and 4cheduled Tribe. The production of 0roundnut protein enriched %iltone, which was started in year 1#B-, was discontinued and 4terili8ed 7la.ored %ilk was introduced in its place during the year 1##2. The %iltone 2roject was renamed as N/ardayal %ilk 2roductsN in the year 1## with speciali8ed production of sweet:based milk products, 4terili8ed 7la.ored %ilk, 2aneer, 5ho.a etc. %ysore 2ak, 2remium 6ashew &urfi, 2remium &adam &urfi are .ery popular with the consumers who are highly appreciati.e of these Auality milk products at a reasonable cost. /ardayal &adam 2owder, introduced during Ganuary 2""", is being e9ported to 4ingapore in 2"" gm packs. &adam 2owder in 1" gms pouches was also introduced during 4eptember 2""2.

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Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

POUCH FILM PLANT*


During the year 1## :#;, due to inconsistency in terms of supplies and Aualities of %ilk 2acking 7ilm by suppliers, D2%7 decided to establish a 2ouch 7ilm 2lant as backward integration. The 2roject *eport was prepared by Institute of *ural %anagement, 'nand. The project was established during 1##- with the help of +ational 6o:operati.e Dairy 7ederation of India and 6entral Institute of 2lastics 1ngineering O Technology (6I21T), %ysore, as technical consultant. T85 Pro@5!" i6$5#"756" 7ad5 9a# R#%242%2< lak8#% 2ouch 7ilm 2lant is situated in %arathally, /'3 *oad which is about 1 kms from &angalore &us 4tation. 2resent demand for 2ouch 7ilm of D2%7 Dnits and %ember Dnions is $;"" %Ts per annum. The 2ouch 7ilm 2lant began its commercial production since 1##-:#B. T85 To"al Pla6" !aAa!i"y i# ./00 "o6# A5r a66 7% The film is being supplied to all the %ember Dnions O D2%7 Dnits based on their reAuirement O schedule.

MILK ; ESSENTIAL FOR NOURISHMENT*


%ilk is natureHs ideal food for infants and growing children in our country, e9cept in rare cases of lactose intolerance. The important place milk occupies in our diet has been recogni8ed since Eedic times, and all modern research has only supported and reinforced this .iew. In fact, milk is now considered not only desirable but essential from the time the child is born. The baby is recommended to be breast:fed until it is weaned and thereafter gi.en cow!buffalo!goat!sheep or similar domesticated mammalHs milk till he or she reaches 12 years of age.

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. The +ational Institute of +utrition has recommended a minimum of $"" 0ms daily intake of milk for children between 1:$ years of age and 2 " 0ms for those between 1":12 years, if they are .egetarian, and 2 " 0ms and 2"" 0ms for the same age groups of non: .egetarian children. In our country, most such adults consume milk only as whiteners for tea and coffee, some dahi or buttermilk.

C/'T I4 %I35F
%ilk may be defined as the whole, fresh, clean, lacteal secretion obtained by the complete milking of one or more healthy milky animals, e9cluding that obtained within 1 days before or days after cal.ing or such periods as may be necessary to render the milk practically colostrums:free and containing the minimum prescribed percentages of milk fat and milk:solids:not:fat. In India, the term HmilkH, when unAualified, refers to cow or buffalo milk, or a combination of the two.

6/1%I6'3 6<%2<4ITI<+ <7 %I35 ,G-*


Sl%No% 1 2 SA5!i5# 6ow &uffalo es Wa" 5r B;.; B,.2 ,.; ;.; Fa" Pro"5 i6 $., $.# La!"o #5 ,.# .2 A #8 ". ". B

7uture Eision of D2%7:


To consolidate the gains of Dairying achie.ed in the state of up and with a .iew of efficiently chill, process and market e.er de.eloping and increasing milk procurement with an utmost emphasis on the Auality and in the process conser.e the 4ocio:1conomic interest of rural milk producers.

%ission 4tatement of /%2:


The %ission of /%2 is to pro.ide timely technical facilities to members of Dairy Co' operati#es Society and collection of good Auality milk from the members by paying remunerati.e price and holds the responsibility of 4upplying good Auality milk and milk products to its customers by maintaining the 1conomic stability of the Dnion. 2;

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

*epresentaters in /%2::
Ra7$55r #i6C8 yada$ A7ol yada$ Sa!8i6 yada$ A6 A &8a"ia D #al5# 7a6aC5r Prad55A yada$ D HR 7a6aC5r

<bjecti.es of the <rgani8ation:


To impro.e the customer satisfaction inde9. 6onser.ation of +atural *esources and energy by adopting energy management system for cost effecti.eness. Impro.e the Auality of milk recei.ed from chilling centre bulk coolers. To pro.ide assured technical support to members of Dairy 6o:operati.e 4ocieties. To pro.ide good Auality of milk and milk products to consumers. To build .illage institution 6o:operati.e sector to manage the Dairy acti.ities.

'reas of <peration:
The Dairy operates its business in three Districts at north side of 5arnataka. 1. 3ucknow District. 2. 'gra District. $. %eerut District.

