Thermodynamics Homework 9 Solutions

1. Steam expands through the turbine, which generates shaft power.

a. Calculate the power at the shaft. Consider kinetic energy differences.

b. Calculate the power at the shaft, but neglect kinetic energy differences. By how much does kinetic energy affect your calculations? Do you feel that it is important enough to consider?

c. Make a graph of inlet pressure versus shaft power, with pressure ranging from 10 kPa to 60 MPa. Neglect kinetic energy differences. Does your graph look the way you thought it would? Describe whats going on.
50000

It is counter-intuitive that the work out of the turbine should go down with increasing pressure, but the inlet enthalpy is decreased when pressure is increased, reducing . When pressure is increased, the volumetric flow rate of the feed is dramatically decreased, which may also explain the results.

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Wout [kW]

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P[1] [kPa]

d. Calculate the power at the shaft assuming the turbine operates adiabatically and reversibly (in other words, it operates isentropically). Use the same feed conditions and outlet pressure, but this time the outlet temperature and quality are unknown. Neglect kinetic energy differences. How does the shaft power compare to your answers in Parts a. and b.?

2. Two tanks containing water are in a room. The rooms volume is 200 ft 3, its temperature is initially 60 F, its pressure is initially atmospheric, and it is well sealed and insulated. The first tank contains 70 lb of water at an initial temperature of 35 F and the second tank contains 115 lb of water at an initial temperature of 208 F. Determine (a) the final equilibrium temperature, (b) the net amount of heat transferred to the air (in Btu), and (c) the change in entropy in the room, if any (in Btu/R).
Because heat cannot enter or leave the room, and it cannot do any boundary work (the room's volume is fixed), the initial total energy in the room equals the final total energy in the room.

See EES code. The iterative solution results in

3. Problem 6-121

4. Problem 6-133

Have 5 unknown variables and 5 equations, can solve by hand or iteratively with EES.
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Pmin [kPa]

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W in [kJ]