Waves - 3 SOUND WAVES

Equation of sound waves 1. Sound wave of frequency 50 Hz is travelling in air. A particle at time t = 0 is having displacement equal to half the displacement amplitude and is moving along the direction of wave. The time at which particles pressure becomes maximum for the first time is a. 0.01 s b. c. d. 2. The equation of the sound wave travelling in air is given by ( ) Find the maximum change is pressure at any point. Given atmospheric pressure is 105 Pa. 3. Find the equation of the sound wave as a displacement wave. Given: Sound wave has frequency 100 Hz and is travelling in +x-direction with speed 320 m/s. The particle at x = 0 has 10 Pa gauge pressure at t = 0 and its pressure is decreasing. Also the maximum gauge pressure at any point is Pa. Comprehension: A sound wave of the form travels at 336 m/s through air in a long horizontal tube. At one instant, air molecule A at x = 2.000 m is at its maximum positive displacement of 6.00 nm and air molecule B at x = 2.020 m is at a positive displacement of 3.00 nm. All the molecules between A and B are at intermediate displacements. Given: wave is travelling in +x direction. 4. What is the frequency of the wave? a. 2800 Hz b. 5600 Hz c. 1400 Hz d. 2100 Hz

5. After what time from that instant will the pressure at A becomes maximum? a. s b. s c. s d. Speed of Sound waves 6. What is the speed of sound in oxygen at 1 atm pressure and 63 oC? a. 500 m/s b. 339.4 m/s c. 360 m/s

d. 445 m/s

7. A mixture of oxygen and hydrogen at 450 K contains 22 g of H2 and 608 g of O2. The speed of sound in the mixture is a. 500 m/s b. 339.4 m/s c. 360 m/s d. 445 m/s 8. A stone is dropped into a well where water level is 80 m from the top. After what time will the splash of water be heard? Vs = 320 m/s. 9. Speed of sound in a mixture of H2 and N2 gas in a cylindrical pipe is 400 m/s at 300 K. Mole fraction of Hydrogen in the mixture is ( ) a. b. c. d.

10. At a certain place, velocity of sound in air is 354 m/s at an average day temperature of 37 oC. During night time when the temperature drops by 6.2 oC, what will be the speed of sound? a. 350.5 m/s b. 357.5 m/s c. 347 m/s d. 343 m/s 11. Choose the correct statement(s) a. Speed of sound in air decreases with the increase in humidity in the air b. Speed of sound in air is higher if wind is blowing opposite to the direction of travel of sound. c. Due to continuous increase of CO2 near the earth surface, speed of sound is decreasing. d. Sound waves cannot travel in vacuum.

Intensity of sound waves and Loudness level 12. Find the intensity of sound wave whose frequency is 250 Hz. The displacement amplitude of the particles of the medium is 1 x 10-8 m. Density of the medium is 1 kg/m3 and bulk modulus of elasticity of the medium is 400 N/m2. 13. If the intensity of sound becomes double at a point, then the loudness level will increase at that point by x decibels. Find x. 14. The sound level at a point 5.0 m from a point source is 40 dB. What will be the level at a point 50 m away from the source? 15. Loudness at a distance of 5 m from a loud speaker is 80 dB. Power generated by the speaker is a. W b. W c. W d. W 16. A point source produces sound waves of frequency 3 Hz in air. At a distance r1 = 100 m, from the source, the sound loudness level is L1 = 60 dB. Find the sound loudness level at a distance r2 = 200 m and the distance (in km) at which the sound stops being heard. 17. A source of sound operates at 2.0 KHz, 20 W emitting sounds uniformly in all directions. The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s and density of air is 1.2 kg/m3. A) What is the intensity at a distance 6.0 m from the source? B) What will be the pressure amplitude at this point c) what will be the displacement amplitude at this point? 18. Sound of intensity larger than 120 dB appears painful to a person. A small speaker is delivering 2.0W of audio output. How close can the person get to the speaker without hurting his ears? Standing waves in Pipes 19. Choose the correct statement(s) a. A compression wave pulse travelling along a pipe returns as a compression wave pulse from a closed end. b. A compression wave pulse travelling along a pipe returns as a compression wave pulse from an open end. c. A compression wave pulse suffers a phase difference of after reflection from a closed end. d. A compression wave pulse suffers a phase difference of after reflection from an open end. 20. An open organ pipe of length L vibrates in second harmonic mode. The pressure vibration is maximum a. At the two ends b. at a distance L/4 from either end inside the tube c. At the midpoint of the tube d. none of these 21. A gas is filled in an organ pipe and it is sounded with an organ pipe in fundamental mode. Choose the correct statement(s) (Temperature is constant) a. If gas is changed from H2 to O2, the resonant frequency will increase b. If gas is changed from O2 to N2, the resonant frequency will increase c. If gas is changed from N2 to He, the resonant frequency will decrease d. If gas is changed from He to CH4, the resonant frequency will decrease 22. In a closed pipe of length 105 cm, standing waves are set up corresponding to the third overtone. What distance from the closed end, amongst the following is a pressure node? a. 20 cm b. 60 cm c. 85 cm d. 45 cm 23. A pipes lower end is immersed in water such that the length of air column from the top open end has a certain length 25 cm. The sped of sound in air is 350 m/s. The air column is found to resonate with a tuning fork of frequency 1750 Hz. By what minimum distance should the pipe be raised in order to make the air column resonate again with the same tuning fork? a. 7 cm b. 5 cm c. 35 cm d. 10 cm Harmonics and Overtones