2-

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Details about 3ucknow District:


+o. of *egistered Talukas 3ucknow 1. 2. $. ,. . Total of 4ocieties 2" ,# B "; "1 1;1 +o of 7unctional 4ocieties 1" $; ,$ "" "" B# %ilk 6ollection in 5gs (2er Day) 1",,#1$ #"" "" 2"1,1

'gra District:
Talukas of 'gra 1. 2. $. ,. . ;. -. Total 1 $; ,2 2B, $" $, 2 1, , B ;;#$ ,B-; 1# ," *egd. 4ocieties B # 2, 1, +o.of functional 4ocieties 2; 2, " "1 %ilk collection in 5gs!day ,12 22;; 2# 2";

%eerut District:
Taluks 1. 2. *egd. 4ocieties $; ;1 +o. of 7unctional 4ocieties 1# $%ilk collection in 5gs!day 22"; #-;

2B

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. $. 21 2,. 1"Total 1$ #"

2""; ,2 1, 1#

%ilk Dnion is marketing milk in 3ucknow,'gra and 0ha8iabad Districts through a network of "" agents, 11 milk parlors and 21 go.t. institutions. The a.erage sale during the year 2""B:"# is #" ;B 32D. The total demand for liAuid milk in the urban areas of milk union has been estimated at 1.#" lakhs 32D based on population, the union>s market share is around ,-.-?. The pri.ate brand share is around $#? in the packet milk share. 3oose milk sale is estimated appro9imately ".- lakhs 32D by .endors sourcing milk from near by .illages.

D12'*T%1+T4:
There are fi.e Departments , they are, 1. %ilk 2rocurement and input section. 2. 2urchase Department. $. 2roduction Department. ,. 'dministration Department.

2#

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. . 7inance Department. ;. %arketing Department.

$"

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

4T*D6TD*1P.

$1

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

%anager Technical input wing Deputy %anager 'ssistant manager

2rocurement wing

Deputy %anager

'ssistant manager

19tension officers

6lerks

6lerks

/elpers <rgani8ation chart of procurement and input department


The union carries procurement by setting up co:operati.e societies at .illage le.el. 3ater milk is collected in the chilling center, milk collected from the milk center, is first tested, there are milk testing eAuipments for this purpose. Then a sur.ey on a.ailability of transportation facilitates and producti.e capacities of .illages are conducted. If the marketable surplus is more than 1 " litters per day, a society is formedQ further 1" promoters selected from .illage and are gi.en responsibility of collecting the capital for society selling shares. 2rocurement is done twice a day and payment is made on the basis of percentage of the content 7at and 4+7 in the milk 'fter this milk is sent to unions chilling center, whiche.er is near. 't the chilling center, milk is chilled up to , degree 6elsius. 3etter this chilled milk is to sent to union insulated tankers for further processing. The main function of this department is to procure milk from different areas throughout the year

$2

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT* 2roduction department is the main department wherein the raw material is con.erted into finished into products. 't production department is well planned O adeAuately eAuipped manufacturing set up where the entire necessary infrastructure is a.ailable. The Auality of the product is also dependant on the production procedure. In the raw milk is processed to form the good Auality of milk. During the processing the milk is differentiated depending on the contract of 7'T O 4+7 (4olids +ot 7at) T85 di??5r56" "yA5# o? 7ilk di??5r56" i6 H ali"y ar5 TYPES OF MILK 7ull 6ream %ilk Toned %ilk 4tandardi8ed milk 7ull 6ream %ilk 4hubham milk . FAT ;? $? ,. ? ;? ;? SNF #? B. ? B. ? #? #?

$$

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

OrCa6iIa"io6 !8ar" o? Arod !"io6 d5Aar"756"*

%'+'01* Deputy manager


'ssistant manager

<ffice staff
'ssistant (stores) 6lerk 'ssistant (account) Typist

Technical officer

4enior super.isor Gunior super.isor Dairy operation Dairy technician Dairy worker

The structure of production department in Dnit..

$,

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. Dairy S A5r$i#or S56ior "5!86i!ia6 J ali"y !o6"rol d5A" Pa!ki6C d5A"

PRODUCTION PROFILE* The /%2 %ilk Dnion 3imited 4hikohabad is producing the %ilk and curd products. /ardayal Toned milk /ardayal %ilk /ardayal curd In the raw milk is processed to form the good Auality of milk during the processing the milk is differentiating depending on the content of fat and 4+7 (solids not fat). The different types of milk with difference in Auality are*

TYPES OF MILK

CONTENT Fa" ,i6 G2%0 >%

SNF ,i6 G=%> 4.

To65d 7ilk S8 B8a7 Milk

O&JECTI+ES OF THE PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT*


$

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. 1. %aintain the standard Auality of the product. 2. 5eep the customer satisfaction by Aualified products. $. 6leanliness.

7D+6TI<+4 <7 2*<DD6TI<+ D12'*T%1+T:


1. 6hilling the milk. 2. 2asteuri8ations of milk. $. 2ackage O store the milk in the stores at ,R6

FLOW CHART OF PRODUCTION PROCESS

$;

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. COLLECTION OF MILK

CHILLIN' OF RAW MILK

CHILLED MILK STORA'E

PASTEURIKATION

STANDARDIKATION

PACKIN' STORA'E

MARKETIN' DEPARTMENT AND FINANCE DEPARTMENT NUM&ER OF EMPLOYEES "1 "1 "1 "1 "1 "1 "1 DESI'NATION Deputy %anager %arketing <fficer 'ccount assistant 'dministration 'ssistant %arketing consultant 4ecurity guard 6omputer operator

$-

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

F 6!"io6#*
6hecking daily sales as per the respecti.e agents. 7inding new areas where there is demand for milk Issue tenders and recei.ing application for opening for new parlors and agencies. 7i9ing!organi8ing milk distribution routs 4ending of milk!milk products are per the indents. 'ttending complaints from the agents. %eeting agents to sol.e their problems. %aintaining up date records of milk!milk products sale agents arise!institutional wise. Draws new ad.ertising strategy. 7inancial department 6ollect the cash from dealers.

A66 al Mark5"i6C Pla6*


The 'nnual %arketing plan ('%2) 2""#:1" is aiming at achie.ing the sales target of 1."1 3akhs 32D by way of market co.erage, market penetration and milk marketing e9tension work by field marketing staff with assumption that the Auality of market milk will be impro.ed on a continuous basis. 'nnual marketing plan is prepared in order to achie.e the sales target by .arious marketing strategies, market inter.entions and sales promotional efforts with financial implications to be e.ol.ed in the form of an annual marketing plan to be implemented by the marketing staff.

$B

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

OB@5!"i$5# o? A66 al Mark5"i6C Pla6*


a. The basic objecti.es of preparation of '%2 is to e.ol.e the Dnion>s sales and marketing strategies during year 2""#:1" with the ultimate aim of increasing the sales .olume by fulfilling customer satisfaction, customer relation and loyalty. The greatest challenge of sales and milk marketing of the union is to keep up wit the ine.itable and constant changes in market place with the continuous entry of competitors and with the customers> changing needs and wants in terms of milk product Auality and ser.ices associated with its deli.ery and a.ailability. It pro.ides an insight into apply the best milk marketing practices in de.eloping sales and marketing strategies and translating market changes into business opportunities.

2riorities and key objecti.es of during 2""#:1"


1. To keep a close watch on the customer needs and e9pectations on a continuous basis. 2. 4tudying as to what affects in the outside marketing en.ironment. $. *e positioning milk and its products and redefining ser.ices in the market. ,. %anaging ad.ertisement campaign, direct marketing, publicity, special e.ents etc.. . 4atisfying, retaining and building loyal customer through 6ustomer *elationship %anagement ;. %oti.ating the field marketing team through training. -. De.eloping appropriate and area specific channel of distribution of milk and milk products B. 6ontrolling and measuring the financial implications of sales and marketing e9tension acti.ities.

$#

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

SWOT A6aly#i# o? HMP 4trengths


4trong &rand .alue and reliability /ighest market share among the organi8ed brands in packed milk market segment 4trong distribution of network and better reach 0ood infrastructure facility compared to competitors 6onsistency in Auality and timely supply of milk

Ceakness:
%ajority of /ardayal dealers are not loyal 4ales based on agents indent %iss match between consumers e9pectation in terms of Auality +o established system for 6onsumer 0rie.ance *edressal

<pportunities
' large market with a good potential for liAuid milk 0rowing industrial and institutional demand for /ardayal milk 0ood scope in opening milk parlors at all Taluks and prime location in the district head Auarters %ilk deli.ery can be impro.ed by introducing more and more T6D 4ystem at &ellary ,shikohabad, cities to meat the market demand

Threats
/igh margin paid to retailers by competitors 7le9ibility in trade policy by the competitors 4trong door deli.ery system of loose milk .endors

,"

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Ma@or Co7A5"i"or# o? "85 HMP*


's per &usiness market major players in this region are, 'rokya, Eijaya, Teja0old, 5sheera, 5rishna and local loose milk sellers. 'ccording to the sur.ey I made in yada. colony area of shikohabad, most of the customers are using +on /ardayal brands either 'rokya, Teja or loose milk. The common reason I found that /ardayal milk is containing e9cess amount of water compare to others. Chen I discussed about this with marketing manager, he told that most of the /ardayal retailers are not loyal and they are promoting other brands because they offer more margin to them than /ardayal and its .ariants.

,1

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

R5#5ar!8 M5"8odoloCy* ToAi! O? "85 #" dy*


Consumers perception towards Hardayal milk products .

R5#5ar!8 OB@5!"i$5#*
To determine 6onsumers> perception towards /ardayal milk. To 4tudy the effecti.eness of ser.ice offered by /ardayal. ( @uality, 2rice, Door deli.ery) To know the awareness le.el of /ardayal. To understand consumer buying beha.ior of consumers. To understand and study the impact of competitors on customers of /ardayal milk.

N55d o? "85 #" dy*


Try to know the reasons for declining /ardayal sales although ha.ing good brand name in the market and to understand the consumers> changing buying beha.iour which may help the company to promoting its sales through new and effecti.e strategies hence repositioning milk and milk products and re defining ser.ices in the market.

S!oA5 o? "85 #" dy*


The scope of the project is to know the consumers> perception towards in recent trends. The study will help the company to understand the beha.ior of indi.idual while purchasing milk. The study will help the company to know the e9pectation of company. The study will help the company to make strategies to impro.e their ser.ices to meet customers> e9pectation. 4cope of my study is restricted only to city. ,2 /ardayal

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Li7i"a"io6# o? "85 #" dy*


Time limitation of $ weeks. 3imited area of sur.ey. 6ustomers> lack of interest while gi.ing true feedback.

Sa7Ali6C a6d "85 T5#"i6C o? 8yAo"85#i#*


7or this research study I ha.e chosen 1"" customers as a sample si8e, among these $" for pilot study. %y sample unit will be 2 to $ area>s of *aichur city. %y sampling elements will be e9isting and non e9isting customers.

R5$i59 o? 5arli5r Aro@5!"#*


In many earlier projects the competitors> effect and e9cess content of water in the /ardayal milk were the major reasons for decreasing its sales. 's per the pre.ious sur.eys, irregularity in deli.ery of milk, bad smell and a.ailability of small pouches i.e. 1"" ml in +on /ardayal brands made them to shift their brand from /ardayal to others.

Da"a Coll5!"io6 M5"8od#*


The information necessary for this research study is collected by tapping primary and secondary sources. The sources are as follows: Pri7ary So r!5#* a) @uestionnaire b) 2ersonal interaction

S5!o6dary So r!5#* a) 6ompany Cebsites. b) *elated Information from Internet c) 6ompany *eports.