24. In case of a closed organ pipe, which harmonic the pth overtone will be a. 2p+1 b. 2p-1 c. p+1 d. p-1 25. A tube closed at one end and containing air, produces, when excited the fundamental note of frequency 512 Hz. If the tube is opened at both ends, the fundamental frequency that can be excited (in Hz) is a. 1024 b. 512 c. 256 d. 128 26. In a resonance tube experiment to determine the speed of sound, air column in the pipe is made to resonate with a given tuning fork of frequency 480 Hz. The diameter of the pipe is 5 cm and it is open at one end. The smallest resonating length is observed to be 16 cm. Calculate the speed of sound in m/s from the experimental data. 27. First overtone frequency of a closed organ pipe is equal to the first overtone frequency of an open organ pipe. Further nth harmonic of closed organ pipe is also equal to the nth harmonic of open pipe, where n and m are a. 5,4 b. 7,5 c. 9,6 d. 7,3 28. An open pipe is suddenly closed at one end with the result that the frequency of the third harmonic of the closed pipe is found to be higher by 100 Hz than the fundamental frequency of the open pipe. The fundamental frequency of the open pipe is a. 200 Hz b. 300 Hz c. 240 Hz d. 480 Hz 29. An organ pipe P1 closed at one end and vibrating in its third harmonic, and another pipe P 2, open at both ends and vibrating in its fourth harmonic, are in resonance with a given tuning fork. The ratio of the length of P1 to that of P2 is a. 8/3 b. 3/8 c. d. 1/3 30. Velocity of sound in air is 320 m/s. A pipe closed at one end has a length of 1 m. Neglecting end corrections; the air column in the pipe can resonate for sound of frequency a. 80 Hz b. 240 Hz c. 320 Hz d. 400 Hz 31. For a certain organ pipe, three successive resonant frequencies are observed at 425 Hz, 595 Hz and 765 Hz respectively. If the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s, then the length of the pipe is a. 2.0 m b. 0.4 m c. 1.0 m d. 0.2 m Resonance in air column and end correction 32. A cylindrical tube, open at both ends, has a fundamental frequency f in air. The tube is dipped vertically in water so that half of it is in water. The fundamental frequency of the air column is now a. f/2 b. 3f/4 c. f d. 2f 33. A tuning fork of frequency 340 Hz is vibrated just above a cylindrical tube of length 120 cm. Water is slowly poured in the tube. If the speed of sound is 340 m/s, then the minimum height of water required for resonance is a. 95 cm b. 75 cm c. 45 cm d. 25 cm 34. A student is performing the experiment of resonance column. The diameter of the column tube is 4 cm. The frequency of the tuning fork is 512 Hz. The air temperature is 38 oC in which the speed of sound is 336 m/s. The zero of the meter scale coincides with the top end of the resonance column tube. When the first resonance occurs, the reading of the water level in the column is a. 14.0 cm b. 15.2 cm c. 16.4 cm d. 17.6 cm 35. A cylindrical glass tube is partially filled with water to create an air column of length 0.1 m. The air column is in resonance, in its fundamental mode, with a tuning fork. The level of water is now lowered and the next resonance is observed at 0.35 m. The end correction is a. 0.025 m b. 0.020 m c. 0.015 m d. 0.010 m