,$

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

SAMPLIN' PROCESS*
PoA la"io6* 6ustomers from the shikohabad city. Sa7Ali6C ?ra75* yada$ !olo6y #8iko8aBad% Sa7Ali6C 6i"* /ouse wi.es, 2rofessionals% Sa7Ali6C #iI5* 1"" units% Sa7Ali6C 75"8od* 6on.enience 4ampling

M5a# r5756" a6d A6aly#i# T5!86iH 5# U#i6C SPSS #o?"9ar5


The measurement and e.aluation of the data is done using statistical tools and techniAues such as:: 4imple percentage method 0raphical representation Dsing data code sheet.

,,

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Hypothesis testing:
7or this 4ur.ey I ha.e chosen 1"" as a sample si8e, among this $" as a pilot study and in this sample si8e of the consumers 7eel /ardayal will enhance richness to Tea!6offee $"? of 1"" sample si8e is considered for pilot study. 1""S$"!1""T$" <ut of $" respondents 1B respondents feel that /ardayal will enhance richness to Tea!6offee 1B!$"T ".;" ".;"S1""T ;"? Then %y +ull and alternati.e hypothesis are, /"UT %ore then are 1Aual to ;"? of respondent may say it will enhance richness. /1V. Then ;"? of respondent may not say it will enhance richness. +Ttotal sample si8e is 1"". 2T .;" .;" (1:.;") 4tandard errorT T 1"":1 .;" W . ," ##

S = 0.049 Po= 57/100 = 0.57 ,

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. Z= Po-P/S 0.57-0.60/0.049 = 0.612 Conclusion: Accept Ho bec use it ! lls un"e# t$e con!i"ence le%el i.e. 1.64 it st tes t$ t &o#e t$ n 60' o! #espon"ents !eel H #" ( l )ill en$ nce #ic$ness to *e /Co!!ee.

,;

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Data analysis and interpretation: Frequencies


Statistics A#e (ou ) #e o! H #" ( l p#o"ucts . + li" 100 ,issin0

Are you aware of Hardayal products /#e0uenc( 100 Pe#cent 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 100.0

+ li"

(es

A#e (ou ) #e o! H #" ( l p#o"ucts


120

100

10

60

/#e0uenc(

40

20

0 (es

A#e (ou ) #e o! H #" ( l p#o"ucts

A6aly#i#: 1""? of the respondents are aware of /ardayal milk% I6"5rAr5"a"io6: 7rom the abo.e data it can be said that almost all know about /ardayal milk.

,-

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies
Statistics Ho) "o (ou co&e to 2no) bout H #" ( l &il2 . + li" 100 ,issin0

How do you come to know about Hardayal milk /#e0uenc( 19 16 16 49 100 Pe#cent 19.0 16.0 16.0 49.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 19.0 16.0 16.0 49.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 19.0 35.0 51.0 100.0

+ li"

*ele%ison .e)sp pe# 4 nne#s /#ien"s n" ot$e#s *ot l

Ho) "o (ou co&e to 2no) bout H #" ( l &il2


60 50

40

30

/#e0uenc(

20

10 0 *ele%ison .e)sp pe# 4 nne#s /#ien"s n" ot$e#s

Ho) "o (ou co&e to 2no) bout H #" ( l &il2

A6aly#i#* N5arly >0G o? r5#Ao6d56"# !a75 "o k6o9 Hardayal 7ilk By ?ri56d# a6d o"85r#) .4G By T%+ a6d 2/G By Bo"8 Ba665r# a6d 659# AaA5r#% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* W5 !a6 #ay 8al? o? "85 r5#Ao6d56"# k6o9 Hardayal By Fri56d# a6d r5la"i$5#%

,B

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies
Statistics 5$ic$ b# n" o! &il2 (o# #e consu&in. + li" 100 ,issin0

I
Which brand of milk yor are consuming /#e0uenc( 1 45 11 12 17 100 Pe#cent 1.0 45.0 11.0 12.0 17.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 1.0 45.0 11.0 12.0 17.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 1.0 53.0 71.0 13.0 100.0

+ li"

A#o2( H #" ( l *e6 7ol" +i6 ( 7ol" An( ot$e# *ot l

5$ic$ b# n" o! &il2 (o# #e consu&inA#o2( An( ot$e#

+i6 ( 7ol"

H #" ( l

*e6 7ol"

A6aly#i#* O " o? "85 .00 r5#Ao6d56"# 1> ar5 !o6# 7i6C Hardayal 7ilk) r57ai6i6C >> ar5 #i6C o"85r Bra6d# lik5 T5@a ,.=-) +i@aya ,./-) Arokya ,=- a6d .3 o"85r#% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* A 7a@or Aar" r5#Ao6d56"# ar5 #i6C Hardayal 7ilk%

,#

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics 5$ic$ o! t$e !ollo)in- ! cto#s in!luences to c$oose t$e b# n" 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

Which of the following factors influences to choose the brand /#e0uenc( P#ice 12 9u lit( 55 t ste 22 A% il bilit( 11 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 12.0 55.0 22.0 11.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 12.0 55.0 22.0 11.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 12.0 67.0 19.0 100.0

+ li"

5$ic$ o! t$e !ollo)in- ! cto#s in!luences to c$oose t$e b# n" 8


A% il bilit( t ste P#ice

9u lit(

A6aly#i#* T85 H ali"y ?a!"or o? >>G) "a#"5 ?a!"or //G) Ari!5 ./G a6d a$ailaBili"y ..G i6?l 56!5# i6 !8oo#i6C "85 Bra6d% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* J ali"y a6d "a#"5 ?a!"or# ,33G- Alay "85 7a@or rol5 98il5 !8oo#i6C a Bra6d "

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies
Statistics $ %e (ou e%e# use" $ #" ( l &il2 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

ha!e you e!er used hardayal milk /#e0uenc( 96 4 100 Pe#cent 96.0 4.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 96.0 4.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 96.0 100.0

+ li"

(es no *ot l

$ %e (ou e%e# use" $ #" ( l &il2 8


120 100

10

60

/#e0uenc(

40

20

0 (es no

$ %e (ou e%e# use" $ #" ( l &il2 8

A6aly#i#* 4<G o? r5#Ao6d56"# ar5 #5d Hardayal 7ilk% O6ly 1G o? "857 8a$5 6o" #5d Hardayal y5"% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* O " o? .00 r5#Ao6d56"# >> ar5 6o" !o6# 7i6C Hardayal 7ilk) i6 "8a" >> 7or5 "8a6 >0 8a$5 #5d Hardayal o6!5%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics 5$ t is (ou# opinion bout H #" ( l &il2 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

What is your opinion about Hardayal milk /#e0uenc( 15 11 5 62 100 Pe#cent 15.0 11.0 5.0 62.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 15.0 11.0 5.0 62.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 15.0 33.0 31.0 100.0

+ li"

Costl( c$e p +e#( costl( A%e# -e *ot l

5$ t is (ou# opinion bout H #" ( l &il2 8


Costl(

c$e p

A%e# -e +e#( costl(

A6aly#i#* </G o? r5#Ao6d56"# ?55l Hardayal Ari!5 i# a$5raC5) .=G ?55l# i" a# !85aA a6d r57ai6i6C /0G ?55l# i" a# a !o#"ly% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* ABo " =0G o? r5#Ao6d56"# ?55l Hardayal Ari!5 i# OK%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics 9u lit( o!H #" ( l . + li" ,issin-

100 0

"uality of Hardayal /#e0uenc( 24 56 20 100 Pe#cent 24.0 56.0 20.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 24.0 56.0 20.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 24.0 10.0 100.0

+ li"

7oo" A%e# -e Poo# *ot l

9u lit( o! $ #" ( l
Poo# 7oo"

A%e# -e

A6aly#i#* /1G o? r5#Ao6d56"# ?55l J ali"y o? Hardayal i# Cood) ><G ?55l i"# a$5raC5 a6d /0G ?55l i"L# Aoor%

I6"5rAr5"a"io6* ><G o? r5#Ao6d56"# ?55l i"L# 6o" Bad%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics Ho) "o (ou # te H #" ( l &il2 in co&p #ison )it$ ot$e# b# n"s 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

How do you rate Hardayal milk in comparison with other brands /#e0uenc( 5 12 51 21 4 100 Pe#cent 5.0 12.0 51.0 21.0 4.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 5.0 12.0 51.0 21.0 4.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 5.0 17.0 61.0 96.0 100.0

+ li"

+e#( Poo# 4 " A%e# -e 7oo" 4ette# *ot l

Ho) "o (ou # te H #" ( l &il2 in co&p #ison )it$ ot$e# b# n"s 8
60 50

40

30

/#e0uenc(

20

10

0 +e#( Poo# 4 " A%e# -e 7oo" 4ette#

Ho) "o (ou # te H #" ( l &il2 in co&p #ison )it$ ot$e# b# n"s 8

A6aly#i#* >.G #ay# i"# a$5raC5) 2/G ?55l 95ll a6d .3G #ay# i"L# 6o" A "o "85 7ark% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* I" #8o9# "8a" 7or5 "8a6 <>G o? r5#Ao6d56"# 6o" ?55l# "oo Cood 9i"8 !o7Aari6C o"85r#%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics :o (ou !eel $ #" ( l &il2 en$ nce t$e #ic$ness o! *e /Co!!ee . + li" 100 ,issin0

Do you feel hardayal milk enhance the richness of #ea$%offee /#e0uenc( 57 43 100 Pe#cent 57.0 43.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 57.0 43.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 57.0 100.0

+ li"

;es .o *ot l

:o (ou !eel H #" ( l &il2 en$ nce t$e #ic$ness o! *e /Co!!ee


60 50

40

30

/#e0uenc(

20

10

0 ;es .o

:o (ou !eel $ #" ( l &il2 en$ nce t$e #ic$ness o! *e /Co!!ee

A6aly#i#* >3G o? r5#Ao6d56"# #ay Hardayal 9ill 568a6!5 ri!865## "o T5aMCo??55 a6d 12G #ay# i"# 6o"% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* Mor5 "8a6 >3 r5#Ao6d56"# aCr55 Hardayal 9ill 568a6!5 ri!865## "o T5aM!o??55%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics Ho) &uc$ #e (ou s tis!ie" )it$ t$e t ste o! H #" ( l &il2 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

How much are you satisfied with the taste of Hardayal milk /#e0uenc( 1 59 40 100 Pe#cent 1.0 59.0 40.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 1.0 59.0 40.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 1.0 60.0 100.0

+ li"

0 to 30 H."iss tis!ie" 40 to 70 S tis!ie" 10 to 100 H.s tis!ie" *ot l

Ho) &uc$ #e (ou s tis!ie" )it$ t$e t ste o! H #" ( l &il2 8


10 to 100 H.s tis!ie 0 to 30 H."iss tis!i

40 to 70 S tis!ie"

A6aly#i#* 10G o? r5#Ao6d56"# ar5 8iC8ly #a"i#?i5d o? Hardayal a6d >4G ?55l i"# a$5raC5% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* Mo#" o? r5#Ao6#5# ?all 9i"8i6 8iC8ly #a"i#?i5d a6d #a"i#?i5d ra6C5%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics *$ic2ness . + li" ,issin100 0

#hickness /#e0uenc( +e#( b " 2 b " 22 A%e# -e 62 7oo" 13 bette# 1 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 2.0 22.0 62.0 13.0 1.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 2.0 22.0 62.0 13.0 1.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 2.0 24.0 16.0 99.0 100.0

+ li"

*$ic2ness
bette# 7oo" b "

+e#( b "

A%e# -e

A6aly#i#* </G o? r5#Ao6d56"# #ay "8i!k65## o? Hardayal 7ilk i# a$5raC5) //G o? "857 #ay# i"L# Bad a6d /G ?55l# i"L# "oo Bad% Interpretation: O6ly aBo " .2G o? r5#Ao6d56"# ?55l "8i!k65## o? Hardayal i# Cood%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics S&ell . + li" ,issin100 0

Smell /#e0uenc( +e#( b " 5 4 " 34 A%e# -e 46 7oo" 12 4ette# 3 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 5.0 34.0 46.0 12.0 3.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 5.0 34.0 46.0 12.0 3.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 5.0 39.0 15.0 97.0 100.0

+ li"

S&ell
4ette# 7oo"

+e#( b "

4 "

A%e# -e

Analysis: 1<G ?55l# #75ll o? Hardayal i# a$5raC5) 24G #ay# i"# Bad a6d o6ly .>G ?55l# i"L# Cood%

I6"5rAr5"a"io6* Mo#" o? "85 ! #"o75r# ar5 6o" 8aAAy 9i"8 "85 #75ll o? "85 Hardayal%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies
Statistics A% il bilit(/:eli%e#( . + li" ,issin100 0 A!ailability$Deli!ery /#e0uenc( +e#( b " 1 4 " 5 A%e# -e 52 7oo" 33 4ette# 9 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 1.0 5.0 52.0 33.0 9.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 1.0 5.0 52.0 33.0 9.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 1.0 6.0 51.0 91.0 100.0

+ li"

A% il bilit(/:eli%e#(
60

50

40

30

20

/#e0uenc(

10 0 +e#( b " 4 " A%e# -e 7oo" 4ette#

A% il bilit(/:eli%e#(

I6"5rAr5"a"io6* >/G o? r5#Ao6d56"# #ay a$ailaBili"y o? Hardayal i# a$5raC5) 22G ?55l# i"# Cood 4G #ay# B5""5r o6ly <G #ay# i"L# Aoor% A6aly#i#* "85 aBo$5 da"a #8o9# "8a" a$ailaBili"y ?a!"or i# 6o" a AroBl57 ?or Hardayal%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics p c2in. + li" ,issin100 0

packing /#e0uenc( 4 " 16 A%e# -e 49 7oo" 30 4ette# 5 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 16.0 49.0 30.0 5.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 16.0 49.0 30.0 5.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 16.0 65.0 95.0 100.0

+ li"

p c2in60

50

40

30

20

/#e0uenc(

10 0 4 " A%e# -e 7oo" 4ette#

p c2in-

A6aly#i#*14G o? r5#Ao6d56"# #ay# Aa!kaCi6C i# a$5raC5) 20G ?55l# i"# Cood .<G o? "857 #ay# i" i# Aoor a6d > 0? "857 ?55l# i"# "oo Cood% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* Mor5 "8a6 =0G o? "85 r5#Ao6d56"# ar5 do 6o" 8a$5 !o7Alai6" i6 Aa!kaCi6C o? Hardayal%

;"

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics /o# $e lt$ . + li" ,issin100 0

For health /#e0uenc( 4 " 4 A%e# -e 50 7oo" 41 4ette# 5 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 4.0 50.0 41.0 5.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 4.0 50.0 41.0 5.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 4.0 54.0 95.0 100.0

+ li"

/o# $e lt$
4ette# 4 "

7oo" A%e# -e

A6aly#i#* >0G ?55l# Hardayal 7ilk i# a$5raC5 ?or 85al"8 a6d 1.G ?55l# i"# Cood ?or 85al"8% >G #ay# i"# "oo Cood a6d o6ly 1G 6o" aCr55 9i"8 i"% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* O6ly 1G o? r5#Ao6d56"# !o7Al5"5ly 6o" aCr55d "8a" Hardayal i# Cood ?or 85al"8%

;1

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics *ot l( #e (ou s tis!ie" )it$ H #" ( l &il2 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

#otaly are you satisfied with Hardayal milk /#e0uenc( 3 17 47 27 6 100 Pe#cent 3.0 17.0 47.0 27.0 6.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 3.0 17.0 47.0 27.0 6.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 3.0 20.0 67.0 94.0 100.0

+ li"

%e#( b " 4 " A%e# -e 7oo" 4ette# *ot l

*ot l( #e (ou s tis!ie" )it$ H #" ( l &il2 8


4ette# 7oo" %e#( b " 4 "

A%e# -e

A6aly#i#* 13G o? r5#Ao6d56"# 65i"85r #a"i#?i5d 6or di##a"i#?i5d 9i"8 Hardayal 7ilk 985r5 22G o? "857 ar5 #a"i#?i5d r57ai6i6C /0G 6o" #a"i#?i5d%

I6"5rAr5"a"io6* aBo " <3G o? "857 ar5 6o" !o7Al5"5ly #a"i#?i5d 9i"8 Hardayal 7ilk% 22G ar5 "o"ally #a"i#?i5d%

;2

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics 5$ic$ si<e o! p c2 -in- "o (ou p#e!e# &o#e 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

Which si&e of packaging do you prefer more /#e0uenc( 1 79 13 100 Pe#cent 1.0 79.0 13.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 1.0 79.0 13.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 1.0 17.0 100.0

+ li"

250 &l 500 &l 1 =t# *ot l

5$ic$ si<e o! p c2 -in- "o (ou p#e!e# &o#e 8


1 =t#

250 &l

500 &l

A6aly#i#* 34G o? r5#Ao6d56"# Ar5?5r >007l #iI5) .2G Ar5?5r# .000 7l a6d o6ly =G Ar5?5r# />0 7l #iI5%

I6"5rAr5"a"io6* Ma@or Aor"io6 o? r5#Ao6d56"# i%5% 34G Ar5?5r# 8al? li"5r #iI5 a6d r57ai6i6C Ar5?5r# . li"5r a6d />0 7l%

;$

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics Hoe "o (ou "i!!e#enti te )it$ ot$e# b# n" in te#&s o! . + li" 100 ,issin0

Hoe do you differentiate with other brand in terms of /#e0uenc( 9u lit( 22 Se#%ice p#o%i"e 15 Custo&e# #el tion 9 He lt$ conscious 43 An( ot$e# 11 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 22.0 15.0 9.0 43.0 11.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 22.0 15.0 9.0 43.0 11.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 22.0 37.0 46.0 19.0 100.0

+ li"

Hoe "o (ou "i!!e#enti te )it$ ot$e# b# n" in te#&s o!


50

40

30

20

/#e0uenc(

10

0 9u lit( Custo&e# #el tion Se#%ice p#o%i"e He lt$ conscious An( ot$e#

Hoe "o (ou "i!!e#enti te )it$ ot$e# b# n" in te#&s o!

A6aly#i#* 12G o? r5#Ao6d56"# di??5r56"ia"5 Hardayal a# 85al"8 !o6#!io # 9i"8 o"85r Bra6d# //G di??5r56"ia"5# i" By H ali"y) .>G By #5r$i!5 Aro$id5d r57ai6i6C 9i"8 o"85r r5a#o6#% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* 7o#" o? "85 r5#Ao6d56"# di??5r56"ia"5 Hardayal 7ilk By 85al"8 !o6#!io # 12G a6d By H ali"y //G

;,

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics At )$ t e>tent t$e tec$nolo-( $ s in!luence" (ou# bu(in- be$ %io# . + li" 100 ,issin0

At what e'tent the technology has influenced your buying beha!ior /#e0uenc( ,ost 1 So&e)$ t 25 :on?t @no) 63 .ot 2 An( ot$e# 2 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 1.0 25.0 63.0 2.0 2.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 1.0 25.0 63.0 2.0 2.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 1.0 33.0 96.0 91.0 100.0

+ li"

At )$ t e>tent t$e tec$nolo-( $ s in!luence" (ou# bu(in- be$ %io#


An( ot$e# .ot ,ost

So&e)$ t

:on?t @no)

A6aly#i#* <2G o? r5#Ao6d56"# do 6o" k6o9 985"85r "5!86oloCy 8a# !8a6C5d "85ir B yi6C B58a$io r) />G ?55l# #o75 98a" i" do5# a6d =G#ay# i" i6?l 56!5d "85 7o#"% I6"5rAr5"a"io6* T5!86oloCy 8a# 6o" i6?l 56!5d B yi6C B58a$ior o? "85 7o#" o? "85 ! #"o75r#%

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics 5$ic$ b# n" co&es to (ou# &in")$en (ou t$in2 o! &il2 8 . + li" 100 ,issin0

Which brand comes to your mind when you think of milk /#e0uenc( 11 65 13 6 5 100 Pe#cent 11.0 65.0 13.0 6.0 5.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 11.0 65.0 13.0 6.0 5.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 11.0 76.0 19.0 95.0 100.0

+ li"

A#o2( H #" ( l *e6 -ol" +i6 ( An( ot$e# *ot l

5$ic$ b# n" co&es to (ou# &in")$en (ou t$in2 o! &il2 8


An( ot$e# +i6 ( *e6 -ol" A#o2(

H #" ( l

A6aly#i#* For <>G o? r5#Ao6d56"# #ay# Hardayal Bra6d !o75# "o "85ir 7i6d 9856 "85y "8i6k o? 7ilk%

;;

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Frequencies

Statistics Ae sons !o# t$e lte#n ti%e b# n". . + li" 100 ,issin0

(easons for the alternati!e brand) /#e0uenc( S &e p#ice 9 S &e 0u lit( 34 S &e t ste 16 An( ot$e# 40 5 1 *ot l 100 Pe#cent 9.0 34.0 16.0 40.0 1.0 100.0 + li" Pe#cent 9.0 34.0 16.0 40.0 1.0 100.0 Cu&ul ti%e Pe#cent 9.0 43.0 59.0 99.0 100.0

+ li"

Ae sons !o# t$e lte#n ti%e b# n".


5

S &e p#ice

An( ot$e# S &e 0u lit(

S &e t ste

'nalysis: $,? respondents> reason for alternati.e brand other than /ardayal is same Auality, 1;? is same taste and ,"? are other reasons like thickness, a.ailability etc.

;-

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Fi6di6C#*
The customer awareness le.el towards /ardayal milk is e9cellent because all the 1"" respondents are aware of it. 7rom the aware respondents , ? of respondents are using /ardayal milk. 7actors like @uality, taste and price influences more while choosing a brand respecti.ely. <nly 2,? of respondents feels Auality of /ardayal milk is good where ;? of are in: between good and bad. <nly $2? "f respondents say /ardayal milk is better with comparison of others. ,-? of respondents do not agree to that /ardayal will enhance richness to Tea!coffee. ,"? of respondents feels that /ardayal> taste is good where #? feels its a.erage. <nly 1$? of respondents are totally satisfied with the thickness of /ardayal. $#? of respondents feel /ardayal milk is ha.ing bad smell. %ore than B"? do not ha.e any complaint regarding packaging of /ardayal. <nly ,? feels /ardayal is not good for health. <nly $$? of respondents are totally satisfied with the performance of /ardayal milk. %ost of the respondents prefer "" ml. si8e of packaging i.e. nearly B"?. ,$? of respondents differentiate /ardayal as health conscious milk with other brands. <ut of 1"" /ardayal comes to ; respondents> mind when they think of milk. %ore thickness, same taste and a.ailability are the key reasons for alternati.e brand other than /ardayal.

;B

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

S CC5#"io6#MR5!o7756da"io6#*
o The /ardayal brand is ha.ing trust in the market where it operates and still the market is open for acAuire, 6ompany may take ad.antage of it through ad.ertisements. o The company may con.ince customers that due to less fat thickness of /ardayal is less and that is good for health through ad.ertisements!banners. o The company may keep one employee as 6ustomer *elationship 19ecuti.e. Cho will co ordinates between customers and company and also with retailers who may promote /ardayal milk effecti.ely on regular basis. o 3ike 3ucknow Dnion they may open 6oin milk parlors at suitable places. o It will be better if the company takes some necessary actions to reduce bad smell o In addition to abo.e these company can ha.e close watch on customers to know their changing needs and wants. 'nd also on competitors for benchmarking. .

;#

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

Co6!l #io6*
'fter interacting with the marketing officer and other employees of /%2 and the sur.ey I made in 4hikohabad city, %ilk adulteration, lack of loyal retailers and unethical competitors who use harmful chemicals to increase thickness and durability to promote sales are the big threat to the /ardayal milk. 'lthough still /ardayal is ha.ing good reputation and brand image for its factors like less price, health conscious and e9perienced player in the market.

-"

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

AAA56di!5#*
J 5#"io66air5 o6 Mark5"i6C S r$5y%
21*4<+'3 I+7<*%'TI<+ <7 6D4T<%1* +ame: PPPPPPPPPPPPP. 'ge: PPPP.. 0ender: %alePP @ualification: <ccupation: Income: 7amily si8e: +o of 6hildren below 12: 'ddress 7emale:PPPP

6ontact +o:

-1

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

JUESTIONNAIRE

1) Les

're you aware of /ardayal milk= +o If Les

2)

/ow did you come to know about /ardayal milk= Tele.ison +ewspaper &anners 7riends and others

$)

Chich brand of milk are you consuming= 'rokya /ardayal Teja gold Eijaya gold any other PP

,)

Chich of the following factors influences you to choose the brand= 2rice @uality Taste '.ailability 2ackaging

'ny other P.. ) /a.e you e.er used /ardayal milk= Les +o -2

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

;)

Chat is your opinion about /ardayal>s price 6ostly Eery costly 6heap '.erage

-) @uality of /ardayal milk 0ood '.erage 2oor

B) /ow do you rate /ardayal milk in comparison with other brands=

Eery poor

&ad

'.erage

0ood

&etter

#)

Do you feel that /ardayal milk enhance the richness of Tea!coffee= Les +o

1") "?

/ow much are you satisfied with the taste of /ardayal %ilk= 1"? 2"? $"? ,"? "? ;"? -"? B"? #"? 1""? /igh satisfied

/ighly Dissatisfied

4atisfied

-$

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

11)

*ate the following factors with respect to /ardayal milk. Thickness

Eery bad 4mell Eery bad

&ad

'.erage

0ood

&etter

&ad

'.erage

0ood

&etter

'.ailability!Deli.ery Eery bad 2ackaging Eery bad 7or /ealth Eery bad &ad '.erage 0ood &etter &ad '.erage 0ood &etter &ad '.erage 0ood &etter

1$) /ow do you rate /ardayal milk with consideration of Durability= Eery bad &ad '.erage 0ood &etter

1,) Totally are you satisfied with /ardayal milk=

-,

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. Eery bad &ad '.erage 0ood &etter

1 ) 'mong the following which brand you prefer in /ardayal O other brands rate the factors

*ating 7eatures /ardayal 'ny other brand 19cellent T e

Tast

@uality

Thickness

2rice

2ackaging

Eery good T, &ad T 2 Eery bad T1

0ood T $

1;)

Chich si8e of packaging do you prefer more= 1)1"" ml 2) 2 " ml $) "" ml ,) 1 liter.

1-) /ow do you differentiate /ardayal with other brand in terms of, (%ark any <ne) 1) @uality 2) 4er.ice pro.ided $) 6ustomer relation ,) /ealth conscious ) 'ny other P. 1B) 't what e9tent the technology has influenced your buying beha.ior %ost 1#) 'rokya Teja 0old 4omewhat don>t know +ot +ot at all Chich brand comes to your mind when you think of milk= /ardayal Eijaya 'ny other P..

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

2") Chich will be your alternati.e brand of milk= PP 21) *easons for the alternati.e brand. 4ame price same Auality same taste any other P.

22) 'ny suggestions for /ardayal milk= P PPPPPPPPPP.. PPPPPPPPPPP... PPPPPPPPPPP..

Thank Lou

-;

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products.

&iBlioCraA8y*

&ook#N
.% Pri6!iAl5# o? Mark5"i6C By P8iliA Ko"l5r% /% Mark5"i6C r5#5ar!8 By Para#8 ra7a6% 2% Co6# 75r &58a$io r By Pa l Sa7 5l%

W5B#i"5#*;
999%8ardayalCro A%!o7 999% AA!d?%orC

--

Consumer Perception towards Hardayal Milk Products. 2;13) >0) >2;>1) >=;>4) <2) <3;3< 1=;14) >.;>/) >>;>3) <0;</) <1;<<

-B

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